146:
160:
185:
4068:
52:
452:, the Byzantines returned briefly to besiege Bari and were moderately successful in inciting a mass revolt which nearly toppled Norman control (potentially handing much of the former Katepanate back to the Byzantine Empire), but the gains were "reversed by misfortune".
56:
Approximate territorial extent of the
Catapanate of Italy during the early 11th century. Modern city names (in Italian, except from Napoli) are provided alongside the medieval Greek names.
2237:
416:
in 1030. This gave the
Normans their first foothold in southern Italy from which they began an organized conquest of the land. In 1030, William and Drogo, the two eldest sons of
4130:
2947:
892:
339:. These victories were followed up by his successors and laid the foundation of a resurgence of Byzantine power in southern Italy, culminating in the establishment of the
4100:
3180:
507:
428:
arrived in southern Italy. The two joined in the organized attempt to wrest Apulia from the
Byzantines, who had lost most of that province by 1040. Bari
4095:
489:
2160:
885:
320:
4056:
2410:
2311:
3744:
2321:
2254:
2269:
2264:
878:
3345:
2331:
2306:
4110:
3696:
3679:
2336:
2316:
3395:
3241:
3213:
2857:
2849:
2326:
2259:
3591:
2952:
3440:
1243:
404:
against the
Byzantines. From 1016 to 1030 the Normans were pure mercenaries, serving either Byzantine or Lombard, and then Duke
3920:
3445:
3844:
2604:
2597:
2153:
827:
806:
3596:
3455:
2743:
1545:
1263:
2587:
2058:
1801:
1749:
3925:
3338:
1940:
1611:
4026:
2592:
2052:
1660:
787:
437:
101:
3089:
2146:
901:
393:
4061:
3883:
2415:
2183:
2070:
291:
in 751, Byzantium had been absent from the affairs of southern Italy for almost a century, but the accession of
4120:
4115:
4031:
4021:
3893:
3814:
3632:
3500:
3072:
3016:
2937:
2804:
2046:
1950:
1894:
1052:
767:
3888:
3878:
3793:
3548:
3333:
1935:
1869:
1668:
1400:
1323:
1174:
555:
178:
2768:
4105:
3962:
3930:
3834:
3543:
3515:
3323:
2862:
3686:
3328:
3175:
2932:
2683:
2064:
2016:
1707:
1194:
328:
4006:
3952:
3691:
3563:
3553:
3253:
3133:
3011:
2942:
2830:
2799:
2642:
2582:
2010:
2004:
1955:
1945:
1375:
1360:
1223:
633:
567:
340:
240:
3866:
3390:
3246:
3031:
2922:
2809:
2122:
1405:
460:
247:
from 965 until 1071. At its greatest extent, it comprised mainland Italy south of a line drawn from
3165:
2917:
2404:
2283:
2028:
1380:
1233:
1169:
525:
441:
4125:
4071:
3495:
3221:
3041:
2927:
2116:
1791:
1683:
1645:
1140:
1070:
561:
537:
165:
159:
3996:
3586:
3428:
2872:
2678:
2652:
2647:
2420:
2396:
2392:
2359:
2076:
2022:
1970:
1960:
1796:
1739:
1410:
627:
549:
765:. "On the Question of the Hellenization of Sicily and Southern Italy During the Middle Ages."
351:
would remain firmly under
Byzantine control until the 11th century. In c. 965, a new theme of
3714:
3568:
2758:
2668:
2632:
2517:
2247:
2242:
2040:
1884:
1836:
1822:
1650:
1390:
1303:
1253:
932:
915:
513:
417:
315:, and extend Byzantine control once more over parts of Italy. As a result of these efforts,
3957:
3940:
3761:
3520:
3485:
3368:
3305:
3300:
2835:
2778:
2088:
1965:
1904:
1889:
1812:
1776:
1732:
1722:
1500:
1472:
1278:
1122:
1020:
964:
621:
591:
579:
472:
405:
288:
8:
2867:
2783:
2773:
2637:
2400:
2388:
2275:
2110:
1841:
1744:
1727:
1717:
1495:
1318:
1313:
1248:
1148:
1058:
615:
498:
464:
855:
3945:
3935:
3809:
3480:
3363:
3280:
3143:
2495:
2475:
2455:
2445:
2211:
2034:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1899:
1864:
1859:
1817:
1781:
1640:
1535:
1457:
1430:
1370:
1273:
1258:
1096:
1076:
531:
34:
327:
in 871, passed under
Byzantine control in 876. The expeditions of the capable general
4067:
4001:
3906:
3839:
3819:
3787:
3719:
3706:
3627:
3622:
3373:
3138:
2988:
2507:
2460:
2450:
2440:
1879:
1874:
1807:
1766:
1760:
1601:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1308:
1288:
1238:
1228:
1209:
865:
823:
802:
783:
663:
585:
573:
449:
324:
797:
Loud, G.A. (2006). "Southern Italy in the tenth century". In Reuter, Timothy (ed.).
