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242:(signed and dated on the ledge: Catharina van ÿkens . filia Devota f. 1688, at Sotheby's London of 6 July 2017, lot 115) contains the typical symbols present in vanitas paintings such as a skull and wilting flowers, but has a distinctive macabre aspect by putting the skull crowned with a wig on a bust and having a bird pick at some berries on a branch pinned to the front of the bust.
185:. These works are usually attributed to Catarina (II) but may also have been painted by Catarina (I). The two compositions depict a garland of flowers and leaves surrounding a landscape. In each of these works, the landscape was not painted by Catherine Ykens herself, but the identity of their author(s) is not known.
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still life, a genre of still life which offers a reflection on the meaninglessness of earthly life and the transient nature of all earthly goods and pursuits. This meaning is conveyed in these still lifes through the use of stock symbols, which reference the transience of things and, in particular,
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symbolises, for instance, the resurrection of Christ on which, according to the
Christian faith, the salvation of each human being depends. While most of these symbols reference earthly existence (books, scientific instruments, etc.) or the transience of life and death (skulls, soap bubbles) some
171:). By the second half of the 17th century secular themes such as portraits and mythological subjects also decorated the central part of the many paintings made in this fashion. Two examples of such later development are two signed garland paintings by Catarina Ykens in the
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the futility of earthly wealth: a skull, soap bubbles, candles, empty glasses, wilting flowers, insects, smoke, watches, mirrors, books, hourglasses and musical instruments, various expensive or exclusive objects such as jewellery and rare shells. The term
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Katlijne Van der
Stighelen, Mirjam Westen, Maaike Meijer, Leen de Jong, Elizabeth Honig, Yvette Marcus-De Groot, Esther Tobé, Sabine van Cauwenberge, Riet van der Linden, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Museum voor Moderne Kunst,
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symbols used in the vanitas paintings carry a dual meaning: the rose refers as much to the brevity of life as it is a symbol of the resurrection of Christ and thus eternal life. Catarina's composition
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The worldview behind vanitas paintings was a
Christian understanding of the world as a temporary place of fleeting pleasures and sorrows from which mankind could only escape through the sacrifice and
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71:(spiritual daughter), a term which refers to an unmarried Catholic woman who took a vow of chastity before a priest, usually obeying, not bound by vows, a superior, also known as her confessor.
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paintings. Garland paintings are a special type of still life developed in
Antwerp by Jan Brueghel the Elder in collaboration with the Italian
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Garland paintings typically show a flower garland around a devotional image, portrait or other religious symbol (such as the
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still lifes as well as history paintings with biblical themes. The few surviving paintings attributed to her are
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David
Freedberg, "The Origins and Rise of the Flemish Madonnas in Flower Garlands, Decoration and Devotion",
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at the beginning of the 17th century. Other artists involved in the early development of the genre included
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99:. Her works are sometimes confused with the works of another Antwerp painter of the same name known as
60:, a history and portrait painter. She apprenticed under her father and became a master in the Antwerp
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and his second wife
Barbara Brekevelt and was baptized on 24 February 1659. She was the sister of
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103:(née Floquet), born between 1608 and 1618 in Antwerp, who was the wife of the still life painter
36:(1659 - 1737 or later) was a Flemish painter. The few surviving paintings attributed to her are
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Seventeenth-Century
Flemish Garland Paintings. Still Life, Vision and the Devotional Image
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is derived from the famous line 'Vanitas, Vanitas. Et omnia
Vanitas', in the book of the
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in Aix-en-Provence is signed and dated 1737. This is her latest known dated work.
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Elck zijn waerom : vrouwelijke kunstenaars in België en
Nederland, 1500-1950
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but she is also believed to have painted history paintings with biblical themes.
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court (then the rulers over the
Habsburg Netherlands) and in Antwerp generally.
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movement. It was further inspired by the cult of veneration and devotion to
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De liggeren en andere historische archieven der Antwerpsche sint Lucasgilde
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152:. The genre was initially connected to the visual imagery of the Catholic
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Volume 2, by Ph. Rombouts and Th. van Lerius, Antwerp, 1864, pp. 522, 529
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From Bonbon to Cha-cha. Oxford Dictionary of Foreign Words and Phrases
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The Vanitas Still Lifes of Harmen Steenwyck: Metaphoric Realism
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Vanitas bust of a lady with a crown of flowers on a ledge
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Vanitas bust of a lady with a crown of flowers on a ledge
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Vanitas bust of a lady with a crown of flowers on a ledge
358:(2nd ed.). New York: Paddington Press. p.
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Our Hidden Heritage: Five Centuries of Women Artists
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337:The Flemish flower painters in the XVIIth century
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67:The record of the Guild mentions that she was a
91:She is known for her flower garland paintings,
335:Hairs, Marie-Louise; Finet, Dominique (1985).
258:Family name also spelled 'Ijkens' and 'Eykens'
308:Lesser-Known Women: A Biographical Dictionary
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465:Oxford Treasury of Sayings and Quotations
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339:. Lefebvre et Gillet. pp. 183, 286.
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24:The Virgin and Child in a Floral Wreath
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420:Münchener Jahrbuch der bildenden Kunst
535:, Edwin Mellen Press, 1990, p. vi-vii
501:Delahunty, Andrew (23 October 2008).
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462:Ratcliffe, Susan (13 October 2011).
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224:"Vanity of vanities, all is vanity"
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310:. Boulder u.a.: Rienner. p.
74:It is not clear when she died. A
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438:, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2012
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52:as the daughter of the painter
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64:in the guild year 1687-1688.
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616:18th-century Flemish painters
403:Flower garland with landscape
401:Catarina or Catharina Ykens,
304:"Catharina Ykens, aka Ijkens"
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177:Flower garland with landscape
120:Flower garland with landscape
302:Golemba, Beverly E. (1992).
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601:Flemish still life painters
452:. Ludion, 1999, pp. 193-195
422:, xxxii, 1981, pp. 115–150.
218:in the bible, which in the
30:Catarina or Catharina Ykens
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182:Landscape inside a garland
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16:Flemish artist (1659–1737)
596:Flemish Baroque painters
203:She is also known for a
507:. Oxford: OUP. p.
350:Tufts, Eleanor (1973).
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591:Flemish women painters
231:resurrection of Christ
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545:Catarina Ykens (II),
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606:Artists from Antwerp
572:at Wikimedia Commons
570:Catarina Ykens (II)
275:Catarina Ykens (II)
154:Counter-Reformation
69:geestelycke dochter
62:Guild of Saint Luke
34:Catarina Ykens (II)
383:Catarina Ykens (I)
220:King James Version
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138:Hendrick van Balen
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101:Catarina Ykens (I)
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568:Media related to
531:Kristine Koozin,
518:978-0-199-54369-4
487:978-0-199-60912-3
369:978-0-8467-0026-5
321:978-1-55587-301-1
222:is translated as
199:Vanitas paintings
160:prevalent at the
146:Peter Paul Rubens
134:Federico Borromeo
111:Garland paintings
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586:1659 births
235:wheat stalk
105:Frans Ykens
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58:Peter Ykens
38:still lifes
580:Categories
476:. p.
246:References
179:and the
162:Habsburg
131:cardinal
76:Nativity
385:at the
277:in the
212:vanitas
206:vanitas
127:garland
93:vanitas
87:General
50:Antwerp
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470:Oxford
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233:. A
513:ISBN
482:ISBN
364:ISBN
316:ISBN
169:host
158:Mary
148:and
82:Work
44:Life
509:360
478:127
474:OUP
387:RKD
360:100
279:RKD
32:or
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