659:
36:
3393:
332:
3678:
753:
1769:
1898:
progressive, right-wing or left-wing, but a political party that wanted to serve all the people. The left wing of the party wanted the party to become a progressive party and close co-operation with the Labour Party and the other
Christian Democratic parties; however, the majority of the party wanted to continue the centrist course.
473:, the party won four seats. The cabinet of Ruys de Beerenbrouck continued to govern; the CHU supplied two ministers and one non-partisan CHU-sympathiser is appointed. During the term one CHU minister, minister of finance De Geer, stepped down, after the budget of the ministry of the Navy is rejected. In the
1897:
In the 1960s and 1970s, the ARP became more progressive, while the CHU began to emphasise its conservatism. However it is interesting that the CHU did not embrace a specific political label as was emphasised in a rapport published in 1967 that described the party as being neither conservative,
2937:
2902:
2867:
2824:
2789:
2759:
2729:
2699:
2669:
2621:
2465:
541:
the party lost two additional seats, leaving eight. The party continued to govern in an ARP-RKSP-CHU coalition. In 1939, a national cabinet was formed with the SDAP and the three confessional parties. De Geer, as a reliable, respected administrator, led this cabinet. During
341:
Meanwhile, divisions emerged within the ARP, becoming increasingly clear over time. Many anti-revolutionary parliamentarians valued their independence from their electorate, leading to the formation of two distinct factions within the parliamentary group. The
2057:
The party published the magazine "C.H. Nederlander" ("Christian
Historical Dutchman"). Its youth organisation was the Christelijk-Historische Jongeren Organisatie (English: Christian Historical Youth Organisation Anti-Revolutionary Youth Studyclubs). Its
401:, which was a combination of the constitional views of the VAR and religious views of the other two, although it would emphasize the broader Protestant character the CHP advocated. Under influence of the Frisian League, it became more of a
509:
was formed, led by De Geer of the CHU, with one other CHU member appointed and one further CHU member joining during the cabinet's lifetime. De Geer was chosen because he was a reliable administrator and a less divisive figure. In the
1821:
The power of the CHU current within the CDA is relatively small. Although there are some prominent CDA politicians with a background in the CHU, the better organised KVP and ARP are far stronger currents within the party.
1878:
In the period between 1918 and 1940, the differences between the ARP and CHU were mainly religious, with parties advocating similar policies, like a strong defence and fiscal conservatism. With the ARP representing the
2024:, was considered reasonably progressive on social issues (decolonisation of the Dutch Indies, women emancipation, housing, prison reforms, welfare), as was her colleague, the unionist, Henk Kikkert (welfare, housing).
529:. The CHU supplied only one minister and a further CHU member was appointed minister during the cabinet's term, who left after a cabinet crisis. During the 1930s, a groups of the party's younger members, including
2591:
2561:
2526:
2498:
1854:
and the CHU the terms began to gain their own separate meanings. Furthermore, the party styled itself a loose union of individual MPs and municipal caucuses and therefore used the term Union instead of party.
585:(KVP) rejected cooperation with the confessional parties in favour of cooperation with the PvdA. Some prominent progressive CHU-members left the CHU to join this new PvdA. It was kept out of the progressive
437:
combining both male universal suffrage and equal payment for religious schools. At the end of the cabinets term, two CHU ministers joined the cabinet, as they were relatively neutral politicians.
4102:
3663:
514:
the party remained stable at 11 seats. It cooperated in a new coalition cabinet led by Ruys de
Beerenbrouck, supplying two ministers, with one CHU-sympathiser also serving as a minister.
1863:
The CHU lacked a coherent political ideology as it was formed by politicians who emphasised their own independent position. Furthermore, many times it served as the counterpart of the
2968:
The electorate of the CHU has seen three decisive shifts, especially in its relation with the ARP, the other
Protestant party. Although dates are given here, the changes were gradual
1969:
1850:, who fell from favour during the late 19th century. In its early years, the terms anti-revolutionary and Christian-historical were used interchangeably. With the split between the
350:
in 1892. Some viewed the collaboration with the
Catholics as a betrayal of the nation's Protestant identity. The direct cause of a break was a proposal in 1892 by liberal minister
729:, the CHU lost three seats, and was left with seven. Furthermore, CHU was blocked from the newly formed cabinet by the PvdA and its allies, which cooperated with the KVP and ARP.
3497:
1997:
1968:
Although most CHU members of parliament were conservatives, some others were more moderate and belonged to the social wing of the party. The more socially oriented MP's were:
168:
713:. During this period the differences between the ARP and CHU became more pronounced, with the ARP becoming more progressive and the CHU remaining more conservative. In the
4095:
3641:
3570:
501:
supported this motion because they saw it as an opportunity to bring about the downfall of the cabinet and form a progressive coalition after the election. After lengthy
406:
3656:
3672:
300:. Unlike previous anti-revolutionary politicians such as Groen van Prinsterer, Kuypers was convinced God's will could be translated to politics. As part of Kuyper's
1894:: while the ARP was vehemently against this, the CHU was pragmatic about the issue. It presented itself as a "centre party" and was described in the media as such.
709:, the ARP, CHU and KVP declare that will continue to govern together. The CHU lost one seat but still supplied two ministers in the new KVP-ARP-CHU-VVD coalition
4131:
4088:
3702:
418:
485:; the CHU supplied two ministers. In 1925, the cabinet fell prematurely because of a motion supported by the CHU parliamentary party. Each year the anti-Papist
1562:
196:
3522:
1810:
Meanwhile, a process of merger had started between the KVP, ARP and CHU, under pressure of poor election results. In 1974, they found a federation called the
4334:
3649:
2116:
had far more control than the CHU. Rather than use a pillar, the CHU appealed to unaffiliated conservative
Protestants. The party did own its own newspaper,
1797:
705:
continued. In 1965 this cabinet fell, and a new cabinet was formed, without the CHU and the VVD, but with the PvdA. This cabinet fell after one year. In the
490:
3507:
3560:
3414:
3342:
3310:
2149:
658:
3985:
3469:
2237:
2173:
2009:
1993:
533:
begin to develop support for state intervention in the economy and form a
Christian basis for this intervention on basis of the work of the theologian
4354:
3901:
3512:
3502:
498:
4369:
4344:
3625:
3600:
3454:
3377:
2932:
2316:
2213:
2001:
1395:
2020:(1926–2000). The highly popular Jkvr. Bob Wttewaall van Stoetwegen, long-time member of parliament after the Second World War and befriended with
4364:
4146:
4374:
4349:
4003:
3517:
1989:
1981:
917:
397:. In 1908, the Christian Historical Party merged with the Frisian League to found the Christian Historical Union. The two merges resulted in a
370:
background and who had not followed Kuyper in the Dutch
Reformed Church split. When reunification turned out to be impossible, they formed the
546:, De Geer's position becomes less tenable, as he attempted to negotiate a peace with the Germans against the will of the government. When the
3620:
3605:
3590:
3372:
3362:
2308:
2292:
3671:
3241:
for example, in 1925 the CHU brought about the fall of the Rome–Dordrecht alliance by voting to discontinue the diplomatic post of
Vatican.
