Cinema of the United Kingdom

2475: 2211: 45: 4240: 215: 36: 3179: 2800: 13717: 4773: 5152: 2653: 990: 4993: 4855: 946: 1371: 3348:, a tax concession, in the same year. The concession had made it possible for an overseas based film company to write off a large amount of its production costs by filming in the UK – this was what attracted a succession of big-budget American productions to British studios in the 1970s. These factors led to significant changes in the industry, with the profitability of British films now "increasingly reliant on secondary markets such as video and television, and 4147: 10793: 9322: 1563: 3333: 1292: 930: 3814: 4677: 3390: 13703: 5138: 1998: 3011: 2398: 1700: 938: 10803: 954: 2523:" documentary film movement. The 1956 statement of Free Cinema, the name was coined by Anderson, asserted: "No film can be too personal. The image speaks. Sounds amplifies and comments. Size is irrelevant. Perfection is not an aim. An attitude means a style. A style means an attitude." Anderson, in particular, was dismissive of the commercial film industry. Their documentary films included Anderson's 1159: 4163:

The first decade of the 21st century was a relatively successful one for the British film industry. Many British films found a wide international audience due to funding from BBC Films, Film 4 and the UK Film Council, and some independent production companies, such as Working Title, secured financing

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In 1980, only 31 British films were made, a 50% decline from the previous year and the lowest number since 1914, and production fell again in 1981 to 24 films. The industry suffered further blows from falling cinema attendances, which reached a record low of 54 million in 1984, and the elimination of

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published in December 2013 found that of the 613 tracked British films released between 2003 and 2010 only 7% made a profit. Films with low budgets, those that cost below £500,000 to produce, were even less likely to gain a return on outlay. Of these films, only 3.1% went into the black. At the top

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During the 1950s, the British industry began to concentrate on popular comedies and World War II dramas aimed more squarely at the domestic audience. The war films were often based on true stories and made in a similar low-key style to their wartime predecessors. They helped to make stars of actors

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to boost local production, requiring that cinemas show a certain percentage of British films. The act was technically a success, with audiences for British films becoming larger than the quota required, but it had the effect of creating a market for poor quality, low cost films, made to satisfy the

1803:"The idea of a nation of devoted cinema-goers is inextricably linked with the number of classic films released during the war years. This was British cinema’s ‘golden age’, a period in which filmmakers such as Humphrey Jennings, David Lean, Powell and Pressburger, and Carol Reed came to the fore." 3827:

Compared to the 1980s, investment in film production rose dramatically. In 1989, annual investment was a meagre £104 million. By 1996, this figure had soared to £741 million. Nevertheless, the dependence on finance from television broadcasters such as the BBC and Channel 4 meant that budgets were

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In the early 1970s, the government reduced its funding of the National Film Finance Corporation so the NFFC started to operate as a consortium, including with banks, which led to them using more commercial criteria for funding British films rather than focusing on quality or new talent, moving to

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By the mid-1920s the British film industry was losing out to heavy competition from the United States, which was helped by its much larger home market – in 1914 25% of films shown in the UK were British, but by 1926 this had fallen to 5%. A slump in 1924 caused many British film studios to close,

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Towards the end of the 1940s, the Rank Organisation became the dominant force behind British film-making, having acquired a number of British studios and the Gaumont chain (in 1941) to add to its Odeon Cinemas. Rank's serious financial crisis in 1949, a substantial loss and debt, resulted in the

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The availability of high-speed internet has made the British film industry capable of working closely with U.S. studios as part of globally distributed productions. As of 2005, this trend is expected to continue with moves towards (currently experimental) digital distribution and projection as

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based on the events surrounding the death of Princess Diana, which won the Best Actress prize at the Venice Film Festival and Academy Awards and the BAFTA for Best Film. In 2006, Ken Loach won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival with his account of the struggle for Irish Independence in

1356:, learnt their craft making such films. The act was modified with the Cinematograph Films Act 1938 assisted the British film industry by specifying only films made by and shot in Great Britain would be included in the quota, an act that severely reduced Canadian and Australian film production. 1724:

Rising expenditure and over-optimistic expectations of expansion into the American market caused a financial crisis in 1937, after an all-time high of 192 films were released in 1936. Of the 640 British production companies registered between 1925 and 1936, only 20 were still active in 1937.

1436:. John Maxwell's BIP became the Associated British Picture Corporation (ABPC) in 1933. ABPC's studios in Elstree came to be known as the "porridge factory", according to Lou Alexander, "for reasons more likely to do with the quantity of films that the company turned out, than their quality". 4814:

The film industry remains an important earner for the British economy. According to a UK Film Council press release of 20 January 2011, £1.115 billion was spent on UK film production during 2010. A 2014 survey suggested that British-made films were generally more highly rated than Hollywood

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Although the earliest British films were of everyday events, the early 20th century saw the appearance of narrative shorts, mainly comedies and melodramas. The early films were often melodramatic in tone, and there was a distinct preference for story lines already known to the audience, in

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said that his government had bold ambitions for the film industry: "Our role, and that of the BFI, should be to support the sector in becoming even more dynamic and entrepreneurial, helping UK producers to make commercially successful pictures that rival the quality and impact of the best

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into three franchises (The Film Consortium, Pathé Pictures, and DNA) would fill the gap, but "corporate and equity finance for the UK film production industry continues to be thin on the ground and most production companies operating in the sector remain hopelessly under-capitalised."

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of four years earlier, which advocated the decriminalising of homosexual sexual activity, this was "the first British film to deal explicitly with homosexuality". Unlike the New Wave film makers though, critical responses to Dearden's and Relph's work have not generally been positive.

11598: 4964:. Unlike the previous generation of British film makers who had broken into directing and production after careers in the theatre or on television, the Art Cinema Directors were mostly the products of Art Schools. Many of these filmmakers were championed in their early career by the 4737:

in August 2010 to protest the decision to close the Council. Eastwood warned Osborne that the closure could result in fewer foreign production companies choosing to work in the UK. A grass-roots online campaign was launched and a petition established by supporters of the Council.

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has been described as "the nearest thing to a mogul that British cinema has had in the last quarter of the 20th century." Under Puttnam, a generation of British directors emerged making popular films with international distribution. Some of the talent backed by Puttnam —

4398:, a timely addition to the film festival calendar, which recognised the influence of urban and black films on UK audiences and consequently began to showcase a growing profile of films in a genre previously not otherwise regularly seen in the capital's cinemas. Then, in 2006, 4838:

The BFI's published figures reported £6.27 billion spent on film and high-end television production in 2022, with domestic UK film spend at £173.6 million. While the total spend was at a record high for the UK, the independent UK filmmaking spend decreased by 31% since 2021.

2145:). The tax came into effect on 8 August, applying to all imported films, of which the overwhelming majority came from the United States; American film studio revenues from the UK had been in excess of US$ 68 million in 1946. The following day, 9 August, the 4811:

international productions. Just as the British Film Commission has played a crucial role in attracting the biggest and best international studios to produce their films here, so we must incentivise UK producers to chase new markets both here and overseas."

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On 26 July 2010 it was announced that the UK Film Council, which was the main body responsible for the development of promotion of British cinema during the 2000s, would be abolished, with many of the abolished body's functions being taken over by the

755:(from 1888) was shot in the United Kingdom as well as early colour films. While film production reached an all-time high in 1936, the "golden age" of British cinema is usually thought to have occurred in the 1940s, during which the directors 897:

In 2009, British films grossed around $ 2 billion worldwide and achieved a market share of around 7% globally and 17% in the United Kingdom. UK box-office takings totalled £1.1 billion in 2012, with 172.5 million admissions.

4310:) and star (Dev Patel)—the film was all-British financed via Film4 and Celador. It has received worldwide critical acclaim. It has won four Golden Globes, seven BAFTA Awards and eight Academy Awards, including Best Director and Best Film. 4983:

commissioning strand, Art Cinema was promoted to a wider audience. However, the Channel had a sharp change in its commissioning policy in the early 1990s and Greenaway and others were forced to seek European co-production financing.

11904: 4869:'s foundation of a production board in 1964—and a substantial increase in public funding from 1971 onwards—enabled it to become a dominant force in developing British art cinema in the 1970s and 80s: from the first of 2501:') attempted in commercial feature films released between around 1959 and 1963 to convey narratives about a wider spectrum of people in Britain than the country's earlier films had done. These individuals, principally 2175:

receipts in the United Kingdom in order to support the British Film industry. It was established in 1950 coming into effect in 1957. A direct governmental payment to British-based producers would have qualified as a

1467:, who opened his first cinema in 1928. By 1937, these three chains controlled almost a quarter of all cinemas in the country. A booking by one of these chains was indispensable for the success of any British film. 9805: 6521: 7236: 4972:. Peter Greenaway was an early pioneer of the use of computer generated imagery blended with filmed footage and was also one of the first directors to film entirely on high definition video for a cinema release. 3828:

often low and indigenous production was very fragmented: the film industry mostly relied on Hollywood inward investment. According to critic Neil Watson, it was hoped that the £90 million apportioned by the new

1729:", for UK companies to make fewer films, but of higher quality, and to eliminate the "quota quickies". Influenced by world politics, it encouraged American investment and imports. One result was the creation of 2466:(1960), a now highly regarded thriller, with horror elements, set in the contemporary period, was badly received by the critics at the time, and effectively finished the career of Michael Powell, its director. 2880:

in the early 1960s and would remain in England for the rest of his career, these two films retained a strong American influence. Other films of this era involved prominent filmmakers from elsewhere in Europe,

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reported that "The UKFC's entire annual budget was a reported £3m, while the cost of closing it down and restructuring is estimated to have been almost four times that amount." One of the UKFC's last films,

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announced that no further films would be supplied to British cinemas until further notice. The Dalton Duty was ended on 3 May 1948 with the American studios again exported films to the UK though the

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expressed a negative sentiment of the British film industry in recent years, stating that "I am not sure we are great filmmakers, to be absolutely honest. As a nation, our two artforms are

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drew to a close, despite attempts by Hammer to spice up the formula with added nudity and gore. Although some attempts were made to broaden the range of British horror films, such as with

3002:(1965), which won the Best Documentary Film Oscar in 1967, but had been suppressed by the BBC who had commissioned it, would ultimately lead Watkins to work exclusively outside Britain. 1418:(1929), is often regarded as the first British sound feature. It was a part-talkie with a synchronised score and sound effects. Earlier in 1929, the first all-talking British feature, 1257:

companies. It is the oldest film trade body in the world. It was known as the Society of Film Distributors until it changed its name again to the Film Distributors’ Association (FDA).

7388: 4269:, an account of a housewife who leads a double life as an abortion provider in 1950s London. The film won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival. In 2006 Stephen Frears directed 7677: 3935:(1992), which was generally ignored on its initial release in the UK, but was a considerable success in the United States. The same company also enjoyed some success releasing the 2188:

producers. An indirect levy did not qualify as a subsidy, and so was a suitable way of providing additional funding for the UK film industry whilst avoiding criticism from abroad.

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American studios cut back on British productions, and in many cases withdrew from financing them altogether. Films financed by American interests were still being made, including

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and distribution deals with major American studios. Working Title scored three major international successes, all starring Hugh Grant and Colin Firth, with the romantic comedies

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However it was usually through domestically funded features throughout the decade that British directors and films won awards at the top international film festivals. In 2003,

3420:(1980), produced by a Lew Grade subsidiary, after its original backers became cautious. Members of the Python team were involved in other comedies during the decade, including 1822:

is it who has suggested that we should all cower in darkness and terror “for the duration”?’. Within two weeks of the order cinemas in the provinces were reopened, followed by

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quota. The "quota quickies", as they became known, are often blamed by historians for holding back the development of the industry. However, some British film makers, such as

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emerged as a significant figure in British cinema in the 1990s, with a series of films financed by Channel 4 about working and middle class life in modern England, including

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and Tony Richardson established the company Woodfall Films to produce their early feature films. These included adaptations of Richardson's stage productions of Osborne's

7233: 6513: 14096: 14048: 10733: 9958: 7484: 7039: 3699:(1987). Channel Four also became a major sponsor of the British Film Institute's Production Board, which backed three of Britain's most critically acclaimed filmmakers: 5412: 10937: 10912: 4608: 14053: 13905: 9554: 5039:

British special effects technicians and production designers are known for creating visual effects at a far lower cost than their counterparts in the US, as seen in

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in 1985 and the number of screens in the UK increased by around 500 over the decade leading to increased attendances of almost 100 million by the end of the decade.

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within a month. In 1940, cinema admissions figures rose, to just over 1 billion for the year, and they continued rising to over 1.5 billion in 1943, 1944 and 1945.

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was another worldwide hit: it grossed $ 56 million at the US box office and £32 million in the UK. It also won the 2005 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.

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The new venture was initially based at Denham Studios. Korda himself lost control of the facility in 1939 to the Rank Organisation. Circumstances forced Korda's

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was also cast in leading roles when "there were hardly any opportunities" for African Americans "to play challenging roles" in their own country's productions.

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in February 1895, shortly before falling out over the camera's patent. Soon several British film companies had opened to meet the demand for new films, such as

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and Alfred Hitchcock, the greatest director of screen melodramas in the world." Hitchcock was then signed up to a seven-year contract by Selznick and moved to

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environment, with special effects, cutting, colour grading, and other post-production tasks all sharing the same all-digital infrastructure. The London-based

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For the moment, the industry hit new heights of creativity in the immediate post-war years. Among the most significant films produced during this period were

14086: 9817: 2621:, from an earlier generation, "probe into the social issues that now confronted social stability and the establishment of the promised peacetime consensus". 14106: 14091: 14038: 10695: 9224: 7202: 6917: 5242: 840: 14076: 862:, has often been the subject of debate. Its history has often been affected by attempts to compete with the American industry. The career of the producer 13783: 11461: 11426: 11416: 7130: 4404:, a film depicting a group of teenagers growing up on the streets of West London, had a limited release. This was successfully followed up with a sequel 4230:

in 2000. Co-directed with Peter Lord, the film was a major success worldwide and one of the most successful British films of its year. Park's follow up,

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in 1999, the hopes and expectations of "building a British-based company which could compete with Hollywood in its home market eventually collapsed."

7305: 6944: 5736: 5468: 2452:(1958), both deceptively lavish and the first gothic horror films in colour. The studio turned out numerous sequels and variants, with English actors 11819: 11134: 10927: 4232: 4213: 4207: 2816:

American directors were regularly working in London throughout the decade, but several became permanent residents in the UK. Blacklisted in America,

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and filmed almost entirely in London. It received four Academy Awards (including Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor and Best Screenplay) in 2011.

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In June 2012, Warner opened the re-developed Leavesden studio for business. The most commercially successful British directors in recent years are

6484: 5825: 4660:, becoming the first Hollywood studio since the 1940s to have a permanent base in the UK, and announced plans to invest £100 million in the site. 14143: 11411: 10839: 4477: 1300: 6411: 5632: 12623: 11707: 11518: 11034: 10806: 10646: 3565:(1984) had been both a critical and financial success. These were Joffé's first two feature films and were amongst those produced by Puttnam. 11483: 11129: 10907: 10621: 7592: 7379: 3915: 2762:

boom with many Bond imitations. Bond co-producer Saltzman also instigated a rival series of more realistic spy films based on the novels of

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Tax incentives allowed American producers to increasingly invest in UK-based film production throughout the 1990s, including films such as

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to global fame, led to renewed interest and investment in British films, and set a pattern for British-set romantic comedies, including

3533:(1986). But further attempts to make 'big' productions for the US market ended in failure, with Goldcrest losing its independence after 2094:. Ealing Studios (financially backed by Rank) began to produce their most celebrated comedies, with three of the best remembered films, 11769: 11712: 11244: 11187: 10338: 9584: 9371: 8116: 7457: 7252: 6788: 1994:

contraction of its film production. In practice, Rank maintained an industry duopoly with ABPC (later absorbed by EMI) for many years.

