1058:
653:
freezes. The hottest temperatures in the desert occur in lower elevation areas and valleys, including near the Rio Grande from south of El Paso into the Big Bend, and the Bolson de Mapimi. A subtropical temperature regime describes lower elevations in the Texas Big Bend region up to the
Presidio and Candelaria areas, then southward into similar elevations, while a warm temperate temperature regime describes higher elevations and further north. The average annual temperature in the desert varies from about 13 to 22 °C (55 to 72 °F), depending on elevation and latitude.
1040:
454:
1001:
29:
1021:
666:
44:
656:
The mean annual precipitation for the
Chihuahuan Desert is 235 mm (9.3 in) with a range of approximately 150–400 mm (6–16 in), although it receives more precipitation than most other warm desert ecoregions. Nearly two-thirds of the arid zone stations have annual totals between 225
652:
to the west, mostly varying from 480 to 1,800 m (1,575 to 5,906 ft) in elevation, the desert has a slightly milder climate in the summer (though usually daytime June temperatures are in the range of 32 to 40 °C or 90 to 104 °F), with mild to cool winters and occasional to frequent
640:
to the east, block most moisture from the
Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, respectively. Climatically, the desert mostly has an arid, mesothermal climate with one rainy season in the late summer and smaller amounts of precipitation in early winter, the mean daily temperature of the coldest month
611:
the
Chihuahuan Desert may be the most biologically diverse desert in the world as measured by species richness or endemism. The region has been badly degraded, mainly due to grazing. Many native grasses and other species have become dominated by woody native plants, including creosote bush and
657:
and 275 mm (8.9 and 10.8 in). Snowfall is scant except at the higher elevation edges. Northern and eastern portions have more definite winters than southern and western portions, receiving a portion of winter precipitation as snowfall most winters.
691:) is the dominant plant species on gravelly and occasional sandy soils in valley areas within the Chihuahuan Desert. The other species found with creosote bush depend on factors including the soil type, elevation, and degree of slope. Viscid acacia (
892:
The United
Nations Environment Programme reported in 2006 that nearly half of the bird, mammal, and butterfly species in the Chihuahuan Desert are expected to be replaced by other species by 2055 due to climate change.
1057:
509:
adjacent to, or within the desert, and such elevated areas have both coniferous and broadleaf woodlands, including forests along drainages and favored exposures. The lower elevations of the
1039:
596:
are among the other communities in this ecoregion. Safford and Benson in
Arizona are located in low elevations of the western edges of the Chihuahuan Desert, but in an
2479:
914:
645:
when moist air from the Gulf of Mexico and the Sea of Cortez penetrates into the region, or much less frequently, when a tropical cyclone moves inland and stalls.
1020:
249:
844:
821:
and lechuguilla are found in areas with well-draining, shallow soils. The shrubs found near the Sierra Madre
Oriental are exclusively lechuguilla, guapilla (
817:
693:
958:
2554:
910:
2529:
1088:
901:
A 2017 assessment found that 35,905 km (13,863 sq mi), or 7%, of the ecoregion is in protected areas. Protected areas include
114:
942:
877:). Early Spanish explorers reported encountering grasses that were "belly high to a horse"; most likely these were big alkali sacaton (
119:
2544:
2484:
1391:
859:
Desert or arid grasslands comprise 20% of this desert and are often mosaics of shrubs and grasses. They include purple three-awn (
2564:
922:
2549:
2489:
1093:
1000:
902:
934:
2534:
938:
2539:
2524:
2579:
966:
2022:
2559:
1492:
1418:
1233:
986:
763:), are dominant in desert grasslands and near the mountain edges including the Sierra Madre Occidental. Lechuguilla (
486:
2262:
2342:
2584:
1258:
2569:
2504:
954:
946:
442:
641:
warmer than 0 °C (32 °F). The majority of rain falls between late June and early
October during the
2574:
2494:
2443:
982:
327:
962:
510:
76:
2514:
99:
930:
2499:
2474:
608:
482:
386:
2509:
1834:
978:
970:
805:
723:
421:
range. Its largest, continual expanse is located in Mexico, covering a large portion of the state of
94:
1449:
517:
Region partly border the
Chihuahuan Desert and partly border other ecoregions that are not deserts.
