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880:. For example, one of these misconceptions can be seen in the general belief that the Divisionist method of painting allowed for greater luminosity than previous techniques. Additive luminosity is only applicable in the case of colored light, not juxtaposed pigments; in reality, the luminosity of two pigments next to each other is just the average of their individual luminosities. Furthermore, it is not possible to create a color using optical mixture that could not also be created by physical mixture. Logical inconsistencies can also be found with the Divisionist exclusion of darker colors and their interpretation of simultaneous contrast.
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in the 1870s, and is characterized by the use of quick, short, broken brushstrokes to accurately capture the momentary effects of light and atmosphere in an outdoor scene. The
Impressionists sought to create an "impression" of a momentary scene as perceived by the viewer, rather than a mechanically
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Divisionism is the technique of painting separate dots or patches of different colors in close proximity that interact optically in the viewer's perception to generate more luminous colors. The paints are not actually mixed but viewed close together, so the separate colors of light reflected by the
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produce colors. Despite the theory, Seurat's paintings don't actually use true additive mixture, since the colors reflected by his paints as he used them don't actually mix in the eye. Instead, Seurat used highly contrasting colors in close proximity, but not close enough to mix additively; this
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461:. This created a more vibrant and dynamic effect, but also required a higher level of skill and precision. Neo-Impressionism emerged in the late 19th century, used more precise and geometric shapes to build compositions and was strongly influenced by the scientific study of
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as
Divisionists who used large, mosaic-like 'cubes' to construct small but highly symbolic compositions. Both artists had developed a new sub-style that had great significance shortly thereafter within the context of their Cubist works.
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paints mixes in the eye and brain; the process is called additive mixing and is also used by computer monitors. This is different from mixing different paints together to produce a new color by subtractive mixing, which is also how
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was not initially painted in the
Divisionist style, but he reworked the painting in the winter of 1885–86, enhancing its optical properties in accordance with his interpretation of scientific theories of color and light.
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spoke negatively of Seurat's paintings, saying "Strip his figures of the colored fleas that cover them, underneath there is nothing, no thought, no soul, nothing". Leaders of
Impressionism, such as
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Although
Divisionist artists strongly believed their style was founded in scientific principles, some people believe that there is evidence that Divisionists misinterpreted some basic elements of
1764:
Neo-impressionist painters: a sourcebook on
Georges Seurat, Camille Pissarro, Paul Signac, Théo van Rysselberghe, Henri Edmond Cross, Charles Angrand, Maximilien Luce, and Albert Dubois-Pillet.
457:, developed from Impressionism in the 1880s. The Divisionists used a technique of placing small, distinct dots of color next to one another on the canvas, rather than mixing the colors on the
514:
style. In 1883, Seurat and some of his colleagues began exploring ways to express as much light as possible on the canvas. By 1884, with the exhibition of his first major work,
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introduced Seurat to the theories of color and vision that would inspire chromoluminarism. Blanc's work, drawing from the theories of Michel Eugène
Chevreul and
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1644:, which cites Enciclopedia dell'arte, Milano (Garzanti) 2002, and also see Voci del Divisionismo italiano in Bollettino Anisa, N. 12 Anno XIX, n. 1, May 2000.
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As appropriate, yellow-orange colors representing the sun's action would be interspersed with the natural colors to emulate the effect of direct sunlight.
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Seurat's theories intrigued many of his contemporaries, as other artists seeking a reaction against
Impressionism joined the Neo-Impressionist movement.
554:, stated that optical mixing would produce more vibrant and pure colors than the traditional process of mixing pigments. Mixing pigments physically is a
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effect is called simultaneous contrast, which creates a mild shimmering appearance and slightly increases the colors' apparent visual intensity.
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612:, in particular, became one of the main proponents of divisionist theory, especially after Seurat's death in 1891. In fact, Signac's book,
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In
Divisionist color theory, artists interpreted the scientific literature through making light operate in one of the following contexts:
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837:, who generally either embraced or condemned the incorporation of scientific theories in the Neo-Impressionist techniques. For example,
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If lighting is only indirect, various other colors, such as blues, reds and purples, can be used to simulate the darkness and shadows.
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1850:
Meighan, Judith. "In Praise of
Motherhood: The Promise and Failure of Painting for Social Reform in Late-Nineteenth-Century Italy."
