1624:
1576:
1468:
1328:
1516:
542:. Common characteristics of modern bears include a large body with stocky legs, a long snout, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and a short tail. Most bears are omnivorous, with largely varied diets that include both plants and animals. The polar bear is the most carnivorous of bears due to the arctic climate in which it lives, and shows a preference for eating seals. The giant panda is the most herbivorous bear and has evolved a number of adaptations, including a sixth "toe", specialized teeth, and strong jaw muscles, to allow it to feed nearly exclusively on
1440:
1496:
469:
458:
1388:
1596:
853:
838:
171:
1644:
114:
1301:
519:, as well as a number of less familiar animals. The family is currently divided into two major groups, the true dogs (tribe Canini), which includes nine genera, and the true foxes (tribe Vulpini) with two genera. In addition, two basal genera are described. About 35 species of extant canids are currently recognized. Canids are the most social of all caniforms, sometimes living in
785:
651:
Family
Mustelidae (badgers, weasels and otters) is the largest family of carnivora, with 22 extant genera and roughly 57 extant species. While highly variable in shape, size, and behavior, most mustelids are smaller animals with short legs, short, round ears, and thick fur. Mustelids are
684:. While support for the monophyly of pinnipeds is strong, the relationship of pinnipeds to terrestrial mammals is still unclear. Some studies support the hypothesis that the bears are their closest relatives, while others support a closer relationship to the mustelids.
2152:
Sato, J. J.; Wolsan, M.; Suzuki, H.; Hosoda, T.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Hiyama, K.; Kobayashi, M.; Minami, S. (2006). "Evidence from nuclear DNA sequences sheds light on the phylogenetic relationships of
Pinnipedia: Single origin with affinity to Musteloidea".
667:, all procyonids have banded tails and distinct facial markings, and like bears, are plantigrade, walking on the soles of their feet. Most species have nonretractile claws. Early procyonids may have been an offshoot of the
1623:
731:) is distributed throughout the world's oceans with the exception of the North Atlantic. The 15 species (divided into seven genera) of otariids are distinguished from phocids by visible external ears (
814:
was probably an early caniform. Like many other early carnivorans it was well suited for tree climbing with needle-sharp claws, and had limbs and joints that resemble those of modern carnivorans.
663:
Members of Family
Procyonidae (raccoons, coatis) are smallish animals, with generally slender bodies and long tails. Nineteen extant species in six genera are currently recognized. Except for the
592:
Family
Mephitidae (skunks and stink badgers) was once classified as mustelids, but are now recognized as a lineage in their own right. The 12 species of skunks are divided into four
1575:
706:(true or earless seals) consists of around 19 species of highly aquatic, barrel-shaped animals ranging from 45 kg (100 lb) and 1.2 m (4 ft) in length (the
561:, which was once thought to be included in the Procyonidae or Ursidae lineages, but is now placed in its own family along with a number of extinct species. It is found in the
1979:
915:
likely had been a quadrupedal swimmer–retaining a form of aquatic locomotion that give rise to the major swimming types employed by modern pinnipeds.
867:
Debate continues on the origin of pinnipeds. Recent molecular evidence suggests pinnipeds evolved from a bear-like ancestor about 23 Mya during the
2314:
Rybczynski, N.; Dawson, M. R.; Tedford, R. H. (2009). "A semi-aquatic Arctic mammalian carnivore from the
Miocene epoch and origin of Pinnipedia".
526:
Family
Ursidae (bears) is the largest of all the land caniforms. Eight species are recognized, divided into five genera. They range from the large
1807:
1172:
1144:
966:
7279:
8088:
7350:
2043:
Lento, G. M.; Hickson, R. E.; Chambers, G. K.; Penny, D. (1995). "Use of spectral analysis to test hypotheses on the origin of pinnipeds".
1124:
1060:
8165:
2367:"Lineage Diversity and Size Disparity in Musteloidea: Testing Patterns of Adaptive Radiation Using Molecular and Fossil-Based Methods"
1021:
362:
2213:"Molecular phylogeny of the Carnivora (Mammalia): Assessing the impact of increased sampling on resolving enigmatic relationships"
1467:
8049:
2257:"Phocid seal leptin: Tertiary structure and hydrophobic receptor binding site preservation during distinct leptin gene evolution"
1788:
Silverstein, Alvin; Silverstein, Virginia and Robert (1995). The Sea Otter. Brookfield, Connecticut: The
Millbrook Press, Inc.
8067:
1907:
1793:
429:, composed of a single bone, while in feliforms, the auditory bullae are double-chambered, composed of two bones joined by a
8054:
1515:
1868:
1932:"Pattern and timing of the diversification of the mammalian order Carnivora inferred from multiple nuclear gene sequences"
1327:
911:
had a long tail, short limbs, and webbed feet instead of flippers. However, its limbs and shoulders were more robust, and
2449:
1742:
3819:
2027:
1986:
8127:
8093:
8028:
480:
Caniformia consists of nine extant families, with three extinct families also recognized. The extant families are
353:) are also assigned to this group. The center of diversification for the Caniformia is North America and northern
8041:
4163:
2079:
1277:
of six genes in Flynn (2005), with the musteloids updated following the multigene analysis of Law et al. (2018).
1387:
1495:
8075:
6381:
674:
Pinnipedia (seals, sea lions, and walruses clade) is a widely distributed and diverse group of semiaquatic
8062:
6372:
3575:
554:, with a long snout, powerful claws, and missing upper front teeth, though it also eats honey and fruit.
7837:
7493:
170:
5859:
1842:
1595:
8132:
4698:
886:
2103:"Phylogeny and divergence of the pinnipeds (Carnivora: Mammalia) assessed using a multigene dataset"
7756:
7651:
6390:
4680:
4408:
4375:
4351:
4172:
3424:
2422:
1643:
7418:
6399:
6130:
5823:
5758:
5140:
4716:
4189:
3711:
2442:
8119:
7937:
7642:
7394:
7207:
7083:
6695:
6677:
6505:
6199:
6190:
5832:
4570:
3362:
2019:
2012:
711:
409:). Other traits that separate the Caniformia from the Feliformia is that caniforms have longer
8114:
7819:
7074:
7056:
7047:
7038:
6523:
6514:
5886:
4656:
4647:
4638:
4587:
4525:
4507:
4498:
4435:
4384:
4222:
4213:
2650:
425:, are more specialized for eating meat. Caniforms have single-chambered or partially divided
8106:
5841:
5737:
2100:
8160:
8010:
7984:
7975:
7660:
7561:
7520:
7234:
6745:
6473:
5799:
4864:
4614:
4605:
4561:
4516:
4139:
3645:
3380:
3206:
2323:
2268:
2255:
Hammond, J. A.; Hauton, C.; Bennett, K. A.; Hall, A. J. (2012). Nikolaidis, Nikolas (ed.).
841:
777:
434:
2417:
2056:
1300:
8:
7900:
7846:
7618:
7065:
6951:
6933:
6778:
6627:
6532:
5782:
5728:
5477:
5219:
5210:
4474:
3747:
3729:
3584:
3433:
2936:
1274:
765:
539:
394:
4970:
2327:
2272:
1980:"Two new carnivores from an unusual late Tertiary forest biota in eastern North America"
1439:
457:
8155:
7715:
6942:
6464:
6154:
5877:
5850:
5113:
4855:
4707:
3810:
3702:
3602:
3542:
2927:
2863:
2540:
2435:
2347:
2291:
2256:
2188:
2129:
2102:
1956:
1931:
1930:
Eizirik E.; Murphy W.J.; Koepfli K.P.; Johnson W.E.; Dragoo J.W.; O'Brien S.J. (2010).
1834:
1826:
438:
165:
656:, they all possess teeth adapted for eating flesh, including the presence of shearing
8101:
7997:
7594:
7511:
7291:
6787:
6754:
5678:
5185:
4907:
4689:
4543:
4417:
4301:
3654:
3484:
3442:
3389:
3169:
3151:
2909:
2396:
2388:
2339:
2296:
2234:
2180:
2134:
2060:
2023:
1961:
1903:
1838:
1789:
2192:
1727:
237:
7989:
7873:
7706:
6984:
6414:
5704:
5486:
5236:
4426:
4325:
4109:
4100:
3684:
3475:
3466:
3260:
3251:
2809:
2378:
2351:
2331:
2286:
2276:
2224:
2170:
2162:
2124:
2114:
2052:
1951:
1943:
1818:
598:
414:
361:("cat-like" carnivorans), the center of diversification of which was in Africa and
2042:
523:. The dog is the most diverse of all mammals in terms of body structure variants.
468:
8002:
7891:
7882:
7810:
7765:
7427:
7377:
7368:
7243:
7189:
7133:
7002:
6975:
6868:
6686:
6645:
6610:
6355:
5418:
5131:
5098:
5089:
4596:
4334:
3783:
3233:
3160:
3118:
2854:
2659:
2593:
2570:
2281:
2254:
1897:
1246:
1164:
1136:
1108:
891:
852:
810:
732:
621:
426:
374:
8080:
1947:
8036:
8023:
7864:
7783:
7585:
7332:
7225:
7198:
6251:
5868:
5468:
5332:
5015:
4552:
4534:
4465:
4076:
4067:
3669:
3630:
2584:
2496:
1115:
949:
856:
837:
272:
2229:
2212:
8149:
7828:
7724:
7697:
7323:
7021:
6966:
6488:
6432:
6173:
5814:
5269:
4831:
3996:
3963:
3765:
3756:
3693:
3593:
3551:
3403:
2996:
2392:
1929:
1151:
956:
896:
675:
645:
586:
520:
485:
266:
62:
4453:
4265:
2383:
2366:
2119:
735:), more dog-like faces, and the ability to turn their rear flippers forward.
7960:
7855:
7801:
7502:
7270:
7216:
6993:
6892:
6447:
6423:
6242:
6233:
6053:
6020:
5943:
5904:
5314:
5296:
5158:
5030:
4489:
3890:
3853:
3738:
3720:
3133:
3079:
3005:
2683:
2427:
2400:
2343:
2300:
2238:
2210:
2184:
2138:
2101:
Higdon, J. W.; Bininda-Emonds, O. R.; Beck, R. M.; Ferguson, S. H. (2007).