3871:
3664:
3612:
3558:
3525:
3475:
3268:
3258:
3036:
2724:
2616:
2539:
2522:
2500:
2485:
2470:
2384:
2169:
2096:
1678:
1673:
1596:
1530:
1525:
1395:
1365:
1333:
1189:
1134:
1113:
1091:
870:
609:
244:
38:
467:. In 1167, with his authority as catapan, Gilbert forced German troops out of the
4016:
3849:
3829:
3824:
3779:
3769:
3729:
3724:
3674:
3669:
3450:
3056:
2973:
2968:
2708:
2698:
2534:
2528:
2512:
2490:
2480:
2465:
1619:
1587:
1582:
1562:
1425:
1385:
1355:
1338:
1298:
1283:
1268:
1199:
1184:
1101:
1081:
954:
817:
777:
603:
543:
519:
381:. This elevation was deemed militarily necessary after the final loss of nearby
352:
252:
1477:
3854:
3734:
3467:
3226:
3120:
3106:
2905:
2609:
2364:
2102:
1998:
1992:
1592:
1567:
1440:
1435:
1420:
1415:
1350:
1345:
1328:
1293:
1086:
1064:
1008:
947:
762:
409:
378:
300:
296:
264:
224:
4089:
3774:
3651:
3617:
3355:
3290:
3263:
3148:
2763:
2703:
1786:
1624:
1128:
1002:
974:
850:
433:
429:
248:
3535:
3510:
3490:
3295:
3273:
3128:
2376:
2371:
2205:
1159:
1014:
994:
860:
304:
275:
2138:
4036:
4011:
3505:
3315:
3082:
2688:
2673:
1712:
1577:
445:
344:
151:
145:
78:
3310:
3170:
3160:
2993:
2983:
2693:
651:
597:
348:
269:
51:
3859:
3739:
3231:
3099:
3046:
2978:
979:
421:
369:
357:
819:
The Age of Robert
Guiscard: Southern Italy and the Northern Conquest
16:
Province of the
Byzantine Empire in the Italian Peninsula (965–1071)
3385:
3285:
3236:
3094:
3026:
2814:
1697:
1179:
984:
927:
779:
Before the
Normans: Southern Italy in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries
645:
468:
425:
397:
363:
336:
312:
3751:
3637:
3578:
3077:
3051:
2729:
959:
920:
657:
639:
389:
316:
308:
303:
and
Byzantine diplomats were employed in an effort to secure the
292:
331:
in the mid-880s further extended Byzantine control over most of
3380:
3155:
3021:
1467:
476:
413:
401:
382:
332:
260:
256:
1445:
969:
942:
799:
The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III c. 900–c. 1204
229:
203:
24:
3659:
937:
64:
711:
361:(military governor) of Bari was raised to the title of
4131:
Geographical, historical and cultural regions of Italy
675:
900:
836:White, Lynn, Jr.. "The Byzantinization of Sicily."
699:
687:
385:, a previously Byzantine possession, to the Arabs.
4101:States and territories disestablished in the 1070s
782:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
448:. In 1154-1156, through a plan hatched by Emperor
4087:
801:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 624–645.
2086:
347:in c. 892. The regions of Apulia, Calabria and
2529:Spain (Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands)
2154:
886:
311:raids, re-establish Byzantine dominance over
1289:Patria del Friuli (Patriarchate of Aquileia)
772:Vol. 52, No. 1 (Oct., 1946), pp. 74–86.
2168:
840:Vol. 42, No. 1 (Oct., 1936), pp. 1–21.
