816:
257:
749:
1356:
683:
849:
148:
113:
1551:
364:
904:
866:
832:
776:
883:
1563:
794:
429:
908:
907:
912:
910:
906:
887:
911:
886:
891:
889:
885:
890:
799:
798:
795:
800:
909:
888:
675:(typical bugs) evolved from auchenorrhynchans. Hence, a recent trend treats the most advanced hemipterans as three or four lineages, namely Archaeorrhyncha (Fulgoromorpha if included in Auchenorrhyncha), Coleorrhyncha and Heteroptera (sometimes united as
797:
1138:"Non-monophyly of Auchenorrhyncha ("Homoptera"), based upon 18S rDNA phylogeny: eco-evolutionary and cladistic implications within pre-Heteropterodea Hemiptera (s.l.) and a proposal for new monophyletic suborders"
296:
from grass, shrubs, or trees. Their hind legs are modified for jumping, and are covered with hairs that facilitate the spreading of a secretion over their bodies that acts as a water repellent and carrier of
305:, and have various host associations, varying from very generalized to very specific. Some species have a cosmopolitan distribution, or occur throughout the temperate and tropical regions. Some are pests or
1404:
Gurr, Geoff M.; Fletcher, Murray J. (2011). "Silk production by the
Australian endemic leafhopper Kahaono montana Evans (Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Dikraneurini) provides protection from predators".
905:
498:, but as it seems, females rarely engage in such behavior. Many species are also known to opportunistically pierce the human skin and draw blood but the function of such behaviour is unclear.
884:
796:
853:
754:
543:
582:
1267:(2013-01-01). "Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) that probe human skin: A review of the world literature and nineteen new records, from Panama".
781:
2566:
1028:
3611:
3287:
3028:
2788:
2613:
1038:
464:
3297:
2960:
1008:
317:. The family is distributed all over the world, and constitutes the second-largest hemipteran family, with at least 20,000 described species.
3650:
1043:
1033:
988:
1023:
3760:
664:
for similar reasons, as the
Auchenorrhyncha simply seem to group the moderately advanced Hemiptera, regardless of the fact the highly
1600:
Sharpshooter
Leafhoppers of the World (Hemiptera: Cicadellinae) – Online Database with color photos of nearly all described species.
648:
In the now-obsolete classification that was used throughout much of the 20th century, the leafhoppers were part of the
Homoptera, a
3585:
334:. This has sometimes been placed in its own suborder (Clypeorrhyncha), but more recent research retains it within Auchenorrhyncha.
3624:
1594:
1585:
1632:
3629:
1668:
1611:
1535:
Carver, M, FG. Gross, and TE. Woodward. 1991. Hemiptera (bugs, leafhoppers, cicadas, aphids, scale insects, etc.) In:
1082:
1514:
3722:
3564:
403:
The hind tibiae have one or more distinct keels, with a row of movable spines on each, sometimes on enlarged bases.
3655:
3577:
1604:
3637:
1567:
1573:
17:
482:. A leafhoppers' diet commonly consists of sap from a wide and diverse range of plants, but some are more
3494:
3471:
1641:
1208:"Proconiini Sharpshooters of Argentina, with Notes on Its Distribution, Host Plants, and Natural Enemies"
147:
3499:
1160:
559:
475:
3704:
3727:
3665:
1310:
1355:
234:
1492:
1463:
1435:
1112:"Biosystematics: Leafhoppers associated with grasslands of South Africa – Grassland Biome endemics"
815:
1661:
567:
548:
3691:
256:
3462:
3424:
1555:
1161:"Higher-level phylogeny of the insect order Hemiptera: is Auchenorrhyncha really paraphyletic?"
262:
640:
even build silk nests under the leaves of trees they live in, to protect them from predators.
3755:
3750:
3686:
3616:
694:
306:
126:
3678:
1111:
3533:
1172:
924:, which are listed here alphabetically, as too little is known about the family's internal
748:
1599:
1382:
8:
1642:
DrMetcalf: a resource on cicadas, leafhoppers, planthoppers, spittlebugs, and treehoppers
610:
1176:
2587:
2464:
2455:
1654:
1339:
1314:
1292:
1240:
1207:
1206:
Paradell, Susana L.; Virla, Eduardo G.; Logarzo, Guillermo A.; Dellapé, Gimena (2012).
1188:
938:
521:
and bacteria. Cicadellidae species that are significant agricultural pests include the
368:
142:
3714:
3673:
3520:
2247:
2207:
1969:
1413:
1386:
1344:
1284:
1245:
1227:
1184:
870:
836:
714:
380:
3476:
1296:
1192:
598:, including tobacco, tomato, or eggplant, and is a serious vector of the disease in
3525:
3330:
3272:
3267:
3101:
3012:
2775:
2553:
2545:
2472:
2255:
2117:
1582:
1409:
1378:
1334:
1326:
1276:
1235:
1219:
1180:
718:
531:
278:
1629:
682:
3325:
3292:
3231:
3135:
3130:
3067:
3042:
2783:
2636:
2477:
2441:
2431:
2413:
2349:
2004:
1737:
1636:
1589:
1537:
The
Insects of Australia – a Textbook for Students and Research Workers Volume 1.