1965:
1767:
1463:
1367:
1180:
1157:
1086:
757:
748:. A large (2,000 kg or 4,400 lb), distinctive pinniped with long
688:
551:
481:
473:
158:
2064:
113:
7969:
7469:
6660:
6577:
6550:
6299:
6213:
6145:
6071:
6062:
6029:
5987:
5952:
5669:
5562:
5394:
4934:
4846:
4754:
4399:
3972:
3792:
3457:
3371:
3354:
3331:
3294:
3178:
3142:
2987:
2776:
2631:
2510:
2313:
2211:
Flynn, J. J.; Finarelli, J. A.; Zehr, S.; Hsu, J.; Nedbal, M. A. (2005).
2151:
1619:
1556:
1434:
1104:
1052:
941:
707:
680:
633:
535:
402:
289:
134:
37:
2335:
488:
molecular analysis. Terrestrial caniforms in the wild are found on all
357:. Caniformia stands in contrast to the other suborder of Carnivora, the
7678:
6924:
6855:
6842:
6809:
6595:
6333:
6093:
5641:
5618:
5504:
5495:
5444:
5409:
5385:
5149:
5048:
4997:
4943:
4925:
4898:
4805:
4154:
4127:
4055:
4038:
3801:
3774:
3620:
3524:
3508:
3344:
3224:
3064:
2900:
2767:
2559:
2527:
2511:
2166:
1830:
1639:
1571:
1511:
1491:
1218:
1203:
1196:
1188:
1093:
1078:
761:
741:
657:
547:
527:
489:
461:
446:
422:
358:
338:
334:
281:
154:
150:
146:
138:
82:
47:
2175:
7609:
7544:
7157:
7097:
6883:
6704:
6319:
6311:
6260:
6110:
5996:
5978:
5692:
5526:
5359:
5201:
5167:
4979:
4671:
3945:
3415:
2891:
2459:
1591:
1410:
1341:
1270:
1239:
1228:
1214:
1071:
1067:
1005:
879:
871:
749:
728:
724:
720:
653:
629:
616:
604:
562:
558:
504:
493:
390:
382:
310:
254:
222:
182:
142:
87:
31:
7931:
1822:
534:(30–60 kilograms (66–132 lb) in males) and from the endangered
7954:
7306:
6769:
6586:
6562:
5923:
5773:
5719:
5655:
5650:
5603:
5535:
5453:
5323:
5072:
5063:
4961:
4916:
4796:
4629:
4366:
4275:
4244:
4204:
4091:
4023:
3931:
3922:
3242:
3038:
2791:
2674:
2641:
2490:
2478:
1421:
1353:
1295:
1235:
1029:
982:
974:
920:
868:
819:
773:
703:
664:
637:
582:
531:
418:
350:
342:
306:
202:
103:
77:
72:
57:
52:
42:
8015:
7688:
7535:
7409:
7124:
6636:
5966:
5432:
4988:
4952:
4819:
4787:
4771:
4284:
3987:
3566:
3047:
2954:
2872:
2800:
2742:
2719:
2612:
2080:"Basicranial evidence for ursid affinity of the oldest pinnipeds"
1383:
1323:
1036:
989:
900:
883:
875:
827:
769:
756:, the walrus has a discontinuous circumpolar distribution in the
668:
500:
442:
406:
386:
354:
330:
314:
260:
130:
126:
92:
67:
7792:
7739:
7484:
7172:
6906:
5626:
5287:
5122:
4879:
4316:
3088:
3014:
2963:
2945:
2918:
2839:
2701:
2484:
2472:
2365:
Law, Chris J.; Slater, Graham J.; Mehta, Rita S. (2018-01-01).
1207:
1097:
1013:
823:
805:
801:
745:
710:), to 2,400 kg (5,300 lb) and 5 m (16 ft) (
692:
641:
610:
574:
543:
512:
430:
421:
and opportunistic feeding, while the feliforms, other than the
378:
346:
212:
192:
99:
530:(350–680 kilograms (770–1,500 lb) in males) to the small
7774:
7633:
7576:
7449:
7252:
7109:
6736:
6718:
6341:
6011:
5260:
5245:
3906:
3197:
2692:
1082:
904:
753:
593:
578:
570:
566:
2077:
7148:
6044:
5369:
5305:
2978:
2710:
2568:
1040:
831:
691:
from other caniforms 50 million years ago (Mya) during the
678:
which is closely related to an extinct group of pinnipeds,
326:
318:
5278:
4887:
3215:
1770:. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
993:
800:
Caniforms first appeared as tree-climbing, superficially
784:
652:
predominantly carnivorous. While not all share identical
557:
Family
Ailuridae consists today of a single species, the
516:
508:
410:
401:
have retractile or semi-retractile claws) and tend to be
398:
373:
Most members of this group have nonretractile claws (the
322:
2084:
Proceedings of the San Diego
Society of Natural History
6109:
3505:
791:
is the earliest known member of the order
Carnivora.
698:
The clade is currently divided into three families:
624:, four species). The two skunk species in the genus
714:). Phocids are found throughout the world's oceans.
313:consisting of "dog-like" carnivorans. They include
2011:
878:epochs, a transitional period between the warmer
585:. Fossil species of the family are also found in
8147:
3905:
1817:(222). The American Society of Mammalogists: 3.
1805:
445:is usually longer in the Caniformia than in the
1284: Caniformia
496:are distributed throughout the world's oceans.
2364:
2009:
818:was probably a very agile forest dweller that
441:are always absent. Relative to body size, the
4769:
2610:
2443:
1725:
903:suggests a different scenario. Like a modern
2457:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2010:Russell, James (1984). Macdonald, D. (ed.).
2094:
2630:
2450:
2436:
2307:
1895:
1891:
1889:
602:(hooded and striped skunks, two species),
546:, a tough member of the grass family. The
112:
6853:
3342:
2525:
2382:
2290:
2280:
2250:
2248:
2228:
2199:
2174:
2128:
2118:
1955:
1806:Roberts, M. S.; Gittleman, J. L. (1984).
744:currently includes a single species, the
5199:
2358:
1866:
851:
836:
783:
492:with the exception of Antarctica, while
467:
456:
4273:
3036:
2557:
2078:Hunt, R. M. Jr.; Barnes, L. G. (1994).
1886:
671:that adapted to more omnivorous diets.
8148:
7366:
5602:
2245:
1740:
413:and more teeth, with less specialized
7936:
7935:
6840:
6297:
5601:
4753:
3888:
3329:
2509:
2431:
2057:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040189
1936:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
8042:244b0c2b-e8ea-4287-aa62-b28f025e294f
2145:
2018:. New York: Facts on File. pp.
3820:South African small-spotted genet (
2003:
889:. However, discovery of the fossil
13:
822:on smaller animals, such as small
464:, the largest terrestrial caniform
452:
14:
8177:
8166:Extant Lutetian first appearances
4164:Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (
2411:
926:
614:(stink badgers, two species) and
3889:
1642:
1622:
1594:
1574:
1514:
1494:
1466:
1438:
1386:
1326:
1299:
919:has been assigned to a clade of
608:(spotted skunks, four species),
169:
35:
6298:
3330:
2071:
2045:Molecular Biology and Evolution
2036:
636:; all other skunks inhabit the
499:Family Canidae (dogs and other
6841:
1972:
1923:
1860:
1799:
1782:
1760:
1734:
1719:
417:. They also tend more towards
368:
1:
3576:Malabar large-spotted civet (
1712:
472:The smallest caniform is the
121:All extant caniform families
7838:Indonesian mountain weasel (
7494:North American river otter (
6382:Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (
3436:Macrogalidia musschenbroekii
2282:10.1371/journal.pone.0035395
1902:. Cornell University Press.
1264:
795:
7:
4699:Somalian slender mongoose (
2014:The Encyclopedia of Mammals
1948:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.033
405:(with the exception of the
10:
8182:
7652:Asian small-clawed otter (
6391:American hog-nosed skunk (
6373:Molina's hog-nosed skunk (
4681:Angolan slender mongoose (
4376:Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (
3425:Small-toothed palm civet (
7944:
7737:
7686:
7677:
7631:
7607:
7574:
7557:
7533:
7482:
7465:
7448:
7419:Saharan striped polecat (
7407:
7390:
7349:
7304:
7287:
7278:
7269:
7170:
7146:
7122:
7105:
7096:
7019:
6964:
6922:
6905:
6881:
6864:
6849:
6836:
6808:
6767:
6734:
6717:
6658:
6608:
6575:
6558:
6549:
6486:
6445:
6412:
6400:Striped hog-nosed skunk (
6353:
6332:
6310:
6306:
6293:
6229:
6212:
6171:
6143:
6131:Mediterranean monk seal (
6126:
6092:
6042:
6009:
5974:
5965:
5939:
5922:
5903:
5860:Juan Fernández fur seal (
5824:South American fur seal (
5812:
5795:
5771:
5759:South American sea lion (
5754:
5717:
5700:
5691:
5667:
5639:
5617:
5613:
5597:
5561:
5534:
5525:
5466:
5440:
5431:
5407:
5383:
5368:
5357:
5258:
5232:
5184:
5141:South American gray fox (
5111:
5085:
5061:
5044:
5029:
5014:
4877:
4844:
4827:
4818:
4785:
4765:
4749:
4717:Common slender mongoose (
4669:
4627:
4583:
4487:
4461:
4452:
4397:
4364:
4347:
4314:
4297:
4264:
4243:
4202:
4190:Narrow-striped mongoose (
4185:
4152:
4135:
4126:
4089:
4063:
4054:
4037:
4021:
3985:
3959:
3944:
3920:
3901:
3897:
3884:
3852:
3848:
3712:Crested servaline genet (
3667:
3628:
3619:
3564:
3538:
3523:
3501:
3455:
3411:
3402:
3353:
3338:
3325:
3293:
3195:
3131:
3114:
3105:
3077:
3060:
3027:
2976:
2889:
2852:
2835:
2826:
2789:
2765:
2756:
2740:
2672:
2639:
2626:
2606:
2553:
2536:
2521:
2505:
2467:
2230:10.1080/10635150590923326
1637:
1617:
1609:
1589:
1569:
1561:
1509:
1489:
1481:
1461:
1453:
1432:
1425:
1415:
1381:
1365:
1358:
1346:
1321:
1314:
1293:
1286:
936:("dog-like" carnivorans)
550:has some adaptations for
433:. In the Caniformia, the
250:
245:
166:Scientific classification
164:
120:
111:
23:
7775:Stoat/Beringian ermine (
7643:African clawless otter (
7395:African striped weasel (
7208:Yellow-throated marten (
7084:Formosan ferret-badger (
6788:Western mountain coati (
6779:Eastern mountain coati (
6696:Western lowland olingo (
6678:Eastern lowland olingo (
6506:Southern spotted skunk (
6200:Southern elephant seal (
6191:Northern elephant seal (
5981:Pagophilus groenlandicus
4758:("dog-like" carnivorans)
4571:Stripe-necked mongoose (
4192:Mungotictis decemlineata
3067:Herpailurus yagouaroundi
2514:("cat-like" carnivorans)
2107:BMC Evolutionary Biology
804:-like carnivores in the
7820:Yellow-bellied weasel (
7075:Burmese ferret-badger (
7057:Chinese ferret-badger (
7048:Bornean ferret badger (
7039:Vietnam ferret-badger (
6524:Eastern spotted skunk (
6515:Western spotted skunk (
6245:Leptonychotes weddellii
5887:Subantarctic fur seal (
5833:Australasian fur seal (
4657:Black-footed mongoose (
4639:Bushy-tailed mongoose (
4588:White-tailed mongoose (
4526:Indian brown mongoose (
4508:Short-tailed mongoose (
4499:Small Indian mongoose (
4436:Flat-headed kusimanse (
4409:Alexander's kusimanse (
4385:Common dwarf mongoose (
4352:Pousargues's mongoose (
4214:Brown-tailed mongoose (
4173:Grandidier's mongoose (
3427:Arctogalidia trivirgata
2651:Sunda clouded leopard (
2120:10.1186/1471-2148-7-216
7661:Congo clawless otter (
7564:Hydrictis maculicollis
7562:Spotted-necked otter (
7521:Southern river otter (
7472:Pteronura brasiliensis
7235:European pine marten (
6746:South American coati (
6474:Palawan stink badger (
5800:New Zealand sea lion (
4865:Japanese raccoon dog (
4562:Crab-eating mongoose (
4517:Indian grey mongoose (
4140:Ring-tailed vontsira (
3951:(bone-crushing hyenas)
3646:Central African oyan (
3207:Chinese mountain cat (
1726:Basic Biology (2015).
