188:
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715:
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329:, governor-general of Algeria, who feared that the natives would resent it as an infraction of the religious peace, and he thought that the Muslim faith, being a state institution in Algeria, ought to be protected from proselytism; so it was intimated to the prelate that his sole duty was to minister to the colonists. Lavigerie made it clear that he had come to serve the whole population of Algeria.
333:
241:
He crusaded against the slave trade, and he founded the order of priests called the White
Fathers, so named for their white cassocks and red fezzes. He also established similar orders of brothers and nuns. He sent his missionaries to the Sahara, Sudan, Tunisia, and Tripolitania. His efforts were
284:
406:, but the great object of his ambition was to restore the see of St Cyprian; and in that also he was successful, for by a bull of 10 November 1884 the metropolitan see of Carthage was re-erected, and Lavigerie received the pallium on 25 January 1885.
343:
Contact with the natives during the famine caused
Lavigerie to entertain exaggerated hopes for their general conversion, and his enthusiasm was such that he offered to resign his archbishopric in order to devote himself entirely to the missions.
396:("Anticlericalism is not an article for export") and led to the exemption of Algeria from the application of the decrees concerning the religious orders. On 27 March 1882, the dignity of cardinal was conferred upon Lavigerie, given the
435:
played by a band of his Pères Blancs. The further steps in this evolution emanated from the pope, and
Lavigerie, whose health now began to fail, receded comparatively into the background. He died at Algiers on 26 November 1892.
409:
The later years of his life were spent in ardent anti-slavery propaganda and his eloquence moved large audiences in London, as well as in Paris, Brussels and other parts of the continent. He sponsored the education of
896:
318:, where he remained for four years, during which the diocese became one of the best administered in France. He declined the appointment of Archbishop of Lyons, requesting instead an appointment to the
414:, a medical student who had been ransomed from slavery by the White Fathers, at the University of Malta. He hoped, by organizing a fraternity of armed laymen as pioneers, to restore fertility to the
483:(Paris 1992). Although being a White Father himself, and a former archivist of the missionary order, Renault has been scholarly trained as a historian, having been a professor at the University of
322:, just raised to an archbishopric. Lavigerie landed in Africa on 11 May 1868, when the great famine was already making itself felt, and he began in November to collect the orphans into villages.
299:("It was there that I learned my calling"). In 1860, as Director for oriental schools, he travelled to Lebanon and Syria to administer relief to Christians there, following the massacre by the
727:
783:
843:
891:
348:
refused this, but granted him a coadjutor, and placed the whole of equatorial Africa under his charge. In 1870 at
Vatican I, Lavigerie warmly supported papal infallibility.
934:
833:
848:
838:
425:
He invited the officers of the
Mediterranean squadron to lunch at Algiers, and, practically renouncing his monarchical sympathies, to which he clung as long as the
187:
463:
There is an abundance of literature published on the life of
Charles Lavigerie, much of which has been written by members of the missionary order he founded, the
776:
418:; but this community did not succeed, and was dissolved before his death. In 1890, Lavigerie appeared in the new character of a politician and arranged with
906:
901:
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1000:
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769:
234:
missions and missionary orders to work across Africa. Lavigerie promoted
Catholicism among the peoples of North Africa, as well as the Black natives
78:
1010:
1020:
506:
291:
In 1856, he accepted the direction of the schools of the East and was thus for the first time brought into contact with the
Islamic world.
1025:
970:
736:
1015:
475:. The best, and certainly most recent one, containing reference to other literature and source material, is by François Renault,
965:
212:
365:, after the white maghrebian dress they wore. Lavigerie himself drew up the rule. In 1871, he was twice a candidate for the
208:
995:
132:
1005:
747:
402:
43:
863:
812:
366:
975:
231:
929:
853:
467:, and therefore can be biased. An important work by a French Catholic intellectual and priest is
370:
311:
and, in
October 1861, shortly after his return to Europe, was appointed French auditor at Rome.
253:
proclaimed, "Anti-clericalism is not an article for export", and he supported
Lavigerie's work.
807:
793:
204:
443:
388:
From 1881 to 1884, his activity in Tunisia so raised the prestige of France that it drew from
303:. Activity in missionary work, especially in alleviating the distresses of the victims of the
277:
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911:
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269:
990:
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in 1872. In 1874, he founded the Sahara and Sudan mission, and sent missionaries to Tunis,
8:
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667:
235:
645:
426:
243:
216:
382:
336:
Cardinal Charles Lavigerie, from an 1888 engraving by Ch. Baude from a painting by
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was alive, expressed his support of the republic, and emphasized it by having the
389:
250:
873:
308:
276:. Ordained a priest in 1849, he was a professor of ecclesiastical history at the
39:
357:
944:
868:
858:
397:
374:
319:
88:
337:
959:
740:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 293–294.
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496:
472:
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419:
411:
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352:
220:
200:
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307:, soon brought him prominently into notice. He was made a Chevalier of the
23:
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Although anti-clericalism was a major issue in France, the secular leader
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671:
51:
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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484:
481:
Le cardinal Lavigerie 1852-1892: L’Église, l’Afrique et la France
451:
265:
175:
157:
238:. He was equally ardent to transform them into French subjects.
415:
227:
620:"Notre Dame d'Afrique and Carmelite Convent, Algiers, Algeria"
422:
to make an attempt to reconcile the church with the republic.
