40:
770:
school for
African-American students operated successfully throughout the 1865–66 school year. As teacher Mary S. Osbourne reported: "One class of six knew the alphabet but could not read at all; now they read well, as far as First Step No. 12 on the Chart. … A class of seven read well in the First Reader, and are to commence Arithmetic at once. Another … using the Third Reader and studying Geography." From 1861 to 1876 more than one-third of teachers in southern colored schools were African Americans, so it is likely that Osbourne was replaced by a southern African American teacher even during Reconstruction. In addition, one of every six teachers from the North were African American.
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718:
131:
93:
750:
due to the town's location at the crossroads of Taylor's Island Road (Route 16) and Church Creek-Golden Hill Road (Route 335). During the first half of the twentieth century, the residents of Church Creek maintained eight or nine general stores. But during the second half of the 20th century, the town's economy and population continued to decline. According to the United States Census
Records, the town contained 187 people in 1950, down to 115 in 1990.
766:, spearheaded the raising and allocation of money throughout Maryland. The fifth African-American county school was established in Church Creek on September 27, 1865 under the care of Mary S. Osbourne, with a total enrollment of thirty-two students. The County schools were quickly opposed by local residents, sometimes violently. In October and November 1865, arsonists destroyed African-American schools in Millington, Edesville, and Kent County.
111:
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Toward the end of the 19th century, regional deforestation resulted in a downturn in the wooden shipbuilding industry. This adversely affected the industrial prosperity of Church Creek, and the population subsequently declined. The economy of Church Creek has historically benefited from human traffic
664:
living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.3% were non-families. 32.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
745:
The first major industry in Church Creek was shipbuilding, established at some point before 1767, which took advantage of surrounding forests plentiful with white oak and pine. As a result, the population of the town grew during the 18th and 19th centuries. The 1860 census recorded 218 families and
769:
Though the school at Church Creek was not attacked, it did encounter local antagonism. In
December 1865, a group of Church Creek residents held an "indignation meeting" to organize and communicate their opposition to the African-American school and its teacher, Mary S. Osbourne. The Church Creek
697:
In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 1.2% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 24.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over,
693:
living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.6% were non-families. 36.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.69.
758:
Following the
American Civil War, Church Creek was an early site for education of African Americans. The state passed the Public Instruction Act of 1865 to earmark public funds for the education of African-American students. But white-dominated Maryland county and city school boards refused to
729:
as the earliest settlement in
Dorchester County, and was first established at some point before 1684 under the name Dorchester Town and then White Haven. This has been disputed by historian Elias Jones, who found no indication of land sales in the area before 1700 in County Land Records.
681:
of 2000, there were 85 people, 41 households, and 25 families residing in the town. The population density was 271.4 inhabitants per square mile (104.8/km). There were 45 housing units at an average density of 143.7 per square mile (55.5/km). The racial makeup of the town was 100.00%
668:
The median age in the town was 47.8 years. 16% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20% were from 25 to 44; 32% were from 45 to 64; and 22.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 44.8% male and 55.2% female.
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Both the town and river of Church Creek derive their name from the nearby
Episcopal church, now known as Old Trinity Church, built c. 1675. In 1867, Church Creek officially became the forty-second
39:
701:
The median income for a household in the town was $ 25,750, and the median income for a family was $ 26,875. Males had a median income of $ 21,250 versus $ 16,250 for females. The
737:
in
Maryland, and remains one of the 123 such towns today. In 1975, the town adopted its first municipal tax in order to qualify for state tax grants and federal revenue-sharing.
897:
637:
was 367.6 inhabitants per square mile (141.9/km). There were 67 housing units at an average density of 197.1 per square mile (76.1/km). The racial makeup of the town was 89.6%
1523:
1203:
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is located here. An
Anglican (now Episcopal) brick church built in 1675, it is the oldest church building in the US in continuous ecclesiastical use.