864:
849:
792:
712:southern elephant seal
552:ant and termite eating
477:
465:
8115:Paleobiology Database
7901:Back-striped weasel (
7847:Black-footed ferret (
7619:Smooth-coated otter (
7397:Poecilogale albinucha
7066:Javan ferret-badger (
6952:Sumatran hog badger (
6934:Northern hog badger (
6628:Crab-eating raccoon (
6533:Pygmy spotted skunk (
6254:Lobodon carcinophagus
5990:Histriophoca fasciata
5783:Australian sea lion (
5729:California sea lion (
5478:American black bear (
5220:Black-backed jackal (
5211:Side-striped jackal (
5051:Chrysocyon brachyurus
4475:Long-nosed mongoose (
3748:Rusty-spotted genet (
3585:Large-spotted civet (
3434:Sulawesi palm civet (
3363:Owston's palm civet (
2937:Andean mountain cat (
2384:10.1093/sysbio/syx047
1869:"Bassariscus astutus"
1867:Goldberg, J. (2003).
1796:. OCLC 30436543. p11.
855:
840:
787:
565:, including southern
471:
460:
8037:Fauna Europaea (new)
7716:Long-tailed weasel (
7294:Lyncodon patagonicus
6943:Greater hog badger (
6465:Sunda stink badger (
6155:Hawaiian monk seal (
5878:Guadalupe fur seal (
5851:Antarctic fur seal (
5842:Galápagos fur seal (
5738:Galápagos sea lion (
4856:Common raccoon dog (
4708:Cape gray mongoose (
4648:Jackson's mongoose (
4608:Paracynictis selousi
4599:Cynictis penicillata
4223:Durrell's vontsira (
3811:Giant forest genet (
3603:Large Indian civet (
3543:Small Indian civet (
3152:Sunda leopard cat (
2928:Southern tiger cat (
2864:African golden cat (
2541:African palm civet (
1873:Animal Diversity Web
1747:Animal Diversity Web
842:New Zealand sea lion
778:marine invertebrates
768:. It is primarily a
435:bulbourethral glands
123:(from left to right)
7759:M. aistoodonnivalis
7595:Hairy-nosed otter (
7512:Neotropical otter (
7292:Patagonian weasel (
6755:White-nosed coati (
5955:Cystophora cristata
5946:Erignathus barbatus
5679:Northern fur seal (
5456:Helarctos malayanus
5092:Atelocynus microtis
4799:U. cinereoargenteus
4690:Egyptian mongoose (
4617:Rhynchogale melleri
4615:Meller's mongoose (
4606:Selous's mongoose (
4590:Ichneumia albicauda
4544:Collared mongoose (
4418:Angolan kusimanse (
4302:Liberian mongoose (
3655:West African oyan (
3554:Civettictis civetta
3485:Golden palm civet (
3443:Masked palm civet (
3418:Arctictis binturong
3392:Hemigalus derbyanus
3390:Banded palm civet (
3381:Hose's palm civet (
3170:Rusty-spotted cat (
2336:10.1038/nature07985
2328:2009Natur.458.1021R
2273:2012PLoSO...735395H
1896:R. F. Ewer (1973).
1615:
1567:
1559:
1487:
1459:
1413:
1356:
1344:
1275:molecular phylogeny
766:Northern Hemisphere
538:to the very common
16:Suborder of mammals
7874:European polecat (
7707:Colombian weasel (
7357:(African polecats)
6985:Caucasian badger (
6913:(Eurasian badgers)
6363:(hog-nosed skunks)
6100:("southern seals")
5999:Halichoerus grypus
5930:("northern seals")
5802:Phocarctos hookeri
5707:Eumetopias jubatus
5705:Steller sea lion (
5487:Asian black bear (
5237:African wild dog (
5191:(wolf-like canids)
4468:Atilax paludinosus
4427:Common kusimanse (
4354:Dologale dybowskii
4326:Gambian mongoose (
4110:Western falanouc (
4101:Eastern falanouc (
4070:Cryptoprocta ferox
3975:Parahyaena brunnea
3730:Johnston's genet (
3685:Abyssinian genet (
3637:(African linsangs)
3545:Viverricula indica
3476:Brown palm civet (
3467:Asian palm civet (
3374:Cynogale bennettii
3365:Chrotogale owstoni
3261:European wildcat (
3252:Black-footed cat (
2842:Leptailurus serval
2810:Asian golden cat (
2576:(Asiatic linsangs)
2371:Systematic Biology
2217:Systematic Biology
2167:10.2108/zsj.23.125
2155:Zoological Science
1741:Rhines, C (2003).
1555:
1409:
1352:
1340:
865:
850:
846:Phocarctos hookeri
793:
478:
466:
439:vesicula seminalis
8143:
8142:
8102:Open Tree of Life
7938:Taxon identifiers
7929:
7928:
7925:
7924:
7921:
7920:
7917:
7916:
7913:
7912:
7892:Siberian weasel (
7883:American ermine (
7811:Japanese weasel (
7766:Mountain weasel (
7750:
7673:
7672:
7459:
7444:
7443:
7440:
7439:
7428:Striped polecat (
7378:Marbled polecat (
7360:
7345:
7344:
7317:
7265:
7264:
7244:Japanese marten (
7190:American marten (
7183:
7041:M. cucphuongensis
7032:
7015:
7014:
7003:European badger (
6976:Japanese badger (
6916:
6869:American badger (
6832:
6831:
6828:
6827:
6804:
6803:
6800:
6799:
6728:
6687:Northern olingo (
6671:
6646:Cozumel raccoon (
6621:
6545:
6544:
6499:
6458:
6366:
6347:
6289:
6288:
6285:
6284:
6281:
6280:
6277:
6276:
6273:
6272:
6263:Ommatophoca rossi
6236:Hydrurga leptonyx
6223:
6220:(Antarctic seals)
6193:M. angustirostris
6184:
6167:
6166:
6133:Monachus monachus
6120:
6103:
6088:
6087:
6084:
6083:
5933:
5916:
5899:
5898:
5761:Otaria flavescens
5750:
5749:
5661:
5629:Odobenus rosmarus
5593:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5581:
5580:
5544:
5521:
5520:
5517:
5516:
5419:Spectacled bear (
5377:
5353:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5193:
5180:
5179:
5099:Crab-eating fox (
5090:Short-eared dog (
5038:
5023:
5010:
5009:
4892:
4834:Otocyon megalotis
4778:
4745:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4597:Yellow mongoose (
4448:
4447:
4335:Banded mongoose (
4304:Liberiictus kuhni
4258:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4122:
4121:
4048:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4008:
3953:
3914:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3784:Servaline genet (
3703:Bourlon's genet (
3678:
3639:
3615:
3614:
3497:
3496:
3469:P. hermaphroditus
3321:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3234:African wildcat (
3191:
3190:
3161:Flat-headed cat (
3101:
3100:
2885:
2884:
2822:
2821:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2660:Clouded leopard (
2619:
2594:Spotted linsang (
2578:
2543:Nandinia binotata
2322:(7241): 1021–24.
