558:
572:
1015:
337:(1972): This case began as a challenge to New York City's forced maternity leave policies. Its resolution created a precedent that established local government accountability for unconstitutional acts and created the right to obtain damages from municipalities in such cases. Since 1978, this precedent has been used by lawyers and non-profits as a tool to challenge
463:(NYPD) policy of stop-and-frisk without reasonable suspicion of criminal activity, and alleging the police used racial profiling for targeting. The case was settled, with the NYPD agreeing to a number of NYPD requirements, including a written anti-profiling policy and ongoing audits of the reasonable cause basis for stop-and-frisk activities.
175:
533:
and "stop-and frisk." These NYPD practices had led to a dramatic increase in the number of suspicion-less stop-and-frisks per year in the city, with the majority of stops in communities of color. On August 12, 2013, a federal judge in a historic ruling found the New York City Police
Department (NYPD)
182:
Incorporation for the Civil Rights Legal
Defense Fund was filed on September 9, 1966; in February, 1967, the name was changed to the Law Center for Constitutional Rights. In 1970, the name was shortened to the Center for Constitutional Rights. The founders, Morton Stavis, Arthur Kinoy, Ben Smith and
450:
for human rights violations. The suit sought compensation for damages that the plaintiffs suffered under Avril's rule. In
November 1993, CCR attorneys moved for a default judgment. In July 1994, in an unprecedented decision in which a Haitian dictator or member of the military was held accountable
190:
The Center identified as a "movement support" organization; that is, an organization that concentrated on working with political and social activists to use the courts to promote the activists' work. Cases were chosen to raise public awareness of an issue, generate media attention, and/or energize
243:
As of 2024, CCR's issue areas are: abusive immigration practices, corporate human rights abuses, criminalizing dissent, discriminatory policing, drone killings, government surveillance, Guantanamo, LGBTQI persecution, mass incarceration, Muslim profiling, Palestinian solidarity, racial injustice,
239:
in Cuba in the early days of the "war on terror." "It was the first time in history that the Court had ruled against the president on behalf of alleged enemy fighters in wartime. And it was the first of four
Supreme Court decisions between 2004 and 2008 that rejected President Bush's assertion of
29:
428:. The women had been shot at, and four injured, by KKK members. It was the first civil rights suit filed against the KKK. The plaintiffs won $ 535,000 in damages. An injunction was served on the KKK prohibiting them from engaging in violence and from entering the black community.
497:(2004): CCR represented Guantanamo detainees seeking fair trials and an end to their indefinite imprisonment without charge. The US Supreme Court case established precedent for US courts' jurisdiction over the Guantanamo Bay prison camp, affirming detainees' right to
314:
members. Seale's case was declared a mistrial and severed. The remaining seven were found not guilty of their conspiracy charges; five were found guilty of crossing state lines to incite a riot. CCR appealed and those charges were overturned.
261:
to challenge the use of state anti-subversion laws to intimidate civil rights workers. CCR won the case in the
Supreme Court, which ruled that such intimidation had a "chilling effect" on First Amendment rights and was therefore
165:
to challenge their status in US courts and gain legal representation, it has provided legal assistance to people imprisoned there and gained release for many who were unlawfully held or proven not to be a risk to security.
534:
liable for a pattern and practice of racial profiling and unconstitutional stop-and-frisks. On
January 30, 2014, the City agreed to drop its appeal of the ruling and begin the joint remedial process ordered by the court.
416:
206:(NECLC), an organization originally formed in 1951 to advocate for the civil liberties embodied in the Bill of Rights of the US Constitution, notably the rights of free speech, religion, travel, and assembly.
325:, and served as a model for challenges to similar laws in other states. This case marks the first instance of challenge to abortion statutes being argued by women as the plaintiffs in terms of women's
2258:
401:
dissident who had been tortured and killed by
Paraguayan police. The precedent created by this case has facilitated subsequent international human rights cases, including
1125:
353:. The appellate court reversal of the original conviction was upheld. The landmark Supreme Court decision had far-reaching effects on women's self-defense and the law.
