3222:
1751:. Fifth Generation filmmakers reacted against the ideological purity of Cultural Revolution cinema. By relocating to regional studios, they began to explore the actuality of local culture in a somewhat documentarian fashion. Instead of stories depicting heroic military struggles, the films were built out of the drama of ordinary people's daily lives. They also retained political edge, but aimed at exploring issues rather than recycling approved policy. While Cultural Revolution films used character, the younger directors favored psychological depth along the lines of European cinema. They adopted complex plots, ambiguous symbolism, and evocative imagery. Some of their bolder works with political overtones were banned by Chinese authorities.
3106:
10505:
8790:
48:
1572:
5879:[In the past four years, films with more than 100 million viewers in urban and rural areas include: "Xi ying men" 650 million, "Wudang" 610 million, "Shao lin di zi" 520 million, "Wu lin zhi" 500 million, "Cong Nu Li Dao Jiang Jun" 470 million, "Xi'an Incident" 450 million, "Ji Hong Chang" 380 million, "Kai Qiang, Wei Ta Song Xing" 330 million, "Du Shiniang" 260 million, "A General Wearing the Sword" 260 million, "Burning of the Imperial Palace" 240 million]
3118:
718:
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1563:, though sharing a similar subject as the earlier scar dramas, was more realistic in style, and was made only through obfuscating its real script. Shown abroad, it was banned from release in mainland China, while Tian himself was banned from making any films for nearly a decade afterward. After the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, few if any scar dramas were released domestically in mainland China.
647:(1939), with its story of a young Chinese peasant fighting against a foreign invasion, was a particularly good example of Shanghai's continued film-production in the midst of war. This period ended when Japan declared war on the Western allies on 7 December 1941; the solitary island was finally engulfed by the sea of the Japanese occupation. With the Shanghai industry firmly in Japanese control, films like the
431:
1818:, which translates to the 'theme of our times', which scholars suggest is representative of China's socio-political climate and cultural context of popular cinema. These main melody films, still produced regularly in modern times, try to emulate the commercial mainstream by the use of Hollywood-style music and special effects. A significant feature of these films is the incorporation of a "
505:
633:" period (also known as the "Sole Island" or "Orphan Island"), with Shanghai's foreign concessions serving as an "island" of production in the "sea" of Japanese-occupied territory. It was during this period that artists and directors who remained in the city had to walk a fine line between staying true to their leftist and nationalist beliefs and Japanese pressures. Director
1822:", which is a song written as propaganda to support the People's Republic of China. By revolving the film around the motif of a red song, the film is able to gain traction at the box office as songs are generally thought to be more accessible than a film. Theoretically, once the red song dominates the charts, it will stir interest in the film that which it accompanies.
600:
2222:, a slow-moving relationship drama about a team of filmmakers scouting for locations and musical talent in China's rural hinterland. The film is Zhang's highest profile production so far, as it stars actor Wang Xuebing in the leading role. The film was partly financed by iQiyi, the company behind one of China's most popular online video browsing sharing sites.
2862:. Released in 2019, it became the second highest-grossing film of all time in China, the highest-grossing animated non-English film, and the highest-grossing animated film in a single territory. It was with this film that Chinese animated films, as a medium, finally broke the notion in China that domestic animated films are only for children. With
234:
3326:(2008–09). The ease with which ethnic Chinese actresses and actors straddle the mainland and Hong Kong has significantly increased the number of co-productions in Chinese-language cinema. Many of these films also feature South Korean or Japanese actors to appeal to their East Asian neighbours. Some artistes originating from the mainland, like
2683:. It was at this time that Chinese animation as an art form had risen to prominence on the world stage. Completed in 1941, the film was released under China United Pictures and aroused a great response in Asia. Japanese animator Shigeru Tezuka once said that he gave up medicine after watching the cartoon and decided to pursue animation.
788:("Culture Films"), moved away from the leftist tradition and explored the evolution and development of other dramatic genres. Wenhua treated postwar problems in universalistic and humanistic ways, avoiding the family narrative and melodramatic formulae. Excellent examples of Wenhua's fare are its first two postwar features,
829:
that led to its labeling by the
Communists as rightist or reactionary, and the film was quickly forgotten by those on the mainland following the Communist victory in China in 1949. However, with the China Film Archive's re-opening after the Cultural Revolution, a new print was struck from the original negative, allowing
3064:(2015) became the first to reach CN¥2 billion. As of 2021, 9 of the top 10 highest-grossing films in China are domestic productions. On 8 February 2016, the Chinese box office set a new single-day gross record, with CN¥660 million, beating the previous record of CN¥425 million on 18 July 2015. Also in February 2016,
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Chinese silent films at this time were only comic skits or operatic shorts, and training was minimal at a technical aspect due to this being a period of experimental film. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, filmmaking in China was largely done by film studios and there was comparatively little small scale filmmaking.
490:. In part due to the success of these kinds of films, this post-1930 era is now often referred to as the first "golden period" of Chinese cinema. The Leftist cinematic movement often revolved around the Western-influenced Shanghai, where filmmakers portrayed the struggling lower class of an overpopulated city.
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has been selected to compete in the official competition for the Palme d'Or of the 71st Cannes Film
Festival, the highest prize awarded at the film festival. It is Jia's fifth movie, a gangster revenge drama that is his most expensive and mainstream film to date. Back in 2013, Jia won Best Screenplay
2192:
in 2017 and on the other hand is Zhang, a 56-year-old film school professor who spent years working on government commissions and domestic TV shows after struggling with his own projects. Despite their different profiles, they mark an important cornerstone in
Chinese cinema and are both credited with
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Many scar dramas were made by members of the Fourth
Generation whose own careers or lives had suffered during the events in question, while younger, Fifth Generation directors such as Tian tended to focus on less controversial subjects of the immediate present or the distant past. Official enthusiasm
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In addition to films deemed laudatory, from the middle of 1966 to 1968, the expanding film distribution network screened films characterized as "poisonous weeds" to hundreds of millions of audience members for the purpose of criticizing the films. These criticism screenings were sometimes accompanied
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Until the profusion of mobile projectionist teams in the 1950s, most rural people had not seen a film. The number of movie-viewers hence increased sharply, partly bolstered by the fact that film tickets were given out to work units and attendance was compulsory, with admissions rising from 47 million
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shortly prior to the revolution, is often regarded by
Chinese film critics as one of the most important films in the history of Chinese cinema, in 2005, Hong Kong film awards it as the best 100 years of film. Ironically, it was precisely its artistic quality and apparent lack of "political grounding"
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which won
Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2000. This multi-national production increased its appeal by featuring stars from all parts of the Chinese-speaking world. It provided an introduction to Chinese cinema (and especially the wuxia genre) for many and increased the popularity of
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Chinese film production developed significantly in the 1920s. During the 1920s film technicians from the United States trained
Chinese technicians in Shanghai, and American influence continued to be felt there for the next two decades. Since film was still in its earliest stages of development, most
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revived the practice of mobile rural cinema as part of its 2131 Project which aimed to screen one movie per month per village in rural China and upgrade analog equipment to digital projectors. In 2003, the central government provided more than 400 film projection vans to Tibet and
Xinjiang to show
2187:
In the 2018 Cannes Film
Festival, two of China's Sixth generation filmmakers, Jia Zhangke and Zhang Ming – whose grim works transformed Chinese cinema in the 1990s – showed on the French Riviera. While both directors represent Chinese cinema, their profiles are quite different. The 49-year-old Jia
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to present and explore history and structure of national culture. As a result of the new films being so intricate, the films were for more educated audiences than anything. The new style was profitable for some and helped filmmakers to make strides in the business. It allowed directors to get away
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The
Communist government solved the problem of a lack of film theaters by building mobile projection units which could tour the remote regions of China, ensuring that even the poorest could have access to films. The vast majority of China's people lived in rural areas, and most people in China had
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During this period, the technical level of Chinese domestic animation production has been established comprehensively, and 3D animation films have become the mainstream. However, as more and more foreign films (such as ones from Japan, Europe, and the United States) are being imported into China,
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There is a growing number of independent seventh or post-Sixth Generation filmmakers making films with extremely low budgets and using digital equipment. They are the so-called dGeneration (for digital). These films, like those from Sixth Generation filmmakers, are mostly made outside the Chinese
908:
After the establishment of the PRC, China's cultural bureaucracy described American films as screen-opium and began criticizing American film alongside anti-drug campaigns. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) sought to tighten control over mass media, producing instead movies centering on peasants,
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The country added about 8,035 screens in 2015 (at an average of 22 new screens per day, increasing its total by about 40% to around 31,627 screens, which is about 7,373 shy of the number of screens in the United States. Chinese films accounted for 61.48% of ticket sales in 2015 (up from 54% last
1923:
than the often lush, far more considered productions of the Fifth Generation. Unlike the Fifth Generation, the Sixth Generation brings a more individualistic, anti-romantic life-view and pays far closer attention to contemporary urban life, especially as affected by disorientation, rebellion and
1220:
held a meeting to introduce a Great Leap Forward in cinema. During the Great Leap Forward, the film industry rapidly expanded, with documentary films being the genre that experienced the greatest growth. Trends in documentary film included "artistic documentaries," in which actors and non-actors
1834:, is a studio that produces main melody cinema. Main melody films, which often depict past military engagements or are biopics of first-generation CCP leaders, have won several Best Picture prizes at the Golden Rooster Awards. Some of the more famous main melody dramas include the ten-hour epic
1264:
The release of filmed versions of the revolutionary model operas resulted in a re-organization and expansion of China's film exhibition network. From 1965 to 1976, the number of film projection units in China quadrupled, total film audiences nearly tripled, and the national film attendance rate
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In the decade following 2010, owing to the influx of Hollywood films (though the number screened each year is curtailed), Chinese domestic cinema faces mounting challenges. The industry is growing and domestic films are starting to achieve the box office impact of major Hollywood blockbusters.
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focuses on the action and romance genres. Enlight usually places several films in China's top 20 grossers. Enlight is also a major player in China's TV series production and distribution businesses. Under the leadership of its CEO Wang Changtian, the publicly traded, Beijing-based company has
946:
In 1950, 1,800 projectionists from around the country traveled to Nanjing for a training program. These projectionists replicated the training program in their own home provinces to create more projectionists. Nanjing was later termed a "Cradle of People's Cinema." The PRC sought to recruit
2885:
With China's liberalization in the late 1970s and its opening up to foreign markets, commercial considerations have made its impact in post-1980s filmmaking. Traditionally arthouse movies screened seldom make enough to break even. An example is Fifth Generation director Tian Zhuangzhuang's
1177:(1964), exemplify China's increased expertise in filmmaking. Films made during this period are polished, exhibiting high production value and elaborate sets. While Beijing and Shanghai remained the main centers of production, between 1957 and 1960 the government built regional studios in
1977:. While many Fifth Generation filmmakers have become darlings of mainstream Chinese culture, Sixth Generation filmmakers have often experienced harsh treatment by the state's censorship and regulatory system, despite their success at international film festivals and arthouse markets.
1866:(2017) was commissioned by the government to celebrate the 90th anniversary of the People's Liberation Army, and is the third instalment in The Founding of a Republic series. The film featured many young Chinese pop singers that are already well-established in the industry, including
3839:
Huayi Brothers is China's most powerful independent (i.e., non state-owned) entertainment company, Beijing-based Huayi Brothers is a diversified company engaged in film and TV production, distribution, theatrical exhibition, as well as talent management. Notable films include 2004's
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In the years immediately following the Cultural Revolution, the film industry again flourished as a medium of popular entertainment. Production rose steadily, from 19 features in 1977 to 125 in 1986. Domestically produced films played to large audiences, and tickets for foreign
1586:
Beginning in the mid-late 1980s, the rise of the so-called fifth generation of Chinese filmmakers brought increased popularity of Chinese cinema abroad. Most of the filmmakers who made up the Fifth Generation had graduated from the Beijing Film Academy in 1982 and included
622:("New China") closed shop. A large number filmmakers left to join the War of Resistance, with many going to the Nationalist-controlled hinterlands to join the Nationalist film studios Central Motion Picture Studio or China Motion Picture Studio. A smaller number went to
1228:, mobile film projectionist units showed films and slideshows that emphasized class struggle and encouraged audience members to discuss bitter experiences onstage. New films termed "emphasis films" were released to coincide with the campaign, and the film version of
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not seen a film until mobile projectionists brought them. Mobile projection teams during the Mao era typically included three to four workers who physically transported film infrastructure through a large geographic area mostly not covered by any electrical grid.
1906:
policies after the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre produced an edgy underground film movement loosely referred to as the Sixth Generation. Owing to the lack of state funding and backing, these films were shot quickly and cheaply, using materials like
2737:
In the 1990s, digital production methods replaced manual hand-drawing methods; however, even with the use of advanced technology, none of the animated works were considered to be a breakthrough film. Animated films that tried to cater to all age groups, such as
884:
The private studios in Shanghai, including Kunming, Wenhua, Guotai, and Datong, were at first encouraged to make new films. They made approximately 47 films during the next two years but soon ran into trouble, owing to the furor over the Kunlun-produced drama
1808:), inspired by Hollywood's strides in musical dramas. In 1987, the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television issued a statement encouraging the making of movies which emphasizes the main melody to "invigorate national spirit and national pride". The expression
3408:
year) with more than 60% of ticket sales being made online. Average ticket price was down about 2.5% to $ 5.36 in 2015. It also witnessed 51.08% increase in admissions, with 1.26 billion people buying tickets to the cinema in 2015. Chinese films grossed
966:
In the 1950s and the 1960s, the Communist Party built cinemas (among other cultural buildings) in industrial districts on urban peripheries. These structures were influenced by Soviet architecture and were intended to be vivacious but not "palatial."
2048:(2003) for example, is an account of two murderous con-men in the unregulated and notoriously dangerous mining industry of northern China. (Li refused the tag of Sixth Generation, although admitted he was not Fifth Generation). While Jia Zhangke's
1825:
Main melody dramas are often subsidized by the state and have free access to government and military personnel. The Chinese government spends between "one and two million RMBs" annually to support the production of films in the main melody genre.
1938:(1993) was made for US$ 10,000). The title and subjects of many of these films reflect the Sixth Generation's concerns. The Sixth Generation takes an interest in marginalized individuals and the less represented fringes of society. For example,
1786:
The Fifth Generation movement ended in part after the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, although its major directors continued to produce notable works. Several of its filmmakers went into self-imposed exile: Wu Tianming moved to the
3128:
Since the late 1980s and progressively in the 2000s, Chinese films have enjoyed considerable box office success abroad. Formerly viewed only by cineastes, its global appeal mounted after the international box office and critical success of
942:
and when Yuan became Film Bureau chief in 1949, he applied its model to help institute a film exhibition network around the country. The Northeast Film Studio also trained the first generation of communist Chinese documentary filmmakers.
1325:'s role in Antonioni's invitation to China as not only a failure but also treasonous. Since its 2004 release in China, the film has been well-regarded by Chinese audiences, especially for its beautiful depictions of a more simple time.
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The Fourth Generation also returned to prominence. Given their label after the rise of the Fifth Generation, these were directors whose careers were stalled by the Cultural Revolution and who were professionally trained prior to 1966.
962:
Work as a mobile projectionist was physically and technically demanding. As a result, women projectionists and all-women mobile projection teams were promoted in Chinese media as examples of advancing gender equality under socialism.
937:
was important in developing the Communist government's theories and practices of rural film exhibition. Yuan and Chen Bo'er transformed the post-Second Sino-Japanese War remnants of the Manchurian Motion Picture Association into the
2836:
in 2015, a computer-animated film, that Chinese animated works took back the rein. The film was a huge hit and broke the record for Chinese domestic animated movies with CN¥956 million at China's box office. After the success of
1803:
During a period when socialist dramas were beginning to lose viewership, the Chinese government began to involve itself deeper into the world of popular culture and cinema by creating the official genre of the "main melody" (主旋律
781:, was a particularly strong success. Its depiction of the struggles of ordinary Chinese during the Second Sino-Japanese war, replete with biting social and political commentary, struck a chord with audiences of the time.
1472:
In the late 1980s the film industry fell on hard times, faced with the dual problems of competition from other forms of entertainment and concern on the part of the authorities that many of the popular thriller and
732:
The film industry continued to develop after 1945. Production in Shanghai once again resumed as a new crop of studios took the place that Lianhua and Mingxing studios had occupied in the previous decade. In 1945,
421:
News films increased in importance following the Japanese air raid on Shanghai in 1932. The bombing also destroyed significant amounts of the Chinese film industry and resulted in the loss of many early films.
2728:
and other impressive animated movies were released. However, at this time, China still favored the Japanese's more unique, American and European-influenced animated works over the less-advanced domestic ones.
1107:) and in the early 1960s led to more indigenous Chinese films being made, which were less reliant on their Soviet counterparts. During this campaign the sharpest criticisms came from the satirical comedies of
959:
in 1949 to 4.15 billion in 1959. By 1965 there were around 20,393 mobile film units. During the course of the Mao era, the majority of films were shown by such units, with only a minority watched in theaters.
330:
Upscale movie theaters in China had and contracts which required them to exclusively show Hollywood films, and thus as of the later 1920s, Hollywood films accounted for 90% of screen time in Chinese theaters.
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During this golden era, Chinese animation had developed a variety of styles, including ink animation, shadow play animation, puppet animation, and so on. Some of the most representative works are 《大闹天宫》
1980:
As the Sixth Generation gained international exposure, many subsequent movies were joint ventures and projects with international backers, but remained quite resolutely low-key and low budget. Jia's
859:
At the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, there were fewer than 600 movie theaters in the country. The government saw motion pictures as an important artform and tool for mass
501:("United China"), the older and larger Mingxing and Tianyi. Both Mingxing and Lianhua leaned left (Lianhua's management perhaps more so), while Tianyi continued to make less socially conscious fare.
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482:(1934). These films were noted for their emphasis on class struggle and external threats (i.e. Japanese aggression), as well as on their focus on common people, such as a family of silk farmers in
660:
During the 1930 and 1940s, both the Chinese Nationalist government and the Japanese occupation authorities sent mobile projectionist units into areas under their control to show propaganda films.
360:
and the Shaw brothers' Tianyi ("Unique"). Mingxing, founded by Zheng Zhengqiu and Zhang Shichuan in 1922, initially focused on comic shorts, including the oldest surviving complete Chinese film,
12877:
2465:
702:
was its party secretary. Northeastern Film Studio began production in early 1947, focusing on news and documentary films, as well as some fiction, educational film for children, and animation.
5877:近四年来城乡观众人次超过 1 亿的影片有:《喜盈门》 6 亿 5 千万,《武当》 6 亿 1 千万,《少林弟子》 5 亿 2 千万,《武林志》 5 亿,《从奴隶到将军》 4 亿 7 千万,《西安事变》 4 亿 5 千万,《吉鸿昌》 3 亿 8 千万,《开枪,为他送行》 3 亿 3 千万,《杜十娘》 2 亿 6 千万,《佩剑将军》 2 亿 6 千万,《火烧圆明园》 2 亿 4 千万
3820:
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economy. Feng has become one of the most successful commercial director in the post-1997 era. Almost all his films made high returns domestically while he used ethnic Chinese co-stars like
1385:, this period represented the peak ticket sales in the history of the Chinese box office. High ticket sales were driven by low ticket prices, with a cinema ticket typically costing between
1189:
to encourage representation of ethnic minorities in films. Chinese cinema began to directly address the issue of such ethnic minorities during the late 1950s and early 1960s in films like
11537:
741:, which would go on to become one of the most important studios of the era (Kunlun Studios merged with seven other studios to form Shanghai film studio in 1949), putting out the classics
2218:, a record number of Chinese films were submitted this year but only Jia's romantic drama was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or. Meanwhile, Zhang will make his debut at Cannes with
1735:, 1991), but they share a common rejection of the socialist-realist tradition worked by earlier Chinese filmmakers in the Communist era. Other notable Fifth Generation directors include
368:
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374:
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1317:, particularly the concept that there is no such thing as art-for-art's-sake, party leadership construed Antonioni's aesthetic choices as politically motivated and banned the film.
1113:
675:, which sought to develop relationships between the communist army and local people in the Yan'an area by showcasing the army's production campaign to alleviate material shortages.
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was another international box office success. Its cast featured famous actors from mainland China and Hong Kong who were also known to some extent in the West, including Jet Li,
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The New Documentary Movement in recent times has overlapped with the dGeneration filmmaking, with most documentaries being shot cheaply and independently in the digital format.
3828:
1924:
dissatisfaction with China's contemporary social marketing economic tensions and comprehensive cultural background. Many were made with an extremely low budget (an example is
800:
765:
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Two decades of reform and commercialization have brought dramatic social changes in mainland China, reflected not only in fiction film but in a growing documentary movement.
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1418:
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2617:(2010) were all shot in digital format. All had made their impact in the international documentary scene and the use of digital format allows for works of vaster lengths.
352:(Mingxing) production later filmed 18 sequels, marking the beginning of China's esteemed martial arts films. Many imitators followed, including U. Lien (Youlian) Studio's
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2546:(1997) relates the story of four young women, who moving from rural areas to the big cities like millions of other men and women, have come to Beijing to make a living.