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While most divisionists did not receive much critical approval, some critics were loyal to the movement, including notably
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Divisionism, along with the Neo-Impressionism movement as a whole, found its beginnings in Georges Seurat's masterpiece,
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As the dominant element of the painting, local color refers to the true color of subjects, e.g. green grass or blue sky.
89:, which is defined specifically by the use of dots of paint and does not necessarily focus on the separation of colors.
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616:, published in 1899, coined the term Divisionism and became widely recognized as the manifesto of Neo-Impressionism.
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Scientists or artists whose theories of light or color had some impact on the development of Divisionism include
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founded the style around 1884 as chromoluminarism, drawing from his understanding of the scientific theories of
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of 1906, a number of painters mainly in Northern Italy experimented to various degrees with these techniques.
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The influence of Seurat and Signac on some Italian painters became evident in the First Triennale in 1891 in
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754:(1904). It was, however, in the subject of landscapes that divisionism found strong advocates, including
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Neo-impressionism and the search for solid ground: art, science, and anarchism in fin-de-siècle France.
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painting defined by the separation of colors into individual dots or patches that interact optically.
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524:, his style began taking form with an awareness of Impressionism, but it was not until he finished
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Neo-Impressionism and Anarchism in Fin-de-Siecle France: Painting, Politics and Landscape
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An object that is adjacent to another in a painting could cast reflected colors onto it.
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By requiring the viewer to combine the colors optically instead of physically mixing
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applied the technique to social (and political) subjects; in this he was joined by
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708:'s Parisian experience (from 1907), into their dynamic paintings and sculpture.
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207.6 cm Ă— 308 cm (81.7 in Ă— 121.3 in)
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Baigneuses, Deux nus dans un jardin exotique (Two Nudes in an Exotic Landscape)
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72.4 cm Ă— 48.5 cm (28.5 in Ă— 19.1 in)
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73.5 cm Ă— 92.5 cm (28.9 in Ă— 36.4 in)
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and optical color effects, to create a more harmonious and luminous painting.
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44 cm Ă— 37.5 cm (17.3 in Ă— 14.8 in)
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73 cm Ă— 54 cm (28.7 in Ă— 21.2 in)
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results, a process in which the primary colors are red, green and blue.
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Divisionism quickly received both negative and positive attention from
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in 1886 that he established his theory of chromoluminarism. In fact,
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1471:"Impressionism | Definition, History, Art, & Facts | Britannica"
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Rapetti Rodolphe Signac, Paul Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online
1525:
Smith, Paul. Seurat, Georges. Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online
161:
1912:
85:, among others. Divisionism developed along with another style,
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later (1909–1916) would adapt the style, in part influenced by
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In 1907 Metzinger and Delaunay were singled out by the critic
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790:. Divisionism was also in important influence in the work of
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precise replication of the scene. Divisionism, also known as
65:, Divisionists believed that they were achieving the maximum
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562:. On the other hand, if colored light is mixed together, an
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43:’s color wheel, which was influential in Divisionist theory
92:
1783:. London: Henry G. Bohn, York Street, Covent Garden, 1860
1274:"Divisionism: History, Painting Method of Georges Seurat"
1908:
Agence photographique de la réunion des Musées nationaux
604:, contrasting colors might be placed in close proximity.
1896:
Tim Parks on divisionist movement of painters in Italy
1793:
Gage, John. "The Technique of Seurat: A Reappraisal."
1578:, The Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, New York, 1968
1549:
Ruhrberg, Karl. "Seurat and the Neo-Impressionists".
4217:
Nature morte (Compotier et cruche décorée de cerfs)
2659:
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
503:
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
102:
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
1825:New York: The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, 1968.
965:Old Woman (Woman with Gloves, Woman With Jewelry)
632:, adopted some Divisionist techniques, including
495:
4358:
4201:Man with a Pipe (Portrait of an American Smoker)
1780:The Principles of Harmony and Contrast of Colors
536:
510:, and, as such, his initial works reflected the
506:. Seurat had received classical training at the
384:L'homme Ă la tulipe (Portrait de Jean Metzinger)
1857:"Radical Light: Italy's Divisionist Painters."
1751:Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society, 1971.
1502:Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society, 1970.
2699:The Channel of Gravelines, Petit Fort Philippe
1810:, New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1991.
4085:
3279:
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1992:A Glimpse of Notre-Dame in the Late Afternoon
1928:
1788:Symbolist Art Theories: A Critical Anthology
871:
828:
1832:Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State UP, 1994.
1733:Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1978.
1250:Paul Signac and Color in Neo-Impressionism.
