2275:
6048:
4755:
4340:
3260:
4765:
4350:
4360:
274:
and inscriptions, show that a feudal system namely existed among the
Sinhalese. Evidence of this hierarchy can be seen during the 18th-century British-Kandyan period, indicating its continuation even after the Sri Lankan monarchy. Colonialism and foreign intervention in the dynastic conflicts of the
23:
are social stratification systems found among the ethnic groups of the island since ancient times. The models are similar to those found in
Continental India, but are less extensive and important for various reasons. Modern times Sri Lanka is often considered to be a casteless society in south asia.
51:
A universal welfare system that focused on providing education for everyone regardless of background has provided people from lower caste groups similar opportunities to enter jobs previously only frequented by those in upper-caste groups, with younger generations mostly rejecting any pressure to
593:
Those who are considered to be of higher castes occupy the first row of line rooms, and that sect includes
Maravar, Kallar, Agamudaiyar, Mudaliyar (kaikolars), Mutharaiyar (Watch mans) etc. They perform respectable jobs such as factory work and grinding of tea as minor labour work, on the other
325:) in addition to the majority of ancient Govigama, which is common throughout the region. Some of these castes' ancestors are believed to have migrated from Southern India and have become important in the Sinhalese social system. The first-century BC Anuradhapura
27:
The caste systems of Sri Lanka were historically not tied to the religious establishment but rather a tool to service the ruling elite - a model more reminiscent of feudalism in Europe. At least three major, parallel caste systems exist in Sri Lankan society:
303:
The "Duraya" was a loose categorization of lower
Kandyan castes, comprising the castes of Vahumpura, Puda, Panna, Velli, Berava, possibly Henaya, and more. The group was interpreted by the British for their own administrative purposes and was used loosely.
295:
caste, many now may not own land. Most
Govigama were however ordinary farmers and tenants as absolute land ownership was exclusive to the king until the British colonial period. The most important feature of the Kandyan system was
312:
There are still differences between the caste structures of the highlands and those of the low country, although some service groups were common to both in ancient Sri Lanka. The southwestern coast has three other castes (the
4720:
4000:
594:
hand, they are also involved in business activities. Even though they belong to the labour category under the
British rule and post-independence of the country, they were influential among conductors, tea makers,
4730:
2239:
4644:
3123:
4689:
347:
The caste system has stronger religious ties than its
Sinhalese counterpart, although both systems have comparable castes. There are in the Sri Lankan Tamil caste system, distinctions between
2223:
2217:
1115:
Mitochondrial DNA history of Sri Lankan ethnic people: their relations within the island and with the Indian subcontinental populations, L Ranaweera, et al.; Journal of Human
Genetics (2014)
663:
3434:
2194:
4202:
3995:
2234:
1793:
4479:
2985:
4725:
3967:
3588:
4684:
4589:
4694:
2294:
60:
The caste system or feudal of the
Sinhalese and Sri Lankan Tamils display some similar traits, where both systems having comparable castes with similar occupations and status.
4639:
4604:
3413:
4529:
4419:
3598:
4649:
4624:
4539:
4519:
4469:
4439:
4429:
4226:
4007:
4735:
4609:
4489:
2656:
218:
Political power and wealth have largely replaced caste as the main factor in Sri Lankan social stratification, especially in the
Sinhalese and Indian Tamil communities.
4679:
4629:
4584:
4564:
4554:
4454:
4654:
4569:
4549:
4434:
4424:
3459:
2671:
2646:
255:
have shown that most of the Sinhala community are genetically related to North Indians, with traces from South India too. About half of the Sinhalese population are
4699:
4634:
4599:
4534:
4514:
4504:
4464:
4449:
4444:
4740:
4659:
4619:
4594:
4509:
4474:
979:
Caste in Jaffna And India, Review Article on Neville Jayaweera's Jaffna Exorcising the Past and Holding the Vision Dr Devanesan Nesiah (Sunday Leader 10.10.2014)
436:
consists of the Kannar (brass-workers), Kollar (blacksmiths), Tattar (goldsmiths), Tatchar (carpenters), Kartatchar (sculptor). Along with the Kammalar were the
4579:
4544:
4499:
4494:
3191:
3181:
2169:
475:
A few slave castes exist as well. One caste called the Demalagattaru were an ancient caste of Tamil captives during times of war between Sinhalese and Tamil.
291:
were preserved from its 1818 collapse beyond independence in 1948 and the Land Reform Act of the 1970s. Although large agricultural landlords belonged to the
5124:
3036:
3031:
244:
In traditional Sinhalese society Buddhist monks are placed at the top. Irrespective of the birth caste of a monk, even the king had to show respect to them.
3613:
598:(or supervisors), and other officials. The workers considered low caste live in the dwellings that are away from the centre and these dwellings are called
2778:
3672:
2796:
393:
are also among the coastal communities involved in fishing. The Paravars or Bharathas are traditionally found in the western part of the island in the
359:
3636:
3201:
3186:
2588:
3626:
3211:
3176:
3171:
3026:
1705:
1074:
374:, where the Vellalar and the Koviyar castes are the dominating ones, particularly in Northern Sri Lanka. They constitute approximately half of the
2498:
3296:
2763:
2444:
2324:
1800:
52:
conform to caste-related jobs. The Civil War has also broken down caste barriers as they were seen as an obstacle toward ethnolinguistic unity.
3662:
4207:
3941:
1953:
1283:
5852:
5727:
3936:
3480:
3143:
510:, traditional sea-traders, are both colonial South Indian migrant castes and listed as their own ethnicities in Sri Lankan census. The
5737:
4063:
3196:
2162:
1934:
1137:
A SHORT HISTORY OF LANKA by Humphry William Codrington, CHAPTER I; THE BEGINNINGS 'The princess and her retinue/dowry (service castes)'
5995:
3794:
3454:
2629:
2318:
4893:
2786:
1763:
The Ceylon Gazetteer: Containing an Accurate Account of the Districts, Provinces, Cities, Towns ... &c. of the Island of Ceylon
275:
island throughout history have also influenced the caste system, some suggesting even a re-arrangement of the occupational castes.
5844:
5782:
4669:
3247:
2718:
2286:
750:"Historical Aspects of Caste in the Kandyan Regions with Particular Reference to the non-Goyigama Castes of the KĂ€galla District"
5824:
5155:
4801:
4308:
2958:
2947:
2726:
2661:
522:
5819:
4285:
3931:
3502:
3474:
3315:
2859:
2600:
2155:
2037:
1499:
1428:
948:
923:
898:
816:
729:
704:
5829:
4396:
3151:
3093:
3041:
2970:
2821:
5862:
3308:
3289:
2913:
2606:
2594:
2582:
2474:
1824:
Samarasinghe, S. W. R. de A.; Studies, International Centre for Ethnic; utviklingshjelp, Norway Direktoratet for (1990).
300:("the king's work"), which linked each caste to occupation and demanded service to the court and religious institutions.
1159:
6077:
6010:
5990:
5969:
3408:
3237:
1978:
1058:
1301:
M. M. M. Mahroof (NovemberâDecember 2000). "A Conspectus of Tamil Caste Systems in Sri Lanka: Away from a Parataxis".
5974:
5857:
5700:
4148:
3874:
3206:
3071:
2980:
2975:
2105:
2095:
1917:
1835:
1689:
1597:
1570:
1543:
1455:
1401:
1374:
1347:
1004:
1995:
6092:
5722:
3724:
3524:
3356:
3227:
2997:
2854:
2791:
2676:
2618:
2540:
2378:
2354:
2100:
The adaptable peasant: agrarian society in western Sri Lanka under Dutch rule, 1740â1800, Nirmal Ranjith Dewasiri,
342:
1147:
4363:
4214:
3046:
2965:
2849:
2837:
2686:
2300:
2211:
633:
5712:
4219:
4174:
4040:
3774:
3346:
3282:
3264:
3232:
3128:
3098:
3086:
2681:
2570:
2360:
284:
2132:
1265:
1232:
6082:
6005:
5777:
5772:
5256:
3242:
2366:
1048:
6000:
5834:
5799:
5750:
5474:
4559:
4081:
4058:
2992:
2908:
2898:
2864:
2768:
2691:
2432:
2312:
1860:
348:
252:
5954:
5944:
5811:
5019:
4524:
3864:
2953:
2918:
2741:
2486:
1852:
1136:
414:
352:
6087:
5934:
5273:
4794:
4303:
3351:
2890:
2883:
1148:
Buddhism Betrayed?: Religion, Politics, and Violence in Sri Lanka By Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah, p. 152-3
41:
1830:. International Centre for Ethnic Studies in association with NORAD and Vikas Pub. House. p. 70.