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into film production in the latter half of the decade brought only a few box office successes and an unsustainable number of failures

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Some other British producers, including Hammer, turned to television for inspiration, and big screen versions of popular sitcoms like

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As the 1960s progressed, American studios returned to financially supporting British films, especially those that capitalised on the "

2474: 12108: 11002: 10616: 10486: 10108: 3267:(1979), the latter a major commercial success, probably at least in part due to the controversy at the time surrounding its subject. 3221:(1972) proved successful with domestic audiences, the former had greater domestic box office returns in its year than the Bond film, 767:

produced their most critically acclaimed works. Many British actors have accrued critical success and worldwide recognition, such as

7644: 11754: 11613: 11565: 10668: 10611: 10439: 9928: 9848: 9833: 7510: 7272: 4590: 3306: 2786: 2582: 1935:, an independent production company releasing their films through a Rank subsidiary, also made some important films, including the 1861: 7614: 7555: 5803: 5758: 5446: 2633:(1959) were early attempts to create narratives about racial tensions and an emerging multi-cultural Britain. Dearden and Relph's 1818:’s letter protested against a government order to close all places of entertainment, including cinemas. ‘What agent of Chancellor 839:. Some of the films with the largest ever box office returns have been made in the United Kingdom, including the fourth and fifth 11335: 11144: 10975: 9790: 9785: 9636: 4247: 12633: 13755: 12613: 12390: 12096: 11670: 11399: 11367: 11207: 11192: 11182: 11007: 10997: 10987: 10960: 10796: 10343: 10333: 10318: 10253: 9750: 9685: 9487: 8909: 8899: 7100: 6810: 4278: 2181: 1397: 7480: 7070: 7031: 6893: 5962: 14138: 11789: 11362: 10705: 10700: 10626: 9901: 9325: 9246: 8109: 8060: 7878: 7755: 6730: 6252: 6225: 6137: 5993: 5779: 5397: 2146: 1753: 1591: 1379: 6872: 6689: 6617: 6304: 5931: 3568:

Mainly outside the commercial sector, film makers from the new commonwealth countries had begun to emerge during the 1970s.

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began his career as a documentary film maker just before the war, in some cases working in collaboration with co-directors.

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Moreover, the 1927 Films Act was up for renewal. The replacement Cinematograph Films Act 1938 provided incentives, via a "

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From the 1990s to the present day, there has been a progressive movement from traditional film opticals to an integrated

3027: 1919: 1748:(1940), a spectacular fantasy film, to be completed in California, where Korda continued his film career during the war. 1420: 1199: 1173: 90: 5706: 3626:(1986; one of the first films about Britain's Chinese community). Many of these films were assisted by the newly formed 1654:

turned him into "a huge international star"; "for many years" he had the highest profile of any actor of Indian origin.

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after lying forgotten in an old tin for 110 years. The previous title for earliest colour film, using Urban's inferior

851: 10464: 4769:. UKFC invested $ 1.6m for a 34% share of net profits, a valuable stake that will pass to the British Film Institute. 13883: 11799: 11697: 11352: 11345: 11212: 11177: 11162: 11062: 10748: 10651: 10596: 10375: 10358: 10328: 10093: 9943: 9606: 9601: 9172: 9162: 8148: 7820: 7433: 6279: 4172: 3947: 3897: 3829: 2916: 2307: 2157: 2068: 1401: 1140: 237: 17: 9780: 1455:

expanded significantly to become the largest, controlling 180 cinemas by 1928 and up to 300 by 1929. Maxwell formed

13813: 13506: 11884: 11436: 11394: 11318: 11313: 11217: 11095: 10584: 10363: 9643: 9059: 5204: 4537: 1642: 1555:. These stars often made several films a year, and their productions remained important for morale purposes during 3759:(1986), before collapsing amid a series of unsuccessful films. Amongst the other British films of the decade were 2715:(1969), showed female and then male full-frontal nudity on screen in mainstream British films for the first time. 1606:, which opened in May 1936, but both investors suffered losses as a result. Korda's films before the war included 11947: 11764: 11702: 11628: 11323: 11172: 11119: 11082: 11047: 11021: 10922: 10738: 10685: 10546: 10491: 10323: 10226: 9705: 9653: 9579: 9234: 6914: 5293: 4657: 4166: 3406: 3263: 3257: 3247: 2820:

had a significant influence on British cinema in the 1960s, particularly with his collaborations with playwright

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Many other films helped to shape the popular image of the nation at war. Among the best known of these films are

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In 1902, the earliest colour film in the world was made; capturing everyday events. In 2012, it was found by the

731: 7615:"Official 2022 statistics reveal a record £6.27 billion film and high-end television production spend in the UK" 7481:"Christopher Nolan on 'Interstellar' Critics, Making Original Films and Shunning Cellphones and Email (Q&A)" 7212: 1781:

feature writer asserting; "Three unique and valuable institutions the British have that we in America have not.

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in 1927 which became a subsidiary of BIP and went on to become one of the largest in the country, together with

14133: 11894: 11682: 11608: 11503: 11456: 11372: 11292: 11252: 11042: 10825: 10758: 10663: 10569: 10422: 10270: 10258: 10179: 9665: 9364: 9208: 9044: 8919: 8863: 8736: 5220: 5110: 4965: 4371:(2010). Some argue it has brought more flexible attitudes towards casting Black and Asian British actors, with 3529: 3277: 3158: 2860: 2722:

combined sex with exotic locations, casual violence and self-referential humour in the phenomenally successful

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By now contracted to Gaumont British, Alfred Hitchcock had settled on the thriller genre by the mid-1930s with

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By 1927, the largest cinema chains in the United Kingdom consisted of around 20 cinemas but the following year

1109: 7347: 7122: 5375: 5349: 5297: 4897:'s championing of the New Queer Cinema. The first full-length feature produced under the BFI's new scheme was 4224:, the creator of Wallace and Gromit and the Creature Comforts series, produced his first feature-length film, 3630:, which had an official remit to provide for "minority audiences." Commercial success was first achieved with 3490:— had shot commercials; Puttnam himself had begun his career in the advertising industry. When Hudson's 3175:, who had taken over ABPC in 1969. The duopoly in British cinema exhibition, via Rank and now EMI, continued. 12336: 12103: 11909: 11839: 11809: 11779: 11744: 11646: 11618: 11536: 11444: 11328: 11107: 10857: 10680: 10589: 10528: 10454: 10241: 10221: 10000: 9524: 9510: 9157: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8598: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8563: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8323: 8318: 8313: 8308: 8303: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 7403: 3966: 3837: 3725: 3312: 3191: 1965:

Studios were releasing their series of critically derided but immensely popular period melodramas, including

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In the 1970s and 1980s, British studios established a reputation for great special effects in films such as

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With the involvement of Channel 4 in film production, talents from television moved into feature films with

1733:, an English subsidiary of the largest American studio, which produced four films before the war, including 13833: 13207: 13177: 13131: 12222: 12146: 12118: 12064: 11867: 11794: 11749: 11722: 11575: 11560: 11257: 11232: 11167: 11057: 10743: 10427: 10405: 10385: 10314: 10236: 10113: 10103: 10098: 9770: 9735: 9591: 9251: 8686: 7297: 5472: 5225: 5024: 4949: 4527: 4120:(1996). The latter film generated interested in other "regional" productions, including the Scottish films 3996: 3145: 2872: 2854: 2742: 1483: 1348: 1017: 4649:

with the launch of Odeon Hatfield and Odeon Surrey Quays (in London), with a total of 18 digital screens.

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Despite increasing competition from film studios in Australia and Eastern Europe, British studios such as

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was nominated for 7 Academy Awards, including Best Film and won the Golden Globe and BAFTA for Best Film.

3233:, it was a commercial success and Moore would continue the role for the next 12 years. Low-budget British 2348:

began in 1958 with regular instalments appearing for the next twenty years. The Italian director-producer

2210: 1872:

were colleagues of Jennings. British films began to make use of documentary techniques; Cavalcanti joined

1030: 14081: 13858: 13526: 13250: 12113: 12091: 12059: 12054: 12036: 11977: 11899: 11889: 11824: 11687: 11651: 11449: 11227: 10866: 10579: 10559: 10400: 10263: 10045: 9948: 9658: 9631: 9611: 9229: 8959: 8914: 6726: 6552: 5319: 5230: 5165: 5051:(1985). This reputation has continued through the 1990s and into the 21st century with films such as the 4731: 4395: 4105: 4008: 3941: 3850: 3715: 3223: 2386: 2364: 2185: 2142: 1726: 910: 859: 7152: 5833: 1235:

began directing British films, becoming Britain's most prolific film director, with almost 200 by 1957.

13748: 13686: 13295: 13212: 13136: 12383: 12173: 12074: 11914: 10778: 10390: 9596: 9291: 9262: 8796: 6473: 5624: 5184: 4668:

end of budgets for the British industry, under a fifth of films that cost £10million went into profit.

4354: 4154: 3986: 3903: 3705: 3612: 3520: 3383: 3163: 3091: 2525: 2426: 2328: 2295: 2096: 845: 724: 701: 49: 5323: 5022:(1989). Some of this reputation was founded on the core of talent brought together for the filming of 4327:

The start of the 21st century saw Asian British cinema assert itself at the box office, starting with

13945: 13940: 13671: 13450: 13363: 12937: 12309: 12069: 11874: 11847: 11357: 11237: 10410: 10248: 10184: 10174: 10169: 9357: 9091: 9054: 8974: 8924: 8096: 6578: 6407: 5085: 4551: 4442: 4110: 4097: 3821: 3561: 3541: 3515: 3356: 3270:

Some American productions did return to the major British studios in 1977–79, including the original

3074: 2904: 2780:(1965), and two sequels in the next few years. Other more downbeat espionage films were adapted from 2661: 2610:(1963) are often associated with a new openness about working-class life or previously taboo issues. 2442: 2430: 2246: 2080: 1947: 1689: 1500: 1433: 1253:

In 1915, the Kinematograph Renters’ Society of Great Britain and Ireland was formed to represent the

1213: 906: 905:

has produced a poll ranking what they consider to be the 100 greatest British films of all time, the

2390:(1955), but the company ceased production in 1958, after the studios had already been bought by the 2153:

prohibited US film companies from taking foreign exchange out of the nations their films played in.

44: 12207: 11737: 11377: 11124: 9675: 9285: 8984: 8833: 6480: 5052: 4713: 4614: 4572: 4329: 4085: 3364: 2723: 2102: 2084:(1948), the most commercially successful film of its year in the United States. Laurence Olivier's 2032: 1759: 1703: 1650:. Although some of Korda's films indulged in "unrelenting pro-Empire flag waving", those featuring 1069: 7578: 4461:

Like the 1960s, this decade saw plenty of British films directed by imported talent. The American

13543: 12352: 12265: 12086: 12021: 11732: 11389: 10083: 9670: 9621: 9430: 9177: 9111: 8761: 6383: 4512: 4508: 4347: 4205:'s company Heyday Films has produced seven sequels, with the final title released in two parts – 4002: 3976: 3791: 3632: 3551: 3229: 2830: 2776: 2594: 2588: 2462: 2418:

to embark on their series of commercially successful horror films. Beginning with adaptations of

2415: 1941: 1393: 1038: 9868: 5088:, have worked on some of the most technically and artistically challenging projects, including, 13620: 13090: 12990: 12962: 12904: 12659: 12552: 12202: 11267: 10768: 9203: 9137: 8929: 8838: 8140: 6747: 6613: 6094: 5408: 5215: 5179: 4866: 4788: 4779:

directed several of the early 21st century's most critically and commercially successful films.

4689: 4664: 4620: 4567: 4381: 4058: 3680: 3579: 3535: 3374:

The 1980s soon saw a renewed optimism, led by smaller independent production companies such as

3217: 3064: 2896: 2572: 2545: 2345: 2312: 2289: 2252: 2126: 1910: 1790: 1662: 1471: 1364: 1133: 1121: 902: 3506:(1982), another Goldcrest film, picked up a Best Picture Oscar, it looked as if he was right. 3167:(1973), these films made little impact at the box office, In 1976, British Lion, who produced 2281:

also produced a series of successful satires on British life and institutions, beginning with

1511:" to describe a non-fiction film, and he produced the movement's most celebrated early films, 14005: 13741: 13681: 13638: 13531: 13476: 13455: 13438: 13353: 12970: 12780: 12765: 12715: 12710: 12506: 12376: 12357: 12197: 12153: 12016: 11602: 10523: 10513: 10280: 10128: 9995: 9973: 9906: 9710: 9616: 9302: 9086: 9019: 8964: 8726: 6642: 6387: 6364: 6269: 6215: 6173: 5680: 5654: 5598: 5572: 5546: 5520: 5494: 5210: 5157: 5057: 4931:(1974) – the last two being, respectively, the first British Black and Asian features. 4843: 4749:, supported the Government's decision. A number of other organisations responded positively. 4406: 4321: 4288: 4271: 4239: 3921: 3781: 3755: 3749: 3695: 3685: 3648:

in a leading role. Day-Lewis and other young British actors who were becoming stars, such as

3622: 2910: 2623: 2380: 2337: 2301: 2283: 2278: 2223: 2192: 1962: 1839: 1716: 1693: 1666: 1620: 1614: 1522: 1414: 1304: 1269: 1152: 983: 752: 229: 222: 7326: 6937:

Stern, Marlow, and in 1985 we saw the retirement of Roger Moore from the role of Bond after

6784: 4720:, campaigned against the Council's abolition. The move also led American actor and director 4096:

Other new talents to emerge during the decade included the writer-director-producer team of

1646:(1937), the UK's first three-strip Technicolour feature film, made by the local offshoot of 13935: 13915: 13895: 13798: 13496: 13445: 13378: 13358: 13018: 12995: 12985: 12980: 12975: 12775: 12745: 12557: 12491: 12217: 12158: 12123: 12011: 11984: 11495: 10503: 10496: 10151: 10088: 10060: 10035: 10030: 10005: 9963: 9765: 9720: 9715: 9544: 9445: 9240: 9142: 9106: 8934: 8711: 7092: 6706: 6666: 6344: 5006: 4957: 4923: 4761: 4498: 4335: 4312: 4254: 4116: 4073: 3971: 3584: 3574: 3509:

It prompted a cycle of period films – some with a large budget for a British film, such as

3416: 3414:(Lew Grade's brother) had pulled out. Handmade also bought and released the gangster drama 3336: 3282: 3134: 3100: 2940: 2836: 2711: 2535: 2498: 2358: 2204: 2168: 1630: 1495: 1061: 106: 4846:

with 80% of behind-the-scenes workers surveyed stating that their jobs had been affected.