1909:978-0-8014-8493-3
1815:Mammalian Species
1808:"Ailurus fulgens"
1794:978-1-56294-418-6
1768:"American Marten"
1743:"Martes pennanti"
1709:
1708:
1700:
1699:
1691:
1690:
1682:
1681:
1673:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1655:
1654:
1545:
1544:
1536:
1535:
1527:
1526:
1399:
1398:
964:Superinfraorder:
309:within the order
300:
299:
241:
106:
8173:
8136:
8135:
8123:
8122:
8110:
8109:
8097:
8096:
8084:
8083:
8081:NHMSYS0021053565
8071:
8070:
8058:
8057:
8045:
8044:
8032:
8031:
8019:
8018:
8006:
8005:
7993:
7992:
7980:
7979:
7978:
7965:
7964:
7963:
7933:
7932:
7865:Malayan weasel (
7784:Steppe polecat (
7757:Sichuan weasel (
7749:
7748:
7744:
7684:
7683:
7621:L. perspicillata
7586:Eurasian otter (
7463:
7462:
7458:
7457:
7453:
7364:
7363:
7359:
7358:
7354:
7333:Greater grison (
7316:
7315:
7311:
7285:
7284:
7276:
7275:
7226:Nilgiri marten (
7199:Pacific marten (
7182:
7181:
7177:
7103:
7102:
7086:M. subaurantiaca
7031:
7030:
7029:(ferret-badgers)
7026:
6920:
6919:
6915:
6914:
6910:
6862:
6861:
6851:
6850:
6838:
6837:
6732:
6731:
6727:
6726:
6722:
6670:
6669:
6665:
6620:
6619:
6615:
6556:
6555:
6498:
6497:
6496:(spotted skunks)
6493:
6457:
6456:
6452:
6365:
6364:
6360:
6351:
6350:
6346:
6345:
6337:
6308:
6307:
6295:
6294:
6252:Crabeater seal (
6227:
6226:
6222:
6221:
6217:
6183:
6182:
6181:(elephant seals)
6178:
6157:N. schauinslandi
6124:
6123:
6119:
6118:
6114:
6107:
6106:
6102:
6101:
6097:
5972:
5971:
5937:
5936:
5932:
5931:
5927:
5920:
5919:
5915:
5914:
5908:
5869:Brown fur seal (
5844:A. galapagoensis
5731:Z. californianus
5698:
5697:
5665:
5664:
5660:
5659:
5645:
5615:
5614:
5607:
5599:
5598:
5543:
5542:
5538:
5532:
5531:
5447:Melursus ursinus
5438:
5437:
5381:
5380:
5376:
5373:
5366:
5365:
5333:Ethiopian wolf (
5197:
5196:
5192:
5189:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5034:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5019:
4908:Blanford's fox (
4891:
4884:
4825:
4824:
4783:
4782:
4777:
4774:
4767:
4766:
4759:
4751:
4750:
4553:Ruddy mongoose (
4535:Javan mongoose (
4466:Marsh mongoose (
4459:
4458:
4438:C. platycephalus
4271:
4270:
4262:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4133:
4132:
4077:Malagasy civet (
4061:
4060:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4042:
4035:
4034:
4030:
3957:
3956:
3952:
3949:
3918:
3917:
3913:
3910:
3903:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3886:
3885:
3850:
3849:
3677:
3674:
3638:
3635:
3626:
3625:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3521:
3520:
3516:
3503:
3502:
3409:
3408:
3351:
3350:
3340:
3339:
3327:
3326:
3121:Otocolobus manul
3112:
3111:
3034:
3033:
2910:Geoffroy's cat (
2833:
2832:
2763:
2762:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2637:
2636:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2615:
2608:
2607:
2585:Banded linsang (
2577:
2574:
2566:
2565:
2555:
2554:
2534:
2533:
2523:
2522:
2515:
2507:
2506:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2429:
2428:
2405:
2404:
2386:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2294:
2284:
2252:
2243:
2242:
2232:
2208:
2197:
2196:
2178:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2132:
2122:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2017:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1991:
1985:. Archived from
1984:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1959:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1893:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1847:
1841:. Archived from
1812:
1803:
1797:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1723:
1646:
1626:
1612:
1611:
1598:
1578:
1564:
1563:
1518:
1498:
1484:
1483:
1470:
1456:
1455:
1442:
1428:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1390:
1361:
1360:
1349:
1348:
1330:
1317:
1316:
1303:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1280:
774:bivalve mollusks
622:hog-nosed skunks
415:carnassial teeth
236:
174:
173:
116:
98:
97:
34:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
8181:
8180:
8176:
8175:
8174:
8172:
8171:
8170:
8146:
8145:
8144:
8139:
8131:
8126:
8118:
8113:
8105:
8100:
8092:
8087:
8079:
8074:
8066:
8061:
8053:
8048:
8040:
8035:
8027:
8022:
8014:
8009:
8001:
7996:
7988:
7983:
7974:
7973:
7968:
7959:
7958:
7953:
7940:
7930:
7909:
7885:M. richardsonii
7829:European mink (
7746:
7745:
7743:
7733:
7725:American mink (
7698:Amazon weasel (
7669:
7627:
7603:
7570:
7553:
7529:
7478:
7455:
7454:
7452:
7436:
7403:
7386:
7356:
7355:
7353:
7341:
7324:Lesser grison (
7313:
7312:
7310:
7300:
7261:
7179:
7178:
7176:
7166:
7142:
7118:
7092:
7028:
7027:
7025:
7011:
6960:
6912:
6911:
6909:
6901:
6877:
6858:
6845:
6824:
6796:
6763:
6724:
6723:
6721:
6713:
6667:
6666:
6664:
6654:
6617:
6616:
6614:
6604:
6571:
6541:
6508:S. angustifrons
6495:
6494:
6492:
6482:
6455:(stink badgers)
6454:
6453:
6451:
6441:
6433:Striped skunk (
6408:
6402:C. semistriatus
6362:
6361:
6359:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6328:
6322:Ailurus fulgens
6302:
6269:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6208:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6163:
6139:
6116:
6115:
6113:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6080:
6038:
6005:
5961:
5929:
5928:
5926:
5912:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5895:
5808:
5791:
5767:
5746:
5713:
5687:
5654:
5649:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5609:
5605:
5577:
5557:
5540:
5539:
5513:
5462:
5427:
5403:
5374:
5372:
5362:
5341:
5270:Golden jackal (
5254:
5228:
5190:
5188:
5176:
5107:
5101:Cerdocyon thous
5081:
5057:
5035:
5033:
5020:
5018:
5006:
4971:Rüppell's fox (
4885:
4883:
4873:
4858:N. procyonoides
4840:
4832:Bat-eared fox (
4814:
4779:
4775:
4761:
4757:
4725:
4710:H. pulverulenta
4665:
4623:
4579:
4546:U. semitorquata
4501:U. auropunctata
4483:
4444:
4393:
4360:
4343:
4310:
4293:
4255:
4253:
4248:
4247:
4231:
4198:
4181:
4148:
4142:Galidia elegans
4118:
4085:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4031:
4026:
4005:
3997:Spotted hyena (
3981:
3964:Striped hyena (
3950:
3948:
3940:
3911:
3909:
3893:
3868:
3828:
3766:Aquatic genet (
3757:Pardine genet (
3694:Angolan genet (
3675:
3673:
3663:
3648:P. richardsonii
3636:
3634:
3611:
3594:Malayan civet (
3560:
3552:African civet (
3528:
3527:
3517:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3493:
3451:
3398:
3383:Diplogale hosei
3347:
3334:
3309:
3269:
3187:
3127:
3107:
3097:
3073:
3056:
3029:
3023:
2997:Eurasian lynx (
2972:
2881:
2848:
2828:
2818:
2785:
2758:
2750:
2745:
2728:
2668:
2620:
2616:
2602:
2575:
2562:
2549:
2530:
2517:
2513:
2501:
2463:
2456:
2414:
2409:
2408:
2363:
2359:
2312:
2308:
2253:
2246:
2209:
2200:
2150:
2146:
2099:
2095:
2076:
2072:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2008:
2004:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1928:
1924:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1894:
1887:
1877:
1875:
1865:
1861:
1851:
1849:
1848:on May 15, 2013
1845:
1823:10.2307/3503840
1810:
1804:
1800:
1787:
1783:
1773:
1771:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1749:
1739:
1735:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1701:
1692:
1683:
1674:
1665:
1656:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1400:
1267:
1247:Desmatophocidae
1165:Pinnipediformes
1137:Pinnipedimorpha
929:
892:Puijila darwini
811:Miacis cognitus
808:around 42 Mya.