1009:
2902:(2010) was a similar commercial failure. Prior to these, there were examples of successful commercial films in the post-liberalization period. One was the romance film
3087:, published on 8 June 2012, such genres especially the space science films have risen rapidly in the Chinese film market in recent years. On 5 February 2019, the film
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1409:
4859:
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horse thief. The film, showcasing exotic landscapes, was well received by Chinese and some Western arthouse audiences, but did poorly at the box office. Tian's later
1400:
By the early 1980s, there were 162,000 projection units in China, primarily composed of mobile movie teams which showed films outdoors in both rural and urban areas.
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in the 1920s, thus inaugurating the history of Chinese animation. (Chen Yuanyuan 175) Many live-action films of the Republican era also included animated sequences.
2518:
323:) released in 1921, which was a docudrama about the killing of a Shanghai courtesan, although it was too crude a film to ever be considered commercially successful.
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overseas in 2015. During the week of the 2016 Chinese New Year, the country set a new record for the highest box office gross during one week in one territory with
1013:(铁道游击队), dated 1956, the Chinese Communist Party was depicted as the primary resistance force against the Second Sino-Japanese War. Chinese filmmakers were sent to
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to the newly formed Ministry of Radio, Cinema, and Television to bring it under "stricter control and management" and to "strengthen supervision over production."
1286:
Feature film production came almost to a standstill in the early years from 1967 to 1972. Movie production revived after 1972 under the strict jurisdiction of the
901:, the film was banned, the Film Steering Committee was formed to "re-educate" the film industry, and the private studios were all incorporated into the state-run
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2542:
1239:. To promote campaign themes denouncing U.S. imperialism and promoted Vietnamese resistance, the communist party used film exhibitions and other cultural media.
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and the world, marks the movement of Chinese-language cinema into a domain of large scale international influence. Other examples of films in this mold include
2317:(2005), about a quiet, ordinary Chinese family with three very different siblings in the post-Cultural Revolution era, took home the Silver Bear prize for 2005
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of rural workers, encouraging the industrialization and militarization of their labor. Film projection teams operating in rural China were asked to incorporate
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5837:[Looking back at Chinese movies over 20 years, from 500 million people watching "Shaolin Temple" to the box office breaking 100 million in one day].
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During the Cultural Revolution, the film industry was severely restricted. Almost all previous films were banned, and only a few new ones were produced, the
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3276:) actors and actresses; the film was co-produced by an array of Chinese, American, Hong Kong, and Taiwan film companies. Likewise, Lee's Chinese-language
1915:
and mostly non-professional actors and actresses, producing a documentary feel, often with long takes, hand-held cameras, and ambient sound; more akin to
11577:
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Emilie Yueh-yu Yeh and Darrell William Davis. 2008. "Re-nationalizing China's film industry: case study on the China Film Group and film marketization."
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established diplomatic relations, cultural exchanges between the two countries gradually resumed, including British moves being made available in China.
1034:(1950), directed by Shi Hu, which follows an old beggar reflecting on his past life as a policeman working for the various regimes since 1911. The first
790:
214:. In 2012 the country became the second-largest market in the world by box office receipts. In 2016, the gross box office in China was CN¥45.71 billion (
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Seio Nakajima. 2016. "The genesis, structure and transformation of the contemporary Chinese cinematic field: Global linkages and national refractions."
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2441:, made by Liu when she was a film student, frames herself and her parents in their claustrophobic Beijing apartment in a narrative praised by critics.
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1.87 billion outside China. By December 2013 there were 17,000 screens in the country. By 6 January 2014, there were 18,195 screens in the country.
877:
depicted re-enactments of four of the communist party's major military victories and was filmed using real ammunition with the participation of the
709:, filmmakers trained in Yan'an and Northeastern Film Studio documented all the major battles leading to the communists' defeat of the Nationalists.
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returned to Shanghai to revive the Lianhua name as the "Lianhua Film Society with Shi Dongshan, Meng Junmou, and Zheng Junli." This in turn became
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In 2010, Chinese cinema was the third largest film industry by number of feature films produced annually. In 2013, China's gross box office was
448:
The first truly important Chinese films were produced beginning in the 1930s with the advent of the "progressive" or "left-wing" movement, like
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2568:
1127:, and Lü was banned from directing for life. Other noteworthy films produced during this period were adaptations of literary classics, such as
2853:. Though none of these movies made headway in regards to the box office, they did make filmmakers more and more interested in animated works.
2016:
region, sharply contrasts with the works of Fifth Generation Chinese directors like Zhang Yimou and Chen Kaige who were at the time producing
290:. For the next decade the production companies were mainly foreign-owned, and the domestic film industry was centered on Shanghai, a thriving
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and they soon jettisoned traditional methods of storytelling and opted for a more free and unorthodox symbolic approach. After the so-called
356:(1929), which is still extant. It was during this period that some of the more important production companies first came into being, notably
2746:, did not attract much attention. The only animated works that seemed to achieve popularity were the ones for catered for children, such as
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Rural mobile projectionist teams and urban movie theaters were generally managed through the PRC's cultural bureaucracy. Trade Unions and
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struggled for power and control over the major studios; their influence can be seen in the films the studios produced during this period.
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Yu, Hongmei (2013). "Visual Spectacular, Revolutionary Epic, and Personal Voice: The Narration of History in Chinese Main Melody Films".
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Wang, Qian (23 September 2013). "Red songs and the main melody: cultural nationalism and political propaganda in Chinese popular music".
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sold quickly. The industry tried to revive crowds by making more innovative and "exploratory" films like their counterparts in the West.
8646:
6860:
Chen, Yuanyuan. "Old Or New Art? Rethinking Classical Chinese Animation." Journal of Chinese Cinemas, vol. 11, no. 2, 2017, pp. 175-188.
6488:
3244:
make it difficult to demarcate the boundary between "Mainland Chinese" cinema and a more international-based "Chinese-language cinema".
1888:
When faced with the complexity of real society, their hands and feet quiver, and they deliriously shoot a bunch of childish fairy tales
11233:
3946:
3783:(2.26%), United Exhibitor Partners (2%), Heng Ye Film Distribution (1.77%) and Beijing Anshi Yingna Entertainment (1.52%). The biggest
10612:
8686:
6514:
1128:
8105:
7295:
4867:
4669:
11572:
11557:
11457:
11314:
11272:
2337:
12816:
7702:
7388:
7361:
7262:
4694:
3936:
3385:
1767:, in particular, made outstanding contributions by helping to finance major Fifth Generation directors under the auspices of the
1404:
1257:
1167:
9421:
5009:
977:
In 1950s China, a common view of film was that it served as "socialist distance horizon education". For example, films promoted
12327:
11478:
10806:
10543:
9401:
9178:
8885:
8079:
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were domestic productions. As of 2014, around half of all tickets are sold online, with the largest ticket selling sites being
1382:
648:
8656:
4390:
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can be seen as the "Chinese Hollywood", with a total area of up to 330 ha. and 13 shooting bases, including a 1:1 copy of the
1269:
drastically reduced ticket prices which, in its view, would allow film to better serve the needs of workers and of socialism.
315:. Zhang Shichuan then set up the first Chinese-owned film production company in 1916. The first full-length feature film was
12179:
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10629:
10607:
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8407:
8336:
8313:
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7181:
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5395:
5334:
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12541:
11814:
11547:
11044:
10116:
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3282:(2007) drew a crew and cast from mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and includes an orchestral score by French composer
2215:
1638:
The most famous of the Fifth Generation directors, Chen Kaige and Zhang Yimou, went on to produce celebrated works such as
1754:
These films came with a creative genres of stories, new style of shooting as well, directors utilized extensive color and
378:(1926) proved a typical example of their success in the Chinese communities of Southeast Asia. In 1931, the first Chinese
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10913:
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8822:
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2189:
1674:. It was during this period that Chinese cinema began reaping the rewards of international attention, including the 1988
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Chinese-made short melodrama and comedy films began emerging in 1913. In 1913, the first independent Chinese screenplay,
225:
and encouraging the promotion of "socialist core values", approved by the National People's Congress Standing Committee.
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4208:
12791:
11442:
11277:
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9893:
8953:
8948:
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and Seio Nakajima, "The Evolution of Chinese Film as an Industry," pp. 17–33 in Stanley Rosen and Ying Zhu, eds.,
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7776:
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7143:
7087:
5429:
2417:
2318:
2286:
2005:
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372:(1923). Meanwhile, Tianyi shifted their model towards folklore dramas and also pushed into foreign markets; their film
8546:
Semsel, George, Chen Xihe, and Xia Hong, eds. Film in Contemporary China: Critical Debates, 1979–1989", Praeger, 1993.
7505:
7115:
5372:
Braester, Yumi. "The Purloined Lantern: Maoist Semiotics and Public Discourse in Early PRC Film and Drama", p 111, in
4571:
11287:
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11228:
11084:
11079:
10876:
8908:
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8639:- a website hosted at the University of British Columbia with over 30 early Chinese films with English subtitles, an
8623:
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5727:
5644:
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5585:
5437:
5207:
4471:
4313:
3229:
2813:
2673:
2485:, the documentary ends with four of the artists moving abroad after the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre.
1373:
per person. Chinese cinema continued to prosper into the early 1980s. In 1980, annual box office admissions stood at
8169:
6955:
6004:
5259:
Li, Jie (2022). "Mobile Projectionists and the Things They Carried". In Altehenger, Jennifer; Ho, Denise Y. (eds.).
2795:
2362:, who has directed several critically acclaimed movies while following on his acting career. His directorial debut,
12836:
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12025:
11562:
11218:
10624:
10294:
8845:
8711:
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reached $ 699.8 million worldwide, which became the third highest-grossing film in the history of Chinese cinema.
833:
to find a new and admiring audience and to influence an entire new generation of filmmakers. Indeed, an acclaimed
686:. Man-ei had state-of-the-art film production equipment and supplies. The former colonial studio was relocated to
12245:
11993:
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11666:
11223:
10951:
10918:
10791:
10599:
8890:
8850:
8832:
8769:
8752:
4610:
8595:, "Art, Politics and Commerce in Chinese Cinema", co-edited with Stanley Rosen, Hong Kong University Press, 2010
8194:
1221:
reenacted events. Film venues also expanded rapidly, including both urban cinemas and mobile projection units.
12302:
11942:
8880:
8870:
8774:
8757:
5264:
3139:
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in May 1951, the feature was accused of spreading feudal ideas. After the article was revealed to be penned by
7983:
7897:
7780:
7650:
7590:
6822:
4189:
3420:
of 26 December 2015 to 1 January 2016 in the United States and Canada. Chinese films grossed CN¥3.83 billion (
3359:
In 1983, there were 162,000 projection units in China, up from less than 600 at the 1949 founding of the PRC.
1559:
for scar dramas waned by the 1990s when younger filmmakers began to confront negative aspects of the Mao era.
334:
After trial and error, China was able to draw inspiration from its own traditional values and began producing
11425:
11415:
11213:
11208:
9141:
9136:
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8855:
8840:
8807:
8764:
8721:
8679:
8424:
Hu, Lindan (2017). "Rescuing female desire from revolutionary history: Chinese women's cinema in the 1980s".
7819:
7459:
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6578:
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4018:
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and topped the U.S. box office for two weeks, making enough in the U.S. alone to cover the production costs.
2661:
2630:
2500:
2267:
1365:
Chinese cinema grew significantly in the late 1970s. In 1979, annual box office admissions reached a peak of
1161:
1030:
996:
191:
6774:
6601:
3427:
In 2020, China's market for films surpassed the U.S. market to become the largest such market in the world.
3384:(2012) became the first Chinese film to reach ¥1 billion at the box office. As of May 2013, 7 of the top 10
12425:
12420:
11832:
11145:
11091:
11059:
10886:
10078:
9995:
9965:
9919:
8865:
8812:
8737:
8706:
4921:
3182:
1700:
1658:
1499:), which depicted the emotional traumas left by this period. The best-known of these is probably Xie Jin's
1290:
until 1976, when they were overthrown. The few films that were produced during this period, such as 1975's
1225:
17:
7860:
6131:
Ma, Weijun (September 2014). "Chinese Main Melody TV Drama: Hollywoodization and Ideological Persuasion".
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1093:
were part of a genre of redemptive melodramas, which sought to encourage audiences to "speak bitterness".
265:
12626:
12332:
12210:
12195:
11802:
11759:
11695:
11678:
11552:
11074:
10821:
10584:
10314:
10038:
5490:
Ward, Julian. "The Remodelling of a National Cinema: Chinese Films of the Seventeen Years (1949–66)", in
5410:
Ward, Julian. "The Remodelling of a National Cinema: Chinese Films of the Seventeen Years (1949–66)", in
5308:
Ward, Julian. "The Remodelling of a National Cinema: Chinese Films of the Seventeen Years (1949–66)", in
3363:
1831:
1478:
1217:
1133:
971:
878:
743:
206:. China is the home of the largest movie and drama production complex and film studios in the world, the
7564:
2294:
1062:, also were very popular for entertaining and educating children. The most famous of these, the classic
223:
a film law banning content deemed harmful to the "dignity, honor and interests" of the People's Republic
11847:
11727:
11483:
11437:
11420:
11403:
11150:
11114:
10961:
10536:
10474:
10083:
10000:
9924:
9171:
8742:
7338:
7064:
6779:
5774:
5692:
4986:
4903:
4820:
2922:
2904:
2603:
2506:
2322:
2163:). One director of their generation who does not share most of the concerns of the Sixth Generation is
1852:
1547:
952:
834:
683:
8589:, "Chinese Cinema during the Era of Reform: the Ingenuity of the System", Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003.
2031:
Many Sixth Generation films have highlighted the negative attributes of China's entry into the modern
682:
helped the Chinese communists to take over the Japanese colonial film establishment in Manchuria, the
12736:
12450:
12042:
11866:
11747:
11700:
11644:
11109:
11054:
10781:
10667:
10594:
10459:
10238:
10151:
9725:
8802:
8615:
8368:
7625:
5952:
4463:
4305:
3971:
3921:
3916:
3894:
3200:
2832:
2665:, which was the first Chinese animated feature film and the fourth, after the American feature films
2524:
2443:
2293:
Recent cinema has seen Chinese cinematographers direct some acclaimed films. Other than Zhang Yimou,
2169:
2159:
1725:
1266:
1248:
848:
567:
543:
440:
207:
6548:
6435:
5813:[In recent years, the opera film "Legend of the White Snake" has the largest audience, reaching
2193:
bringing Chinese movies to the international big screen. Chinese director Jia Zhangke's latest film
12936:
12558:
12534:
12408:
12037:
11983:
11908:
11584:
11519:
11361:
11344:
11322:
11155:
11130:
11069:
10971:
10724:
10639:
8672:
6983:
6895:
6691:"From D-Buffs to the D-Generation: Piracy, Cinema, and an Alternative Public Sphere in Urban China"
5577:
3899:
3808:
3378:
3.6 billion), the second-largest film market in the world by box office receipts. In January 2013,
3316:
2963:
2948:
2909:
2898:
2776:
2369:
2103:
1827:
1712:, who became the Fifth Generation's most recognizable star, especially to international audiences.
1104:
611:
579:
10741:
6643:
6321:
3392:(82 million), Gewara.com (45 million) and Wepiao.com (28 million). In 2014, Chinese films earned
2872:, Chinese animation has now come to be known as a veritable source of entertainment for all ages.
2447:, considered one of the greatest film debuts in Chinese cinema, is also the only film by the late
629:
The Shanghai film industry, though severely curtailed, did not stop however, thus leading to the "
12458:
12240:
11956:
11842:
11837:
11742:
11717:
11661:
11495:
11447:
11282:
11203:
11198:
11140:
11064:
11049:
10908:
10689:
10331:
8536:
Semsel, George, ed. "Chinese Film: The State of the Art in the People's Republic", Praeger, 1987.
3298:
3292:
3206:
3066:
2780:
2239:
2091:
2024:
2018:
1964:
1862:
1731:
1292:
588:
464:
454:
282:
10863:
7234:
6751:
5574:
People's Diplomacy: How Americans and Chinese Transformed US-China Relations during the Cold War
5035:
4795:
4708:
2477:, made between 1988 and 1990, contains interviews with five young artists eking out a living in
1515:(1993). In the 1980s, open criticism of certain past Communist Party policies was encouraged by
385:
was made, the product of a cooperation between the Mingxing Film Company's image production and
12941:
12786:
12751:
12706:
12413:
12220:
12054:
12010:
11988:
11685:
11135:
11039:
10846:
10589:
10408:
9878:
9778:
9750:
9692:
9447:
9340:
8784:
7988:
7655:
7595:
7541:
7120:
7031:
6803:
5890:
5167:
4491:
4190:"Wanda Unveils Plans for $ 8 Billion 'Movie Metropolis,' Reveals Details About Film Incentives"
3911:
3211:
3083:
3030:
2378:
2364:
2175:
2028:(2005). It featured no star of international renown and was acted mostly by non-professionals.
1992:
1520:
1300:
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843:
820:
573:
211:
7930:
6412:
6351:
5919:
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671:
established its first film group. In 1943, the communists released their first campaign film,
12676:
12671:
12566:
12403:
12398:
12353:
12289:
12200:
11903:
11852:
11790:
11512:
11349:
11337:
11327:
11096:
10729:
10529:
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10426:
10319:
10264:
10243:
10226:
10141:
9758:
9568:
9553:
9503:
9498:
9294:
9164:
8963:
8900:
8530:
5686:
5182:
3926:
3851:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2331:, 2004) and TV series. There are actors who straddle the dual roles of acting and directing.
2080:
1997:
1939:
1652:
1528:
1524:
1477:
films were socially unacceptable. In January 1986 the film industry was transferred from the
1403:
A number of films during this period drew box office admissions in the hundreds of millions.
1333:
1309:. When it was released in 1974, Communist Party leadership in China interpreted the film as
1303:
to China to film the achievements of the Cultural Revolution. Antonioni made the documentary
1119:
1085:
939:
922:
917:
691:
561:
357:
6795:
5426:
Arise, Africa! Roar, China! Black and Chinese Citizens of the World in the Twentieth Century
1920:
1611:
and others. These graduates constituted the first group of filmmakers to graduate since the
276:
on 11 August 1896 as an "act" on a variety bill. The first Chinese film, a recording of the
12796:
12771:
12686:
12666:
12586:
12576:
12129:
12077:
11937:
11732:
11707:
11634:
11629:
11464:
11356:
11332:
11190:
10672:
10284:
10233:
10166:
10146:
9806:
9783:
9773:
9768:
9763:
9563:
9533:
9345:
9279:
6690:
6375:
6062:
5049:
4103:
3800:
3744:
3375:
3304:
3113:
at the Skip City International D-Cinema Festival in Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan, 22 July 2005
2843:
2573:
2564:
2495:
2227:
2127:
2109:
2063:
1982:
1934:
1842:
1640:
1283:
were a major subset of China's rural projectionists during the Cultural Revolution period.
1025:
1007:
were produced, sponsored mostly as Communist propaganda by the government. For example, in
902:
806:
653:
498:
303:
8561:
7734:"Domestic films' share of box office in Australia and selected other countries, 2000–2009"
6870:
6296:
The Cinema of Feng Xiaogang: Commercialization and Censorship in Chinese Cinema after 1989
6175:
The Cinema of Feng Xiaogang: Commercialization and Censorship in Chinese Cinema after 1989
5924:
The Compendium of (Not Quite) Everything: All the Facts You Didn't Know You Wanted to Know
5688:
The Cinema of Feng Xiaogang: Commercialization and Censorship in Chinese Cinema after 1989
5374:
Witness Against History: Literature, Film, and Public Discourse in Twentieth-Century China
5351:
3367:
films in an effort to oppose what the government viewed as separatism and Westernization.
1670:'s films, though less well known by Western viewers, were well noted by directors such as
1117:
exposes the hierarchical relationships occurring between the cadres, while his next film,
257:
were introduced to China in 1896. They were introduced through foreign film exhibitors in
8:
12882:
12856:
12761:
12756:
12636:
12527:
12430:
12275:
12169:
12164:
12134:
12092:
12015:
11978:
11898:
11883:
11712:
11673:
11380:
10994:
10898:
10649:
10416:
10394:
10339:
10063:
9868:
9793:
9730:
9710:
9682:
9638:
9483:
9284:
7305:
7173:
6929:
6005:"The Irresistible Rise of Asian Cinema-Tian Zhuangzhuang: A Director of the 21st Century"
5104:
5013:
4770:
4661:
3286:. This merging of people, resources and expertise from the three regions and the broader
3194:
3166:
3089:
3036:
2384:
2313:
2233:
2153:
2143:
2133:
2061:
Some of the more prolific Sixth Generation directors to have emerged are Wang Xiaoshuai (
1690:
1675:
1612:
1461:
1191:
1028:
was established in 1950 and officially opened in 1956. One important film of this era is
1000:
985:
978:
860:
785:
619:
521:
The period also produced the first big Chinese movie stars, such as Hu Die, Ruan Lingyu,
238:
222:
199:
7984:"China Box Office: Jackie Chan's 'Police Story 2013' Tops Chart Dominated by Local Fare"
5893:[Woo Yusen talks to Gao Xiaosong: "The last movie will be made for Tsui Hark"].