978:
226:, opposed extending voting rights to the people and urged reservation of franchise only to men of the
6072:
5959:
5899:
4295:
4257:
4073:
3341:
3103:
2756:
2564:
2504:
2330:
2229:
1204:
Sinhala Sanna ha Thudapath, Ananada this Kumara, Godage Publication,Second Edition,2006,pp 142,pp 137
832:
Mahroof, M. M. M. (2000). "A Conspectus of Tamil Caste Systems in Sri Lanka: Away from a Parataxis".
623:
239:
2083:
5904:
5894:
5251:
5063:
4411:
4389:
4179:
3972:
3814:
3580:
3444:
3113:
2903:
2612:
2516:
2390:
2199:
1222:
An Historical Relation Of The Island Ceylon In The East Indies, Robert Knox, 1681, pp. 46 & 73
6051:
5949:
5884:
4343:
4280:
3081:
3076:
3056:
2940:
2812:
2751:
2736:
2666:
2492:
2342:
2254:
1114:
425:
of the western part of the island, and predominantly Hindus in the eastern part of the island.
4035:
1968:
5909:
5538:
5280:
4272:
4050:
3854:
3593:
3464:
3133:
3066:
2874:
2830:
2746:
2651:
2528:
2522:
2480:
2468:
2438:
2402:
578:) and the group of Indian Tamil people who migrated to Sri Lanka as merchants also follows the
219:
3403:
2274:
1366:
The Intra-Group Dimensions of Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka: Learning to Read Between the Lines
5964:
5939:
5929:
5919:
5914:
5767:
4835:
4787:
4574:
4484:
4459:
4313:
3839:
3469:
3439:
2731:
2558:
2534:
2510:
2456:
2450:
2396:
2205:
2178:
2070:
1287:
628:
889:
Seneviratna, Anuradha; Silva, Nimal De; Lanka), Madhyama SaáčskrÌ„tika Aramudala (Sri (1999).
6025:
6020:
5924:
5794:
5745:
5139:
5105:
5090:
4926:
4873:
3884:
3859:
3748:
3714:
3677:
3507:
3336:
3118:
3108:
2845:
2703:
2552:
2420:
2414:
2384:
472:. The Kudimakkal gave ritual importance in marriage, funeral and other temple ceremonies.
326:
8:
5409:
5214:
5189:
5169:
5073:
4709:
4382:
4169:
3844:
3834:
2426:
2408:
2142:
2137:
579:
567:
503:
457:
433:
363:
227:
188:
76:
614:, washers and barbers. The yard sweepers and changes of clothes are in the lowest rank.
5566:
5548:
5543:
5531:
5365:
5184:
5164:
5134:
4916:
4888:
3804:
3753:
3741:
3571:
3531:
3514:
3061:
2348:
1885:
1877:
1742:
1699:
1318:
1068:
857:
809:
Society and Circulation: Mobile People and Itinerant Cultures in South Asia, 1750-1950
5571:
5489:
5226:
5179:
5117:
4946:
4764:
4349:
4262:
4030:
3911:
3789:
3758:
3667:
2101:
2091:
2033:
1974:
1913:
1831:
1685:
1643:
1593:
1566:
1539:
1495:
1451:
1424:
1397:
1370:
1343:
1097:
1054:
1029:
1000:
944:
919:
894:
849:
812:
771:
725:
700:
546:
545:
indicating the four-fold division is the earliest Tamil literature to mention caste.
515:
453:
402:
375:
96:
80:
35:
1889:
550:
417:
where they are the major landowners also involved in agriculture. The Mukkuvars are
6015:
5889:
5789:
5619:
5427:
5317:
5268:
5241:
4994:
4989:
4842:
4353:
3962:
3779:
3719:
3557:
2462:
2372:
2306:
2186:
1869:
1732:
1310:
841:
761:
575:
558:
526:
418:
288:
128:
72:
29:
1737:
1721:"Paraiyar Drummers of Sri Lanka: Consensus and Constraint in an Untouchable Caste"
1720:
1125:
5760:
5452:
5263:
5009:
4999:
3849:
3737:
3603:
2923:
2576:
2259:
2119:
1907:
1825:
1777:
1761:
1679:
1662:
1614:
1587:
1560:
1533:
1516:
1489:
1472:
1445:
1418:
1391:
1364:
1337:
994:
507:
465:
394:
386:
2060:"Causes of educated unemployment in developing countries: The case of Sri Lanka"
2048:
87:
and form approximately half the population of their respective ethnicities. The
5717:
5661:
5500:
5457:
5385:
5129:
5100:
5025:
4979:
4921:
4878:
4252:
3657:
3449:
3383:
3311:
1088:
Kshatriya, GK (December 1995). "Genetic affinities of Sri Lankan populations".
1020:
Kshatriya, GK (December 1995). "Genetic affinities of Sri Lankan populations".
990:
571:
223:
184:
1873:
1284:"Paranavithana S. 1970 Inscriptions of Ceylon Vol I Early Brahmi Inscriptions"
542:
6066:
5558:
5355:
5144:
5014:
5004:
4962:
4936:
4931:
4868:
4828:
4758:
3729:
2708:
2115:
An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon in the East Indies by Robert Knox
1647:
1250:
An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon in the East Indies by Robert Knox
1163:
853:
775:
448:(farmers), Kusavar (potters), Maraiyar (conch blowers), Nattuvar (musician),
410:
248:
172:
156:
3274:
2111:
Paranavithana S. 1970 Inscriptions of Ceylon Vol I Early Brahmi Inscriptions
1213:
Kandy Fights the Portuguese, C.Gaston Perera, Vijithayapa Publications, 2007
766:
749:
5591:
5518:
5297:
5287:
5206:
4956:
4863:
4813:
4128:
3784:
3631:
3519:
2336:
2249:
514:, found mainly in Eastern Sri Lanka are considered a Tamil caste among the
511:
479:
176:
152:
1101:
1033:
891:
World heritage city of Kandy, Sri Lanka: conservation and development plan
5755:
5586:
5576:
5526:
5508:
5419:
5380:
5174:
5085:
5068:
4768:
4012:
3957:
3704:
3621:
2696:
2264:
2244:
2120:
The International Dalit Solidarity Network: The Caste System in Sri Lanka
2003:
1474:
The Debasement of the law and of humanity and the drift towards total war
793:. Marga Institute, Sri Lanka Centre for Development Studies. p. 177.
144:
64:
2147:
2114:
1881:
1631:
1248:
5601:
4941:
4374:
4106:
3879:
3869:
3809:
3799:
2546:
2000:
Proceedings of First International Conference & Gathering of Elders
1322:
861:
807:
Markovits, Claude; Pouchepadass, Jacques; Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (2006).
587:
136:
132:
111:
under the Tamils. Both castes share a common origin with background in
84:
3641:
1746:
662:
Silva, Kalinga Tudor; Sivapragasam, P.P.; Thanges, Paramsothy (2009).
355:
societies and also the agricultural, coastal and artisanal societies.
