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biographical details supporting a birthplace of
Tacuarembó. The story is that Gardel was born in 1887 the son of influential Uruguayan landowner Carlos Escayola and Escayola's sister-in-law, 13-year-old Maria Lelia Oliva. The unwanted boy, named Carlos, was offered to Bertha Gardes who was passing through the area on a cabaret dance tour. Gardes took the boy back to France, where she was from. Later, she and the boy traveled again, this time to Buenos Aires, where they settled. This version of events conflicts with scholarly accounts describing Gardes as an ordinary woman who
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215:, France, on 11 December 1890. The father of the baby boy was listed on his birth certificate as "unknown", but 11 days later Berthe Gardès signed a statement establishing the baby's father as Paul Laserre, a married man who left Toulouse a few months before the baby was born. Berthe Gardès also left Toulouse, a little over a year later, likely to escape the social stigma of having a child born out of wedlock. In early 1893 in
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March 1923 he applied for citizenship in
Argentina. On 1 May 1923 he took the oath of Argentine citizenship. Today, there is no absolute certainty regarding why he took these steps. The most likely reason for this act was to avoid problems with French authorities during an upcoming tour of France. As a French citizen by birth, Gardel had been required to register with the French military during the
235:, at Calle Uruguay 162. She worked two blocks away on Calle Montevideo, pressing clothes in the French style, which commanded a relatively high price in the fashion-conscious city. Gardel grew up speaking Spanish, not French, with friends and family calling him Carlos, the Spanish version of his French name, and often by the familiar diminutive form Carlitos.
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was fourteen years of age. At the time, he was performing at the
Esmeralda Theater in Buenos Aires. They were close for more than a decade. Gardel and del Valle were not seen together very often in public. Gardel's mother and del Valle's family helped make sure the relationship was not well known. Only Gardel's closest friends knew about it.
909:. For his tango singing, Gardel is still revered from Tokyo to Buenos Aires. A popular saying in Argentina, which serves as a testimony to his long-lived popularity, claims, "Gardel sings better every day." Another commonly used phrase in Argentina (and some other Latin American countries) which asserts that
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Gardel arranged for del Valle to have a house; he provided money for her to live on. Around 1930 the relationship began to degrade. Gardel had his lawyer stop making payments to del Valle, who later married another man and moved to
Uruguay. She was always respectful of the memory of Gardel, even when
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Gardel was aware of the fact that much of his popularity was based on his attractiveness to women. In an effort to seem as if he were available to any woman, he sought to keep his love life secret. Gardel had one major girlfriend in his life: Isabel del Valle. He met del Valle in late 1920 when she
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Some time after 1918, Laserre traveled from France to Buenos Aires to ask Berthe Gardès, now called Doña Berta, whether she would like to legitimize her son by marrying
Laserre. This would have disrupted her story about being a widow. Gardel told his mother that if she did not need this man in her
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In
October 1920, Gardel first applied for Uruguayan citizenship; in Buenos Aires he went to the Uruguayan consulate to complete paperwork that said he was born in 1887 in Tacuarembó, Uruguay. One month later he was issued a new Argentine identity card that listed him as a Uruguayan national. On 7
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In the neighborhood of Abasto, Buenos Aires, the Carlos Gardel Museum opened in 2003, in a house that Gardel bought for his mother in 1927, and where he also lived from 1927 to 1933. Another Carlos Gardel Museum opened in 1999 in Valle Edén, an old farm site 23 km (14 mi) south of
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In 1967, writer Erasmo Silva
Cabrera started the modern dispute over Gardel's birthplace when he published arguments describing Gardel as having been born in Tacuarembó, Uruguay. Nelson Bayardo wrote a similar book in 1988. In 1990, Eduardo Payssé González published a book containing many
489:" (Frenchie), acknowledging his French origin. After 1920, Gardel gave contradictory and evasive stories about his birthplace, most likely because of the false papers he had filed. Reporters often wrote that Gardel was Uruguayan, born in Tacuarembó. In the newspaper
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The place and year of Gardel's birth was a controversy that provoked debate; Toulouse, France, in 1890 was the most widely accepted version for many years. The
Toulouse birthplace was confirmed in 2012 with the location of his birth certificate. Scholars such as
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starring Dario
Grandinetti and Aitana Sánchez-Gijón was released by Maverick in April 2003. It is a fictional story about a struggling Argentine tango singer who looks and sings like Gardel, and a woman admirer of Gardel, who encounters Franchi.