998:
963:
953:
875:
848:
661:
618:
587:
522:
448:
432:
338:
331:
209:
3642:
3572:
3559:
3351:
3109:
2991:
2754:
2725:
2527:
2436:
2421:
2292:
2279:
2186:
2157:
2037:
1941:
1825:
1784:
1264:
1018:
614:
537:
510:
506:
483:
1459:
1431:
1330:
1280:
3744:
3447:
3399:
3387:
3359:
3218:
3158:
3140:
3096:
3080:
2965:
2950:
2848:
2597:
2582:
2574:
2308:
2231:
2223:
2133:
2009:
1946:
1911:
1872:
1859:
1794:
1774:
1615:
1288:
1231:
1069:
1048:
786:
737:
733:
676:
668:
553:
502:
436:
422:
406:
The base of the middle legs is close together where they originate under the
394:
302:
112:
70:
1646:
455:
stage. While many leafhoppers are drab little insects as is typical for the
3320:
3171:
2996:
2986:
2955:
2917:
2900:
2886:
2874:
2827:
2819:
2665:
2652:
2618:
2426:
2393:
2339:
2215:
2178:
2141:
2096:
1921:
1846:
1838:
1749:
1721:
1488:
1390:
1348:
1249:
973:
958:
943:
858:
759:
721:
710:
706:
649:
599:
495:
456:
444:
348:
324:
219:
1315:"Evolution of parasitism along convergent lines: from ecology to genomics"
1223:
617:. Leafhoppers are also susceptible to various insect pathogens, including
3598:
3486:
3456:
3395:
3338:
3249:
3184:
3166:
3148:
3117:
2945:
2746:
2494:
2386:
2344:
2334:
2329:
2239:
2170:
2162:
2125:
1994:
1989:
1931:
1903:
1886:
1087:
1063:
968:
948:
921:
841:
729:
698:
687:
672:
630:
576:
518:
514:
314:
310:
131:
45:
3282:
3241:
3223:
3004:
2909:
2806:
2798:
2762:
2679:
2321:
2194:
2112:
1999:
1984:
1979:
1956:
1864:
1789:
1779:
1758:
1609:
1137:
1013:
1003:
933:
896:
808:
725:
702:
626:
605:
In some cases, the plant pathogens distributed by leafhoppers are also
595:
421:, which are thought to protect the animals, and particularly their egg
418:
417:
An additional and unique character of leafhoppers is the production of
341:
321:
121:
90:
55:
3603:
3546:
3512:
3302:
3262:
3254:
3194:
3179:
3153:
3051:
2925:
2704:
2696:
2660:
2511:
2362:
2354:
2300:
2199:
2086:
1916:
1709:
1697:
1678:
1369:
Weintraub, PG; Beanland, L (2006). "Insect vectors of phytoplasmas".
978:
925:
653:
487:
479:
363:
345:
298:
293:
199:
179:
159:
95:
3590:
3418:
1612:"New Mexico State University Carol Sutherland leafhopper collection"
865:
831:
3551:
3507:
3441:
3367:
3310:
3210:
3202:
3122:
3059:
3020:
2933:
2840:
2717:
2644:
2532:
2519:
2271:
2263:
2149:
2057:
2049:
1964:
1951:
1936:
1926:
1715:
1550:
1053:
993:
983:
820:
665:
657:
606:
328:
135:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
775:
660:. The splitting of the Homoptera is likely to be repeated for the
594:) can transmit the beet curly top virus to various members of the
3315:
3277:
2978:
2970:
2853:
2733:
1974:
825:
460:
387:
274:
100:
75:
1136:
Sorensen, John T.; Campbell, Bruce C.; Gill, Raymond J. (1995).
1820:
1804:
1703:
1691:
1562:
407:
285:
189:
169:
3699:
3391:
2873:
2384:
2070:
769:
622:
491:
428:
3538:
717:
1205:
452:
390:(simple eyes) are present on the top or front of the head.
1432:"Hemiptera. True bugs, cicadas, leafhoppers, aphids, etc"
468:
2218:(cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, ground pearls)
1630:
Auchenorrhyncha keys, Australia and neighbouring areas
763:
629:
attack the eggs and the adults provide food for small
3398:. Heteroptera with Coleorrhyncha were referred to as
490:, but some are known to eat smaller insects, such as
1135:
400:
The femora are at front with, at most, weak spines.
1539:Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, Australia".
1454:
1452:
447:, the leafhoppers undergo direct development from
320:They belong to a lineage traditionally treated as
1429:
1368:
375:The Cicadellidae combine the following features:
3742:
3007:(assassin bugs, wheel bugs, thread-legged bugs)
1610:NMSU Entomology Plant Pathology; Weed Science.
1483:
1481:
1449:
383:is very short and ends with a bristle (arista).
