186:
650:. Pigtail catheter is a non-selective catheter with multiple side holes that can deliver large volumes of contrast into a blood vessel for imaging purposes. Cobra catheter is a selective catheter used to catheterise downgoing vessels in the abdomen. Cobra catheters move forward by pushing and are removed by pulling. Sidewinder catheter is a selective catheter is used to navigate the aorta. Headhunter, Newton, Simmons, Bentson, and Berenstein catheters are used to navigate the into one of the three branches of the
558:. These materials are often used in combination with each other and are frequently layered on top of stainless steel braiding, laser-cut stainless steel tubing, or other scaffold-like structures to impart desirable handling characteristics to the catheter, all dependent on the intended application. For example, the materials and the architectures used to manufacture vascular catheters for neurological applications might differ significantly from catheters destined for cardiovascular use.
585:
42:
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541:. Silicone is one of the most common implantable choice because it is inert and unreactive to body fluids and a range of medical fluids with which it might come into contact. On the other hand, the polymer is weak mechanically, and a number of serious fractures have occurred in catheters. For example, silicone is used in
658:. Whereas endothelial cell sampling through endovascular sampling with coils, stents, stent retrievers, or guidewires suffer from poor selectivity and a low or highly variable cell yield, a micro-3D-printed device adapted for endovascular techniques can harvest endothelial cells for transcriptomic analysis.
699:
There is no difference in achieving adequacy of blood flow, period of catheter usage, infection, and thromboembolism risk whether the dialysis catheter has step-tip, split-tip, or symmetrical tip. Palidrome catheter is superior to
Permcath catheter in terms of maximum blood flow, dialysis adequacy,
468:
in 1959. Central venous catheterization allows for continuous administration of medications, fluids and blood products to a large vein, particularly in critically ill patients. Cardiac catheterization is the insertion of a catheter into one of the chambers of the heart, which is used for imaging,
123:
materials serving a broad range of functions. Catheters are medical devices that can be inserted in the body to treat diseases or perform a surgical procedure. Catheters are manufactured for specific applications, such as cardiovascular, urological, gastrointestinal, neurovascular and ophthalmic
143:
Catheters can be inserted into a body cavity, duct, or vessel, brain, skin or adipose tissue. Functionally, they allow drainage, administration of fluids or gases, access by surgical instruments, and also perform a wide variety of other tasks depending on the type of catheter. Special types of
1815:
Ali, Ronan; Lecturer in Adult
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad; Greenbaum, Adam B; Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, US; Kugelmass, Aaron D; Chief of Cardiology and Medical
712:
In interventional procedures, Teflon catheters (which are hydrophobic) have higher risk of thrombus formation when compared to polyurethene catheters. The longer the duration of the catheter left inside the body, the higher the risk of thrombus formation. Larger catheters increase the risk of
553:
Depending on the mechanical characteristics required, assorted polymers and polymer-metal composites can be used to build catheters used for interventional purposes. Common materials include polyamide (nylon), polyether block amide, polyuerathane, polyethylene terephthalate, and
433:
According to a footnote in his letter in Volume 4 of the Papers of
Benjamin Franklin (1959), Franklin credits Francesco Roncelli-Pardino from 1720 as the inventor of a flexible catheter. In fact, Franklin claims the flexible catheter may have been designed even earlier.
1814:
716:"Any foreign object in the body carries an infection risk, and a catheter can serve as a superhighway for bacteria to enter the bloodstream or body", according to Milisa Manojlovich, a professor at the University of Michigan School of Nursing.
475:
invented the modern disposable catheter in the 1940s. Prior to this, some reusable catheters consisted of braided cotton tubes, which were varnished, heat-treated and polished. As these were primarily produced in France, the advent of
685:, and cutting balloon angioplasty that contains 3 to 4 small blades on its surface (endotomes) that helps to control the distribution of balloon dilatation more uniformly and cut through resistant stenosis due to fibrous scar tissue.