2519:
2453:
2165:
2042:
139:
1064:
918:
2589:
1533:
1464:
1083:
906:
829:
783:
633:
573:
541:
414:
109:
104:
2372:
2324:
2125:
2115:
2070:
2052:
1791:
1713:
1453:
1113:
974:
873:
705:
642:
577:
545:
34:
1225:
2414:
2302:
2247:
2195:
2155:
1616:
1485:
637:
561:
470:
418:
310:
1408:
2381:
2229:
2200:
2170:
2130:
1566:
793:
741:
569:
557:
525:
134:
533:
8:
2252:
2220:
2090:
1904:
1824:
1746:
879:
777:
771:
753:
589:
494:
129:
59:
2406:
2009:
1548:
1388:
721:
species are abundant on slopes and uplands in most areas, while
Arizona rainbow cactus (
453:
2426:
2282:
2242:
2180:
2145:
2135:
2120:
1538:
1193:
1166:
1103:
926:
867:
747:
729:
565:
529:
302:
1671:
2352:
2337:
2277:
2110:
2075:
1995:
1876:
1680:
1636:
1459:
1414:
1229:
1218:
1198:
1098:
1047:
1007:
950:
885:
861:
823:
811:
765:
759:
699:
687:
474:
422:
194:
1342:
2448:
2140:
2105:
1899:
1718:
1478:
1367:
1188:
1178:
849:
736:
593:
490:
410:
361:
1438:
1287:
521:
28:
2257:
2100:
2080:
2065:
2037:
2027:
2017:
1977:
1934:
1806:
1781:
1776:
1688:
1606:
1556:
1528:
1518:
1395:
553:
514:
498:
478:
469:
There are several larger mountain ranges in the Chihuahuan Desert, including the
402:
382:
803:
are the most common species in the southeastern part of the desert. Candelilla (
620:, once abundant, was nearly extinct and remains on the endangered species list.
2362:
2357:
2332:
2310:
2272:
2267:
2190:
2185:
1987:
1967:
1909:
1881:
1771:
1766:
1756:
1751:
1703:
1698:
1661:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1129:
799:
649:
601:
537:
462:
458:
406:
124:
64:
1656:
2468:
2292:
2287:
2237:
2175:
2160:
2150:
2085:
2060:
2032:
1972:
1962:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1914:
1859:
1849:
1723:
1626:
1611:
1586:
1576:
1561:
549:
441:. With an area of about 501,896 km (193,783 sq mi), it is the
264:
251:
173:
1183:
438:
209:
2394:
2347:
1871:
1864:
1854:
1738:
1728:
1641:
1631:
1596:
1523:
1202:
617:
585:
581:
665:
2210:
2205:
1957:
1924:
1919:
1839:
1829:
1761:
1571:
1134:
1118:
1108:
629:
613:
632:
desert because the two main mountain ranges which bound the desert, the
43:
2389:
1891:
1844:
1786:
1651:
1139:
835:
678:
502:
394:
390:
337:
292:
229:
1167:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm"
393:, the middle to lower Rio Grande Valley and the lower Pecos Valley in
2419:
1816:
1262:
1123:
670:
434:
378:
219:
1693:
1068:
1030:
853:
841:
788:
426:
199:
1796:
717:
597:
506:
430:
398:
224:
204:
1470:
1801:
1646:
1513:
1502:
375:
214:
168:
1708:
1621:
1312:
1224:(2007 ed.). New York, New York: Penguin Books. pp.
1026:
711:
674:
234:
71:
1051:)—one of the indicator plants of the Chihuahuan Desert
520:
There are few urban areas within the desert: the largest is
445:. The desert is fairly young, existing for only 8000 years.