4359:
4114:
1552:
264:
4233:
3911:
3878:
191:
635:
voted for the independence of
Indonesia. The CHU provides one minister, which is expanded to two after a 1951 cabinet crisis. After the
3906:
1527:
462:
3147:
1790:
4218:
4196:
3858:
3848:
3303:
521:, in which the party lost one seat, another coalition cabinet led by Colijn was formed, which was joined by members of the liberal
229:
4161:
3732:
4264:
4111:
3937:
3818:
3805:
3694:
3540:
1887:
and other non-aligned churches. Arguably, the CHU inclined to be “both more sophisticated and (...) more dogmatic” than the ARP
378:
1875:
than the ARP, which was more oriented towards cooperation with Catholics. It was also more sceptical about universal suffrage.
1830:
The CHU derived its name "Christian Historical Union" from its combination of conservatism, the orientation to that which has
647:, the party retained the same percentage of vote, but due to the expansion of parliament it gets 13 seats (out of 150). A new
4339:
3119:
3092:
3057:
1537:
1400:
457:
won fifty seats. The CHU started to cooperate fully in the confessional coalition. They formed a cabinet led by the Catholic
4191:
4171:
3947:
3853:
3492:
1880:
1783:
1496:
347:
4284:
3863:
3296:
478:
3434:
3424:
2181:
2165:
1973:
4122:
3980:
3595:
1864:
1405:
1390:
662:
612:
1890:
Between 1945 and 1960, the differences between the ARP and the CHU were focused on the issue of decolonisation of the
3942:
3228:
3026:
1547:
1410:
651:
was formed with the same composition and the CHU retained its two ministers. In 1959 the cabinet fell prematurely. A
493:, (a symbolic motion to show their opposition to the Pope) which was supported by the CHU. In 1925, the left-liberal
4228:
4136:
3873:
3707:
2105:
1385:
1010:
619:. These parties were excluded because they opposed the major reforms the cabinets were implementing, including the
343:
4036:
3760:
1871:
Between 1908 and 1918, the party served as the more conservative of the two main Protestant parties. It was more
1522:
1470:
627:
in the case of the ARP. The CHU endorsed both these policies, creating considerable conflict internally. The CHU
522:
502:
494:
4186:
4056:
4013:
3843:
1450:
1205:
1060:
586:
285:
4259:
4206:
3823:
3775:
3742:
1215:
1075:
678:
611:
which combined the KVP, PvdA, CHU and the conservative liberal VVD, that is every major party except for the
469:
and another CHU sympathiser were appointed as ministers, while the two CHU-sympathisers stepped down. In the
458:
371:
313:
3962:
3921:
3888:
3550:
3409:
3337:
2252:
2141:
1923:
1910:. It saw the government as the servant of God and emphasised the special role of the Netherlands, with its
736:
722:
608:
359:
335:
328:, comprising Anti-revolutionaries and Catholics. This cabinet managed to partially fund religious schools.
321:
309:
131:
393:
character of the nation. In 1903, the VAR merged with the Christian Historical Voters' League to form the
4308:
4303:
3795:
3770:
3750:
3727:
2927:
2892:
2862:
2814:
2784:
2754:
2724:
2694:
2659:
2616:
2586:
2551:
2521:
2488:
2460:
2455:
2430:
2405:
2378:
2260:
1946:
1815:
1811:
1727:
1485:
1380:
1375:
1325:
1140:
1085:
726:
714:
706:
698:
690:
674:
644:
636:
601:
590:
538:
518:
511:
481:, an orthodox version of the CHU, also won one seat. Another RKSP-ARP-CHU cabinet was formed, now led by
474:
470:
465:) and two non-partisan sympathisers of the CHU were appointed. During the cabinet's term one CHU member,
450:
446:
426:
422:
363:
351:
317:
268:
86:
4274:
4151:
4141:
4008:
3828:
3717:
3712:
2095:
2021:
1911:
1542:
1532:
1370:
1265:
976:
582:
575:
506:
454:
430:
394:
184:
71:
35:
4223:
3868:
1567:
1475:
1460:
1425:
1365:
547:
3111:
The Welfare State as Crisis Manager: Explaining the Diversity of Policy Responses to Economic Crisis
1280:
4211:
4181:
4064:
3916:
3896:
3813:
2113:
1942:
1851:
1690:
1628:
1480:
1455:
1105:
964:
798:
768:
718:
616:
551:
486:
301:
289:
234:
179:
4156:
4080:
3765:
3722:
860:
453:
were used for the first time, the party lost three seats. Together the ARP, CHU and the Catholic
417:
Between 1908 and 1913, the CHU supported a minority confessional cabinet of ARP and the Catholic
305:
224:
3392:
288:(1801-1876), who coined the terms 'anti-revolutionary' and 'Christian-historical'. In 1879, the
4295:
1717:
1557:
1465:
1415:
1015:
954:
835:
3109:
3044:
1290:
4248:
3082:
2996:
2973:
2087:
1884:
1695:
1200:
939:
897:
810:
773:
643:
was formed and the VVD was replaced by the ARP, while the CHU retained two ministers. In the
593:, it kept it eight seats, which it also had before the war. The CHU was also kept out of the
390:
164:
2108:
and the Christian Farmers' Organisation. Together these organisations formed the Protestant
1045:
3482:
1607:
1600:
1330:
793:
640:
632:
604:(in which the party won one seat), it was invited to join the cabinet again. It joined the
434:
8:
4313:
4031:
3957:
3790:
2071:
1952:
1907:
1773:
1768:
1722:
1712:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1310:
924:
892:
803:
744:
652:
648:
628:
526:
425:
the party won 10 seats, two more than the CHP and Frisian League had won in 1905. In the
367:
261:
214:
141:
137:
2041:
organisation with strong local branches and an independent parliamentary party, without
477:
the party remained stable at 11 seats. A party which is closely related to the CHU, the
331:
4041:
3995:
3780:
3464:
2985:
2229:
1250:
949:
594:
149:
3115:
3088:
3053:
3022:
2017:
1891:
1744:
1707:
1614:
1572:
1345:
1225:
1190:
1080:
1070:
1065:
1040:
912:
624:
605:
402:
1135:
1050:
697:
is formed by KVP, ARP, CHU and VVD. The CHU still supplied two ministers. After the
4046:
3952:
3630:
3615:
3575:
3439:
3382:
3347:
2556:
2324:
2268:
2189:
2042:
1931:
1927:
1739:
1700:
1635:
1621:
1430:
1335:
1245:
1170:
1100:
1095:
1030:
959:
877:
825:
815:
783:
778:
702:
563:
482:
466:
1275:
1120:
1055:
3580:
3527:
3459:
3444:
3352:
2664:
2276:
2221:
2197:
1761:
1685:
1517:
1260:
1165:
1025:
907:
850:
820:
710:
694:
398:
3245:
by Robert C. Bone In: The Journal of Politics Vol. 24, No. 1 (Feb., 1962), p. 43
1934:, it embraced a more socially progressive stand and supported the creation of a
1305:
377:
Around the same time, two other Reformed parties had been founded. In 1896, the
4269:
3833:
3755:
2351:
1985:
1914:
of Protestantism. The CHU had relatively constant positions on several issues:
1663:
1642:
1420:
1300:
1235:
1230:
1185:
1145:
1110:
1020:
934:
865:
571:
530:
382:
366:, they formed their own parliamentary group, mostly comprising members with an
325:
297:
250:
75:
1435:
581:
Between 1945 and 1948, the CHU was marginalised politically as the re-founded
429:
the party stayed stable. Between 1913 and 1918 the country was governed by an
4328:
3785:
3585:
3565:
3555:
3449:
3429:
3419:
3357:
3288:
3107:
3084:
At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party
3003:
2989:
2819:
2493:
2284:
2205:
2157:
2109:
1956:
1935:
1732:
1593:
1340:
1320:
1255:
1195:
1090:
988:
929:
882:
872:
845:
620:
567:
386:
258:
3258:, Uitgeverij Paul Brand, Hilversum-Maaseik/Uitgeverij Kok, Kampen 1967 p. 63
2972:
Between 1908 and 1917, the CHU appealed to the aristocracy, the people with
2247:
2005:
1903:
1835:
1445:
1315:
1295:
1285:
1240:
1210:
1130:
1115:
971:
830:
788:
570:
of Dutch politics. Some wanted to unite the CHU with the ARP, others, like
543:
172:
154:
725:, which broke away from the PvdA. The cabinet fell after one year. In the
4238:
4023:
3677:
2136:
2102:
2046:
2013:
1847:
1220:
1180:
1125:
1035:
902:
887:
840:
3610:
3367:
3019:
The Primacy of Domestic Politics: Christian Democracy in the Netherlands
2897:
2300:
666:
4201:
4069:
3021:. Christian Democracy in Europe since 1945. Routledge. pp. 47–58.
2981:
2059:
2038:
1977:
1872:
1843:
1490:
1175:
944:
855:
670:
534:
293:
105:
2086:
The party had weak ties to many Protestant organisations, such as the
3972:
1440:
1270:
752:
98:
1918:
The party was conservative in social and ethical matters, rejecting
358:. While Kuyper supported this, conservative parliamentarians led by
2977:
461:. The CHU provided only one minister (De Visser became minister of
355:
4110:
1930:, believing they must be based on Christian principles. After the
1902:
Generally the political course of the party can be seen as (soft)
2098:
2070:
Internationally, the CHU was a relatively isolated party. In the
1919:
1831:
983:
682:
3108:
Peter Starke; Alexandra Kaasch; Franca Van Hooren (7 May 2013).
2075:
2123:
Although the CHU had a separate party organisation for women,
685:, the party wanted to signal the party kept up with the times.
554:
and the CHU provided one minister in these cabinets in exile.
3080:
3209:
3017:
Bosmans, Jac (2004). Michael Gehler; Wolfram Kaiser (eds.).
3199:
3197:
3184:
3182:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3046:
Geschiedenis van de Christelijk-Historische Unie, 1908-1980
2091:
2995:
Between 1917 and 1967, the CHU appealed to members of the
3002:
Between 1967 and 1977, in the time of secularisation and
3273:
3261:
3194:
3179:
3162:
3128:
623:, in the case of the CPN, and the decolonisation of the
389:, emphasizing respectively the Protestant character and
1818:, they campaigned together under the name of the CDA.
304:, the ARP worked together with Roman Catholics as the
3087:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 23.
433:
formed by liberals. Its main goal was to implement a
2125:
Centrale van Christelijk Historische Vrouwengroepen
3688:Only parties represented in parliament are shown.
412:
279:
4326:
721:of the same parties, now joined by the moderate
3101:
3081:Thomas Jansen; Steven Van Hecke (19 May 2011).
597:which also just consisted of the KVP and PvdA.
271:(CDA), into which it merged in September 1980.