135:
catheter) though catheters are available in varying levels of stiffness depending on the application. A catheter left inside the body, either temporarily or permanently, may be referred to as an "indwelling catheter" (for example, a
991:
Dragatin, Christian; Polus, Florine; Bodenlenz, Manfred; Calonder, Claudio; Aigner, Birgit; Tiffner, Katrin Irene; Mader, Julia
Katharina; Ratzer, Maria; Woessner, Ralph; Pieber, Thomas Rudolf; Cheng, Yi (November 23, 2015).
429:
invented the flexible catheter in 1752 when his brother John suffered from bladder stones. Franklin's catheter was made of metal with segments hinged together with a wire enclosed to provide rigidity during insertion.
680:
on the surface to prevent smooth muscle cells proliferation of the vessel walls, thus reducing the likehood of vessel blockage in the future, high pressure balloons that can open stubborn vessel stenoses in veins and
144:
catheters, also called probes, are used in preclinical or clinical research for sampling of lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds, protein-bound and unbound drugs, neurotransmitters, peptides and proteins, antibodies,
1108:"Corrigendum to "Time-resolved hypothalamic open flow micro-perfusion reveals normal leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier in leptin resistant mice" [Molecular Metabolism 13 (2018) 77–82]"
2037:
Sandell, Mikael; Chireh, Arvin; Spyrou, Argyris; Grankvist, Rikard; Al-Saadi, Jonathan; Jonsson, Stefan; van der
Wijngaart, Wouter; Stemme, Göran; Holmin, Staffan; Roxhed, Niclas (August 21, 2022).
1049:
Kolbinger, Frank; Loesche, Christian; Valentin, Marie-Anne; Jiang, Xiaoyu; Cheng, Yi; Jarvis, Philip; Peters, Thomas; Calonder, Claudio; Bruin, Gerard; Polus, Florine; Aigner, Birgit (March 2017).
576:
To enhance ease of insertion, some catheters have a lubricious surface coating to lessen friction. A lubricious coating creates a smooth, slippery film making the catheter easier to insert.
493:
Other reusable catheters consisted of red rubber tubes. Although sterilized prior to reuse, they still posed a high risk of infection and often led to the spread of disease.
1592:"Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of haemodialysis catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI): a position statement of European Renal Best Practice (ERBP)"
1749:
830:
Altendorfer-Kroath, Thomas; Schimek, Denise; Eberl, Anita; Rauter, Günther; Ratzer, Maria; Raml, Reingard; Sinner, Frank; Birngruber, Thomas (January 2019).
1527:
573:
elastomer outermost layer which provides extra support for the catheter and preserve the curvature of the catheter while passing through tortuous vessels.
1816:
Director, Heart and
Vascular Program, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, Massachusetts, US. E: aaron.kugelmassmd@bhs.org (2012).
1252:
1285:
1106:
Kleinert, Maximilian; Kotzbeck, Petra; Altendorfer-Kroath, Thomas; Birngruber, Thomas; Tschöp, Matthias H.; Clemmensen, Christoffer (December 2019).
1855:
441:
for the purpose of cardiac catheterization in 1844. The procedure involved entering a horse's ventricles via the jugular vein and carotid artery.
2270:
1966:
1859:
2168:
Li M, Zhang Z, Yu Y, Chen H, Li X, Ma J, Dong Z (March 2014). "Clinical application of long-term
Palindrome catheter in hemodialysis patients".
2346:
2121:"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the comparison of performance among step-tip, split-tip, and symmetrical-tip hemodialysis catheters"
2788:
1230:
936:
Ellmerer, Martin; Schaupp, Lukas; Brunner, Gernot A.; Sendlhofer, Gerald; Wutte, Andrea; Wach, Paul; Pieber, Thomas R. (February 1, 2000).