8: 13910: 13628: 13606: 13551: 13275: 13080: 13005: 12942: 12922: 12894: 12850: 12695: 12496: 12294: 12212: 12190: 12185: 12168: 12163: 12141: 12031: 11989: 10123: 10078: 10070: 10015: 9923: 9858: 9549: 9014: 9009: 8999: 8979: 8944: 8878: 7652: 7506: 7282: 6456:

The Rich and Strange Collaboration of Alfred Hitchcock and David O. Selznick in Hollywood

6129: 5096: 4936: 4806:

In January 2012, at Pinewood Studios to visit film-related businesses, UK Prime Minister

4298:

was filmed entirely in Mumbai with a mostly Indian cast, though with a British director (

4294: 4054: 4026: 3909: 3866: 3841: 3801: 3602: 3448: 3211: 2681: 2448: 2406: 2336:, probably the British industry's most popular star of the 1950s, though later films had 2196: 2108: 2042: 1957: 1878: 1815: 1730: 1603: 1273: 1072:

in 1915 in the first building built in Britain solely for film production. Also in 1898,

1022: 772: 13990: 13985: 13960: 13818: 13596: 13581: 13571: 13385: 13368: 13300: 13219: 13172: 12947: 12932: 12917: 12882: 12737: 12722: 12649: 12608: 12531: 12516: 12481: 12471: 12289: 12245: 12026: 12004: 11999: 11967: 11879: 11052: 10199: 10189: 10156: 10055: 10025: 9918: 9893: 9853: 9024: 8994: 8894: 8826: 8781: 8716: 8701: 7867: 7809: 7622: 7579:"'I am not sure we are great film-makers,' Danny Boyle slams the British film industry" 7551: 6583: 5795: 5442: 5252: 5189: 5047: 5033: 5018: 4701: 4626: 4578: 4563: 4532: 4493: 4361: 4341: 4122: 4040: 3960: 3889: 3665: 3458: 3432: 3297: 3154: 3044: 2973: 2922: 2754: 2719: 2635: 2606: 2515: 2086: 1914: 1869: 1853: 1834: 1540: 1221: 1065: 706: 98: 9349: 4765:, is estimated to have cost $ 15m to make and grossed $ 235m, besides winning several 4683:

in 2007. He is one of the top 20 highest-grossing actors in North America, as of 2019.

1470:

With the advent of sound films, many foreign actors were in less demand, with English

14015: 13965: 13925: 13878: 13873: 13863: 13848: 13843: 13838: 13823: 13808: 13803: 13793: 13788: 13778: 13601: 13590: 13576: 13556: 13516: 13433: 13423: 13418: 13400: 13333: 13323: 13265: 13260: 13255: 13245: 13240: 13224: 13197: 13187: 13182: 13167: 13070: 13033: 13023: 13013: 12952: 12682: 12654: 12582: 12577: 12567: 12501: 12476: 12455: 12450: 12435: 12304: 12250: 11852: 9968: 9938: 9465: 9404: 8989: 8873: 8791: 8746: 8056: 7874: 7816: 7751: 6969:

Dyja, Eddie (ed.); 'BFI Film and Television Handbook 1999', London: BFI, 1998; p. 42.

6275: 6248: 6221: 6133: 6043: 5874: 4792: 4776: 4195:

The new decade saw a major new film series in the Harry Potter films, beginning with

4188: 4128: 4079: 3771: 3765: 3321: 3202: 3105: 3054: 2792: 2752:(1964), the series had become a global phenomenon, reaching its commercial peak with 2748: 2693: 2652: 2600: 2264: 2258: 1978: 1925: 1887: 1848: 1829: 1261: 1254: 1151:

process, was thought to date from 1909. The re-discovered films were made by pioneer

1115: 979: 879: 867: 832: 110: 69: 7062: 6814: 5036:, the UK is still recognised as a world leader in the use of stop-motion animation. 4472: 3596:

films, respectively. The 1980s however saw a wave of new talent, with films such as

14043: 14010: 14000: 13980: 13970: 13955: 13950: 13900: 13868: 13853: 13828: 13764: 13561: 13521: 13489: 13484: 13428: 13373: 13348: 13338: 13285: 13280: 13270: 13202: 13192: 13152: 13126: 13100: 13065: 13060: 13048: 13028: 12840: 12825: 12750: 12727: 12603: 12526: 12521: 12420: 12299: 12282: 12277: 12260: 12240: 12046: 10899: 10753: 10194: 10143: 9953: 9933: 9460: 9450: 9440: 9425: 9081: 9029: 8949: 8821: 8811: 7686: 6889: 5954: 5866: 5857: 5235: 5207:– British source material in American films, US studio subsidiaries in the UK, etc. 4997: 4953: 4726: 4638: 4596: 4559: 4303: 4050: 3878: 3645: 3492: 3287: 3272: 3124: 3079: 2883: 2656: 2640: 2577: 2540: 2506: 2490: 2273: 2113: 1952: 1932: 1913:

partnership between director Michael Powell and the Hungarian-born writer-producer

1899: 1685: 1647: 1508: 1409: 1374: 1265: 1204: 1073: 875: 816: 788: 214: 53: 35: 10481: 6734:, London: Little, Brown, 2002, p. 213, and (for a defence) Brian McFarlane (ed.), 5985: 4522: 2781: 2414:

Less restrictive censorship towards the end of the 1950s encouraged film producer

1158: 13995: 13920: 13890: 13643: 13566: 13511: 13390: 13343: 13305: 13110: 13095: 13085: 12912: 12877: 12855: 12810: 12795: 12790: 12770: 12760: 12755: 12705: 12700: 12690: 12628: 12572: 12562: 12547: 12511: 12486: 12445: 12440: 12410: 11972: 11862: 11553: 11513: 10449: 10370: 9775: 9740: 9730: 9700: 9574: 9273: 9187: 9182: 9096: 9004: 8806: 8776: 8756: 8741: 8049: 7903:

Documentary diary; an informal history of the British documentary film, 1928–1939

7681: 7538: 7464: 7440: 7333: 7277: 7259: 7240: 7207: 7185: 6956: 6951: 6921: 6876: 6869: 6754: 6713: 6693: 6686: 6673: 6649: 6603: 6394: 6371: 6351: 6296: 6242: 6021: 6014: 5923: 5194: 5090: 4886: 4784: 4746: 4542: 4483: 4430: 4243: 3981: 3931: 3796: 3740: 3736: 3720: 3607: 3438: 3411: 3401: 3375: 3359:

were introduced to the United Kingdom with the opening of a ten-screen cinema by

3301: 3178: 3069: 2959: 2928: 2866: 2845: 2805: 2799: 2675: 2670: 2629: 2530: 2510: 2457: 2401: 2370: 2341: 2074: 2020: 2006: 1973: 1967: 1893: 1857: 1670: 1581: 1548: 1452: 1445: 1360: 1322: 1285: 1243: 1239: 1104: 1057: 1001: 993: 971: 887: 871: 863: 828: 711: 13716: 9479: 7531: 7234:"British film industry will suffer if the Government closes the UK Film Council" 6040:

Charles Urban: Pioneering the Non-Fiction Film in Britain and America, 1897–1925

4772: 3546: 1570:

Many of the British films with larger budgets during the 1930s were produced by

13676: 13666: 13633: 13586: 13501: 13395: 13075: 13043: 13038: 12927: 12845: 12835: 12820: 12805: 12673: 12618: 12587: 11585: 11466: 11404: 10965: 10848: 10476: 10020: 9760: 9648: 9539: 9534: 9435: 9420: 9297: 9034: 8853: 8816: 8801: 8766: 8731: 8101: 5892: 5247: 5173: 5073: 5029: 4968:

and their work was the subject of detailed theoretical analysis in the journal

4961: 4898: 4878: 4766: 4742: 4734: 4721: 4646: 4517: 4503: 4183: 4134: 3955: 3845: 3710: 3672: 3661: 3637: 3379: 3186: 3039: 3014: 2954: 2949: 2945: 2892: 2841: 2567: 2553: 2494: 2375: 1873: 1823: 1777: 1677: 1608: 1599: 1595: 1405: 1353: 1180: 1129: 1093: 1081: 1008: 918: 768: 760: 6767:

Harris, Derek (5 September 1974). "The film industry seeks another reprieve".

4865:

Although it had been funding British experimental films as early as 1952, the

2137:

on all film imports on 6 August 1947 which became known as Dalton Duty (after

1936: 1246:, who invented a magnetic steel tape recording system that was adopted by the 14127: 13053: 12865: 12830: 11641: 11202: 11100: 11090: 10889: 10884: 10353: 10133: 9911: 9863: 9843: 9755: 9455: 9399: 9147: 9049: 9039: 8939: 8858: 5878: 5710: 4807: 4709: 4584: 4387: 4376: 4307: 4259: 4178: 4090: 4062: 3991: 3860: 3776: 3617: 3593: 3589: 3556: 3524: 3502: 3497: 3470: 3453: 3421: 3393: 3368: 3242: 3182: 3139: 3120: 3096: 3059: 2994: 2877: 2821: 2767: 2732: 2618: 2614: 2453: 2436: 2218: 2150: 2118: 2062: 1905: 1707: 1665:

was established as the lead organisation for film in the UK. They set up the

1651: 1544: 1504: 1490: 1464: 1460: 1425: 1308: 1232: 1194: 1034: 824: 812: 792: 10380: 9336: 5870: 3569: 3034:

More relaxed censorship also brought several controversial films, including

1136:. It has become the oldest continuously-operating film studio in the world. 989: 13721: 12860: 12815: 12800: 12785: 12399: 11508: 10879: 10471: 10118: 9990: 8969: 8843: 8786: 8771: 8032:

Cinema and the State: The Film industry and the British Government, 1927–84

6842: 6608: 5262: 5199: 5104:

realized by Webber and the Framestore team taking three years to complete.

5069: 5062: 5041: 5012: 4992: 4945: 4902: 4894: 4870: 4854: 4796: 4754: 4705: 4693: 4653: 4645:

In February 2007, the UK became home to Europe's first DCI-compliant fully

4546: 4488: 4454: 4202: 4150: 4020: 3760: 3700: 3690: 3597: 3479: 3463: 3426: 3292: 3252: 3227:

and in 1973, an established British actor Roger Moore was cast as Bond in,

3035: 3022: 2998: 2964: 2920:(1966) benefited from the investment of American studios. Major films like 2825: 2817: 2771: 2763: 2727: 2557: 2419: 2353: 2333: 2316: 2241: 2237: 2214: 2047: 2001: 1786: 1775:

magazine, Hitchcock's reputation was beginning to develop overseas, with a

1711: 1696:. In 1938, General Film Distributors became affiliated with Odeon Cinemas. 1655: 1571: 1556: 1536: 1518: 1428:, starring Donald Calthrop, Benita Home and Fred Raines, which was made by 1277: 1225: 975: 894:, have achieved success primarily through their work in the United States. 883: 836: 804: 800: 796: 784: 780: 776: 10817: 7434:"Fade out from the UK Film Council ... to the British Film Institute" 4676: 2320: 2156:

Following the Cinematograph Film Production (Special Loans) Act 1949, the

13707: 13661: 12870: 11994: 11924: 10162: 10010: 9985: 9978: 9799: 9626: 9101: 8904: 8037: 7990: 7712: 6588: 5855:

Howells, Richard (Summer 2006). "Louis Le Prince: the body of evidence".

5143: 4858: 4824: 4800: 4697: 4632: 4467: 4462: 4422:

led to the release of several other films in the 2000s and 2010s such as

4411: 4299: 4226: 4101: 4032: 3926: 3872: 3786: 3744: 3653: 3649: 3487: 3483: 3475: 3443: 3360: 3150: 3110: 3049: 2849: 2737: 2699: 2520: 2502: 2482: 2478: 2349: 2138: 2130: 2056: 2037: 1982: 1782: 1771: 1625: 1539:

of this period, and a number of popular personalities emerged, including

1526: 1456: 1441: 1408:, had run into financial difficulties. One of the company's early films, 1312: 1148: 1046: 945: 858:

The identity of the British film industry, particularly as it relates to

820: 94: 6217:

Music Hall Mimesis in British Film, 1895–1960: On the Hall on the Screen

5028:(1968) who subsequently worked together on series and feature films for 4146: 3693:, who had been working in the US, was encouraged back to the UK to make 3496:(1981) won 4 Academy Awards in 1982, including Best Picture, its writer 1404:

in Elstree, the facilities original owners, including producer-director

953: 9838: 9307: 8954: 8868: 8751: 7583: 7179:"Only a small fraction of British films turn a profit, BFI study finds" 6945:"Gary Oldman Talks 'Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy,' 'Batman' Retirement" 5081: 5077: 4680: 4448: 4436: 4424: 4400: 4372: 4367: 4283: 4265: 4068: 4014: 3855: 3817: 3510: 3332: 3234: 3115: 2989: 2233: 2200: 2172: 2051: 2015: 1865: 1562: 1532: 1513: 1475: 1370: 1184: 1033:

first brought their show to London in 1896. In 1898, American producer

1012: 891: 808: 764: 756: 12887: 12272: 12180: 9725: 9394: 9256: 8721: 8091: 6769: 6158: 4976: 4832: 4317: 4221: 4176:, which earned $ 228 million; and Richard Curtis's directorial debut 4045: 3627: 3349: 3345: 3317: 3172: 2978: 2164: 1843: 1814:

on 5 September 1939, two days after Britain declared war on Germany,

1810: 1327: 1291: 1281: 1208: 1113:

is the earliest film adaptation of Charles Dickens's festive novella

1089: 1085: 1026: 929: 8042:

The Film Industry and the Government: Endless Mr Beans and Mr Bonds?

6838:"How multiplex cinemas saved the British film industry 25 years ago" 4815:

productions, especially when considering low-budget UK productions.

3813: 2938:(1968) were regularly mounted, while smaller-scale films, including 2891:(1966) were the first English language films of the Polish director 1769:(1938). Lauded in Britain where he was dubbed "Alfred the Great" by 13733: 12133: 8706: 7123:"Warner Bros buys Harry Potter studios in £100m boost for UK films" 6025: 5123: 5119: 4941: 4717: 4339:(2002). Other notable British Asian films from this period include 3657: 3545:(1986) were commercial and critical flops. Another Goldcrest film, 3389: 3083: 2983: 2810: 2759: 2326:

Popular comedy series included the "Doctor" series, beginning with

1552: 1499:(also 1929), the period saw the emergence of the school of realist 1144: 4889:'s earliest films (including the surprising commercial success of 3636:(1985). Dealing with racial and gay issues, it was developed from 2639:(1961), was about the blackmail of homosexuals. Influenced by the 102: 11959: 10773: 7852:

Films and British national identity / From Dickens to Dad's Army

6274:. Lanham, MD and Plymouth, England: Scarecrow Press. p. 43. 4828: 4182:(2003), which grossed $ 239 million. The most successful of all, 3255:

team, also from television. Their two most successful films were

3010: 2948:

winners for best picture were British productions, including six

2397: 2227:, was the highest grossing film at the British box office in 1960 2177: 1997: 1699: 1575: 1437: 1077: 1050: 7748:

A Mirror for England: British Movies from Austerity to Affluence

6474:"Going to the pictures: British cinema and the Second World War" 5372:"Table 11: Exhibition - Admissions & Gross Box Office (GBO)" 4053:

fully booked, a new studio was created for the film in a former

3089:

Other films during the early 1970s included the Edwardian drama

1377:

established himself as a name director with his first thriller,

937: 12368: 12255: 9795: 8086: 8051:

Film Policy: International, National, and Regional Perspectives

7645:"Hollywood strikes: UK film industry workers hit by US dispute" 5115: 4320:'s attempts to overcome his speech impediment, was directed by 3723:; the latter of whom gained surprising commercial success with 3129: 2705: 2134: 1819: 1440:(strictly speaking almost all the studios were in neighbouring 1004: 57: 6240: 2271:

The Rank Organisation produced some comedy successes, such as

1125:(1906) has been described as the first British animated film. 12232: 10508: 7733:

Fashioning the Nation: Costume and Identity in British Cinema

7588: 6514:"Britain's World War II films were more than just propaganda" 5346:"Table 1: Feature Film Production - Genre/Method of Shooting" 4980: 4471:(2005) and three later films in London. The Mexican director 2580:, both from Osborne's own screenplays. Such films as Reisz's 1864:

took over the responsibilities of the GPO Film Unit in 1940.