436:in April 1071, and Byzantine authority was
267:through the catepan. The Italian region of
2161:
2147:
893:
879:
50:
4096:States and territories established in 965
319:was taken from the Saracens in 873, and
3417:
1244:Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca
4088:
775:
717:
705:
693:
681:
626:September 1046 – December 1046
3985:
3416:
3201:
2893:
2560:
2181:
2142:
874:
744:
732:The Deeds of John and Manuel Komnenos
584:November 1040 – Summer of 1041
3202:
815:
796:
729:
2904:
620:Autumn 1045 – September 1046
578:February 1039 – January 1040
396:, lent their swords in 1017 to the
367:of Italy, usually with the rank of
295:(reigned 867–886) to the throne of
13:
602:April 1042 – September 1042
14:
4142:
4111:Provinces of the Byzantine Empire
4027:Greek scholars in the Renaissance
2053:United Provinces of Central Italy
614:February 1043 – April 1043
596:February 1042 – April 1042
463:, the cousin of the queen regent
102:Norman conquest of southern Italy
4066:
902:List of historic states of Italy
459:was revived briefly in 1166 for
183:
158:
144:
2416:Decline of the Byzantine Empire
2238:Constantinian–Valentinianic era
2035:Provisional Government of Milan
838:The American Historical Review.
536:May 1017 – December 1017
299:changed this: from 868 on, the
3501:Great Palace of Constantinople
3242:Patriarchate of Constantinople
2561:
1234:City of Fiume and its District
768:The American Historical Review
738:
723:
457:Catapan of Apulia and Campania
392:adventurers, on pilgrimage to
263:also maintained allegiance to
1:
1669:County of Apulia and Calabria
1175:Campagna e Marittima Province
669:
408:, by installing their leader
394:Monte Sant'Angelo sul Gargano
179:County of Apulia and Calabria
3963:University of Constantinople
3544:Arch of Galerius and Rotunda
2894:
2694:Chartoularios tou vestiariou
2383:Byzantine successor states (
554:July 1029 – June 1032
7:
3633:Saint Catherine's Monastery
2689:Chartoularios tou sakelliou
2684:Logothetes tou stratiotikou
2182:
2071:Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
2065:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
2017:Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
1195:Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
844:
776:Kreutz, Barbara M. (1996).
542:December 1017 – 1027
482:
440:, five centuries after the
438:finally terminated in Italy
329:Nikephoros Phokas the Elder
10:
4147:
4022:Neo-Byzantine architecture
3986:
2643:Comes sacrarum largitionum
2011:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
2005:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
1406:Prince-Bishopric of Trento
1376:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
1361:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
756:
323:by the Holy Roman Emperor
287:Following the fall of the
282:
230:
25:
4049:
3992:
3981:
3902:
3802:
3760:
3705:
3650:
3605:
3592:Sant'Apollinare in Classe
3577:
3534:
3466:
3436:
3427:
3423:
3412:
3354:
3212:
3208:
3197:
3119:
3065:
3004:
2961:
2913:
2900:
2889:
2848:
2823:
2792:
2751:
2742:
2717:
2661:
2625:
2578:
2571:
2567:
2556:
2429:
2345:
2292:
2223:
2194:
2190:
2177:
2123:Free Territory of Trieste
1983:
1913:
1852:
1835:
1759:
1696:
1659:
1641:Principality of Benevento
1633:
1610:
1555:
1544:
1486:
1456:
1208:
1158:
1112:
1043:
1030:
993:
908:
590:Summer 1041 – 1042
461:Gilbert, Count of Gravina
377:meant "the uppermost" in
355:was established, and the
321:Bari, captured from Arabs
228:
199:
123:
119:
115:
111:
98:
88:
84:
74:
70:
60:
49:
44:
33:
21:
3166:Droungarios of the Fleet
2029:Italian United Provinces
1381:Principality of Piombino
1170:Patrimony of Saint Peter
3680:Early Byzantine mosaics
3042:Domestic of the Schools
2117:Italian Social Republic
1792:Principality of Taranto
1684:Principality of Taranto
1646:Principality of Salerno
1401:Bishopric of Tarantasia
1224:Bishopric of Bressanone
1141:Duchy of the Pentapolis
822:. New York: Routledge.
562:Michael Protospatharios
538:Leo Tornikios Kontoleon
166:Principality of Salerno
3997:Byzantine commonwealth
2759:Praetorian prefectures
2679:Logothetes tou genikou
2653:Quaestor sacri palatii
2648:Comes rerum privatarum
2421:Fall of Constantinople
2360:Sack of Constantinople
2023:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1797:Terra Sancti Benedicti
1701:(from the 9th century)
1411:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
566:May 1033 – 1038
560:1032 – May 1033
550:Christophoros Burgaris
475:to raise the siege of
273:derives its name from
255:. North of that line,
4121:10th century in Italy
4116:11th century in Italy
3697:Komnenian renaissance
3692:Macedonian period art
3597:Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
3569:Walls of Thessaloniki
2669:Logothetes tou dromou
2284:Twenty Years' Anarchy
2248:Valentinianic dynasty
2243:Constantinian dynasty
2041:Republic of San Marco
1823:Crown Colony of Malta
1651:Principality of Capua
1391:Marquisate of Saluzzo
1254:County of Santa Fiora
916:Etruscan civilization
816:Loud, Graham (2013).