425:
The earliest invention of the flexible catheter was during the 18th century. Extending his inventiveness to his family's medical problems,
569:
braid wire outer layer which helps to provide support for the catheter and prevent kinking while travelling through blood vessels, and
1564:
1940:
832:"Comparison of cerebral Open Flow Microperfusion and Microdialysis when sampling small lipophilic and small hydrophilic substances"
676:
procedures such as plain balloon catheters that is useful in passing tight vessel stenosis, drug coated balloons that contains
137:
465:
233:
is used instead. The suprapubic catheter is inserted through the lower part of the abdomen directly into the urinary bladder.
1641:"Retention and strength of silicone-rubber catheters. A report of five cases of retention and analysis of catheter strength"
994:"Secukinumab distributes into dermal interstitial fluid of psoriasis patients as demonstrated by open flow microperfusion"
1735:
2339:
1392:
814:
1590:
Vanholder, R.; Canaud, B.; Fluck, R.; Jadoul, M.; Labriola, L.; Marti-Monros, A.; Tordoir, J.; Van Biesen, W. (2010).
611:. Puncture needle retracted. Obturator engaged. Used for example in steady advancement of the catheter on a guidewire.
2781:
2103:
1916:
1574:
107:
784:"catheter noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at"
3109:
1266:
719:
Catheters can be difficult to clean, and therefore harbor antibiotic resistant or otherwise pathogenic bacteria.
177:, meaning "to thrust into" or "to send down" because the catheter allowed fluid to be "sent down" from the body.
2245:
1640:
621:. Locking string is pulled (bottom center) and then wrapped and attached to the superficial end of the catheter.
457:
1545:
1244:
2332:
938:"Measurement of interstitial albumin in human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue by open-flow microperfusion"
1245:"Didusch Site - Milestones - Relief in a Tube: Catheters Remain a Steadfast Treatment for Urinary Disorders"
2967:
2826:
2774:
1700:"Spontaneous Rupture of a Silicone Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Presenting Outflow Failure and Peritonitis"
185:
1466:
2972:
783:
410:
Ancient
Chinese used onion stalks, the Romans, Hindus, and Greeks used tubes of wood or precious metals.
1321:
3059:
268:
1973:
293:
17:
2766:
891:"Direct access to interstitial fluid in adipose tissue in humans by use of open-flow microperfusion"
3002:
2819:
1818:"A Review of Available Angioplasty Guiding Catheters, Wires and Balloons – Making the Right Choice"
1051:"β-Defensin 2 is a responsive biomarker of IL-17A–driven skin pathology in patients with psoriasis"
885:
Schaupp, L.; Ellmerer, M.; Brunner, G. A.; Wutte, A.; Sendlhofer, G.; Trajanoski, Z.; Skrabal, F.;
643:
638:
is then injected through the catheter to visualise the vessels via various imaging methods such as
545:
where fractures have been reported, often requiring surgery to remove the tip left in the bladder.
3087:
3044:
1999:
1877:
562:
538:
453:
449:
350:
272:
214:
1944:
1226:
140:). A permanently inserted catheter may be referred to as a "permcath" (originally a trademark).
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501:
346:
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264:
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Ling XC, Lu HP, Loh EW, Lin YK, Li YS, Lin CH, Ko YC, Wu MY, Lin YF, Tam KW (April 2019).
8:
3022:
2712:
2607:
2536:
2433:
2355:
807:
Catheters: Types, applications and potential complications (medical devices and equipment
639:
635:
301:
2291:
Millward, Steven F. (September 2000). "Percutaneous
Nephrostomy: A Practical Approach".
700:
and annual patency rate. Similar to
Permcath, Palidrome catheter has high infection and
654:. Yashiro Catheter is a selective, hydrophilic catheter designed for optimal entry into
561:
Guiding catheters (catheters that guides angioplasty balloons and stents) is made up of
3139:
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2977:
2699:
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2019:
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Agarwal, Shaleen; Gandhi, Mamatha; Kashyap, Randeep; Liebman, Scott (March 1, 2011).