2635:
2412:
1309:
467:– have largely translucent wings and resemble
1676:
1662:
494:, on occasion. A few species are known to be
1735:
1478:
1403:
2035:
1583:Illinois Natural History Survey:leafhoppers
1519:3I Interactive Keys and Taxonomic Databases
1425:
1423:
1262:
413:The front wings not particularly thickened.
1669:
1655:
1158:
1110:Stiller, Michael (October–December 2009).
358:
111:
1338:
1239:
1159:Cryan, Jason R.; Urban, Julie M. (2012).
1105:
1103:
693:Within the latter, the three traditional
652:assemblage uniting the basal lineages of
463:are quite colorful. Some – in particular
1578:– diagnostic photographs and information
1420:
1362:
902:
881:
864:
847:
830:
814:
792:
774:
747:
681:
427:
362:
255:
1313:; Randhawa, Haseeb S. (February 2015).
1109:
580:spp.), and the white apple leafhopper (
425:, from predation as well as pathogens.
14:
3743:
1595:Leafhoppers of North and South America
1100:
732:(typical treehoppers and thorn bugs),
3423:
3422:
2383:
2034:
1734:
1650:
1430:David R. Maddison (January 1, 1995).
1383:10.1146/annurev.ento.51.110104.151039
1303:
895:Jikradia olitoria leahopper nymph on
3705:D63E616A-431E-FF92-FF7D-46A0FEE3FAFC
3666:d6bbdcec-437d-462b-9c4d-81e1d44bbd4e
3578:5907e03d-0344-487b-87ad-3b415fcdbfee
3161:(jewel bugs or metallic shield bugs)
920:The leafhoppers are divided into 25
636:Some species such as the Australian
2973:(plant bugs, leaf bugs, grass bugs)
2920:(minute pirate bugs or flower bugs)
2577:(marsh treaders or water measurers)
1605:Leafhoppers Pinellas County Florida
916:Fieberiella florii nymph leafhopper
899:leaf (nearly eight millimeters long
609:of the insects themselves, and can
602:in the Southwestern United States.
24:
1529:
486:-specific. Leafhoppers mainly are
25:
3772:
3761:Insect vectors of plant pathogens
3112:(giant shield bugs and relatives)
1867:(typical treehoppers, thorn bugs)
1543:
1083:List of animals that produce silk
1561:
1549:
1414:10.1111/j.1440-6055.2011.00813.x
1406:Australian Journal of Entomology
1354:
1185:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00611.x
459:, the adults and nymphs of some
146:
43:
3305:(milkweed bugs, true seed bugs)
3213:(squash bugs, leaf-footed bugs)
2480:(unique-headed bugs, gnat bugs)
1507:
713:. The leafhoppers are the most
701:(froghoppers and spittlebugs),
2736:(water scorpions, needle bugs)
1397:
1256:
1199:
1152:
1129:
743:
643:
292:, are plant feeders that suck
13:
1:
1269:Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews
1093:
574:), rice green leafhoppers (
7:
3362:(red bugs, cotton stainers)
1371:Annual Review of Entomology
1076:
764:
541:), two-spotted leafhopper (
478:, enabling them to feed on
476:piercing-sucking mouthparts
397:are made of three segments.
273:is the common name for any
10:
3777:
3712:World Auchenorrhyncha DB:
560:glassy-winged sharpshooter
529:), the maize leafhopper (
379:The thickened part of the
260:Candy-striped Leafhopper (
3431:
3383:
3350:
3240:
3193:
3079:
3050:
3041:
2908:
2899:
2869:
2839:
2818:
2797:
2774:
2745:
2716:
2695:
2678:
2631:
2596:
2565:
2544:
2510:
2493:
2463:
2454:
2408:
2404:
2379:
2320:
2291:
2189:(pupillarial palm scales)
2095:
2069:
2048:
2044:
2030:
1902:
1885:
1837:
1803:
1757:
1748:
1744:
1730:
1686:
1331:10.1017/S0031182013001674
1281:10.1163/18749836-06001064
1212:Journal of Insect Science
854:Evacanthus nigramericanus
301:. They undergo a partial
247:
242:
143:Scientific classification
141:
119:
110:
34:
1493:Tree of Life Web Project
1464:Tree of Life Web Project
1436:Tree of Life Web Project
1263:Núñez, Edwin DomĂnguez;
1142:Pan-Pacific Entomologist
613:within the leafhoppers'
288:, colloquially known as
2303:(woolly conifer aphids)
568:common brown leafhopper
564:Homalodisca vitripennis
549:blue-green sharpshooter
359:Description and ecology
3226:(scentless plant bugs)
2226:(Mediterranean scales)
1576:Graphocephala coccinea
1574:Red-banded leafhopper
917:
900:
879:
862:
845:
828:
812:
790:
772:
755:Bothrogonia ferruginea
690:
679:) and Clypeorrhyncha.