3400:
has around 251 IMAX theaters. There were 299 cinema chains (252 rural, 47 urban), 5,813
393:, which was then played in the theater in-sync with the action on the screen. The first
366:(1922). This soon shifted, however, to feature-length films and family dramas including
12776:
12731:
12711:
12701:
12601:
12317:
12312:
12297:
12149:
12117:
12112:
12005:
11927:
11915:
11824:
11490:
11410:
11398:
11366:
11021:
11016:
10934:
10634:
10384:
10369:
10359:
10173:
10156:
10088:
10007:
9960:
9735:
9720:
9705:
9670:
9525:
9510:
9437:
9396:
9319:
9304:
9269:
9259:
8458:, Southern Illinois University Press 2002 - introduction, discusses 15 films at length.
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8016:
7925:
7436:
7393:
7333:
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7059:
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4596:, edited by Geoffrey Nowell-Smith (1997). Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 409–410.
4141:
3796:
3776:
3020:
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2857:
2848:
2626:
2411:
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2210:
in 2008. In 2014, he was a member of the official jury and the following year his film
2039:
1916:
1819:
1680:
1430:
1328:
Because China rejection most foreign film importation, comparatively minor cinema like
911:
887:
755:
615:
494:
320:
8365:
Primitive Passions: Visuality, Sexuality, Ethnography, and Contemporary Chinese Cinema
7706:
7365:
7272:
4755:
4686:
12911:
12801:
12716:
12696:
12581:
12571:
12376:
12368:
12082:
11949:
11920:
11878:
11807:
11764:
11722:
11589:
11529:
11301:
11238:
11100:
10881:
10851:
10677:
10389:
10378:
10364:
10344:
10304:
10221:
10211:
10206:
10188:
10121:
10111:
10053:
10048:
10043:
10033:
10028:
10012:
9985:
9975:
9970:
9955:
9858:
9821:
9811:
9801:
9740:
9470:
9442:
9370:
9365:
9355:
9289:
9264:
9243:
9238:
9223:
8619:
8498:
8488:
8447:
8403:
8332:
8325:
8309:
8124:
7629:
7510:
7453:
7410:
7177:
6796:
6609:
6467:
6311:(2011), edited by Song Hwee Lim and Julian Ward, BFI: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 181–182.
6256:
6202:
6192:
6160:
6148:
6111:
6086:
6039:
5972:
5964:
5931:
5778:
5731:
5696:
5665:
5640:
5605:
5581:
5534:
5509:
5494:, edited by Song Hwee Lim and Julian Ward (2011). BFI: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 92–93.
5458:
5433:
5391:
5330:
5268:
4735:
4641:
4497:
4467:
4351:
4341:
4309:
3889:
3874:
3869:
3788:
3283:
3169:. Despite criticisms by some that these two films pander somewhat to Western tastes,
2867:
2273:
1779:
1740:
1667:
1592:
1506:
1337:
1329:
1173:
1047:
1021:
893:
891:(1950), directed by Sun Yu and starring veteran Zhao Dan. In an anonymous article in
838:
706:
668:
469:
386:
362:
195:
59:
7201:
5132:, edited by Song Hwee Lim and Julian Ward (2011). BFI: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 80–81.
5128:
Pickowicz, Paul G. "Chinese Film-making on the Eve of the Communist Revolution", in
4517:
2962:-screened film) which demonstrated the viability of the commercial model in China's
2716:
After Deng Xiaoping's Reform Period and the "opening up" of China, the movies《葫芦兄弟》
1235:
In 1965, China launched the Resist America, Aid Vietnam campaign in response to the
264:
China was one of the earliest countries to be exposed to the medium of film, due to
233:
12846:
12781:
12746:
12681:
12661:
12651:
12611:
12591:
12494:
12487:
12386:
12381:
12307:
12235:
12154:
12069:
12059:
12030:
11966:
11961:
11795:
11769:
11754:
11639:
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11507:
10956:
10946:
10786:
10579:
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10556:
10349:
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10277:
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10216:
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10136:
10126:
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9914:
9888:
9853:
9848:
9836:
9816:
9628:
9613:
9538:
9515:
9391:
9314:
9309:
9208:
8480:
8435:
8390:
Cinema and Desire: Feminist Marxism and Cultural Politics in the Work of Dai Jinhua
7856:
7815:
7737:
6229:
6140:
4967:
3764:
3756:
3740:
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3322:
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2115:
2085:
2050:
1944:
1708:
nominations from the Academy Awards. All these award-winning films starred actress
1274:
1197:
1059:
1043:
769:(1949). Many of these films showed the disillusionment with the oppressive rule of
749:
664:
410:
203:
90:
80:
8521:
8439:
5557:, edited by Geoffrey Nowell-Smith (1997). Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 696.
5481:, edited by Geoffrey Nowell-Smith (1997). Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 695.
5296:, edited by Geoffrey Nowell-Smith (1997). Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 694.
5081:
4939:
4372:, edited by Geoffrey Nowell-Smith (1997). Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 409.
1902:
The post-1990 era has been labeled the "return of the amateur filmmaker" as state
12806:
12766:
12741:
12721:
12656:
12631:
12621:
12102:
12020:
11971:
11932:
11596:
11178:
10984:
10871:
10431:
10354:
10299:
10178:
10131:
10093:
9898:
9883:
9873:
9700:
9665:
9643:
9598:
9583:
9578:
9558:
9548:
9543:
9493:
9488:
9416:
9360:
9350:
9335:
9299:
9274:
9233:
9228:
9198:
7617:
7229:
6902:
6461:
6285:(2011), edited by Song Hwee Lim and Julian Ward, BFI: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 181.
5862:
5798:
5756:
viewers watched films every day, creating history at the box office in China]
5717:
5414:, edited by Song Hwee Lim and Julian Ward (2011). BFI: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 90.
5312:, edited by Song Hwee Lim and Julian Ward (2011). BFI: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 88.
4545:
4302:
Cinematic Guerillas: Propaganda, Projectionists, and Audiences in Socialist China
3768:
3752:
3105:
3014:
2888:
2351:
2075:
2069:
1773:
1671:
1662:(1993), which were not only acclaimed by Chinese cinema-goers but by the Western
1631:(1984) in particular were taken to mark the beginnings of the Fifth Generation.
1616:
1490:
1314:
1305:
1280:
1064:
770:
418:(1937), starring Zhou Xuan, became one of the most popular film genres in China.
254:
243:
10504:
8473:
Building a New China in Cinema: The Chinese Left-Wing Cinema Movement, 1932–1937
5993:
edited by Geoffrey Nowell-Smith (1997). Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 698.
3256:) who works often in Hollywood. Its pan-Chinese leads include mainland Chinese (
3148:
remains the most commercially successful foreign-language film in U.S. history.
1715:
Diverse in style and subject, the Fifth Generation directors' films ranged from
955:
projectionists in an effort to more effectively reach marginalized communities.
921:(1950). One of the production bases in the middle of all the transition was the
12726:
12691:
12646:
12641:
12550:
12503:
12435:
12358:
12205:
12159:
12144:
12139:
12122:
12107:
11893:
11248:
11243:
11173:
10759:
10464:
10454:
10421:
10374:
10289:
10183:
9863:
9831:
9826:
9715:
9633:
9623:
9608:
9593:
9461:
9406:
9375:
6356:
5724:
An Industry Perspective of China's Film and Television Investment and Financing
4889:
3864:
3824:
3780:
3215:
3121:
2931:
2827:
Chinese animated works is left in the shadows of these animated foreign films.
2653:
2555:
2245:
2121:
2035:
1987:
1929:
1055:
1051:
948:
312:
308:
269:
187:
2250:
which have premiered at festivals such as Cannes and received acclaim abroad.
1635:
became one of the first Chinese art films to attract international attention.
1340:
screened during this period, many Chinese audience members were introduced to
12930:
12905:
12468:
12215:
12049:
11888:
11690:
11011:
10999:
10841:
10702:
9841:
9653:
9618:
7565:"China Box Office Ends Year With $ 6.77B; On Way To Overtaking U.S. In 2017?"
7027:"Feng Xiaogang Unveils Epic 'Remembering 1942' at the Shanghai Film Festival"
6960:
6613:
6260:
6206:
6152:
6144:
6008:
5976:
5968:
4355:
3748:
3401:
3397:
3278:
3273:
3162:
2987:
2971:
2967:
2943:
2421:(2006) are both representative of the generation trends of the feature film.
2401:
film system and are shown mostly on the international film festival circuit.
2327:
2055:
1912:
1788:
1720:
1695:
1621:
1600:
1516:
1511:
1501:
1495:
The end of the Cultural Revolution brought the release of "scar dramas" (傷痕剧
1444:
1359:
1209:
989:
869:
699:
394:
390:
183:
8502:
7537:"China Box Office Grows Astonishing 49 Percent in 2015, Hits $ 6.78 Billion"
6233:
2986:
However, not all domestic films are successful financially. In January 2010
2534:(2013), cemented his reputation as a leading documentarist of the movement.
12508:
12393:
12265:
12230:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10816:
10811:
10801:
10719:
10714:
10509:
9648:
9603:
9588:
9573:
9187:
8606:
6067:
4108:
3884:
3784:
3393:
3310:
3261:
3225:
3071:
3060:
2645:
2277:(1995) explore narratives set in the sparse terrain of West China near the
2262:
2013:
1748:
1716:
1627:
1533:
1519:
as a way to reveal the excesses of the Cultural Revolution and the earlier
1287:
1073:
1018:
815:
734:
721:
618:, ended this golden run in Chinese cinema. All production companies except
513:
478:
335:
277:
258:
8640:
6665:
6085:(Third ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. pp. 639–640.
5533:(Third ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. pp. 370–373.
5508:(Third ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. pp. 372–373.
5390:(Third ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. pp. 371–372.
5211:
3755:(US$ 542 million). The biggest distributors by market share in 2014 were:
2335:, a popular Chinese actress, has made six movies to date. Her second film
272:. The first recorded screening of a motion picture in China took place in
47:
12915:
12087:
11004:
10989:
10796:
10754:
10749:
10697:
10495:
10449:
9658:
8225:
7961:
7506:"Movie ticket sales jump 48% in China, but Hollywood has reason to worry"
7479:
6988:
5927:
5895:
5839:
5809:: 中国戏剧家协会福建分会 (Fujian Branch of China Dramatists Association): 11. 1985.
4023:
3879:
3772:
3760:
3188:
3117:
3110:
3025:
2841:, several other high-quality animated films were released, such as《大鱼海棠》
2460:
2304:
2278:
2044:
1925:
1894:
1857:
1764:
1744:
1685:
1604:
1588:
1571:
1538:
1474:
1457:
1341:
1310:
1236:
1069:
982:
778:
717:
549:
526:
459:
449:
435:
85:
8383:
Women Through the Lens: Gender and Nation in a Century of Chinese Cinema
7116:"China Box Office: 'Mermaid' Becomes Top-Grossing Film Ever With $ 400M"
6268:
4164:"Breathtaking Photos From Inside the China Studio Luring Hollywood East"
992:
into their work to introduce national policies and political campaigns.
218:). China has also become a major hub of business for Hollywood studios.
12260:
11168:
10979:
10707:
6347:
6035:
3834:
3389:
3331:
3265:
3257:
3158:
2649:
2422:
2402:
2332:
2308:
2223:
2138:
2032:
1974:
1967:
frowned upon by many state authorities, while Jia Zhangke's debut film
1952:
1908:
1903:
1871:
1596:
1322:
1318:
1039:
1035:
934:
926:
898:
695:
634:
584:
379:
179:
8080:"China Box Office Expands by $ 2 Billion to Hit $ 8.6 Billion in 2017"
6744:"Dancing with Myself,Drifting with My Camera: The Emotional Vagabonds"
5236:, ed. Yingjin Zhang (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999), p. 8.
3018:(1997) grossed ten times its budget of ¥3 million. Likewise, the 2006
12270:
12225:
11163:
11104:
9675:
8651:
8461:
5770:
The Uses of Literature: Life in the Socialist Chinese Literary System
5742:
1979 年中国大陆生产的影片只有 50 多部,但观众人次达到了 279 亿,平均每天有 7 千万人次的观众看电影,创造了中国电影票房史上
5664:(Third ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. p. 638.
5457:(Third ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. p. 373.
5329:(Third ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. p. 371.
4460:
Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China
3287:
3094:
2708:, which have also won lofty praise and numerous awards in the world.
2482:
2359:
2226:
is also a notable member of the sixth generation whose works include
1949:
1875:
1867:
1814:
1792:
1755:
1542:
1178:
773:'s Nationalist Party and the struggling oppression of nation by war.
623:
603:
555:
530:
8273:
8247:
5920:"Some films that probably sold more tickets than any Avengers movie"
3100:
2952:(1997) was heralded as a turning point in Chinese movie industry, a
2765:
1108:
873:(1951) were among the biggest film events in the PRC's early years.
12345:
12338:
11651:
8636:
8598:
8592:
8586:
8360:
6886:, Harry H. Kuoshu, Southern Illinois University Press (2002), p 202
3443:
3371:
3339:
3335:
3269:
3055:
2975:
2908:(1980), which was a success with older Chinese. The film broke the
2346:
2299:
2164:
1956:
1736:
1663:
1619:
in fiction had paved the way for frank discussion, Zhang Junzhao's
1608:
1580:
1386:
1182:
1142:
1004:
679:
534:
349:
295:
291:
273:
8664:
8583:(National Cinemas Series.), Routledge 2004 - general introduction.
8221:"Chinese Media Stocks Stage Major Rally in U.S. and Asian Markets"
5633:
Afterlives of Chinese Communism: Political Concepts from Mao to Xi
3028:, was made for just 3 million HKD/US$ 400,000. In 2009–11, Feng's
2437:(2010), blurring the line between documentary and narrative film.
2392:
had become the highest grossing domestic film in China's history.
1840:(大决战, 1991), directed by Cai Jiawei, Yang Guangyuan and Wei Lian;
1771:(which he took over in 1983), while continuing to make films like
12519:
10774:
10769:
10764:
10521:
7622:
China's World View: Demystifying China to Prevent Global Conflict
7293:
6854:
5320:
5318:
4019:"China Box Office Surges by Annual 83% in 2023 to $ 7.73 Billion"
3253:
3130:
2598:
2478:
2406:
2097:
1969:
1960:
1878:, so as to further the film's reputation as a main melody drama.
1847:
1709:
1552:
1186:
1156:
1152:
538:
522:
508:
497:
dominated the market in the early to mid-1930s: the newly formed
287:
8355:
National Identity in Global Cinema: How Movies Explain the World
8145:"China: box office revenue share by region of movie origin 2018"
7853:"Top 20 countries ranked by number of cinema screens, 2005–2010"
7777:"Table 11: Exhibition - Admissions & Gross Box Office (GBO)"
5600:
Zhang, Yingjin & Xiao, Zhiwei. "Breaking with Old Ideas" in
3739:
As of April 2015, the largest Chinese film company by worth was
1352:
12440:
9156:
8487:. Paris: Centre national d'art et de culture Georges Pompidou.
8103:
5806:
3327:
3249:
2979:
2917:
2856:
This all changed with the breakthrough animated film, 《哪吒之魔童降世》
2641:
2427:
2373:
2358:
The most highly regarded Chinese actor-director is undoubtedly
2148:
1646:
1296:, were highly regulated in terms of plot and characterization.
1252:
1138:
1014:
974:
propaganda departments also operated film exhibition networks.
825:
687:
408:
by Great China Studio and Jinan Studio. Musical films, such as
397:
248:
8456:
Celluloid China: Cinematic Encounters with Culture and Society
7591:"China Box Office Breaks World Record With $ 548M in One Week"
7172:. New Approaches to International History series. London, UK:
6884:
Celluloid China: cinematic encounters with culture and society
6032:
Reading Tolkien in Chinese: Religion, Fantasy, and Translation
5748:
produced in mainland China, but the number of viewers reached
5315:
1527:." For instance, the Best Picture prize in the inaugural 1981
1505:(1986), although they could be seen as late as the 1990s with
678:
Following Japan's unconditional surrender in August 1945, the
430:
10552:
8513:
New York: Columbia University Press, 2021. ISBN 9780231188135
8047:"China Box Office Growth at 49% as Total Hits $ 6.78 Billion"
6913:
3992:
Notably Zhang Yimou served as cinematographer for both films.
3983:
Lianhua's original English name is "United Photoplay Service"
3134:
3081:
Under the influence of Hollywood science fiction movies like
2927:
2893:
2699:
2448:
2345:
Best Director award. Another popular actress and director is
2058:
in the backdrop of an internationally themed amusement park.
1443:
ticket sales each. The highest-grossing foreign film was the
847:(1948), by the same director (Fei Mu), was the first Chinese
8308:(3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
7812:"Top 20 countries by number of cinema admissions, 2005–2010"
7144:"China Box Office: February and 'The Mermaid' Smash Records"
6541:"Minimalism and Maximalism: The 42nd New York Film Festival"
3040:(2010) became China's highest grossing domestic films, with
1313:
and anti-Chinese. Viewing art through the principles of the
777:, a three-hour-long two-parter directed by Cai Chusheng and
599:
8353:
Carlo Celli. "China's Confucian, Misogynistic Nationalism"
6322:"Chinese Main Melody Film Wins Over Young Moviegoers | CFI"
6110:(Third ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 638–640.
3174:
2004:
was a surprise addition and Golden Lion winner of the 2006
1928:, who shoots on digital video, and formerly on 16 mm;
1576:
517:(1935), who gained fame during China's golden age of cinema
7225:"As Its Box Office Booms, Chinese Cinema Makes a 3-D Push"
5304:
5302:
5288:
5286:
5284:
4734:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. chs. 7–8.
4209:"New law, slowing sales take shine off China's box office"
3855:
achieved a market capitalization of nearly US$ 1 billion.
504:
4980:
2388:(2010), were similarly well received. By the early 2011,
2368:(1994) was the first PRC film to win Best Picture at the
1003:, 603 feature films and 8,342 reels of documentaries and
694:, the communist party's first full-capacity film studio.
268:
sending his cameraman to Shanghai a year after inventing
8392:, eds. Jing Wang and Tani E. Barlow. London: Verso 2002.
6602:"'The Wild Goose Lake' Review: A Noir Thriller in Wuhan"
6307:
Braester, Yomi. "Contemporary Mainstream PRC Cinema" in
6298:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2008, p. 38–39.
6281:
Braester, Yomi. "Contemporary Mainstream PRC Cinema" in
3074:, became the highest-grossing film in China, overtaking
2996:
was pulled out from non-3D theaters for Hu Mei's biopic
2875:
1795:, while many others went into television-related works.
8399:
Chinese Animation: A History and Filmography, 1922-2012
8331:(Paperback ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
8106:"China's box office increases by 9% to $ 8.9bn in 2018"
6571:"Chinese director Jia Zhangke competing at Cannes 2018"
6189:
Staging China: new theatres in the twenty-first century
5299:
5281:
2934:, for example). Another successful commercial film was
594:
8565:
Yingjin Zhang (Author), Zhiwei Xiao (Author, Editor),
7950:
7948:
7362:"Internet Giants Move From Behind the Camera to Front"
6871:"Animation and Cartoons 卡通與漫畫 - Chinese Film Classics"
6819:
Cinema, Space, and Polylocality in a Globalizing China
2469:(1990) is now seen as one of the first works of this "
1897:'s accusation of China's older filmmakers in an essay.
1344:
and modernist storytelling techniques and aesthetics.
7294:
Stephen Cremin and Patrick Frater (January 3, 2013).
6376:""There Is No Sixth Generation!" Director Li Yang on
6177:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2008, p. 35.
6105:
6080:
5659:
5528:
5503:
5452:
5385:
5324:
4340:. Zhu, Yun, 1979-. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press, Inc.
2182:
1523:, also helping to legitimize Deng's new policies of "
1155:
story). The most prominent filmmaker of this era was
1123:(1957), was labeled as a "poisonous weed" during the
5012:. University of California-San Diego. Archived from
4544:. University of California-San Diego. Archived from
3835:
Notable independent (non-state-owned) film companies
3012:
also made little money, but his earlier, low-budget
7945:
7170:
The Fear of Chinese Power: an International History
5064:"Wanderings of Three Hairs the Orphan 三毛流浪記 (1949)"
3932:
List of Chinese film production companies (pre-PRC)
3078:. It is also the first film to reach CN¥3 billion.
2659:
In 1937, the Wan brothers decided to produce 《铁扇公主》
2355:(2013) was a huge box office and critical success.
1242:
1103:The thawing of censorship in 1956–57 (known as the
29:"Chinese Cinema" redirects here. For the book, see
8324:
7222:
5715:
4848:(Rowman and Littlefield Productions, Oxford, 2002)
4599:
3942:List of film production companies by country#China
3743:(US$ 8.77 billion). Other large companies include
2892:(1986), a narrative film with minimal dialog on a
2481:, subject to state authorized tasks. Shot using a
2395:
2303:(1998), a black comedy film well received abroad.
2214:was nominated. According to entertainment website
1452:(1976), which released in 1978 and sold more than
8539:Semsel, George, Xia Hong, and Hou Jianping, eds.
8478:
7896:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from
7779:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from
7648:
6741:
6627:
4388:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4060:"China Film Industry Report 2014-2015 (In Brief)"
4011:
3101:Chinese international cinema and successes abroad
2926:(1982) was an instant hit at home and abroad (in
2494:Another internationally acclaimed documentary is
12928:
8576:, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1999.