2263:
2140:
365:) (1974): CCR's Kunstler and Mark Lane represented Russell Means and Dennis Banks, against charges of conspiracy and assault. Means and Banks had been leaders of the
2125:
529:(2013) CCR filed a federal class action lawsuit against the New York City Police Department (NYPD) and the City of New York that challenges the NYPD's practices of
2253:
988:
412:
These cases have established that multinational corporations and other non-state actors can be held responsible for their complicity in human rights violations.
307:
2283:
1716:
1287:
585:
191:
activists being harassed by local law enforcement in the South. In this regard, the Center differed from more traditional legal non-profits, such as the
1657:
842:
654:
196:
187:. By 1970, according to one unaffiliated lawyer quoted at the time, CCR had become "the leading gathering place for radical lawyers in the country,"
980:
1054:
1094:
148:, Morty Stavis and Ben Smith, particularly to support activists in the implementation of civil rights legislation and to achieve social justice.
546:. For 2023, it had $ 14,848,424 in revenue (including $ 13,040,969 in contributions), $ 12,468,239 in expenses, and net assets of $ 42,978,051.
1865:
178:
Jules Lobel, current
President of the Center for Constitutional Rights, testifying before Congressional subcommittee about the War Powers Act.
2273:
357:
2106:
203:
1017:
Three Barons: The
Organizational Chart of the JFK assassination (First Edition) --> Chapter "The Facts Surrounding The Prisoner Oswald"
2268:
1150:
469:(2000): In 1993, the Center for Constitutional Rights and co-counsel filed a lawsuit seeking compensation for victims and survivors of
2210:
1688:
1482:
1057:. The First Amendment Encyclopedia presented by the John Seigenthaler Chair of Excellence in First Amendment Studies. Archived from
1031:
602:
2278:
1892:
333:
1415:
2180:
258:
1852:
815:
1135:
790:
278:) (1969): CCR attorneys William Kunstler and Leonard Weinglass defended a group of demonstrators arrested following the 1968
1347:. co-authored with Lindsay Harrison in Criminal Law Stories (Donna Coker & Robert Weisberg Eds. 2013) Foundation Press.
782:
The people's lawyer: the Center for
Constitutional Rights and the fight for social justice, from civil rights to Guantánamo
195:, which was more focused on bringing winnable cases in order to extend precedents and develop the law, as well as pursuing
517:(2008), in which the Supreme Court declared the relevant parts of the MCA unconstitutional and restored the rights won in
872:
1605:
133:
451:
for human rights abuses, a federal magistrate awarded a $ 41 million damage judgment to the victims of Prosper Avril.
1025:
1524:
1429:
504:
1552:
1323:
460:
374:
155:
and human rights litigation, and activism. Since winning the landmark case in the United States Supreme Court of
2148:
1772:
1745:
1630:
1577:
1510:
1454:
1401:
1309:
1254:
1198:
1170:
966:
927:
753:
714:
503:
review, including legal representation. This right was later putatively revoked when President Bush signed the
279:
162:
900:
1468:
397:
abuses to seek justice in US courts. CCR represented the family of Joelito Filártiga, the son of a left-wing
345:
377:(FBI). After an eight-and-a-half-month trial, the US District Court of South Dakota dismissed the charges.
1665:
381:
486:
2120:
2112:
1885:
992:
454:
1282:
1058:
2228:
2171:
1487:
1374:
1212:
370:
1102:
2101:
1809:
525:
236:
213:, it has been known for bringing a variety of cases challenging the Bush administration's detention,
1268:
366:
350:
349:(1972): A women's self-defense murder case, CCR became counsel when the appeal process reached the
1080:
1861:
1232:
1227:
362:
214:
55:
1878:
590:
543:
482:
425:
184:
1352:
1338:
253:
1591:
841:
689:
2065:
607:
563:
218:
1538:
8:
2155:
1155:
1130:
311:
1856:
2080:
1730:
1710:
848:
513:
443:
390:
282:
demonstrations and consequent forceful police response. The original eight defendants,
1847:
2199:
2190:
1972:
1766:
1624:
1571:
1504:
1448:
1395:
1348:
1303:
1248:
1192:
1021:
960:
921:
796:
786:
747:
708:
664:
596:
338:
326:
2130:
2025:
1966:
1787:"Floyd, et al. v. City of New York, et al. | Center for Constitutional Rights"
1661:
1416:"United States v. Banks and Means (Wounded Knee); Center for Constitutional Rights"
843:"Civil-Liberties Units Expanding; Top Organizations to Broaden Scope of Activities"
530:
474:
270:
263:
141:
44:
1525:"Crumsey v. Justice Knights of the Ku Klux Klan; Center for Constitutional Rights"
1920:
1693:
283:
152:
489:
in 1997. On September 25, 2000, the jury decided on a verdict of $ 4.5 billion.