943:Still Life with Compote, Apples and Oranges
849:, refused to exhibit with Seurat, and even
478:David Pierre Giottino Humbert de Superville
4092:
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2786:
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2622:
2608:
2088:The Dessert: Harmony in Red (The Red Room)
1935:
1921:
1888:Winkfield, Trevor. "The Signac Syndrome."
1880:D’Eugène Delacroix au Neo-Impressionnisme.
1534:
1532:
746:. Among Pellizza's Divisionist works were
600:To take advantage of Chevreul's theory of
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1650:
1494:
1492:
1490:
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1244:
1242:
1143:Memories of a Journey, Ricordi di viaggio
620:Divisionism in France and Northern Europe
614:D’Eugène Delacroix au Néo-Impressionnisme
520:, as well as croquetons of the island of
2342:Young Woman in White on a Red Background
1702:Chicago: S.C. Griggs and Company, 1891.
1520:
1518:
1516:
1207:
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987:Le séchage des voiles (The Drying Sails)
758:, Gaetano Previati, Angelo Morbelli and
558:with cyan, magenta and yellow being the
35:
1762:Clement, Russell T., and Annick Houzé.
1529:
1325:"Additive and Subtractive Color Mixing"
1228:
1226:
711:
93:Theoretical foundations and development
14:
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2793:
1799:The Technique of Seurat: A Reappraisal
1700:The Grammar of Painting and Engraving.
1678:
1676:
1674:
1647:
1487:
1349:"Simultaneous and Successive Contrast"
1239:
1212:Tosini, Aurora Scotti, "Divisionism",
628:, largely through associations in the
4073:
3267:
2767:
2603:
1916:
1868:New York: Wittenborn & Co., 1946.
1843:Puppo, Dario del. "Il Quarto Stato."
1513:
1200:
730:Principi scientifici del divisionismo
4153:Colored Landscape with Aquatic Birds
1847:, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 13, 1994.
1719:Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online.
1710:Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online.
1420:
1295:
1293:
1268:
1266:
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27:Style in Neo-Impressionist paintings
2358:Deux fillettes, fond jaune et rouge
2326:Annelies, White Tulips and Anemones
1671:
1236:Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1964.
1234:Seurat and the Science of Painting.
1015:ColecciĂłn Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza
24:
4099:
2629:
2064:Self-Portrait in a Striped T-shirt
1790:. Berkeley: U of California, 1994.
1708:Block, Jane. "Neo-Impressionism."
1692:
1211:
25:
4393:
2725:Société des Artistes Indépendants
1942:
1901:
1766:Westport, CT: Greenwood P, 1999.
1682:Lee, Alan. "Seurat and Science."
1592:Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna
1290:
1263:
630:Société des Artistes Indépendants
54:, is the characteristic style in
4307:
4121:Two Nudes in an Exotic Landscape
1852:Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide
1635:Associazione Pellizza da Volpedo
1395:
1373:"Divisionism | art | Britannica"
1252:New York: Rockefeller UP, 1992.
1150:
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1061:
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997:
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911:
906:, Kröller-Müller Museum (detail)
890:
762:. Further adherents in painting
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251:
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109:
2444:Goldfish paintings and etchings
1797:69 (Sep. 1987): 448-54. JSTOR.
1627:
1612:
1597:
1581:
1568:
1543:
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1414:
541:
2746:Sunday in the Park with George
2390:Black Leaf on Green Background
2080:Blue Nude (Souvenir de Biskra)
1389:
1365:
1341:
1317:
1033:La Seine à Rouen au crépuscule
496:Beginnings with Georges Seurat
13:
1:
2683:Young Woman Powdering Herself
1660:New York: H.N. Abrams, 1990.
1194:
1117:The Pine Tree at Saint Tropez
624:In addition to Signac, other
537:Paul Signac and other artists
1717:Block, Jane. "Pointillism."
1055:Musée National d'Art Moderne
548:Grammaire des arts du dessin
7:
1423:"The Impressionists' bible"
1172:
866:Antoine de la Rochefoucauld
245:Self-Portrait with Felt Hat
10:
4398:
4297:Fruit and a Jug on a Table
4289:Lady at her Dressing Table
4281:Soldier at a Game of Chess
4032:Situationist International
2267:Odalisque with Raised Arms
1633:Derived from paragraph in
1166:Metropolitan Museum of Art
969:Philadelphia Museum of Art
883:
372:Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller
29:
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2961:Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
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2428:
2285:
2243:The Painter and His Model
2147:Still Life with Geraniums
2122:
2000:Luxury, Calm and Pleasure
1959:
1950:
1807:Georges Seurat, 1859-1891
1778:Chevreul, Michel Eugène.