720:, pp. 63–66, 68.
514:Gregory Tarchaneiotes
503:985–988 Romanos
418:Tancred of Hauteville
3894:Units of measurement
3628:Panagia Gorgoepikoos
3521:Pammakaristos Church
3369:Corpus Juris Civilis
3320:Missionary activity
2779:Exarchate of Ravenna
2605:Imperial bureaucracy
1837:French Revolutionary
1777:State of the Presidi
1501:Republic of Florence
1473:Domini di Terraferma
1123:Exarchate of Ravenna
1021:Western Roman Empire
965:Nuragic civilization
622:Eustathios Palatinos
592:Exaugustus Boioannes
580:Nikephoros Dokeianos
473:Frederick Barbarossa
406:Sergius IV of Naples
289:Exarchate of Ravenna
237:KatepanĂkion ItalĂas
231:κατεπανίκιον Ἰταλίας
26:Κατεπανίκιον Ἰταλίας
4106:Catepanate of Italy
3418:Culture and society
3281:Ecumenical councils
2784:Exarchate of Africa
2774:Quaestura exercitus
2638:Magister officiorum
2633:Praetorian prefects
2276:Byzantine Dark Ages
2111:Free State of Fiume
2059:Kingdom of Sardinia
1802:Neapolitan Republic
1750:Kingdom of Sardinia
1745:Republic of Sassari
1573:Catepanate of Italy
1496:Republic of Cospaia
1319:Duchy of Montferrat
1314:March of Montferrat
1249:County of Guastalla
1149:Exarchate of Africa
616:Basil Theodorokanos
548:c. 1027–1029
499:Kalokyros Delphinas
465:Margaret of Navarre
412:in the fortress of
90:• Established
22:Catepanate of Italy
3835:Flags and insignia
3481:Baths of Zeuxippus
3364:Codex Theodosianus
3254:Oriental Orthodoxy
2212:Later Roman Empire
1941:Lucca and Piombino
1818:Malta Protectorate
1782:Duke of San Donato
1536:Republic of Ancona
1458:Republic of Venice
1371:Duchy of Mirandola
1259:Duchy of Guastalla
1097:Duchy of Tridentum
1077:Duchy of Benevento
1044:Barbarian kingdoms
532:Basil Mesardonites
494:before 982 Romanos
4083:
4082:
4045:
4044:
4002:Byzantine studies
3977:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3788:Alexander Romance
3646:
3645:
3623:Nea Moni of Chios
3486:Blachernae Palace
3408:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3374:Code of Justinian
3222:Eastern Orthodoxy
3193:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3115:
3114:
2989:Scholae Palatinae
2885:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2850:Foreign relations
2844:
2843:
2738:
2737:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2351:(1204–1453)
2136:
2135:
2132:
2131:
1979:
1978:
1946:Massa and Carrara
1831:
1830:
1808:Hospitaller Malta
1767:Kingdom of Naples
1761:Kingdom of Sicily
1692:
1691:
1602:Duchy of Sorrento
1521:Republic of Genoa
1516:Republic of Siena
1511:Republic of Massa
1506:Republic of Lucca
1239:County of Gorizia
1229:Corsican Republic
1210:Holy Roman Empire
866:Catepanate of Ras
829:978-0-582-04529-3
808:978-0-521-36447-8
684:, pp. 41–43.