3986:Communist Party of Holland – Central Committee
3318:
3074:
2065:
1941:The party took a strong position in favour of
1842:was already taken by a parliamentary group of
717:the party lost 3 seats. It joined a coalition
566:, prominent CHU politicians wanted to end the
4096:
3657:
3304:
3148:"GROEN VAN PRINSTERER, Guillaume (1801-1876)"
1791:
4335:Defunct political parties in the Netherlands
3673:Defunct political parties in the Netherlands
681:, which at the time was a meeting place for
267:. The CHU is one of the predecessors of the
2340:
2081:
4103:
4089:
3664:
3650:
3311:
3297:
3279:
3267:
3215:
3203:
3188:
3173:
3134:
3042:
3006:the party retained its conservative image.
1798:
1784:
1528:Christian Democrat Organization of America
34:
16:Defunct political party in the Netherlands
3043:Hooven, Marcel ten; Jong, Ron de (2008).
284:An important inspiration for the CHU was
4355:Political parties disestablished in 1980
2032:
701:, in which the CHU gained one seat, the
693:(in which the party lost one seat), the
657:
346:, instigated by Kuyper, resulted in the
330:
4370:Conservative parties in the Netherlands
4345:Confessional parties in the Netherlands
3733:Roman Catholic Party of the Netherlands
3016:
2062:was the De Savornin Lohman foundation.
2052:
918:Friendly separation of church and state
449:, in which male universal suffrage and
110:Christian Historical Youth Organisation
4365:1908 establishments in the Netherlands
4327:
3938:The Alliance to Democratise the Forces
3254:B. de Gaay Fortman and W. in 't Veld:
1883:and the CHU conservative parts of the
1858:
405:. Later in 1912, members of the small
4375:Monarchist parties in the Netherlands
4350:Political parties established in 1908
4084:
3645:
3292:
2813:
2615:
2233:(19 February 1972 – 19 November 1977)
2161:(12 September 1918 – 4 Augustus 1925)
1538:European Christian Political Movement
1401:Christian Democratic Union of Germany
489:would propose a motion to remove the
308:, with the goal of equal funding for
185:European Union of Christian Democrats
4115:political parties in the Netherlands
3948:Alliance for National Reconstruction
2241:(19 November 1977 – 11 October 1980)
1881:Reformed Churches in the Netherlands
491:Dutch representative at the Holy See
348:Reformed Churches in the Netherlands
4360:Defunct Christian political parties
3819:Christian Historical Voters' League
3114:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 193.
2335:
2225:(5 October 1968 – 19 February 1972)
1396:Christian Democratic People's Party
574:, joined the new social democratic
379:Christian Historical Voters' League
13:
3981:Communist Party of the Netherlands
3010:
2371:
1926:. At the same time they supported
663:Christine Wttewaall van Stoetwegen
613:Communist Party of the Netherlands
381:(CHP) was founded and in 1898 the
265:political party in the Netherlands
14:
4386:
3943:Middle Party for City and Country
2992:, who opposed universal suffrage.
2193:(30 June 1933 – 10 Augustus 1939)
2169:(4 Augustus 1925 – 11 March 1927)
2153:(11 May 1910 – 12 September 1918)
1548:Conservative Christian Fellowship
1411:Christian Social Union in Bavaria
3902:Social Democratic Workers' Party
3874:Reformatory Political Federation
3676:
3391:
2280:(3 September 1940 – 15 May 1963)
2272:(8 July 1929 – 3 September 1940)
2217:(19 March 1966 – 5 October 1968)
2201:(10 Augustus 1939 – 9 July 1958)
2182:Jan Rudolph Slotemaker de BruĂŻne
2166:Jan Rudolph Slotemaker de BruĂŻne
1974:Jan Rudolph Slotemaker de BruĂŻne
1970:Johan Reinhardt Snoeck Henkemans
1767:
1386:Christian Democratic and Flemish
751:
655:was formed by ARP, KVP and CHU.
548:Dutch government went into exile
499:Social Democratic Workers' Party
344:1886 Dutch Reformed Church split
3761:Free-thinking Democratic League
3248:
3235:
2264:(8 February 1921 – 8 July 1929)
2256:(9 July 1908 – 8 February 1921)
2045:. It has been classified as an
2027:
1922:and protecting the position of
1523:Centrist Democrat International
1406:Christian Social People's Party
679:National Monument on Dam Square
523:Free-thinking Democratic League
495:Free-thinking Democratic League
3844:League of Christian Socialists
3243:The Dynamics of Dutch Politics
3221:
3140:
2177:(11 March 1927 – 1 March 1932)
1963:
1959:with tight budgetary controls.
413:1908–1918: electoral districts
324:, this tactic resulted in the
286:Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer
280:1879-1908: Predecessor parties
1:
3912:Revolutionary Socialist Party
3864:Reformed Reformed State Party
3824:Free Anti Revolutionary Party
3708:Roman Catholic People's Party
3052:(in Dutch). Amsterdam: Boom.