621:viruses, bacteria and
535:), potato leafhopper (
440:
372:
351:are commonly known as
267:
263:Graphocephala coccinea
3687:Paleobiology Database
3370:(bordered plant bugs)
3143:(includes ebony bugs)
2809:(creeping water bugs)
1224:10.1673/031.012.11601
1165:Systematic Entomology
1119:Plant Protection News
1061:Further information:
915:
894:
868:
851:
834:
818:
803:
778:
751:
685:
431:
366:
259:
127:Eurymeloides bicincta
3573:Fauna Europaea (new)
3341:(ash-grey leaf bugs)
3333:(atypical seed bugs)
2999:(old world bat bugs)
2928:(bed bugs, bat bugs)
2856:(pygmy backswimmers)
2765:(velvety shore bugs)
2357:(jumping plant lice)
1570:at Wikimedia Commons
471:at a casual glance.
120:Adult two-lined gum
3205:(broad-headed bugs)
2556:(velvet water bugs)
2144:(ornate pit scales)
1325:(Suppl 1): S6–S15.
1177:2012SysEn..37....7C
592:Circulifer tenellus
544:Sophonia rufofascia
527:Circulifer tenellus
451:to adult without a
435:of an unidentified
2728:(giant water bugs)
2655:(spiny shore bugs)
2588:Paraphrynoveliidae
2501:(semiaquatic bugs)
2456:Enicocephalomorpha
2250:(phenacoleachiids)
2248:Phenacoleachiidae
2210:(false pit scales)
2208:Lecanodiaspididae
1635:2016-07-18 at the
1588:2015-04-17 at the
939:Bathysmatophorinae
918:
901:
880:
863:
846:
829:
813:
791:
773:
765:tsumaguro-ĹŤyokobai
691:
583:Typhlocyba pomaria
572:Orosius orientalis
441:
373:
369:Eurymela distincta
268:
3738:
3737:
3674:Open Tree of Life
3425:Taxon identifiers
3416:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3379:
3378:
3371:
3363:
3342:
3334:
3331:Rhyparochromidae
3306:
3258:
3227:
3214:
3206:
3175:
3162:
3144:
3126:
3113:
3105:
3102:Acanthosomatidae
3089:
3071:
3063:
3037:
3036:
3024:
3016:
3015:(royal palm bugs)
3013:Thaumastocoridae
3008:
3000:
2982:
2974:
2941:
2929:
2921:
2895:
2894:
2865:
2864:
2857:
2831:
2810:
2766:
2758:
2737:
2729:
2708:
2688:
2686:(true water bugs)
2674:
2673:
2656:
2648:
2627:
2626:
2606:
2578:
2557:
2536:
2523:
2503:
2489:
2488:
2481:
2450:
2449:
2399:
2375:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2358:
2312:
2304:
2283:
2275:
2274:(giant mealybugs)
2267:
2259:
2256:Phoenicococcidae
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2190:
2182:
2174:
2166:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2118:Asterolecaniidae
2105:
2079:
2061:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2018:
2017:
1970:Hypochthonellidae
1960:
1895:
1881:
1880:
1868:
1855:
1829:
1813:
1767:
1566:Media related to
1521:. April 28, 2020.
1495:. January 1, 1995
1466:. January 1, 1995
1460:"Auchenorrhyncha"
913:
892:
871:Stirellus bicolor
837:Jikradia olitoria
805:Aphrodes makarovi
801:
596:nightshade family
474:Leafhoppers have
254:
253:
238:
134:) with symbiotic
27:Family of insects
16:(Redirected from
3768:
3731:
3730:
3718:
3717:
3708:
3707:
3695:
3694:
3682:
3681:
3669:
3668:
3659:
3658:
3646:
3645:
3643:NHMSYS0020475498
3633:
3632:
3620:
3619:
3607:
3606:
3594:
3593:
3581:
3580:
3568:
3567:
3555:
3554:
3542:
3541:
3529:
3528:
3516:
3515:
3503:
3502:
3490:
3489:
3480:
3479:
3467:
3466:
3465:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3420:
3419:
3390:are a different
3385:
3369:
3361:
3340:
3332:
3304:
3273:Cryptorhamphidae
3268:Colobathristidae
3256:
3225:
3212:
3204:
3173:
3160:
3142:
3125:(burrowing bugs)
3124:
3111:
3103:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3069:
3068:Termitaphididae
3061:
3048:
3047:
3022:
3014:
3006:
2998:
2980:
2972:
2938:Curalium cronini
2935:
2927:
2919:
2906:
2905:
2879:
2871:
2870:
2855:
2829:
2808:
2776:Aphelocheiroidea
2764:
2756:
2735:
2727:
2706:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2654:
2646:
2633:
2632:
2607:
2605:
2604:(water treaders)
2602:
2576:
2555:
2534:
2522:(water striders)
2521:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2479:
2478:Enicocephalidae
2473:Aenictopecheidae
2465:Enicocephaloidea
2461:
2460:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2381:
2380:
2356:
2310:
2302:
2281:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2188:
2180:
2173:(armored scales)
2172:
2164:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2127:
2119:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2059:
2046:
2045:
2032:
2031:
1958:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1866:
1853:
1827:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1755:
1754:
1746:
1745:
1732:
1731:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1648:
1647:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1614:. Archived from
1565:
1554:Data related to
1553:
1523:
1522:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1456:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1352:
1342:
1307:
1301:
1300:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1243:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1116:
1107:
914:
893:
802:
767:
532:Cicadulina mbila
505:that can act as
501:Leafhoppers are
233:
151:
150:
115:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
31:
21:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3726:
3721:
3713:
3711:
3703:
3698:
3690:
3685:
3677:
3672:
3664:
3662:
3654:
3649:
3641:
3636:
3628:
3623:
3615:
3610:
3602:
3597:
3589:
3584:
3576:
3571:
3563:
3558:
3550:
3545:
3537:
3532:
3524:
3519:
3511:
3506:
3498:
3493:
3485:
3483:
3475:
3470:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3446:
3445:
3440:
3427:
3417:
3404:
3375:
3346:
3326:Pachygronthidae