513:, Gardel was reported as saying, "My heart is Argentine, but my soul is Uruguayan, because that is where I was born". In 1931, Gardel wrote in a witnessed document, "I am French, born in Toulouse, 11 December 1890, son of Berthe Gardes."
160:. He was one of the most influential interpreters of world popular music in the first half of the 20th century. Gardel is the most famous popular tango singer of all time and is recognized throughout the world. Described variously as a
280:, Venezuela and Colombia, as well as making appearances in Paris, New York, Barcelona and Madrid. He sold 70,000 records in the first three months of a 1928 visit to Paris. As his popularity grew, he made a number of films for
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and sailed to Buenos Aires, arriving on 11 March 1893. Berthe Gardès had her passport recorded upon arrival; she told immigration authorities that she was a widow. The two-year-old boy was recorded as
Charles Gardès.
467:. It is likely that Gardel never registered; his name is not found on any lists of registrants. Uruguay maintained a neutrality policy during the war, so Gardel probably chose Uruguayan citizenship on that basis.
482:, France, to Berthe Gardes (1865–1943), and baptized with the name of Charles Romuald Gardes. This statement agrees with the original birth certificate registered in Toulouse on 11 December 1890.
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190:, Uruguay. Other authors expanded upon this theory, and a museum to Gardel was established in Tacuarembó. But Gardel's friends and family all knew him as a French immigrant from
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Millions of Gardel's fans throughout Latin America went into mourning. Hordes came to pay their respects as his body was taken from Colombia through New York City and
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After Gardel's death, his legal representative, Armando Defino, produced a handwritten will which he said was written by Gardel himself, stating he was born in
1981:"Stamp: Carlos Gardel – Portrait, Fokker F-31 Trimotor (Colombia) (Death of Carlos Gardel, 50th Anniv.) Mi:CO 1651,Sn:CO 947,Yt:CO 890,Sg:CO 1728,Lt:CO 1678"
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write about how Gardel was born in Toulouse, France, in 1890, and how he laid a false trail about his birthplace beginning in 1920, when he was almost 30.
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194:. Scholarly researchers analyzed the contradictory evidence, especially French birth and baptismal records, and confirmed his birthplace as Toulouse.
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mourned throughout Latin America. For many, Gardel embodies the soul of the tango style. He is commonly referred to as "Carlitos", "El Zorzal" ("The
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produced Gardel stamps, with Uruguay calling him the "immortal Tacuaremboan" in the 2004 version. In 1985, on the 50th anniversary of his death,
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183:"), "The King of Tango", "El Mago" (The Wizard), "El Morocho del Abasto" (The Brunette boy from Abasto), and ironically "El Mudo" (The Mute).
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because of his wide vocal range, he was known for his rich voice and dramatic phrasing. Together with lyricist and long-time collaborator
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931:) referring to the greatness of both; used when somebody excels at something. Gardel has been posthumously inducted into the
296:(1935) lack lasting dramatic value, they were outstanding showcases of his tremendous singing talents and movie star looks.
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In 1967, a controversial theory was published by Uruguayan writer Erasmo Silva Cabrera, asserting that Gardel was born in
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produced a Gardel stamp which featured the singer and the airplane model that caused his death. On 16 March 2011, the
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1930:"Stamp: Carlos Gardel, singer (Uruguay) (Carlos Gardel (1887–1935)) Mi:UY 1307,Sn:UY 884,Yt:UY 885,Sg:UY 1567"
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Gardel's first film, directed by Francisco Defilippis Novoa and made in collaboration with Celestino Petray.