648:
Owing to its inland position and higher elevation than the
401:, as well as the central and northern portions of the
1177:(6). pp. 534–545; Supplemental material 2 table S1b.
1450:
Chihuahuan Desert images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu
1165:
Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; et al. (2017).
1164:
915:
Cañón de Santa Elena Flora and Fauna Protection Area
1217:
703:) dominate northern portions, while broom dalea (
2480:Deserts and xeric shrublands in the United States
2466:
1465:Small desert beetle found to engineer ecosystems
417:range, along with northwestern lowlands of the
1413:. United Nations Environment Programme. 2006.
959:Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks National Monument
733:) inhabit portions near the US–Mexico border.
1486:
1261:. New Mexico State University. Archived from
1089:List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)
709:) occurs on sandy soils in western portions.
513:, the Magdalena–San Mateo Mountains, and the
369:
1160:
1158:
1156:
911:Médanos de Samalayuca Natural Protected Area
350:35,905 km (13,863 sq mi) (7%)
1493:
1479:
1460:Pronatura Noreste in the Chihuahuan Desert
1033:typify the plants in the Chihuahuan Desert
943:Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge
1192:
1182:
1153:
157:501,896 km (193,783 sq mi)
1063:Poza Azul, one of many a springs in the
889:) along floodplain or bottomland areas.
664:
452:
115:Sierra Madre Occidental pine–oak forests
2555:Natural history of the Mexican Plateau
2467:
1398:, Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute
1337:
1335:
1333:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1215:
981:, Black Gap Wildlife Management Area,
923:Ocampo Flora and Fauna Protection Area
120:Sierra Madre Oriental pine–oak forests
1474:
1362:
1360:
1282:
1280:
1094:List of geographical regions in Texas
903:Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge
524:with almost two million inhabitants;
2530:Natural history of Chihuahua (state)
939:Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge
927:Maderas del Carmen Biosphere Reserve
787:are the dominant species in western
405:. It is bordered on the west by the
1330:
1242:
443:largest hot desert in North America
13:
1357:
1277:
1209:
967:Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge
896:
727:) and Mexican fire-barrel cactus (
14:
2601:
1500:
1431:
987:Guadalupe Mountains National Park
48:Location map of Chihuahuan Desert
1056:
1038:
1019:
999:
437:, and small western portions of
397:, and a portion of southeastern
42:
27:
2485:Ecoregions of the United States
1029:, creosote, buffalo gourd, and
457:The terrain mainly consists of
433:, the extreme northern part of
33:Chihuahuan desert landscape in
16:Largest desert in North America
2565:Geography of Chihuahua (state)
1401:
1382:
1305:
955:Oliver Lee Memorial State Park
947:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
381:designation covering parts of
1:
2545:Natural history of Nuevo León
1216:Wright, John W., ed. (2006).
1146:
983:Franklin Mountains State Park
935:Cañón de Fernández State Park
2550:Natural history of Zacatecas
2490:Deserts and xeric shrublands
963:Petroglyph National Monument
848:), while the well-developed
616:and other urbanization. The
448:
77:Deserts and xeric shrublands
7:
2535:Natural history of Coahuila
1076:
827:), Queen Victoria's agave (
100:Colorado Plateau shrublands
10:
2606:
2540:Natural history of Durango
2525:Southwestern United States
1467:EurekAlert! March 27, 2008
1394:September 6, 2006, at the
1220:The New York Times Almanac
992:
623:
609:World Wide Fund for Nature
389:. It occupies much of far
387:southwestern United States
2439:
2405:
2380:
2371:
2323:
2301:
2228:
2219:
2051:
2008:
1986:
1933:
1890:
1815:
1737:
1679:
1670:
1547:
1509:
979:Big Bend Ranch State Park
971:White Sands National Park
806:Euphorbia antisyphilitica
724:Echinocereus polyacanthus
461:broken by numerous small
425:, along with portions of
346:
336:
326:
321:
298:
288:
280:
243:
182:
161:
153:
148:
95:Arizona Mountains forests
82:
70:
58:
53:
41:
26:
21:
2560:Deserts of North America
1313:"Lobos of the Southwest"
931:Mapimí Biosphere Reserve
660:
511:Sandia–Manzano Mountains
140:Western short grasslands
2580:Geography of Nuevo León
1534:List of deserts by area
1370:. Encyclopedia of Earth
1345:. National Park Service
1259:"The Chihuahuan Desert"
1084:List of deserts by area
907:Janos Biosphere Reserve
871:), and sideoats grama (
830:Agave victoriae-reginae
784:Echinocereus pectinatus
634:Sierra Madre Occidental
628:The desert is mainly a
536:; and the US cities of
415:Sierra Madre Occidental
110:Meseta Central matorral
105:Edwards Plateau savanna
2585:Geography of Zacatecas
2116:Gran Desierto de Altar
1445:. World Wildlife Fund.