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2300:
2271:"Nobody wants to talk about catheters. Our silence could prove fatal | Mosaic"
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2011:
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445:
75:
1765:"Broken Piece of Silicone Suction Catheter in Upper Alimentary Tract of a Neonate"
1212:
1180:
1107:
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thrombus formation around the catheter, because they can block the flow of blood.
3092:
3039:
2994:
2911:
2755:
2707:
2531:
2526:
1123:
701:
566:
522:
340:
210:
189:
In-line suction catheter used in ventilator circuit for delivering air into lungs
1165:"Urinary catheters: history, current status, adverse events and research agenda"
2798:
2612:
2576:
2385:
2015:
1492:
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542:
438:
308:
222:
2137:
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1833:
1163:
Feneley, Roger C. L.; Hopley, Ian B.; Wells, Peter N. T. (November 17, 2015).
616:. Both obturator and puncture needle retracted, when the catheter is in place.
3133:
3027:
2962:
2717:
2474:
2428:
2423:
2222:
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2064:
1841:
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651:
365:
157:
120:
2213:
2196:
1998:
Golowa, Yosef S.; Kalva, Sanjeeva P.; D'Othee, Bertrand Janne (April 2009).
1412:
1105:
606:. Both puncture needle and obturator engaged, allowing for direct insertion.
584:
2901:
2896:
2881:
2848:
2619:
2479:
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2312:
2181:
2146:
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655:
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477:
414:
403:
382:
378:
249:
145:
2230:
2197:"Arterial Thrombus Formation During Clinical Percutaneous Catheterization"
2000:"Use of a Yashiro Catheter to Facilitate Complex Visceral Catheterization"
1672:
922:
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2947:
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2581:
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2454:
753:
743:
673:
647:
631:
328:
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237:
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threatened the supply chain. Sheridan was dubbed the "Catheter King" by
41:
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2919:
2863:
2831:
2363:
2324:
1270:
677:
260:
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993:
201:
Placement of a catheter into a particular part of the body may allow:
54:
27:
Medical tubes inserted in the body to extract or administer substances
3007:
2836:
2796:
2640:
2548:
2486:
1676:
634:
procedures. Diagnostic catheters direct wires through blood vessels.
555:
236:
drainage of urine from the kidney by percutaneous (through the skin)
829:
2684:
2586:
2543:
497:
486:
magazine in 1988. He also invented the modern "disposable" plastic
370:
332:
193:
65:
1639:
McKenzie, J. M.; Flahiff, C. M.; Nelson, C. L. (October 1, 1993).
398:
2939:
2635:
2521:
2496:
2459:
2395:
2372:
1763:
Mirza, Bilal; Saleem, Muhammad; Sheikh, Afzal (August 14, 2010).
1385:
Grossman's Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography, and Intervention
728:
518:
374:
243:
226:
935:
2873:
2806:
2501:
2195:
Formanek, Gustave; Frech, Robert S.; Amplatz, Kurt (May 1970).
748:
357:
312:
1563:
Engineers, NPCS Board of Consultants & (January 1, 2014).
990:
548:
2689:
2469:
1048:
758:
592:
pigtail catheter with locking string, obturator (also called
570:
534:
526:
206:
169:
160:
2036:
1259:
942:
American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
895:
American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
437:
An early modern application of the catheter was employed by
87:
2491:
1697:
884:
316:
96:
90:
2246:"Catheters: Big source of infection, but often overlooked"
1589:
248:
pigtail catheter: used to drain air from around the lung (
124:
procedures. The process of inserting a catheter is called
1546:"David Sheridan, 95; Dropout Invented Key Medical Device"
84:
565:(PTFE) innermost layer which is lubricious, followed by
469:
diagnosis, and the placement of devices such as stents.
2096:
Chapman and Nakielny's Guide to Radiological Procedures
2030:
1411:
Smith, Reston N.; Nolan, Jerry P. (November 11, 2013).
1355:
Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
1997:
1911:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 239.
1348:"Benjamin Franklin's place in the history of medicine"
1215:. U.S. National Library of Medicine. November 6, 2019.