304:
300:
273:
791:
332:
100:
Archbishop of Carthage (10 November 1884 – 26 November 1892)
203:(31 October 1825 – 26 November 1892) was a French Catholic
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588:
Shorter, Aylward. "Lavigerie, Charles Martial Allemand",
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564:
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560:
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554:
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This action, however, did not meet with the approval of
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Archbishop of Algiers (27 March 1867 – 10 November 1884)
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Bishop of Nancy, France (16 Mar 1863 – 19 January 1867)
549:
539:
537:
535:
477:
Cardinal Lavigerie. Churchman, Prophet and Missionary
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L'Anticléricalisme n'est pas un article d'exportation
502:
Catholic youth sports associations of French Algeria
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532:
957:
242:supported by the Pope and the German Chancellor
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448:Monument dedicated to the cardinal Lavigerie
507:Listing of the works of Alexandre Falguière
784:
770:
748:"Charles-Martial-Allemand Lavigerie"
186:
50:
1001:Participants in the First Vatican Council
981:Academic staff of the University of Paris
646:Cardinal Title of S. Agnese fuori le Mura
590:Dictionary of African Christian Biography
256:Lavigerie died in 1892 at the age of 67.
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331:
282:
1011:French Roman Catholic bishops in Africa
897:Salvator-Alexandre-FĂ©lix-Carmel Brincat
744:
725:
696:
684:
570:
543:
958:
583:
581:
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527:European Colonial Expansion since 1871
471:, Ă©d. Ch. Poussielgue, Paris, 1896 by
1021:Roman Catholic archbishops of Algiers
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314:Two years later he was raised to the
757:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
728:Lavigerie, Charles Martial Allemand
726:Barwick, George Frederick (1911). "
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353:Société des missionnaires d'Afrique
13:
1026:Roman Catholic bishops of Laghouat
971:Cardinals created by Pope Leo XIII
612:
609:, Paris, Fayard, 1992, p. 205-206.
197:Charles Martial Allemand Lavigerie
29:Charles Martial Allemand Lavigerie
14:
1037:
369:but was defeated. He founded the
1016:Roman Catholic bishops of Bamako
751:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
713:
297:que j'ai connu enfin ma vocation
226:A priest who became a bishop in
479:(London 1994), translation of:
651:
639:
596:
519:
133:Marie-Dominique-Auguste Sibour
1:
966:19th-century French cardinals
892:Pierre-Jean-Joseph Soubiranne
512:
458:
392:the celebrated declaration,
7:
864:Ghaleb Moussa Abdalla Bader
813:Louis-Antoine-Augustin Pavy
666:(4978): 1305. 2 June 1956.
660:The British Medical Journal
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367:National Assembly of France
10:
1042:
923:priests in the Archdiocese
920:
882:
844:Barthélemy Clément Combes
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403:Sant'Agnese fuori le mura
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834:Prosper Auguste Dusserre
355:, commonly known as the
230:, Lavigerie established
849:Auguste-Fernand Leynaud
737:Encyclopædia Britannica
351:In 1868 he founded the
259:
935:Alphonse Émile Georger
822:Archbishops of Algiers
808:Antoine-Adolphe Dupuch
794:Archdiocese of Algiers
745:Sollier, J.F. (1913).
525:Mary Evelyn Townsend,
455:
340:
288:
219:. He also founded the
209:Archbishop of Carthage
996:White Fathers priests
940:Gaston Marie Jacquier
930:Victor-FĂ©lix Bernadou
921:Bishops who served as
912:Gaston Marie Jacquier
754:Catholic Encyclopedia
658:"Dr. Adrien Atiman".
625:World Digital Library
607:Le Cardinal Lavigerie
469:Le cardinal Lavigerie
442:
335:
286:
268:, he was educated at
1006:French abolitionists
648:GCatholic.org Online
371:Notre Dame d'Afrique
699:, pp. 293–294.
444:Alexandre Falguière
280:from 1854 to 1856.
131:by Archbishop
907:Paul Pierre Pinier
902:Alexandre Piquemal
883:Auxiliary bishops,
854:Léon-Étienne Duval
839:Fédéric-Henri Oury
801:Bishops of Algiers
792:Ordinaries of the
605:François Renault,
456:
341:
289:
287:Lavigerie in Syria
953:
952:
829:Charles Lavigerie
427:comte de Chambord
244:Otto von Bismarck
217:Primate of Africa
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976:Bishops of Nancy
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139:Personal details
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154:31 October 1825
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79:Pietro Gianelli
40:Cardinal Priest
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420:Pope Leo XIII
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630:. Retrieved
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432:Marseillaise
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358:Pères Blancs
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346:Pope Pius IX
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316:see of Nancy
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296:
295:, he wrote,
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183:Coat of arms
171:(1892-11-26)
126:Consecration
24:His Eminence
991:1892 deaths
986:1825 births
603:(in French)
379:East Africa
121:2 June 1849
75:Predecessor
62:3 July 1882
960:Categories
632:2013-09-25
513:References
459:Literature
270:St Sulpice
150:1825-10-31
118:Ordination
67:Term ended
454:(détail).
85:Successor
59:Installed
672:20335675
491:See also
381:and the
293:C'est lĂ
278:Sorbonne
264:Born in
205:cardinal
160:, France
734:(ed.).
724::
485:Abidjan
452:Bayonne
398:titulus
375:Tripoli
266:Bayonne
213:Algiers
201:M. Afr.
176:Algiers
158:Bayonne
33:M. Afr.
885:former
730:". In
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670:
628:. 1899
592:, 2003
416:Sahara
338:Bonnat
305:Druzes
228:France
113:Orders
668:JSTOR
383:Congo
301:Druze
274:Paris
260:Life
215:and
211:and
166:Died
144:Born
450:in
400:of
361:or
42:of
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