3036:
2963:
2296:(5 April 1967 – 20 June 1970)
2209:(9 July 1958 – 19 March 1966)
2185:(1 March 1932 – 30 June 1933)
2130:
2090:, the Protestant broadcaster
550:he is replaced by ARP-member
459:Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck
372:Free Anti Revolutionary Party
4340:Protestant political parties
2320:(1 April 1972 – 1 July 1973)
2312:(6 July 1971 – 1 April 1972)
2304:(20 June 1970 – 6 July 1971)
2288:(15 May 1963 – 5 April 1967)
2253:Alexander de Savornin Lohman
2142:Alexander de Savornin Lohman
2076:Christian Democratic faction
1998:Bob Wttewaall van Stoetwegen
1955:, combining support for the
557:
463:Education, Arts and Sciences
440:
360:Alexander de Savornin Lohman
336:Alexander de Savornin Lohman
255:Christelijk-Historische Unie
27:Christelijk-Historische Unie
7:
4004:National Socialist Movement
3963:Independent Citizens' Party
3869:Reformed Political Alliance
3728:Political Party of Radicals
3229:"De CHU: een stille kracht"
2990:high-ranking civil servants
2461:Alexander de Savorin Lohman
2328:(1 July 1973 – 25 May 1977)
2261:Johannes Theodoor de Visser
2145:(9 July 1908 – 11 May 1910)
2066:International organisations
1812:Christian Democratic Appeal
1553:Centre for European Studies
1486:Popular Republican Movement
1381:Christian Democratic Appeal
507:extra-parliamentary cabinet
451:proportional representation
431:extra parliamentary cabinet
352:Johannes Tak van Poortvliet
269:Christian Democratic Appeal
169:Evangelical Lutheran Church
87:Christian Democratic Appeal
10:
4391:
3879:Evangelical People's Party
3859:Christian Democratic Union
3849:Christian Democratic Party
3839:Christian Historical Union
3829:Christian Historical Party
3713:Roman Catholic State Party
3321:Christian Historical Union
1543:Konrad Adenauer Foundation
1391:Christian Democratic Party
677:campaign. By visiting the
587:Schermerhorn–Drees cabinet
395:Christian Historical Party
274:
247:Christian Historical Union
197:Christian Democratic Group
118:Savornin Lohman Foundation
72:Christian Historical Party
24:Christian Historical Union
4293:
4247:
4170:
4121:
4055:
4022:
3994:
3971:
3930:
3922:Democratic Socialists '70
3887:
3804:
3741:
3693:
3686:
3537:Parliamentary leaders in
3536:
3479:Parliamentary leaders in
3478:
3400:
3389:
3328:
2926:
2891:
2861:
2848:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2783:
2753:
2723:
2693:
2663:
2658:
2645:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2620:
2585:
2555:
2550:
2520:
2492:
2487:
2454:
2429:
2404:
2382:
2377:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2074:, its members sat in the
1568:Center for Public Justice
1426:Croatian Democratic Union
1366:American Solidarity Party
723:Democratic Socialists '70
407:National Historical Party
220:
210:
203:International affiliation
202:
192:European Parliament group
190:
178:
160:
148:
130:
122:
114:
104:
92:
82:
66:
58:
50:
42:
33:
21:
4065:General Elderly Alliance
3917:Pacifist Socialist Party
3897:Social Democratic League
3814:Anti-Revolutionary Party
3596:Wttewaall van Stoetwegen
3542:House of Representatives
3067:
2341:House of Representatives
2114:Anti-Revolutionary Party
2082:Pillarised organisations
1852:Anti-Revolutionary Party
1691:Christian libertarianism
1629:Sollicitudo rei socialis
965:Environmental protection
769:Catholic social teaching
673:, Amsterdam, during the
617:Anti-Revolutionary Party
609:Drees–Van Schaik cabinet
552:Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy
487:Reformed Political Party
290:Anti-Revolutionary Party
3766:League of Free Liberals
3723:Catholic National Party
3718:Catholic People's Party
2096:employers' organisation
1825:
1533:European People's Party
1371:Austrian People's Party
583:Catholic People's Party
296:for Protestants led by
225:Politics of Netherlands
150:Political position
3854:Christian Social Party
3280:Hooven & Jong 2008
3268:Hooven & Jong 2008
3216:Hooven & Jong 2008
3204:Hooven & Jong 2008
3189:Hooven & Jong 2008
3174:Hooven & Jong 2008
3135:Hooven & Jong 2008
1945:, and it favoured the
1558:European Ideas Network
836:Economic progressivism
727:1972 election campaign
707:1967 election campaign
686:
362:opposed it. After the
338:
254:
2997:Dutch Reformed Church
2088:Dutch Reformed Church
2033:National organisation
1953:fiscally conservative
1885:Dutch Reformed Church
1696:Christian nationalism
1481:Polish People's Party
1451:National Action Party
940:Social market economy
898:Person Dignity Theory
811:Consistent life ethic
774:Christian corporatism
661:
435:constitutional reform
409:also joined the CHU.
334:
292:(ARP) was founded as
165:Dutch Reformed Church
3493:De Vos van Steenwijk
3435:Slotemaker de BruĂŻne
3425:Slotemaker de BruĂŻne
2060:scientific institute
2053:Linked organisations
1908:Christian democratic
1608:Graves de communi re
1601:Populorum progressio
385:. Both rejected the
262:Christian democratic
180:European affiliation
3958:Livable Netherlands
3791:Liberal State Party
3218:, pp. 117–123.
2072:European Parliament
1996:(1909–1997), jkvr.
1859:Ideology and issues
1774:Christianity portal
1713:Religious democracy
1679:Christian socialism
1674:Christian communism
1669:Christian anarchism
1376:Christian Democracy
925:Religious pluralism
893:Option for the poor
745:Christian democracy
629:parliamentary group
606:broad basis cabinet
527:Liberal State Party
142:Economic liberalism
138:Christian democracy
4042:Nederlandsche Unie
3781:Middle Class Party
3551:De Savornin Lohman
3498:De Savornin Lohman
3410:De Savornin Lohman
3338:De Savornin Lohman
2230:Otto van Verschuer
2150:Johannes de Visser
1832:historically grown
1563:Schuman Foundation
950:Sphere sovereignty
687:
595:first Beel cabinet
339:
4322:
4321:
4078:
4077:
3639:
3638:
3256:Christen Radicaal
3121:978-1-137-31484-0
3094:978-3-642-19414-6
3059:978 90 8506 649 1
2961:
2960:
2329:
2321:
2313:
2305:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2242:
2234:
2226:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2170:
2162:
2154:
2146:
2112:, over which the
2018:Nellien de Ruiter
1924:religious schools
1892:Dutch East Indies
1808:
1807:
1745:Ethical socialism
1708:Liberal democracy
1615:Quadragesimo anno
1573:Paneuropean Union
1461:Nationalist Party
913:Religious liberty
653:caretaker cabinet
625:Dutch East Indies
403:testimonial party
310:religious schools
243:
242:
230:Political parties
96:Wassenaarseweg 7
4382:
4125:(former parties)
4105:
4098:
4091:
4082:
4081:
4047:Pim Fortuyn List
4032:Peasants' League
4014:Centre Democrats
3953:New Middle Party
3681:
3680:
3666:
3659:
3652:
3643:
3642:
3571:Snoeck Henkemans
3543:
3485:
3403:
3395:
3331:
3322:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3290:
3289:
3283:
3277:
3271:
3265:
3259:
3252:
3246:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3225:
3219:
3213:
3207:
3201:
3192:
3186:
3177:
3171:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3078:
3063:
3051:
3032:
2951:
2916:
2881:
2857:
2846:
2838:
2803:
2773:
2743:
2713:
2683:
2654:
2643:
2635:
2605:
2575:
2557:Dirk Jan de Geer
2540:
2510:
2477:
2444:
2419:
2395:
2373:
2345:
2344:
2336:Election results
2327:
2325:Roelof Kruisinga
2319:
2311:
2303:
2295:
2287:
2279:
2271:
2269:Dirk Jan de Geer
2263:
2255:
2240:
2238:Luck van Leeuwen
2232:
2224:
2216:
2208:
2200:
2192:
2190:Dirk Jan de Geer
2184:
2176:
2174:Jan de Schokking
2168:
2160:
2152:
2144:
2043:party discipline
2037:The party had a
2010:Ernst van Eeghen
1994:Cor van Mastrigt
1932:Second World War
1834:with Protestant
1800:
1793:
1786:
1771:
1764:
1740:Social democracy
1701:Theoconservatism
1636:Centesimus annus
1622:Laborem exercens
1431:Democratic Rally
1011:Arizmendiarrieta
960:Environmentalism
878:Multiculturalism
826:Dignity of labor
816:Cultural mandate
784:Communitarianism
779:Christian ethics
755:
732:
731:
564:Second World War
483:Hendrikus Colijn
467:Dirk Jan de Geer
144:
83:Merged into
78:
38:
19:
18:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4289:
4243:
4166:
4117:
4109:
4079:
4074:
4051:
4018:
3990:
3967:
3926:
3907:Socialist Party
3883:
3800:
3776:Economic League
3737:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3670:
3640:
3635:
3541:
3538:
3532:
3483:
3480:
3474:
3401:
3396:
3387:
3329:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3287:
3286:
3278:
3274:
3266:
3262:
3253:
3249:
3240:
3236:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3214:
3210:
3202:
3195:
3187:
3180:
3172:
3163:
3153:
3151:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3133:
3129:
3122:
3106:
3102:
3095:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3060:
3049:
3039:
3029:
3013:
3011:Further reading
3004:depillarisation
2966:
2952:
2949:
2917:
2914:
2882:
2879:
2855:
2854:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2804:
2801:
2774:
2771:
2744:
2741:
2714:
2711:
2684:
2681:
2665:Hendrik Tilanus
2652:
2651:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2606:
2603:
2576:
2573:
2541:
2538:
2511:
2508:
2478:
2475:
2445:
2442:
2420:
2417:
2396:
2393:
2343:
2338:
2277:Hendrik Tilanus
2222:Johan van Hulst
2198:Hendrik Tilanus
2133:
2084:
2068:
2055:
2035:
2030:
1966:
1861:
1828:
1804:
1762:Politics portal
1760:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1686:Christian right
1658:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1587:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1518:Catholic Action
1512:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1471:Patriotic Union
1360:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1005:
997:
996:
995:
908:Public morality
851:Just war theory
821:Culture of life
763:
711:De Jong cabinet
695:De Quay cabinet
560:
443:
415:
399:party manifesto
374:(VAR) in 1897.
314:School struggle
282:
277:
239:
171:
167:
140:
136:
97:
74:
70:
62:11 October 1980
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4388:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4300:
4298:
4296:denominational
4291:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4254:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4209:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4178:
4176:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4128:
4126:
4119:
4118:
4108:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4085:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4067:
4061:
4059:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4037:Farmers' Party
4034:
4028:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4000:
3998:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3983:
3977:
3975:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3893:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3834:Frisian League
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3810:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3756:Radical League
3753:
3747:
3745:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3703:General League
3699:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3669:
3668:
3661:
3654:
3646:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3547:
3545:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3489:
3487:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3406:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3316:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3284:
3272:
3260:
3247:
3234:
3220:
3208:
3206:, p. 115.
3193:
3191:, p. 112.
3178:
3176:, p. 110.
3161:
3139:
3137:, p. 107.
3127:
3120:
3100:
3093:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3058:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3027:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2955:In opposition
2953:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2935:
2933:Arnold Tilanus
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:In government
2918:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2885:In government
2883:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2840:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:In government
2805:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:In government
2775:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:In government
2745:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:In government
2715:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:In opposition
2685:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2637:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:In government
2607:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:In government
2577:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2544:In government
2542:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:In government
2512:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:In government
2479:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:In opposition
2446:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:In opposition
2421:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2352:Lead candidate
2349:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2322:
2317:Arnold Tilanus
2314:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2282:
2274:
2266:
2258:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2214:Arnold Tilanus
2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2132:
2129:
2118:De Nederlander
2083:
2080:
2067:
2064:
2054:
2051:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2002:Arnold Tilanus
1986:Piet Lieftinck
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1951:The party was
1949:
1947:Dutch monarchy
1939:
1928:public schools
1900:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1876:
1860:
1857:
1827:
1824:
1814:(CDA). In the
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1788:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1766:
1765:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1710:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1664:Christian left
1660:
1659:
1657:Related topics
1656:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1476:People's Party
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1456:National Party
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1421:Civic Platform
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
994:
993:
992:
991:
981:
980:
979:
977:in Catholicism
969:
968:
967:
962:
952:
947:
942:
937:
935:Social justice
932:
927:
922:
921:
920:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
869:
868:
863:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
807:
806:
801:
796:
786:
781:
776:
771:
765:
764:
761:
760:
757:
756:
748:
747:
741:
740:
699:1963 elections
591:1946 elections
572:Piet Lieftinck
559:
556:
531:Piet Lieftinck
497:and socialist
447:1918 elections
442:
439:
419:General League
414:
411:
391:Dutch Reformed
383:Frisian League
354:to expand the
326:Mackay cabinet
322:1888 formation
298:Abraham Kuyper
281:
278:
276:
273:
241:
240:
238:
237:
232:
227:
221:
218:
217:
212:
208:
207:
204:
200:
199:
194:
188:
187:
182:
176:
175:
162:
158:
157:
152:
146:
145:
134:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
108:
102:
101:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
76:Frisian League
68:
67:Merger of
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
31:
30:
26:
23:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4387:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4292:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4246:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4106:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3997:
3993:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3797:
3796:Freedom Party
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3786:Neutral Party
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3771:Liberal Party
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3751:Liberal Union
3749:
3748:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3685:
3679:
3674:
3667:
3662:
3660:
3655:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3535:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3477:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3465:Van Verschuer
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3399:
3394:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3327:
3323:
3314:
3309:
3307:
3302:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3282:, p. 14.