521:
are used for the construction of catheters, including
1638:
108:
81:
2194:
1566:
Handbook on Medical and Surgical Disposable Products
99:
93:
2039:"Endovascular Device for Endothelial Cell Sampling"
500:, catheters that are not in use may be filled with
364:, and other breathing gases into the lungs using a
131:
In most uses, a catheter is a thin, flexible tube (
78:
1162:
1762:
1748:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
1493:"Cardiac Catheterization Risks and Complications"
1491:Manda, Yugandhar R.; Baradhi, Krishna M. (2023),
242:drainage of fluid collections, e.g. an abdominal
3131:
2293:Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
2004:Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
1467:"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956"
1283:
1267:"Benjamin Franklin: In Search of a Better World"
1499:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
1169:Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology
1900:
1898:
1871:
1869:
1269:. Minnesota Historical Society. Archived from
2782:
2340:
2167:
413:The ancient Egyptians created catheters from
339:, or around a major nerve bundle such as the
2243:
2161:
2118:
2112:
1904:
1854:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1490:
579:
2093:
1972:. Merit Medical. p. 21. Archived from
1938:
1905:Davies, AH; Brophy, CM (October 10, 2005).
1895:
1866:
1810:
1808:
1229:. Advantage Business Media. June 16, 2015.
549:Catheters used in interventional procedures
2789:
2775:
2347:
2333:
1939:Bakal, CW; Flacke, S (December 23, 2015).
1858:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1410:
1345:
1055:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
40:
2212:
2136:
2054:
1788:
1615:
1562:
1188:
1139:
1066:
1009:
672:There are also balloon catheters used in
377:or other medications, with the use of an
2354:
2290:
1805:
1302:10.7326/0003-4819-143-11-200512060-00012
583:
397:
192:
184:
148:and nanocarriers, enzymes and vesicles.
1878:"Catheter-Based Technology and Devices"
1522:
1520:
804:
625:
452:, work which led to the development of
14:
3132:
1875:
1255:from the original on January 17, 2015.
1233:from the original on October 24, 2017.
138:peripherally inserted central catheter
2770:
2328:
2273:. Mosaicscience.com. November 7, 2018
1967:"Angiography peripheral intervention"
1941:"Diagnostic Catheters and Guidewires"
1569:. Niir Project Consultancy Services.
1406:
1404:
1387:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
688:
345:transfer of fertilized embryos, from
1517:
1379:
661:
630:There are various catheters used in
533:, polyethylene terephthalate (PET),
512:
393:
2797:Tests and procedures involving the
24:
2170:Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases
1876:Themes, U. F. O. (June 20, 2016).
1401:
1284:Hirschmann, J.V. (December 2005).
707:
197:Single-use urinary catheter, 40 cm
25:
3151:
2320:
1738:from the original on May 8, 2018.
1704:Peritoneal Dialysis International
294:cardiac electrophysiology testing
3110:Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
1822:Interventional Cardiology Review
1657:10.2106/00004623-199310000-00011
1286:"Benjamin Franklin and Medicine"
1213:"MedlinePlus: Urinary catheters"
786:. Oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com
74:
2263:
2237:
2188:
2087:
1991:
1959:
1943:. Radiology Key. Archived from
1932:
1756:
1718:(inactive September 12, 2024).
1691:
1632:
1583:
1556:
1538:
1484:
1459:
1373:
1339:
1277:
1237:
1219:
1205:
954:10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.2.e352
907:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.2.e401
889:; Wach, P. (February 1, 1999).
836:Journal of Neuroscience Methods
490:now used routinely in surgery.
229:. When the urethra is damaged,
1156:
1099:
1042:
984:
929:
878:
848:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.09.024
823:
798:
776:
456:as a treatment, for which he,
450:central venous catheterization
13:
1:
2305:10.1016/S1051-0443(07)61322-0
2244:Laura Bailey (July 1, 2019).