798:
455:
453:Extant families
427:auditory bullae
371:
235:
168:
107:
96:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8179:
8169:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8141:
8140:
8138:
8137:
8124:
8111:
8098:
8085:
8072:
8059:
8046:
8033:
8024:Fauna Europaea
8020:
8007:
7994:
7981:
7966:
7950:
7948:
7942:
7941:
7927:
7926:
7923:
7922:
7919:
7918:
7915:
7914:
7911:
7910:
7908:
7907:
7903:M. strigidorsa
7898:
7889:
7880:
7871:
7862:
7856:Least weasel (
7853:
7844:
7835:
7826:
7817:
7808:
7802:Haida ermine (
7799:
7790:
7786:M. eversmannii
7781:
7772:
7763:
7753:
7751:
7735:
7734:
7732:
7731:
7722:
7713:
7704:
7694:
7692:
7681:
7675:
7674:
7671:
7670:
7668:
7667:
7658:
7649:
7639:
7637:
7629:
7628:
7626:
7625:
7615:
7613:
7605:
7604:
7602:
7601:
7592:
7582:
7580:
7572:
7571:
7569:
7568:
7558:
7555:
7554:
7552:
7551:
7541:
7539:
7531:
7530:
7528:
7527:
7518:
7514:L. longicaudis
7509:
7503:Marine otter (
7500:
7490:
7488:
7480:
7479:
7477:
7476:
7466:
7460:
7446:
7445:
7442:
7441:
7438:
7437:
7435:
7434:
7425:
7415:
7413:
7405:
7404:
7402:
7401:
7391:
7388:
7387:
7385:
7384:
7374:
7372:
7361:
7347:
7346:
7343:
7342:
7340:
7339:
7330:
7320:
7318:
7302:
7301:
7299:
7298:
7288:
7282:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7259:
7250:
7241:
7232:
7223:
7217:Beech marten (
7214:
7205:
7196:
7186:
7184:
7168:
7167:
7165:
7164:
7154:
7152:
7144:
7143:
7141:
7140:
7130:
7128:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7116:
7106:
7100:
7094:
7093:
7091:
7090:
7081:
7072:
7063:
7054:
7045:
7035:
7033:
7017:
7016:
7013:
7012:
7010:
7009:
7000:
6994:Asian badger (
6991:
6982:
6972:
6970:
6962:
6961:
6959:
6958:
6949:
6940:
6936:A. albogularis
6930:
6928:
6917:
6903:
6902:
6900:
6899:
6893:Honey badger (
6889:
6887:
6879:
6878:
6876:
6875:
6865:
6859:
6854:
6847:
6846:
6834:
6833:
6830:
6829:
6826:
6825:
6823:
6822:
6821:
6820:
6814:
6812:
6806:
6805:
6802:
6801:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6794:
6785:
6775:
6773:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6761:
6752:
6742:
6740:
6729:
6715:
6714:
6712:
6711:
6702:
6693:
6684:
6674:
6672:
6656:
6655:
6653:
6652:
6643:
6634:
6630:P. cancrivorus
6624:
6622:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6602:
6598:B. sumichrasti
6593:
6583:
6581:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6569:
6559:
6553:
6547:
6546:
6543:
6542:
6540:
6539:
6530:
6521:
6512:
6502:
6500:
6484:
6483:
6481:
6480:
6471:
6461:
6459:
6443:
6442:
6440:
6439:
6430:
6424:Hooded skunk (
6420:
6418:
6410:
6409:
6407:
6406:
6397:
6388:
6379:
6369:
6367:
6348:
6330:
6329:
6327:
6326:
6316:
6314:
6304:
6303:
6291:
6290:
6287:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6279:
6278:
6275:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6258:
6249:
6243:Weddell seal (
6240:
6234:Leopard seal (
6230:
6224:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6206:
6197:
6187:
6185:
6169:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6162:
6161:
6151:
6149:
6141:
6140:
6138:
6137:
6127:
6121:
6104:
6090:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6078:
6069:
6060:
6054:Caspian seal (
6050:
6048:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6036:
6027:
6021:Spotted seal (
6017:
6015:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6003:
5994:
5985:
5975:
5969:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5959:
5950:
5944:Bearded seal (
5940:
5934:
5917:
5913:or true seals)
5911:(earless seals
5901:
5900:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5893:
5884:
5875:
5866:
5857:
5848:
5839:
5830:
5820:
5818:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5806:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5779:
5777:
5769:
5768:
5766:
5765:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5745:
5744:
5735:
5725:
5723:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5711:
5701:
5695:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5685:
5675:
5673:
5662:
5637:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5623:
5621:
5611:
5610:
5595:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5583:
5582:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5574:
5573:
5567:
5565:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5547:
5545:
5529:
5523:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5502:
5493:
5484:
5474:
5472:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5460:
5451:
5441:
5435:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5425:
5415:
5413:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5401:
5397:A. melanoleuca
5391:
5389:
5378:
5363:
5358:
5355:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5339:
5330:
5321:
5315:Eastern wolf (
5312:
5303:
5297:African wolf (
5294:
5285:
5279:Domestic dog (
5276:
5266:
5264:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5243:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5217:
5207:
5205:
5194:
5182:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5165:
5159:Sechuran fox (
5156:
5152:L. gymnocercus
5147:
5138:
5132:Darwin's fox (
5129:
5119:
5117:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5105:
5096:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5079:
5069:
5067:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5055:
5045:
5039:
5024:
5012:
5011:
5008:
5007:
5005:
5004:
4995:
4986:
4977:
4968:
4959:
4950:
4941:
4932:
4923:
4914:
4905:
4901:V. bengalensis
4895:
4893:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4862:
4852:
4850:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4828:
4822:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4812:
4803:
4793:
4791:
4780:
4770:
4763:
4762:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4714:
4705:
4696:
4687:
4677:
4675:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4654:
4645:
4641:B. crassicauda
4635:
4633:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4612:
4603:
4594:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4568:
4559:
4550:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4514:
4505:
4495:
4493:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4472:
4462:
4456:
4450:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4433:
4424:
4415:
4405:
4403:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4382:
4372:
4370:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4332:
4322:
4320:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4281:
4279:
4268:
4259:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4229:
4220:
4210:
4208:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4175:G. grandidieri
4170:
4160:
4158:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4136:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4107:
4097:
4095:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4074:
4064:
4058:
4049:
4032:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3993:
3991:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3970:
3960:
3954:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3928:
3926:
3915:
3895:
3894:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3846:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3817:
3808:
3799:
3790:
3781:
3772:
3763:
3754:
3745:
3739:Letaba genet (
3736:
3727:
3721:Common genet (
3718:
3709:
3700:
3691:
3681:
3679:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3652:
3642:
3640:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3600:
3591:
3582:
3572:
3570:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3549:
3539:
3533:
3518:
3506:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3487:P. zeylonensis
3482:
3473:
3463:
3461:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3445:Paguma larvata
3440:
3431:
3422:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3387:
3378:
3369:
3359:
3357:
3348:
3343:
3336:
3335:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3299:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3240:
3231:
3222:
3216:Domestic cat (
3213:
3203:
3201:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3176:
3172:P. rubiginosus
3167:
3158:
3149:
3145:P. bengalensis
3139:
3137:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3119:Pallas's cat (
3115:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3085:
3083:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3044:
3042:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3012:
3006:Iberian lynx (
3003:
2994:
2984:
2982:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2961:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2925:
2916:
2907:
2897:
2895:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2870:
2860:
2858:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2807:
2797:
2795:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2773:
2771:
2760:
2751:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2717:
2708:
2699:
2690:
2684:Snow leopard (
2680:
2678:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2634:
2621:
2611:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2591:
2581:
2579:
2563:
2558:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2537:
2531:
2526:
2519:
2518:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2497:Laurasiatheria
2493:
2487:
2481:
2475:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2455:
2454:
2447:
2440:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2413:
2412:External links
2410:
2407:
2406:
2377:(1): 127–144.
2357:
2306:
2244:
2198:
2144:
2093:
2070:
2035:
2028:
2002:
1971:
1922:
1908:
1899:The Carnivores
1885:
1859:
1798:
1781:
1759:
1733:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1680:
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1676:
1675:
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1632:
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1628:
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1604:
1601:
1600:
1588:
1585:
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1580:
1568:
1562:
1560:
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1551:
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1539:
1538:
1534:
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1529:
1525:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1488:
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1476:
1473:
1472:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1416:
1414:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1347:
1345:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1279:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1261:
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1257:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1243:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1211:
1184:
1176:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1116:Incertae sedis
1112:
1101:
1090:
1075:
1064:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1025:
1001:
1000:
999:
998:
997:
970:
962:
961:
960:
950:Amphicyonoidea
945:
928:
927:Classification
925:
857:Common raccoon
797:
794:
782:
781:
737:
736:
723:(eared seals,
716:
715:
676:marine mammals
454:
451:
370:
367:
298:
297:
296:
295:
294:
293:
285:
273:Incertae sedis
269:
267:Amphicyonoidea
265:Superfamily: †
263:
257:
248:
247:
243:
242:
230:
226:
225:
220:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
200:
196:
195:
190:
186:
185:
180:
176:
175:
162:
161:
118:
117:
109:
108:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8178:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8153:
8151:
8134:
8129:
8125:
8121:
8116:
8112:
8108:
8103:
8099:
8095:
8090:
8086:
8082:
8077:
8073:
8069:
8064:
8060:
8056:
8051:
8047:
8043:
8038:
8034:
8030:
8025:
8021:
8017:
8012:
8008:
8004:
7999:
7995:
7991:
7986:
7982:
7977:
7971:
7967:
7962:
7956:
7952:
7951:
7949:
7947:
7943:
7939:
7934:
7906:
7904:
7899:
7897:
7895:
7890:
7888:
7886:
7881:
7879:
7877:
7872:
7870:
7868:
7863:
7861:
7859:
7854:
7852:
7850:
7845:
7843:
7841:
7840:M. lutreolina
7836:
7834:
7832:
7827:
7825:
7823:
7818:
7816:
7814:
7809:
7807:
7805:
7800:
7798:
7796:
7791:
7789:
7787:
7782:
7780:
7778:
7773:
7771:
7769:
7764:
7762:
7760:
7755:
7754:
7752:
7742:
7741:
7736:
7730:
7728:
7723:
7721:
7719:
7714:
7712:
7710:
7705:
7703:
7701:
7696:
7695:
7693:
7691:
7690:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7676:
7666:
7664:
7659:
7657:
7655:
7650:
7648:
7646:
7641:
7640:
7638:
7636:
7635:
7630:
7624:
7622:
7617:
7616:
7614:
7612:
7611:
7606:
7600:
7598:
7593:
7591:
7589:
7584:
7583:
7581:
7579:
7578:
7573:
7567:
7565:
7560:
7559:
7556:
7550:
7548:
7543:
7542:
7540:
7538:
7537:
7532:
7526:
7524:
7519:
7517:
7515:
7510:
7508:
7506:
7501:
7499:
7497:
7496:L. canadensis
7492:
7491:
7489:
7487:
7486:
7481:
7475:
7473:
7470:Giant otter (
7468:
7467:
7464:
7461:
7451:
7447:
7433:
7431:
7426:
7424:
7422:
7417:
7416:
7414:
7412:
7411:
7406:
7400:
7398:
7393:
7392:
7389:
7383:
7381:
7376:
7375:
7373:
7371:
7370:
7365:
7362:
7352:
7348:
7338:
7336:
7331:
7329:
7327:
7322:
7321:
7319:
7309:
7308:
7303:
7297:
7295:
7290:
7289:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7268:
7258:
7256:
7251:
7249:
7247:
7242:
7240:
7238:
7233:
7231:
7229:
7228:M. gwatkinsii
7224:
7222:
7220:
7215:
7213:
7211:
7206:
7204:
7202:
7197:
7195:
7193:
7188:
7187:
7185:
7175:
7174:
7169:
7163:
7161:
7156:
7155:
7153:
7151:
7150:
7145:
7139:
7137:
7132:
7131:
7129:
7127:
7126:
7121:
7115:
7113:
7108:
7107:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7095:
7089:
7087:
7082:
7080:
7078:
7073:
7071:
7069:
7068:M. orientalis
7064:
7062:
7060:
7055:
7053:
7051:
7046:
7044:
7042:
7037:
7036:
7034:
7024:
7023:
7018:
7008:
7006:
7001:
6999:
6997:
6992:
6990:
6988:
6983:
6981:
6979:
6974:
6973:
6971:
6969:
6968:
6963:
6957:
6955:
6950:
6948:
6946:
6941:
6939:
6937:
6932:
6931:
6929:
6927:
6926:
6921:
6918:
6908:
6904:
6898:
6896:
6891:
6890:
6888:
6886:
6885:
6880:
6874:
6872:
6871:Taxidea taxus
6867:
6866:
6863:
6860:
6857:
6852:
6848:
6844:
6839:
6835:
6818:
6817:
6816:
6815:
6813:
6811:
6807:
6793:
6791:
6786:
6784:
6782:
6781:N. meridensis
6777:
6776:
6774:
6772:
6771:
6766:
6760:
6758:
6753:
6751:
6749:
6744:
6743:
6741:
6739:
6738:
6733:
6730:
6720:
6716:
6710:
6708:
6703:
6701:
6699:
6694:
6692:
6690:
6685:
6683:
6681:
6676:
6675:
6673:
6663:
6662:
6657:
6651:
6649:
6644:
6642:
6640:
6635:
6633:
6631:
6626:
6625:
6623:
6613:
6612:
6607:
6601:
6599:
6594:
6592:
6590:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6580:
6579:
6574:
6568:
6566:
6561:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6548:
6538:
6536:
6531:
6529:
6527:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6504:
6503:
6501:
6491:
6490:
6485:
6479:
6477:
6472:
6470:
6468:
6467:M. javanensis
6463:
6462:
6460:
6450:
6449:
6444:
6438:
6436:
6431:
6429:
6427:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6417:
6416:
6411:
6405:
6403:
6398:
6396:
6394:
6393:C. leuconotus
6389:
6387:
6385:
6384:C. humboldtii
6380:
6378:
6376:
6371:
6370:
6368:
6358:
6357:
6352:
6349:
6343:
6335:
6331:
6325:
6323:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6313:
6309:
6305:
6301:
6296:
6292:
6266:
6264:
6259:
6257:
6255:
6250:
6248:
6246:
6241:
6239:
6237:
6232:
6231:
6228:
6225:
6215:
6211:
6205:
6203:
6198:
6196:
6194:
6189:
6188:
6186:
6176:
6175:
6170:
6160:
6158:
6153:
6152:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6142:
6136:
6134:
6129:
6128:
6125:
6122:
6112:
6108:
6105:
6095:
6091:
6077:
6075:
6072:Baikal seal (
6070:
6068:
6066:
6063:Ringed seal (
6061:
6059:
6057:
6052:
6051:
6049:
6047:
6046:
6041:
6035:
6033:
6030:Harbor seal (
6028:
6026:
6024:
6019:
6018:
6016:
6014:
6013:
6008:
6002:
6000:
5995:
5993:
5991:
5988:Ribbon seal (
5986:
5984:
5982:
5977:
5976:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5964:
5958:
5956:
5953:Hooded seal (
5951:
5949:
5947:
5942:
5941:
5938:
5935:
5925:
5921:
5918:
5906:
5902:
5892:
5890:
5889:A. tropicalis
5885:
5883:
5881:
5876:
5874:
5872:
5867:
5865:
5863:
5858:
5856:
5854:
5849:
5847:
5845:
5840:
5838:
5836:
5831:
5829:
5827:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5815:Arctocephalus
5811:
5805:
5803:
5798:
5797:
5794:
5788:
5786:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5776:
5775:
5770:
5764:
5762:
5757:
5756:
5753:
5743:
5741:
5740:Z. wollebaeki
5736:
5734:
5732:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5722:
5721:
5716:
5710:
5708:
5703:
5702:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5690:
5684:
5682:
5677:
5676:
5674:
5672:
5671:
5666:
5663:
5657:
5652:
5648:(eared seals:
5643:
5638:
5632:
5630:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5600:
5596:
5571:
5570:
5569:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5551:
5550:
5549:
5548:
5546:
5537:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5510:
5508:
5503:
5501:
5499:
5494:
5492:
5490:
5489:U. thibetanus
5485:
5483:
5481:
5480:U. americanus
5476:
5475:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5465:
5459:
5457:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5443:
5442:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5430:
5424:
5422:
5417:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5400:
5398:
5395:Giant panda (
5393:
5392:
5390:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5379:
5371:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5356:
5338:
5336:
5331:
5329:
5327:
5322:
5320:
5318:
5313:
5311:
5309:
5304:
5302:
5300:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5281:C. familiaris
5277:
5275:
5273:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5257:
5251:
5249:
5244:
5242:
5240:
5239:Lycaon pictus
5235:
5234:
5231:
5225:
5223:
5218:
5216:
5214:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5195:
5187:
5183:
5173:
5171:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5139:
5137:
5135:
5130:
5128:
5126:
5121:
5120:
5118:
5116:
5115:
5110:
5104:
5102:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5088:
5087:
5084:
5078:
5076:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5060:
5054:
5052:
5047:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5032:
5028:
5025:
5017:
5013:
5003:
5001:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4969:
4967:
4965:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4951:
4949:
4947:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4935:Tibetan fox (
4933:
4931:
4929:
4924:
4922:
4920:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4889:
4882:
4881:
4876:
4870:
4868:
4867:N. viverrinus
4863:
4861:
4859:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4843:
4837:
4835:
4830:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4817:
4811:
4809:
4808:U. littoralis
4804:
4802:
4800:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4784:
4781:
4773:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4752:
4748:
4722:
4720:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4706:
4704:
4702:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4688:
4686:
4684:
4683:H. flavescens
4679:
4678:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4662:
4660:
4655:
4653:
4651:
4646:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4631:
4626:
4620:
4618:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4586:
4585:
4582:
4576:
4574:
4573:U. vitticolla
4569:
4567:
4565:
4560:
4558:
4556:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4533:
4531:
4529:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4506:
4504:
4502:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4480:
4478:
4477:Xenogale naso
4473:
4471:
4469:
4464:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4441:
4439:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4363:
4357:
4355:
4350:
4349:
4346:
4340:
4338:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4318:
4313:
4307:
4305:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4290:
4288:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4260:
4251:
4250:sensu stricto
4246:
4242:
4228:
4226:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4201:
4195:
4193:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4178:
4176:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4145:
4143:
4138:
4137:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4115:
4113:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4093:
4088:
4082:
4080:
4079:Fossa fossana
4075:
4073:
4071:
4066:
4065:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4020:
4002:
4000:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3984:
3978:
3976:
3973:Brown hyena (
3971:
3969:
3967:
3966:Hyaena hyaena
3962:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3947:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3916:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3887:
3883:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3825:
3823:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3793:Hausa genet (
3791:
3789:
3787:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3746:
3744:
3742:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3728:
3726:
3724:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3696:G. angolensis
3692:
3690:
3688:
3687:G. abyssinica
3683:
3682:
3680:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3660:
3658:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3608:
3606:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3596:V. tangalunga
3592:
3590:
3588:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3530:sensu stricto
3526:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3500:
3490:
3488:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3448:
3446:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3404:Paradoxurinae
3401:
3395:
3393:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3372:Otter civet (
3370:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3266:
3264:
3263:F. silvestris
3259:
3257:
3255:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3184:
3182:
3181:P. viverrinus
3179:Fishing cat (
3177:
3175:
3173:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3154:P. javanensis
3150:
3148:
3146:
3143:Leopard cat (
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3124:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3104:
3094:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3063:
3062:
3059:
3053:
3051:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3032:
3026:
3020:
3018:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2990:L. canadensis
2988:Canada lynx (
2986:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2917:
2915:
2913:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2878:
2876:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2845:
2843:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2825:
2815:
2813:
2812:C. temminckii
2808:
2806:
2804:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2777:Marbled cat (
2775:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2761:
2755:
2752:
2748:
2747:sensu stricto
2744:
2739:
2725:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2614:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2596:P. pardicolor
2592:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2556:
2552:
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2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2267:(4): e35395.
2266:
2262:
2258:
2251:
2249:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2223:(2): 317–37.
2222:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2161:(2): 125–46.