2030:
1977:
1379:
905:
659:
626:
439:
257:(1965): The CCR's first major case was a successful suit against the Louisiana
232:
222:
1808:
Suozzo, Andrea; Glassford, Alec; Ngu, Ash; Roberts, Brandon (August 8, 2024).
2247:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
1935:
1901:
800:
668:
499:
493:
447:
407:
295:
275:
227:
157:
137:
2020:
2015:
1925:
1915:
1750:
1324:"Monell v. Department of Social Services; Center for Constitutional Rights"
780:
434:, (1994): In 1991, on behalf of six Haitian political activists, including
421:
394:
321:(1972): CCR'S Nancy Stearns challenged New York state laws that restricted
287:
244:
sexual and gender-based violence, and torture, war crimes, and militarism.
145:
40:
2135:
2070:
2010:
1945:
1940:
1175:
941:
728:
303:
299:
1430:"Dolly M.E. Filartiga and Joel Filartiga v. Americo Norberto Peña-Irala"
2085:
2035:
1950:
1930:
1814:
1746:"New York's stop-and-frisk trial comes to a close with landmark ruling"
1339:"The Story of Wanrow: The Reasonable Woman and the Law of Self-Defense"
577:
435:
291:
183:
William Kunstler, came together through their civil rights work in the
2075:
1985:
1151:"The Chicago Seven trial and the 1968 Democratic National Convention"
571:
478:
398:
322:
341:, civil rights violations, and other local unconstitutional acts.
873:
David Cole, "Michael Ratner’s Army: The Fight Against Guantánamo"
1870:
28:
1375:"Dennis Banks, American Indian Civil Rights Leader, Dies at 80"
1786:
1213:"United States v. Dellinger; Center for Constitutional Rights"
306:, were anti-war, civil rights and human rights activists, and
1095:"The Chicago Seven Conspiracy Trial Biographies: Bobby Seale"
470:
1469:"Filártiga v. Peña-Irala; Center for Constitutional Rights"
1343:
1269:"Abramowicz v. Lefkowitz; Center for Constitutional Rights"
231:
in 2002, this was the first lawsuit to challenge President
210:
192:
1840:
140:, in the United States. It was founded in 1966 by lawyers
2126:
National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
1807:
1649:
1081:"Dombrowski v. Pfister; Center for Constitutional Rights"
459:(1999): CCR filed a class action lawsuit challenging the
174:
112:
989:
United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America
1680:
760:
542:
Center For Constitutional Rights Inc., operates as a
2259:
Civil liberties advocacy groups in the United States
553:
1637:
1592:"Doe v. Karadzic; Center for Constitutional Rights"
586:
European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights
1853:Center for Constitutional Rights Collected Records
1689:"High Court sides with Guantanamo detainees again"
1658:"High Court: Gitmo detainees have rights in court"
240:unchecked executive power in the "war on terror."
2264:Legal advocacy organizations in the United States
1539:"Paul v. Avril; Center for Constitutional Rights"
2245:
1731:"Rasul v Bush; Center for Constitutional Rights"
1715:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1288:University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Law
1126:"A Special Supplement: The Trial of Bobby Seale"
217:, and interrogation practices in the so-called "
136:non-profit legal advocacy organization based in
2254:Government watchdog groups in the United States
1142:
161:(2004), establishing the right of detainees at
1866:Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Archives
785:. New York: Monthly Review Press. p. 20.