1307:(also producer and director) and his friend and story editor 1097: 967: 7966:

British Cinema in the Fifties: Gender Genre and the New Look

7806: 7709:

Best of British: Cinema and Society from 1930 to the Present

4570:

remained successful in hosting major productions, including

2513:, were also involved in the short lived Oxford film journal 7924:

Britain Can Take it: British Cinema in the Second World War

7153:"Warner to purchase and invest £100 million in film studio" 4497:(2009), a film set in 19th century London; Danish director 2277:(1953). The writer/director/producer team of twin brothers 2112:(both 1949), being on release almost simultaneously. Their 1228:, distributing almost 400 films by 1934, and producing 80. 7922:

Aldgate, Anthony and Richards, Jeffrey 2nd Edition. 1994.

7773:

Waving the Flag: Constructing a National Cinema in Britain

4217:

in 2011. All were filmed at Leavesden Studios in England.

4170:(2001), which grossed $ 254 million worldwide; the sequel 3854:(1994). It grossed $ 244 million worldwide and introduced 2944:(1967), were big critical successes. Four of the decade's 8848: 8076: 8004:

Something for Everyone: British film Culture in the 1990s

7552:"PM backs 'dynamic and entrepreneurial' UK film industry" 6811:"AMC CINEMAS® BRINGS THE MULTIPLEX TO THE UNITED KINGDOM" 6065:"The First Film Adaptation of Alice in Wonderland (1903)" 4940:(1978) marked the beginning of a successful period of UK 4555:, the 21st entry in the official Eon Productions series. 3936: 2423: 2391: 2160:(NFFC) was established as a British film funding agency. 1247: 874:

in the 1980s. Numerous British-born directors, including

8081: 4752:

At the closure of the UK Film Council on 31 March 2011,

3300:. Successful adaptations were made in the decade of the 2746:(1963), a hit worldwide. By the time of the third film, 2378:

had continued its run of successful comedies, including

2090:(also 1948), was the first non-American film to win the 9379: 5443:"BFI Screenonline: UK Feature Films Produced 1912–2023" 3404:, was originally formed to take over the production of 2848:

were also active in the UK. Lester had major hits with

1474:

commonly used; for example, the voice of Czech actress

1444:) became the centre of the British film industry, with 1155:

from London who patented his process on 22 March 1899.

1041:

to produce British films, mostly documentary and news.

7766:

Women in British Cinema: Mad Bad and Dangerous to Know

7380:"Cut the Film Council and end this 1970s navel-gazing" 5625:"Harry Potter becomes highest-grossing film franchise" 4043:

films returned to production with the 17th Bond film,

3149:(1977) met with mixed commercial success. The British 2981:

began his feature film career with the social realist

2221:

in four films between 1957 and 1959. Their last film,

1669:

in 1935 (now known as the BFI National Archive), with

7675:"Tim Webber: the man who put Sandra Bullock in space" 3559:, but did not go into profit either. Joffé's earlier 3031:(1970), but for a time funds became hard to come by. 1688:, which opened in 1936. Also in 1936, Rank took over 1448:

over the years all in close proximity to each other.

1359:

The biggest star of the silent era, English comedian

7298:"Clint Eastwood joins fight to save UK Film Council" 7273:"Clint Eastwood writes plea to save UK Film Council" 5243:

List of highest-grossing films in the United Kingdom

5133: 4257:

won the Golden Bear at the Berlin Film Festival for

3352: ... a crucial part of the funding equation." 2718:

At the same time, film producers Harry Saltzman and

2195:

was initially opened in a temporary building at the

1311:. Some of their early films include four written by 1280:, becoming Britain's largest film studio, known for 11946: 8082:

British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA)

7348:"Michael Winner berates UK Film Council supporters" 6654:

Reference Guide to British and Irish Film Directors

6410:. Government of the United Kingdom. 31 March 2022. 4521:(2007), a sequel to a British horror film; and two 3990:(1994) proved there was still a market for British 2971:After directing several contributions to the BBC's 974:in 1888 and the first moving pictures developed on 917:are considered to be the British equivalent of the 8048: 7866: 7808: 7378: 7253:"Daniel Barber condemns UK Film Council abolition" 6297:"Associated British Picture Corporation (1933-70)" 4458:(both 2019), all of starred Black-British actors. 4233:Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit 3171:, were finally absorbed into the film division of 3103:, Nicolas Roeg's Venice-set supernatural thriller 10487:Glasgow International Financial Services District 9509: 7945:Et le Cinéma Britannique entra en guerre ... 6637: 6635: 6015:"World's first colour moving pictures discovered" 5832:. BBC Education. 28 November 1999. Archived from 5374:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from 5348:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from 5322:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from 4944:, continuing into the 1980s with filmmakers like 3954:Among the more successful British films were the 3251:(1974). More elevated comedy films came from the 2758:the following year. The series' success led to a 1242:was founded, and acquired in 1928 by German-born 14125: 8131: 7910:The British Documentary Film Movement, 1926–1946 5735:. Cinema Exhibitor's Association. Archived from 4741:Countering this, a few professionals, including 3888:(2001). PFE was eventually sold and merged with 1909:(1944). The war years also saw the emergence of 7745: 7724:Chibnall, Steve and Murphy, Robert; Eds. 1999. 7690:, 17 September 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2014. 6028:, 12 September 2012. Retrieved on 29 July 2013. 5312: 3743:also produced some successful films, including 3153:cycle associated with Hammer Film Productions, 8011:Not Having It All: Women and Film in the 1990s 7931:All Our Yesterdays: 90 Years of British Cinema 7738:Curran, James and Porter, Vincent; Eds. 1983. 7426: 7093:"London Calling, With Luck, Lust and Ambition" 7060: 6960:. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2013. 6632: 6511: 6458:. University of California Press, 1999, p. 16. 6294: 6267: 5320:"Table 6: Share of Top 3 distributors (Excel)" 4410:(2008) that was written and directed by actor 4039:After a six-year hiatus for legal reasons the 13749: 12384: 10833: 9495: 9365: 9341: 8117: 8030:Dickinson, Margaret and Street, Sarah. 1985. 7864: 7794:British Genres: Cinema and Society, 1930–1960 7707:Aldgate, Anthony and Richards Jeffrey. 2002. 6468: 6466: 6464: 6123: 5338: 5284: 5282: 4525:adaptations were also directed by foreigners— 4214:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 4208:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 3994:, and other period films followed, including 3732:The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover 2122:(1945) is also particularly highly regarded. 966:The world's first moving picture was shot in 732: 8046: 6507: 6505: 6201:British Film Studios: An Illustrated History 5790: 5788: 5364: 4507:(2008), a biopic about the English criminal 4153:, who produced all eight instalments of the 3870:(1999). Other Working Titles films included 2552:Together with future James Bond co-producer 1000:The first people to build and run a working 10847: 7532:Statistical Yearbook 2011: 7.3 UK directors 7507:"Warner Bros opens revamped UK film studio" 7327:Online campaign to save the UK Film Council 6220:. Associated University Press. p. 79. 5290:"Table 8: Cinema Infrastructure - Capacity" 5170:British Academy of Film and Television Arts 3466:'s first screenplay for the cinema screen. 2703:(both 1966), all explored this phenomenon. 2287:(1956), and continuing with (among others) 1640:(1939). These had followed closely on from 961: 915:British Academy of Film and Television Arts 13756: 13742: 12391: 12377: 10840: 10826: 9502: 9488: 9372: 9358: 8124: 8110: 7541:. UK Film Council. Retrieved 19 July 2012. 7483:. The Hollywood Reporter. 3 January 2015. 7404:"Pros and cons of dumping UK film council" 7032:"Studio Tour Casts Spells Just Like Harry" 6461: 6213: 6151: 6149: 5699: 5279: 5108:mainstream technologies. The British film 3836:These problems were mostly compensated by 3400:Handmade Films, which was partly owned by 2993:(1969). Meanwhile, the controversy around 2199:. It moved to its present location on the 1162:Screenshot from the first film version of 1060:was founded as a subsidiary of the French 739: 725: 43: 7975:. Manchester: Manchester University Press 7973:The British Working Class in Postwar Film 7721:. Manchester: Manchester University Press 6587:. 9 October 1957. p. 14 – via 6579:"10-Day London Fest Films Preems Oct. 16" 6502: 6288: 6241:Richard Allen; S. Ishii-Gonzalès (2004). 5785: 5437: 5435: 5433: 4842:The UK film industry was affected by the 3916:Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace 3840:, a film studio whose British subsidiary 3500:declared "the British are coming!". When 1424:was released. It was based on a novel by 1387: 7458:"King's Speech: BFI gets king's ransom?" 7376: 6829: 6214:St. Pierre, Paul Matthew (31 May 2009). 6037: 5471:. British Film Institute. Archived from 5100:(2013), with new techniques involved in 4991: 4853: 4771: 4675: 4478:Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban 4238: 4198:Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone 4145: 3812: 3388: 3331: 3177: 3009: 2798: 2651: 2473: 2396: 2209: 2184:, and would have led to objections from 1996: 1698: 1561: 1369: 1290: 1157: 988: 952: 944: 936: 928: 9796:2020 Withdrawal from the European Union 9736:Second Industrial Revolution 1860s–1914 8092:Michael Powell & Emeric Pressburger 7938:British Cinema and the Second World War 7926:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press 7807:Brian McFarlane; Anthony Slide (2003). 6890:"BFI Screenonline: Puttnam, Lord David" 6271:Historical Dictionary of British Cinema 6146: 5854: 4835:, because we are extraordinary at it." 4248:68th Venice International Film Festival 2244:. Some of the most successful included 1507:. It was Grierson who coined the term " 14: 14144:Cultural history of the United Kingdom 14126: 8900:Associated British Picture Corporation 7829:Monk, Claire and Sargeant, Amy. 2002. 7401: 7308:from the original on 22 September 2016 7295: 6982:, London: BFI Publishing, 2000, p. 82. 6785:"BFI Screenonline: Channel 4 and Film" 6766: 6307:from the original on 24 September 2015 6268:Burton, Alan; Chibnall, Steve (2013). 6198: 5661:from the original on 26 September 2018 5605:from the original on 16 September 2018 5553:from the original on 16 September 2018 5430: 4692:. Actors and professionals, including 4286:'s adaptation of the Ian McEwan novel 3082:as the leader of a gang of thugs in a 2332:(1954). The series originally starred 2319:was "outstanding as a classic British 2182:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1856:, 1942) looked at the home front. The 13737: 12372: 11945: 10821: 9483: 9353: 9340: 8105: 7595:from the original on 30 November 2022 7576: 7391:from the original on 12 January 2022. 7345: 7133:from the original on 18 November 2022 7012:from the original on 19 November 2012 6731:A New Biographical Dictionary of Film 6620:from the original on 13 February 2013 6524:from the original on 2 September 2019 6203:. London: B. T. Batsford. p. 61. 6062: 3200:fund films based on TV shows such as 2147:Motion Picture Association of America 2066:(1949), and Powell and Pressburger's 1985:, emerged in the Gainsborough films. 1592:British and Dominions Elstree Studios 1380:The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog 870:attempted to do so in the 1940s, and 13763: 10802: 10519:London Platinum and Palladium Market 9269:History of British film certificates 9133:British Board of Film Classification 8097:British Cinema in the 50's and 60's 7577:Hines, Dominique (7 November 2022). 7558:from the original on 30 October 2012 7487:from the original on 17 January 2018 7414:from the original on 21 October 2012 7203:"People Index – Actors: Total Gross" 6835: 6791:from the original on 29 October 2019 6738:, 2003, London: Methuen/BFI, p. 168. 6490:from the original on 20 October 2020 6414:from the original on 18 January 2013 5952: 5934:from the original on 18 October 2022 5921: 5903:from the original on 5 November 2015 5780:British Film Institute | The BFI 100 5579:from the original on 18 October 2018 5501:from the original on 16 October 2018 5172:, are the British equivalent of the 4545:. The decade also saw English actor 2730:in the leading role. The first film 2440:(1957), Hammer quickly graduated to 986:, who patented the process in 1890. 9381:Cinema chains in the United Kingdom 9168:National Film and Television School 9153:British Society of Cinematographers 7742:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson 7651:. 25 September 2023. Archived from 7377:Fellowes, Julian (12 August 2010). 7296:Shoard, Catherine (9 August 2010). 6915:"This week's new theatre and dance" 6803: 6512:Gerard Gilbert (3 September 2009). 5983: 5258:National Film and Television School 4730:in London) to write to the British 3519:(1984), alongside the lower-budget 3028:The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes 2543:, made documentaries for the BBC's 2207:on 16 October 1957 run by the BFI. 2024:(1945) and his Dickens adaptations 1920:The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp 1796: 1400:(BIP) in 1927. Based at the former 1303:was founded in London by the actor 1174:Natural Color Kinematograph Company 1015:. They made the first British film 91:Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures 24: 7782:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 7696: 7073:from the original on 16 March 2014 6757:. Empire. Retrieved 5 January 2013 6601: 6553:"British film import duty 1948-49" 6180:from the original on 8 August 2012 6105:from the original on 27 March 2022 6031: 5996:from the original on 15 March 2012 5687:from the original on 8 August 2012 5527:from the original on 8 August 2012 5469:"The Directors' Top Ten Directors" 4987: 3133:(1972), Other productions such as 1988: 1217:, which launched the chase genre. 866:was marked by this objective, the 117:Produced feature films (2017) 25: 14155: 10749:Confederation of British Industry 9944:Expansion plans for Milton Keynes 9607:Department for Business and Trade 9602:Competition and Markets Authority 9173:National Science and Media Museum 9060:Woolf & Freedman Film Service 8070: 7898:. London: George, Allen and Unwin 7775:. Oxford: Oxford University Press 7621:. 2 February 2023. Archived from 7513:from the original on 25 June 2012 7402:Clarke, Donald (20 August 2010). 7358:from the original on 7 March 2016 7103:from the original on 18 July 2012 7061:Peter Bradshaw (6 January 2006). 6978:Watson, Neil, "Hollywood UK", in 6896:from the original on 26 July 2013 6748:"The 100 Best British Films Ever" 6436:, London: Routledge, 2009, p. 12. 6408:"British Film Institute – GOV.UK" 5806:from the original on 26 July 2013 5709:. UK Film Council. Archived from 5635:from the original on 26 July 2013 5449:from the original on 4 March 2018 4591:Charlie and the Chocolate Factory 4173:Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason 3925:(1999). Miramax also distributed 2876:(1968). While Kubrick settled in 2787:The Spy Who Came In from the Cold 2583:Saturday Night and Sunday Morning 2493:film makers attempted to produce 2469: 2352:also made a number of successful 2158:National Film Finance Corporation 1482:was substituted by an off-camera 1402:British National Pictures Studios 1299:In 1920, the short-lived company 1141:National Science and Media Museum 13715: 13701: 12398: 10801: 10792: 10791: 9644:Office for Budget Responsibility 9321: 9320: 7933:. London: British Film Institute 7811:The encyclopedia of British film 7780:English Heritage, English Cinema 7042:from the original on 23 May 2012 7002:"£200m film studio boost for UK" 6736:The Encyclopedia of British Film 6075:from the original on 17 May 2017 5965:from the original on 20 May 2016 5761:. Cinema Exhibitor's Association 5707:"UK film - the vital statistics" 5418:from the original on 28 May 2022 5205:Hollywood and the United Kingdom 5150: 5136: 4316:, which tells the story of King 2539:. Another member of this group, 1525:, and incorporating the poem by 1517:(1936), written and directed by 1503:, from 1933 associated with the 1347:resulting in the passage of the 1200:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 841:highest-grossing film franchises 213: 154:Number of admissions (2017) 34: 11948:Countries of the United Kingdom 11048:Countries of the United Kingdom 9580:Governor of the Bank of England 9235:British Independent Film Awards 8087:Britmovie|Home of British Films 7987:British Cinema and the Cold War 7838:British Cinema Book 2nd Edition 7667: 7637: 7607: 7570: 7544: 7525: 7499: 7473: 7450: 7395: 7370: 7339: 7320: 7289: 7281:. 9 August 2010. Archived from 7265: 7246: 7227: 7195: 7171: 7145: 7115: 7085: 7054: 7024: 6994: 6985: 6972: 6963: 6931: 6908: 6882: 6862: 6850:from the original on 6 May 2020 6836:Hoad, Phil (11 November 2010). 6777: 6760: 6741: 6719: 6699: 6679: 6659: 6652:, BFI screenonline, citing the 6595: 6571: 6559:from the original on 2 May 2015 6545: 6536: 6448: 6439: 6426: 6400: 6377: 6357: 6337: 6328: 6319: 6261: 6234: 6207: 6192: 6166: 6117: 6087: 6056: 6008: 5977: 5946: 5915: 5893:"Who's Who of Victorian Cinema" 5885: 5865:(2). Oxford Journals: 179–200. 5848: 5818: 5773: 5751: 5725: 5673: 5647: 5617: 5591: 5565: 5539: 5294:UNESCO Institute for Statistics 5122:at the same time as its cinema 4917:(1975), the openly avant-garde 4831:, in a middle-class sense, and 4549:became the new James Bond with 4279:The Wind That Shakes the Barley 4263:. In 2004, Mike Leigh directed 4192:(2008), grossed $ 601 million. 3258:Monty Python and the Holy Grail 3248:Confessions of a Window Cleaner 2935:The Charge of the Light Brigade 2902:Historical films as diverse as 2481:(centre) who was active in the 1193:, the first film adaptation of 11043:Counties of the United Kingdom 10759:Federation of Small Businesses 9163:Cinema Exhibitors' Association 9045:Tigon British Film Productions 8920:British National Films Company 8864:Warner Bros. Studios Leavesden 7959:British Cinema and Thatcherism 7845:The Great British Picture Show 7554:. Number 10. 11 January 2012. 6991:Watson, "Hollywood UK", p. 83. 6604:"School for Scoundrels (1959)" 6174:"Chaplin, Charles (1889–1977)" 6124:Estel Eforgan (30 June 2010). 6099:Film Distributors’ Association 6042:. University of Exeter Press. 5681:"Chaplin, Charles (1889–1977)" 5513: 5487: 5461: 5390: 5221:List of British film directors 5032:. Thanks to the Bristol-based 4966:London Film Makers Cooperative 4934:The release of Derek Jarman's 4909:(1975), while others included 4487:(2006); New Zealand filmmaker 4394:2005 saw the emergence of The 4049:. With their traditional home 3588:(1974), these being the first 3578:(1975) had been funded by the 3355:With the removal of the levy, 3185:(pictured in 1986) starred as 2861:The Knack ...and How to Get It 2688:The Knack ...and How to Get It 2460:being the most regular leads. 2092:Academy Award for Best Picture 1939:and David Lean collaborations 1682:British National Films Company 1587:The Private Life of Henry VIII 1529:towards the end of the short. 1398:British International Pictures 1268:got his start, selling out to 65: 13: 1: 10529:Alternative Investment Market 10509:London Interbank Offered Rate 10465:List of UK building societies 9511:Economy of the United Kingdom 7854:. Manchester University Press 7346:child, Ben (11 August 2010). 6162:. 21 January 1948. p. 5. 6156:"The British Film Industry". 6126:Leslie Howard: The Lost Actor 5990:Who's Who of Victorian Cinema 5759:"UK cinema annual admissions" 5631:. London. 11 September 2007. 5495:"Powell, Michael (1905–1990)" 5273: 4849: 4656:completed the acquisition of 3838:PolyGram Filmed Entertainment 3127:returned to Britain to shoot 2679:magazine in 1966. Films like 2529:, among several sponsored by 1624:(1937), as well as the early 1058:Gaumont-British Picture Corp. 14139:Cinema of the United Kingdom 11815:Universal basic income (UBI) 10744:British Chambers of Commerce 10739:British Bankers' Association 9252:Cinematograph Films Act 1927 8133:Cinema of the United Kingdom 7957:Friedman, Lester; Ed. 1992. 7912:. Cambridge University Press 7896:Film Making in 1930s Britain 7796:. Princeton University Press 6643:"Dearden, Basil (1911-1971)" 6295:Alexander, Lou (2003–2014). 