251:
from India. Although the origin of Sri Lankan communities is unclear,
5647:
5642:
5609:
5581:
5469:
5464:
5400:
5375:
5322:
5236:
4951:
4883:
4101:
2090:
Social Change in 19th century Ceylon. Patrick Peebles. 1995, Navrang
611:
491:
487:
148:
140:
112:
2059:
1996:"Indian origin in Sri Lanka: Their plight and struggle for survival"
1518:
Tamils and Moors: caste and matriclan structure in eastern Sri Lanka
1314:
845:
5656:
5628:
5614:
5481:
5447:
5405:
5390:
5350:
5095:
4236:
1681:
The Yalpana-vaipava-malai, Or, The History of the Kingdom of Jaffna
1269:
664:"Caste Discrimination and Social Justice in Sri Lanka: An Overview"
607:
441:
437:
429:
422:
406:
390:
382:
314:
292:
208:
196:
192:
108:
92:
68:
1823:
1126:
Pre-Vijayan Agriculture in Sri Lanka, by Prof. T. W. Wikramanayake
5652:
5637:
5633:
5395:
5345:
5337:
5327:
5231:
5219:
5078:
4974:
4968:
4164:
3889:
1047:
Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Paolo Menozzi, Alberto Piazza (1996).
806:
499:
495:
449:
398:
378:
population and are the major land owning and agricultural caste.
371:
367:
180:
168:
164:
124:
120:
88:
2002:. International Center for Cultural Studies, USA. Archived from
1477:. UTHR (Jaffna), University of Jaffna, Thirunelvely. p. 31.
996:
Domestic Conflicts in South Asia: Economic and Ethnic Dimensions
381:
The Northern and Western coastal societies are dominated by the
247:
The documented history of the island begins with the arrival of
5624:
5437:
5370:
5310:
5305:
5112:
4779:
1393:
Linguistic Rivalries: Tamil Migrants and Anglo-Franco Conflicts
461:
445:
322:
318:
212:
207:
were the respective Sinhalese Ambattaya and Hinnava, and Tamil
200:
160:
104:
1954:"Philip Baldaeus Didn't See A Big Ethnic Difference In Ceylon"
127:
were collectively known as Navandanna by the Sinhalese and as
5432:
5360:
4911:
4231:
3391:
204:
116:
100:
5442:
4984:
3907:
1799:. Department of Census and Statistics. 2012. Archived from
1677:
1632:"The Sinhalese caste system of central and southern Ceylon"
1491:
Sarandib: An Ethnological Study of the Muslims of Sri Lanka
791:
Sri Lankan Mosaic: Environment, Man, Continuity, and Change
483:
385:, who are traditionally a seafaring and warrior caste. The
1827:
The Vanishing aborigines: Sri Lanka's Veddas in transition
1667:. Ceylon Branch of the royal Asiatic Society. p. 371.
1664:
A True and Exact Description of the Great Island of Ceylon
1046:
661:
333:
may be the first reference to a specialized occupation.
4124:
1471:(Jaffna), University Teachers for Human Rights (1991).
1782:. Vol. 4. University of Ceylon. 1975. p. 28.
888:
358:
The agricultural society has mainly the castes of the
1589:
Rituals, folk beliefs, and magical arts of Sri Lanka
968:. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 103â108.
916:
Rituals, Folk Beliefs, and Magical Arts of Sri Lanka
563:. Colonialism also had influenced the caste system.
478:
Other Sri Lankan Tamil castes of importance are the
2053:. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press; New Jersey.
1970:
Ritual, Caste, and Religion in Colonial South India
1853:"Islam, Politics and Violence in Eastern Sri Lanka"
697:
Sri Lanka: Current Issues and Historical Background
556:
529:don't practice the caste system, however, follow a
989:
2032:( ed.). Colombo: Vijitha Yapa Publications.
1586:PranÄndu, MihindukalasĆ«rya Är PÄ« SusantÄ (2005).
914:PranÄndu, MihindukalasĆ«rya Är PÄ« SusantÄ (2005).
878:. Ceylon Paediatric Association. 1977. p. 9.
533:system which is an extension of Tamil tradition.
6064:
3553:
1300:
1266:"The ancient 'Kaurava Pavilion' at Anuradhapura"
939:Lanka), Indian Heritage Foundation (Sri (2003).
570:, who were Indians brought to the island by the
413:in western Sri Lanka, dominate greater parts of
1794:"Census of Population and Housing of Sri Lanka"
1562:The New Wind: Changing Identities in South Asia
1535:The New Wind: Changing Identities in South Asia
460:(drummers and weavers), Turumbar (dhobies) and
1905:
1450:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 58â60.
131:by the Tamils. They constituted of respective
4795:
4390:
3304:
3290:
2163:
1912:. CSC and Pearson Education. pp. 30â37.
1636:Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences
1276:
171:production was in the hands of the Sinhalese
5699:
5479:
1704:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1257:
1073:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
586:. Their caste structure resembles that of a
525:are also shaped by the caste structure. The
3481:An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon
1416:
943:. Indian Heritage Foundation. p. 199.
401:traders and seamen who settled there under
4802:
4788:
4397:
4383:
3297:
3283:
2170:
2156:
1901:
1899:
1684:. Asian Educational Services. p. 57.
1623:
1423:. Lake House Investments. pp. 62â63.
566:Indian Tamils or Tamils of Indian origin (
494:(cultivators), kaikolar (cotton-weavers),
336:
159:was largely in the hands of the Sinhalese
3455:Portuguese conquest of the Jaffna kingdom
2177:
1993:
1766:. Cotta Church Mission Press. p. 55.
1736:
1718:
1616:The KarÄva of Ceylon: Society and Culture
1514:
1443:
1294:
1087:
1053:. Princeton University. pp. 239â40.
1019:
993:; Muni, Sukh Deo; Bahadur, Kalim (1986).
941:Indo-Lankans, their two hundred-year saga
918:. Susan International. pp. 459â460.
765:
5687:
4404:
3414:Sitawaka occupation of Kandy (1582â1592)
2027:
1966:
1960:
1951:
1945:
1932:
1660:
1612:
1585:
1470:
1396:. Oxford University Press. p. 236.
1342:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 65.
1152:
1050:The History and Geography of Human Genes
913:
724:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 65.
523:village deities of the Sri Lankan Tamils
506:, traditional merchants, along with the
3579:
1935:"Early Tamil society was free of caste"
1926:
1896:
1629:
1487:
1335:
999:. South Asian Publishers. p. 128.
831:
719:
199:, respectively. The domestic castes of
6065:
4309:Christian Reformed Church in Sri Lanka
3795:Sir John D'Oyly, 1st Baronet, of Kandy
2057:
1759:
938:
743:
741:
657:
655:
536:
262:Ancient Sri Lankan texts, such as the
5686:
5043:
4783:
4378:
4123:
3906:
3552:
3369:
3278:
2601:2018 Sri Lankan constitutional crisis
2151:
2133:Caste System in Ceylon, defonseka.com
1558:
1531:
1521:. University of Chicago. p. 160.
1040:
963:
893:. Central Cultural Fund. p. 56.
802:
800:
747:
694:
397:, who many also are descendants from
2445:State-sponsored colonisation schemes
2046:
1850:
1678:Pulavar, M.M. and Brito, C. (1999).
1592:. Susan International. p. 459.
1420:Portuguese Rule in Ceylon, 1594-1612
1362:
1263:
788:
83:, who are traditionally involved as
4359:
3709:
3435:Dissolution of the Sitawaka Kingdom
2607:2019 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka
2595:2018 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka
2583:2014 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka
1906:Chattopadhyaya, Brajadulal (2009).
1444:McGilvray, Dennis B. (1982-09-02).
1389:
754:Sri Lanka Journal of the Humanities
738:
652:
233:
183:of both ethnicities, the Sinhalese
13:
5045:
5044:
4064:Sinhala words of Portuguese origin
2273:
1817:
1619:. K.V.G. De SÄ«lva. pp. 87â88.
1565:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 203.
1538:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 186.