3293:Heterogastridae
3236:
3232:Stenocephalidae
3189:
3136:Parastrachiidae
3131:Thaumastellidae
3110:Tessaratomidae
3086:
3084:
3083:
3075:
3043:Pentatomomorpha
3033:
2891:
2878:(Coleorrhyncha)
2877:
2876:
2875:Peloridiomorpha
2861:
2835:
2814:
2793:
2784:Aphelocheiridae
2770:
2755:Gelastocoridae
2741:
2726:Belostomatidae
2712:
2707:(water boatmen)
2685:
2683:
2682:
2670:
2637:Leptopodomorpha
2623:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2592:
2561:
2540:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2485:
2446:
2442:Stemmocryptidae
2432:Hypsipterygidae
2414:Dipsocoromorpha
2400:
2396:
2390:
2367:
2350:Phacopteronidae
2316:
2287:
2282:(stictococcids)
2280:Stictococcidae
2264:Pseudococcidae
2242:(ensign scales)
2187:Halimococcidae
2103:(scale insects)
2102:
2100:
2099:
2091:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2065:
2040:
2014:
2005:Tettigometridae
1892:
1890:
1889:
1877:
1833:
1828:(hairy cicadas)
1826:Tettigarctidae
1810:
1808:
1807:
1799:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1740:
1738:Auchenorrhyncha
1726:
1682:
1675:
1637:Wayback Machine
1621:
1619:
1590:Wayback Machine
1546:
1532:
1530:Further reading
1527:
1526:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1498:
1496:
1487:
1486:
1479:
1469:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1428:
1421:
1402:
1398:
1367:
1363:
1353:
1308:
1304:
1265:Aiello, Annette
1261:
1257:
1204:
1200:
1157:
1153:
1134:
1130:
1114:
1108:
1101:
1096:
1079:
1058:
999:Megophthalminae
964:Euacanthellinae
954:Deltocephalinae
903:
882:
876:Deltocephalinae
793:
782:Eupteryx aurata
752:Mating pair of
746:
709:– appear to be
662:Auchenorrhyncha
646:
638:Kahaono montana
619:Dicistroviridae
615:salivary glands
588:beet leafhopper
523:beet leafhopper
511:plant pathogens
361:
337:Members of the
332:Auchenorrhyncha
284:. These minute
232:
210:Auchenorrhyncha
145:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3774:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3719:
3709:
3696:
3683:
3670:
3660:
3647:
3634:
3621:
3608:
3595:
3582:
3569:
3560:Fauna Europaea
3556:
3543:
3530:
3517:
3504:
3491:
3481:
3468:
3453:
3437:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3414:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3365:
3360:Pyrrhocoridae
3356:
3354:
3352:Pyrrhocoroidea
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3336:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3252:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3229:
3221:
3216:
3208:
3199:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3169:
3164:
3159:Scutelleridae
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:Thyreocoridae
3138:
3133:
3128:
3120:
3115:
3107:
3099:
3093:
3091:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3070:(termite bugs)
3065:
3056:
3054:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3018:
3010:
3002:
2994:
2992:Plokiophilidae
2989:
2984:
2976:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2931:
2923:
2914:
2912:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2883:
2881:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2851:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2830:(backswimmers)
2824:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2803:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2780:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2760:
2751:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2731:
2722:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2701:
2699:
2690:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2650:
2641:
2639:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2610:
2608:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:Hydrometridae
2571:
2569:
2567:Hydrometroidea
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2550:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2530:
2528:Hermatobatidae
2525:
2516:
2514:
2505:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2437:Schizopteridae
2434:
2429:
2424:
2422:Ceratocombidae
2418:
2416:
2402:
2401:
2377:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2311:(phylloxerans)
2309:Phylloxeridae
2306:
2297:
2295:
2293:Phylloxeroidea
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2277:
2269:
2261:
2253:
2245:
2237:
2234:(giant scales)
2232:Monophlebidae
2229:
2224:Micrococcidae
2221:
2213:
2205:
2197:
2192:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2163:Dactylopiidae
2160:
2158:Conchaspididae
2155:
2147:
2139:
2136:(carayonemids)
2134:Carayonemidae
2131:
2123:
2115:
2109:
2107:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2054:
2052:
2042:
2041:
2038:Sternorrhyncha
2028:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1959:(lanternflies)
1954:
1949:
1944:
1942:Dictyopharidae
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1897:
1893:(planthoppers)
1883:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1862:
1857:
1849:
1843:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1785:Clastopteridae
1782:
1777:
1771:
1769:
1752:
1742:
1741:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1627:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1580:
1571:
1559:
1558:at Wikispecies
1545:
1544:External links
1542:
1541:
1540:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1515:"Cicadellidae"
1506:
1489:"Membracoidea"
1477:
1448:
1419:
1396:
1361:
1311:Poulin, Robert
1302:
1275:(3): 201–225.