6063:Mills, Ted (31 March 2016). 5226:List of British film studios 3984:'s Shakespeare adaptations. 3523:adaptations of the works of 3407:Monty Python's Life of Brian 3307:Murder on the Orient Express 3264:Monty Python's Life of Brian 2770:starred as bespectacled spy 2647: 1349:Cinematograph Films Act 1927 1018:Incident at Clovelly Cottage 982:in 1889 by British inventor 175:Gross box office (2017) 32:Cinema of the United Kingdom 7: 11820:Water supply and sanitation 11519:Weapons of mass destruction 11504:His Majesty's Naval Service 9632:Chancellor of the Exchequer 9612:Financial Conduct Authority 9230:British Academy Film Awards 8960:G. B. Samuelson Productions 8915:British Instructional Films 8009:Brunsdon, Charlotte. 2000. 7964:Geraghty, Christine. 2000. 7947:, Cerf-Corlet, 2009, 240pp. 7717:Babington, Bruce; Ed. 2001. 6445:Warren (2001), pp. 29, 119. 6388:"Robeson, Paul (1898–1976)" 5655:"Scott, Sir Ridley (1937-)" 5398:"Statistical Yearbook 2018" 5231:List of cinema of the world 5166:British Academy Film Awards 5129: 5114:(2003) was the first to be 4823:In November 2022, director 4732:Chancellor of the Exchequer 4396:British Urban Film Festival 4333:(1999) and continuing with 4083:(1993) and his biggest hit 3851:Four Weddings and a Funeral 3716:Distant Voices, Still Lives 2143:Chancellor of the Exchequer 1977:(1945). New stars, such as 1535:also proved influential in 1110:Scrooge, or, Marley's Ghost 1045:particular, adaptations of 753:oldest known surviving film 10: 14160: 11915:Stereotypes of the British 10779:UK Payments Administration 9731:New Imperialism 1830s–1945 9555:Government-owned companies 9158:Children's Film Foundation 8797:Mister Smith Entertainment 8016:Murphy, Robert; Ed. 2000. 7978:Murphy, Robert; Ed. 1996. 7869:50 Contemporary Filmmakers 7836:Murphy, Robert; Ed. 2001. 7815:. Methuen Publishing Ltd. 6334:Warren (2001), pp. 26, 28. 6325:Warren (2001), pp. 57, 58. 6244:Hitchcock: Past and Future 6176:. British Film Institute. 5683:. British Film Institute. 5657:. British Film Institute. 5601:. British Film Institute. 5575:. British Film Institute. 5549:. British Film Institute. 5523:. British Film Institute. 5497:. British Film Institute. 5185:Cinema of Northern Ireland 4891:The Draughtsman's Contract 3987:The Madness of King George 3898:Interview with the Vampire 3885:Captain Corelli's Mandolin 3726:The Draughtsman's Contract 3555:(also 1986), won the 1986 3384:Merchant Ivory Productions 2740:in the UK and the second, 2586:(also 1960), Richardson's 2526:Every Day Except Christmas 2485:and the 'British New Wave' 2296:Carlton-Browne of the F.O. 2069:A Matter of Life and Death 1692:and in 1937, Rank founded 1172:In 1909, Urban formed the 1037:expanded the London-based 924: 886:, and performers, such as 14067: 14029: 13771: 13695: 13652: 13619: 13542: 13475: 13468: 13411: 13316: 13233: 13160: 13151: 13119: 13004: 12961: 12903: 12736: 12681: 12672: 12642: 12596: 12540: 12464: 12428: 12419: 12406: 12330: 12231: 12132: 12080:First Minister and deputy 12045: 11958: 11954: 11941: 11937: 11838: 11678: 11669: 11627: 11544: 11535: 11494: 11435: 11304: 11300: 11291: 11153: 11081: 11033: 11029: 11020: 10953: 10865: 10856: 10787: 10722: 10539: 10438: 10303: 10296: 10212: 10142: 10069: 10044: 9892: 9881: 9854:National champions policy 9849:Recessions and recoveries 9826: 9766:1979 Winter of Discontent 9701:1659–1849 Navigation Acts 9693: 9684: 9676:UK Trade & Investment 9585:Monetary Policy Committee 9563: 9517: 9413: 9387: 9347: 9342:Links to related articles 9316: 9217: 9196: 9120: 9092:Documentary Film Movement 9072: 9055:Woodfall Film Productions 8975:General Film Distributors 8887: 8694: 8682: 8139: 8018:British Cinema of the 90s 7929:Barr, Charles; Ed. 1986. 7905:, New York: Hill and Wang 7850:Richards, Jeffrey. 1997. 7831:British Historical Cinema 7719:British Stars and Stardom 6980:British Cinema of the 90s 6928:. Retrieved 19 July 2012. 6692:23 September 2012 at the 6350:27 September 2012 at the 6199:Warren, Patricia (2001). 6020:14 September 2017 at the 5955:"Booth, W.R. (1869-1938)" 5928:BFI Screenonline Database 5796:"Baftas fuel Oscars race" 5521:"Reed, Carol (1906–1976)" 5086:visual effects supervisor 4647:digital multiplex cinemas 4538:Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy 4443:The Intent 2: The Come Up 3822:1997 Cannes Film Festival 3436:(1985), the black comedy 2840:(1967). Voluntary exiles 2443:The Curse of Frankenstein 2431:The Quatermass Experiment 1754:The Man Who Knew Too Much 1690:General Film Distributors 1501:Documentary Film Movement 1214:A Daring Daylight Robbery 1096:began producing films in 1088:began producing films in 907:BFI Top 100 British films 191:£515 million (37.4%) 187: 179: 174: 166: 158: 153: 145: 137: 129: 121: 116: 86: 78: 64: 42: 31: 12614:Central African Republic 11708:Environmental inequality 9791:2009 bank rescue package 9786:2008 bank rescue package 9751:1929–39 Great Depression 9622:HM Revenue & Customs 9530:Employee-owned companies 8985:Hemdale Film Corporation 8834:Recorded Picture Company 7746:Raymond Durgnat (1970). 7239:26 February 2017 at the 6481:School of Advanced Study 5897:www.victorian-cinema.net 5547:"Caine, Michael (1933-)" 4818: 4671: 4603:The Phantom of the Opera 4511:; the Spanish filmmaker 4141: 3808: 3327: 3005: 2864:(1965) and Kubrick with 2203:in London for the first 2103:Kind Hearts and Coronets 1260:In 1920, Gaumont opened 1231:In 1913, stage director 962:Origins and silent films 9959:List of counties by GVA 9741:1873–79 Long Depression 9706:Agricultural Revolution 9671:UK Statistics Authority 9178:Northern Ireland Screen 9112:Gainsborough melodramas 8762:Hammer Film Productions 7971:Gillett, Philip. 2003. 7859:British National Cinema 7680:22 January 2014 at the 7439:1 December 2016 at the 6950:31 October 2014 at the 6875:11 January 2013 at the 6672:22 October 2019 at the 6667:"Pool of London (1950)" 6648:19 October 2019 at the 6434:British National Cinema 6038:McKernan, Luke (2018). 5599:"Winslet, Kate (1975-)" 5573:"Connery, Sean (1930-)" 5111:This Is Not a Love Song 4513:Juan Carlos Fresnadillo 4509:Michael Gordon Peterson 4057:aero-engine factory at 3677:My Beautiful Laundrette 3642:My Beautiful Laundrette 3633:My Beautiful Laundrette 3239:Confessions of ... 2809:(1963) was designed by 2709:(also 1966), and later 2604:(1963), and Anderson's 2427:science fiction serials 2180:under the terms of the 1862:Ministry of Information 1684:and they helped create 1680:became a co-founder of 1486:during Ondra's scenes. 1421:The Clue of the New Pin 1039:Warwick Trading Company 167: • Per capita 79: • Per capita 13814:Bosnia and Herzegovina 13329:Bosnia and Herzegovina 11594:Science and technology 10769:Institute of Directors 10734:Business organisations 10659:Science and technology 10552:International students 10264:Working Time Directive 9637:Debt Management Office 9414:Smaller & regional 9138:British Film Institute 8930:Clarendon Film Company 8925:Butcher's Film Service 8839:Scott Free Productions 8077:British Film Institute 7980:Sixties British Cinema 7936:Murphy, Robert. 2000. 7865:Yvonne Tasker (2002). 7801:British Social Realism 7787:Sex, Class and Realism 7778:Higson, Andrew. 2003. 7771:Higson, Andrew. 1995. 7740:British Cinema History 7184:3 January 2017 at the 6712:6 October 2012 at the 6614:British Film Institute 6542:Warren (2001), p. 120. 5733:"UK cinema box office" 5409:British Film Institute 5216:List of British actors 5180:British Film Institute 5001: 4956:, with success at the 4867:British Film Institute 4862: 4780: 4690:British Film Institute 4684: 4665:British Film Institute 4658:Leavesden Film Studios 4379:take leading roles in 4250: 4160: 4089:(1996), which won the 3967:The Remains of the Day 3929:'s acclaimed thriller 3824: 3799:'s directorial debut, 3640:'s first film script. 3580:British Film Institute 3397: 3340: 3196: 3095:(1971), which won the 3018: 2897:Michelangelo Antonioni 2813: 2673:" image propagated by 2666: 2592:(1961), Schlesinger's 2486: 2411: 2344:in leading roles. The 2313:British Film Institute 2228: 2127:Import Duties Act 1932 2011: 1961:(1944). By this time, 1805: 1721: 1663:British Film Institute 1567: 1472:received pronunciation 1388:The early sound period 1384: 1296: 1272:in 1927. Also in 1920 1169: 1122:The Hand of the Artist 997: 958: 957:Sir Oswald Stoll, 1922 950: 942: 934: 903:British Film Institute 82:7.3 per 100,000 (2017) 14134:British film industry 12634:São Tomé and Príncipe 11571:Free trade agreements 10764:Industry trade groups 10524:London Stock Exchange 10514:London Metal Exchange 10281:Trades Union Congress 9974:East London Tech City 9818:Cost-of-living crisis 9756:1948–52 Marshall Plan 9711:Industrial Revolution 9303:National Theatre Live 9087:British horror cinema 9020:The Rank Organisation 8965:Gainsborough Pictures 8910:British and Dominions 8727:Double Negative (VFX) 8047:Albert Moran (1996). 8025:Cinema and government 7857:Street, Sarah. 1997. 7847:. Little Brown, 1988. 7843:Perry, George. 1988. 7799:Lay, Samantha. 2002. 7792:Landy, Marcia. 1991. 7750:. Faber & Faber. 7509:. BBC. 12 June 2012. 7177:Ben Beaumont-Thomas, 6920:14 March 2016 at the 6393:8 August 2012 at the 6370:8 August 2012 at the 5986:"Walter Robert Booth" 5871:10.1093/screen/hjl015 5211:List of British films 5158:United Kingdom portal 5025:2001: A Space Odyssey 4995: 4952:, and producers like 4915:Requiem for a Village 4857: 4844:2023 SAG-AFTRA strike 4775: 4679: 4528:The Constant Gardener 4242: 4167:Bridget Jones's Diary 4149: 3997:Sense and Sensibility 3948:The Wings of the Dove 3816: 3750:The Company of Wolves 3686:Dance with a Stranger 3392: 3335: 3316:(1978). The entry of 3181: 3013: 2958:(1968), based on the 2952:for the film musical 2917:A Man for All Seasons 2873:2001: A Space Odyssey 2802: 2743:From Russia with Love 2655: 2477: 2400: 2381:The Lavender Hill Mob 2308:School for Scoundrels 2279:John and Roy Boulting 2213: 2193:National Film Theatre 2004:as Sister Clodagh in 2000: 1801: 1702: 1694:The Rank Organisation 1667:National Film Library 1621:Knight Without Armour 1602:to invest in Korda's 1565: 1373: 1294: 1270:Gainsborough Pictures 1161: 1153:Edward Raymond Turner 992: 984:William Friese Greene 956: 948: 940: 933:William Friese-Greene 932: 223:List of British films 13106:United Arab Emirates 11920:World Heritage Sites 11713:Environmental issues 11417:Female party leaders 11058:Overseas territories 10558:Entertainment & 9781:Late-2000s recession 9776:1992 Black Wednesday 9716:Financial Revolution 9545:FTSE Fledgling Index 9286:London Film Festival 9143:BFI National Archive 9107:Kitchen sink realism 8712:Big Talk Productions 8683:Production companies 8055:. Psychology Press. 8002:Brown, Geoff. 2000. 7894:Low, Rachael. 1985. 7873:. Psychology Press. 7861:. London: Routledge. 7803:. London: Wallflower 7726:British Crime Cinema 7537:15 June 2012 at the 7463:20 July 2014 at the 7332:23 July 2012 at the 7258:23 July 2012 at the 7099:. 28 December 2005. 6753:23 July 2015 at the 5924:"Blackfriars Bridge" 5802:. 26 February 2001. 4958:Cannes Film Festival 4929:A Private Enterprise 4499:Nicolas Winding Refn 4336:Bend It Like Beckham 4255:Michael Winterbottom 4220:Aardman Animations' 3972:Richard Attenborough 3585:A Private Enterprise 3417:The Long Good Friday 3337:Richard Attenborough 3224:Diamonds Are Forever 3135:Richard Attenborough 3101:Cannes Film Festival 2499:kitchen sink realism 2359:Laughter in Paradise 2305:(1959). Starring in 2205:London Film Festival 1643:Wings of the Morning 1434:Beaconsfield Studios 1062:Gaumont Film Company 1031:The Lumière brothers 107:20th Century Studios 14030:States with limited 13655:& transnational 10254:Equal opportunities 9859:Economic liberalism 9761:1974 Three-Day Week 9746:1926 general strike 9550:FTSE SmallCap Index 9015:Merton Park Studios 9010:MGM-British Studios 9000:London Film Company 8980:Halas and Batchelor 8945:Denham Film Studios 8879:Working Title Films 7961:. London: UCL Press 7943:Rousselet, Francis 7940:. London: Continuum 7908:Swann, Paul. 2003. 7901:Rotha, Paul. 1973. 7768:. London: Continuum 7764:Harper, Sue. 2000. 7728:. London: Routledge 7470:, 24 February 2011. 7285:on 26 January 2011. 7129:. 9 November 2010. 7008:. 7 November 1995. 6879:, BFI screenonline. 6716:, BFI screenonline. 6696:, BFI screenonline. 6676:, BFI screenonline. 6397:, BFI screenonline. 6374:, BFI screenonline. 6354:, BFI screenonline. 6345:"Korda and Empuire" 6130:Vallentine Mitchell 5836:on 28 November 1999 5713:on 11 December 2011 5378:on 24 December 2018 5352:on 24 December 2018 5326:on 24 December 2018 5300:on 24 December 2018 4975:With the launch of 4911:Moon Over the Alley 4440:(2016), its sequel 4295:Slumdog Millionaire 4027:Shakespeare in Love 3910:Saving Private Ryan 3904:Mission: Impossible 3842:Working Title Films 3706:The Last of England 3613:Burning an Illusion 3469:Goldcrest producer 3449:A Fish Called Wanda 2533:, and Richardson's 2329:Doctor in the House 2197:Festival of Britain 2109:Passport to Pimlico 1917:with films such as 1816:George Bernard Shaw 1745:The Thief of Bagdad 1604:Denham Film Studios 1392:Scottish solicitor 1276:was founded by Sir 1274:Cricklewood Studios 1197:'s children's book 1190:Alice in Wonderland 1165:Alice in Wonderland 1023:Mitchell and Kenyon 941:Charles Urban, 1914 773:Olivia de Havilland 13507:Dominican Republic 11614:Telecommunications 11566:Economic geography 11422:Political scandals 11053:Crown Dependencies 10669:Telecommunications 9834:Economic geography 8995:Ideal Film Company 8895:Amicus Productions 8827:Shepperton Studios 8782:Jellyfish Pictures 8717:British Lion Films 8702:Aardman Animations 7985:Shaw, Tony. 2001. 7968:. London Routledge 7833:. London Routledge 7785:Hill, John. 1986. 7192:, 3 December 2013. 7097:The New York Times 7036:The New York Times 6943:,at the age of 58. 6454:Leff, Leonard J., 6365:"Sabu (1924–1963)" 6095:"FDA - What We Do" 5253:London Film School 5190:Cinema of Scotland 5034:Aardman Animations 5002: 4863: 4781: 4702:Pete Postlethwaite 4685: 4652:In November 2010, 4627:X-Men: First Class 4533:Fernando Meirelles 4342:My Son the Fanatic 4251: 4161: 4086:Secrets & Lies 3890:Universal Pictures 3825: 3664:, were dubbed the 3562:The Killing Fields 3542:Absolute Beginners 3530:A Room with a View 3516:A Passage to India 3459:A Private Function 3398: 3341: 3197: 3075:A Clockwork Orange 3019: 2977:anthology series, 2905:Lawrence of Arabia 2855:A Hard Day's Night 2814: 2720:Albert R. Broccoli 2667: 2662:Lawrence of Arabia 2607:This Sporting Life 2563:Look Back in Anger 2487: 2412: 2302:I'm All Right Jack 2284:Private's Progress 2229: 2224:I'm All Right Jack 2027:Great Expectations 2012: 1951:(1945) as well as 1915:Emeric Pressburger 1879:Went the Day Well? 1870:Alberto Cavalcanti 1854:Stewart McAllister 1835:London Can Take It 1736:Goodbye, Mr. Chips 1722: 1568: 1446:six film complexes 1385: 1297: 1222:Ideal Film Company 1211:produced the film 1170: 1080:, South London by 1066:Lime Grove Studios 998: 959: 951: 943: 935: 183:£1.38 billion 99:Universal Pictures 14121: 14120: 14115: 14114: 13765:Cinema of Europe 13731: 13730: 13615: 13614: 13464: 13463: 13147: 13146: 12668: 12667: 12366: 12365: 12326: 12325: 12322: 12321: 12318: 12317: 11933: 11932: 11665: 11664: 11531: 11530: 11527: 11526: 11412:Political parties 11336:Foreign relations 11287: 11286: 11283: 11282: 11016: 11015: 10993:Mass surveillance 10971:Foreign relations 10904:Second World War 10815: 10814: 10718: 10717: 10497:Lloyd's of London 10208: 10207: 10180:Industrialisation 10094:Industrialisation 9877: 9876: 9806:COVID-19 pandemic 9726:1815–46 Corn Laws 9477: 9476: 9334: 9333: 9274:Home Video Charts 9068: 9067: 8990:Hepworth Pictures 8874:Wimbledon Studios 8792:Longcross Studios 8747:Film4 Productions 8062:978-0-415-09791-8 7880:978-0-415-18974-3 7757:978-0-571-09503-2 7731:Cook, Pam. 1996. 7456:Geoffrey Macnab, 7159:. 8 November 2010 7038:. 29 March 2012. 6817:on 4 January 2015 6687:"Sapphire (1959)" 6602:Brooke, Michael. 