1339:Historical Dictionary of Sri Lanka
797:
722:Historical Dictionary of Sri Lanka
307:
14:
6104:
3875:Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya
2126:
1987:
1973:. Primus. p. 72,93â113,278.
671:Indian Institute of Dalit Studies
278:
135:castes traditionally involved as
16:Traditional social stratification
6047:
6046:
4809:
4763:
4754:
4753:
4358:
4348:
4339:
4338:
3725:Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
3589:House of Senasammata Vikramabahu
3259:
3258:
2792:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
2619:2022 Sri Lankan political crisis
2541:Burning of Jaffna Public Library
2355:Sri Lankan independence movement
1268:. De Fonseka Web. Archived from
699:. Nova Publishers. p. 153.
343:Category:Sri Lankan Tamil castes
2475:BandaranaikeâChelvanayakam Pact
2301:Crisis of the Sixteenth Century
2020:
1909:A Social History of Early India
1844:
1786:
1770:
1753:
1712:
1671:
1654:
1606:
1579:
1552:
1525:
1508:
1481:
1464:
1437:
1410:
1383:
1356:
1336:Peebles, Patrick (2015-10-22).
1329:
1241:
1225:
1216:
1207:
1198:
1189:
1177:
1141:
1130:
1119:
1108:
1081:
1013:
983:
972:
957:
932:
907:
720:Peebles, Patrick (2015-10-22).
634:Caste-related violence in India
428:The artisans, known locally as
191:, have religious importance in
5688:
4721:British Indian Ocean Territory
3775:Weliwita Sri Saranankara Thero
2682:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
1494:. Asiff Hussein. p. 222.
1447:Caste Ideology and Interaction
882:
876:Ceylon Journal of Child Health
868:
825:
782:
713:
688:
498:(royal palanquin bearers) and
1:
4286:Sinhala words of Dutch origin
3503:KandyanâDutch war (1764â1766)
3475:KandyanâDutch war (1670â1675)
2367:Colebrooke-Cameron Commission
2319:Portuguese conquest of Jaffna
2295:Kandyan independence movement
1738:10.1525/ae.1983.10.1.02a00060
1719:McGilvray, Dennis B. (1983).
1559:David, Kenneth (1977-01-01).
1532:David, Kenneth (1977-01-01).
1515:McGilvray, Dennis B. (1974).
748:Meyer, Eric P. (2014-12-09).
641:
91:under them are the Sinhalese
4059:Sri Lankan Portuguese creole
3525:Great Rebellion of 1817â1818
2769:Leftist parties in Sri Lanka
2692:Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism
1861:The Journal of Asian Studies
1760:Chitty, Simon Casie (1834).
1630:Gilbert, William H. (1945).
1417:Abeyasinghe, Tikiri (1966).
1363:Bush, Kenneth (2003-12-09).
1234:Land: Feudalism to Modernity
811:. Anthem Press. p. 59.
646:
253:genetic studies on Sinhalese
107:under the Sinhalese and the
67:is largely dominated by the
7:
3912:The Portuguese in Sri Lanka
3865:Udawattakele Forest Reserve
3599:House of Vimaladharmasuriya
3370:
2742:Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna
2589:Alleged coup d'Ă©tat attempt
2499:Alleged coup d'Ă©tat attempt
1661:Phillius, Baldaeus (1960).
617:
557:
549:however mentions only five
329:inscription referring to a
55:
10:
6109:
4894:Weberian (three-component)
2571:1987â1989 JVP insurrection
2361:Great Rebellion of 1817â18
2331:British invasion of Ceylon
1952:Fernando, Laksiri (2013).
964:Nyrop, Richard F. (1971).
340:
237:
21:caste systems in Sri Lanka
6078:Caste system in Sri Lanka
6042:
5983:
5875:
5843:
5810:
5736:
5708:
5695:
5682:
5600:
5557:
5517:
5499:
5418:
5336:
5296:
5205:
5198:
5153:
5056:
5052:
5039:
4902:
4856:
4852:
4823:
4749:
4708:
4668:
4410:
4334:
4294:
4271:
4245:
4195:
4188:
4157:
4141:
4119:
4094:
4072:
4049:
4023:
3988:
3981:
3950:
3924:
3902:
3827:
3767:
3697:
3690:
3650:
3612:
3570:
3548:
3490:
3422:
3382:
3365:
3332:
3325:
3256:
3220:
3164:
3142:
3019:
3012:
2932:
2873:
2860:National Security Council
2820:
2811:
2777:
2764:Defunct political parties
2757:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna
2717:
2639:
2628:
2565:1987 anti-Sinhalese riots
2505:Policy of standardisation
2285:
2271:
2185:
2058:Perera, H. T. D. (1978).
1967:Schröder, Ulrike (2012).
1874:10.1017/S002191181100088X
624:Social class in Sri Lanka
606:. This group consists of
555:associated with the five
543:TolkÄppiyam Porulatikaram
421:or Roman Catholic in the
287:, many traditions of the
240:Category:Sinhalese castes
6016:Pre-industrial East Asia
4470:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
4180:Indian Ocean slave trade
3973:Indian Ocean slave trade
3815:Wariyapola Sri Sumangala
3409:Wars of Kotte Succession
2971:Leader of the Opposition
2613:2022 Sri Lankan protests
2391:Ceylon National Congress
2313:SinhaleseâPortuguese War
2200:Donoughmore Constitution
2028:De Silva, K. M. (2014).
1613:Raghavan, M. D. (1961).
1369:. Springer. p. 52.
966:Area Handbook for Ceylon
6093:Caste system by country
5064:Administrative detainee
4731:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
4281:Sri Lankan Creole Malay
3460:1615 Colombo earthquake
3094:Enforced disappearances
2752:Tamil National Alliance
2737:Sri Lanka Freedom Party
2343:American Ceylon Mission
2224:2000 Draft Constitution
2218:1997 Draft Constitution
2212:Republican Constitution
2138:Caste amongst Sinhalese
2063:(Doctoral dissertation)
1488:Hussein, Asiff (2007).
1160:"Traditional Sri Lanka"
767:10.4038/sljh.v40i0.7229
337:Sri Lankan Tamil castes
5480:
4129:The Dutch in Sri Lanka
3855:Malwathu Maha Viharaya
3594:House of Siri Sanga Bo
3465:Kandyan Treaty of 1638
3238:Provincial governments
3192:North Western Province
3182:North Central Province
2855:Administrative Service
2747:Samagi Jana Balawegaya
2529:Vaddukoddai Resolution
2481:1958 anti-Tamil pogrom
2469:1956 anti-Tamil pogrom
2439:Ceylon Citizenship Act
2403:Donoughmore Commission
2279:
2240:Acts of the Parliament
2078:Cite journal requires
2050:Caste in modern Ceylon
2030:A history of Sri Lanka
1390:Das, Sonia N. (2016).
789:Swan, Bernard (1987).
695:Nubin, Walter (2002).
490:(former royal cooks),
220:Ponnambalam Ramanathan
6021:Pre-industrial Europe
4314:Lanka Reformed Church
3470:Siege of Galle (1640)
3440:Convention of Malvana
2981:Chief Opposition Whip
2976:Chief Government Whip
2787:Tamil militant groups
2732:United National Party
2559:Indo-Sri Lanka Accord
2535:1977 Sri Lankan riots
2511:1971 JVP insurrection
2457:Nehru-Kotelawala Pact
2451:1953 Ceylonese Hartal
2397:Jaffna Youth Congress
2277:
2235:Proposed Constitution
2206:Soulbury Constitution
2179:Politics of Sri Lanka
1779:Modern Ceylon Studies
629:Caste system in India
582:form which is called
6083:Society of Sri Lanka
5878: or countries
5689:By country or region
4927:Class discrimination
4645:United Arab Emirates
4405:Caste system in Asia
4001:Portuguese buildings
3885:Bogoda Wooden Bridge
3860:Asgiri Maha Viharaya
3508:Treaty of Batticaloa
3445:DutchâPortuguese War
3109:Indentured labourers
3072:Freedom of the press
2704:Non-Aligned Movement
2553:Sri Lankan Civil War
2421:Cocos Islands mutiny
2415:Bracegirdle Incident
2385:1915 Ceylonese riots
2195:Kandyan Constitution
2143:Caste amongst Tamils
2047:Ryan, Bryce (1953).