1255:
1198:
1151:
1128:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1029:Phereurhininae
1026:
1021:
1019:Neocoelidiinae
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
930:
745:
742:
705:(cicadas) and
656:and ranked as
645:
642:
538:Empoasca fabae
509:transmitting
503:micropredators
415:
414:
411:
404:
401:
398:
391:
384:
360:
357:
252:
251:
245:
244:
240:
239:
227:
223:
222:
217:
213:
212:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
139:
138:
117:
116:
108:
107:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
37:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3773:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3729:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3706:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3661:
3657:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3421:
3401:
3400:Prosorrhyncha
3397:
3393:
3389:
3388:Coleorrhyncha
3382:
3372:
3366:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3343:
3337:
3335:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3288:Henicocoridae
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3222:
3220:
3219:Hyocephalidae
3217:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3172:Pentatomidae
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3108:
3106:
3104:(shield bugs)
3100:
3098:
3097:Urostylididae
3095:
3094:
3092:
3087:(shield bugs)
3082:
3081:Pentatomoidea
3078:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3030:
3029:Velocipedidae
3027:
3025:
3019:
3017:
3011:
3009:
3003:
3001:
2997:Polyctenidae
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2981:(damsel bugs)
2977:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2966:Microphysidae
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2951:Lasiochilidae
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2932:
2930:
2924:
2922:
2918:Anthocoridae
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2872:
2868:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2849:Helotrephidae
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2828:Notonectidae
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2820:Notonectoidea
2817:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2789:Potamocoridae
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2738:
2732:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2691:
2681:
2677:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2653:Leptopodidae
2651:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2614:Madeoveliidae
2612:
2611:
2609:
2599:
2598:Mesovelioidea
2595:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2583:Macroveliidae
2581:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2535:(riffle bugs)
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2395:
2394:Coleorrhyncha
2388:
2382:
2378:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2276:
2270:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2258:(palm scales)
2254:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2222:
2220:
2216:Margarodidae
2214:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2185:
2183:
2181:(felt scales)
2179:Eriococcidae
2177:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2152:(soft scales)
2148:
2146:
2142:Cerococcidae
2140:
2138:
2132:
2130:
2124:
2122:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2029:
2011:
2010:Tropiduchidae
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1947:Eurybrachidae
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1912:Acanaloniidae
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1888:
1887:Fulgoromorpha
1884:
1874:
1873:Myerslopiidae
1871:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1860:Melizoderidae
1858:
1856:
1854:(leafhoppers)
1852:Cicadellidae
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1806:
1802:
1796:
1795:Machaerotidae
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1775:Aphrophoridae
1773:
1772:
1770:
1765:(froghoppers)
1760:
1756:
1753:
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1739:
1733:
1729:
1723:
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1701:
1699:
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1689:
1688:
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1680:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1618:on 2013-05-01
1617:
1613:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
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1587:
1584:
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1577:
1572:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1437:
1433:
1426:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1400:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1365:
1357:
1350:
1346:
1341:
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1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1155:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1099:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1072:
1071:
1070:Utecha trivia
1066:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1049:Typhlocybinae
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1039:Signoretiinae
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
929:
927:
923:
898:
877:
873:
872:
867:
860:
856:
855:
850:
843:
839:
838:
833:
827:
823:
822:
817:
810:
806:
788:
787:Typhlocybinae
784:
783:
777:
771:
766:
762:), known as
761:
757:
756:
750:
741:
739:
738:Myerslopiidae
735:
734:Melizoderidae
731:
727:
723:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
695:superfamilies
689:
684:
680:
678:
677:Prosorrhyncha
674:
670:
669:Coleorrhyncha
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
641:
639:
634:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:
579:
578:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
555:
554:Graphocephala
550:
546:
545:
540:
539:
534:
533:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
465:Stegelytrinae
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
438:
437:Typhlocybinae
434:
430:
426:
424:
420:
412:
409:
405:
402:
399:
396:
392:
389:
385:
382:
378:
377:
376:
371:
370:
365:
356:
354:
353:sharpshooters
350:
347:
343:
340:
335:
333:
330:
326:
323:
318:
316:
312:
311:plant viruses
308:
304:
303:metamorphosis
300:
295:
291:
287:
283:
280:
276:
272:
265:
264:
258:
250:
249:24, see text
246:
241:
236:
231:
228:
225:
224:
221:
218:
216:Superfamily:
215:
214:
211:
208:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
149:
144:
140:
137:
133:
129:
128:
123:
118:
114:
109:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:Aptian–Recent
33:
30:
19:
3756:Membracoidea
3751:Cicadellidae
3477:CICADELLIDAE
3463:Cicadellidae
3433:Cicadellidae
3432:
3339:Piesmatidae
3321:Oxycarenidae
3298:Idiostolidae
3257:(stilt bugs)
3174:(stink bugs)
2987:Pachynomidae
2961:Medocostidae
2956:Lyctocoridae
2937:
2901:Cimicomorpha
2887:Peloridiidae
2666:Aepophilidae
2647:(shore bugs)
2619:Mesoveliidae
2427:Dipsocoridae
2340:Carsidaridae
2240:Ortheziidae
2202:(lac scales)
2171:Diaspididae
2165:(cochineals)
2128:(beesoniids)
2126:Beesoniidae
2120:(pit scales)
2060:(whiteflies)
2058:Aleyrodidae
2050:Aleyrodoidea
1922:Achilixiidae
1865:Membracidae
1851:
1847:Aetalionidae
1839:Membracoidea
1750:Cicadomorpha
1722:Paraneoptera
1720:Superorder:
1714:Infraclass:
1620:. Retrieved
1616:the original
1575:
1568:Cicadellidae
1556:Cicadellidae
1536:
1518:
1509:
1497:. Retrieved
1468:. Retrieved
1439:. Retrieved
1405:
1399:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1322:
1319:Parasitology
1318:
1305:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1218:(116): 116.