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378:, several business associates, and other friends of the group. It is believed that a third guitarist,
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1096:"Carlos gardel, among the most prominent and influential Argentines of the 20th century worldwide"
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1304:"ASN Aircraft accident Ford 5-AT-B Tri-Motor F-31 Medellín-Enrique Olaya Herrera Airport (EOH)"
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1395:. Colección Los Juglares (in Spanish). Vol. 33 (2 ed.). Júcar. pp. 9, 103.
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issued a set of five "Latin Music Legends" stamps including one picturing Carlos Gardel.
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Gardel wrote the music and Alfredo Le Pera the lyrics for the following compositions:
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Gardel died in an airplane crash at the height of his career, becoming an archetypal
497:, Uruguay, 25 October 1933), Gardel was reported as saying, "I'm Uruguayan, born in
404:, the city in which his mother lived at the time. Gardel's body was laid to rest in
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Gardel began his singing career in bars and at private parties. He also sang with
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de Saint-Blancat, Monique Ruffié; Esteban, Juan Carlos; Galopa, Georges (2006).
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life, neither did he, closing the matter with "I don't even wish to see him."
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1905:"Homenaje filatélico a Carlos Gardel – Fundación Internacional Carlos Gardel"
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agriculture history professor Osvaldo Barsky and Uruguayan history professor
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singer, songwriter, composer and actor, and the most prominent figure in the
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Berthe Gardès, the baby registered under the name Charles Romuald Gardès in
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273:. The recording sold 10,000 copies and was a hit throughout Latin America.
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In his youth in Buenos Aires, Gardel's group of close friends called him "
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348:, Colombia. Others who died included the pilot Ernesto Samper, lyricist
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1879:"Film Screening: "Doble o nada (Double or Nothing)" (1997, 93 min.)"
1410:[End of the mystery: they show Gardel's birth certificate].
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The Ford Story: A Pictorial History of the Ford Tri-Motor, 1927-1957
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1652:"25 frases argentinas y que resumen a un argentino » Intriper"
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400:. Thousands rendered homage during the two days he lay in state in
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interviewed about him in late life for a 1980s television program.
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There is also a small house museum, Casa Gardeliana, in Medellín.
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1854:"Biography of Hugo Del Carril by Gaspar Astarita - Todotango.com"
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and pressed clothing in Toulouse in 1890, not a touring dancer.
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1602:
The Film Industry in Argentina: An Illustrated Cultural History
1408:"Fin del misterio: muestran la partida de nacimiento de Gardel"
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Gardel went on tour through Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Brazil,
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The coffin of Gardel moves down Florida Street in Buenos Aires
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This article is about the person. For the metro station, see
1256:(in Spanish). Ediciones Trilce. pp. 15, 91, 119, 139.
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Museo Carlos Gardel, a museum about the artist, located in
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Gardel's mother settled at the western edge of the central
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1323:. Wichita, Kansas: Robert R. Longo Company. p. 136.
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Gardel appears as a fictionalized character in the play
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in France and the U.S. While sentimental films such as
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Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Colombia
1708:
Official English Website for the City of Buenos Aires
1052:"The Tango Made Flesh: Carlos Gardel | History Today"
152:; 11 December 1890 – 24 June 1935) was a French-born
1955:"Feuding Uruguay, Argentina unite to preserve tango"
16:
Argentine singer, songwriter, actor and tango artist
2004:
USPS Postal News Release No. 11-024 (16 March 2011)
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336:Gardel died on 24 June 1935 in a crash between two
2191:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1935
1495:. Centro Editor de América Latina. pp. 20–21.
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718:(left) and Gardel in Gardel's mother's house, 1926
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1367:(in Spanish). Ediciones Trilce. pp. 31–32.
1288:Clavell, M. (1996) (in Spanish), Biografía. In:
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1364:La sonrisa de Gardel: Biografía, mito y ficción
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1253:La sonrisa de Gardel: Biografía, mito y ficción
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2081:Discography of American Historical Recordings
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1007:Over the years, Argentina has issued several
219:, France, mother and son boarded the ship SS
1756:"Casa Gardeliana Mesa de Museos de Medellín"
1678:"Ingresa Gloria Estefan al Salón de la Fama"
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1216:"1907, March 16 – BIRTH OF ISABEL DEL VALLE"
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1067:Gardel – Felipe Pigna | PlanetadeLibros
1011:honoring Gardel. In 1976 and again in 2004,
905:Gardel's legacy is intimately tied with the
1120:The Life, Music, and Times of Carlos Gardel
923:(1934). Another common Argentine phrase is
1961:. Associated Press. 11 May 2009. p. 2
1627:"¡Soy Gardel! – Edición Impresa – Opinión"
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1124:. University of Pittsburgh Press. p.