1956:. Colombo Telegraph.
1933:Kolappan, B (2015).
1725:American Ethnologist
399:South Indian Paravar
103:is dominated by the
5410:Vanniar (Chieftain)
4672:limited recognition
4170:Ceylonese rixdollar
3835:Temple of the Tooth
3392:Pre-Kandyan Period
3357:Transitional period
3228:Electoral districts
2986:Secretaries-General
2966:Leader of the House
2914:Magistrate's Courts
2493:SirimaâShastri Pact
2487:Coup d'Ă©tat attempt
2427:Soulbury Commission
2409:Suriya-Mal Movement
2379:Temperance movement
1851:Klem, Bart (2011).
580:Indian caste system
568:Hill Country Tamils
537:Indian Tamil castes
504:Sri Lankan Chetties
364:Sri Lankan Vellalar
268:Sadharmaratnavaliya
5991:18th-century Spain
5845:Standard of living
5549:Upper middle class
5544:Lower middle class
5135:Political prisoner
4917:Chattering classes
4889:Spoon class theory
3805:Keppetipola Disawe
3532:Kandyan Convention
3515:Invasion of Ceylon
3248:Political families
3087:Online Safety Bill
3047:Capital punishment
2523:SirimaâGandhi Pact
2349:Kandyan Convention
2280:
1994:Radhakrishnan, V.
179:. The traditional
6088:Feudalism in Asia
6060:
6059:
6038:
6037:
6034:
6033:
5871:
5870:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5670:
5669:
5572:Lumpenproletariat
5074:illegal immigrant
5035:
5034:
4947:Classless society
4777:
4776:
4714:other territories
4372:
4371:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4133:
4115:
4114:
4090:
4089:
3916:
3898:
3897:
3823:
3822:
3790:Gongalegoda Banda
3686:
3685:
3668:Diyawadana Nilame
3562:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3494:(1739–1815)
3426:(1592–1739)
3395:(1469–1592)
3272:
3271:
3243:Local governments
3233:Foreign relations
3202:Southern Province
3187:Northern Province
3160:
3159:
3129:Sexual minorities
3099:Gender inequality
3013:Political culture
3008:
3007:
2807:
2806:
2719:Political parties
2287:Political history
2278:Flag of Sri Lanka
2039:978-955-8095-92-8
1501:978-955-97262-2-7
1430:978-0-8426-0780-3
950:978-955-8790-00-7
925:978-955-96318-3-5
900:978-955-613-126-0
818:978-1-84331-231-4
731:978-1-4422-5585-2
706:978-1-59033-573-4
576:indentured labour
547:Sangam literature
516:Sri Lankan Tamils
466:domestic servants
452:(toddy-tappers),
415:Eastern Sri Lanka
285:Central Highlands
81:Sri Lankan Tamils
6100:
6073:Sinhalese castes
6050:
6049:
5877:
5778:Mexican-American
5706:
5705:
5697:
5696:
5684:
5683:
5485:
5428:Business magnate
5318:Knowledge worker
5203:
5202:
5091:dual or multiple
5054:
5053:
5041:
5040:
4995:Social exclusion
4990:Social cleansing
4904:
4854:
4853:
4843:Economic classes
4804:
4797:
4790:
4781:
4780:
4767:
4757:
4756:
4726:Christmas Island
4412:Sovereign states
4399:
4392:
4385:
4376:
4375:
4362:
4361:
4352:
4342:
4341:
4193:
4192:
4131:
4121:
4120:
3986:
3985:
3942:Captain-generals
3914:
3904:
3903:
3780:Ehelepola Nilame
3720:Esala Mangallaya
3695:
3694:
3673:Basnayaka Nilame
3614:AmÄtya Mandalaya
3577:
3576:
3560:
3558:Kingdom of Kandy
3550:
3549:
3495:
3491:Nayakkar Period
3427:
3396:
3389:
3388:
3367:
3366:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3276:
3275:
3262:
3261:
3212:Western Province
3177:Eastern Province
3172:Central Province
3017:
3016:
2818:
2817:
2662:Environmentalism
2637:
2636:
2463:Sinhala Only Act
2433:Independence Day
2373:Matale rebellion
2307:Wijayaba Kollaya
2172:
2165:
2158:
2149:
2148:
2087:
2081:
2076:
2074:
2066:
2064:
2054:
2043:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1903:
1894:
1893:
1857:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1805:
1798:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1740:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1703:
1695:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1309:(11/12): 40â59.
1303:Social Scientist
1298:
1292:
1291:
1286:. Archived from
1280:
1274:
1273:
1264:de Silva, Raaj.
1261:
1255:
1254:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1229:
1223:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1205:
1202:
1196:
1193:
1187:
1186:- Boundary Books
1181:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1162:. Archived from
1156:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1134:
1128:
1123:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1064:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1017:
1011:
1010:
987:
981:
976:
970:
969:
961:
955:
954:
936:
930:
929:
911:
905:
904:
886:
880:
879:
872:
866:
865:
840:(11/12): 40â59.
834:Social Scientist
829:
823:
822:
804:
795:
794:
786:
780:
779:
769:
745:
736:
735:
717:
711:
710:
692:
686:
685:
683:
681:
668:
659:
562:
527:Sri Lankan Moors
444:(lime burners),
376:Sri Lankan Tamil
360:Sri Lankan Panar
289:Kingdom of Kandy
234:Sinhalese castes
71:caste under the
37:Sri Lankan Tamil
6108:
6107:
6103:
6102:
6101:
6099:
6098:
6097:
6063:
6062:
6061:
6056:
6030:
5979:
5867:
5839:
5806:
5790:Underprivileged
5732:
5691:
5690:
5666:
5596:
5553:
5513:
5495:
5414:
5332:
5292:
5194:
5149:
5048:
5047:
5031:
5010:Social position
5000:Social mobility
4898:
4848:
4819:
4818:
4808:
4778:
4773:
4745:
4713:
4704:
4685:Northern Cyprus
4671:
4664:
4406:
4403:
4373:
4368:
4322:
4290:
4267:
4246:Related peoples
4241:
4208:Dutch buildings
4184:
4153:
4149:Dutch governors
4137:
4136:
4111:
4086:
4068:
4045:
4024:Related peoples
4019:
3977:
3946:
3920:
3919:
3894:
3850:The Kandy House
3819:
3763:
3682:
3646:
3637:Dugganna Nilame
3608:
3604:Nayaks of Kandy
3566:
3565:
3536:
3496:
3493:
3486:
3428:
3425:
3423:Kandyan Period
3418:
3397:
3394:
3378:
3377:
3361:
3328:
3321:
3320:
3303:
3273:
3268:
3252:
3216:
3156:
3138:
3004:
2993:16th Parliament
2928:
2924:Labour Tribunal
2909:District courts
2899:Court of appeal
2869:
2865:Law enforcement
2803:
2773:
2727:Current parties
2713:
2631:
2624:
2577:Mawanella riots
2281:
2269:
2260:Roman-Dutch law
2181:
2176:
2129:
2124:
2079:
2077:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2040:
2023:
2018:
2009:
2007:
1992:
1988:
1981:
1965:
1961:
1950:
1946:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1904:
1897:
1855:
1849:
1845:
1838:
1822:
1818:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1758:
1754:
1717:
1713:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1676:
1672:
1659:
1655:
1628:
1624:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1584:
1580:
1573:
1557:
1553:
1546:
1530:
1526:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1486:
1482:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1415:
1411:
1404:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1361:
1357:
1350:
1334:
1330:
1315:10.2307/3518280
1299:
1295:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1262:
1258:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1182:
1178:
1169:
1167:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1109:
1086:
1082:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1045:
1041:
1018:
1014:
1007:
991:Phadnis, Urmila
988:
984:
977:
973:
962:
958:
951:
937:
933:
926:
912:
908:
901:
887:
883:
874:
873:
869:
846:10.2307/3518280
830:
826:
819:
805:
798:
787:
783:
746:
739:
732:
718:
714:
707:
693:
689:
679:
677:
666:
660:
653:
649:
644:
620:
539:
508:Bharatha people
502:(Warrior). The
482:(oil-presser),
423:Puttalam region
419:largely Muslims
403:Portuguese rule
345:
339:
310:
308:Southern castes
281:
272:Yogaratnakaraya
242:
236:
58:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6106:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6054:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6011:Ottoman Empire
6008:
6003:
5998:
5996:Ancient Greece
5993:
5987:
5985:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5977:
5972:
5970:United Kingdom
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5881:
5879:
5873:
5872:
5869:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5863:Home-ownership
5860:
5855:
5849:
5847:
5841:
5840:
5838:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5816:
5814:
5808:
5807:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5787:
5786:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5742:
5740:
5734:
5733:
5731:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5718:American Dream
5715:
5709:
5703:
5693:
5692:
5680:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5668:
5667:
5665:
5664:
5659:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5631:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5606:
5604:
5598:
5597:
5595:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5563:
5561:
5555:
5554:
5552:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5535:
5534:
5523:
5521:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5505:
5503:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5486:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5461:
5460:
5455:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5424:
5422:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5412:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5342:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5314:
5313:
5302:
5300:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5278:
5277:
5276:
5261:
5260:
5259:
5254:
5246:
5245:
5244:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5223:
5222:
5211:
5209:
5200:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5161:
5159:
5151:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5130:Migrant worker
5127:
5122:
5121:
5120:
5110:
5109:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5083:
5082:
5081:
5076:
5066:
5060:
5058:
5050:
5049:
5046:By demographic
5037:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5026:Status Anxiety
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4980:Ranked society
4977:
4972:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4922:Class conflict
4919:
4914:
4908:
4906:
4905: topics
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4879:Mudsill theory
4876:
4871:
4866:
4860:
4858:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4839:
4832:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4799:
4792:
4784:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4771:
4761:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4717:
4715:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4416:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4379:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4356:
4346:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4316:
4300:
4298:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4277:
4275:
4269:
4268:
4266:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4253:Burgher people
4249:
4247:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4199:
4197:
4190:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4145:
4143:
4142:Administration
4139:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4125:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4109:
4104:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4084:
4078:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4055:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3992:
3990:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3954:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3937:Captain-majors
3934:
3928:
3926:
3925:Administration
3922:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3908:
3900:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3831:
3829:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3715:Esala Perahera
3712:
3710:Kandyan castes
3707:
3701:
3699:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3658:Rate Mahatmaya
3654:
3652:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3627:Maha Mohottala
3624:
3618:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3585:
3583:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3554:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3517:
3512:
3511:
3510:
3499:
3497:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3450:Mannar martyrs
3447:
3442:
3437:
3431:
3429:
3424:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3312:Kandyan period
3305:
3302:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3279:
3270:
3269:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3148:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3042:Assassinations
3039:
3037:19th Amendment
3034:
3032:13th Amendment
3029:
3023:
3021:
3014:
3010:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2954:Prime Minister
2951:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2919:Primary Courts
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2879:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2826:
2824:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2783:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2723:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2643:
2641:
2634:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2568:
2562:
2556:
2550:
2544:
2538:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2478:
2472:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2448:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2412:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2291:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2128:
2127:External links
2125:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2109:
2098:
2088:
2080:|journal=
2055:
2044:
2038:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2016:
1986:
1980:978-9380607214
1979:
1959:
1944:
1925:
1918:
1895:
1868:(3): 730â753.
1843:
1836:
1816:
1785:
1769:
1752:
1711:
1690:
1670:
1653:
1622:
1605:
1598:
1578:
1571:
1551:
1544:
1524:
1507:
1500:
1480:
1463:
1456:
1436:
1429:
1409:
1402:
1382:
1375:
1355:
1348:
1328:
1293:
1290:on 2016-03-04.
1275:
1272:on 2016-03-03.
1256:
1240:
1224:
1215:
1206:
1197:
1188:
1176:
1151:
1140:
1129:
1118:
1107:
1080:
1060:978-0691029054
1059:
1039:
1012:
1005:
982:
971:
956:
949:
931:
924:
906:
899:
881:
867:
824:
817:
796:
781:
737:
730:
712:
705:
687:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
639:
638:
637:
636:
626:
619:
616:
538:
535:
464:(dhobies) the
409:, traditional
338:
335:
309:
306:
280:
279:Kandyan castes
277:
235:
232:
224:British Ceylon
57:
54:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6105:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6068:
6053:
6045:
6044:
6041:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5988:
5986:
5982:
5976:
5975:United States
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5876:Other regions
5874:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5846:
5842:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5813:
5809:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5791:
5788:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5766:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5748:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5739:
5735:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5701:United States
5698:
5694:
5685:
5681:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5607:
5605:
5603:
5599:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5560:
5556:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5525:
5524:
5522:
5520:
5516:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5502:
5498:
5492:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5411:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5307:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5299:
5295:
5289:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5270:
5267:
5266:
5265:
5262:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5240:
5239:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5208:
5204:
5201:
5197:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5152:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5140:Socioeconomic
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5087:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5071:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5055:
5051:
5042:
5038:
5028:
5027:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5015:Social stigma
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5005:Social orphan
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4970:
4965:
4964:
4963:Nouveau riche
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4937:Class traitor
4935:
4933:
4932:Class society
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4901:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4869:Gilbert model
4867:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4825:
4822:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4805:
4800:
4798:
4793:
4791:
4786:
4785:
4782:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4760:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4695:South Ossetia
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4667:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4409:
4400:
4395:
4393:
4388:
4386:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4365:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4345:
4337:
4336:
4333:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4304:Protestantism
4302:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4293:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4270:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4187:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4144:
4140:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3980:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3533:
3530:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3421:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3300:
3295:
3293:
3288:
3286:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3267:
3266:
3255:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3027:6th Amendment
3025:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3011:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2891:Chief Justice
2888:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2884:Supreme Court
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2709:Unitary state
2707:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2447:(1950sâ2000s)
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2325:Fall of Kotte
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2276:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2173:
2168:
2166:
2161:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2108:, p. 201
2107:
2106:90-04-16508-8
2103:
2099:
2097:
2096:81-7013-141-3
2093:
2089:
2085:
2072:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2025:
2006:on 2008-03-20
2005:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1982:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1921:
1919:9788131719589
1915:
1911:
1910:
1902:
1900:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1854:
1847:
1839:
1837:9780706952988
1833:
1829:
1828:
1820:
1806:on 2016-03-04
1802:
1795:
1789:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1731:(1): 97â115.
1730:
1726:
1722:
1715:
1707:
1701:
1693:
1691:9788120613621
1687:
1683:
1682:
1674:
1666:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1609:
1601:
1599:9789559631835
1595:
1591:
1590:
1582:
1574:
1572:9783110807752
1568:
1564:
1563:
1555:
1547:
1545:9783110807752
1541:
1537:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1484:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1457:9780521241458
1453:
1449:
1448:
1440:
1432:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1413:
1405:
1403:9780190461782
1399:
1395:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1376:9780230597822
1372:
1368:
1367:
1359:
1351:
1349:9781442255852
1345:
1341:
1340:
1332:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1253:. 2004-12-13.
1252:
1251:
1244:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1185:
1180:
1166:on 2011-09-27
1165:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1096:(6): 843â66.
1095:
1091:
1084:
1076:
1070:
1062:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1028:(6): 843â66.