8303:
8040:
8038:
8036:
8034:
7440:. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013
6717:"100 best Chinese Mainland Films: the countdown"
5376:. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2003.
3210:were critically acclaimed around the world. The
3002:, but this move led to a backlash on Hu's film.
8574:Cinema and Urban Culture in Shanghai, 1922–1943
8376:Annotated Bibliography For Chinese Film Studies
7534:
7397:. Archived from the original on 24 January 2015
6633:
6538:
5234:Cinema and Urban Culture in Shanghai, 1922–1943
4857:
2409:are two of these generation filmmakers. Ying's
2290:(1994) won a myriad of prizes home and abroad.
2012:, which concerns provincial workers around the
1566:
31:Chinese Cinema: Culture and Politics since 1949
8612:Chinese Women's Cinema: Transnational Contexts
8218:
8012:"China Surges 36% in Total Box Office Revenue"
8009:
7954:
7918:
7705:. EntGroup Inc. Beijing Review. Archived from
7651:"Report: China b.o. to overtake Japan in 2015"
7472:
7326:
7052:
6798:Chinese Documentaries: From Dogma to Polyphony
6515:"Filming the Dark Side Of Capitalism in China"
6369:
6367:
6034:. Perspectives on Fantasy series. London, UK:
5989:Yau, Esther. "China After the Revolution", in
5953:"The Film Industry in China: Past and Present"
5553:Yau, Esther. "China After the Revolution", in
5477:Yau, Esther. "China After the Revolution", in
5292:Yau, Esther. "China After the Revolution", in
5080:. British Film Institute. 2004. Archived from
4123:
3346:and have acted in many Hong Kong productions.
3054:(2012) became the first Chinese film to reach
1261:, directed by Pan Wenzhan and Fu Jie in 1970.
194:, one of three distinct historical threads of
12535:
12188:
10537:
9172:
8680:
8603:Art, Politics and Commerce in Chinese Cinema,
8044:
8031:
7503:
7009:
6489:"A Touch of Sin: Interview with Jia Zhang-ke"
6433:
5951:Aranburu, Ainhoa Marzol (January–June 2017).
5007:
4631:
4539:
4535:
4533:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4396:. The University of Vienna- Sinologie Program
4391:"Chinese Film History - A Short Introduction"
4384:
4382:
4380:
4378:
3848:, which had a 91% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
1860:and Fifth Generation director Huang Jianxin.
1791:(but later returned), Huang Jianxin left for
1465:(1971) which released in 1979 and sold about
1353:Box office boom after the Cultural Revolution
438:, a superstar during the silent film era, in
8322:
8005:
8003:
8001:
7999:
7912:
7696:
7694:
7692:
7690:
7688:
7686:
7684:
7682:
7680:
7678:
6981:
6512:
6466:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 47–48.
6057:
6055:
4634:"Chapter 24 - Chinese Cinema and Technology"
4489:
4137:"China Box Office Crawls to 3% Gain in 2016"
1759:from reality and show their artistic sense.
995:In the 17 years between the founding of the
925:. American films were banned as part of the
389:'s sound technology. However, the sound was
8541:Chinese Film Theory: A Guide to the New Era
8395:
8304:Bordwell, David; Thompson, Kristin (2010).
8129:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
7894:"Table 8: Cinema Infrastructure - Capacity"
7888:
7886:
7884:
7882:
7880:
7878:
7771:
7769:
7767:
7765:
7763:
7761:
7759:
7562:
7499:
7497:
7364:. EntGroup Inc. China Daily. Archived from
6953:
6772:
6486:
6373:
6364:
5957:Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business
5855:
5567:
5565:
5563:
4104:"China reveals box office toppers for 2016"
4054:
4052:
4050:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4042:
3404:and 24,317 screens in the country in 2014.
3044:earning ¥670 million (US$ 105 million) and
2794:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2454:
2325:is another cinematographer who made films (
1347:
1336:developed mass audiences in China. Through
606:, an iconic Chinese singer and film actress
12542:
12528:
10544:
10530:
9179:
9165:
8687:
8673:
8402:. Illustrated by Bryn Barnard. McFarland.
8170:"China: number of movie tickets sold 2018"
8104:Shackleton2019-01-02T00:38:00+00:00, Liz.
7475:"IMAX China Sets Cautious IPO Share Price"
7329:"So Young enters China's all-time top ten"
7088:"China Has Biggest Ever Day At Box Office"
7055:"So Young enters China's all-time top ten"
6918:. Hong Kong University Press. p. 456.
6398:
6396:
6346:
5883:
4524:
4375:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4087:
3947:List of highest-grossing non-English films
2830:It was only with the release of 《西游记之大圣归来》
1484:
1377:tickets sold, equivalent to an average of
1369:tickets sold, equivalent to an average of
1076:and won the Outstanding Film award at the
541:. Other major films of the period include
511:, a Korean-born Chinese actor featured in
46:
7996:
7957:"China Adds 5,000 Cinema Screens in 2013"
7675:
7432:"China B.O. passes RMB20 billion in 2013"
7429:
7024:
6052:
6023:
6002:
4485:
4483:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4101:
3354:
3342:, obtained Hong Kong residency under the
2814:Learn how and when to remove this message
2504:(2003). Wang's subsequent documentaries,
2498:'s nine-hour tale of deindustrialization
2343:San Sebastián International Film Festival
804:(1947). Another memorable Wenhua film is
348:was so successful at the box office, the
8475:, Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc 2002.
8073:
8071:
8069:
7875:
7756:
7494:
7386:
7260:
7256:
7254:
7252:
7198:"Zhou Xun Obtains Hong Kong Citizenship"
6914:Louise Edwards; Elaine Jeffreys (2010).
6029:
5950:
5744:[In 1979, there were only more than
5631:Sorace, Christian (2019). "Aesthetics".
5560:
5143:"Module 8: Long Live the Missus! (1947)"
5036:"Spring River Flows East 一江春水向東流 (1947)"
4681:
4679:
4429:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4039:
3220:
3116:
3104:
3058:1 billion at the Chinese box office and
1830:, the film and TV production arm of the
1570:
716:
598:
503:
429:
232:
7847:
7845:
7843:
7841:
7839:
7837:
7806:
7804:
7802:
7800:
7798:
7728:
7726:
7724:
7700:
7588:
7530:
7528:
7113:
6402:
6393:
6186:
5917:
5911:
5728:Communication University of China Press
5604:. Taylor & Francis (1998), p. 101.
5349:
4570:. Ohio State University. Archived from
4542:"A Centennial Review of Chinese Cinema"
4338:Historical dictionary of Chinese cinema
4335:
4206:
4084:
3937:List of highest-grossing films in China
2880:
2265:-like films set in Chinese locale. His
1881:
14:
12929:
11479:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
8551:Sinascape: Contemporary Chinese Cinema
8077:
7359:
7223:Brenhouse, Hillary (31 January 2011).
7161:
7141:
7085:
6956:"Feng Xiaogang: the Chinese Spielberg"
6463:Sinascape: Contemporary Chinese Cinema
6071:, 2002-08-01. Retrieved on 2007-04-28.
5811:近年拍摄的戏曲片《白蛇传》观众人数最多,达七亿人次、《七品芝麻官》五亿人次。
5630:
5626:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5618:
5571:
5261:Material Contradictions in Mao's China
5254:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5244:
5242:
5208:"Welcome to the Hong Kong Film Awards"
4592:Berry, Chris. "China Before 1949", in
4480:
4368:Berry, Chris. "China Before 1949", in
4134:
1729:, 1985) to the esoteric (Chen Kaige's
854:
814:with an original screenplay by writer
649:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
12523:
10525:
9160:
8668:
8641:online course on early Chinese cinema
8527:Memoirs From The Beijing Film Academy
8066:
7649:Jonathan Landreth (15 October 2010).
7589:Brzeski, Patrick (15 February 2016).
7563:Tartaglione, Nancy (1 January 2016).
7423:
7249:
7167:
7142:Papish, Jonathan (29 February 2016).
7114:Brzeski, Patrick (19 February 2016).
6816:
6599:
6249:Modern Chinese Literature and Culture
5684:
5103:Rea, Christopher (14 February 1947).
4768:
4676:
4672:from the original on 18 October 2023.
4408:
4295:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4207:Edwards, Russell (15 November 2016).
2876:New models and the new Chinese cinema
2491:(2001) is another documentary by Wu.
2466:Bumming in Beijing: The Last Dreamers
1798:
8323:Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey, ed. (1997).
7834:
7795:
7721:
7663:from the original on 7 November 2013
7535:Patrick Brzeski (31 December 2015).
7525:
7473:Patrick Frater (30 September 2015).
7014:. Blackwell Publishing. p. 357.
6742:Reynaud, Berenice (September 2003).
6636:"Resurrection takes China BO record"
6219:
5766:
5760:
5637:Australian National University Press
5417:
5168:"Spring in a Small Town 小城之春 (1948)"
4697:from the original on 1 October 2023.
4609:. The Chinese Mirror. Archived from
4457:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4233:
4231:
4229:
4135:Frater, Patrick (31 December 2016).
3821:China Film Group Digital Cinema Line
3416:, overtaking the previous record of
3173:was a phenomenal success in most of
3144:many earlier Chinese films. To date
3124:, a Chinese actor, singer, and model
2792:adding citations to reliable sources
2759:
2644:animation, the self-taught pioneers
2425:made two dGeneration feature films,
981:. Cinema also sought to develop the
761:Wanderings of Three-Hairs the Orphan
712:
595:Japanese occupation and World War II
12175:Major Historical and Cultural Sites
8694:
7086:Frater, Patrick (9 February 2016).
6837:"Icarus Films: Featured Filmmakers"
6793:
5918:Elledge, Jonn (16 September 2021).
5817:people, and "Sesame Official" with
5615:
5423:
5239:
5180:
5102:
4858:Kraicer, Shelly (6 December 2005).
4729:
4607:"《Legend of the White Snake》(1926)"
2940:(405谋杀案, 1980), a murder thriller.
2635:
2190:Pingyao International Film Festival
2054:(2004) emphasizes the emptiness of
1299:In 1972, Chinese officials invited
1255:version of the revolutionary opera
1159:, whose three films in particular,
1038:Chinese film was produced in 1960.
684:Manchukuo Film Association (Man-ei)
425:
24:
12549:
11313:
10551:
8605:Hong Kong University Press, 2010.
8423:
8385:, University of Hawaii Press 2003.
8378:, Hong Kong University Press 2004.
8347:
8327:The Oxford history of world cinema
8195:"China: cinema screen number 2019"
8078:Frater, Patrick (1 January 2018).
8045:Variety Staff (31 December 2015).
7955:Patrick Frater (17 January 2014).
7919:Patrick Frater (10 January 2013).
7616:
7504:Julie Makinen (29 December 2015).
6459:
6403:Corliss, Richard (26 March 2001).
6246:
6130:
5991:The Oxford history of world cinema
5825:
5791:
5555:The Oxford History of World Cinema
5479:The Oxford History of World Cinema
5430:University of North Carolina Press
5294:The Oxford History of World Cinema
5258:
5181:Rea, Christopher (22 April 2021).
4985:. ChinaCulture.org. Archived from
4981:Ministry of Culture Staff (2003).
4954:"Song of the Fishermen 漁光曲 (1934)"
4719:from the original on 21 July 2023.
4594:The Oxford History of World Cinema
4370:The Oxford History of World Cinema
4299:
3787:in 2014 by box office gross were:
2319:Berlin International Film Festival
2287:Red Firecracker, Green Firecracker
2253:
2183:Notable Sixth Generation directors
2006:Venice International Film Festival
1251:. The most notable of these was a
1078:London International Film Festival
1068:(two parts, 1961, 4), was made by
583:(1937). Throughout the 1930s, the
98:Produced feature films (2016)
25:
12953:
11470:Political Consultative Conference
8659:A Journal of Chinese Film History
8630:
8553:, Rowman & Littlefield, 2007.
8511:Chinese Film Classics, 1922–1949.
8010:Patrick Frater (4 January 2015).
6634:Cremin, Stephen (July 24, 2012).
6539:Rapfogel, Jared (December 2004).
5232:Zhang Yingjin, "Introduction" in
5050:"Crows and Sparrows 烏鴉與麻雀 (1949)"
4821:"Module 4: The Great Road (1934)"
4568:"A Brief History of Chinese Film"
4540:Zhang Yingjin (10 October 2003).
4322:
4226:
3734:
3248:, for example, was directed by a
3230:Tokyo International Film Festival
2912:as the longest-running film on a
2540:, the first woman in the NDM, in
12910:
12901:
12900:
12256:Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty
12251:Four Masters of the Ming dynasty
10503:
10489:
9186:
8788:
8520:Volume 12, Number 1, pp 85–108.
8427:Asian Journal of Women's Studies
8357:. Palgrave MacMillan 2013, 1–22.
8266:
8240:
8212:
8187:
8162:
8137:
8097:
7976:
7921:"China BO exceeds RMB17 billion"
7642:
7610:
7582:
7556:
7466:
7380:
7353:
7320:
7287:
7216:
7190:
7135:
7107:
7079:
7046:
7018:
7003:
6982:Raymond Zhou (29 January 2010).
6975:
6954:Walsh Megan (20 February 2014).
6947:
6922:
6907:
6889:
6877:
6863:
6829:
6810:
6787:
6766:
6735:
6709:
6683:
6658:
6593:
6563:
6532:
6506:
6480:
6434:Deborah Young (4 October 1993).
6380:and His Place in Chinese Cinema"
5008:Zhang Yingjin (1 January 2007).
4732:Chinese Film Classics, 1922-1949
4640:. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 456.
3965:Bai She Zhuan (1926) 白蛇传 :
3344:Quality Migrant Admission Scheme
3048:¥674 million (US$ 110 million).
2764:
2755:
1893:— The sixth generation director
1531:was given to two "scar dramas",
1243:Films of the Cultural Revolution
863:. The Soviet-led collaborations
127:Number of admissions (2016)
12246:Four Paragons of the Early Tang
11443:Political parties and movements
10807:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
10792:Northern and Southern dynasties
8219:Patrick Frater (9 April 2015).
6666:"《让子弹飞》票房7.3亿 姜文成国内第一导演_娱乐_腾讯网"
6453:
6427:
6340:
6314:
6301:
6288:
6275:
6240:
6213:
6180:
6167:
6124:
6099:
6074:
5996:
5983:
5944:
5803:福建省戯劇年鑑 (Fujian Drama Yearbook)
5726:] (in Chinese). 中国传媒大学出版社 (
5709:
5685:Zhang, Rui (1 September 2008).
5678:
5653:
5594:
5547:
5522:
5497:
5484:
5471:
5446:
5404:
5379:
5366:
5343:
5226:
5200:
5174:
5160:
5135:
5122:
5096:
5070:
5056:
5042:
5028:
5010:"Chinese Cinema - Cai Chusheng"
5001:
4974:
4960:
4946:
4932:
4914:
4896:
4882:
4851:
4838:
4813:
4788:
4762:
4748:
4723:
4701:
4654:
4625:
4586:
4560:
4510:
4362:
3986:
3977:
3959:
3813:China Film South Cinema Circuit
3386:highest-grossing films in China
2396:Generation-independent movement
1990:'s production house, while his
1114:Before the New Director Arrives
909:soldiers, and workers, such as
841:. A Chinese Peking opera film,
286:, was made in November 1905 in
221:In November 2016, China passed
12868:British Indian Ocean Territory
8518:Global Media and Communication
7430:Kevin Mar (10 December 2013).
7327:Stephen Cremin (18 May 2013).
7053:Stephen Cremin (18 May 2013).
6106:Bordwell and Thompson (2010).
6081:Bordwell and Thompson (2010).
6003:Yvonne Ng (19 November 2002).
5899:(in Chinese). 17 November 2017
5843:(in Chinese). 29 December 2014
5660:Bordwell and Thompson (2010).
5529:Bordwell and Thompson (2010).
5504:Bordwell and Thompson (2010).
5453:Bordwell and Thompson (2010).
5386:Bordwell and Thompson (2010).
5325:Bordwell and Thompson (2010).
5265:University of Washington Press
4846:Building a New China in Cinema
4662:"Song at Midnight 夜半歌聲 (1937)"
4200:
4182:
4156:
4065:. EntGroup Inc. Archived from
3424:) in foreign markets in 2016.
3238:Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
3140:Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
2749:Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf
2732:
2711:
2686:
2382:(2000, Cannes Grand Prix) and
1449:Kimi yo Fundo no Kawa o Watare
784:Meanwhile, companies like the
705:During the later phase of the
690:, where it was established as
55:
13:
1:
8560:Volume 2, Issue 1, pp 37–51.
8440:10.1080/12259276.2017.1279890
8306:Film history: an introduction
7012:A Companion to Chinese Cinema
6600:Kenny, Glenn (5 March 2020).
6108:Film History: An Introduction
6083:Film History: An Introduction
5662:Film History: An Introduction
5531:Film History: An Introduction
5506:Film History: An Introduction
5455:Film History: An Introduction
5388:Film History: An Introduction
5327:Film History: An Introduction
5105:"Love Everlasting 不了情 (1947)"
4769:Cheng, Bugao (8 March 1933).
4638:A Companion to Chinese Cinema
3999:
2631:History of animation in China
2501:Tie Xi Qu: West of the Tracks
2268:Swordsmen in Double Flag Town
1986:(2000) was funded in part by
1973:(1997) concerns a provincial
1407:in box office admissions was
1405:China's highest-grossing film
1237:U.S. bombing of North Vietnam
1162:Woman Basketball Player No. 5
875:Victory of the Chinese People
865:Victory of the Chinese People
261:like Shanghai and Hong Kong.
228:
11548:Ministry of National Defense
10887:Chinese Communist Revolution
8567:Encyclopedia of Chinese Film
7261:Kevin Ma (January 6, 2014).
6773:Krich, John (5 March 1998).
5602:Encyclopedia of Chinese Film
4771:"Spring Silkworms 春蠶 (1933)"
4756:"Love and Duty 戀愛與義務 (1931)"
4102:Zhang Rui (3 January 2017).
4004:
3829:Beijing New Film Association
2982:to boost his films' appeal.
2620:
2338:Letter from an Unknown Woman
2202:, following nominations for
1567:Rise of the fifth generation
1226:Socialist Education Movement
801:Fake Bride, Phony Bridegroom
766:San Mao, The Little Vagabond
338:films, with the first being
307:, was filmed in Shanghai by
294:and the largest city in the
148:Gross box office (2023)
7:
12211:Flowers of the Four Seasons
12196:Four Treasures of the Study
11815:Water supply and sanitation
11543:Central Military Commission
11538:Outline of military history
11288:Province-level subdivisions
8479:Quiquemelle, Marie-Claire;
7701:Bai Shi (9 February 2014).
7387:Kevin Ma (2 January 2015).
7296:"Xu joins one billion club"
7263:"China B.O. up 27% in 2013"
7010:Yingjin Zhang, ed. (2012).
6896:《狼灾记》票房低迷出乎意料 导演的兽性情挑_第一电影网
6823:University of Hawaiʻi Press
6775:"China's New Documentaries"
6513:Kahn, Joseph (7 May 2003).
6487:Pamela Jahn (16 May 2014).
6436:"Review: 'Beijing Zazhong'"
5834:回望中国电影20年 从5亿人看《少林寺》到票房1日破亿
5716:赵子忠 (Zhào Zizhōng) (2006).
5350:Li Xiao (17 January 2004).
4687:"Street Angels 馬路天使 (1937)"
3858:
3349:
3228:at Opening Ceremony of the
2680:The Adventures of Pinocchio
2640:Inspired by the success of
2488:Dance with the Farm Workers
1812:refers to the musical term
1258:The Red Detachment of Women
1168:The Red Detachment of Women
818:. Wenhua's romantic drama,
775:The Spring River Flows East
744:The Spring River Flows East
667:during September 1938, the
614:in 1937, in particular the
346:Burning of Red Lotus Temple
341:Burning of Red Lotus Temple
10:
12958:
11484:Primary stage of socialism
11426:National People's Congress
10894:People's Republic of China
8652:MCLC Resource Center-Media
8558:Journal of Chinese Cinemas
8296:
7626:W. W. Norton & Company
7389:"China B.O up 36% in 2014"
7025:Karen Chu (17 June 2012).
6780:The San Francisco Examiner
6133:Television & New Media
5873:中国电影出版社 (China Film Press)
5799:"Fujian xi ju: Fujianxiju"
5775:Princeton University Press
5693:Hong Kong University Press
4796:"Module 3: Goddess (1934)"
4389:Martin Geiselmann (2006).
2905:Romance on the Lu Mountain
2624:
2349:, whose directorial debut
1853:The Founding of a Republic
1706:Best Foreign Language Film
1548:Legend of Tianyun Mountain
1488:
1249:revolutionary model operas
1098:United Kingdom and the PRC
997:People's Republic of China
612:Japanese invasion of China
369:Orphan Rescues Grandfather
192:People's Republic of China
28:
12896:
12855:
12815:
12557:
12481:
12449:
12367:
12288:
12068:
11874:
11865:
11823:
11783:
11625:
11616:
11528:
11379:
11309:
11300:
11263:
11234:UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
11189:
11123:
11032:
10970:
10942:
10933:
10862:
10740:
10688:
10648:
10572:
10563:
10483:
10440:
10407:
10330:
10263:
10256:
10199:
10104:
10021:
9948:
9939:
9907:
9792:
9749:
9691:
9524:
9469:
9460:
9430:
9384:
9328:
9252:
9216:
9207:
9194:
8962:
8899:
8831:
8798:
8783:
8730:
8702:
8647:Journal of Chinese Cinema
8616:Columbia University Press
8369:Columbia University Press
7458:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
7415:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
6984:"Confucius loses his way"
6374:Stephen Teo (July 2003).