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1586:Carlos Gardel : biografía autorizada
1552:Carlos Gardel: Sus Antecedentes Franceses
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207:Gardel was born to unmarried 25-year-old
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1436:Barsky, Julián; Barsky, Osvaldo (2004).
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21:Carlos Gardel (Buenos Aires Underground)
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1070:– via www.planetadelibros.com.ar.
172:, Gardel wrote several classic tangos.
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933:International Latin Music Hall of Fame
2116:Fundación Internacional Carlos Gardel
1599:Jorge Finkielman (24 December 2003).
251:and later in a trio with Martino and
1292:. Alfred Publ. Van Nuys, California.
739:Gardel in New York promoting 1934's
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2176:Paramount Pictures contract players
2141:20th-century Argentine male singers
1796:"Columna | 'El día que me quieras'"
1522:"Argentina and Uruguay's tango row"
1514:
1406:Verónica Dema (20 September 2012).
1290:Los Mejores Tangos de Carlos Gardel
1276:Collier 1986, pp. 121–22, 233, 210.
393:, died a few days after the crash.
13:
1475:Carlos Gardel: el gran desconocido
1301:
1199:Carlos "Gardel: The King of Tango"
14:
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2171:Naturalized citizens of Argentina
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447:history professor Simon Collier,
2146:Burials at La Chacarita Cemetery
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1508:Vida y milagros de Carlos Gardel
968:(1979) by the Venezuelan writer
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1393:Carlos Gardel: tango inacabable
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1197:Cunningham, Amy (3 July 2011).
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1794:Martínez, Ibsen (2 May 2017).
1658:(in Spanish). 30 November 2016
1473:Silva Cabrera, Erasmo (1967).
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937:Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame
929:I'm/You are Gardel and Le Pera
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259:in 1917 with his rendition of
1:
2151:French emigrants to Argentina
1732:. Uruguay.com. Archived from
1684:(in Spanish). 19 October 2014
1038:
501:". In the June 1935 issue of
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2110:Carlos Gardel: King of Tango
1317:Larkins, William T. (1958).
1021:United States Postal Service
329:Carlos Gardel's grave at La
197:
7:
2049:has quotations related to:
1588:(in Spanish). De la Urraca.
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613:Los Panchos en Buenos Aires
435:Statue of Carlos Gardel in
10:
2207:
1704:"Museo Casa Carlos Gardel"
1605:. McFarland. p. 194.
1554:(in Spanish). Corregidor.
1528:. BBC News. 16 August 2008
1526:From Our Own Correspondent
1250:Ruffinelli, Jorge (2004).
1153:Bocaz, Luis (March 1986).
975:
959:The Death of Carlos Gardel
822:The Lights of Buenos Aires
18:
2161:Male actors from Toulouse
1909:fundacioncarlosgardel.org
1574:Collier 1986, pp. 14, 22.
1510:. Ediciones La República.
1002:
983:The Life of Carlos Gardel
900:
380:José María Aguilar Porrás
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2077:Carlos Gardel recordings
1584:Alvarez, Eliseo (1995).
1506:Bayardo, Nelson (1988).
925:soy/sos Gardel y Le Pera
825:(1931) (filmed in Paris)
312:
44:Portrait of Gardel, 1923
2156:Latin music songwriters
1329:2027/mdp.39015002911553
1116:Collier, Simon (1986).
957:wrote a novel entitled
917:), comes from his song
915:Twenty years is nothing
629:Mi Buenos Aires Querido
2166:Male tango film actors
1730:"Carlos Gardel Museum"
1477:. Ediciones Ciudadela.
1440:(in Spanish). Taurus.