1640:November 9, 2013, at the
1421:Kemp, Martin (May 2008).
872:Scientific misconceptions
829:Criticism and controversy
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69:scientifically possible.
2302:Purple Robe and Anemones
1976:Landscape, the Pink Wall
1278:www.visual-arts-cork.com
724:, and codified later by
230:The Museum of Modern Art
174:Portrait of Félix Fénéon
158:Art Institute of Chicago
4129:Coucher de soleil no. 1
3542:Experimental literature
2382:The Sorrows of the King
1686:10 (June 1987): 203-24.
1551:Art of the 20th Century
1500:The Neo Impressionists.
1353:colorusage.arc.nasa.gov
1099:Gemeentemuseum Den Haag
947:Baltimore Museum of Art
3808:Second Viennese School
3439:Neue Slowenische Kunst
3310:Abstract expressionism
3191:Salon des Indépendants
3171:Le Barc de Boutteville
3125:Robert Antoine Pinchon
2310:Woman in a Purple Coat
2112:Portrait of Greta Moll
2040:Landscape at Collioure
1984:Academy Study of a Man
1854:, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2002.
1731:Seurat in Perspective.
1189:List of art techniques
1029:Robert Antoine Pinchon
924:Portrait of Irma Sèthe
482:Michel Eugène Chevreul
374:, Otterlo, Netherlands
75:Michel Eugène Chevreul
44:
3915:Theatre of the Absurd
3838:Twelve-tone technique
3717:Electroacoustic music
3156:Artistes Indépendants
3085:Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
3080:Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
2986:Théo van Rysselberghe
2518:(great-granddaughter)
2219:Woman on a High Stool
2104:Bathers with a Turtle
1621:is also found in the
1604:Arc Lamp is found in
1184:List of art movements
1145:), private collection
919:Théo van Rysselberghe
602:simultaneous contrast
490:Hermann von Helmholtz
39:
4377:Divisionist painters
3900:Postdramatic theatre
3885:Experimental theatre
3422:Multidimensional art
2469:Chapel of the Rosary
2179:Zorah on the Terrace
1658:Seurat: a biography.
1606:Museum of Modern Art
1073:La fuite des nymphes
712:Divisionism in Italy
642:Albert Dubois-Pillet
508:École des Beaux-Arts
4145:La danse, Bacchante
3402:Lyrical Abstraction
3201:Salon des Tuileries
3176:La Libre Esthétique
2941:René Schützenberger
2921:Hippolyte Petitjean
2651:Bathers at Asnières
2582:An Essay on Matisse
2522:Lydia Delectorskaya
2056:The Young Sailor II
2048:Le bonheur de vivre
1892:Autumn 2001: 66-70.
1875:. N.p.: n.p., 2007.
1845:Science and Society
1821:Herbert, Robert L.
1553:, Vol. 2. Cologne:
1218:, Oxford Art Online
1158:Hippolyte Petitjean
1139:Souvenirs de Voyage
839:Joris-Karl Huysmans
799:Souvenirs de Voyage
736:Pellizza da Volpedo
658:Hippolyte Petitjean
556:subtractive process
517:Bathers at Asnières
316:La danse, Bacchante
4367:Post-Impressionism
4193:Woman with a Horse
4015:Postmodernist film
3920:Theatre of Cruelty
3803:Rock in Opposition
3744:Free improvisation
3387:Post-Impressionism
3320:Art & Language
3166:Volpini Exhibition
2901:Henri-Edmond Cross
2796:Post-Impressionism
2585:(1996 documentary)
2318:La Blouse Roumaine
2235:Bathers by a River
2227:The Yellow Curtain
2211:View of Notre-Dame
1823:Neo-Impressionism.
1475:www.britannica.com
1377:www.britannica.com
1232:Homer, William I.
1069:Henri-Edmond Cross
776:Giuseppe Cominetti
756:Giovanni Segantini
654:Henri-Edmond Cross
45:
4354:
4353:
4067:
4066:
4057:Russian symbolism
4042:Socialist realism
3880:Experimental film
3846:
3845:
3552:Hungry generation
3527:Conceptual poetry
3382:Neo-Impressionism
3261:
3260:
3090:Wassily Kandinsky
2813:Neo-Impressionism
2761:
2760:
2740:Neo-Impressionism
2645:List of paintings
2597:
2596:
2424:
2423:
2374:Beasts of the Sea
2366:The Plum Blossoms
2350:The Knife Thrower
2187:Window at Tangier
2032:View of Collioure
1804:Herbert, Robert.