1443:Terrestrial Ecoregions
1410:Global Deserts Outlook
1292:Terrestrial Ecoregions
1114:Samalayuca Dune Fields
975:Big Bend National Park
874:Bouteloua curtipendula
739:, such as bush muhly (
706:Psorothamnus scoparius
682:
643:North American Monsoon
466:
370:
365:
265:30.54056°N 103.83722°W
35:Big Bend National Park
2570:Geography of Coahuila
2505:Deserts of New Mexico
2415:North American Arctic
2156:North American Arctic
1294:. World Wildlife Fund
1184:10.1093/biosci/bix014
1065:Cuatro Ciénegas Basin
919:Cuatro Ciénegas Basin
668:
638:Sierra Madre Oriental
505:" of cooler, wetter,
456:
419:Sierra Madre Oriental
371:Desierto Chihuahuense
366:Desierto de Chihuahua
2575:Geography of Durango
2495:Ecoregions of Mexico
1265:on December 27, 2012
839:spp.), and barreta (
797:), lechuguilla, and
794:Fouquieria splendens
757:), and hairy grama (
742:Muhlenbergia porteri
636:to the west and the
487:Sacramento Mountains
413:, and the extensive
270:30.54056; -103.83722
135:Tamaulipan mezquital
2343:Los Médanos de Coro
2091:Channeled scablands
1714:Ramlat al-Sab'atayn
1439:"Chihuahuan desert"
1368:"Chihuahuan Desert"
1343:"Chihuahuan Desert"
1288:"Chihuahuan desert"
973:in New Mexico; and
880:Sporobolus wrightii
818:Acacia glandulifera
778:Opuntia macrocentra
772:Prosopis glandulosa
769:), honey mesquite (
694:Vachellia vernicosa
685:The creosote bush (
495:Guadalupe Mountains
328:Conservation status
261: /
130:Tamaulipan matorral
2515:Deserts of Arizona
2136:Jornada del Muerto
1539:Desert exploration
1454:slow modem version
1389:Chihuahuan Climate
1104:Malpai Borderlands
868:Bouteloua eriopoda
852:includes grasses,
748:Bouteloua gracilis
730:Ferocactus pilosus
683:
671:Pronghorn antelope
483:Franklin Mountains
467:
2500:Deserts of Mexico
2475:Chihuahuan Desert
2462:
2461:
2435:
2434:
2319:
2318:
2004:
2003:
1681:Arabian Peninsula
1637:Plaine des Sables
1099:McKittrick Canyon
1071:, Mexico (2009).