911:Veinte años no es nada
875:Cazadores de Estrellas
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592:Guitarra, Guitarra Mía
566:Criollita, decí que sí
449:University of Belgrano
439:
428:
412:Birthplace controversy
342:Olaya Herrera Airfield
340:transport aircraft at
333:
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150:Charles Romuald Gardès
60:Charles Romuald Gardès
50:Background information
2112:at Sounds and Colours
2015:"Latin Music Legends"
1220:TODAY IN TANGO !
1179:Collier 1986, pp. 7–8
1033:List of tango singers
986:, he is portrayed by
970:José Ignacio Cabrujas
966:El día que me quieras
943:Tacuarembó, Uruguay.
868:El día que me quieras
860:The Tango on Broadway
738:
714:
579:El día que me quieras
543:Apure, Delantero Buey
445:Vanderbilt University
434:
419:
406:La Chacarita Cemetery
369:Ángel Domingo Riverol
328:
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293:El día que me quieras
255:. Gardel created the
1463:Collier 1986, p. 72.
1438:Gardel: La biografía
1240:Collier 1986, p. 73.
955:António Lobo Antunes
779:Enfundá la Mandolina
741:El Tango en Broadway
683:Sus ojos se Cerraron
537:Amores de Estudiante
1959:New York Daily News
980:In the 1939 biopic
602:La Vida en un Trago
561:Cheating Muchachita
457:Stanford University
1188:Collier 1986, p. 7
1170:Collier 1986, p. 6
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665:Rubias de New York
622:Melodía de Arrabal
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354:Guillermo Barbieri
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331:Chacarita Cemetery
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1858:www.todotango.com
1829:"Hugo del Carril"
1631:www.ellitoral.com
1612:978-0-7864-8344-0
1389:Zubillaga, Carlos
1359:Ruffinelli, Jorge
1203:Sound and Colours
896:
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607:Lejana Tierra Mía
408:in Buenos Aires.
249:Francisco Martino
140:
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126:Singer-songwriter
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2036:External links
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2019:about.usps.com
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1885:. 13 June 2014
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817:(1930, short)
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809:Viejo Smoking
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773:El Quinielero
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32:Carlos Gardel
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2094:(in Spanish)
2050:
2039:
2022:. Retrieved
2018:
2009:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1984:
1975:
1963:. Retrieved
1958:
1949:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:
1924:
1912:. Retrieved
1908:
1899:
1887:. Retrieved
1882:
1873:
1861:. Retrieved
1857:
1848:
1836:. Retrieved
1832:
1823:
1811:. Retrieved
1799:
1789:
1777:. Retrieved
1774:Gloria Tango
1773:
1764:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1734:the original
1724:
1712:. Retrieved
1707:
1698:
1686:. Retrieved
1681:
1672:
1660:. Retrieved
1655:
1646:
1634:. Retrieved
1630:
1621:
1601:
1594:
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1530:. Retrieved
1525:
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1507:
1501:
1492:
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1474:
1468:
1437:
1416:. Retrieved
1414:(in Spanish)
1411:
1401:
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1383:
1363:
1332:. Retrieved
1319:
1312:
1297:
1289:
1272:
1252:
1245:
1236:
1224:. Retrieved
1219:
1210:
1202:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1166:
1158:
1155:"Tango Time"
1119:
1090:
1076:
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995:Doble o Nada
993:
992:
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767:El Carretero
766:
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721:
716:José Razzano
702:
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677:Suerte Negra
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572:Cuesta Abajo
571:
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517:Compositions
505:magazine of
502:
491:El Telégrafo
490:
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335:
307:
303:
291:
287:Cuesta abajo
285:
275:
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256:
253:José Razzano
246:
237:
233:Buenos Aires
231:district of
226:
220:
206:
185:
174:
149:
145:
144:
132:Years active
101:(1935-06-24)
99:24 June 1935
89:Buenos Aires
25:
2136:1935 deaths
2131:1890 births
1688:22 December
803:Tengo Miedo
791:Mano a Mano
731:Filmography
586:Golondrinas
383: [
372: [
357: [
290:(1934) and
278:Puerto Rico
229:San Nicolás
181:Song thrush
177:tragic hero
91:, Argentina
2125:Categories
1561:9500516349
1447:9870400132
1374:9974323568
1263:9974323568
1135:0822984989
1082:"Proyecto"
1039:References
815:Yira, Yira
597:La Criolla
499:Tacuarembó
426:Tacuarembó
422:Valle Edén
402:Montevideo
203:Early life
188:Tacuarembó
123:Occupation
108:, Colombia
71:1890-12-11
56:Birth name
2047:Wikiquote
1965:31 August
1808:1134-6582
1740:31 August
1656:Intriper.