1745:Cachin, Françoise
1576:Neo-Impressionism
1051:Paysage au disque
815:Leaving the scene
780:Camillo Innocenti
722:Grubicy de Dragon
720:. Spearheaded by
434:
433:
378:
377:
309:
308:
239:
238:
167:
166:
56:Neo-Impressionist
16:(Redirected from
4389:
4344:Man in a Hammock
4311:
4257:Woman with a Fan
4233:Woman with a Fan
4225:Dancer in a Café
4169:Nu à la cheminée
4137:Woman with a Hat
4094:
4087:
4080:
4071:
4070:
3961:Russian Futurism
3905:Remodernist film
3823:Stochastic music
3778:Musique concrète
3756:Microtonal music
3734:Experimental pop
3727:Industrial music
3722:Electronic music
3627:
3626:
3449:Nouveau réalisme
3357:Grosvenor School
3288:
3281:
3274:
3265:
3264:
3181:Ambroise Vollard
3130:Henriette Tirman
3024:Der Blaue Reiter
2996:Édouard Vuillard
2981:Vincent van Gogh
2911:Georges Dufrénoy
2797:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2765:
2764:
2675:Parade de cirque
2624:
2617:
2610:
2601:
2600:
2589:Matisse (crater)
2275:Yellow Odalisque
2259:The Piano Lesson
2251:The Music Lesson
2203:Arab Coffeehouse
2163:The Conversation
2024:Woman with a Hat
2008:The Green Stripe
1957:
1956:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1914:
1913:
1828:Hutton, John G.
1795:The Art Bulletin
1698:Blanc, Charles.
1687:
1680:
1669:
1654:
1645:
1631:
1625:
1616:
1610:
1601:
1595:
1590:is found at the
1588:Il Sole Nascente
1585:
1579:
1574:Robert Herbert,
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1335:
1329:isle.hanover.edu
1321:
1315:
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1311:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1270:
1261:
1248:Ratliff, Floyd.
1246:
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1230:
1221:
1219:
1215:Grove Art Online
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1065:
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979:
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862:Arsène Alexandre
851:Camille Pissarro
819:Umberto Boccioni
768:Plinio Nomellini
752:Il sole nascente
726:Gaetano Previati
685:Louis Vauxcelles
662:Vincent van Gogh
564:additive mixture
552:Eugène Delacroix
546:Charles Blanc's
480:, David Sutter,
394:
380:
379:
327:
311:
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264:Vincent van Gogh
255:
241:
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52:chromoluminarism
21:
18:Chromoluminarism
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4347:(1913 painting)
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3910:Structural film
3852:
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3697:Aleatoric music
3685:
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3504:
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3459:Performance art
3298:
3292:
3262:
3257:
3226:
3205:
3186:Salon d'Automne
3144:
3115:Francis Picabia
3038:
3006:
3000:
2991:FĂ©lix Vallotton
2976:Maximilien Luce
2891:Marius Borgeaud
2871:Charles Angrand
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2457:
2437:The Back Series
2420:
2281:
2118:
2016:The Open Window
1946:
1941:
1904:
1890:Modern Painters
1871:Roslak, Robyn.
1866:Georges Seurat.
1695:
1693:Further reading
1690:
1681:
1672:
1655:
1648:
1642:Wayback Machine
1632:
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748:Speranze deluse
714:
674:Robert Delaunay
650:Maximilien Luce
646:Charles Angrand
638:Lucien Pissarro
622:
591:Reflected light
579:Direct sunlight
544:
539:
530:La Grande Jatte
526:La Grande Jatte
522:ĂŽle de la Jatte
498:
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300:Van Gogh Museum
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4022:Late modernism
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3995:Neo-minimalism
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3990:Postminimalism
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3818:Spectral music
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3783:New Complexity
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3567:Language poets
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3522:Asemic writing
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3517:Angry Penguins
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3330:Constructivism
3327:
3325:Conceptual art
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3105:Jean Metzinger
3102:
3097:
3095:Sonia Lewitska
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3075:Albert Gleizes
3072:
3067:
3062:
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3055:Charles Camoin
3052:
3050:Georges Braque
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2971:Georges Lemmen
2968:
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2951:Georges Seurat
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2936:Henri Rousseau
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2545:Matisse Museum
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2528:Gustave Moreau
2525:
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2516:Sophie Matisse
2513:
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2504:Pierre Matisse
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1902:External links
1900:
1899:
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1878:Signac, Paul.