664:Stephen Pateranos
586:Michael Dokeianos
574:Michael Spondyles
508:John Ammiropoulos
450:Manuel I Komnenos
209:
208:
195:
194:
191:
190:
171:
170:
4138:
4070:
3983:
3982:
3926:Imperial Library
3872:Byzantine Greeks
3613:Daphni Monastery
3564:Panagia Chalkeon
3559:Hagios Demetrios
3526:Prison of Anemas
3476:Basilica Cistern
3434:
3433:
3425:
3424:
3414:
3413:
3269:West Syriac Rite
3259:Alexandrian Rite
3210:
3209:
3203:Religion and law
3199:
3198:
3134:Maritime themata
3090:Palaiologan army
2943:Military manuals
2911:
2910:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2890:
2749:
2748:
2725:Megas logothetes
2576:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2558:
2557:
2431:By modern region
2352:
2299:
2298:(717–1204)
2230:
2192:
2191:
2179:
2178:
2170:Byzantine Empire
2163:
2156:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2097:Kingdom of Italy
2084:
2083:
1850:
1849:
1679:County of Sicily
1674:County of Aversa
1597:Byzantine Sicily
1583:Theme of Lucania
1553:
1552:
1531:Republic of Pisa
1526:Republic of Noli
1396:Duchy of Spoleto
1366:Duchy of Merania
1264:Kingdom of Italy
1190:Duchy of Ferrara
1135:Duchy of Perugia
1114:Byzantine Empire
1092:Duchy of Spoleto
1059:Ostrogothic rule
1041:
1040:
909:Pre-Roman period
895:
888:
881:
872:
871:
856:Grecìa Salentina
833:
812:
793:
751:
750:
742:
736:
735:
727:
721:
715:
709:
703:
697:
691:
685:
679:
650:1064–1068
632:1050–1058
572:1038–1039
568:Constantine Opos
530:1010–1016
524:1008–1010
518:1006–1008
490:Michael Abidelas
245:Byzantine Empire
234:
233:
232:
187:
186:
175:
174:
162:
148:
141:
140:
125:
124:
54:
39:Byzantine Empire
28:
27:
19:
18:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4079:
4076:
4041:
4017:Cyrillic script
3988:
3969:
3914:
3898:
3798:
3780:Digenes Akritas
3756:
3701:
3642:
3606:Other locations
3601:
3573:
3530:
3462:
3451:Cross-in-square
3419:
3400:
3350:
3204:
3185:
3111:
3061:
3057:Varangian Guard
3000:
2974:East Roman army
2969:Late Roman army
2957:
2896:
2877:
2840:
2819:
2788:
2734:
2713:
2709:Epi ton deeseon
2699:Epi tou eidikou
2657:
2621:
2563:
2544:
2531:
2434:
2432:
2425:
2411:Palaiologan era
2353:
2350:
2341:
2312:Nikephorian era
2300:
2297:
2288:
2231:
2229:(330–717)
2228:
2219:
2199:
2186:
2173:
2167:
2137:
2128:
2082:
1985:
1984:Post-Napoleonic
1975:
1909:
1845:
1839:
1827:
1769:
1765:
1764:(1130–1816) and
1763:
1755:
1700:
1688:
1655:
1629:
1620:Emirate of Bari
1606:
1593:Theme of Sicily
1588:Duchy of Naples
1563:Duchy of Amalfi
1548:
1540:
1488:
1487:Other Republics
1482:
1460:
1452:
1446:County of Tenda
1426:County of Savoy
1386:Duchy of Reggio
1356:Duchy of Mantua
1284:March of Friuli
1216:
1214:
1212:
1204:
1200:Duchy of Urbino
1185:Duchy of Castro
1162:
1154:
1108:
1102:Duchy of Tuscia
1082:Duchy of Friuli
1045:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1026:
1005:(753 BC–509 BC)
989:
904:
899:
847:
830:
809:
790:
763:Charanis, Peter
759:
754:
743:
739:
728:
724:
716:
712:
704:
700:
692:
688:
680:
676:
672:
604:George Maniakes
544:Basil Boioannes
520:Alexios Xiphias
512:999–1006
485:
373:. The title of
285:
253:Gulf of Salerno
184:
104:
91:
55:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4144:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4126:Italian states
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4064:
4059:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3909:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3748:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3711:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3656:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3549:Byzantine Bath
3546:
3540:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3468:Constantinople
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3443:
3437:
3431:
3421:
3420:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3366:
3360:
3358:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3227:Byzantine Rite
3218:
3216:
3206:
3205:
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3107:Grand domestic
3104:
3103:
3102:
3097:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3073:Komnenian army
3069:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2971:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2950:
2948:Military units
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2918:Battle tactics
2914:
2908:
2898:
2897:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2854:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2755:
2753:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2610:Medieval Greek
2602:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2579:
2573:
2565:
2564:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2437:
2435:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2365:Fourth Crusade
2356:
2354:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2322:Macedonian era
2319:
2314:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2255:Theodosian era
2252:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2234:
2232:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2202:
2200:
2195:
2188:
2187:
2175:
2174:
2166:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2143:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2103:Italian Empire
2093:
2091:
2081:
2080:
2074:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2050:
2047:Roman Republic