1048:Agave lechuguilla
1012:Larrea tridentata
951:Carrizozo Malpais
886:Pleuraphis mutica
862:Aristida purpurea
824:Hechtia glomerata
812:Mimosa zygophylla
766:Agave lechuguilla
751:), gypsum grama (
737:Herbaceous plants
700:Flourensia cernua
688:Larrea tridentata
612:mesquite, due to
607:According to the
475:Sierra del Carmen
358:Chihuahuan Desert
354:
353:
22:Chihuahuan Desert
2597:
2510:Deserts of Texas
2378:
2377:
2226:
2225:
1677:
1676:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1472:
1471:
1446:
1425:
1424:
1405:
1399:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1364:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1339:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1284:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1255:
1240:
1239:
1223:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1196:
1186:
1162:
1060:
1042:
1023:
1003:
865:), black grama (
850:herbaceous layer
697:), and tarbush (
501:. These create "
491:Chisos Mountains
429:, north-eastern
411:Colorado Plateau
373:
276:
275:
273:
272:
271:
266:
262:
259:
258:
257:
254:
46:
31:
19:
18:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2520:Mexican Plateau
2465:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2431:
2401:
2367:
2315:
2297:
2258:Nullarbor Plain
2215:
2126:Great Salt Lake
2071:Baja California
2047:
2018:Bardenas Reales
2000:
1982:
1935:Iranian Plateau
1929:
1886:
1811:
1792:Saryesik-Atyrau
1733:
1666:
1602:Farafra (White)
1543:
1529:List of deserts
1519:Desertification
1505:
1499:
1437:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1421:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1396:Wayback Machine
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1358:
1348:
1346:
1341:
1340:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1297:
1295:
1286:
1285:
1278:
1268:
1266:
1257:
1256:
1243:
1236:
1214:
1210:
1163:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1079:
1072:
1061:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1024:
1015:
1004:
995:
899:
897:Protected areas
745:), blue grama (
663:
626:
499:Davis Mountains
479:Organ Mountains
463:mountain ranges
451:
403:Mexican Plateau
383:northern Mexico
269:
267:
263:
260:
255:
252:
250:
248:
247:
239:
191:
190:
178:
144:
91:
90:
49:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2603:
2593:
2592:
2590:Madrean Region
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2427:Russian Arctic
2424:
2423:
2422:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2386:
2384:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2248:Great Victoria
2245:
2240:
2234:
2232:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2196:Tule (Arizona)
2193:
2191:Tonopah Desert
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2166:Painted Desert
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2014:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1992:
1990:
1988:Southeast Asia
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1821:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1767:Dasht-e Naomid
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1683:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1553:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1498:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1462:
1457:
1447:
1433:
1432:External links
1430:
1427:
1426:
1419:
1400:
1381:
1356:
1329:
1317:Mexican Wolves
1304:
1276:
1241:
1234:
1208:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1130:Sonoran Desert
1127:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1025:
1018:
1016:
1005:
998:
994:
991:
985:, and part of
925:, and part of
917:in Chihuahua;
898:
895:
883:) and tobosa (
800:Yucca filifera
662:
659:
650:Sonoran Desert
625:
622:
602:Sonoran Desert
450:
447:
407:Sonoran Desert
352:
351:
348:
344:
343:
340:
334:
333:
330:
324:
323:
319:
318:
300:
296:
295:
290:
286:
285:
282:
281:Oceans or seas
278:
277:
245:
241:
240:
238:
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
188:
187:
186:
184:
180:
179:
177:
176:
171:
165:
163:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
146:
145:
143:
142:
137:
132:
127:
125:Sonoran Desert
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
88:
87:
86:
84:
80:
79:
74:
68:
67:
62:
56:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2602:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2373:Polar regions
2370:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2325:South America
2322:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2201:Tule (Nevada)
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2053:North America
2050:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2007:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1835:Gurbantünggüt
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1719:Rub' al Khali
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1422:
1420:9789280727227
1416:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1385:
1369:
1363:
1361:
1344:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1318:
1314:
1308:
1293:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1237:
1235:0-14-303820-6
1231:
1227:
1222:
1221:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1152:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1070:
1066:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1045:Lechuguilla (
1041:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:creosote bush
1002:
997:
996:
990:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
929:in Coahuila;
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
894:
890:
888:
887:
882:
881:
876:
875:
870:
869:
864:
863:
857:
856:, and cacti.