6063:"The great fall of China"
4730:Rea, Christopher (2021).
4464:Columbia University Press
4306:Columbia University Press
3972:Legend of the White Snake
3967:Legend of the White Snake
3922:List of Chinese directors
3917:List of Chinese actresses
3895:Oriental Movie Metropolis
3252:-born American director (
2833:Monkey King: Hero is Back
2652:, made the first Chinese
2444:An Elephant Sitting Still
2170:Kekexili: Mountain Patrol
1955:, featuring artists like
1726:The Black Cannon Incident
1456:tickets, followed by the
1413:(1980) with an estimated
1410:Legend of the White Snake
1267:Cultural Revolution Group
1024:style of filmmaking. The
1010:Guerrilla on the Railroad
568:Plunder of Peach and Plum
400:made in China was either
208:Oriental Movie Metropolis
198:cinema together with the
164:
152:
147:
139:
131:
126:
118:
110:
102:
97:
76:
68:
54:
45:
40:
12617:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
12409:Catholic Church in China
11553:People's Liberation Army
11520:One country, two systems
9402:Central African Republic
6901:5 September 2013 at the
6145:10.1177/1527476412471436
6007:. Kinema. Archived from
5891:"吴宇森对话高晓松 "最后一部电影会拍给徐克""
5833:
5578:Cornell University Press
5572:Minami, Kazushi (2024).
5352:"Film Industry in China"
4968:"Hua Mu Lan 木蘭從軍 (1939)"
3952:
3905:
3900:August First Film Studio
3809:Guangzhou Jinyi Zhujiang
3317:Bodyguards and Assassins
2910:Guinness Book of Records
2899:The Warrior and the Wolf
2471:New Documentary Movement
2455:New documentary movement
2376:. His other films, like
2370:Golden Horse Film Awards
2261:is a director of mostly
1948:(1993) focuses on youth
1832:People's Liberation Army
1828:August First Film Studio
1625:(1983) and Chen Kaige's
1417:admissions, followed by
1381:per person. In terms of
1348:Post-Cultural Revolution
1134:The New Year's Sacrifice
1105:Hundred Flowers Campaign
879:People's Liberation Army
831:Spring of the Small Town
692:Northeastern Film Studio
383:Sing-Song Girl Red Peony
12878:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
12241:Four Pillars of Destiny
12026:Regional discrimination
11448:Chinese Communist Party
8581:Chinese National Cinema
7703:"Hollywood Takes a Hit"
7360:Xu Fan (18 June 2015).
7168:Crean, Jeffrey (2024).
6817:Zhang, Yingjin (2010).
6309:The Chinese Cinema Book
6283:The Chinese Cinema Book
6234:10.1558/prbt.v13.i2.127
6030:Reinders, Eric (2024).
5492:The Chinese Cinema Book
5412:The Chinese Cinema Book
5310:The Chinese Cinema Book
5130:The Chinese Cinema Book
4518:"Red Heroine 紅俠 (1929)"
3805:Shanghai United Circuit
3751:(US$ 5.98 billion) and
3207:House of Flying Daggers
3151:In 2002, Zhang Yimou's
3034:(2009) and Jiang Wen's
2702:'s Rebellion in the Sea
2092:East Palace West Palace
2019:House of Flying Daggers
1863:The Founding of an Army
1293:Breaking with Old Ideas
140: • Per capita
72:2.98 per 100,000 (2016)
69: • Per capita
11994:Science and technology
11667:Special economic zones
10919:persecution of Uyghurs
10847:Century of humiliation
10117:Bosnia and Herzegovina
8525:Zhen Ni, Chris Berry,
7989:The Hollywood Reporter
7656:The Hollywood Reporter
7596:The Hollywood Reporter
7542:The Hollywood Reporter
7121:The Hollywood Reporter
7032:The Hollywood Reporter
6930:"CCTV-电影频道-相聚——《流金岁月》"
6802:. Routledge. pp.
6191:. Palgrave MacMillan.
5424:Gao, Yunxiang (2021).
5210:. 2004. Archived from
4940:"New Women 新女性 (1935)"
4864:The Hollywood Reporter
4632:Yingjin Zhang (2012).
4194:The Hollywood Reporter
3912:List of Chinese actors
3355:Box office and screens
3233:
3212:Hengdian World Studios
3125:
3114:
2379:Devils on the Doorstep
2365:In the Heat of the Sun
2341:(2004) landed her the
2176:City of Life and Death
1890:
1583:
1521:Anti-Rightist Campaign
1439:(1983) with more than
1301:Michelangelo Antonioni
1151:(1959, adapted from a
1137:(1956, adapted from a
1125:Anti-Rightist Movement
979:rural collectivization
844:A Wedding in the Dream
821:Spring in a Small Town
729:
657:(1943) were produced.
607:
518:
445:
251:
212:Hengdian World Studios
12201:Four Great Inventions
11585:People's Armed Police
9422:São Tomé and Príncipe
8657:The Chinese Mirror —
8643:, and other resources
8637:Chinese Film Classics
8531:Duke University Press
6794:Chu, Yingchu (2007).
6187:Li Ruru, ed. (2016).
5875:. 1985. p. 161.
5187:Chinese Film Classics
5147:Chinese Film Classics
5109:Chinese Film Classics
5078:"Kunlun Film Company"
4926:Chinese Film Classics
4908:Chinese Film Classics
4825:Chinese Film Classics
4800:Chinese Film Classics
4775:Chinese Film Classics
4713:Chinese Film Classics
4691:Chinese Film Classics
4666:Chinese Film Classics
4490:David Carter (2010).
4168:Hollywoodreporter.com
3927:List of Chinese films
3852:Beijing Enlight Media
3827:(170.15 million) and
3224:
3183:Farewell My Concubine
3120:
3108:
2543:Out of Phoenix Bridge
1886:
1701:Farewell My Concubine
1659:Farewell My Concubine
1653:Raise the Red Lantern
1574:
1529:Golden Rooster Awards
1525:reform and opening up
1383:box office admissions
1230:The White-Haired Girl
1216:On 9 March 1958, the
1120:The Unfinished Comedy
1086:The White-Haired Girl
1060:traditional paintings
940:Northeast Film Studio
923:Changchun Film Studio
918:The White-Haired Girl
720:
698:was its director and
602:
562:Song of the Fishermen
507:
433:
406:Clear Sky After Storm
404:(歌場春色) by Tianyi, or
236:
12792:United Arab Emirates
12180:World Heritage Sites
11708:Foreign aid received
11416:Environmental policy
11214:Environmental policy
11209:Environmental issues
9894:United Arab Emirates
8717:Production companies
8572:Yingjin Zhang, ed.,
8396:Rolf Giesen (2015).
6551:on 13 September 2007
6460:Xu, Gary G. (2007).
5871:] (in Chinese).
5805:(in Chinese) (1–6).
5767:Link, Perry (2000).
5752:, and an average of
5635:. Acton, Australia:
5170:. 26 September 1948.
4983:"Sole Island Movies"
4668:. 21 February 1937.
3825:Hengdian Cinema Line
3817:Zhejiang Time Cinema
3801:Dadi Theater Circuit
3745:Huayi Brothers Media
3180:Other films such as
2881:Commercial successes
2844:Big Fish and Begonia
2788:improve this section
2212:Mountains May Depart
2128:Mountains May Depart
1882:The sixth generation
1856:(2009), directed by
1846:(1997), directed by
1641:King of the Children
1437:The Undaunted Wudang
1026:Beijing Film Academy
903:Shanghai Film Studio
837:was made in 2002 by
824:(1948), directed by
807:Long Live the Missus
726:New Fisherman's Song
644:Mulan Joins the Army
495:production companies
486:and a prostitute in
350:Star Motion Pictures
304:The Difficult Couple
12819:limited recognition
12426:History of religion
12421:Freedom of religion
12276:Four Pests campaign
12221:Four Classic Novels
11833:Automotive industry
11713:Foreign aid program
11404:Pro-democratisation
10899:Cultural Revolution
10443:& transnational
8278:chinafilmbiz 中国电影业务
8252:chinafilmbiz 中国电影业务
7900:on 24 December 2018
7863:on 12 February 2014
7822:on 12 February 2014
7783:on 25 December 2018
7744:on 12 February 2014
7709:on 22 February 2014
7308:on February 5, 2014
7174:Bloomsbury Academic
6581:on 12 November 2019
5930:. pp. 139–40.
5869:China Film Yearbook
5428:. Chapel Hill, NC:
4970:. 17 February 1939.
4758:. 24 February 1931.
4548:on 7 September 2008
4520:. 24 February 1929.
4458:Qian, Ying (2024).
3747:(US$ 7.9 billion),
3431:
3364:Ministry of Culture
3167:Tony Leung Chiu-Wai
3090:The Wandering Earth
3046:Let the Bullets Fly
3037:Let the Bullets Fly
2920:'s cinematic debut
2839:Journey to the West
2390:Let the Bullets Fly
2385:Let the Bullets Fly
2229:Black Coal Thin Ice
2195:Ash Is Purest White
2134:Ash Is Purest White
1837:Decisive Engagement
1691:The Story of Qiu Ju
1613:Cultural Revolution
1575:A movie theater in
1479:Ministry of Culture
1334:North Korean cinema
1321:criticized Premier
1218:Ministry of Culture
1192:Five Golden Flowers
1148:The Lin Family Shop
1042:using a variety of
1001:Cultural Revolution
986:class consciousness
855:Early Communist era
786:Wenhua Film Company
620:Xinhua Film Company
200:cinema of Hong Kong
12333:Population history
12313:Internal migration
11928:Harmonious Society
11803:Telecommunications
11760:Standard of living
11679:Online advertising
11431:Standing Committee
10295:Dominican Republic
8618:, 13 August 2013.
8569:, Routledge, 1998.
8509:Rea, Christopher.
8468:, MIT Press, 1972.
7933:on 15 January 2013
7926:Film Business Asia
7569:Deadline Hollywood
7437:Film Business Asia
7394:Film Business Asia
7368:on 15 October 2015
7334:Film Business Asia
7301:Film Business Asia
7275:on January 6, 2014
7268:Film Business Asia
7237:on 2 February 2011
7148:China Film Insider
7060:Film Business Asia
6916:Celebrity in China
6754:on 3 November 2007
6721:Timeoutbeijing.com
6640:Film Business Asia
6606:The New York Times
6415:on 6 February 2007
6326:China Film Insider
5214:on 22 October 2019
5084:on 22 January 2008
5066:. 31 October 1949.
5052:. 14 January 1950.
5038:. 10 October 1947.
4942:. 4 February 1935.
4072:on 15 October 2015
3831:(163.09 million).
3823:(177.42 million),
3819:(190.53 million),
3815:(318.71 million),
3811:(335.39 million),
3807:(355.07 million),
3803:(378.17 million),
3799:(393.35 million),
3797:China Film Stellar
3793:US$ 676.96 million
3777:Le Vision Pictures
3430:
3234:
3126:
3115:
2674:Gulliver's Travels
2648:, Wan Laiming and
2627:Animation in China
2473:" (NDM) in China.
2412:Taking Father Home
1917:Italian neorealism
1799:Main melody dramas
1584:
888:The Life of Wu Xun
756:Crows and Sparrows
730:
616:Battle of Shanghai
608:
519:
446:
252:
12924:
12923:
12861:other territories
12517:
12516:
12477:
12476:
12284:
12283:
11861:
11860:
11848:Shipping industry
11612:
11611:
11578:Strategic Support
11453:General Secretary
11438:National security
11421:Foreign relations
11375:
11374:
11296:
11295:
11259:
11258:
10962:Natural disasters
10929:
10928:
10882:Chinese Civil War
10877:Republic of China
10852:Taiping Rebellion
10725:Spring and Autumn
10630:Foreign relations
10519:
10518:
10403:
10402:
10252:
10251:
9935:
9934:
9456:
9455:
9154:
9153:
9150:
9149:
8823:Films by director
8494:978-2-85850-263-9
8485:Le Cinéma chinois
8481:Passek, Jean-Loup
8454:Harry H. Kuoshu,
8409:978-1-4766-1552-3
8338:978-0-19-874242-5
8315:978-0-07-338613-3
7992:. 7 January 2014.
7511:Los Angeles Times
7183:978-1-350-23394-2
6473:978-0-7425-5450-4
6198:978-1-137-52944-2
6117:978-0-07-338613-3
6092:978-0-07-338613-3
5937:978-1-4722-7648-3
5784:978-0-691-00198-2
5737:978-7-81085-720-8
5702:978-962-209-885-5
5671:978-0-07-338613-3
5540:978-0-07-338613-3
5515:978-0-07-338613-3
5464:978-0-07-338613-3
5397:978-0-07-338613-3
5336:978-0-07-338613-3
5274:978-0-295-75085-9
4989:on 26 August 2006
4922:"Chen Yanyan 陳燕燕"
4890:"Ruan Lingyu 阮玲玉"
4741:978-0-231-18813-5
4647:978-1-4443-3029-8
4503:978-1-84243-380-5
4493:East Asian Cinema
4347:978-0-8108-6779-6
4170:. 2 November 2016
3890:Movie Town Haikou
3875:Chinese animation
3870:East Asian cinema
3789:Wanda Cinema Line
3732:
3731:
3459:
3447:
3418:US$ 529.6 million
3284:Alexandre Desplat
3236:The successes of
2949:The Dream Factory
2866:, and a spinoff,
2824:
2823:
2816:
2722:Black Cat Sheriff
2718:Calabash Brothers
2662:Princess Iron Fan
2204:Unknown Pleasures
2104:Unknown Pleasures
1780:The King of Masks
1769:Xi'an Film Studio
1668:Tian Zhuangzhuang
1593:Tian Zhuangzhuang
1507:Tian Zhuangzhuang
1424:Full House of Joy
1275:struggle sessions
1232:was re-released.
1174:Two Stage Sisters
1031:This Life of Mine
1022:socialist realism
839:Tian Zhuangzhuang
713:Second golden age
707:Chinese Civil War
669:Eighth Route Army
172:
171:
156:CN¥54.9 billion (
77:Main distributors
16:(Redirected from
12949:
12914:
12904:
12903:
12873:Christmas Island
12559:Sovereign states
12544:
12537:
12530:
12521:
12520:
12497:
12490:
12387:Tibetan Buddhism
12382:Chinese Buddhism
12236:Four Holy Beasts
12186:
12185:
12038:Social relations
11967:Standard Chinese
11962:Chinese language
11872:
11871:
11657:Economic history
11623:
11622:
11602:Maritime Militia
11311:
11310:
11307:
11306:
11278:Border crossings
11273:Baseline islands
10968:
10967:
10940:
10939:
10904:Tiananmen Square
10787:Sixteen Kingdoms
10595:Military history
10570:
10569:
10546:
10539:
10532:
10523:
10522:
10510:World portal
10508:
10507:
10494:
10493:
10492:
10441:Intercontinental
10261:
10260:
10084:Northern Ireland
9946:
9945:
9467:
9466:
9214:
9213:
9181:
9174:
9167:
9158:
9157:
8818:Television films
8796:
8795:
8792:
8791:
8748:Cinematographers
8689:
8682:
8675:
8666:
8665:
8626:, 9780231527446.
8610:Wang, Lingzhen.
8543:, Praeger, 1990.
8506:
8451:
8420:
8418:
8416:
8342:
8330:
8319:
8290:
8289:
8287:
8285:
8270:
8264:
8263:
8261:
8259:
8244:
8238:
8237:
8235:
8233:
8216:
8210:
8209:
8207:
8205:
8191:
8185:
8184:
8182:
8180:
8166:
8160:
8159:
8157:
8155:
8141:
8135:
8134:
8128:
8120:
8118:
8116:
8101:
8095:
8094:
8092:
8090:
8075:
8064:
8063:
8061:
8059:
8042:
8029:
8028:
8026:
8024:
8007:
7994:
7993:
7980:
7974:
7973:
7971:
7969:
7952:
7943:
7942:
7940:
7938:
7929:. Archived from
7916:
7910:
7909:
7907:
7905:
7890:
7873:
7872:
7870:
7868:
7859:. Archived from
7857:Screen Australia
7849:
7832:
7831:
7829:
7827:
7818:. Archived from
7816:Screen Australia
7808:
7793:
7792:
7790:
7788:
7773:
7754:
7753:
7751:
7749:
7740:. Archived from
7738:Screen Australia
7730:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7714:
7698:
7673:
7672:
7670:
7668:
7646:
7640:
7639:
7624:. New York, NY:
7618:Li, David Daokui
7614:
7608:
7607:
7605:
7603:
7586:
7580:
7579:
7577:
7575:
7560:
7554:
7553:
7551:
7549:
7532:
7523:
7522:
7520:
7518:
7501:
7492:
7491:
7489:
7487:
7470:
7464:
7463:
7457:
7449:
7447:
7445:
7427:
7421:
7420:
7414:
7406:
7404:
7402:
7384:
7378:
7377:
7375:
7373:
7357:
7351:
7350:
7348:
7346:
7341:on 19 March 2015
7337:. Archived from
7324:
7318:
7317:
7315:
7313:
7304:. Archived from
7291:
7285:
7284:
7282:
7280:
7271:. Archived from
7258:
7247:
7246:
7244:
7242:
7233:. Archived from
7220:
7214:
7213:
7211:
7209:
7200:. Archived from
7194:
7188:
7187:
7165:
7159:
7158:
7156:
7154:
7139:
7133:
7132:
7130:
7128:
7111:
7105:
7104:
7102:
7100:
7083:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7072:
7067:on 19 March 2015
7063:. Archived from
7050:
7044:
7043:
7041:
7039:
7022:
7016:
7015:
7007:
7001:
7000:
6998:
6996:
6979:
6973:
6972:
6970:
6968:
6951:
6945:
6944:
6942:
6940:
6926:
6920:
6919:
6911:
6905:
6893:
6887:
6881:
6875:
6874:
6873:. 23 April 2021.
6867:
6861:
6858:
6852:
6851:
6849:
6847:
6833:
6827:
6826:
6814:
6808:
6807:
6801:
6791:
6785:
6784:
6770:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6759:
6750:. Archived from
6748:Senses of Cinema
6739:
6733:
6732:
6730:
6728:
6713:
6707:
6706:
6704:
6702:
6687:
6681:
6680:
6678:
6676:
6662:
6656:
6655:
6653:
6651:
6646:on July 30, 2012
6642:. Archived from
6631:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6597:
6591:
6590:
6588:
6586:
6577:. Archived from
6567:
6561:
6560:
6558:
6556:
6547:. Archived from
6545:Senses of Cinema
6536:
6530:
6529:
6527:
6525:
6510:
6504:
6503:
6501:
6499:
6484:
6478:
6477:
6457:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6446:
6431:
6425:
6424:
6422:
6420:
6411:. Archived from
6400:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6386:
6371:
6362:
6361:
6344:
6338:
6337:
6335:
6333:
6318:
6312:
6305:
6299:
6292:
6286:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6244:
6238:
6237:
6217:
6211:
6210:
6184:
6178:
6171:
6165:
6164:
6128:
6122:
6121:
6103:
6097:
6096:
6078:
6072:
6059:
6050:
6049:
6027:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6016:
6011:on 16 April 2007
6000:
5994:
5987:
5981:
5980:
5948:
5942:
5941:
5915:
5909:
5908:
5906:
5904:
5887:
5881:
5880:
5859:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5848:
5829:
5823:
5822:
5820:
5816:
5795:
5789:
5788:
5764:
5758:
5757:
5755:
5751:
5747:
5730:). p. 179.
5713:
5707:
5706:
5682:
5676:
5675:
5657:
5651:
5650:
5628:
5613:
5598:
5592:
5591:
5569:
5558:
5551:
5545:
5544:
5526:
5520:
5519:
5501:
5495:
5488:
5482:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5450:
5444:
5443:
5421:
5415:
5408:
5402:
5401:
5383:
5377:
5370:
5364:
5363:
5361:
5359:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5322:
5313:
5306:
5297:
5290:
5279:
5278:
5256:
5237:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5193:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5164:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5139:
5133:
5126:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5100:
5094:
5093:
5091:
5089:
5074:
5068:
5067:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5046:
5040:
5039:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5005:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4994:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4964:
4958:
4957:
4950:
4944:
4943:
4936:
4930:
4929:
4918:
4912:
4911:
4900:
4894:
4893:
4886:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4870:on 2 August 2010
4866:. Archived from
4855:
4849:
4842:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4831:
4817:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4806:
4792:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4766:
4760:
4759:
4752:
4746:
4745:
4727:
4721:
4720:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4693:. 22 July 1937.
4683:
4674:
4673:
4658:
4652:
4651:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4613:on 19 March 2013
4603:
4597:
4590:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4574:on 10 April 2014
4564:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4537:
4522:
4521:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4496:. Kamera Books.