1027:
1023:
1016:
1008:
1006:9788170030713
1002:
998:
997:
992:
986:
980:
975:
967:
960:
952:
946:
942:
935:
927:
921:
917:
910:
902:
896:
892:
885:
877:
871:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
828:
820:
814:
810:
803:
801:
792:
785:
777:
773:
768:
763:
759:
755:
751:
744:
742:
733:
727:
723:
716:
708:
702:
698:
691:
676:
672:
665:
658:
656:
651:
635:
632:
631:
630:
627:
625:
622:
621:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
564:
561:
560:
554:
553:
548:
544:
534:
532:
528:
524:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:Mannar region
392:
388:
384:
379:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
356:
354:
350:
344:
334:
332:
331:Karava Devika
328:
324:
320:
316:
305:
301:
299:
294:
290:
286:
276:
273:
269:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
249:Prince Vijaya
245:
241:
231:
229:
225:
221:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
157:toddy tapping
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
63:The interior
61:
53:
49:
48:
45:
44:
43:Indian Tamils
39:
38:
33:
32:
25:
22:
6026:Soviet Union
6001:Ancient Rome
5858:Homelessness
5783:Upper Middle
5655: /
5636: /
5627: /
5592:Working poor
5488:
5475:Robber baron
5298:Intellectual
5288:Royal family
5252:Ancient Rome
5106:second-class
5024:
4967:
4966: /
4961:
4957:High society
4864:Elite theory
4841:
4834:
4827:
4814:Social class
4710:Dependencies
4640:Turkmenistan
4614:
4605:Saudi Arabia
4203:Architecture
4132:(1658â 1796)
3996:Architecture
3845:Natha Devale
3840:Royal Palace
3785:Gajaman Nona
3742:in Sinhalese
3678:Capital city
3663:Badde Lekams
3632:Maha Dissava
3520:Kandyan Wars
3479:
3342:Bibliography
3263:
3197:Sabaragamuwa
3104:Human rights
3052:Caste system
3051:
2946:
2939:
2889:
2882:
2848: /
2836:
2829:
2779:Other groups
2657:Conservatism
2517:Republic Day
2337:Kandyan Wars
2250:Thesavalamai
2230:Constitution
2071:cite journal
2049:
2029:
2021:Bibliography
2008:. Retrieved
2004:the original
1999:
1989:
1969:
1962:
1947:
1938:
1928:
1908:
1865:
1859:
1846:
1826:
1819:
1808:. Retrieved
1801:the original
1788:
1778:
1772:
1762:
1755:
1728:
1724:
1714:
1680:
1673:
1663:
1656:
1642:(3): 69â87.
1639:
1635:
1625:
1615:
1608:
1588:
1581:
1561:
1554:
1534:
1527:
1517:
1510:
1490:
1483:
1473:
1466:
1446:
1439:
1419:
1412:
1392:
1385:
1365:
1358:
1338:
1331:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1288:the original
1278:
1270:the original
1259:
1249:
1243:
1233:
1227:
1218:
1209:
1200:
1191:
1183:
1179:
1168:. Retrieved
1164:the original
1154:
1143:
1132:
1121:
1110:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1049:
1042:
1025:
1021:
1015:
995:
985:
974:
965:
959:
940:
934:
915:
909:
890:
884:
875:
870:
837:
833:
827:
808:
790:
784:
757:
753:
721:
715:
696:
690:
678:. Retrieved
674:
670:
603:
599:
595:
592:
583:
565:
551:
540:
530:
520:
512:Coast Veddas
477:
474:
469:
427:
411:pearl divers
380:
357:
346:
330:
311:
302:
297:
282:
271:
267:
263:
261:
256:
246:
243:
217:
101:coastal land
62:
59:
50:
46:
42:
36:
30:
26:
20:
18:
5945:New Zealand
5662:Untouchable
5587:Proletariat
5577:Pea-pickers
5527:Bourgeoisie
5215:Aristocracy
5101:naturalized
5096:native-born
4769:Asia portal
4670:States with
4590:Philippines
4530:South Korea
4525:North Korea
4420:Afghanistan
4364:WikiProject
4215:Place names
4082:Catholicism
4013:Baila music
3915:(1597â1658)
3734:Literature
3705:Kandyan law
3622:Maha Adigar
3561:(1469â1815)
3327:1592 â 1815
3165:By province
3144:Terminology
3114:LGBT rights
2933:Legislative
2904:High Courts
2697:Tamil Eelam
2573:(1987â1989)
2555:(1983â2009)
2411:(1933â1939)
2363:(1817â1818)
2357:(1817â1948)
2339:(1796â1818)
2321:(1560â1619)
2315:(1527â1658)
2303:(1505â1594)
2265:English law
2245:Kandyan law
1184:Kadayimpoth
604:lower lines
486:(priests),
456:(farmers),
440:(barbers),
434:Vishwakarma
153:stonemasons
145:coppersmith
75:and by the
65:arable land
6067:Categories
5935:Luxembourg
5825:Inequality
5490:Superclass
5281:Hereditary
5257:Post-Roman
5248:Patrician
5118:adolescent
4942:Classicide
4650:Uzbekistan
4625:Tajikistan
4540:Kyrgyzstan
4520:Kazakhstan
4440:Bangladesh
4430:Azerbaijan
4107:Joseph Vaz
4041:Portuguese
3880:Kandy Lake
3870:Wales Park
3810:Puran Appu
3800:Joseph Vaz
3572:Government
3082:Media bias
3077:Censorship
3057:Corruption
2941:Parliament
2850:Ministries
2831:Presidency
2813:Government
2677:Separatism
2672:Liberalism
2667:Federalism
2647:Capitalism
2640:Ideologies
2547:Black July
2255:Muslim law
2010:2008-01-23
1810:2017-12-20
1195:Mahavansha
1170:2011-11-09
642:References
588:Tamil Nadu
470:Kudimakkal
468:termed as
341:See also:
298:Rajakariya
264:Pujavaliya
238:See also:
187:and Tamil
175:and Tamil
163:and Tamil
149:carpenters
137:blacksmith
133:endogamous
95:and Tamil
85:husbandmen
79:under the
5960:Sri Lanka
5853:Education
5820:Household
5713:Affluence
5648:Rat tribe
5610:Ant tribe
5582:Precariat
5567:Lazzaroni
5509:Bohemians
5470:Overclass
5465:Old money
5401:Spartiate
5376:Kshatriya
5366:Hashashin
5323:Professor
5264:Political
5237:Oligarchy
5227:Hanseaten
5145:Stateless
5125:Convicted
5057:By status
5020:Subaltern
4952:Euthenics
4884:New class
4736:Hong Kong
4690:Palestine
4615:Sri Lanka
4610:Singapore
4490:Indonesia
4273:Languages
4102:Lascarins
4051:Languages
3828:Landmarks
3152:White van
3134:Terrorism
3067:Elections
2875:Judiciary
2838:President
2822:Executive
2687:Socialism
2652:Communism
2632:movements
2630:Political
1939:The Hindu
1700:cite book
1648:0043-0439
1090:Hum. Biol
1069:cite book
1022:Hum. Biol
854:0970-0293
776:2279-3321
760:: 21â54.
647:Citations
612:Sakkiliar
608:Paraiyars
596:manganese
590:village.