2160:
2156:
2148:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2097:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2039:
2031:
2029:0-87196-871-1
2025:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2006:
1992:on 2007-09-30
1988:
1981:
1975:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1926:
1911:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1890:
1874:
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1863:
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1809:
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1471:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1436:
1435:Enaliarctidae
1430:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1395:
1394:
1391:
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1369:
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1355:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1339:
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1335:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1297:
1296:Amphicyonidae
1291:
1290:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1226:Superfamily:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1194:Superfamily:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1186:Subdivision:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1173:Pacificotaria
1169:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1152:Enaliarctidae
1149:
1147:
1146:
1145:Pinnarctidion
1141:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1087:stink badgers
1084:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1050:Superfamily:
1049:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1027:Superfamily:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1002:
995:
991:
987:
986:
985:
984:
980:Superfamily:
979:
978:
977:
976:
971:
969:
968:
967:Arctocynoidae
963:
958:
957:Amphicyonidae
954:
953:
952:
951:
947:Superfamily:
946:
944:
943:
938:
937:
935:
931:
930:
924:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
897:early Miocene
894:
893:
888:
885:
881:
877:
873:
870:
862:
861:Procyon lotor
858:
854:
847:
843:
839:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
812:
807:
803:
790:
786:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
700:
699:
696:
694:
690:
685:
683:
682:
677:
672:
670:
666:
661:
659:
655:
649:
647:
646:South America
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
618:
613:
612:
607:
606:
601:
600:
595:
590:
588:
587:North America
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
497:
495:
491:
487:
484:according to
483:
475:
470:
463:
459:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
366:
364:
363:southern Asia
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
292:
291:
286:
284:
283:
278:
277:
275:
274:
270:
268:
264:
262:
258:
256:
252:
251:
249:
244:
239:
234:
231:
228:
227:
224:
221:
218:
217:
214:
211:
208:
207:
204:
201:
198:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
172:
167:
163:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
119:
115:
110:
105:
101:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
33:
22:
19:
7945:
7902:
7893:
7884:
7875:
7866:
7857:
7848:
7839:
7830:
7821:
7812:
7803:
7794:
7785:
7776:
7767:
7758:
7738:
7726:
7717:
7708:
7699:
7687:
7662:
7653:
7644:
7632:
7620:
7608:
7597:L. sumatrana
7596:
7587:
7575:
7563:
7546:
7534:
7522:
7513:
7504:
7495:
7483:
7471:
7429:
7420:
7408:
7396:
7380:V. peregusna
7379:
7367:
7334:
7325:
7305:
7293:
7280:Lyncodontini
7271:Ictonychinae
7255:M. zibellina
7254:
7245:
7236:
7227:
7218:
7210:M. flavigula
7209:
7200:
7192:M. americana
7191:
7171:
7159:
7147:
7135:
7123:
7112:Eira barbara
7111:
7085:
7077:M. personata
7076:
7067:
7058:
7049:
7040:
7020:
7004:
6995:
6987:M. canescens
6986:
6977:
6965:
6953:
6944:
6935:
6923:
6894:
6882:
6870:
6789:
6780:
6768:
6756:
6747:
6735:
6706:
6697:
6688:
6679:
6659:
6647:
6638:
6629:
6609:
6597:
6596:Cacomistle (
6588:
6576:
6565:Potos flavus
6564:
6534:
6525:
6516:
6507:
6487:
6475:
6466:
6446:
6434:
6425:
6413:
6401:
6392:
6383:
6374:
6354:
6321:
6262:
6253:
6244:
6235:
6201:
6192:
6172:
6156:
6144:
6132:
6117:(monk seals)
6073:
6064:
6055:
6043:
6031:
6022:
6010:
5998:
5989:
5980:
5954:
5945:
5888:
5880:A. townsendi
5879:
5870:
5862:A. philippii
5861:
5852:
5843:
5834:
5826:A. australis
5825:
5813:
5801:
5784:
5772:
5760:
5739:
5730:
5718:
5706:
5680:
5668:
5628:
5507:U. maritimus
5506:
5505:Polar bear (
5497:
5496:Brown bear (
5488:
5479:
5467:
5455:
5446:
5445:Sloth bear (
5420:
5408:
5396:
5384:
5334:
5325:
5316:
5307:
5298:
5289:
5280:
5271:
5259:
5248:Cuon alpinus
5247:
5238:
5222:L. mesomelas
5221:
5212:
5200:
5169:
5160:
5151:
5150:Pampas fox (
5142:
5133:
5124:
5112:
5100:
5091:
5075:S. venaticus
5074:
5062:
5050:
5049:Maned wolf (
5031:Cerdocyonina
4999:
4998:Fennec fox (
4990:
4981:
4973:V. rueppelli
4972:
4963:
4954:
4945:
4944:Arctic fox (
4937:V. ferrilata
4936:
4927:
4926:Corsac fox (
4918:
4909:
4900:
4899:Bengal fox (
4878:
4866:
4857:
4845:
4833:
4807:
4806:Island fox (
4798:
4786:
4755:
4719:H. sanguinea
4718:
4709:
4700:
4692:H. ichneumon
4691:
4682:
4670:
4658:
4649:
4640:
4628:
4616:
4607:
4598:
4589:
4572:
4563:
4554:
4545:
4536:
4527:
4519:U. edwardsii
4518:
4510:U. brachyura
4509:
4500:
4488:
4476:
4467:
4437:
4428:
4419:
4411:C. alexandri
4410:
4398:
4386:
4377:
4365:
4353:
4336:
4328:M. gambianus
4327:
4315:
4303:
4287:S. suricatta
4286:
4274:
4249:
4224:
4215:
4203:
4191:
4174:
4165:
4153:
4141:
4111:
4102:
4090:
4078:
4069:
4046:carnivorans)
4027:
3998:
3986:
3974:
3965:
3933:
3921:
3891:Herpestoidea
3854:Herpestoidea
3821:
3813:G. victoriae
3812:
3803:
3802:Cape genet (
3794:
3786:G. servalina
3785:
3776:
3775:King genet (
3768:G. piscivora
3767:
3758:
3749:
3740:
3732:G. johnstoni
3731:
3722:
3713:
3704:
3695:
3686:
3668:
3657:P. leightoni
3656:
3647:
3629:
3604:
3595:
3587:V. megaspila
3586:
3578:V. civettina
3577:
3565:
3553:
3544:
3529:
3513:
3486:
3477:
3468:
3456:
3444:
3435:
3426:
3417:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3364:
3262:
3253:
3245:F. margarita
3244:
3235:
3226:
3225:Jungle cat (
3217:
3208:
3196:
3180:
3171:
3163:P. planiceps
3162:
3153:
3144:
3134:Prionailurus
3132:
3120:
3090:
3078:
3066:
3065:Jaguarundi (
3049:
3037:
3016:
3007:
2998:
2989:
2977:
2965:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2912:L. geoffroyi
2911:
2902:
2901:Pampas cat (
2890:
2874:
2865:
2853:
2841:
2811:
2802:
2790:
2779:P. marmorata
2778:
2766:
2746:
2721:
2712:
2703:
2694:
2685:
2673:
2661:
2652:
2640:
2595:
2586:
2569:
2542:
2495:Superorder:
2489:Infraclass:
2374:
2370:
2360:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2264:
2260:
2220:
2216:
2158:
2154:
2147:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2087:
2083:
2073:
2051:(1): 28–52.
2048:
2044:
2038:
2013:
2005:
1994:. Retrieved
1987:the original
1974:
1942:(1): 49–63.
1939:
1935:
1925:
1913:. Retrieved
1898:
1876:. Retrieved
1872:
1862:
1850:. Retrieved
1843:the original
1814:
1801:
1784:
1772:. Retrieved
1762:
1750:. Retrieved
1746:
1736:
1721:
1638:
1618:
1590:
1570:
1510:
1490:
1462:
1433:
1382:
1368:Hemicyoninae
1366:
1322:
1294:
1273:is based on
1268:
1227:
1195:
1187:
1181:Pteronarctos
1179:
1171:
1163:
1158:Semantoridae
1143:
1135:
1123:
1114:
1059:
1051:
1028:
1020:
1012:
1004:
1003:Infraorder:
981:
973:
972:Infraorder:
965:
948:
940:
933:
916:
912:
908:
899:deposits in
890:
866:
860:
845:
815:
809:
799:
788:
764:seas of the
758:Arctic Ocean
697:
686:
679:
673:
662:
650:
625:
615:
609:
603:
597:
591:
556:
525:
498:
486:phylogenetic
482:monophyletic
479:
474:least weasel
372:
302:
301:
288:
280:
271:
259:Infraorder:
253:Infraorder:
232:
122:
18:
8161:Carnivorans
7970:Wikispecies
7894:M. sibirica
7876:M. putorius
7849:M. nigripes
7831:M. lutreola
7804:M. haidarum
7700:N. africana
7663:A. congicus
7654:A. cinereus
7645:A. capensis
7545:Sea otter (
7523:L. provocax
7430:I. striatus
7351:Ictonychini
7246:M. melampus
7158:Wolverine (
7136:P. pennanti
7059:M. moschata
7050:M. everetti
6996:M. leucurus
6954:A. hoevenii
6945:A. collaris
6895:M. capensis
6790:N. olivacea
6705:Olinguito (
6661:Bassaricyon
6648:P. pygmaeus
6578:Bassariscus
6551:Procyonidae
6526:S. putorius
6517:S. gracilis
6435:M. mephitis
6426:M. macroura
6320:Red panda (
6300:Musteloidea
6261:Ross seal (
6214:Lobodontini
6146:Neomonachus
6074:P. sibirica
6032:P. vitulina
5997:Grey seal (
5979:Harp seal (
5871:A. pusillus
5835:A. forsteri
5670:Callorhinus
5604:Pinnipedia
5563:Musteloidea
5335:C. simensis
5299:C. lupaster
5168:Hoary fox (
5161:L. sechurae
5134:L. fulvipes
5125:L. culpaeus
5021:(true dogs)
4980:Swift fox (
4955:V. macrotis
4847:Nyctereutes
4756:Caniformia
4701:H. ochracea
4659:B. nigripes
4650:B. jacksoni
4537:U. javanica
4454:Herpestinae
4429:C. obscurus
4420:C. ansorgei
4400:Crossarchus
4256:(mongooses)
4245:Herpestidae
4225:S. durrelli
4216:S. concolor
4166:G. fasciata
4103:E. goudotii
4024:Herpestidae
3934:P. cristata
3795:G. thierryi
3750:G. maculata
3714:G. cristata
3705:G. bourloni
3458:Paradoxurus
3416:Binturong (
3355:Hemigalinae
3332:Viverroidea