1004:
808:
869:
53:
1518:
379:
1196:
786:
287:
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1181:
994:
Jones, Elias. "New
Revised History of Dorchester County, Maryland". Cambridge, Maryland: Tidewater Publishers, 1966. pp 106-7.
1159:
Fuke, Richard Paul. "The
Baltimore Association For The Moral And Educational Improvement Of The Colored People, 1864–1870".
1146:
Fuke, Richard Paul. "The Baltimore Association For The Moral And Educational Improvement Of The Colored People, 1864–1870".
1130:
Fuke, Richard Paul. "The Baltimore Association For The Moral And Educational Improvement Of The Colored People, 1864–1870".
1117:
Fuke, Richard Paul. "The Baltimore Association For The Moral And Educational Improvement Of The Colored People, 1864–1870".
1189:
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297:
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distribute the allocated money for the building and maintenance of African-American schools in the segregated system.
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The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the
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238:
427:
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763:
642:
978:
Dorchester County Resources Committee. "This is Dorchester County, Maryland". Cambridge, Maryland, 1952. p 46.
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There were 41 households, out of which 24.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.8% were
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873:
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The exact origins of Church Creek remain unclear. Popular tradition maintains that Church Creek predates
415:
343:
135:
660:
There were 59 households, of which 23.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.5% were
407:(38.505300, −76.154367). The town is located at the head of the Church Creek river, a tributary of the
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431:
355:
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312:
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Molisani, Jackie. "1860 Census of Dorchester County, Maryland." USA: Family Line Publications, 1984.
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85:
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Schooling the Freed People: Teaching, Learning, and the Struggle for Black Freedom, 1861–1876
746:
1,103, of which 51 percent were occupied as "laborers" and 26 percent occupied as "farmers".
717:
408:
1495:
1435:
654:
248:
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Wroten, William H. Jr. "The Protestant Episcopal Church in Dorchester County, 1692-1860".
705:
for the town was $ 19,700. None of the population and none of the families were below the
8:
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of 2010, there were 125 people, 59 households, and 37 families residing in the town. The
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Megargee, Frank. "Shore Town of Church Creek Adopts Its First Tax In History."
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394:
381:
280:
68:
55:
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418:, the town has a total area of 0.34 square miles (0.88 km), all land.
1479:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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Wharton, Carol. "Sam H. Jones: Mackerel-Barrel Philosopher".
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358:. Church Creek is located approximately six miles south of
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1176:, Univ of North Carolina Press, 2010, Preface, p. xii.
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Instead, private organizations, such as the northern
779:
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754:African-American education during Reconstruction
1524:Maryland populated places on the Chesapeake Bay
665:was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.65.
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1014:. US National Park Service. Archived from
898:Climate Summary for Church Creek, Maryland
845:"US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990"
818:. US National Park Service. Archived from
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657:of any race were 4.8% of the population.
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461:
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434:, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
350:, United States, part of the state's
1519:Towns in Dorchester County, Maryland
1005:"Old Trinity Church HABS MD No. 201"
809:"Old Trinity Church HABS MD No. 201"
721:Old Trinity Church was built c. 1675
649:, and 3.2% from two or more races.
195:0.00 sq mi (0.00 km)
187:0.34 sq mi (0.87 km)
179:0.34 sq mi (0.87 km)
13:
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1212:Municipalities and communities of
1012:Historic American Buildings Survey
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910:"Census of Population and Housing"
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816:Historic American Buildings Survey
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44:Location of Church Creek, Maryland
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354:. The population was 125 at the
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764:American Missionary Association
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16:Town in Maryland, United States
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789:. United States Census Bureau
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428:Köppen Climate Classification
224:302.67/sq mi (116.70/km)
1161:Maryland Historical Magazine
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1132:Maryland Historical Magazine
1119:Maryland Historical Magazine
1041:Maryland Historical Magazine
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7:
1215:Dorchester County, Maryland
960:United States Census Bureau
936:United States Census Bureau
874:United States Census Bureau
849:United States Census Bureau
787:"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files"
430:system, Church Creek has a
416:United States Census Bureau
376:Church Creek is located at
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870:"US Gazetteer files 2010"
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1090:"Church Creek, Maryland"
1150:. 66 (1971): pp 381–382
1134:. 66 (1971): pp 377–378
698:there were 85.7 males.