1215:
1211:
1201:
1168:
1164:
1154:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1122:
1118:
1068:
1062:
1009:Nastlopiinae
974:Evacanthinae
959:Errhomeninae
944:Cicadellinae
919:
869:
859:Evacanthinae
852:
835:
819:
804:
780:
760:Cicadellinae
753:
724:(aetalionid
722:Aetalionidae
711:monophyletic
707:Membracoidea
692:
650:paraphyletic
647:
637:
635:
631:insectivores
604:
600:chili pepper
591:
581:
575:
571:
563:
556:atropunctata
552:
542:
536:
530:
526:
519:phytoplasmas
500:
496:mud-puddling
473:
457:Membracoidea
445:Exopterygota
442:
416:
374:
367:
352:
349:Cicadellinae
336:
325:Cicadomorpha
319:
315:phytoplasmas
289:
282:Cicadellidae
281:
270:
269:
261:
248:
243:Subfamilies
230:Cicadellidae
229:
220:Membracoidea
125:
29:
18:Cicadellidae
3599:iNaturalist
3457:Wikispecies
3396:Heteroptera
3250:Artheneidae
3224:Rhopalidae
3185:Megarididae
3167:Plataspidae
3149:Lestoniidae
3118:Dinidoridae
3062:(flat bugs)
3023:(lace bugs)
3005:Reduviidae
2946:Joppeicidae
2934:Curaliidae
2807:Naucoridae
2799:Naucoroidea
2763:Ochteridae
2757:(toad bugs)
2747:Ochteroidea
2495:Gerromorpha
2387:Heteroptera
2345:Homotomidae
2335:Calophyidae
2330:Aphalaridae
2266:(mealybugs)
1995:Nogodinidae
1990:Meenoplidae
1957:Fulgoridae
1932:Delphacidae
1904:Fulgoroidea
1759:Cercopoidea
1171:(1): 7–21.
1148:(1): 31–60.
1088:Planthopper
1064:Agalliopsis
1044:Tartessinae
969:Eurymelinae
949:Coelidiinae
922:subfamilies
874:(subfamily
857:(subfamily
842:Coelidiinae
840:(subfamily
807:in copula (
744:Subfamilies
730:Membracidae
726:treehoppers
699:Cercopoidea
688:Coelidiinae
673:Heteroptera
644:Systematics
627:parasitoids
625:; numerous
577:Nephotettix
443:Like other
419:brochosomes
132:Eurymelinae
122:treehoppers
35:Leafhoppers
3745:Categories
3303:Lygaeidae
3283:Geocoridae
3255:Berytidae
3242:Lygaeoidea
2926:Cimicidae
2910:Cimicoidea
2705:Corixidae
2697:Corixoidea
2680:Nepomorpha
2355:Psyllidae
2322:Psylloidea
2301:Adelgidae
2200:Kerriidae
2195:Kermesidae
2113:Aclerdidae
2071:Aphidoidea
2000:Ricaniidae
1985:Lophopidae
1980:Kinnaridae
1805:Cicadoidea
1790:Epipygidae
1780:Cercopidae
1708:Subclass:
1698:Arthropoda
1622:2013-07-15
1499:August 24,
1470:August 24,
1441:August 24,
1377:: 91–111.