4487:
4478:
4477:
4462:. New York, NY:
4455:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4395:
4386:
4373:
4366:
4360:
4359:
4336:Ye, Tan (2012).
4333:
4320:
4319:
4300:Li, Jie (2023).
4297:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4204:
4198:
4197:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4160:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4149:
4132:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4099:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4071:
4064:
4056:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4032:
4027:. 3 January 2024
4015:
3993:
3990:
3984:
3981:
3975:
3963:
3794:
3765:Enlight Pictures
3757:China Film Group
3741:Alibaba Pictures
3457:
3440:
3432:
3429:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3381:Lost in Thailand
3051:Lost in Thailand
2964:socialist market
2960:Chinese New Year
2819:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2799:
2768:
2760:
2744:Storm Resolution
2694:Uproar in Heaven
2636:Before the 1950s
2519:Man with no name
2283:historical drama
2220:The Pluto Moment
2095:), Jia Zhangke (
2086:Beijing Bastards
1945:Beijing Bastards
1898:
1732:Life on a String
1468:
1455:
1442:
1434:
1416:
1396:
1392:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1198:Third Sister Liu
812:Love Everlasting
791:Love Everlasting
763:, also known as
750:Myriad of Lights
641:, also known as
484:Spring Silkworms
476:, also known as
455:Spring Silkworms
426:Leftist movement
411:Song at Midnight
283:Dingjun Mountain
217:
216:US$ 6.58 billion
204:cinema of Taiwan
196:Chinese-language
188:Chinese mainland
159:
158:US$ 7.73 billion
57:
50:
38:
37:
21:
12957:
12956:
12952:
12951:
12950:
12948:
12947:
12946:
12937:Cinema of China
12927:
12926:
12925:
12920:
12892:
12860:
12851:
12832:Northern Cyprus
12818:
12811:
12553:
12551:Cinema of Asia
12548:
12518:
12513:
12500:
12493:
12486:
12473:
12445:
12363:
12323:Life expectancy
12280:
12184:
12064:
11984:Public holidays
11972:Written Chinese
11957:Intellectualism
11909:Sex trafficking
11857:
11819:
11779:
11608:
11524:
11371:
11362:Nationality law
11345:Law enforcement
11323:Judicial system
11292:
11255:
11229:Nature reserves
11219:Protected areas
11185:
11156:Water resources
11119:
11028:
10966:
10925:
10909:Economic reform
10872:1911 Revolution
10858:
10822:Jin (1115–1234)
10736:
10684:
10644:
10559:
10550:
10520:
10515:
10502:
10496:Film portal
10490:
10488:
10479:
10442:
10436:
10399:
10326:
10248:
10195:
10152:North Macedonia
10100:
10017:
9931:
9903:
9788:
9745:
9687:
9520:
9452:
9426:
9380:
9324:
9248:
9203:
9199:National cinema
9190:
9185:
9155:
9146:
8958:
8901:Films by decade
8895:
8886:Science fiction
8827:
8789:
8787:
8779:
8726:
8698:
8696:Cinema of China
8693:
8633:
8579:Yingjin Zhang,
8495:
8483:, eds. (1985).
8414:
8412:
8410:
8350:
8348:Further reading
8345:
8339:
8316:
8299:
8294:
8293:
8283:
8281:
8272:
8271:
8267:
8257:
8255:
8246:
8245:
8241:
8231:
8229:
8217:
8213:
8203:
8201:
8193:
8192:
8188:
8178:
8176:
8168:
8167:
8163:
8153:
8151:
8143:
8142:
8138:
8122:
8121:
8114:
8112:
8102:
8098:
8088:
8086:
8076:
8067:
8057:
8055:
8043:
8032:
8022:
8020:
8008:
7997:
7982:
7981:
7977:
7967:
7965:
7953:
7946:
7936:
7934:
7917:
7913:
7903:
7901:
7892:
7891:
7876:
7866:
7864:
7851:
7850:
7835:
7825:
7823:
7810:
7809:
7796:
7786:
7784:
7775:
7774:
7757:
7747:
7745:
7732:
7731:
7722:
7712:
7710:
7699:
7676:
7666:
7664:
7647:
7643:
7636:
7615:
7611:
7601:
7599:
7587:
7583:
7573:
7571:
7561:
7557:
7547:
7545:
7533:
7526:
7516:
7514:
7502:
7495:
7485:
7483:
7471:
7467:
7451:
7450:
7443:
7441:
7428:
7424:
7408:
7407:
7400:
7398:
7385:
7381:
7371:
7369:
7358:
7354:
7344:
7342:
7325:
7321:
7311:
7309:
7292:
7288:
7278:
7276:
7259:
7250:
7240:
7238:
7221:
7217:
7207:
7205:
7204:on 2 April 2012
7196:
7195:
7191:
7184:
7176:. p. 164.
7166:
7162:
7152:
7150:
7140:
7136:
7126:
7124:
7112:
7108:
7098:
7096:
7084:
7080:
7070:
7068:
7051:
7047:
7037:
7035:
7023:
7019:
7008:
7004:
6994:
6992:
6980:
6976:
6966:
6964:
6952:
6948:
6938:
6936:
6928:
6927:
6923:
6912:
6908:
6903:Wayback Machine
6894:
6890:
6882:
6878:
6869:
6868:
6864:
6859:
6855:
6845:
6843:
6841:icarusfilms.com
6835:
6834:
6830:
6815:
6811:
6792:
6788:
6771:
6767:
6757:
6755:
6740:
6736:
6726:
6724:
6715:
6714:
6710:
6700:
6698:
6689:
6688:
6684:
6674:
6672:
6664:
6663:
6659:
6649:
6647:
6632:
6628:
6618:
6616:
6598:
6594:
6584:
6582:
6569:
6568:
6564:
6554:
6552:
6537:
6533:
6523:
6521:
6511:
6507:
6497:
6495:
6485:
6481:
6474:
6458:
6454:
6444:
6442:
6432:
6428:
6418:
6416:
6405:"Bright Lights"
6401:
6394:
6384:
6382:
6372:
6365:
6352:"The Long Shot"
6345:
6341:
6331:
6329:
6328:. 2 August 2017
6320:
6319:
6315:
6306:
6302:
6293:
6289:
6280:
6276:
6245:
6241:
6218:
6214:
6199:
6185:
6181:
6172:
6168:
6129:
6125:
6118:
6104:
6100:
6093:
6079:
6075:
6060:
6053:
6046:
6028:
6024:
6014:
6012:
6001:
5997:
5988:
5984:
5949:
5945:
5938:
5916:
5912:
5902:
5900:
5889:
5888:
5884:
5861:
5860:
5856:
5846:
5844:
5835:
5831:
5830:
5826:
5818:
5814:
5797:
5796:
5792:
5785:
5777:. p. 204.
5765:
5761:
5753:
5749:
5745:
5738:
5714:
5710:
5703:
5683:
5679:
5672:
5658:
5654:
5647:
5629:
5616:
5599:
5595:
5588:
5570:
5561:
5552:
5548:
5541:
5527:
5523:
5516:
5502:
5498:
5489:
5485:
5476:
5472:
5465:
5451:
5447:
5440:
5422:
5418:
5409:
5405:
5398:
5384:
5380:
5371:
5367:
5357:
5355:
5348:
5344:
5337:
5323:
5316:
5307:
5300:
5291:
5282:
5275:
5257:
5240:
5231:
5227:
5217:
5215:
5206:
5205:
5201:
5191:
5189:
5179:
5175:
5166:
5165:
5161:
5151:
5149:
5141:
5140:
5136:
5127:
5123:
5113:
5111:
5101:
5097:
5087:
5085:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5062:
5061:
5057:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5034:
5033:
5029:
5019:
5017:
5016:on 7 March 2007
5006:
5002:
4992:
4990:
4979:
4975:
4966:
4965:
4961:
4956:. 14 June 1934.
4952:
4951:
4947:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4920:
4919:
4915:
4902:
4901:
4897:
4892:. 8 March 2021.
4888:
4887:
4883:
4873:
4871:
4856:
4852:
4843:
4839:
4829:
4827:
4819:
4818:
4814:
4804:
4802:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4779:
4777:
4767:
4763:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4742:
4728:
4724:
4707:
4706:
4702:
4685:
4684:
4677:
4660:
4659:
4655:
4648:
4630:
4626:
4616:
4614:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4591:
4587:
4577:
4575:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4551:
4549:
4538:
4525:
4516:
4515:
4511:
4504:
4488:
4481:
4474:
4456:
4409:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4376:
4367:
4363:
4348:
4334:
4323:
4316:
4298:
4227:
4217:
4215:
4205:
4201:
4188:
4187:
4183:
4173:
4171:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4147:
4145:
4133:
4124:
4114:
4112:
4100:
4085:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4040:
4030:
4028:
4017:
4016:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3982:
3978:
3964:
3960:
3955:
3908:
3861:
3837:
3792:
3769:Bona Film Group
3753:Bona Film Group
3737:
3593:6,256 or 7,831
3576:4,723 or 6,323
3559:4,097 or 5,722
3542:3,527 or 5,630
3525:3,034 or 4,753
3463:
3456:
3451:
3442:
3441:(in billions of
3439:
3422:US$ 550 million
3421:
3417:
3414:US$ 548 million
3413:
3410:US$ 427 million
3409:
3357:
3352:
3246:Crouching Tiger
3146:Crouching Tiger
3103:
3015:Spicy Love Soup
2889:The Horse Thief
2883:
2878:
2820:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2785:
2769:
2758:
2735:
2714:
2689:
2638:
2633:
2625:Main articles:
2623:
2457:
2398:
2256:
2254:Other directors
2235:Wild Goose Lake
2185:
2076:So Long, My Son
2070:Beijing Bicycle
1900:
1892:
1884:
1801:
1672:Martin Scorsese
1617:scar literature
1569:
1493:
1491:Scar literature
1487:
1466:
1453:
1440:
1428:
1414:
1397:) at the time.
1394:
1390:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1355:
1350:
1330:Albanian cinema
1306:Chung Kuo, Cina
1281:Sent-down youth
1245:
1224:As part of the
1065:Havoc in Heaven
953:ethnic minority
870:Liberated China
857:
771:Chiang Kai-shek
715:
680:Soviet Red Army
631:Solitary Island
597:
428:
402:Spring on Stage
255:Motion pictures
244:Lady Meng Jiang
231:
215:
176:cinema of China
157:
89:
84:
41:Cinema of China
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12955:
12945:
12944:
12939:
12922:
12921:
12919:
12918:
12908:
12897:
12894:
12893:
12891:
12890:
12885:
12880:
12875:
12870:
12864:
12862:
12853:
12852:
12850:
12849:
12844:
12839:
12834:
12829:
12823:
12821:
12813:
12812:
12810:
12809:
12804:
12799:
12794:
12789:
12784:
12779:
12774:
12769:
12764:
12759:
12754:
12749:
12744:
12739:
12734:
12729:
12724:
12719:
12714:
12709:
12704:
12699:
12694:
12689:
12684:
12679:
12674:
12669:
12664:
12659:
12654:
12649:
12644:
12639:
12634:
12629:
12624:
12619:
12614:
12609:
12604:
12599:
12594:
12589:
12584:
12579:
12574:
12569:
12563:
12561:
12555:
12554:
12547:
12546:
12539:
12532:
12524:
12515:
12514:
12512:
12511:
12506:
12499:
12498:
12491:
12483:
12482:
12479:
12478:
12475:
12474:
12472:
12471:
12466:
12461:
12455:
12453:
12447:
12446:
12444:
12443:
12438:
12433:
12428:
12423:
12418:
12417:
12416:
12411:
12401:
12396:
12391:
12390:
12389:
12384:
12373:
12371:
12365:
12364:
12362:
12361:
12356:
12351:
12350:
12349:
12342:
12330:
12325:
12320:
12315:
12310:
12305:
12300:
12294:
12292:
12286:
12285:
12282:
12281:
12279:
12278:
12273:
12268:
12263:
12258:
12253:
12248:
12243:
12238:
12233:
12228:
12223:
12218:
12213:
12208:
12206:Four Gentlemen
12203:
12198:
12192:
12190:
12189:Fours of China
12183:
12182:
12177:
12172:
12167:
12162:
12157:
12152:
12147:
12142:
12137:
12132:
12127:
12126:
12125:
12115:
12110:
12105:
12100:
12095:
12090:
12085:
12080:
12074:
12072:
12066:
12065:
12063:
12062:
12057:
12052:
12047:
12046:
12045:
12035:
12034:
12033:
12028:
12023:
12018:
12008:
12003:
12002:
12001:
11991:
11986:
11981:
11976:
11975:
11974:
11969:
11959:
11954:
11953:
11952:
11947:
11946:
11945:
11930:
11925:
11924:
11923:
11913:
11912:
11911:
11906:
11901:
11891:
11886:
11881:
11875:
11869:
11863:
11862:
11859:
11858:
11856:
11855:
11850:
11845:
11840:
11838:Civil aviation
11835:
11829:
11827:
11821:
11820:
11818:
11817:
11812:
11811:
11810:
11800:
11799:
11798:
11787:
11785:
11784:Infrastructure
11781:
11780:
11778:
11777:
11772:
11767:
11762:
11757:
11752:
11751:
11750:
11745:
11740:
11738:Semiconductors
11735:
11730:
11720:
11718:Historical GDP
11715:
11710:
11705:
11704:
11703:
11698:
11693:
11683:
11682:
11681:
11671:
11670:
11669:
11664:
11654:
11649:
11648:
11647:
11637:
11632:
11626:
11620:
11614:
11613:
11610:
11609:
11607:
11606:
11605:
11604:
11594:
11593:
11592:
11582:
11581:
11580:
11575:
11570:
11565:
11560:
11550:
11545:
11540:
11534:
11532:
11526:
11525:
11523:
11522:
11517:
11516:
11515:
11510:
11500:
11499:
11498:
11496:Vice President
11488:
11487:
11486:
11476:
11475:
11474:
11473:
11472:
11462:
11461:
11460:
11455:
11440:
11435:
11434:
11433:
11423:
11418:
11413:
11408:
11407:
11406:
11396:
11391:
11385:
11383:
11377:
11376:
11373:
11372:
11370:
11369:
11364:
11359:
11354:
11353:
11352:
11342:
11341:
11340:
11335:
11325:
11319:
11317:
11304:
11298:
11297:
11294:
11293:
11291:
11290:
11285:
11280:
11275:
11269:
11267:
11261:
11260:
11257:
11256:
11254:
11253:
11252:
11251:
11246:
11236:
11231:
11226:
11224:National parks
11221:
11216:
11211:
11206:
11204:Climate policy
11201:
11199:Climate change
11195:
11193:
11187:
11186:
11184:
11183:
11182:
11181:
11176:
11171:
11166:
11158:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11138:
11133:
11127:
11125:
11121:
11120:
11118:
11117:
11112:
11107:
11105:Central Plains
11094:
11089:
11088:
11087:
11082:
11072:
11067:
11062:
11057:
11052:
11047:
11042:
11036:
11034:
11030:
11029:
11027:
11026:
11025:
11024:
11019:
11009:
11008:
11007:
11002:
10992:
10987:
10982:
10976:
10974:
10965:
10964:
10959:
10954:
10952:Extreme points
10949:
10943:
10937:
10931:
10930:
10927:
10926:
10924:
10923:
10922:
10921:
10916:
10911:
10906:
10901:
10891:
10890:
10889:
10884:
10874:
10868:
10866:
10860:
10859:
10857:
10856:
10855:
10854:
10849:
10844:
10834:
10829:
10824:
10819:
10814:
10809:
10804:
10799:
10794:
10789:
10784:
10779:
10778:
10777:
10772:
10767:
10760:Three Kingdoms
10757:
10752:
10746:
10744:
10738:
10737:
10735:
10734:
10733:
10732:
10730:Warring States
10727:
10722:
10712:
10711:
10710:
10700:
10694:
10692:
10686:
10685:
10683:
10682:
10681:
10680:
10675:
10670:
10660:
10654:
10652:
10646:
10645:
10643:
10642:
10637:
10632:
10627:
10622:
10621:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10602:
10597:
10592:
10590:Historiography
10587:
10582:
10576:
10574:
10567:
10561:
10560:
10549:
10548:
10541:
10534:
10526:
10517:
10516:
10514:
10513:
10499:
10484:
10481:
10480:
10478:
10477:
10472:
10467:
10465:Kurdish cinema
10462:
10457:
10455:Balochi cinema
10452:
10446:
10444:
10438:
10437:
10435:
10434:
10429:
10424:
10419:
10413:
10411:
10405:
10404:
10401:
10400:
10398:
10397:
10392:
10387:
10382:
10372:
10367:
10362:
10357:
10352:
10347:
10342:
10336:
10334:
10328:
10327:
10325:
10324:
10323:
10322:
10312:
10307:
10302:
10297:
10292:
10287:
10282:
10281:
10280:
10269:
10267:
10258:
10254:
10253:
10250:
10249:
10247:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10231:
10230:
10229:
10219:
10214:
10209:
10203:
10201:
10197:
10196:
10194:
10193:
10192:
10191:
10186:
10176:
10171:
10170:
10169:
10159:
10154:
10149:
10144:
10139:
10134:
10129:
10124:
10119:
10114:
10108:
10106:
10102:
10101:
10099:
10098:
10097:
10096:
10091:
10086:
10079:United Kingdom
10076:
10071:
10066:
10061:
10056:
10051:
10046:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10025:
10023:
10019:
10018:
10016:
10015:
10010:
10005:
10004:
10003:
9998:
9996:Russian Empire
9988:
9983:
9978:
9973:
9968:
9966:Czech Republic
9963:
9958:
9952:
9950:
9943:
9937:
9936:
9933:
9932:
9930:
9929:
9928:
9927:
9922:
9920:Russian Empire
9911:
9909:
9905:
9904:
9902:
9901:
9896:
9891:
9886:
9881:
9876:
9871:
9866:
9861:
9856:
9851:
9846:
9845:
9844:
9834:
9829:
9824:
9819:
9814:
9809:
9804:
9798:
9796:
9790:
9789:
9787:
9786:
9781:
9776:
9771:
9766:
9761:
9755:
9753:
9747:
9746:
9744:
9743:
9738:
9733:
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8888:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8837:
8835:
8833:Films by genre
8829:
8828:
8826:
8825:
8820:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8799:
8793:
8781:
8780:
8778:
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8703:
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8692:
8691:
8684:
8677:
8669:
8663:
8662:
8654:
8649:
8644:
8632:
8631:External links
8629:
8628:
8627:
8608:
8596:
8590:
8584:
8577:
8570:
8563:
8554:
8547:
8544:
8537:
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8523:
8514:
8507:
8493:
8476:
8471:Laikwan Pang,
8469:
8459:
8452:
8421:
8408:
8393:
8386:
8379:
8372:
8358:
8349:
8346:
8344:
8343:
8337:
8320:
8314:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8292:
8291:
8280:. 29 July 2012
8265:
8254:. 29 July 2012
8239:
8211:
8186:
8161:
8136:
8096:
8065:
8030:
7995:
7975:
7944:
7911:
7874:
7833:
7794:
7755:
7720:
7674:
7641:
7635:978-0393292398
7634:
7609:
7581:
7555:
7524:
7493:
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7379:
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7286:
7248:
7215:
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7182:
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6974:
6946:
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6906:
6888:
6876:
6862:
6853:
6828:
6825:. p. 134.
6809:
6786:
6765:
6734:
6723:. 4 April 2014
6708:
6697:. 1 April 2011
6682:
6657:
6626:
6592:
6562:
6531:
6519:New York Times
6505:
6493:Electric Sheep
6479:
6472:
6452:
6426:
6392:
6363:
6357:The New Yorker
6350:(4 May 2009).
6339:
6313:
6300:
6287:
6274:
6255:(2): 166–218.
6239:
6228:(2): 127–145.
6212:
6197:
6179:
6166:
6139:(6): 523–537.
6123:
6116:
6098:
6091:
6073:
6051:
6044:
6022:
5995:
5982:
5943:
5936:
5910:
5882:
5854:
5824:
5790:
5783:
5759:
5736:
5708:
5701:
5695:. p. 22.
5677:
5670:
5652:
5645:
5614:
5593:
5586:
5576:. Ithaca, NY:
5559:
5546:
5539:
5521:
5514:
5496:
5483:
5470:
5463:
5445:
5438:
5416:
5403:
5396:
5378:
5365:
5354:. China.org.cn
5342:
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5134:
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5041:
5027:
5000:
4973:
4959:
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4931:
4913:
4895:
4881:
4850:
4844:Laikwan Pang,
4837:
4812:
4787:
4761:
4747:
4740:
4722:
4709:"Zhou Xuan 周璇"
4700:
4675:
4653:
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3994:
3985:
3976:
3969:Adaptation of
3957:
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3934:
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3919:
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3903:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3865:Cinema of Asia
3860:
3857:
3842:Kung Fu Hustle
3836:
3833:
3781:Huayi Brothers
3736:
3735:Film companies
3733:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3713:
3712:
3709:
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3480:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3453:
3448:
3436:
3402:movie theaters
3374:21.8 billion (
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3260:), Hong Kong (
3216:Forbidden City
3122:Huang Xiaoming
3102:
3099:
3070:, directed by
2932:Southeast Asia
2923:Shaolin Temple
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2822:
2821:
2772:
2770:
2763:
2757:
2754:
2734:
2731:
2713:
2710:
2688:
2685:
2654:animated short
2637:
2634:
2622:
2619:
2604:Fortune Teller
2456:
2453:
2418:The Other Half
2397:
2394:
2255:
2252:
2200:A Touch of Sin
2184:
2181:
2122:A Touch of Sin
1988:Takeshi Kitano
1930:Wang Xiaoshuai
1885:
1883:
1880:
1800:
1797:
1568:
1565:
1486:
1483:
1360:film festivals
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1338:Albanian films
1244:
1241:
1083:Films such as
1040:Animated films
990:lantern slides
894:People's Daily
856:
853:
739:Kunlun Studios
714:
711:
626:or Hong Kong.