1532:31 August
1418:3 October
1412:La Nación
1157:, UNESCO
939:in 2014.
881:Tango Bar
755:Añoranzas
667:(foxtrot)
507:Antioquia
465:Great War
282:Paramount
221:Don Pedro
209:laundress
198:Biography
154:Argentine
136:1917–1935
2063:AllMusic
1883:de Young
1714:24 April
1491:(1971).
1391:(1976).
1361:(2004).
1226:13 March
1161:, p. 11.
1027:See also
1017:Colombia
829:Esperame
761:Canchero
654:Quiéreme
531:Amargura
511:Colombia
495:Paysandú
480:Toulouse
437:Toulouse
346:Medellín
217:Bordeaux
213:Toulouse
192:Toulouse
162:baritone
106:Medellín
80:, France
78:Toulouse
2098:archive
2079:at the
2024:27 July
1990:27 July
1985:Colnect
1939:27 July
1934:Colnect
1914:27 July
1889:27 July
1863:27 July
1838:27 July
1813:27 July
1800:El País
1779:27 July
1682:Milenio
1662:27 July
1636:27 July
1334:8 April
1159:Courier
1013:Uruguay
976:In film
888:Notes:
705:(tango)
691:(tango)
685:(tango)
679:(waltz)
673:(tango)
671:Soledad
661:(tango)
624:(tango)
588:(tango)
574:(tango)
551:(tango)
539:(waltz)
533:(tango)
503:Caretas
1806:
1609:
1558:
1444:
1371:
1260:
1132:
1003:Stamps
920:Volver
901:Legacy
883:(1935)
877:(1935)
871:(1935)
863:(1934)
855:(1934)
847:(1933)
839:(1932)
831:(1932)
805:(1930)
763:(1930)
722:
696:Volver
636:Olvido
609:(song)
582:(song)
568:(song)
557:(song)
545:(song)
473:ironed
243:Career
148:(born
113:Genres
85:Origin
907:tango
455:from
391:]
376:]
365:]
313:Death
166:tenor
117:Tango
2072:IMDb
2026:2020
1992:2020
1967:2012
1941:2020
1916:2020
1891:2020
1865:2020
1840:2020
1833:IMDb
1815:2020
1804:ISSN
1781:2020
1742:2012
1716:2017
1690:2017
1664:2020
1638:2020
1607:ISBN
1556:ISBN
1534:2012
1442:ISBN
1420:2012
1369:ISBN
1336:2019
1258:ISBN
1228:2018
1130:ISBN
367:and
263:and
96:Died
65:Born
2089:at
2070:at
2061:at
1325:hdl
267:'s
164:or
2127::
2017:.
1983:.
1957:.
1932:.
1907:.
1881:.
1856:.
1831:.
1798:.
1772:.
1706:.
1680:.
1654:.
1629:.
1542:^
1524:.
1456:^
1428:^
1344:^
1281:^
1218:.
1201:,
1144:^
1128:.
1104:^
990:.
972:.
509:,
424:,
389:de
387:;
385:es
374:es
363:de
361:;
359:es
344:,
2100:)
2096:(
2083:.
2028:.
1994:.
1969:.
1943:.
1918:.
1893:.
1867:.
1842:.
1817:.
1783:.
1758:.
1744:.
1718:.
1692:.
1666:.
1640:.
1615:.
1564:.
1536:.
1450:.
1422:.
1377:.
1338:.
1327::
1306:.
1266:.
1230:.
1205:.
1138:.
1126:5
1084:.
1054:.
927:(
913:(
493:(
73:)
69:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