6254:978-0-415-27525-5 6227:978-0-8386-4191-0 6139:978-0-85303-971-6 5959:BFI Screenonlinee 5826:"Louis Le Prince" 4793:Christopher Nolan 4777:Christopher Nolan 4762:The King's Speech 4615:Fantastic Mr. Fox 4573:Finding Neverland 4531:by the Brazilian 4414:. The success of 4313:The King's Speech 4306:), screenwriter ( 3848:-scripted comedy 3424:'s fantasy films 3357:multiplex cinemas 3313:Death on the Nile 3245:, beginning with 3192:Death on the Nile 3113:' gangster drama 2793:The Deadly Affair 2536:Momma Don't Allow 2497:films (see also ' 2265:Reach for the Sky 2259:The Colditz Story 1979:Margaret Lockwood 1926:A Canterbury Tale 1888:In Which We Serve 1849:Listen to Britain 1842:, 1940) detailed 1830:Humphrey Jennings 1766:The Lady Vanishes 1637:The Four Feathers 1584:. The success of 1334:Five Pound Reward 1262:Islington Studios 1255:film distribution 1116:A Christmas Carol 980:Hyde Park, London 880:Christopher Nolan 868:Rank Organisation 749: 748: 195: 194: 111:Entertainment One 87:Main distributors 18:Cinema of England 16:(Redirected from 14151: 14068:Dependencies and 13772:Sovereign states 13758: 13751: 13744: 13735: 13734: 13722:World portal 13720: 13719: 13706: 13705: 13704: 13653:Intercontinental 13473: 13472: 13296:Northern Ireland 13158: 13157: 12679: 12678: 12426: 12425: 12393: 12386: 12379: 12370: 12369: 12346: 12339: 12047:Northern Ireland 11956: 11955: 11943: 11942: 11939: 11938: 11676: 11675: 11589: 11542: 11541: 11400:House of Commons 11368:Local government 11302: 11301: 11298: 11297: 11208:Renewable energy 11193:hydroelectricity 11031: 11030: 11027: 11026: 10863: 10862: 10842: 10835: 10828: 10819: 10818: 10805: 10804: 10795: 10794: 10754:Co-operatives UK 10344:Hydroelectricity 10319:Renewable energy 10301: 10300: 10185:Renewable energy 10166: 10114:Renewable energy 9902:Atlantic Gateway 9890: 9889: 9721:Panic of 1796–97 9691: 9690: 9504: 9497: 9490: 9481: 9480: 9374: 9367: 9360: 9351: 9350: 9338: 9337: 9324: 9323: 9082:British New Wave 9030:Southall Studios 8950:Eagle-Lion Films 8822:Pinewood Studios 8812:Passion Pictures 8692: 8691: 8126: 8119: 8112: 8103: 8102: 8066: 8054: 7889:Pre–World War II 7884: 7872: 7826: 7814: 7761: 7691: 7687:Evening Standard 7671: 7665: 7664: 7662: 7660: 7641: 7635: 7634: 7632: 7630: 7611: 7605: 7604: 7602: 7600: 7574: 7568: 7567: 7565: 7563: 7548: 7542: 7529: 7523: 7522: 7520: 7518: 7503: 7497: 7496: 7494: 7492: 7477: 7471: 7454: 7448: 7430: 7424: 7423: 7421: 7419: 7399: 7393: 7392: 7382: 7374: 7368: 7367: 7365: 7363: 7343: 7337: 7324: 7318: 7317: 7315: 7313: 7293: 7287: 7286: 7269: 7263: 7250: 7244: 7243:, 5 August 2010. 7231: 7225: 7224: 7222: 7220: 7211:. 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Archived from 5286: 5268:UK cinema chains 5236:Cinema of Europe 5168:, hosted by the 5160: 5155: 5154: 5153: 5146: 5141: 5140: 5139: 4998:Leicester Square 4970:Screen Education 4954:Stewart Richards 4724:(who had filmed 4304:Christian Colson 4108:responsible for 4106:Andrew Macdonald 4051:Pinewood Studios 3830:National Lottery 3646:Daniel Day-Lewis 3493:Chariots of Fire 3439:Withnail & I 3241:series starring 3230:Live and Let Die 3146:A Bridge Too Far 3125:Alfred Hitchcock 3119:(1971) starring 3086:future Britain. 3080:Malcolm McDowell 3078:(1971) starring 2895:and the Italian 2824:and leading man 2803:The war room in 2784:novels, such as 2777:The Ipcress File 2641:Wolfenden report 2595:A Kind of Loving 2589:A Taste of Honey 2578:Laurence Olivier 2541:John Schlesinger 2507:Lindsay Anderson 2491:British New Wave 2169:Sir Wilfred Eady 2046:(1948) starring 1953:Laurence Olivier 1942:This Happy Breed 1933:Two Cities Films 1900:Millions Like Us 1797:Second World War 1704:Scott Sunderland 1686:Pinewood Studios 1673:as its curator. 1648:20th Century Fox 1618:(both 1936) and 1590:(1933), made at 1410:Alfred Hitchcock 1375:Alfred Hitchcock 1266:Alfred Hitchcock 1205:Frank Mottershaw 1203:. Also in 1903, 1074:Hepworth Studios 1007:in Britain were 876:Alfred Hitchcock 817:Daniel Day-Lewis 789:Laurence Olivier 741: 734: 727: 702:Northern Ireland 217: 197: 196: 67: 54:Leicester Square 47: 38: 29: 28: 21: 14159: 14158: 14154: 14153: 14152: 14150: 14149: 14148: 14124: 14123: 14122: 14117: 14116: 14111: 14069: 14063: 14049:Northern Cyprus 14031: 14025: 13946:North Macedonia 13767: 13762: 13732: 13727: 13714: 13708:Film portal 13702: 13700: 13691: 13654: 13648: 13611: 13538: 13460: 13407: 13364:North Macedonia 13312: 13229: 13143: 13115: 13000: 12957: 12899: 12732: 12664: 12638: 12592: 12536: 12460: 12415: 12411:National cinema 12402: 12397: 12367: 12362: 12349: 12342: 12335: 12314: 12227: 12128: 12041: 11950: 11929: 11834: 11790:Public holidays 11770:Life expectancy 11661: 11623: 11603:London Exchange 11599:Stock exchanges 11587: 11586:Pound sterling 11554:Bank of England 11523: 11514:Royal Air Force 11490: 11431: 11363:Law enforcement 11279: 11188:hydraulic frac. 11149: 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April 3932:The Crying Game 3811: 3797:Kenneth Branagh 3741:Palace Pictures 3737:Stephen Woolley 3721:Peter Greenaway 3608:Menelik Shabazz 3412:Bernard Delfont 3402:George Harrison 3330: 3302:Agatha Christie 3278:Elstree Studios 3218:Steptoe and Son 3070:Stanley Kubrick 3008: 2960:Charles Dickens 2867:Dr. Strangelove 2846:Stanley Kubrick 2806:Dr. Strangelove 2671:swinging London 2650: 2573:The Entertainer 2531:Ford of Britain 2511:Tony Richardson 2472: 2458:Christopher Lee 2402:Christopher Lee 2387:The Ladykillers 2371:Too Many Crooks 2365:The Naked Truth 2346:Carry On series 2342:Leslie Phillips 2290:Brothers in Law 2253:The Dam Busters 2075:Black Narcissus 2021:Brief Encounter 2007:Black Narcissus 1991: 1989:Post-war cinema 1974:The Wicked Lady 1968:The Man in Grey 1894:We Dive at Dawn 1858:Crown Film Unit 1806: 1799: 1671:Ernest Lindgren 1582:Alexander Korda 1566:Alexander Korda 1549:Jessie Matthews 1453:Gaumont-British 1390: 1361:Charlie Chaplin 1323:C. Aubrey Smith 1286:Sherlock Holmes 1244:Ludwig Blattner 1240:Elstree Studios 1224:was founded in 1132:was founded by 1105:Walter R. Booth 1076:was founded in 1064:, constructing 994:Charlie Chaplin 972:Louis Le Prince 964: 927: 888:Charlie Chaplin 864:Alexander Korda 829:Anthony Hopkins 745: 716: 645: 603: 561: 519: 477: 435: 393: 351: 309: 267: 207: 204: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 60: 33: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 14157: 14147: 14146: 14141: 14136: 14119: 14118: 14113: 14112: 14110: 14109: 14104: 14099: 14094: 14089: 14084: 14079: 14073: 14071: 14070:other entities 14065: 14064: 14062: 14061: 14056: 14051: 14046: 14041: 14035: 14033: 14027: 14026: 14024: 14023: 14021:United Kingdom 14018: 14013: 14008: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13983: 13978: 13973: 13968: 13963: 13958: 13953: 13948: 13943: 13938: 13933: 13928: 13923: 13918: 13913: 13908: 13903: 13898: 13893: 13888: 13886: 13881: 13876: 13871: 13866: 13861: 13856: 13851: 13846: 13841: 13836: 13834:Czech Republic 13831: 13826: 13821: 13816: 13811: 13806: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13786: 13781: 13775: 13773: 13769: 13768: 13761: 13760: 13753: 13746: 13738: 13729: 13728: 13726: 13725: 13711: 13696: 13693: 13692: 13690: 13689: 13684: 13679: 13677:Kurdish cinema 13674: 13669: 13667:Balochi cinema 13664: 13658: 13656: 13650: 13649: 13647: 13646: 13641: 13636: 13631: 13625: 13623: 13617: 13616: 13613: 13612: 13610: 13609: 13604: 13599: 13594: 13584: 13579: 13574: 13569: 13564: 13559: 13554: 13548: 13546: 13540: 13539: 13537: 13536: 13535: 13534: 13524: 13519: 13514: 13509: 13504: 13499: 13494: 13493: 13492: 13481: 13479: 13470: 13466: 13465: 13462: 13461: 13459: 13458: 13453: 13448: 13443: 13442: 13441: 13431: 13426: 13421: 13415: 13413: 13409: 13408: 13406: 13405: 13404: 13403: 13398: 13388: 13383: 13382: 13381: 13371: 13366: 13361: 13356: 13351: 13346: 13341: 13336: 13331: 13326: 13320: 13318: 13314: 13313: 13311: 13310: 13309: 13308: 13303: 13298: 13291:United Kingdom 13288: 13283: 13278: 13273: 13268: 13263: 13258: 13253: 13248: 13243: 13237: 13235: 13231: 13230: 13228: 13227: 13222: 13217: 13216: 13215: 13210: 13208:Russian Empire 13200: 13195: 13190: 13185: 13180: 13178:Czech Republic 13175: 13170: 13164: 13162: 13155: 13149: 13148: 13145: 13144: 13142: 13141: 13140: 13139: 13134: 13132:Russian Empire 13123: 13121: 13117: 13116: 13114: 13113: 13108: 13103: 13098: 13093: 13088: 13083: 13078: 13073: 13068: 13063: 13058: 13057: 13056: 13046: 13041: 13036: 13031: 13026: 13021: 13016: 13010: 13008: 13002: 13001: 12999: 12998: 12993: 12988: 12983: 12978: 12973: 12967: 12965: 12959: 12958: 12956: 12955: 12950: 12945: 12940: 12935: 12930: 12925: 12920: 12915: 12909: 12907: 12901: 12900: 12898: 12897: 12892: 12891: 12890: 12880: 12875: 12874: 12873: 12868: 12863: 12858: 12853: 12848: 12843: 12838: 12833: 12828: 12823: 12818: 12813: 12808: 12803: 12798: 12793: 12788: 12783: 12778: 12773: 12768: 12763: 12753: 12748: 12742: 12740: 12734: 12733: 12731: 12730: 12725: 12720: 12719: 12718: 12713: 12703: 12698: 12693: 12687: 12685: 12676: 12670: 12669: 12666: 12665: 12663: 12662: 12657: 12652: 12646: 12644: 12640: 12639: 12637: 12636: 12631: 12626: 12621: 12616: 12611: 12606: 12600: 12598: 12594: 12593: 12591: 12590: 12585: 12580: 12575: 12570: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12544: 12542: 12538: 12537: 12535: 12534: 12529: 12524: 12519: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12484: 12479: 12474: 12468: 12466: 12462: 12461: 12459: 12458: 12453: 12448: 12443: 12438: 12432: 12430: 12423: 12417: 12416: 12414: 12413: 12407: 12404: 12403: 12396: 12395: 12388: 12381: 12373: 12364: 12363: 12361: 12360: 12355: 12348: 12347: 12340: 12332: 12331: 12328: 12327: 12324: 12323: 12320: 12319: 12316: 12315: 12313: 12312: 12307: 12302: 12297: 12292: 12287: 12286: 12285: 12275: 12270: 12269: 12268: 12266:First Minister 12263: 12258: 12248: 12243: 12237: 12235: 12229: 12228: 12226: 12225: 12220: 12215: 12210: 12205: 12200: 12195: 12194: 12193: 12183: 12178: 12177: 12176: 12174:First Minister 12171: 12166: 12156: 12151: 12150: 12149: 12138: 12136: 12130: 12129: 12127: 12126: 12121: 12116: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12100: 12099: 12089: 12084: 12083: 12082: 12077: 12072: 12062: 12057: 12051: 12049: 12043: 12042: 12040: 12039: 12034: 12029: 12024: 12019: 12014: 12009: 12008: 12007: 11997: 11992: 11987: 11982: 11981: 11980: 11975: 11964: 11962: 11952: 11951: 11935: 11934: 11931: 11930: 11928: 11927: 11922: 11917: 11912: 11907: 11902: 11897: 11892: 11887: 11882: 11877: 11872: 11871: 11870: 11860: 11855: 11850: 11844: 11842: 11836: 11835: 11833: 11832: 11827: 11822: 11817: 11812: 11807: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11762: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11742: 11741: 11740: 11735: 11725: 11720: 11715: 11710: 11705: 11700: 11695: 11690: 11685: 11679: 11673: 11667: 11666: 11663: 11662: 11660: 11659: 11657:Rail transport 11654: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11633: 11631: 11625: 11624: 11622: 11621: 11616: 11611: 11606: 11596: 11591: 11583: 11578: 11573: 11568: 11563: 11558: 11557: 11556: 11545: 11539: 11533: 11532: 11529: 11528: 11525: 11524: 11522: 11521: 11516: 11511: 11506: 11500: 11498: 11492: 11491: 11489: 11488: 11487: 11486: 11479:Prime Minister 11476: 11475: 11474: 11464: 11459: 11454: 11453: 11452: 11441: 11439: 11433: 11432: 11430: 11429: 11427:Shadow Cabinet 11424: 11419: 11414: 11409: 11408: 11407: 11405:House of Lords 11402: 11392: 11387: 11386: 11385: 11380: 11370: 11365: 11360: 11355: 11350: 11349: 11348: 11338: 11333: 11332: 11331: 11321: 11316: 11311: 11305: 11295: 11289: 11288: 11285: 11284: 11281: 11280: 11278: 11277: 11276: 11275: 11270: 11262: 11261: 11260: 11255: 11247: 11242: 11241: 11240: 11235: 11230: 11222: 11221: 11220: 11215: 11210: 11205: 11200: 11195: 11190: 11185: 11180: 11175: 11165: 11159: 11157: 11151: 11150: 11148: 11147: 11142: 11137: 11132: 11127: 11122: 11117: 11116: 11115: 11105: 11104: 11103: 11098: 11087: 11085: 11079: 11078: 11076: 11075: 11070: 11065: 11060: 11055: 11050: 11045: 11039: 11037: 11035:Administrative 11024: 11018: 11017: 11014: 11013: 11011: 11010: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10980: 10979: 10978: 10968: 10963: 10957: 10955: 10951: 10950: 10948: 10947: 10946: 10945: 10940: 10932: 10931: 10930: 10925: 10917: 10916: 10915: 10910: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10887: 10882: 10877: 10871: 10869: 10860: 10854: 10853: 10851: articles 10849:United Kingdom 10845: 10844: 10837: 10830: 10822: 10813: 10812: 10810: 10809: 10799: 10788: 10785: 10784: 10782: 10781: 10776: 10771: 10766: 10761: 10756: 10751: 10746: 10741: 10736: 10730: 10728: 10720: 10719: 10716: 10715: 10713: 10712: 10711: 10710: 10709: 10708: 10703: 10693: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10672: 10671: 10666: 10656: 10655: 10654: 10649: 10644: 10639: 10631: 10630: 10629: 10624: 10619: 10614: 10604: 10602:Legal services 10599: 10594: 10593: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10577: 10572: 10567: 10556: 10555: 10554: 10543: 10541: 10537: 10536: 10534: 10533: 10532: 10531: 10521: 10516: 10511: 10506: 10501: 10500: 10499: 10489: 10484: 10482:Euronext.liffe 10479: 10474: 10469: 10468: 10467: 10462: 10452: 10446: 10444: 10436: 10435: 10433: 10432: 10431: 10430: 10425: 10417: 10416: 10415: 10414: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10395: 10394: 10393: 10388: 10383: 10368: 10367: 10366: 10361: 10356: 10351: 10346: 10341: 10336: 10331: 10326: 10311: 10309: 10298: 10294: 10293: 10291: 10290: 10285: 10284: 10283: 10273: 10268: 10267: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10246: 10245: 10244: 10234: 10229: 10227:Businesspeople 10224: 10218: 10216: 10210: 10209: 10206: 10205: 10203: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10182: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10154: 10148: 10146: 10140: 10139: 10137: 10136: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10116: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10091: 10086: 10081: 10075: 10073: 10067: 10066: 10064: 10063: 10058: 10052: 10050: 10042: 10041: 10039: 10038: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10021:Thames Gateway 10018: 10013: 10008: 10003: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9982: 9981: 9976: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9915: 9914: 9904: 9898: 9896: 9887: 9879: 9878: 9875: 9874: 9872: 9871: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9836: 9830: 9828: 9824: 9823: 9821: 9820: 9815: 9814: 9813: 9803: 9793: 9788: 9783: 9778: 9773: 9768: 9763: 9758: 9753: 9748: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9697: 9695: 9688: 9682: 9681: 9679: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9662: 9661: 9656: 9649:Pound sterling 9646: 9641: 9640: 9639: 9634: 9624: 9619: 9614: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9588: 9587: 9582: 9571: 9569: 9561: 9560: 9558: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9540:FTSE 250 Index 9537: 9535:FTSE 100 Index 9532: 9527: 9521: 9519: 9515: 9514: 9507: 9506: 9499: 9492: 9484: 9475: 9474: 9472: 9471: 9468: 9463: 9458: 9453: 9448: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9428: 9423: 9417: 9415: 9411: 9410: 9408: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9391: 9389: 9385: 9384: 9377: 9376: 9369: 9362: 9354: 9348: 9345: 9344: 9332: 9331: 9329: 9328: 9317: 9314: 9313: 9311: 9310: 9305: 9300: 9298:London in film 9295: 9288: 9283: 9276: 9271: 9266: 9259: 9254: 9249: 9244: 9237: 9232: 9227: 9221: 9219: 9215: 9214: 9212: 9211: 9206: 9200: 9198: 9194: 9193: 9191: 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9170: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9150: 9145: 9140: 9135: 9130: 9124: 9122: 9118: 9117: 9115: 9114: 9109: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9089: 9084: 9078: 9076: 9070: 9069: 9066: 9065: 9063: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9035:Stoll Pictures 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8922: 8917: 8912: 8907: 8902: 8897: 8891: 8889: 8885: 8884: 8882: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8856: 8854:Thin Man Films 8851: 8846: 8841: 8836: 8831: 8830: 8829: 8824: 8817:Pinewood Group 8814: 8809: 8804: 8802:Number 9 Films 8799: 8794: 8789: 8784: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8767:HandMade Films 8764: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8732:Ealing Studios 8729: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8698: 8696: 8689: 8680: 8679: 8677: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8631: 8626: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8591: 8586: 8581: 8576: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8536: 8531: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8421: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8346: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8316: 8311: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8145: 8143: 8137: 8136: 8129: 8128: 8121: 8114: 8106: 8100: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8072: 8071:External links 8069: 8068: 8067: 8061: 8044: 8035: 8027: 8026: 8022: 8021: 8014: 8007: 7999: 7998: 7994: 7993: 7983: 7976: 7969: 7962: 7954: 7953: 7949: 7948: 7941: 7934: 7927: 7919: 7918: 7914: 7913: 7906: 7899: 7891: 7890: 7886: 7885: 7879: 7862: 7855: 7848: 7841: 7834: 7827: 7821: 7804: 7797: 7790: 7783: 7776: 7769: 7762: 7756: 7743: 7736: 7729: 7722: 7715: 7704: 7703: 7698: 7695: 7693: 7692: 7673:Nick Roddick, 7666: 7636: 7606: 7569: 7543: 7524: 7498: 7472: 7449: 7425: 7394: 7369: 7338: 7319: 7288: 7264: 7262:, 29 July 2010 7245: 7226: 7194: 7170: 7144: 7114: 7084: 7053: 7023: 6993: 6984: 6971: 6962: 6930: 6907: 6881: 6861: 6828: 6802: 6776: 6759: 6740: 6718: 6698: 6678: 6665:Carl Daniels, 6658: 6631: 6594: 6570: 6544: 6535: 6501: 6460: 6447: 6438: 6425: 6399: 6384:Stephen Bourne 6376: 6356: 6336: 6327: 6318: 6287: 6280: 6260: 6253: 6233: 6226: 6206: 6191: 6165: 6145: 6138: 6116: 6086: 6055: 6049:978-0859892964 6048: 6030: 6007: 5976: 5945: 5914: 5884: 5847: 5817: 5784: 5772: 5750: 5724: 5698: 5672: 5646: 5616: 5590: 5564: 5538: 5512: 5486: 5475:on 14 May 2011 5460: 5429: 5389: 5363: 5337: 5311: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5271: 5270: 5265: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5248:London in film 5245: 5240: 5239: 5238: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5174:Academy Awards 5162: 5161: 5147: 5131: 5128: 5074:visual effects 5030:Gerry Anderson 4989: 4986: 4962:Academy Awards 4919:Central Bazaar 4899:Kevin Brownlow 4879:Terence Davies 4851: 4848: 4820: 4817: 4767:Academy Awards 4743:Michael Winner 4735:George Osborne 4722:Clint Eastwood 4673: 4670: 4518:28 Weeks Later 4473:Alfonso Cuarón 4391:respectively. 