1094:References
1034:Portaninae
1014:Neobalinae
1004:Mileewinae
989:Jascopinae
934:Aphrodinae
897:sweet corn
809:Aphrodinae
703:Cicadoidea
666:apomorphic
513:, such as
488:herbivores
342:Proconiini
322:infraorder
299:pheromones
271:Leafhopper
206:Suborder:
180:Arthropoda
3368:Largidae
3263:Blissidae
3211:Coreidae
3203:Alydidae
3195:Coreoidea
3180:Canopidae
3154:Phloeidae
3123:Cydnidae
3060:Aradidae
3052:Aradoidea
3021:Tingidae
2661:Omaniidae
2645:Saldidae
2554:Hebridae
2546:Hebroidea
2533:Veliidae
2520:Gerridae
2512:Gerroidea
2385:Suborder
2363:Triozidae
2272:Putoidae
2150:Coccidae
2097:Coccoidea
2087:Aphididae
2036:Suborder
1917:Achilidae
1821:Cicadidae
1811:(cicadas)
1736:Suborder
1710:Pterygota
1690:Kingdom:
1679:Hemiptera
1289:1874-9836
1232:1536-2442
1024:Nioniinae
979:Hylicinae
926:phylogeny
686:Nymph of
654:Hemiptera
611:replicate
607:pathogens
480:plant sap
346:subfamily
294:plant sap
277:from the
235:Latreille
200:Hemiptera
166:Kingdom:
160:Eukaryota
136:meat ants
3508:BugGuide
3484:BioLib:
3442:Wikidata
3311:Malcidae
2979:Nabidae
2971:Miridae
2854:Pleidae
2841:Pleoidea
2734:Nepidae
2718:Nepoidea
2077:(aphids)
1965:Gengidae
1952:Flatidae
1937:Derbidae
1927:Cixiidae
1716:Neoptera
1696:Phylum:
1692:Animalia
1681:families
1633:Archived
1586:Archived
1391:16332205
1349:24229807
1297:36637453
1250:23445207
1193:86564882
1077:See also
1054:Ulopinae
994:Ledrinae
984:Iassinae
821:Gyponana
719:families
658:suborder
423:clutches
381:antennae
329:suborder
226:Family:
176:Phylum:
170:Animalia
156:Domain:
3448:Q244452
3316:Ninidae
3278:Cymidae
1975:Issidae
1704:Insecta
1702:Class:
1677:Extant
1340:4413784
1241:3633250
1173:Bibcode
826:Arizona
586:). The
566:), the
515:viruses
507:vectors
461:species
439:species
344:of the
327:in the
307:vectors
290:hoppers
286:insects
275:species
196:Order:
190:Insecta
186:Class:
3728:883285
3692:175505
3679:990675
3663:NZOR:
3630:109171
3617:117103
3552:1CICDF
3386:Note:
1408:: no.
1389:
1347:
1337:
1295:
1287:
1248:
1238:
1230:
1191:
779:Adult
736:, and
492:aphids
408:thorax
388:ocelli
279:family
237:, 1802
3723:WoRMS
3715:13595
3700:Plazi
3656:30102
3612:IRMNG
3604:53237
3565:15880
3526:8HBPX
3500:26328
3487:16831
3394:from
3392:clade
2391:(with
1293:S2CID
1189:S2CID
1115:(PDF)
824:from
770:Japan
715:basal
623:fungi
469:flies
453:pupal
449:nymph
433:Nymph
395:tarsi
339:tribe
3651:NCBI
3625:ITIS
3591:9647
3586:GBIF
3547:EPPO
3495:BOLD
1501:2010
1472:2010
1443:2010
1387:PMID
1345:PMID
1285:ISSN
1246:PMID
1228:ISSN
1125:: 6.
671:and
484:host
393:The
386:Two
313:and
46:Preęž’
3638:NBN
3539:567
3534:EoL
3521:CoL
3513:146
3472:AFD
1410:doi
1379:doi
1335:PMC
1327:doi
1323:142
1277:doi
1236:PMC
1220:doi
1181:doi
768:in
728:),
558:),
547:),
309:of
3747::
3725::
3702::
3689::
3676::
3653::
3640::
3627::
3614::
3601::
3588::
3575::
3562::
3549::
3536::
3523::
3510::
3497::
3474::
3459::
3444::
1517:.
1491:.
1480:^
1462:.
1451:^
1434:.
1422:^
1385:.
1375:51
1373:.
1343:.
1333:.
1321:.
1317:.
1291:.
1283:.
1271:.
1244:.
1234:.
1226:.
1216:12
1214:.
1210:.
1187:.
1179:.
1169:37
1167:.
1163:.
1146:71
1144:.
1140:.
1123:82
1121:.
1117:.
1102:^
1067:,
928:.
740:.
697:–
633:.
517:,
355:.
130:,
96:Pg
3402:.
2940:)
2936:(
2397:)
1670:e
1663:t
1656:v
1625:.
1503:.
1474:.
1445:.
1416:.
1412::
1393:.
1381::
1351:.
1329::
1299:.
1279::
1273:6
1252:.
1222::
1195:.
1183::
1175::
878:)
861:)
844:)
811:)
789:)
785:(
758:(
590:(
570:(
562:(
551:(
525:(
410:.
266:)
124:(
101:N
91:K
86:J
81:T
76:P
71:C
66:D
61:S
56:O
51:ęž’
20:)
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