1181:10.3109/03091902.2015.1085600
769:
2968:Artificial urinary sphincter
2827:Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
2043:Advanced NanoBiomed Research
1769:APSP Journal of Case Reports
1227:"MedTech Memoirs: Catheters"
1124:10.1016/j.molmet.2019.11.001
507:
168:) comes from the Greek verb
151:
7:
2973:Urethral bulking injections
2125:Journal of Vascular Surgery
1290:Annals of Internal Medicine
722:
10:
3156:
3060:Voiding cystourethrography
2094:Watson N, Jones H (2018).
2016:10.1016/j.jvir.2009.01.014
1413:"Central venous catheters"
1249:www.urologichistory.museum
1068:10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.038
692:
665:
388:
362:volatile anesthetic agents
269:peripheral venous catheter
231:suprapubic catheterisation
170:
161:
3080:
2993:
2986:
2938:
2910:
2872:
2805:
2728:
2698:
2677:
2659:
2628:
2600:
2557:
2514:
2447:
2409:
2371:
2362:
2138:10.1016/j.jvs.2018.09.029
2098:. Elsevier. p. 231.
1834:10.15420/icr.2012.7.2.100
1579:– via Google Books.
580:Interventional procedures
420:
51:
39:
34:
3003:Urinary tract ultrasound
998:Experimental Dermatology
805:Diggery, Robert (2012).
644:projectional radiography
588:Various settings of a 6
539:thermoplastic elastomers
466:Nobel Prize for Medicine
3088:Urinary catheterization
3045:Radioisotope renography
2214:10.1161/01.CIR.41.5.833
563:polytetrafluoroethylene
351:artificial insemination
273:central venous catheter
215:urinary catheterization
180:
3055:Retrograde urethrogram
2859:Kidney transplantation
2601:Retracting and viewing
2250:University of Michigan
2056:10.1002/anbr.202200023
1716:10.3747/pdi.2010.00123
1608:10.1093/ndtplus/sfq041
764:Catheter lock solution
622:
596:) and puncture needle.
502:catheter lock solution
407:
347:in vitro fertilization
321:direct measurement of
307:direct measurement of
219:intermittent catheters
198:
190:
2925:Suprapubic cystostomy
1679:on September 23, 2016
739:French catheter scale
683:arteriovenous fistula
587:
462:Dickinson W. Richards
454:cardiac catherization
401:
323:intracranial pressure
196:
188:
46:Catheter disassembled
2892:Ureterosigmoidostomy
2669:Yankauer suction tip
2629:Examination and prep
2356:Surgical instruments
1645:J Bone Joint Surg Am
1327:on December 17, 2019
1112:Molecular Metabolism
626:Diagnostic catheters
331:medication into the
265:parenteral nutrition
2434:Metzenbaum scissors
1947:on February 3, 2022
1528:"David S. Sheridan"
1346:Huth, E.J. (2007).
1273:on August 12, 2011.
640:computed tomography
636:Radiocontrast agent
402:Catheters from the
349:, or sperm, during
302:Seldinger technique
3065:Urodynamic testing
2978:Cystourethrography
2572:Aortic cross-clamp
689:Dialysis catheters
623:
594:stiffening cannula
408:
373:administration of
356:administration of
337:subarachnoid space
327:administration of
290:balloon sinuplasty
286:balloon septostomy
255:administration of
199:
191:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3103:Laser lithotripsy
2958:Urethral sounding
2887:Urinary diversion
2764:
2763:
2746:Periodontal probe
2741:Hypodermic needle
2510:
2509:
2439:Tenotomy scissors
2411:Surgical scissors
1979:on April 14, 2021
1651:(10): 1505–1507.
1550:Los Angeles Times
1429:10.1136/bmj.f6570
1061:(3): 923–932.e8.