596:
593:
474:The Great Road
427:
424:
363:Laborer's Love
313:Zhang Shichuan
309:Zheng Zhengqiu
270:cinematography
230:
227:
170:
169:
166:
165:National films
162:
161:
154:
150:
149:
145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
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124:
123:
120:
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108:
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66:
65:
62:
52:
51:
43:
42:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12954:
12943:
12942:Arts in China
12940:
12938:
12935:
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12917:
12913:
12909:
12907:
12899:
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12874:
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12845:
12843:
12842:South Ossetia
12840:
12838:
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12814:
12808:
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12419:
12415:
12414:Protestantism
12412:
12410:
12407:
12406:
12405:
12402:
12400:
12399:Folk religion
12397:
12395:
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12388:
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12303:Ethnic groups
12301:
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12219:
12217:
12216:Four Beauties
12214:
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12067:
12061:
12058:
12056:
12055:Urban society
12053:
12051:
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12040:
12039:
12036:
12032:
12029:
12027:
12024:
12022:
12019:
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12014:
12013:
12012:
12011:Social issues
12009:
12007:
12004:
12000:
11997:
11996:
11995:
11992:
11990:
11989:Rural society
11987:
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11900:
11897:
11896:
11895:
11892:
11890:
11889:Chinese Dream
11887:
11885:
11882:
11880:
11877:
11876:
11873:
11870:
11868:
11864:
11854:
11853:Space program
11851:
11849:
11846:
11844:
11841:
11839:
11836:
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11831:
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11509:
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11504:
11503:State Council
11501:
11497:
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11389:Civil service
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11023:
11020:
11018:
11015:
11014:
11013:
11010:
11006:
11003:
11001:
10998:
10997:
10996:
10995:South Central
10993:
10991:
10988:
10986:
10983:
10981:
10978:
10977:
10975:
10973:
10969:
10963:
10960:
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10808:
10805:
10803:
10800:
10798:
10795:
10793:
10790:
10788:
10785:
10783:
10782:Jin (266–420)
10780:
10776:
10773:
10771:
10768:
10766:
10763:
10762:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10747:
10745:
10743:
10739:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10718:
10717:
10716:
10713:
10709:
10706:
10705:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10695:
10693:
10691:
10687:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10665:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10655:
10653:
10651:
10647:
10641:
10638:
10636:
10633:
10631:
10628:
10626:
10625:Ethnic groups
10623:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10605:
10603:
10601:
10598:
10596:
10593:
10591:
10588:
10586:
10583:
10581:
10578:
10577:
10575:
10571:
10568:
10566:
10562:
10558:
10554:
10547:
10542:
10540:
10535:
10533:
10528:
10527:
10524:
10512:
10511:
10506:
10500:
10498:
10497:
10486:
10485:
10482:
10476:
10473:
10471:
10470:Latin America
10468:
10466:
10463:
10461:
10458:
10456:
10453:
10451:
10448:
10447:
10445:
10439:
10433:
10430:
10428:
10425:
10423:
10420:
10418:
10415:
10414:
10412:
10410:
10406:
10396:
10393:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10380:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10363:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10337:
10335:
10333:
10329:
10321:
10318:
10317:
10316:
10315:United States
10313:
10311:
10308:
10306:
10303:
10301:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10279:
10276:
10275:
10274:
10271:
10270:
10268:
10266:
10262:
10259:
10255:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10228:
10225:
10224:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10204:
10202:
10198:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10181:
10180:
10177:
10175:
10172:
10168:
10165:
10164:
10163:
10160:
10158:
10155:
10153:
10150:
10148:
10145:
10143:
10140:
10138:
10135:
10133:
10130:
10128:
10125:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10109:
10107:
10103:
10095:
10092:
10090:
10087:
10085:
10082:
10081:
10080:
10077:
10075:
10072:
10070:
10067:
10065:
10062:
10060:
10057:
10055:
10052:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10039:Faroe Islands
10037:
10035:
10032:
10030:
10027:
10026:
10024:
10020:
10014:
10011:
10009:
10006:
10002:
9999:
9997:
9994:
9993:
9992:
9989:
9987:
9984:
9982:
9979:
9977:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9954:
9953:
9951:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9938:
9926:
9923:
9921:
9918:
9917:
9916:
9913:
9912:
9910:
9906:
9900:
9897:
9895:
9892:
9890:
9887:
9885:
9882:
9880:
9877:
9875:
9872:
9870:
9867:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9847:
9843:
9840:
9839:
9838:
9835:
9833:
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9818:
9815:
9813:
9810:
9808:
9805:
9803:
9800:
9799:
9797:
9795:
9791:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9757:
9756:
9754:
9752:
9748:
9742:
9739:
9737:
9734:
9732:
9729:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9719:
9717:
9714:
9712:
9709:
9707:
9704:
9702:
9699:
9698:
9696:
9694:
9690:
9684:
9681:
9677:
9674:
9673:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9645:
9642:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9585:
9582:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9565:
9564:Chhattisgarhi
9562:
9560:
9557:
9555:
9552:
9550:
9547:
9546:
9545:
9542:
9540:
9537:
9535:
9532:
9531:
9529:
9527:
9523:
9517:
9514:
9512:
9509:
9505:
9502:
9500:
9497:
9496:
9495:
9492:
9490:
9487:
9485:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9476:
9474:
9472:
9468:
9465:
9463:
9459:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9435:
9433:
9429:
9423:
9420:
9418:
9415:
9413:
9410:
9408:
9405:
9403:
9400:
9398:
9395:
9393:
9390:
9389:
9387:
9383:
9377:
9374:
9372:
9369:
9367:
9364:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9354:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9334:
9333:
9331:
9327:
9321:
9318:
9316:
9313:
9311:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9257:
9255:
9251:
9245:
9242:
9240:
9237:
9235:
9232:
9230:
9227:
9225:
9222:
9221:
9219:
9215:
9212:
9210:
9206:
9200:
9197:
9196:
9193:
9189:
9182:
9177:
9175:
9170:
9168:
9163:
9162:
9159:
9143:
9140:
9138:
9135:
9133:
9130:
9128:
9125:
9123:
9120:
9118:
9115:
9113:
9110:
9108:
9105:
9103:
9100:
9098:
9095:
9093:
9090:
9088:
9085:
9083:
9080:
9078:
9075:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9028:
9025:
9023:
9020:
9018:
9015:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8995:
8993:
8990:
8988:
8985:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8969:
8967:
8965:
8964:Films by year
8961:
8955:
8952:
8950:
8947:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8915:
8912:
8910:
8907:
8906:
8904:
8902:
8898:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8838:
8836:
8834:
8830:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8800:
8797:
8794:
8786:
8782:
8776:
8775:Screenwriters
8773:
8771:
8768:
8766:
8763:
8759:
8756:
8755:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8735:
8733:
8729:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8708:
8705:
8704:
8701:
8697:
8690:
8685:
8683:
8678:
8676:
8671:
8670:
8667:
8661:
8660:
8655:
8653:
8650:
8648:
8645:
8642:
8638:
8635:
8634:
8625:
8624:0-231-52744-6
8621:
8617:
8613:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8600:
8597:
8594:
8591:
8588:
8585:
8582:
8578:
8575:
8571:
8568:
8564:
8562:
8559:
8555:
8552:
8548:
8545:
8542:
8538:
8535:
8532:
8528:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8515:
8512:
8508:
8504:
8500:
8496:
8490:
8486:
8482:
8477:
8474:
8470:
8467:
8463:
8460:
8457:
8453:
8449:
8445:
8441:
8437:
8433:
8429:
8428:
8422:
8411:
8405:
8401:
8400:
8394:
8391:
8387:
8384:
8380:
8377:
8373:
8370:
8366:
8362:
8359:
8356:
8352:
8351:
8340:
8334:
8329:
8328:
8321:
8317:
8311:
8307:
8302:
8301:
8279:
8275:
8269:
8253:
8249:
8243:
8228:
8227:
8222:
8215:
8200:
8196:
8190:
8175:
8171:
8165:
8150:
8146:
8140:
8132:
8126:
8111:
8107:
8100:
8085:
8081:
8074:
8072:
8070:
8054:
8053:
8048:
8041:
8039:
8037:
8035:
8019:
8018:
8013:
8006:
8004:
8002:
8000:
7991:
7990:
7985:
7979:
7964:
7963:
7958:
7951:
7949:
7932:
7928:
7927:
7922:
7915:
7899:
7895:
7889:
7887:
7885:
7883:
7881:
7879:
7862:
7858:
7854:
7848:
7846:
7844:
7842:
7840:
7838:
7821:
7817:
7813:
7807:
7805:
7803:
7801:
7799:
7782:
7778:
7772:
7770:
7768:
7766:
7764:
7762:
7760:
7743:
7739:
7735:
7729:
7727:
7725:
7708:
7704:
7697:
7695:
7693:
7691:
7689:
7687:
7685:
7683:
7681:
7679:
7662:
7658:
7657:
7652:
7645:
7637:
7631:
7627:
7623:
7619:
7613:
7598:
7597:
7592:
7585:
7570:
7566:
7559:
7544:
7543:
7538:
7531:
7529:
7513:
7512:
7507:
7500:
7498:
7482:
7481:
7476:
7469:
7461:
7455:
7439:
7438:
7433:
7426:
7418:
7412:
7396:
7395:
7390:
7383:
7367:
7363:
7356:
7340:
7336:
7335:
7330:
7323:
7307:
7303:
7302:
7297:
7290:
7274:
7270:
7269:
7264:
7257:
7255:
7253:
7236:
7232:
7231:
7226:
7219:
7203:
7199:
7193:
7185:
7179:
7175:
7171:
7164:
7149:
7145:
7138:
7123:
7122:
7117:
7110:
7095:
7094:
7089:
7082:
7066:
7062:
7061:
7056:
7049:
7034:
7033:
7028:
7021:
7013:
7006:
6991:
6990:
6985:
6978:
6963:
6962:
6961:New Statesman
6957:
6950:
6935:
6931:
6925:
6917:
6910:
6904:
6900:
6897:
6892:
6885:
6880:
6872:
6866:
6857:
6842:
6838:
6832:
6824:
6820:
6813:
6805:
6800:
6799:
6790:
6782:
6781:
6776:
6769:
6753:
6749:
6745:
6738:
6722:
6718:
6712:
6696:
6692:
6686:
6671:
6667:
6661:
6645:
6641:
6637:
6630:
6615:
6611:
6607:
6603:
6596:
6580:
6576:
6572:
6566:
6550:
6546:
6542:
6535:
6520:
6516:
6509:
6494:
6490:
6483:
6475:
6469:
6465:
6464:
6456:
6441:
6437:
6430:
6414:
6410:
6406:
6399:
6397:
6381:
6379:
6370:
6368:
6359:
6358:
6353:
6349:
6343:
6327:
6323:
6317:
6310:
6304:
6297:
6291:
6284:
6278:
6270:
6266:
6262:
6258:
6254:
6250:
6243:
6235:
6231:
6227:
6223:
6216:
6208:
6204:
6200:
6194:
6190:
6183:
6176:
6170:
6162:
6158:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6138:
6134:
6127:
6119:
6113:
6109:
6102:
6094:
6088:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6058:
6056:
6047:
6045:9781350374645
6041:
6037:
6033:
6026:
6010:
6006:
5999:
5992:
5986:
5978:
5974:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5958:
5954:
5947:
5939:
5933:
5929:
5925:
5921:
5914:
5898:
5897:
5892:
5886:
5878:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5865:
5858:
5842:
5841:
5836:
5828:
5812:
5808:
5804:
5800:
5794:
5786:
5780:
5776:
5772:
5771:
5763:
5743:
5739:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5720:
5712:
5704:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5689:
5681:
5673:
5667:
5663:
5656:
5648:
5646:9781760462499
5642:
5638:
5634:
5627:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5619:
5611:
5610:0-415-15168-6
5607:
5603:
5597:
5589:
5587:9781501774157
5583:
5579:
5575:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5556:
5550:
5542:
5536:
5532:
5525:
5517:
5511:
5507:
5500:
5493:
5487:
5480:
5474:
5466:
5460:
5456:
5449:
5441:
5439:9781469664606
5435:
5431:
5427:
5420:
5413:
5407:
5399:
5393:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5369:
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5332:
5328:
5321:
5319:
5311:
5305:
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5289:
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5285:
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5213:
5209:
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5188:
5184:
5177:
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5148:
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5125:
5110:
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5099:
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5079:
5073:
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5059:
5051:
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5037:
5031:
5015:
5011:
5004:
4988:
4984:
4977:
4969:
4963:
4955:
4949:
4941:
4935:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4909:
4905:
4904:"Li Lili 黎莉莉"
4899:
4891:
4885:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4854:
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4826:
4822:
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4765:
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4737:
4733:
4726:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4704:
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4692:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4671:
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4628:
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4608:
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4595:
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4530:
4528:
4519:
4513:
4505:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4486:
4484:
4475:
4473:9780231204477
4469:
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4450:
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4392:
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4371:
4365:
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4339:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4326:
4317:
4315:9780231206273
4311:
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4280:
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4026:
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4020:
4014:
4010:
3989:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3962:
3958:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
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3925:
3923:
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3898:
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3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3847:
3844:; and 2010's
3843:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3790:
3786:
3785:cinema chains
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3749:Enlight Media
3746:
3742:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3572:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3558:
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3552:
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3541:
3538:
3535:
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3516:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3461:
3458:(in millions)
3454:
3449:
3445:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3428:
3425:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3398:Greater China
3395:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3362:In 1998, the
3360:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3279:Lust, Caution
3275:
3274:Michelle Yeoh
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3201:The Road Home
3197:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3163:Maggie Cheung
3160:
3156:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3132:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3107:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2988:James Cameron
2983:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2972:Jacqueline Wu
2969:
2968:Rosamund Kwan
2965:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2944:Feng Xiaogang
2941:
2939:
2938:
2937:Murder in 405
2933:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2854:
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2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2828:
2818:
2815:
2807:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2773:This section
2771:
2767:
2762:
2761:
2756:2010s–present
2753:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2741:
2740:Lotus Lantern
2730:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2709:
2707:
2706:Heavenly Book
2703:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2657:
2655:
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2647:
2643:
2632:
2628:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2526:
2525:Three Sisters
2521:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2463:'s 70-minute
2462:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2420:
2419:
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2408:
2404:
2393:
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2387:
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2380:
2375:
2371:
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2366:
2361:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2328:Jasmine Women
2324:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2260:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2160:Summer Palace
2156:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2056:globalization
2053:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1942:'s hand-held
1941:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1921:cinéma vérité
1918:
1914:
1913:digital video
1910:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1889:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1843:The Opium War
1839:
1838:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1789:United States
1784:
1782:
1781:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1721:Huang Jianxin
1718:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1623:
1622:One and Eight
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1601:Zhang Junzhao
1598:
1594:
1590:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1564:
1562:
1561:The Blue Kite
1556:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1517:Deng Xiaoping
1514:
1513:
1512:The Blue Kite
1508:
1504:
1503:
1502:Hibiscus Town
1498:
1492:
1485:"Scar dramas"
1482:
1480:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1445:Japanese film
1438:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1398:
1388:
1384:
1363:
1361:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1265:doubled. The
1262:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1017:to study the
1016:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1002:
998:
993:
991:
987:
984:
980:
975:
973:
968:
964:
960:
956:
954:
950:
944:
941:
936:
930:
928:
924:
920:
919:
914:
913:
906:
904:
900:
896:
895:
890:
889:
882:
880:
876:
872:
871:
866:
862:
852:
850:
846:
845:
840:
836:
832:
827:
823:
822:
817:
813:
810:(1947), like
809:
808:
803:
802:
797:
793:
792:
787:
782:
780:
776:
772:
768:
767:
762:
758:
757:
752:
751:
746:
745:
740:
736:
727:
723:
719:
710:
708:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
666:
665:Yan'an Soviet
661:
658:
656:
655:
650:
646:
645:
640:
636:
632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
605:
601:
592:
590:
586:
582:
581:
576:
575:
570:
569:
564:
563:
558:
557:
552:
551:
546:
545:
544:Love and Duty
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
516:
515:
510:
506:
502:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
480:
475:
471:
467:
466:
461:
457:
456:
451:
443:
442:
441:Love and Duty
437:
432:
423:
419:
417:
416:Street Angels
413:
412:
407:
403:
399:
396:
395:sound-on-film
392:
391:disc-recorded
388:
384:
381:
377:
376:
371:
370:
365:
364:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
342:
337:
332:
328:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:
279:
275:
271:
267:
266:Louis Lumière
262:
260:
256:
250:
246:
245:
240:
235:
226:
224:
219:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:film industry
181:
177:
167:
163:
155:
151:
146:
142:
138:
135:1,370,000,000
134:
130:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
96:
92:
87:
82:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:86,300 (2023)
63:
61:
53:
49:
44:
39:
36:
32:
27:
19:
12857:Dependencies
12787:Turkmenistan
12752:Saudi Arabia
12606:
12404:Christianity
12394:Confucianism
12354:Urbanization
12290:Demographics
12266:Gang of Four
12231:Four Symbols
12130:Martial arts
12097:
11904:Prostitution
11791:Architecture
11645:Central bank
11513:Vice Premier
11465:United front
11394:Constitution
11350:Penal system
11328:Human rights
11265:Subdivisions
11103: /
11099: /
11022:Southwestern
11017:Northwestern
10720:Western Zhou
10668:Yellow River
10618:1949–present
10501:
10487:
10475:Soviet Union
10227:German Turks
10001:Soviet Union
9925:Soviet Union
9879:Saudi Arabia
9779:Turkmenistan
9693:Southeastern
9478:
9448:South Africa
9341:Burkina Faso
9188:World cinema
8808:Silent films
8695:
8658:
8611:
8602:
8580:
8573:
8566:
8557:
8550:
8549:Gary G. Xu,
8540:
8526:
8517:
8510:
8484:
8472:
8465:
8455:
8434:(1): 49–65.
8431:
8425:
8413:. Retrieved
8398:
8389:
8388:Dai Jinhua,
8382:
8381:Shuqin Cui,
8375:
8374:Cheng, Jim,
8364:
8354:
8326:
8305:
8282:. Retrieved
8277:
8268:
8256:. Retrieved
8251:
8242:
8230:. Retrieved
8224:
8214:
8202:. Retrieved
8198:
8189:
8177:. Retrieved
8173:
8164:
8152:. Retrieved
8148:
8139:
8113:. Retrieved
8109:
8099:
8087:. Retrieved
8083:
8056:. Retrieved
8050:
8021:. Retrieved
8015:
7987:
7978:
7966:. Retrieved
7960:
7935:. Retrieved
7931:the original
7924:
7914:
7902:. Retrieved
7898:the original
7865:. Retrieved
7861:the original
7824:. Retrieved
7820:the original
7785:. Retrieved
7781:the original
7746:. Retrieved
7742:the original
7711:. Retrieved
7707:the original
7665:. Retrieved
7654:
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7612:
7600:. Retrieved
7594:
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7572:. Retrieved
7568:
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7546:. Retrieved
7540:
7515:. Retrieved
7509:
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7478:
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7435:
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7392:
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7370:. Retrieved
7366:the original
7355:
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7339:the original
7332:
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7310:. Retrieved
7306:the original
7299:
7289:
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7273:the original
7266:
7241:14 September
7239:. Retrieved
7235:the original
7228:
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7202:the original
7192:
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7151:. Retrieved
7147:
7137:
7125:. Retrieved
7119:
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7097:. Retrieved
7091:
7081:
7069:. Retrieved
7065:the original
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7048:
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7030:
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6987:
6977:
6965:. Retrieved
6959:
6949:
6937:. Retrieved
6933:
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6840:
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6768:
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6752:the original
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6737:
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6720:
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6699:. Retrieved
6694:
6685:
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6669:
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6644:the original
6639:
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6583:. Retrieved
6579:the original
6574:
6565:
6553:. Retrieved
6549:the original
6544:
6534:
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6518:
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6492:
6482:
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6455:
6443:. Retrieved
6439:
6429:
6417:. Retrieved
6413:the original
6408:
6383:. Retrieved
6377:
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6342:
6330:. Retrieved
6325:
6316:
6308:
6303:
6295:
6290:
6282:
6277:
6252:
6248:
6242:
6225:
6222:Perfect Beat
6221:
6215:
6188:
6182:
6174:
6169:
6136:
6132:
6126:
6107:
6101:
6082:
6076:
6068:The Guardian
6066:
6031:
6025:
6013:. Retrieved
6009:the original
5998:
5990:
5985:
5960:
5956:
5946:
5923:
5913:
5901:. Retrieved
5894:
5885:
5876:
5868:
5863:
5857:
5845:. Retrieved
5838:
5827:
5821:people.]