2044:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1999:Duchy of Lucca
1996:
1993:Duchy of Genoa
1989:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1856:
1854:
1847:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1704:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1616:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1568:Duchy of Gaeta
1565:
1559:
1557:
1550:
1546:Southern Italy
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1490:
1489:(c. 1000–1797)
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1441:County of Nice
1438:
1436:Duchy of Aosta
1433:
1428:
1423:
1416:Savoyard state
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1351:Duchy of Milan
1348:
1346:Duchy of Ivrea
1343:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1119:
1117:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1087:Duchy of Ivrea
1084:
1079:
1068:
1062:
1056:
1053:Odoacer's rule
1049:
1047:
1038:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1017:(27 BC–395 AD)
1012:
1011:(509 BC–27 BC)
1009:Roman Republic
1006:
999:
997:
991:
990:
988:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
951:
950:
948:Cisalpine Gaul
940:
935:
930:
925:
924:
923:
912:
910:
906:
905:
898:
897:
890:
883:
875:
869:
868:
863:
858:
853:
846:
843:
842:
841:
834:
828:
813:
807:
794:
788:
773:
758:
755:
753:
752:
737:
722:
710:
698:
686:
673:
671:
668:
667:
666:
660:
654:
648:
642:
636:
630:
624:
618:
612:
606:
600:
594:
588:
582:
576:
570:
564:
558:
556:Pothos Argyros
552:
546:
540:
534:
528:
526:John Kourkouas
522:
516:
510:
506:988–998
504:
501:
497:982–985
495:
492:
488:970–975
484:
481:
471:and compelled
410:Ranulf Drengot
301:imperial fleet
297:Constantinople
284:
281:
265:Constantinople
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
193:
192:
189:
188:
181:
172:
169:
168:
163:
155:
154:
149:
137:
136:
131:
121:
120:
117:
116:
113:
112:
109:
108:
105:
99:
96:
95:
92:
89:
86:
85:
82:
81:
76:
75:Historical era
72:
71:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
47:
46:
42:
41:
31:
30:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4143:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3984:
3980:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3921:Encyclopedias
3919:
3918:
3916:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3901:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3845:Hellenization
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3803:Everyday life
3801:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3775:Acritic songs
3773:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3618:Hosios Loukas
3616:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3415:
3411:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3291:Monophysitism
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3264:Armenian Rite
3262:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3200:
3196:
3182:
3181:Naval battles
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2892:
2888:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2704:Protasekretis
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2559:
2555:
2541:
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2526:
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2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
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2428:
2422:
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2374:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2349:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2332:Komnenian era
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2270:Heraclian era
2268:
2266:
2265:Justinian era
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2227:
2222:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2164:
2159:
2157:
2152:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2085:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1982:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
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1857:
1855:
1851:
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1843:
1838:
1834:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1787:Duchy of Sora
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1758:
1751:
1748:
1746:
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1741:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
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1706:
1705:
1703:
1699:
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1685:
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1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1625:Muslim Sicily
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1129:Duchy of Rome
1127:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1029:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1003:Roman Kingdom
1001:
1000:
998:
996:
992:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
975:Magna Graecia
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
949:
946:
945:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
922:
919:
918:
917:
914:
913:
911:
907:
903:
896:
891:
889:
884:
882:
877:
876:
873:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
851:Magna Graecia
849:
848:
839:
835:
831:
825:
821:
820:
814:
810:
804:
800:
795:
791:
789:0-8122-1587-7
785:
781:
780:
774:
771:
769:
764:
761:
760:
748:
741:
733:
726:
719:
714:
708:, p. 63.
707:
702:
696:, p. 57.