1011:10.1111/exd.12863
695:Dialysis catheter
662:Balloon catheters
513:Urinary catheters
488:endotracheal tube
473:David S. Sheridan
458:André F. Cournand
427:Benjamin Franklin
394:Ancient inventors
353:, into the uterus
298:catheter ablation
225:inserted through
156:"Catheter" (from
62:
61:
16:(Redirected from
3147:
2991:
2990:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2768:
2767:
2751:Surgical stapler
2592:Pennington clamp
2419:Bandage scissors
2401:Von Graefe knife
2369:
2368:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2316:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2216:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2140:
2131:(4): 1282–1292.
2116:
2110:
2109:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2058:
2034:
2028:
2027:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1978:
1971:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1908:Vascular surgery
1902:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1873:
1864:
1863:
1853:
1845:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1792:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1739:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1675:. Archived from
1636:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1524:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1352:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1326:
1320:. Archived from
1281:
1275:
1274:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1192:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1143:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1070:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1013:
988:
982:
981:
948:(2): E352–E356.
933:
927:
926:
901:(2): E401–E408.
882:
876:
875:
827:
821:
820:
809:. Nova Science.
802:
796:
795:
793:
791:
780:
668:Balloon catheter
448:first performed
406:, 1st century AD
173:
172:
164:
163:
111:
106:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
80:
55:edit on Wikidata
44:
32:
31:
21:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3119:
3093:Kidney dialysis
3076:
3040:Abdominal x-ray
2982:
2934:
2906:
2868:
2801:
2795:
2765:
2760:
2756:Surgical suture
2724:
2694:
2673:
2655:
2624:
2596:
2553:
2506:
2443:
2405:
2358:
2353:
2323:
2287:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2254:
2252:
2242:
2238:
2193:
2189:
2166:
2162:
2117:
2113:
2106:
2092:
2088:
2049:(10): 2200023.
2035:
2031:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1950:
1948:
1937:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1903:
1896:
1886:
1884:
1874:
1867:
1847:
1846:
1813:
1806:
1761:
1757:
1741:
1740:
1696:
1692:
1682:
1680:
1637:
1633:
1588:
1584:
1577:
1561:
1557:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1532:Washington Post
1526:
1525:
1518:
1509:
1507:
1489:
1485:
1475:
1473:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1378:
1374:
1350:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1282:
1278:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1161:
1157:
1104:
1100:
1047:
1043:
989:
985:
934:
930:
883:
879:
828:
824:
817:
803:
799:
789:
787:
782:
781:
777:
772:
725:
710:
708:Adverse effects
702:thromboembolism
697:
691:
670:
664:
628:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
582:
567:stainless steel
551:
543:Foley catheters
523:silicone rubber
515:
510:
446:Werner Forssman
423:
396:
391:
341:brachial plexus
211:urinary bladder
183:
154:
126:catheterization
109:
77:
73:
58:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3153:
3143:
3142:
3125:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3095:
3090:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3005:
2999:
2997:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2916:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2811:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2799:urinary system
2794:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2771:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2708:Surgical drain
2704:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2613:Senn retractor
2604:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2577:Foerster clamp
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2415:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2377:
2375:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2352:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2329:
2322:
2321:External links
2319:
2318:
2317:
2299:(8): 955–964.
2285:
2284:
2262:
2236:
2207:(5): 833–839.
2187:
2160:
2111:
2104:
2086:
2029:
2010:(4): 557–559.
1990:
1958:
1931:
1917:
1894:
1865:
1804:
1755:
1710:(2): 204–206.
1690:
1631:
1602:(3): 234–246.
1582:
1575:
1555:
1552:. May 4, 2004.
1537:
1534:. May 7, 2004.
1516:
1483:
1471:NobelPrize.org
1458:
1400:
1394:978-0781755672
1393:
1372:
1338:
1276:
1258:
1236:
1218:
1204:
1175:(8): 459–470.
1155:
1098:
1041:
1004:(2): 157–159.