3281:
3276:
3270:, p. 13.
3269:
3264:
3257:
3251:
3244:
3238:
3230:
3224:
3217:
3212:
3205:
3200:
3198:
3190:
3185:
3183:
3175:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3149:
3143:
3136:
3131:
3123:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3104:
3096:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3077:
3073:
3061:
3055:
3048:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3030:
3028:0-7146-5662-3
3024:
3020:
3015:
3014:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2986:high officers
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2957:
2954:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2853:In opposition
2852:
2851:
2842:In government
2841:
2826:
2821:
2820:Henk Beernink
2816:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2661:
2657:
2650:In opposition
2649:
2648:
2639:In government
2638:
2623:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Jan Schokking
2490:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2380:
2376:
2353:
2346:
2326:
2323:
2318:
2315:
2310:
2307:
2302:
2299:
2294:
2291:
2286:
2285:Henk Beernink
2283:
2278:
2275:
2270:
2267:
2262:
2259:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2239:
2236:
2231:
2228:
2223:
2220:
2215:
2212:
2207:
2206:Henk Beernink
2204:
2199:
2196:
2191:
2188:
2183:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2158:Jan Schokking
2156:
2151:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2063:
2061:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2012:(1920–2007),
2011:
2007:
2004:(1910–1996),
2003:
2000:(1901–1986),
1999:
1995:
1992:(1912–1988),
1991:
1988:(1902–1989),
1987:
1984:(1873–1956),
1983:
1980:(1885–1963),
1979:
1976:(1869–1941),
1975:
1972:(1862–1945),
1971:
1958:
1957:welfare state
1954:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1943:law and order
1940:
1937:
1936:welfare state
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1816:1977 election
1813:
1801:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1763:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1654:
1653:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1594:Rerum novarum
1591:
1590:
1583:
1582:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:Organizations
1508:
1507:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1466:New Democracy
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1356:
1355:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:von der Leyen
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1156:
1155:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1106:Nell-Breuning
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1001:
1000:
990:
987:
986:
985:
982:
978:
975:
974:
973:
970:
966:
963:
961:
958:
957:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
930:Social Gospel
928:
926:
923:
919:
916:
915:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
883:Neo-Calvinism
881:
879:
876:
874:
873:Mixed economy
871:
867:
864:
862:
859:
858:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
846:Human dignity
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
791:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
759:
758:
754:
750:
749:
746:
743:
742:
738:
734:
733:
730:
728:
724:
720:
716:
715:1971 election
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
691:1959 election
684:
680:
676:
675:1971 election
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
654:
650:
646:
645:1956 election
642:
638:
637:1952 election
634:
630:
626:
622:
621:welfare state
618:
614:
610:
607:
603:
602:1948 election
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
568:pillarisation
565:
555:
553:
549:
545:
540:
539:1937 election
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
519:1933 election
515:
513:
512:1929 election
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:1925 election
472:
471:1922 election
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
438:
436:
432:
428:
427:1913 election
424:
423:1909 election
420:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:secular state
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
364:1894 election
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
337:
333:
329:
327:
323:
319:
318:1888 election
316:). After the
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
272:
270:
266:
263:
260:
257:, CHU) was a
256:
252:
248:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
222:
219:
216:
213:
209:
205:
201:
198:
195:
193:
189:
186:
183:
181:
177:
174:
170:
166:
163:
159:
156:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
133:
129:
126:26.000 (1979)
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
107:
103:
100:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
32:
20:
4279:
4249:
4173:Gereformeerd
4172:
4009:Centre Party
3838:
3319:
3275:
3263:
3255:
3250:
3242:
3237:
3223:
3211:
3154:23 September
3152:. Retrieved
3142:
3130:
3110:
3103:
3083:
3076:
3045:
3018:
2974:double names
2967:
2248:Party leader
2124:
2122:
2117:
2085:
2069:
2056:
2036:
2028:Organisation
2016:(*1945) and
2006:Coos Huijsen
1990:Henk Kikkert
1982:Jouke Bakker
1967:
1904:conservative
1901:
1862:
1848:colonialists
1840:conservative
1839:
1838:. The label
1836:Christianity
1829:
1820:
1809:
1641:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1495:
1446:Kataeb Party
1416:Centre Party
1071:John Paul II
1004:Philosophers
972:Subsidiarity
861:Conservative
831:Distributism
789:Conservatism
688:
599:
580:
576:Labour Party
561:
544:World War II
516:
444:
416:
376:
368:aristocratic
340:
283:
246:
244:
173:Remonstrants
155:Centre-right
93:Headquarters
43:Abbreviation
4024:Nationalist
3470:Van Leeuwen
3231:(in Dutch).