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23:Church Creek, Maryland
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956:"U.S. Census website"
932:"U.S. Census website"
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618:U.S. Decennial Census
443:Historical population
409:Little Choptank River
395:38.50528°N 76.15444°W
247: • Summer (
69:38.50528°N 76.15444°W
1497:United States portal
1172:Ronald E. Butchart,
1121:. 66 (1971): 371–373
1105:Cited 23 April 2008.
221: • Density
203:3 ft (1 m)
1163:. 66 (1971): pp 384
727:Cambridge, Maryland
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400:38.50528; -76.15444
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74:38.50528; -76.15444
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635:population density
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366:Old Trinity Church
213: • Total
192: • Water
176: • Total
163: • Mayor
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1043:45 (1950): p 106.
735:Incorporated town
703:per capita income
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414:According to the
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184: • Land
166:Robert L. Herbert
155: • Type
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50:Coordinates:
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1456:Williamsburg
1415:Hoopersville
1395:Bishops Head
1293:Church Creek
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340:Church Creek
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325:/churchcreek
142:Incorporated
1376:communities
1230:County seat
1054:Evening Sun
673:2000 census
647:other races
625:2010 census
398: /
356:2010 census
72: /
1513:Categories
1436:Rhodesdale
1100:2008-04-30
965:2008-01-31
941:2013-01-25
884:2013-01-25
855:2011-04-23
774:References
677:As of the
629:As of the
383:38°30′19″N
300:feature ID
208:Population
150:Government
136:Dorchester
57:38°30′19″N
1475:Footnotes
1451:Whitehall
1441:Toddville
1410:Crocheron
1343:Algonquin
1318:Secretary
1308:Galestown
1288:Brookview
1257:Cambridge
1237:Cambridge
793:April 26,
386:76°9′16″W
372:Geography
360:Cambridge
321:/mdmanual
315:.maryland
288:FIPS code
276:Area code
230:Time zone
200:Elevation
60:76°9′16″W
1466:Woolford
1430:Reliance
1420:Linkwood
1400:Bucktown
1303:Eldorado
651:Hispanic
348:Maryland
292:24-17050
264:ZIP code
117:Maryland
1461:Wingate
1358:Madison
1348:Elliott
1313:Hurlock
916:June 4,
741:Economy
713:History
641:, 6.4%
422:Climate
308:Website
303:0589976
86:Country
1425:Lloyds
1390:Beulah
1323:Vienna
679:census
655:Latino
631:census
613:−18.4%
583:−24.8%
538:−11.0%
523:−21.9%
448:Census
323:/37mun
124:County
114:
96:
1405:Crapo
1385:Airey
1374:Other
1279:Towns
1025:6 May
1019:(PDF)
1008:(PDF)
829:6 May
823:(PDF)
812:(PDF)
684:White
639:White
598:47.1%
568:−8.9%
553:−4.6%
493:19.6%
331:.html
327:/html
269:21622
258:(EDT)
256:UTC-4
235:UTC-5
104:State
1334:CDPs
1248:City
1027:2014
918:2015
831:2014
795:2022
604:2020
589:2010
574:2000
559:1990
544:1980
529:1970
514:1960
499:1950
484:1890
469:1880
457:Note
452:Pop.
319:/msa
317:.gov
298:GNIS
171:Area
145:1867
31:Town
653:or
608:102
593:125
563:113
548:124
533:130
518:146
503:187
488:396
473:331
313:msa
281:410
249:DST
216:102
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