1876:
1869:
1864:Rewald, John.
1862:
1861:, August 2008.
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1656:Rewald, John.
1646:
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1619:The City Rises
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1498:Sutter, Jean.
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1305:physics.bu.edu
1301:"Color mixing"
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878:optical theory
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823:The City Rises
766:subjects were
760:Matteo Olivero
713:
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670:Jean Metzinger
626:French artists
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439:laser printers
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4372:Impressionism
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4115:List of works
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4010:Postmodernism
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3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3967:
3966:Cubo-Futurism
3964:
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3962:
3959:
3958:
3957:
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3949:
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3946:Expressionism
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3773:Music theatre
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3761:Minimal music
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3607:Visual poetry
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3582:Nouveau roman
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3444:Nonconformism
3442:
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3429:
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3427:Neoplasticism
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3417:Mir iskusstva
3415:
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3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
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3377:Impressionism
3375:
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3370:
3368:
3365:
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3355:
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3345:Functionalism
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3333:
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3238:Impressionism
3236:
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3222:Albert Aurier
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3147:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3135:Jean Marchand
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3120:Pablo Picasso
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3110:Henry Ottmann
3108:
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3098:
3096:
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3070:Henri Matisse
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3029:Expressionism
3027:
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3020:
3017:
3015:
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3009:
3005:20th-century
3003:
2997:
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2966:Charles Laval
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2946:Paul SĂ©rusier
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2906:Maurice Denis
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1968:Woman Reading
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1944:Henri Matisse
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1859:History Today
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1838:0-8071-1823-0
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1757:0-8212-0482-3
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1092:
1091:Piet Mondrian
1086:
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1077:Musée d'Orsay
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817:, 1910); and
816:
812:
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803:Giacomo Balla
800:
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795:Gino Severini
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784:Enrico Lionne
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706:Gino Severini
703:
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694:Jan Sluijters
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690:Piet Mondrian
686:
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678:Pablo Picasso
675:
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666:Henri Matisse
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474:Charles Blanc
471:
470:Charles Henry
466:
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446:Impressionism
443:
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421:Oil on canvas
419:
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83:Charles Blanc
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68:
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59:
57:
53:
49:
42:
41:Charles Blanc
38:
33:
19:
4342:
4325:Du "Cubisme"
4323:
4295:
4287:
4279:
4271:
4263:
4255:
4247:
4241:Au VĂ©lodrome
4239:
4231:
4223:
4215:
4207:
4199:
4191:
4183:
4175:
4167:
4159:
4151:
4143:
4135:
4127:
4119:
3875:Epic theatre
3712:Atonal music
3547:Flarf poetry
3537:Ego-Futurism
3366:
3335:Proto-Cubism
3253:Secessionism
3217:Félix Fénéon
3140:Othon Friesz
3060:André Derain
2931:Odilon Redon
2916:Paul Gauguin
2896:Paul CĂ©zanne
2881:Edvard Munch
2832:
2817:
2753:Topiary Park
2744:
2729:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2673:
2665:
2657:
2649:
2580:
2510:Paul Matisse
2484:
2449:
2435:
2412:
2404:
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2388:
2380:
2372:
2364:
2356:
2348:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2316:
2308:
2300:
2294:The Dance II
2292:
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2257:
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2241:
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2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
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2169:
2161:
2153:
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2129:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2078:
2072:Madras Rouge
2070:
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2038:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2006:
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1982:
1974:
1966:
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1749:Paul Signac.
1748:
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1629:
1618:
1614:
1603:
1599:
1587:
1583:
1575:
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1550:
1545:
1499:
1478:. Retrieved
1474:
1465:
1433:(7191): 37.