531:matriclan
492:Seerpadar
488:Madapalli
407:Mukkuvars
383:Karaiyars
327:Abayagiri
173:Vahumpura
141:goldsmith
113:seafaring
73:Sinhalese
31:Sinhalese
6052:Category
5984:Historic
5905:Colombia
5895:Cambodia
5830:Personal
5728:Mobility
5657:Freedman
5643:Plebeian
5629:Prisoner
5615:Commoner
5501:Creative
5482:Seigneur
5448:Nobility
5406:Vanniyar
5391:Pendekar
5351:Cossacks
4985:Snobbery
4857:Theories
4759:Category
4680:Abkhazia
4630:Thailand
4585:Pakistan
4565:Mongolia
4560:Maldives
4555:Malaysia
4455:Cambodia
4344:Category
4296:Religion
4237:Lamprais
4074:Religion
4036:Mestiços
3968:Cinnamon
3932:Captains
3749:Frescoes
3581:Monarchs
3404:Founding
3347:Timeline
3265:Category
3124:Scandals
1890:27739665
1882:41302391
618:See also
458:Paraiyar
442:Kadaiyar
438:Ambattar
430:Kammalar
391:Thimilar
389:and the
349:Northern
321:and the
315:Salagama
293:Govigama
257:Govigama
228:Vellalar
222:, under
209:Ambattar
197:Hinduism
193:Buddhism
189:Paraiyar
181:drummers
155:. While
129:Kammalar
125:artisans
109:Karaiyar
93:Bathgama
89:peasants
77:Vellalar
69:Govigama
56:Overview
5955:Romania
5950:Nigeria
5835:Poverty
5738:Classes
5723:History
5634:Peasant
5620:Outcast
5559:Working
5539:Burgher
5396:Samurai
5386:OcÄlĆtl
5346:Chhetri
5338:Warrior
5328:Scholar
5242:Russian
5232:Magnate
5220:Aristoi
5199:By type
5086:Citizen
5079:refugee
4975:Poverty
4969:Parvenu
4903:Related
4874:Marxian
4836:Stratum
4655:Vietnam
4570:Myanmar
4550:Lebanon
4480:Georgia
4435:Bahrain
4425:Armenia
4196:Culture
4189:Society
4165:Stuiver
4158:Economy
4031:Kaffirs
3989:Culture
3982:Society
3951:Economy
3890:Walauwa
3759:Jewelry
3754:Ivories
3738:in Pali
3698:Culture
3691:Society
3642:BandÄra
3384:History
3374:History
3337:Outline
3314:topics
3119:Poverty
2998:Members
2948:Speaker
2846:Cabinet
2297:(1470s)
1323:3518280
1102:8543296
1034:8543296
862:3518280
680:29 July
600:distant
572:British
500:Maravar
496:Siviyar
450:Nalavar
387:Paravar
372:Koviyar
368:Nalavar
353:Eastern
283:In the
230:caste.
205:dhobies
201:barbers
177:Cantars
169:jaggery
165:Nalavar
121:warfare
105:Karavas
97:Pallars
5910:France
5890:Belize
5885:Africa
5812:Income
5768:Middle
5761:Gentry
5625:Outlaw
5532:Petite
5519:Middle
5453:Landed
5438:Gentry
5371:Knight
5311:Priest
5306:Clergy
5269:Family
5207:Ruling
5156:collar
5113:Clique
4829:Status
4700:Taiwan
4635:Turkey
4600:Russia
4535:Kuwait
4515:Jordan
4505:Israel
4465:Cyprus
4450:Brunei
4445:Bhutan
4354:Portal
4263:Malays
4175:Coffee
3768:People
3020:Issues
2959:Office
2797:Others
2621:(2022)
2615:(2022)
2609:(2019)
2603:(2018)
2597:(2018)
2591:(2015)
2585:(2014)
2579:(2001)
2567:(1987)
2561:(1987)
2549:(1983)
2543:(1981)
2537:(1977)
2531:(1976)
2525:(1974)
2519:(1972)
2513:(1971)
2507:(1971)
2501:(1966)
2495:(1964)
2489:(1962)
2483:(1958)
2477:(1957)
2471:(1956)
2465:(1956)
2459:(1954)
2453:(1953)
2441:(1948)
2435:(1948)
2429:(1944)
2423:(1942)
2417:(1937)
2405:(1927)
2399:(1924)
2393:(1919)
2387:(1915)
2381:(1895)
2375:(1848)
2369:(1829)
2351:(1815)
2345:(1813)
2333:(1795)
2327:(1597)
2309:(1521)
2226:(2000)
2220:(1997)
2214:(1972)
2208:(1947)
2202:(1931)
2104:
2094:
2036:
1977:
1916:
1888:
1880:
1834:
1747:644706
1745:
1688:
1646:
1596:
1569:
1542:
1498:
1454:
1427:
1400:
1373:
1346:
1321:
1100:
1057:
1032:
1003:
947:
922:
897:
860:
852:
815:
774:
728:
703:
559:tinais
480:Cantar
462:Vannar
454:Pallar
446:Koviar
405:. The
323:Karava
319:Durava
317:, the
213:Vannar
185:Berava
161:Durava
123:. The
99:. The
6006:Aztec
5965:Tibet
5940:Nepal
5930:Italy
5920:India
5915:Haiti
5900:China
5800:Under
5795:Lower
5773:Black
5756:Donor
5751:Black
5746:Upper
5653:Slave
5602:Under
5458:Petty
5433:Elite
5420:Upper
5361:Harii
5356:CuÄuh
5190:White
5170:Green
5069:Alien
4912:Caste
4741:Macau
4660:Yemen
4620:Syria
4595:Qatar
4575:Nepal
4510:Japan
4485:India
4475:Egypt
4460:China
4258:Dutch
4232:Kokis
4227:Music
4220:Dutch
4095:Other
4008:Music
3963:Tombo
3958:Maral
3730:Dance
3651:Other
3352:Years
3221:Other
3062:Crime
1886:S2CID
1878:JSTOR
1856:(PDF)
1804:(PDF)
1797:(PDF)
1743:JSTOR
1319:JSTOR
858:JSTOR
667:(PDF)
552:kudis
117:trade
5925:Iran
5638:Serf
5443:Lord
5381:Nair
5274:List
5185:Pink
5175:Grey
5165:Blue
5154:By "
4580:Oman
4545:Laos
4500:Iraq
4495:Iran
2102:ISBN
2092:ISBN
2084:help
2034:ISBN
1975:ISBN
1914:ISBN
1832:ISBN
1706:link
1686:ISBN
1644:ISSN
1594:ISBN
1567:ISBN
1540:ISBN
1496:ISBN
1452:ISBN
1425:ISBN
1398:ISBN
1371:ISBN
1344:ISBN
1098:PMID
1075:link
1055:ISBN
1030:PMID
1001:ISBN
945:ISBN
920:ISBN
895:ISBN
850:ISSN
813:ISBN
772:ISSN
726:ISBN
701:ISBN
682:2014
584:jÄti
541:The
521:The
484:Iyer
370:and
351:and
211:and
203:and
195:and
151:and
119:and
40:and
19:The
5180:New
4712:and
3207:Uva
2187:Law
1870:doi
1733:doi
1311:doi
842:doi
762:doi
675:III
602:or
574:as
432:or
6069::
3740:,
2075::
2073:}}
2069:{{
1998:.
1937:.
1898:^
1884:.
1876:.
1866:70
1864:.
1858:.
1741:.
1729:10
1727:.
1723:.
1702:}}
1698:{{
1640:35
1638:.
1634:.
1317:.
1307:28
1305:.
1094:67
1092:.
1071:}}
1067:{{
1026:67
1024:.
856:.
848:.
838:28
836:.
799:^
770:.
758:40
756:.
752:.
740:^
673:.
669:.
654:^
610:,
518:.
366:,
362:,
270:,
266:,
259:.
215:.
167:,
147:,
143:,
139:,
115:,
34:,
5408:/
5158:"
4803:e
4796:t
4789:v
4398:e
4391:t
4384:v
3316:â
3309:â
3298:e
3291:t
3284:v
2171:e
2164:t
2157:v
2086:)
2082:(
2065:.
2042:.
2013:.
1983:.
1941:.
1922:.
1892:.
1872::
1840:.
1813:.
1749:.
1735::
1708:)
1694:.
1650:.
1602:.
1575:.
1548:.
1504:.
1460:.
1433:.
1406:.
1379:.
1352:.
1325:.
1313::
1237:.
1173:.
1104:.
1077:)
1063:.
1036:.
1009:.
953:.
928:.
903:.
864:.
844::
821:.
778:.
764::
734:.
709:.
684:.
47:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.