417:Crumsey v. Justice Knights of the Ku Klux Klan
1886:
1697:. Archived from the original on June 24, 2008
1117:
2107:1968 Democratic National Convention protests
1686:
1655:
1483:"Former Klansmen fined for attack on blacks"
204:National Emergency Civil Liberties Committee
2284:Political imprisonment in the United States
648:
646:
644:
389:established a precedent for the use of the
1893:
1879:
1723:
511:petitioners to the Supreme Court again in
373:, which culminated in a standoff with the
329:rather than a doctor's right to practice.
27:
2211:William Kunstler: Disturbing the Universe
1743:
1553:"Daniels, et al. v. the City of New York"
1283:"Monell v. Department of Social Services"
1148:
816:"Leftists Steal Enemy Tactic: The Merger"
526:Floyd, et al. v. City of New York, et al.
420:(1982): CCR file for damages against the
1862:Center for Constitutional Rights Records
1373:McFadden, Robert D. (October 30, 2017).
1372:
1225:
1087:
901:"Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR)"
813:
655:"Right On! With Lawyer William Kunstler"
641:
603:International Federation of Human Rights
446:, the CCR sued former military dictator
173:
101:Sunyata Altenor, Communications Director
16:US nonprofit legal advocacy organization
1606:"Jane Doe I et al. v. Radovan Karadžić"
1123:
652:
507:into law. CCR brought many of the same
456:Daniels, et al. v. the City of New York
424:(KKK) on behalf of five black women in
334:Monell v. Department of Social Services
2246:
2181:Conspiracy: The Trial of the Chicago 8
1226:Grambush, Alana (September 11, 2023).
1013:
868:
866:
79:Advocacy, litigation, public education
1874:
1643:
1336:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
839:
778:
766:
653:Navasky, Victor S. (April 19, 1970).
2274:1966 establishments in New York City
991:. September 30, 2003. Archived from
840:Stern, Michael (December 22, 1968).
833:
814:Haberman, Clyde (January 20, 1998).
130:Law Center for Constitutional Rights
98:Nadia Ben-Youssef, Advocacy Director
2102:Youth International Party (Yippies)
1857:Swarthmore College Peace Collection
1789:. Ccrjustice.org. December 17, 2014
1744:Devereaux, Ryan (August 12, 2013).
1124:Epstein, Jason (December 4, 1969).
1014:Lateer, James (November 16, 2017).
863:
629:. Ccrjustice.org. February 20, 2009
13:
1330:
1171:"Chicago 8 trial opens in Chicago"
882:
92:Vincent Warren, Executive Director
14:
2295:
2269:Organizations established in 1966
1900:
1832:
1337:Coker, Donna K. (April 3, 2013).
721:
308:Students for a Democratic Society
2006:Center for Constitutional Rights
1557:Center for Constitutional Rights
1149:Davis, R. (September 15, 2008).
1052:
946:Center for Constitutional Rights
733:Center for Constitutional Rights
694:Center for Constitutional Rights
570:
556:
358:United States v. Banks and Means
259:Un-American Activities Committee
247:
122:Center for Constitutional Rights
22:Center for Constitutional Rights
1801:
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1545:
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1316:
1275:
1261:
1219:
1205:
1163:
1073:
1046:
1007:
973:
934:
461:New York City Police Department
375:Federal Bureau of Investigation
2279:Criminal defense organizations
2149:Miami and the Siege of Chicago
1810:"Institute for Policy Studies"
1687:Mark Sherman (June 12, 2008).
1656:Mark Sherman (June 12, 2008).