2982:land owners
2856:(1965–1967)
2845:(1963–1965)
2653:(1945–1946)
2642:(1937–1945)
2368:Government
2309:Jur Mellema
2293:Jur Mellema
2137:Party chair
2103:trade union
2047:elite party
2014:Wim Deetman
1964:Social wing
1844:monarchists
1643:Laudato si'
1436:Fianna Fáil
1266:Mikołajczyk
1159:Politicians
955:Stewardship
888:Neo-Thomism
841:Familialism
799:Progressive
54:9 July 1908
4329:Categories
4252:and others
4057:Pensioners
3626:A. Tilanus
3601:A. Tilanus
3581:H. Tilanus
3455:A. Tilanus
3445:H. Tilanus
3378:A. Tilanus
3353:H. Tilanus
3150:(in Dutch)
3037:References
2964:Electorate
2131:Leadership
1978:Frida Katz
1873:anti-papal
1491:VMRO-DPMNE
1346:Windthorst
1251:Mazowiecki
1191:De Gasperi
1041:Dooyeweerd
1031:Chesterton
945:Solidarity
903:Popularism
856:Liberalism
762:Principles
689:After the
671:Dam Square
600:After the
562:After the
535:Karl Barth
517:After the
302:antithesis
294:mass party
259:Protestant
123:Membership
115:Think tank
106:Youth wing
4112:Christian
4070:Union 55+
3996:Far-right
3973:Communist
3889:Socialist
3631:Kruisinga
3616:Kruisinga
3566:Schokking
3561:De Visser
3556:Schokking
3528:Van Hulst
3460:Van Hulst
3430:Schokking
3420:Schokking
3415:De Visser
3383:Kruisinga
3343:De Visser
2348:Election
2022:the queen
2008:(*1939),
1586:Documents
1441:Fine Gael
1326:Vogelsang
1321:Tindemans
1291:Pöttering
1171:Andreotti
1141:Vogelsang
1086:Lamennais
589:. In the
558:1945–1980
537:. In the
505:talks an
503:formation
441:1918-1945
421:. In the
306:coalition
235:Elections
215:Dark blue
99:The Hague
59:Dissolved
4250:Hervormd
4123:Catholic
3806:Reformed
3695:Catholic
3586:Beernink
3523:BĂĽhrmann
3450:Beernink
3358:Beernink
2978:nobility
2942:354,463
2915:10 / 150
2907:399,164
2898:BĂ© Udink
2880:12 / 150
2872:560,467
2837:13 / 150
2829:536,782
2802:12 / 150
2794:486,429
2772:13 / 150
2764:482,915
2734:476,188
2704:453,136
2674:373,217
2626:302,829
2604:10 / 100
2596:339,813
2574:11 / 100
2566:335,800
2539:11 / 100
2531:305,587
2509:11 / 100
2394:12 / 100
2301:BĂ© Udink
1718:Buddhist
1281:Pastrana
1226:Korfanty
1216:Ketteler
1166:Adenauer
1146:Williams
1136:Tischner
1096:Maritain
1091:Leo XIII
1081:Korfanty
1076:Ketteler
1066:Habsburg
1046:Gebhardt
1026:Berggrav
737:a series
735:Part of
667:BĂ© Udink
639:, a new
615:and the
578:(PvdA).
525:and the
356:suffrage
161:Religion
132:Ideology
3743:Liberal
3621:Mellema
3606:Mellema
3591:Mellema
3576:De Geer
3513:Pollema
3503:Pollema
3440:De Geer
3373:Mellema
3363:Mellema
3348:De Geer
3330:Leaders
2950:7 / 150
2742:9 / 100
2712:9 / 100
2682:8 / 100
2634:8 / 100
2476:7 / 100
2443:9 / 100
2418:9 / 100
2039:federal
1920:divorce
1912:history
1723:Islamic
1359:Parties
1311:Strauss
1301:Schuman
1286:Pethrus
1276:Quadros
1261:Metsola
1246:Martens
1186:Caldera
1116:Pius XI
1101:Mounier
984:Welfare
794:Liberal
719:cabinet
703:cabinet
683:hippies
649:cabinet
641:cabinet
631:in the
445:In the
275:History
211:Colours
51:Founded
4202:CU–SGP
3484:Senate
3402:Chairs
3118:
3091:
3056:
3025:
2365:Seats
2359:Votes
2110:pillar
2101:, the
2094:, the
1772:
1733:Mormon
1728:Jewish
1336:Wałęsa
1316:Sturzo
1256:Merkel
1236:Kuyper
1211:Joseph
1196:Erhard
1131:Sturzo
1056:Görres
1051:Gilson
1021:Belloc
1016:Baader
804:Social
633:Senate
4132:GLRCC
3931:Other
3611:Udink
3518:Geuze
3508:Kolff
3368:Udink
3068:Notes
3050:(PDF)
2569:10.6
2356:List
1341:Weber
1306:Söder
1296:Prodi
1241:Letta
1206:Groen
1181:Buzek
1126:Stein
1121:Röpke
1111:Pesch
1061:Groen
989:State
312:(the
251:Dutch
4294:Non-
4265:CHKB
4162:RKPN
4147:COKZ
4142:RKSP
4137:RKVP
3539:the
3481:the
3156:2024
3116:ISBN
3089:ISBN
3054:ISBN
3023:ISBN
2988:and
2945:4.8
2938:List
2928:1972
2910:6.3
2903:List
2893:1971
2875:8.2
2868:List
2863:1967
2832:8.6
2825:List
2815:1963
2797:8.1
2790:List
2785:1959
2767:8.4
2760:List
2755:1956
2737:8.9
2730:List
2725:1952
2707:9.2
2700:List
2695:1948
2677:7.9
2670:List
2660:1946
2629:7.5
2622:List
2617:1937
2599:9.2
2592:List
2587:1933
2562:List
2552:1929
2534:9.9
2527:List
2522:1925
2499:List
2489:1922
2466:List
2456:1918
2431:1917
2406:1913
2383:n/a
2379:1909
2372:Ref.
2092:NCRV
1906:and
1846:and
1826:Name
1497:More
1271:Moro
1231:Kurz
1221:Kohl
1201:Frei
1176:Beel
866:Ordo
665:and
455:RKSP
320:and
245:The
206:None
4314:NSC
4309:CDA
4304:PPR
4285:HGS
4280:CHU
4275:CHP
4260:VAR
4234:EVP
4229:RPF
4224:GPV
4219:CDU
4212:SGP
4197:CDP
4192:CSP
4187:BCS
4182:ARP
4157:KNP
4152:KVP
2106:CNV
2099:NCW
1865:ARP
1036:Day
669:on
479:HGS
46:CHU
4331::
4270:FL
4239:JL
4207:CU
3196:^
3181:^
3164:^
2984:,
2980:,
2976:,
2362:%
2127:.
2120:.
2078:.
2049:.
1867::
739:on
253::
4104:e
4097:t
4090:v
3665:e
3658:t
3651:v
3312:e
3305:t
3298:v
3158:.
3124:.
3097:.
3062:.
3031:.
2999:.
1938:.
1799:e
1792:t
1785:v
249:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.svg){kind=logo}