695:
690:
683:
678:
674:
665:
661:
659:
655:
653:
649:
647:
643:
641:
637:
635:
631:
629:
625:
623:
619:
617:
613:
611:
607:
605:
601:
599:
595:
593:
589:
587:
583:
581:
577:
575:
571:
569:
565:
563:
559:
557:
553:
551:
547:
545:
541:
539:
535:
533:
529:
527:
523:
521:
517:
515:
511:
509:
505:
502:
500:
496:
493:
491:
487:
486:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
420:, a noble of
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
371:
366:
365:
360:
359:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
280:
278:
277:
272:
271:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:Monte Gargano
246:
242:
238:
226:
222:
218:
214:
205:
202:
200:Today part of
198:
182:
180:
177:
176:
173:
167:
164:
161:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
143:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
130:
127:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
97:
93:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
69:
66:
63:
59:
53:
48:
43:
40:
36:
32:
20:
3786:
3554:Hagia Sophia
3536:Thessalonica
3511:Hagia Sophia
3491:Chora Church
3429:Architecture
3306:Great Schism
3296:Paulicianism
3274:Miaphysitism
3129:Karabisianoi
2433:or territory
2393:Thessalonica
2377:Latin Empire
2372:Frankokratia
2347:
2307:Isaurian era
2294:
2225:
2210:
2206:Roman Empire
2196:
2099:(1861–1946)
2077:Papal States
1905:Transpadania
1572:
1478:Stato da MĂ r
1160:Papal States
1071:Lombard rule
1035:Early Modern
1023:(395–476 AD)
1015:Roman Empire
995:Ancient Rome
861:Katepanikion
837:
818:
798:
778:
766:
746:
740:
731:
725:
713:
701:
689:
677:
628:John Raphael
608:Autumn 1042
456:
454:
430:was captured
387:
374:
368:
362:
356:
305:Adriatic Sea
286:
276:katepanikion
274:
268:
236:
220:
216:
212:
210:
134:Succeeded by
133:
128:
4037:Megali Idea
4012:Byzantinism
3715:Agriculture
3506:Hagia Irene
3339:Kievan Rus'
3316:Mount Athos
3139:Cibyrrhaeot
3083:Vestiaritai
2938:Mercenaries
2815:Catepanates
2674:Sakellarios
2593:Family tree
2518:Mesopotamia
2337:Angelid era
2317:Amorian era
2125:(1947–1954)
2119:(1943–1945)
2113:(1920–1924)
2105:(1882–1960)
2089:unification
2079:(1814–1870)
2073:(1815–1866)
2067:(1816–1861)
2061:(1814–1860)
2055:(1859–1860)
2049:(1849–1850)
2043:(1848–1849)
2025:(1815–1859)
2019:(1814–1859)
2013:(1814–1859)
2007:(1814–1829)
2001:(1815–1847)
1995:(1815–1848)
1885:Parthenopea
1846:(1792–1815)
1804:(1647–1648)
1770:(1282–1816)
1752:(1324–1861)
1713:Agugliastra
1578:Longobardia
1215:independent
1065:Vandal rule
745:Choniates.
718:Kreutz 1996
706:Kreutz 1996
694:Kreutz 1996
682:Kreutz 1996
446:Justinian I
345:Longobardia
152:Longobardia
129:Preceded by
79:Middle Ages
4090:Categories
4032:Third Rome
3958:University
3941:Philosophy
3931:Inventions
3794:Historians
3762:Literature
3745:Varangians
3587:San Vitale
3516:Hippodrome
3496:City Walls
3396:Mutilation
3391:Hexabiblos
3311:Bogomilism
3301:Iconoclasm
3171:Megas doux
3161:Greek fire
3144:Aegean Sea
3017:Kleisourai
2994:Excubitors
2984:Bucellarii
2836:Despotates
2805:Kleisourai
2744:Provincial
2588:Coronation
2562:Governance
2327:Doukid era
2260:Leonid era
1956:Pontecorvo
1914:Monarchies
1900:Subalpinia
1865:Cispadania
1860:Cisalpinia
1842:Napoleonic
1549:(774–1139)
1461:(697–1797)
1163:(754–1870)
1125:(584–751)
1073:(568–774)
730:Kinnamos.