1055:"Dombrowski v. Pfister (1965)"
807:
772:
682:
619:
280:Democratic National Convention
163:Guantanamo Bay detainment camp
1:
1610:International Crimes Database
1434:International Crimes Database
613:
346:State of Washington v. Wanrow
202:In 1998, CCR merged with the
47:, Ben Smith and Morton Stavis
393:to allow foreign victims of
7:
2121:Counterculture of the 1960s
2113:The whole world is watching
981:"UE Mourns Kinoy's Passing"
549:
68:New York City, New York, US
10:
2300:
2229:The Trial of the Chicago 7
1771:: CS1 maint: url-status (
1629:: CS1 maint: url-status (
1576:: CS1 maint: url-status (
1509:: CS1 maint: url-status (
1488:United Press International
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713:: CS1 maint: url-status (
537:
271:United States v. Dellinger
169:
95:Baher Azmy, Legal Director
2164:
2094:
1998:
1959:
1908:
237:Guantanamo Bay Naval Base
235:'s wartime detentions at
108:
83:
75:
61:
51:
35:
26:
505:Military Commissions Act
367:American Indian Movement
351:Washington Supreme Court
1848:Civil Rights Greensboro
1233:New York University Law
1099:Federal Judicial Center
382:Filártiga v. Peña-Irala
363:Wounded Knee Occupation
319:Abramowicz v. Lefkowitz
215:extraordinary rendition
138:New York City, New York
2131:Mayor Richard J. Daley
779:Ruben, Albert (2011).
591:Gitanjali S. Gutierrez
426:Chattanooga, Tennessee
221:". When its president
179:
1228:"Uncharted Territory"
254:Dombrowski v. Pfister
177:
2066:Country Joe McDonald
1179:. September 22, 2020
1105:on February 24, 2017
690:"Mission and Vision"
608:Stolen Lives Project
564:United States portal
544:501(c)(3) non-profit
219:Global War on Terror
2156:Weather Underground
1491:. February 27, 1982
1156:The Chicago Tribune
1131:The New York Review
312:Black Panther Party
151:CCR has focused on
23:
2215:(2009 documentary)
849:The New York Times
820:The New York Times
514:Boumediene v. Bush
444:Alien Tort Statute
391:Alien Tort Statute
180:
21:
2241:
2240:
2191:Steal This Movie!
1973:Leonard Weinglass
1733:. Ccrjustice.org.
1594:. Ccrjustice.org.
1541:. Ccrjustice.org.
1527:. Ccrjustice.org.
1471:. Ccrjustice.org.
1418:. Ccrjustice.org.
1326:. Ccrjustice.org.
1271:. Ccrjustice.org.
1215:. Ccrjustice.org.
1138:on March 7, 2016.
1083:. Ccrjustice.org.
1053:Peck, Leonard W.
1020:. Trine Day LLC.
792:978-1-58367-237-2
597:Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
339:police misconduct
118:
117:
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2026:Bernardine Dohrn
1982:
1969:(defense lawyer)
1967:William Kunstler
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1843:
1841:Official website
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1668:on June 22, 2008
1664:. Archived from
1662:Associated Press
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1134:. Archived from
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1101:. Archived from
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1041:
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1005:
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769:, p. 26-27.
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531:racial profiling
475:Radovan Karadzic
442:, and under the
264:unconstitutional
142:William Kunstler
45:William Kunstler
31:
24:
20:
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1994:
1991:Richard Schultz
1980:
1955:
1921:David Dellinger
1904:
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1694:Monterey Herald
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2136:Vietnam War
2071:Graham Nash
2011:Stew Albert
1946:Bobby Seale
1941:Jerry Rubin
1176:History.com
1109:December 4,
985:ueunion.org
879:15 May 2016
855:February 4,
825:February 4,
485:. Karadzic
438:, Mayor of
304:Bobby Seale
300:Jerry Rubin
134:progressive
128:; formerly
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2201:Chicago 10
2141:opposition
2086:Ed Sanders
2036:Judy Gumbo
1999:Supporters
1951:Lee Weiner
1931:Tom Hayden
1909:Defendants
1821:August 15,
1815:ProPublica
1644:Ruben 2011
877:NYR Daily,
767:Ruben 2011
614:References
578:Law portal
436:Evans Paul
399:Paraguayan
292:Tom Hayden
85:Key people
56:Non-profit
2172:"Chicago"
2076:Phil Ochs
1986:Tom Foran
1711:cite news
801:697261038
669:0362-4331
487:defaulted
387:Filártiga
1767:cite web
1701:June 12,
1672:June 12,
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550:See also
479:genocide
385:(1980):
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