1430:
1426:
1416:
1405:. Retrieved
1401:
1391:
1380:. Retrieved
1376:
1367:
1356:. Retrieved
1352:
1343:
1332:. Retrieved
1328:
1319:
1308:. Retrieved
1304:
1281:. Retrieved
1277:
1249:
1233:
1214:
1179:Art movement
1162:Le Pont Neuf
1161:
1142:
1138:
1116:
1094:
1072:
1050:
1032:
1008:
986:
983:André Derain
964:
942:
922:
901:
875:
858:Félix Fénéon
855:
832:
822:
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806:
798:
751:
747:
734:
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715:
682:
623:
613:
607:
568:
547:
545:
542:Color theory
529:
525:
515:
501:
499:
467:
463:color theory
444:
435:
383:
314:
244:
172:
100:
60:
51:
47:
46:
4382:Pointillism
4027:Primitivism
3853:and theatre
3793:Noise music
3766:Drone music
3597:Slam poetry
3484:Suprematism
3469:Process art
3397:Incoherents
3392:Color Field
3367:Divisionism
3315:Art Nouveau
3295:Avant-garde
3149:Exhibitions
2956:Paul Signac
2926:Paul Ranson
2850:Art Nouveau
2828:Cloisonnism
2823:Pointillism
2818:Divisionism
2735:Pointillism
2730:Divisionism
2710:(1890–1891)
2694:(1889–1890)
2686:(1889–1890)
2678:(1887–1888)
2670:(1884–1886)
2662:(1884–1886)
2489:(1947 book)
2446:(1912–1929)
2440:(1909–1930)
2398:La NĂ©gresse
2286:1930s–1950s
2206:(1912–1913)
2166:(1908–1912)
2123:1910s–1920s
1987:(1900-1901)
1960:1890s–1900s
1684:Art History
1113:Paul Signac
900:, 1889–90,
835:art critics
811:Carlo CarrĂ
788:Arturo Noci
750:(1894) and
610:Paul Signac
573:Local color
455:Pointillism
194:Paul Signac
87:Pointillism
48:Divisionism
32:Pointillism
4361:Categories
4336:Portrayals
4209:The Harbor
4047:Surrealism
3985:Minimalism
3860:Cinéma pur
3505:and poetry
3503:Literature
3412:Minimalism
3303:Visual art
3248:Modern art
3100:Franz Marc
3065:Raoul Dufy
3019:Die BrĂĽcke
2866:Cuno Amiet
2840:Synthetism
2707:The Circus
2512:(grandson)
2451:Blue Nudes
1608:, New York
1480:2023-01-27
1407:2023-01-27
1382:2023-01-27
1358:2023-01-27
1334:2023-01-26
1310:2023-01-26
1283:2023-01-26
1195:References
1160:, c.1912,
1007:, c.1905,
698:Leo Gestel
486:Ogden Rood
427:Dimensions
360:Dimensions
288:Dimensions
218:Dimensions
146:Dimensions
79:Ogden Rood
67:luminosity
30:See also:
4284:(1914–15)
4260:(c. 1913)
4252:(1912–13)
4220:(1911–12)
4212:(1911–12)
4204:(1911–12)
4196:(1911–12)
4180:(1910–11)
4177:Two Nudes
4164:(c. 1908)
4156:(c. 1907)
4148:(c. 1906)
4140:(c. 1906)
4132:(c. 1906)
4124:(1905–06)
4108:Paintings
4052:Symbolism
3980:Modernism
3813:Serialism
3798:Post-rock
3739:Free jazz
3647:Free funk
3602:UltraĂsmo
3557:Imaginism
3532:Cyberpunk
3494:Vorticism
3297:movements
3243:Modernism
3007:movements
2845:Symbolism
2834:Les Nabis
2806:movements
2691:Le Chahut
2638:Paintings
2549:Le Cateau
2530:(teacher)
2478:Art books
2406:The Snail
1449:1476-4687
903:Le Chahut
825:, 1910).
809:, 1909);
801:, 1911);
792:Futurists
702:Futurists
304:Amsterdam
131:1884–1886
4317:Writings
4265:En Canot
4185:Tea Time
4000:Neo-Dada
3975:Lettrism
3956:Futurism
3870:Drop Art
3865:Dogme 95
3833:Totalism
3751:Futurism
3702:Ars nova
3630:By style
3577:Neoteric
3479:Rayonism
3432:De Stijl
3407:Mail art
3362:Devětsil
2414:The Boat
2171:Goldfish
1638:Archived
1557:, 1998.
1457:34142687
1173:See also
1137:, 1911,
1115:, 1909,
1095:Dune III
1093:, 1909,
1071:, 1906,
1049:, 1906,
1031:, 1905,
985:, 1905,
963:, 1901,
941:, 1899,
921:, 1894,
807:Arc Lamp
740:Morbelli
597:Contrast
512:Barbizon
368:Location
296:Location
234:New York
226:Location
154:Location
63:pigments
4161:Bathers
3929:General
3788:No wave
3562:Imagism
3512:Acmeism
3464:Pop art
3454:Orphism
3372:Fauvism
3350:Bauhaus
3231:Related
3210:Critics
3043:Artists
3014:Fauvism
2859:Artists
2718:Related
2576:Fauvism
2569:Related
2538:Museums
2524:(model)
2462:Chapels
1594:, Rome.