3295:Viverroidea
3254:F. nigripes
3106:Leopard cat
3091:P. concolor
3008:L. pardinus
2957:L. tigrinus
2948:L. pardalis
2939:L. jacobita
2930:L. guttulus
2903:L. colocola
2662:N. nebulosa
2632:Pantherinae
2512:Feliformia
2418:Taxonomicon
1728:"Carnivora"
1620:Procyonidae
1557:Musteloidea
1219:eared seals
1210:and allies)
1134:Parvorder:
1111:and allies)
1105:Procyonidae
1100:and allies)
1074:and allies)
1053:Musteloidea
1011:Parvorder:
996:and allies)
959:(bear-dogs)
942:Lycophocyon
882:and cooler
816:M. cognitus
772:forager of
708:ringed seal
681:Enaliarctos
658:carnassials
644:to central
634:Philippines
536:giant panda
503:) includes
403:plantigrade
397:, and some
369:Description
290:Lycophocyon
135:Procyonidae
8150:Categories
7990:Caniformia
7976:Caniformia
7946:Caniformia
7867:M. nudipes
7858:M. nivalis
7822:M. kathiah
7777:M. erminea
7768:M. altaica
7718:N. frenata
7709:N. felipei
7679:Mustelinae
7421:I. libycus
7335:G. vittata
7201:M. caurina
6978:M. anakuma
6856:Mustelidae
6843:Mustelidae
6819:see below↓
6810:Mustelidae
6707:B. neblina
6618:(raccoons)
6589:B. astutus
6587:Ringtail (
6563:Kinkajou (
6535:S. pygmaea
6476:M. marchei
6334:Mephitidae
6202:M. leonina
6094:Monachinae
6065:P. hispida
6056:P. caspica
5853:A. gazella
5785:N. cinerea
5681:C. ursinus
5619:Odobenidae
5572:see below↓
5552:see below↓
5536:Pinnipedia
5454:Sun bear (
5421:T. ornatus
5410:Tremarctos
5386:Ailuropoda
5324:Red wolf (
5290:C. latrans
5213:L. adustus
5170:L. vetulus
5143:L. griseus
5073:Bush dog (
4964:V. pallida
4962:Pale fox (
4946:V. lagopus
4917:Cape fox (
4797:Gray fox (
4555:U. smithii
4387:H. parvula
4378:H. hirtula
4266:Mungotinae
4155:Galidictis
4128:Galidiinae
4056:Euplerinae
4039:Eupleridae
4028:sensu lato
3999:C. crocuta
3932:Aardwolf (
3863:see below↓
3804:G. tigrina
3777:G. poensis
3759:G. pardina
3741:G. letabae
3723:G. genetta
3621:Genettinae
3605:V. zibetha
3525:Viverrinae
3514:sensu lato
3509:Viverrinae
3478:P. jerdoni
3345:Viverridae
3304:see below↓
3243:Sand cat (
3050:A. jubatus
2875:C. caracal
2768:Pardofelis
2587:P. linsang
2528:Feliformia
2176:2115/13508
1996:2007-02-27
1713:References
1640:Mustelidae
1572:Mephitidae
1512:Odobenidae
1422:Pinnipedia
1240:true seals
1204:Odobenidae
1197:Otarioidea
1189:Pinnipedia
1162:Division:
1125:Peignictis
1094:Mustelidae
1079:Mephitidae
1061:Plesiogale
934:Caniformia
932:Suborder:
776:and other
762:sub-Arctic
742:Odobenidae
687:Pinnipeds
548:sloth bear
540:black bear
528:polar bear
490:continents
462:Polar bear
447:Feliformia
359:Feliformia
339:Pinnipedia
303:Caniformia
282:Lonchocyon
246:Subgroups
233:Caniformia
229:Suborder:
155:Odobenidae
147:Mustelidae
139:Mephitidae
30:43–0
8156:Caniforms
7813:M. itatsi
7747:(weasels)
7610:Lutrogale
7547:E. lutris
7505:L. felina
7314:(grisons)
7237:M. martes
7180:(martens)
7098:Guloninae
6884:Mellivora
6757:N. narica
6698:B. medius
6689:B. gabbii
6680:B. alleni
6668:(olingos)
6637:Raccoon (
6489:Spilogale
6375:C. chinga
6356:Conepatus
6312:Ailuridae
6111:Monachini
6023:P. largha
5693:Otariinae
5656:sea lions
5651:fur seals
5642:Otariidae
5527:Mustelida
5498:U. arctos
5360:Arctoidea
5317:C. lycaon
5272:C. aureus
5202:Lupulella
5114:Lycalopex
4991:V. vulpes
4989:Red fox (
4953:Kit fox (
4928:V. corsac
4672:Herpestes
4285:Meerkat (
4044:(Malagasy
3946:Hyaeninae
3907:Hyaenidae
3822:G. felina
3236:F. lybica
3048:Cheetah (
2966:L. wiedii
2955:Oncilla (
2921:L. guigna
2892:Leopardus
2873:Caracal (
2866:C. aurata
2801:Bay cat (
2722:P. pardus
2720:Leopard (
2695:P. tigris
2653:N. diardi
2571:Prionodon
2471:Kingdom:
2460:Carnivora
2393:1063-5157
1915:9 January
1878:March 12,
1852:March 12,
1839:253993605
1774:March 12,
1752:March 12,
1592:Ailuridae
1492:Otariidae
1411:Mustelida
1342:Arctoidea
1271:cladogram
1265:Phylogeny
1245:Family: †
1229:Phocoidea
1215:Otariidae
1156:Family: †
1150:Family: †
1072:red panda
1068:Ailuridae
1006:Arctoidea
955:Family: †
921:mustelids
880:Paleogene
874:or early
872:Oligocene
796:Evolution
729:fur seals
725:sea lions
721:Otariidae
654:dentition
630:Indonesia
617:Conepatus
605:Spilogale
563:Himalayas
559:red panda
494:pinnipeds
423:viverrids
391:red panda
383:sea otter
351:sea lions
335:mustelids
325:, etc.),
311:Carnivora
255:Arctoidea
223:Carnivora
189:Kingdom:
183:Eukaryota
151:Otariidae
143:Ailuridae
24:Caniforms
8068:14000690
8016:46559118
7955:Wikidata
7793:Ferret (
7727:N. vison
7588:L. lutra
7456:(otters)
7450:Lutrinae
7307:Galictis
7219:M. foina
7134:Fisher (
7022:Melogale
7005:M. meles
6925:Arctonyx
6770:Nasuella
6748:N. nasua
6725:(coatis)
6639:P. lotor
6415:Mephitis
6174:Mirounga
5924:Phocinae
5905:Phocidae
5774:Neophoca
5720:Zalophus
5627:Walrus (
5326:C. rufus
5308:C. lupus
5288:Coyote (
5123:Culpeo (
5064:Speothos
5000:V. zerda
4982:V. velox
4919:V. chama
4630:Bdeogale
4528:U. fusca
4367:Helogale
4337:M. mungo
4276:Suricata
4205:Salanoia
4112:E. major
4092:Eupleres
3923:Proteles
3912:(hyenas)
3676:(genets)
3227:F. chaus
3218:F. catus
3209:F. bieti
3089:Cougar (
3039:Acinonyx
3017:L. rufus
3015:Bobcat (
2964:Margay (
2946:Ocelot (
2919:Kodkod (
2840:Serval (
2803:C. badia
2792:Catopuma
2702:Jaguar (
2686:P. uncia
2675:Panthera
2642:Neofelis
2560:Feloidea
2491:Eutheria
2485:Mammalia
2479:Chordata
2477:Phylum:
2473:Animalia
2423:Caniform
2401:28472434
2344:19396145
2301:22536379
2261:PLOS ONE
2239:16012099
2193:25795496
2185:16603806
2139:17996107
2090:: 57–67.
1966:20138220
1464:Phocidae
1354:Ursoidea
1236:Phocidae
1234:Family:
1213:Family:
1202:Family:
1178:Genus: †
1170:Genus: †
1142:Genus: †
1122:Genus: †
1109:raccoons
1103:Family:
1092:Family:
1077:Family:
1066:Family:
1058:Genus: †
1035:Family:
1030:Ursoidea
1019:Genus: †
988:Family:
983:Canoidea
975:Cynoidea
939:Genus: †
828:reptiles
750:whiskers
704:Phocidae
665:kinkajou
638:Americas
632:and the
628:inhabit
599:Mephitis
583:Pakistan
532:sun bear
419:omnivory
395:ringtail
387:forepaws
347:walruses
331:raccoons
307:suborder
287:Genus: †
279:Genus: †
261:Cynoidea
213:Mammalia
203:Chordata
199:Phylum:
193:Animalia
179:Domain:
159:Phocidae
104:Holocene
7795:M. furo
7740:Mustela
7689:Neogale
7536:Enhydra
7410:Ictonyx
7369:Vormela
7326:G. cuja
7253:Sable (
7160:G. gulo
7125:Pekania
7110:Tayra (
6907:Melinae
6719:Nasuina
6611:Procyon
5967:Phocini
5606:(seals)
5541:(seals)
5433:Ursinae
5375:(bears)
5370:Ursidae
5246:Dhole (
5036:(zorro)
4910:V. cana
4820:Vulpini
4788:Urocyon
4772:Canidae
4564:U. urva
4068:Fossa (
3988:Crocuta
3670:Genetta
3567:Viverra
3108:lineage
3030:lineage
2999:L. lynx
2855:Caracal
2829:lineage
2827:Caracal
2759:lineage
2757:Bay cat
2743:Felinae
2704:P. onca
2693:Tiger (
2613:Felidae
2483:Class:
2462:species
2458:Extant
2352:4371413
2324:Bibcode
2292:3334926
2269:Bibcode
2130:2245807
2113:: 216.
2065:7877495
1957:7034395
1831:3503840
1384:Ursidae
1324:Canidae
1098:weasels
1037:Ursidae
1022:Adracon
990:Canidae
917:Puijila
913:Puijila
909:Puijila
901:Nunavut
887:periods
884:Neogene
876:Miocene
824:mammals
770:benthic
740:Family
719:Family
702:Family
513:coyotes
443:baculum
407:Canidae
389:only),
355:Eurasia
238:Kretzoi
219:Order:
209:Class:
131:Ursidae
127:Canidae
8133:254957
8107:827263
8094:379584
8055:552303
7961:Q27414
7485:Lontra
7173:Martes
6448:Mydaus
6342:skunks
5306:Wolf (
5186:Canina
5016:Canini
4880:Vulpes
4776:(dogs)
4317:Mungos
3631:Poiana
2713:P. leo
2711:Lion (
2617:(cats)
2399:
2391:
2350:
2342:
2316:Nature
2299:
2289:
2237:
2191:
2183:
2137:
2127:
2063:
2026:
1964:
1954:
1906:
1837:
1829:
1792:
1208:walrus
1083:skunks
1014:Ursida
830:, and
820:preyed
806:Eocene
802:marten
789:Miacis
746:walrus
733:pinnae
693:Eocene
669:canids
642:Canada
626:Mydaus
611:Mydaus
594:genera
581:, and
575:Bhutan
544:bamboo
515:, and
505:wolves
501:canids
431:septum
393:, and
379:marten
375:fisher
337:. The
333:, and
319:wolves
240:, 1943
100:Eocene
8128:WoRMS
8120:54044
8029:12633
7634:Aonyx
7577:Lutra
6967:Meles
6737:Nasua
6012:Phoca
5469:Ursus
5261:Canis
4888:foxes
3198:Felis
2348:S2CID
2189:S2CID
2020:98–99
1990:(PDF)
1983:(PDF)
1846:(PDF)
1835:S2CID
1827:JSTOR
1811:(PDF)
1041:bears
905:otter
832:birds
754:tusks
689:split
640:from
579:India
571:Nepal
567:China
521:packs
517:foxes
399:foxes
343:seals
327:bears
323:foxes
305:is a
8089:NCBI
8050:ITIS
7149:Gulo
6045:Pusa
4490:Urva
3080:Puma
3028:Puma
2979:Lynx
2397:PMID
2389:ISSN
2340:PMID
2297:PMID
2235:PMID
2181:PMID
2135:PMID
2061:PMID
2024:ISBN
1962:PMID
1917:2013
1904:ISBN
1880:2011
1854:2011
1790:ISBN
1776:2011
1754:2011
1269:The
1085:and
994:dogs
869:late
760:and
752:and
509:dogs
437:and
411:jaws
349:and
315:dogs
38:PreꞒ
8076:NBN
8063:MSW
8011:EoL
8003:4CT
7998:CoL
7985:ADW
2379:doi
2332:doi
2320:458
2287:PMC
2277:doi
2225:doi
2171:hdl
2163:doi
2125:PMC
2115:doi
2053:doi
1952:PMC
1944:doi
1819:doi
895:in
8152::
8130::
8117::
8104::
8091::
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8052::
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1960:.
1950:.
1940:56
1938:.
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1437:†
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88:Pg
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