670:References
652:Abulchares
638:1060/1061
598:Synodianos
455:The title
400:cities of
349:Basilicata
270:Capitanata
217:Catapanate
213:Catepanate
3860:Octoechos
3740:Silk Road
3232:Hesychasm
3100:Paramonai
3047:Hetaireia
2979:Foederati
2868:Diplomacy
2863:Diplomats
2769:Provinces
2598:Empresses
2401:Trebizond
2197:Preceding
1931:Guastalla
1921:Benevento
1853:Republics
1708:Judicates
1556:Byzantine
1213:and other
1151:(585–698)
1143:(554–752)
1137:(554–752)
1131:(533–751)
1116:(584–751)
1067:(435–534)
1061:(493–553)
1055:(476–493)
1046:(476–774)
980:Iapygians
442:conquests
422:Coutances
370:patrikios
358:stratēgos
3953:Scholars
3946:Rhetoric
3936:Medicine
3911:Learning
3810:Calendar
3687:Painters
3386:Basilika
3324:Bulgaria
3286:Arianism
3237:Hayhurum
3214:Religion
3176:Admirals
3095:Allagion
3027:Droungos
2933:Generals
2895:Military
2858:Treaties
2764:Dioceses
2583:Emperors
2496:Sardinia
2476:Dalmatia
2456:Bulgaria
2446:Anatolia
2405:Theodoro
2399: /
2395: /
2387: /
1890:Piedmont
1740:Oristano
1733:Logudoro
1723:Cagliari
1698:Sardinia
1431:Piedmont
1180:Holy See
1031:Medieval
985:Picentes
928:Samnites
845:See also
747:Historia
646:Sirianus
483:Catepans
469:Campania
426:Normandy
375:katepanĹŤ
364:katepanĹŤ
337:Calabria
325:Louis II
313:Dalmatia
241:province
239:) was a
221:of Italy
45:965–1071
35:Province
4062:Outline
4007:Museums
3907:Science
3884:Slavery
3840:Gardens
3820:Cuisine
3752:Dynatoi
3720:Coinage
3707:Economy
3675:Mosaics
3638:Mystras
3579:Ravenna
3441:Secular
3329:Moravia
3078:Pronoia
3052:Akritai
3037:Tagmata
3012:Themata
2953:Revolts
2923:Battles
2831:Kephale
2800:Themata
2730:Mesazon
2572:Central
2508:Maghreb
2461:Corsica
2451:Armenia
2441:Albania
2184:History
1971:Corsica
1961:Tuscany
1926:Etruria
1875:Liguria
1728:Gallura
1718:Arborea
1634:Lombard
1334:Tuscany
1324:Trieste
960:Ligures
921:Etruria
757:Sources
658:Perenos
640:Marules
634:Argyrus
434:Normans
432:by the
398:Lombard
353:Lucania
317:Otranto
309:Saracen
293:Basil I
283:History
251:to the
243:of the
100:•
61:Capital
37:of the
4072:Portal
3987:Impact
3867:People
3815:Cities
3665:Enamel
3446:Sacred
3381:Ecloga
3247:Saints
3156:Dromon
3032:Bandon
3022:Tourma
3005:Middle
2928:Beacon
2810:Bandon
2793:Middle
2662:Middle
2617:Senate
2540:Thrace
2523:Serbia
2501:Sicily
2486:Greece
2471:Cyprus
2389:Epirus
2385:Nicaea
2295:Middle
2172:topics
2037:(1848)
2031:(1831)
1986:states
1951:Naples
1661:Norman
1468:Dogado
1339:Verona
1304:Mantua
1299:Istria
1279:Finale
1269:Ancona
1217:states
1037:states
955:Veneti
933:Latins
826:
805:
786:
610:Pardos
477:Ancona
414:Aversa
402:Apulia
390:Norman
383:Sicily
333:Apulia
261:Naples
257:Amalfi
4057:Index
3889:Death
3879:Women
3850:Music
3830:Dress
3825:Dance
3770:Novel
3730:Trade
3725:Mints
3670:Glass
3660:Icons
3456:Domes
3334:Serbs
3149:Samos
2962:Early
2752:Early
2626:Early
2535:Syria
2513:Malta
2491:Italy
2481:Egypt
2466:Crete
2397:Morea
2226:Early
2087:Post-
1936:Italy
1880:Lucca
1870:Italy
1421:Savoy
1329:Turin
1309:Milan
1294:Ivrea
970:Umbri
943:Celts
662:1071
656:1068
644:1062
388:Some
379:Greek
341:theme
307:from
225:Greek
204:Italy
3855:Lyra
3735:silk
3346:Jews
3121:Navy
3066:Late
2906:Army
2873:Wars
2824:Late
2718:Late
2348:Late
1966:Elba
1895:Rome
1844:eras
1840:and
1813:Gozo
1612:Arab
1595:and
1274:Ceva
938:Osci
824:ISBN
803:ISBN
784:ISBN
335:and
259:and
215:(or
211:The
107:1071
65:Bari
3652:Art
3356:Law
1033:and
444:of
424:in
343:of
94:965
4092::
479:.
279:.
235:,
227::
219:)
2407:)
2403:–
2391:–
2278:"
2274:"
2162:e
2155:t
2148:v
894:e
887:t
880:v
832:.
811:.
792:.
770:.
749:.
734:.
223:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