1555:Taschen
884:Gallery
744:Longoni
728:in his
634:Camille
459:palette
162:Chicago
4328:(1912)
4300:(1916)
4292:(1916)
4276:(1913)
4268:(1913)
4244:(1912)
4236:(1912)
4228:(1912)
4188:(1911)
4172:(1910)
4005:Neoism
3951:Fluxus
3851:Cinema
3690:Others
3592:Oulipo
3587:Oberiu
3474:Purism
3340:Cubism
3161:Les XX
3034:Cubism
2702:(1890)
2667:Models
2654:(1884)
2497:People
2454:(1952)
2429:Series
2417:(1953)
2409:(1953)
2401:(1952)
2393:(1952)
2385:(1952)
2377:(1950)
2369:(1948)
2361:(1947)
2353:(1947)
2345:(1946)
2337:(1946)
2329:(1944)
2321:(1940)
2313:(1937)
2305:(1937)
2297:(1932)
2278:(1926)
2270:(1923)
2262:(1918)
2254:(1917)
2246:(1917)
2238:(1917)
2230:(1915)
2222:(1914)
2214:(1914)
2198:(1912)
2190:(1912)
2182:(1912)
2174:(1912)
2158:(1911)
2150:(1910)
2142:(1910)
2134:(1910)
2115:(1908)
2107:(1908)
2099:(1908)
2091:(1908)
2083:(1907)
2075:(1907)
2067:(1906)
2059:(1906)
2051:(1906)
2043:(1905)
2035:(1905)
2027:(1905)
2019:(1905)
2011:(1905)
2003:(1904)
1995:(1902)
1979:(1898)
1971:(1894)
1882:1899.
1836:
1814:
1770:
1755:
1737:
1729:, ed.
1664:
1561:
1506:
1455:
1447:
1427:Nature
1396:Tate.
1256:
847:Renoir
585:Shadow
450:France
417:Medium
399:Artist
350:Medium
332:Artist
278:Medium
260:Artist
208:Medium
190:Artist
136:Medium
118:Artist
3679:Metal
3622:Music
2506:(son)
2139:Music
2131:Dance
1952:Works
1453:S2CID
843:Monet
764:genre
718:Milan
3941:Dada
3674:Punk
3669:Prog
3664:Rock
3652:Yass
3642:Jazz
3637:Funk
3612:Zaum
2559:Nice
2486:Jazz
2334:Asia
1834:ISBN
1812:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1753:ISBN
1735:ISBN
1662:ISBN
1623:MoMA
1559:ISBN
1504:ISBN
1445:ISSN
1402:Tate
1254:ISBN
864:and
845:and
786:and
742:and
696:and
676:and
656:and
636:and
488:and
412:1906
409:Year
345:1906
342:Year
273:1888
270:Year
203:1890
200:Year
128:Year
81:and
3659:Pop
1435:doi
1431:453
4363::
1747:.
1673:^
1649:^
1531:^
1515:^
1489:^
1473:.
1451:.
1443:.
1429:.
1425:.
1400:.
1375:.
1351:.
1327:.
1303:.
1292:^
1276:.
1265:^
1241:^
1225:^
1202:^
1164:,
1119:,
1097:,
1075:,
1053:,
1013:,
989:,
967:,
945:,
868:.
860:,
782:,
778:,
774:,
770:,
692:,
680:.
672:,
668:,
664:,
652:,
648:,
644:,
640:,
492:.
484:,
476:,
472:,
302:,
232:,
160:,
77:,
4093:e
4086:t
4079:v
3287:e
3280:t
3273:v
2787:e
2780:t
2773:v
2623:e
2616:t
2609:v
2561:)
2557:(
2551:)
2547:(
1936:e
1929:t
1922:v
1885:.
1840:.
1818:.
1801:.
1774:.
1759:.
1741:.
1723:.
1714:.
1705:.
1668:.
1565:.
1510:.
1483:.
1459:.
1437::
1410:.
1385:.
1361:.
1337:.
1313:.
1286:.
1260:.
1220:.
1141:(
821:(
813:(
805:(
797:(
20:)
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