855:
851:
847:
846:
843:
838:
837:
832:
831:
826:
825:
820:
819:
814:
813:
808:
807:
802:
801:
796:
795:
790:
786:
785:
780:
779:
774:
773:
768:
767:
762:
761:
756:
755:
750:
749:
744:
743:
738:
734:
732:
731:
726:
725:
720:
719:
714:
713:
708:
707:
702:
701:
696:
695:
690:
689:
680:
676:
672:
667:
658:
654:
651:
646:
644:
639:
635:
631:
621:
619:
615:
610:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
570:Fort Stockton
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:Ciudad Juárez
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
464:
460:
455:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
377:
372:
367:
363:
359:
349:
345:
341:
339:
335:
331:
329:
325:
320:
316:
312:
311:hot semi-arid
308:
304:
301:
297:
294:
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
246:
242:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
192:
185:
181:
175:
174:United States
172:
170:
167:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
92:
85:
81:
78:
75:
73:
69:
66:
63:
61:
57:
52:
45:
40:
36:
30:
25:
20:
2395:Meyer Desert
2253:Little Sandy
2095:
2023:Cabo de Gata
1905:Indus Valley
1825:Badain Jaran
1747:Aral Karakum
1739:Central Asia
1729:Wahiba Sands
1642:Richtersveld
1567:Black Desert
1524:Polar desert
1442:
1409:
1403:
1384:
1374:February 16,
1372:. Retrieved
1349:February 16,
1347:. Retrieved
1320:. Retrieved
1316:
1307:
1296:. Retrieved
1291:
1269:February 16,
1267:. Retrieved
1263:the original
1219:
1211:
1174:
1170:
1046:
1011:
937:in Durango;
905:in Arizona;
900:
891:
884:
878:
872:
866:
860:
858:
840:
834:
828:
822:
816:
810:
804:
798:
792:
791:. Ocotillo (
782:
776:
770:
764:
758:
754:B. breviseta
752:
746:
740:
735:
728:
722:
716:
710:
704:
698:
692:
686:
684:
655:
647:
627:
618:Mexican wolf
606:
519:
471:Sierra Madre
468:
357:
355:
322:Conservation
314:
306:
299:Climate type
2303:New Zealand
2283:Sturt Stony
2243:Great Sandy
2181:Smoke Creek
2146:Lechuguilla
2131:Great Sandy
2121:Great Basin
1762:Betpak-Dala
1322:20 December
1135:Trans-Pecos
1119:Sky islands
1109:Pecos River
1067:in central
630:rain shadow
614:overgrazing
574:Fort Sumner
542:Albuquerque
503:sky islands
268: /
256:103°50′14″W
244:Coordinates
2469:Categories
2390:Antarctica
2353:Patagonian
2338:La Guajira
2278:Strzelecki
2171:Red Desert
2111:Forty Mile
2096:Chihuahuan
2076:Black Rock
1892:South Asia
1877:Taklamakan
1652:Tanezrouft
1298:2010-10-22
1171:BioScience
1147:References
1140:West Texas
989:in Texas.