5810:
5802:
5793:
5769:
5762:
5750:27.9 billion
5741:
5723:
5719:中国影视投融资的产业透视
5718:
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5345:
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5212:the original
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5186:
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5146:
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5108:
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5082:the original
5072:
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5014:the original
5003:
4991:. Retrieved
4987:the original
4976:
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4934:
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4884:
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4868:the original
4863:
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4840:
4828:. Retrieved
4824:
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4803:. Retrieved
4799:
4790:
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4774:
4764:
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4731:
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4611:the original
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4572:the original
4562:
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4546:the original
4512:
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4212:
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4172:. Retrieved
4167:
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4140:
4113:. Retrieved
4109:china.org.cn
4107:
4074:. Retrieved
4067:the original
4029:. Retrieved
4022:
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3988:
3979:
3970:
3966:
3961:
3885:Kung Fu film
3850:
3845:
3841:
3838:
3738:
3455:Tickets sold
3426:
3406:
3379:
3369:
3361:
3358:
3321:
3315:
3311:The Warlords
3309:
3303:
3297:
3291:
3277:
3262:Chow Yun-Fat
3245:
3241:
3237:
3235:
3226:Jiang Qinqin
3205:
3199:
3195:Suzhou River
3193:
3187:
3181:
3179:
3170:
3152:
3150:
3145:
3138:
3127:
3093:directed by
3088:
3082:
3080:
3076:Monster Hunt
3075:
3072:Stephen Chow
3065:
3061:Monster Hunt
3059:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3035:
3029:
3019:
3013:
3007:
2997:
2991:
2984:
2953:
2947:
2942:
2935:
2921:
2903:
2897:
2887:
2884:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2855:
2849:
2842:
2838:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2810:
2801:
2786:Please help
2774:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2726:Avanti Story
2725:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2705:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2678:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2646:Wan brothers
2639:
2612:
2602:
2592:
2582:
2572:
2569:Huang Weikai
2554:
2548:
2541:
2536:
2529:
2523:
2517:
2511:
2505:
2499:
2493:
2486:
2474:
2464:
2458:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2426:
2416:
2410:
2399:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2363:
2357:
2350:
2336:
2326:
2312:
2298:
2292:
2285:
2272:
2266:
2257:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2219:
2211:
2207:
2206:in 2002 and
2203:
2199:
2194:
2186:
2174:
2168:
2158:
2154:Suzhou River
2152:
2142:
2132:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2102:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2074:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2049:
2043:
2030:
2023:
2017:
2014:Three Gorges
2009:
2001:
1996:was shot on
1991:
1981:
1979:
1968:
1943:
1933:
1901:
1891:
1887:
1861:
1851:
1841:
1835:
1824:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1785:
1778:
1772:
1761:
1753:
1749:Zhou Xiaowen
1730:
1724:
1717:black comedy
1714:
1704:, and three
1699:
1689:
1679:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:Yellow Earth
1632:
1628:Yellow Earth
1626:
1620:
1585:
1560:
1557:
1546:
1545:, 1980) and
1534:Evening Rain
1532:
1510:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1475:martial arts
1471:
1460:
1447:
1436:
1423:
1419:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1393:) and ¥0.3 (
1375:23.4 billion
1367:29.3 billion
1364:
1356:
1327:
1315:Yan'an Talks
1304:
1298:
1291:
1288:Gang of Four
1285:
1279:
1271:
1263:
1256:
1246:
1234:
1229:
1223:
1215:
1208:
1207:(1963), and
1202:
1196:
1190:
1172:
1171:(1961), and
1166:
1160:
1146:
1132:
1118:
1112:
1102:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1074:Wan Brothers
1063:
1052:shadow plays
1029:
1008:
994:
976:
969:
965:
961:
957:
945:
931:
916:
910:
907:
892:
886:
883:
874:
868:
864:
858:
842:
830:
819:
816:Eileen Chang
811:
805:
799:
798:, 1947) and
795:
789:
783:
774:
764:
760:
759:(1949), and
754:
748:
742:
735:Cai Chusheng
731:
725:
724:in the film
722:Wang Danfeng
704:
677:
672:
662:
659:
652:
642:
638:
628:
609:
585:Nationalists
580:Street Angel
578:
577:(1937), and
572:
566:
560:
554:
548:
542:
520:
514:The Big Road
512:
492:
487:
483:
479:The Big Road
477:
473:
468:(1934), and
463:
453:
447:
439:
434:20-year-old
420:
415:
409:
405:
401:
387:Pathé Frères
382:
373:
367:
361:
353:
345:
339:
336:martial arts
333:
329:
325:
317:Yan Ruisheng
316:
302:
300:
281:
278:Peking opera
263:
259:treaty ports
253:
242:
220:
175:
173:
35:
26:
18:Chinese film
12916:Asia portal
12817:States with
12737:Philippines
12677:South Korea
12672:North Korea
12567:Afghanistan
12170:Variety art
12165:Tea culture
12093:Calligraphy
12078:Archaeology
11938:Food safety
11733:Gold mining
11635:Aquaculture
11630:Agriculture
11590:Coast Guard
11357:Naming laws
11191:Environment
11179:South China
10658:Paleolithic
10650:Prehistoric
10608:before 1912
10460:Middle East
10427:New Zealand
10320:Puerto Rico
10244:Switzerland
10239:Netherlands
9759:Afghanistan
9726:Philippines
9295:South Sudan
8861:Documentary
8813:Short films
8284:12 November
8274:"July 2012"
8258:13 November
8248:"July 2012"
8204:12 November
8179:12 November
8154:12 November
8115:12 November
7937:14 February
7904:14 February
7867:14 February
7826:14 February
7787:14 February
7748:14 February
7713:14 February
7602:16 February
7548:31 December
7517:29 December
7444:19 December
7127:21 February
6989:China Daily
6758:10 December
6585:12 November
6575:gbtimes.com
6378:Blind Shaft
6332:13 November
6294:Rui Zhang,
6173:Rui Zhang,
5928:Hachette UK
5896:China Daily
5840:China Daily
5819:500 million
5815:700 million
5358:27 February
5263:. Seattle:
5192:30 December
5183:"Fei Mu 費穆"
4218:16 November
4024:variety.com
3880:Chinese art
3773:Wanda Media
3761:Huaxia Film
3472:less than 1
3320:(2009) and
3299:The Banquet
3293:The Promise
3264:), Taiwan (
3111:Jia Zhangke
3067:The Mermaid
3026:sleeper hit
3021:Crazy Stone
2850:White Snake
2847:and 《白蛇缘起》
2752:《喜羊羊与灰太狼》.
2733:1990s–2010s
2712:1980s–1990s
2687:1950s–1980s
2607:(2009) and
2579:Zhao Dayong
2528:(2012) and
2507:He Fengming
2461:Wu Wenguang
2431:(2004) and
2415:(2005) and
2305:Gu Changwei
2279:Gobi Desert
2271:(1991) and
2241:Night Train
2188:set up the
2045:Blind Shaft
2025:The Promise
2022:(2004) and
1926:Jia Zhangke
1895:Jia Zhangke
1858:Han Sanping
1810:main melody
1777:(1986) and
1765:Wu Tianming
1745:Li Shaohong
1694:, the 1993
1686:Golden Lion
1684:, the 1992
1681:Red Sorghum
1676:Golden Bear
1656:(1991) and
1605:Li Shaohong
1589:Zhang Yimou
1539:Wu Yonggang
1497:shānghén jù
1467:300 million
1458:Indian film
1454:330 million
1441:600 million
1435:(1981) and
1429: [
1415:700 million
1342:avant-garde
1311:reactionary
1141:story) and
1070:Wan Laiming
983:proletarian
915:(1949) and
867:(1950) and
796:Bu liaoqing
779:Zheng Junli
651:-promoting
550:Little Toys
527:Chen Yanyan
488:The Goddess
465:The Goddess
460:Wu Yonggang
450:Cheng Bugao
436:Ruan Lingyu
414:(1937) and
375:White Snake
354:Red Heroine
247:, starring
119:Documentary
12931:Categories
12797:Uzbekistan
12772:Tajikistan
12687:Kyrgyzstan
12667:Kazakhstan
12587:Bangladesh
12577:Azerbaijan
12431:Irreligion
12328:Statistics
12298:Emigration
12261:Four Wangs
12150:Philosophy
12135:Mass media
12118:Literature
12016:Patriarchy
11979:Propaganda
11899:Corruption
11884:Censorship
11674:E-commerce
11381:Government
11174:East China
11146:Waterfalls
11092:Peninsulas
11060:Grasslands
10450:Arab World
10285:Costa Rica
10234:Luxembourg
10167:Yugoslavia
10147:Montenegro
9807:Azerbaijan
9784:Uzbekistan
9774:Tajikistan
9769:Kyrgyzstan
9764:Kazakhstan
9639:Rajasthani
9534:Bangladesh
9346:Cape Verde
9280:Madagascar
8731:Filmmakers
7968:17 January
7312:January 6,
7279:January 6,
7208:5 February
7099:9 February
6846:28 January
6727:23 October
6701:23 October
6695:Talari.com
6670:Ent.qq.com
6348:Evan Osnos
6038:Academic.
6036:Bloomsbury
5754:70 million
4860:"Timeline"
4617:23 January
4213:Atimes.com
4076:15 October
4031:27 January
4000:References
3846:Aftershock
3763:(22.89%),
3390:Maoyan.com
3332:Zhang Ziyi
3266:Chang Chen
3258:Zhang Ziyi
3159:Zhang Ziyi
3133:'s period
3084:Prometheus
3042:Aftershock
3031:Aftershock
3004:Zhang Yang
2955:hesui pian
2869:Jiang Ziya
2704:and《天书奇谈》
2668:Snow White
2650:Wan Guchan
2589:Du Haibing
2584:Ghost Town
2561:Zhao Liang
2423:Liu Jiayin
2403:Ying Liang
2333:Xu Jinglei
2309:minimalist
2274:Sun Valley
2224:Diao Yinan
2198:Award for
2139:He Jianjun
2081:Zhang Yuan
2033:capitalist
2010:Still Life
2002:Still Life
1993:Still Life
1975:pickpocket
1953:subculture
1940:Zhang Yuan
1909:16 mm film
1904:censorship
1872:Liu Haoran
1756:long shots
1696:Palme d'Or
1666:audience.
1597:Chen Kaige
1489:See also:
1323:Zhou Enlai
1319:Jiang Qing
1096:After the
1046:, such as
1036:widescreen
935:Yuan Muzhi
927:Korean War
899:Mao Zedong
861:propaganda
849:color film
700:Chen Bo'er
696:Yuan Muzhi
639:Hua Mu Lan
635:Bu Wancang
589:Communists
574:Crossroads
380:sound film
229:Beginnings
190:under the
180:filmmaking
81:China Film
12883:Hong Kong
12837:Palestine
12762:Sri Lanka
12757:Singapore
12637:Indonesia
12318:Languages
12271:Four Olds
12226:Four arts
12113:Libraries
12043:Structure
12006:Sexuality
11943:incidents
11916:Education
11825:Transport
11701:Renewable
11696:Petroleum
11491:President
11458:Politburo
11411:Elections
11399:Democracy
11367:Terrorism
11115:Volcanoes
11097:Northeast
11075:Mountains
10985:Northeast
10935:Geography
10842:High Qing
10663:Neolithic
10635:Dynasties
10613:1912–1949
10604:Economic
10573:Overviews
10417:Australia
10395:Venezuela
10340:Argentina
10184:Catalonia
10064:Lithuania
9869:Palestine
9731:Singapore
9711:Indonesia
9683:Sri Lanka
9676:Lollywood
9614:Malayalam
9484:Hong Kong
9285:Mauritius
8851:Animation
8846:Adventure
8770:Producers
8753:Directors
8743:Animators
8712:Festivals
8462:Jay Leyda
8448:218771001
8058:1 January
7574:1 January
7486:9 October
7401:2 January
7345:6 January
6614:0362-4331
6261:1520-9857
6207:936371074
6161:144145010
6153:1527-4764
6061:Rose, S.
5977:952148126
5969:2385-7137
4993:18 August
4356:764377427
4148:1 January
4115:4 January
4005:Citations
3771:(5.99%),
3767:(7.75%),
3759:(32.8%),
3462:Number of
3323:Red Cliff
3288:East Asia
3270:Malaysian
3109:Director
3095:Frant Gwo
3009:Sunflower
2999:Confucius
2914:first run
2804:July 2023
2775:does not
2697:, 《哪吒闹海》
2621:Animation
2513:Crude Oil
2496:Wang Bing
2483:camcorder
2434:Oxhide II
2360:Jiang Wen
2179:, 2010).
2116:The World
2051:The World
1876:Lay Zhang
1868:Li Yifeng
1815:leitmotif
1806:zhǔxuánlǜ
1793:Australia
1555:, 1980).
1543:Wu Yigong
1469:tickets.
1179:Guangzhou
1048:papercuts
1044:folk arts
1005:newsreels
604:Zhou Xuan
556:New Women
531:Zhou Xuan
103:Fictional
12906:Category
12827:Abkhazia
12777:Thailand
12732:Pakistan
12712:Mongolia
12707:Maldives
12702:Malaysia
12602:Cambodia
12504:Category
12377:Buddhism
12369:Religion
12346:Post-90s
12339:Post-80s
12083:Archives
11950:HIV/AIDS
11921:Literacy
11879:Abortion
11808:Internet
11765:Taxation
11748:Textiles
11728:Chemical
11723:Industry
11652:Currency
11530:Military
11338:in Tibet
11302:Politics
11239:Wildlife
11151:Wetlands
10914:COVID-19
10742:Imperial
10640:Monarchs
10600:Language
10585:Timeline
10557:articles
10385:Suriname
10370:Paraguay
10360:Colombia
10257:Americas
10174:Slovenia
10157:Portugal
10105:Southern
10089:Scotland
10022:Northern
10008:Slovakia
9961:Bulgaria
9908:Northern
9736:Thailand
9721:Malaysia
9706:Cambodia
9671:Pakistan
9644:Sanskrit
9599:Kashmiri
9584:Haryanvi
9579:Gujarati
9559:Bhojpuri
9549:Assamese
9526:Southern
9511:Mongolia
9438:Botswana
9431:Southern
9412:Congo DR
9397:Cameroon
9320:Zimbabwe
9305:Tanzania
9270:Ethiopia
9260:Djibouti
9217:Northern
8909:pre-1930
8891:Thriller
8803:3D films
8599:Ying Zhu
8593:Ying Zhu
8587:Ying Zhu
8503:11965661
8466:Dianying
8361:Rey Chow
8232:14 April
8199:Statista
8174:Statista
8149:Statista
8125:cite web
8023:19 March
7661:Archived
7620:(2024).
7454:cite web
7411:cite web
6934:Cctv.com
6899:Archived
6650:April 3,
6555:28 April
6524:10 April
6269:43492536
6015:23 April
5903:29 March
5746:50 films
5152:23 March
5114:23 March
5088:25 April
5020:25 April
4830:23 March
4805:23 March
4780:23 March
4717:Archived
4695:Archived
4670:Archived
4578:24 April
4552:26 April
3859:See also
3779:(4.1%),
3775:(5.2%),
3464:screens
3450:Domestic
3350:Industry
3340:Zhou Xun
3336:Tang Wei
3314:(2007),
3308:(2006),
3305:Fearless
3302:(2006),
3296:(2005),
3006:'s 2005
2976:Rene Liu
2930:and the
2720:, 《黑猫警长》
2597:(2009),
2587:(2009),
2577:(2009),
2574:Disorder
2565:Behemoth
2559:(2010),
2522:(2009),
2516:(2008),
2510:(2007),
2372:held in
2352:So Young
2347:Zhao Wei
2323:Hou Yong
2300:Mr. Zhao
2173:, 2004;
2165:Lu Chuan
2110:Platform
2064:The Days
1998:HD video
1983:Platform
1957:Cui Jian
1935:The Days
1820:red song
1783:(1996).
1774:Old Well
1737:Wu Ziniu
1664:arthouse
1650:(1989),
1644:(1987),
1609:Wu Ziniu
1581:Shandong
1379:29 films
1371:30 films
1213:(1964).
1201:(1960),
1195:(1959),
1165:(1957),
1143:Shui Hua
1056:puppetry
999:and the
929:effort.
753:(1948),
747:(1947),
673:Nanniwan
654:Eternity
587:and the
571:(1934),
565:(1934),
559:(1934),
553:(1933),
547:(1931),
535:Zhao Dan
458:(1933),
358:Mingxing
344:(1928).
296:Far East
292:entrepot
274:Shanghai
202:and the
111:Animated
88:(22.89%)
12802:Vietnam
12717:Myanmar
12697:Lebanon
12627:Georgia
12582:Bahrain
12572:Armenia
12488:Outline
12451:Symbols
12308:Eunuchs
12155:Smoking
12103:Cuisine
12070:Culture
12060:Welfare
12031:Suicide
11999:history
11867:Society
11796:Housing
11770:Tourism
11755:Poverty
11640:Banking
11618:Economy
11597:Militia
11508:Premier
11110:Valleys
11070:Islands
11055:Deserts
11045:Canyons
11033:Terrain
11012:Western
11000:Central
10972:Regions
10957:Geology
10947:Borders
10690:Ancient
10673:Yangtze
10580:History
10565:History
10409:Oceania
10390:Uruguay
10379:Iquitos
10365:Ecuador
10345:Bolivia
10305:Jamaica
10222:Germany
10212:Belgium
10207:Austria
10200:Western
10189:Galicia
10122:Croatia
10112:Albania
10054:Ireland
10049:Iceland
10044:Finland
10034:Estonia
10029:Denmark
10013:Ukraine
9986:Romania
9976:Moldova
9971:Hungary
9956:Belarus
9949:Eastern
9859:Lebanon
9822:Georgia
9812:Bahrain
9802:Armenia
9794:Western
9751:Central
9741:Vietnam
9634:Punjabi
9624:Marathi
9609:Konkani
9594:Kannada
9569:Deccani
9554:Bengali
9471:Eastern
9443:Namibia
9385:Central
9371:Senegal
9366:Nigeria
9356:Liberia
9329:Western
9290:Somalia
9265:Eritrea
9253:Eastern
9244:Tunisia
9239:Morocco
9224:Algeria
8881:Romance
8871:Fantasy
8765:Editors
8722:Studios
8297:Sources
8226:Variety
8084:Variety
8052:Variety
8017:Variety
7962:Variety
7480:Variety
7372:19 June
7153:1 March
7093:Variety
7071:3 April
6995:3 April
6967:3 April
6939:27 July
6675:27 July
6619:19 July
6498:3 April
6445:3 April
6440:Variety
6419:3 April
6385:3 April
5847:1 April
5218:4 April
4400:25 July
4174:27 July
4142:Variety
3728:60,000
3711:50,776
3694:41,179
3677:31,627
3660:23,600
3643:18,195
3254:Ang Lee
3131:Ang Lee
2894:Tibetan
2796:removed
2781:sources
2724:, 《阿凡提》
2609:Li Ning
2599:Xu Tong
2556:Karamay
2538:Li Hong
2531:Feng ai
2479:Beijing
2475:Bumming
2407:Jian Yi
2314:Peacock
2263:Western
2259:He Ping
2247:Uniform
2216:Variety
2208:24 City
2144:Postman
2098:Xiao Wu
2040:Li Yang
1970:Xiao Wu
1965:He Yong
1961:Dou Wei
1848:Xie Jin
1710:Gong Li
1553:Xie Jin
1462:Caravan
1420:In-Laws
1187:Chengdu
1157:Xie Jin
1153:Mao Dun
1129:Sang Hu
1072:of the
663:In the
539:Jin Yan
523:Li Lili
509:Jin Yan
499:Lianhua
288:Beijing
186:of the
178:is the
93:(7.75%)
91:Enlight
83:(32.8%)
60:screens
12847:Taiwan
12782:Turkey
12747:Russia
12682:Kuwait
12662:Jordan
12652:Israel
12612:Cyprus
12597:Brunei
12592:Bhutan
12509:Portal
12464:Emblem
12459:Anthem
12441:Taoism
12123:Poetry
12098:Cinema
12021:Racism
11933:Health
11686:Energy
11662:Reform
11573:Rocket
11558:Ground
11283:Cities
11169:Yellow
11141:Rivers
11131:Canals
11085:passes
11080:ranges
10864:Modern
10555:
10350:Brazil
10310:Mexico
10278:Quebec
10273:Canada
10217:France
10162:Serbia
10137:Kosovo
10127:Greece
10074:Sweden
10069:Norway
10059:Latvia
9991:Russia
9981:Poland
9941:Europe
9915:Russia
9889:Turkey
9854:Kuwait
9849:Jordan
9842:Jewish
9837:Israel
9817:Cyprus
9654:Telugu
9619:Meitei
9539:Bhutan
9516:Taiwan
9392:Angola
9315:Zambia
9310:Uganda
9209:Africa
8876:Horror
8856:Comedy
8841:Action
8738:Actors
8707:Awards
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10332:South
10300:Haiti
10265:North
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8954:2010s
8949:2000s
8944:1990s
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6265:JSTOR
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