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336:" was also used but was stopped by rapids 160 km inland. The expedition continued on foot up along the Congo through mosquito-infested swamps. The expedition advanced 450 kilometres up the river, but lack of food, hostile natives and ravaging tropical fevers forced the expedition to turn back without having found the sought connection. On the way downriver, Smith caught a tropical fever (probably
280:, and Smith eagerly seized the opportunity to participate in an expedition with the experienced scientist. In 1815, the two embarked on the trip. They returned to Portsmouth on 8 December that year, Smith bringing 600 species of plants, of which about 50 were new to science. The best known of Smith's new species is probably
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Before succumbing to fever, Captain Tuckey made sure that Smith's diary and plant specimens were shipped to London. His collection from the trip consisted of 620 species, of which 250 proved to be new to science but had to be published by other botanists. Several of the texts he left behind were
506:(1818): Narrative of an expedition to explore the river Zaire, usually called the Congo, in South Africa, in 1816, under the direction of Captain J.H. Tuckey R.N. To which is added, The journal of Professor Smith; some general observations on the country and its inhabitants. London: J. Murray.
340:) and died, less than a month shy of his 31st birthday. In all, 18 of the 56 members of the expedition perished, including all the scientists and the captain, who died after returning to the ship. The ill-fated expedition was part of the inspiration for
260:. However, he never took up the position as he embarked upon travels abroad to establish contacts and keep abreast of the development of botanical gardens in Europe. His first journey took him to Scotland and from there to
332:, a technology that was still in its infancy. While the ship was eventually rigged for conventional sails, the heavy construction made it sit deep in the water. The accompanying lighter vessel "
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486:(1826) Biographical Memoir of the late Christian Smith, M. D. Naturalist to the Congo Expedition. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, 1: 209-216.
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The Congo expedition began in
February 1816 and went badly from the start. The original plan was to sail up the river using the expedition ship "
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Observations, systematical and geographical, on the herbarium collected by
Professor Christian Smith, in the vicinity of the Congo
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In 1808, Smith graduated and started to practice medicine in Norway. In 1814, he was appointed professor of national economy and
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had any connection to the Niger basins of western and central Africa. Smith was to function as the expedition's
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Having learned geology from Buch in addition to discovering new plant species, Smith was approached by the
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and carried out botanical investigations, collecting plants to be included in the plate work
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Christen Smith’s diary from the Canary
Islands and his importance for the Canarian botany
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were in the company for part of the trip. The party climbed several mountain tops in
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This article is about the 19th-century botanist. For the professor, see
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and asked to participate in a scientific expedition under
Captain
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564:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp.
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Many species of plants have been named after Smith, e.g.,
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Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2001).
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134:(17 October 1785 – 22 September 1816) also known as
428:is used to indicate this person as the author when
162:in 1816, leaving a wealth of botanical material.
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401:Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis
550:. Vol. 34. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
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372:(Sims) Webb & Berthel. (1840) from
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272:. Buch planned to visit the volcanic
142:, was an early 19th-century Norwegian
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244:, described as a new species by Smith
198:, he traveled through large parts of
462:Christen Smith - botaniker og økonom
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350:, written almost a century later.
318:, who was to survive the journey.
232:The Canary and Madeira expeditions
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658:19th-century Norwegian physicians
562:The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles
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648:19th-century Norwegian botanists
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547:Dictionary of National Biography
464:(in Norwegian). Aschehoug, Oslo
42:Christen Smith portrait, ca 1810
36:
643:University of Copenhagen alumni
583:International Plant Names Index
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359:later published by his friend
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16:Norwegian botanist (1785–1816)
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396:Augustin Pyramus de Candolle
117:Author abbrev. (botany)
110:Natural History Museum, Oslo
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394:by Smith and described by
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254:Royal Frederick University
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407:Also a species of snake,
302:to determine whether the
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572:. ("Smith, C.", p. 247).
188:University of Copenhagen
541:"Lockhart, David"
460:Munthe, Preben (2004):
296:Royal Society of London
314:. He had as assistant
258:Christiania (now Oslo)
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210:Joakim Frederik Schouw
521:Sunding, Per (2004):
300:James Hingston Tuckey
252:at the newly founded
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196:Jens Wilken Hornemann
619:at Wikimedia Commons
441:Notes and references
653:People from Drammen
525:. Project Humboldt.
419:author abbreviation
361:Martin Richard Flor
264:, where he met the
76:Tall Trees, at the
484:Baron von Buch, L.
290:Death on the Congo
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242:Canary Island pine
170:Smith was born at
615:Media related to
570:978-1-4214-0135-5
390:), discovered in
347:Heart of Darkness
283:Pinus canariensis
240:The long-needled
214:Morten Wormskjold
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86:Scientific career
65:22 September 1816
21:Christen A. Smith
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174:in what is now
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376:and the genus
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106:Institutions
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638:1816 deaths
633:1785 births
536:Lee, Sidney
304:Congo River
218:Jotunheimen
192:Martin Vahl
166:Early years
160:Congo River
78:Congo River
627:Categories
588: C.Sm
379:Christiana
268:geologist
152:naturalist
69:1816-09-23
508:Full text
488:Full text
384:Malvaceae
330:steamboat
323:HMS
312:geologist
226:HĂĄrteigen
224:1811 and
148:economist
144:physician
600:See also
404:(1824).
374:Tenerife
308:botanist
266:Prussian
222:Bitihorn
180:medicine
156:botanist
398:in his
334:Dorothy
278:Madeira
186:at the
100:geology
67: (
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468:
430:citing
262:London
250:botany
228:1812.
200:Norway
184:botany
172:Skoger
96:Botany
92:Fields
424:C.Sm.
392:Congo
325:Congo
121:C.Sm.
566:ISBN
466:ISBN
310:and
276:and
212:and
182:and
150:and
62:Died
48:Born
344:'s
256:in
138:or
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