983:
928:
877:
822:
816:978-1621006305
815:
797:
774:
773:
771:
768:
767:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
734:Foley catheter
731:
724:
721:
709:
706:
693:Main article:
690:
687:
666:Main article:
663:
660:
627:
624:
581:
578:
550:
547:
514:
511:
509:
506:
464:would win the
439:Claude Bernard
422:
419:
395:
392:
390:
387:
386:
385:
368:
354:
343:
325:
319:
309:blood pressure
305:
275:
253:
246:
240:
234:
223:Foley catheter
182:
179:
153:
150:
60:
59:
52:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3152:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2963:Urethroplasty
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2792:
2787:
2785:
2780:
2778:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Jackson-Pratt
2711:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2429:Mayo scissors
2427:
2425:
2424:Iris scissors
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
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2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2336:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2272:
2266:
2251:
2247:
2240:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2107:
2105:9780702071669
2101:
2097:
2090:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1975:
1968:
1962:
1946:
1942:
1935:
1920:
1918:9781852332884
1914:
1910:
1909:
1901:
1899:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1870:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1811:
1809:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1694:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1635:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
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1576:9789381039281
1572:
1568:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1547:
1541:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1506:
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1498:
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1446:
1442:
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1418:
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1396:
1390:
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1376:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1342:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:(11): 830–4.
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1232:
1228:
1222:
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1200:
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1186:
1182:
1178:
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979:
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947:
943:
939:
932:
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920:
916:
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904:
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896:
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888:
887:Pieber, T. R.
881:
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669:
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652:arch of aorta
649:
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366:tracheal tube
363:
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146:nanoparticles
141:
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121:medical grade
118:
114:
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104:
71:
67:
56:
50:
43:
38:
33:
30:
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2902:Ureteroscopy
2897:Ureterolysis
2882:Ureterostomy
2849:Renal biopsy
2820:percutaneous
2735:
2620:Rib spreader
2391:Liston knife
2296:
2292:
2277:November 13,
2275:. Retrieved
2265:
2255:February 16,
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1974:the original
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1945:the original
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1907:
1885:. Retrieved
1882:Thoracic Key
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1850:cite journal
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656:celiac trunk
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516:
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404:Roman Empire
383:insulin pump
379:infusion set
371:subcutaneous
300:. Often the
250:pneumothorax
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130:
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69:
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3098:Lithotripsy
3050:Cystography
3013:Intravenous
2953:Urethrotomy
2948:Urethropexy
2854:Nephrectomy
2842:Nephroscopy
2815:Nephrostomy
2678:Measurement
2646:Head mirror
2582:Gomco clamp
2567:Allis clamp
2537:Obstetrical
2455:Bone cutter
2201:Circulation
1983:February 4,
1951:February 3,
1924:February 3,
842:: 394–401.
754:Jejunostomy
744:Gastrostomy
674:angioplasty
648:fluoroscopy
632:angiography
601:. Overview.
517:A range of
496:To prevent
335:space, the
329:anaesthetic
282:angiography
278:angioplasty
257:intravenous
238:nephrostomy
3115:Urinalysis
3070:Cystometry
3035:CT urogram
3018:Retrograde
2930:Cystoscopy
2920:Cystectomy
2864:Nephropexy
2832:Nephrotomy
2364:Dissecting
1887:August 15,
1828:(2): 100.
1497:StatPearls
1331:January 2,
770:References
678:paclitaxel
556:polyimides
261:medication
119:made from
3140:Catheters
3023:Antegrade
3008:Pyelogram
2837:Endoscopy
2641:Endoscope
2608:Retractor
2549:Tenaculum
2487:Osteotome
2465:Dermatome
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2073:2699-9307
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209:from the
205:Draining
175:kathíemai
152:Etymology
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2700:Drainage
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2651:Speculum
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2559:Clamping
2544:Hemostat
2515:Grasping
2386:RF knife
2313:10997456
2182:24685735
2155:85497739
2147:30905366
2024:19243973
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1736:Archived
1732:21427251
1626:30792802
1596:NDT Plus
1510:July 16,
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1476:July 16,
1453:16939469
1445:24217269
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1367:18447203
1318:32882591
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1028:26439798
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171:καθίεμαι
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244:abscess
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