845:parvifolia
836:Dasylirion
833:), sotol (
760:B. hirsuta
679:Otero Mesa
578:Las Cruces
546:Alamogordo
497:, and the
439:Nuevo León
395:New Mexico
391:West Texas
338:Global 200
332:Vulnerable
303:Hot desert
293:Rio Grande
253:30°32′26″N
230:New Mexico
210:Nuevo León
2420:Greenland
2382:Antarctic
2230:Australia
2106:Escalante
2043:Deliblato
1900:Cholistan
1817:East Asia
1617:Moçâmedes
1126:formation
1124:Solitario
600:with the
562:Carrizozo
526:Chihuahua
449:Geography
435:Zacatecas
423:Chihuahua
379:ecoregion
347:Protected
220:Zacatecas
195:Chihuahua
162:Countries
149:Geography
2449:Category
2101:Colorado
2081:Carcross
2066:Amargosa
2038:Tabernas
2028:Monegros
1978:Registan
1782:Moiynkum
1777:Kyzylkum
1689:Ad-Dahna
1607:Kalahari
1557:Algerian
1392:Archived
1203:28608869
1077:See also
1069:Coahuila
1031:mesquite
842:Helietta
789:Coahuila
558:Carlsbad
530:Saltillo
507:climates
427:Coahuila
385:and the
200:Coahuila
65:Nearctic
2454:Commons
2444:Project
2363:Tatacoa
2358:Sechura
2333:Atacama
2311:Rangipo
2273:Simpson
2268:Pedirka
2263:Painted
2221:Oceania
2186:Sonoran
2033:Oleshky
1910:Katpana
1882:Tengger
1807:Ustyurt
1797:Sarykum
1772:Karakum
1757:Barsuki
1752:Aralkum
1704:Judaean
1699:Arabian
1662:Western
1592:Eastern
1582:Danakil
1503:deserts
1194:5451287
993:Gallery
854:legumes
718:Opuntia
677:in the
624:Climate
598:ecotone
594:Willcox
590:Roswell
538:El Paso
534:Torreón
431:Durango
399:Arizona
374:) is a
362:Spanish
225:Arizona
205:Durango
83:Borders
54:Ecology
2407:Arctic
2293:Tirari
2288:Tanami
2238:Gibson
2176:Sevier
2161:Owyhee
2151:Mojave
2086:Carson
2061:Alvord
2010:Europe
1996:La Paz
1973:Polond
1968:Naomid
1915:Kharan
1872:Qaidam
1860:Kubuqi
1850:Kumtag
1802:Taukum
1724:Syrian
1657:Ténéré
1647:Sahara
1627:Nubian
1612:Libyan
1587:Djurab
1577:Chalbi
1562:Bayuda
1549:Africa
1514:Desert
1501:World
1417:
1232:
1201:
1191:
1006:Young
969:, and
675:yuccas
673:among
592:, and
566:Deming
554:Benson
550:Alpine
532:, and
493:, the
489:, the
485:, the
481:, the
477:, the
473:, the
459:basins
409:, the
376:desert
309:) and
289:Rivers
215:Sonora
183:States
169:Mexico
2348:Monte
1963:Margo
1953:Leili
1948:Khash
1943:Kavir
1865:Mu Us
1855:Ordos
1709:Negev
1694:Nefud
1632:Nyiri
1622:Namib
1597:Ferlo
1027:Yucca
712:Yucca
661:Flora
586:Pecos
582:Marfa
235:Texas
72:Biome
60:Realm
2211:Yuma
2206:Yuha
2141:Kaʻū
1925:Thar
1920:Thal
1840:Hami
1830:Gobi
1672:Asia
1572:Blue
1415:ISBN
1376:2013
1351:2013
1324:2017
1271:2013
1230:ISBN
1199:PMID
933:and
913:and
781:and
715:and
540:and
515:Gila
356:The
189:List
154:Area
89:List
1958:Lut
1845:Lop
1787:Ryn
1226:456
1189:PMC
1179:doi
809:),
775:),
342:Yes
315:BSh
307:BWh
284:Non
2471::
1441:.
1359:^
1332:^
1315:.
1290:.
1279:^
1244:^
1228:.
1197:.
1187:.
1175:67
1173:.
1169:.
1155:^
977:,
965:,
961:,
957:,
953:,
949:,
945:,
941:,
921:,
909:,
815:,
669:A
604:.
588:,
584:,
580:,
576:,
572:,
568:,
564:,
560:,
556:,
552:,
548:,
544:.
528:,
368:,
364::
1494:e
1487:t
1480:v
1456:)
1452:(
1423:.
1378:.
1353:.
1326:.
1301:.
1273:.
1238:.
1205:.
1181::
1014:)
1010:(
681:.
465:.
360:(
317:)
313:(
305:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