4355:Mischief Night 4184:Phyllida Lloyd 4143: 4140: 4135:My Name Is Joe 3992:costume dramas 3956:Merchant Ivory 3846:Richard Curtis 3810: 3807: 3782:Educating Rita 3766:Gregory's Girl 3711:Terence Davies 3696:Hope and Glory 3673:Stephen Frears 3662:Rupert Everett 3638:Hanif Kureishi 3521:Merchant Ivory 3513:'s final film 3452:(1988), while 3410:, after EMI's 3380:HandMade Films 3329: 3326: 3187:Hercule Poirot 3169:The Wicker Man 3164:The Wicker Man 3106:Don't Look Now 3092:The Go-Between 3040:Donald Cammell 3015:Glenda Jackson 3007: 3004: 2974:Wednesday Play 2899:respectively. 2893:Roman Polanski 2842:Richard Lester 2649: 2646: 2624:Pool of London 2568:Richard Burton 2554:Harry Saltzman 2495:social realist 2471: 2470:Social realism 2468: 2376:Ealing Studios 2354:black comedies 2167:, named after 1990: 1987: 1860:, part of the 1824:central London 1800: 1798: 1795: 1778:New York Times 1678:J. Arthur Rank 1609:Things to Come 1600:The Prudential 1596:United Artists 1489:Starting with 1406:Herbert Wilcox 1389: 1386: 1354:Michael Powell 1181:Cecil Hepworth 1130:Ealing Studios 1094:William Haggar 1082:Cecil Hepworth 1009:Robert W. Paul 976:celluloid film 963: 960: 949:Cecil Hepworth 926: 923: 919:Academy Awards 913:hosted by the 769:Audrey Hepburn 761:Michael Powell 747: 746: 744: 743: 736: 729: 721: 718: 717: 715: 714: 709: 704: 698: 695: 694: 688: 687: 669: 668: 662: 661: 627: 626: 620: 619: 585: 584: 578: 577: 543: 542: 536: 535: 501: 500: 494: 493: 459: 458: 452: 451: 417: 416: 410: 409: 375: 374: 368: 367: 333: 332: 326: 325: 291: 290: 284: 283: 249: 248: 242: 241: 233: 232: 230:British horror 226: 225: 219: 218: 210: 209: 206:United Kingdom 205: 193: 192: 189: 188:National films 185: 184: 181: 177: 176: 172: 171: 168: 164: 163: 160: 156: 155: 151: 150: 147: 143: 142: 139: 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 123: 119: 118: 114: 113: 88: 84: 83: 80: 76: 75: 72: 62: 61: 48: 40: 39: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14156: 14145: 14142: 14140: 14137: 14135: 14132: 14131: 14129: 14108: 14105: 14103: 14100: 14098: 14095: 14093: 14090: 14088: 14085: 14083: 14082:Faroe Islands 14080: 14078: 14075: 14074: 14072: 14066: 14060: 14057: 14055: 14054:South Ossetia 14052: 14050: 14047: 14045: 14042: 14040: 14037: 14036: 14034: 14028: 14022: 14019: 14017: 14014: 14012: 14009: 14007: 14004: 14002: 13999: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13987: 13984: 13982: 13979: 13977: 13974: 13972: 13969: 13967: 13964: 13962: 13959: 13957: 13954: 13952: 13949: 13947: 13944: 13942: 13939: 13937: 13934: 13932: 13929: 13927: 13924: 13922: 13919: 13917: 13914: 13912: 13909: 13907: 13906:Liechtenstein 13904: 13902: 13899: 13897: 13894: 13892: 13889: 13887: 13885: 13882: 13880: 13877: 13875: 13872: 13870: 13867: 13865: 13862: 13860: 13857: 13855: 13852: 13850: 13847: 13845: 13842: 13840: 13837: 13835: 13832: 13830: 13827: 13825: 13822: 13820: 13817: 13815: 13812: 13810: 13807: 13805: 13802: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13792: 13790: 13787: 13785: 13782: 13780: 13777: 13776: 13774: 13770: 13766: 13759: 13754: 13752: 13747: 13745: 13740: 13739: 13736: 13724: 13723: 13718: 13712: 13710: 13709: 13698: 13697: 13694: 13688: 13685: 13683: 13682:Latin America 13680: 13678: 13675: 13673: 13670: 13668: 13665: 13663: 13660: 13659: 13657: 13651: 13645: 13642: 13640: 13637: 13635: 13632: 13630: 13627: 13626: 13624: 13622: 13618: 13608: 13605: 13603: 13600: 13598: 13595: 13592: 13588: 13585: 13583: 13580: 13578: 13575: 13573: 13570: 13568: 13565: 13563: 13560: 13558: 13555: 13553: 13550: 13549: 13547: 13545: 13541: 13533: 13530: 13529: 13528: 13527:United States 13525: 13523: 13520: 13518: 13515: 13513: 13510: 13508: 13505: 13503: 13500: 13498: 13495: 13491: 13488: 13487: 13486: 13483: 13482: 13480: 13478: 13474: 13471: 13467: 13457: 13454: 13452: 13449: 13447: 13444: 13440: 13437: 13436: 13435: 13432: 13430: 13427: 13425: 13422: 13420: 13417: 13416: 13414: 13410: 13402: 13399: 13397: 13394: 13393: 13392: 13389: 13387: 13384: 13380: 13377: 13376: 13375: 13372: 13370: 13367: 13365: 13362: 13360: 13357: 13355: 13352: 13350: 13347: 13345: 13342: 13340: 13337: 13335: 13332: 13330: 13327: 13325: 13322: 13321: 13319: 13315: 13307: 13304: 13302: 13299: 13297: 13294: 13293: 13292: 13289: 13287: 13284: 13282: 13279: 13277: 13274: 13272: 13269: 13267: 13264: 13262: 13259: 13257: 13254: 13252: 13251:Faroe Islands 13249: 13247: 13244: 13242: 13239: 13238: 13236: 13232: 13226: 13223: 13221: 13218: 13214: 13211: 13209: 13206: 13205: 13204: 13201: 13199: 13196: 13194: 13191: 13189: 13186: 13184: 13181: 13179: 13176: 13174: 13171: 13169: 13166: 13165: 13163: 13159: 13156: 13154: 13150: 13138: 13135: 13133: 13130: 13129: 13128: 13125: 13124: 13122: 13118: 13112: 13109: 13107: 13104: 13102: 13099: 13097: 13094: 13092: 13089: 13087: 13084: 13082: 13079: 13077: 13074: 13072: 13069: 13067: 13064: 13062: 13059: 13055: 13052: 13051: 13050: 13047: 13045: 13042: 13040: 13037: 13035: 13032: 13030: 13027: 13025: 13022: 13020: 13017: 13015: 13012: 13011: 13009: 13007: 13003: 12997: 12994: 12992: 12989: 12987: 12984: 12982: 12979: 12977: 12974: 12972: 12969: 12968: 12966: 12964: 12960: 12954: 12951: 12949: 12946: 12944: 12941: 12939: 12936: 12934: 12931: 12929: 12926: 12924: 12921: 12919: 12916: 12914: 12911: 12910: 12908: 12906: 12902: 12896: 12893: 12889: 12886: 12885: 12884: 12881: 12879: 12876: 12872: 12869: 12867: 12864: 12862: 12859: 12857: 12854: 12852: 12849: 12847: 12844: 12842: 12839: 12837: 12834: 12832: 12829: 12827: 12824: 12822: 12819: 12817: 12814: 12812: 12809: 12807: 12804: 12802: 12799: 12797: 12794: 12792: 12789: 12787: 12784: 12782: 12779: 12777: 12776:Chhattisgarhi 12774: 12772: 12769: 12767: 12764: 12762: 12759: 12758: 12757: 12754: 12752: 12749: 12747: 12744: 12743: 12741: 12739: 12735: 12729: 12726: 12724: 12721: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12708: 12707: 12704: 12702: 12699: 12697: 12694: 12692: 12689: 12688: 12686: 12684: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12671: 12661: 12658: 12656: 12653: 12651: 12648: 12647: 12645: 12641: 12635: 12632: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12622: 12620: 12617: 12615: 12612: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12602: 12601: 12599: 12595: 12589: 12586: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12574: 12571: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12545: 12543: 12539: 12533: 12530: 12528: 12525: 12523: 12520: 12518: 12515: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12493: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12480: 12478: 12475: 12473: 12470: 12469: 12467: 12463: 12457: 12454: 12452: 12449: 12447: 12444: 12442: 12439: 12437: 12434: 12433: 12431: 12427: 12424: 12422: 12418: 12412: 12409: 12408: 12405: 12401: 12394: 12389: 12387: 12382: 12380: 12375: 12374: 12371: 12359: 12356: 12354: 12351: 12350: 12345: 12341: 12338: 12334: 12333: 12329: 12311: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12288: 12284: 12281: 12280: 12279: 12276: 12274: 12271: 12267: 12264: 12262: 12259: 12257: 12254: 12253: 12252: 12249: 12247: 12244: 12242: 12239: 12238: 12236: 12234: 12230: 12224: 12221: 12219: 12216: 12214: 12211: 12209: 12206: 12204: 12201: 12199: 12196: 12192: 12189: 12188: 12187: 12184: 12182: 12179: 12175: 12172: 12170: 12167: 12165: 12162: 12161: 12160: 12157: 12155: 12152: 12148: 12145: 12144: 12143: 12140: 12139: 12137: 12135: 12131: 12125: 12122: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12098: 12095: 12094: 12093: 12090: 12088: 12085: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12073: 12071: 12068: 12067: 12066: 12063: 12061: 12058: 12056: 12053: 12052: 12050: 12048: 12044: 12038: 12035: 12033: 12030: 12028: 12025: 12023: 12020: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12010: 12006: 12003: 12002: 12001: 11998: 11996: 11993: 11991: 11988: 11986: 11983: 11979: 11976: 11974: 11971: 11970: 11969: 11966: 11965: 11963: 11961: 11957: 11953: 11949: 11944: 11940: 11936: 11926: 11923: 11921: 11918: 11916: 11913: 11911: 11908: 11906: 11903: 11901: 11898: 11896: 11893: 11891: 11888: 11886: 11883: 11881: 11878: 11876: 11873: 11869: 11866: 11865: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11845: 11843: 11841: 11837: 11831: 11830:Welfare state 11828: 11826: 11823: 11821: 11818: 11816: 11813: 11811: 11808: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11775:Mental health 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11743: 11739: 11736: 11734: 11731: 11730: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11721: 11719: 11718:Ethnic groups 11716: 11714: 11711: 11709: 11706: 11704: 11701: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11681: 11680: 11677: 11674: 11672: 11668: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11642:Bus transport 11640: 11638: 11637:Air transport 11635: 11634: 11632: 11630: 11626: 11620: 11617: 11615: 11612: 11610: 11607: 11604: 11600: 11597: 11595: 11592: 11590: 11584: 11582: 11581:Manufacturing 11579: 11577: 11574: 11572: 11569: 11567: 11564: 11562: 11559: 11555: 11552: 11551: 11550: 11547: 11546: 11543: 11540: 11538: 11534: 11520: 11517: 11515: 11512: 11510: 11507: 11505: 11502: 11501: 11499: 11497: 11493: 11485: 11482: 11481: 11480: 11477: 11473: 11470: 11469: 11468: 11465: 11463: 11460: 11458: 11457:Civil service 11455: 11451: 11448: 11447: 11446: 11443: 11442: 11440: 11438: 11434: 11428: 11425: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11406: 11403: 11401: 11398: 11397: 11396: 11393: 11391: 11388: 11384: 11383:republicanism 11381: 11379: 11376: 11375: 11374: 11371: 11369: 11366: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11356: 11354: 11351: 11347: 11344: 11343: 11342: 11339: 11337: 11334: 11330: 11327: 11326: 11325: 11322: 11320: 11317: 11315: 11312: 11310: 11307: 11306: 11303: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11290: 11274: 11271: 11269: 11266: 11265: 11263: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11251: 11250: 11248: 11246: 11243: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11225: 11223: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11203:North Sea oil 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11191: 11189: 11186: 11184: 11181: 11179: 11176: 11174: 11171: 11170: 11169: 11166: 11164: 11161: 11160: 11158: 11156: 11152: 11146: 11143: 11141: 11138: 11136: 11133: 11131: 11128: 11126: 11123: 11121: 11118: 11114: 11111: 11110: 11109: 11106: 11102: 11101:Great Britain 11099: 11097: 11094: 11093: 11092: 11091:British Isles 11089: 11088: 11086: 11084: 11080: 11074: 11071: 11069: 11066: 11064: 11061: 11059: 11056: 11054: 11051: 11049: 11046: 11044: 11041: 11040: 11038: 11036: 11032: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11019: 11009: 11006: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10984: 10981: 10977: 10974: 10973: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10958: 10956: 10952: 10944: 10941: 10939: 10936: 10935: 10933: 10929: 10926: 10924: 10921: 10920: 10918: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10905: 10903: 10901: 10898: 10896: 10893: 10891: 10890:Edwardian era 10888: 10886: 10885:Victorian era 10883: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10872: 10870: 10868: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10855: 10850: 10843: 10838: 10836: 10831: 10829: 10824: 10823: 10820: 10808: 10800: 10798: 10790: 10789: 10786: 10780: 10777: 10775: 10772: 10770: 10767: 10765: 10762: 10760: 10757: 10755: 10752: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10742: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10732: 10731: 10729: 10727:organisations 10721: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10698: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10688: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10670: 10667: 10665: 10662: 10661: 10660: 10657: 10653: 10650: 10648: 10645: 10643: 10640: 10638: 10635: 10634: 10632: 10628: 10625: 10623: 10620: 10618: 10615: 10613: 10610: 10609: 10608: 10607:Manufacturing 10605: 10603: 10600: 10598: 10595: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10568: 10566: 10563: 10562: 10561: 10557: 10553: 10550: 10549: 10548: 10545: 10544: 10542: 10538: 10530: 10527: 10526: 10525: 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10498: 10495: 10494: 10493: 10490: 10488: 10485: 10483: 10480: 10478: 10475: 10473: 10470: 10466: 10463: 10461: 10460:List of banks 10458: 10457: 10456: 10453: 10451: 10448: 10447: 10445: 10443: 10437: 10429: 10426: 10424: 10421: 10420: 10418: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10398: 10396: 10392: 10389: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10378: 10377: 10374: 10373: 10372: 10369: 10365: 10362: 10360: 10357: 10355: 10354:North Sea oil 10352: 10350: 10347: 10345: 10342: 10340: 10337: 10335: 10332: 10330: 10327: 10325: 10322: 10321: 10320: 10316: 10313: 10312: 10310: 10308: 10302: 10299: 10295: 10289: 10286: 10282: 10279: 10278: 10277: 10276:Trades unions 10274: 10272: 10269: 10265: 10262: 10260: 10257: 10255: 10252: 10251: 10250: 10247: 10243: 10240: 10239: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10219: 10217: 10211: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10164: 10158: 10155: 10153: 10150: 10149: 10147: 10145: 10141: 10135: 10132: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10115: 10112: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10076: 10074: 10072: 10068: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10053: 10051: 10049: 10043: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10017: 10014: 10012: 10009: 10007: 10004: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9971: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9913: 9912:Big City Plan 9910: 9909: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9899: 9897: 9895: 9891: 9888: 9880: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9864:Privatisation 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9844:Gold standard 9842: 9840: 9837: 9835: 9832: 9831: 9829: 9825: 9819: 9816: 9812: 9809: 9808: 9807: 9804: 9801: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9779: 9777: 9774: 9772: 9771:1986 Big Bang 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9752: 9749: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9698: 9696: 9694:Chronological 9692: 9689: 9687: 9683: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9651: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9629: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9577: 9576: 9573: 9572: 9570: 9562: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9525:Co-operatives 9523: 9522: 9520: 9516: 9512: 9505: 9500: 9498: 9493: 9491: 9486: 9485: 9482: 9469: 9467: 9464: 9462: 9459: 9457: 9454: 9452: 9449: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9418: 9416: 9412: 9406: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9392: 9390: 9386: 9382: 9375: 9370: 9368: 9363: 9361: 9356: 9355: 9352: 9346: 9339: 9327: 9319: 9318: 9315: 9309: 9306: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9293: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9281: 9277: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9264: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9248: 9245: 9243: 9242: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9222: 9220: 9216: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9202: 9201: 9199: 9195: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9169: 9166: 9164: 9161: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9151: 9149: 9148:BFI Southbank 9146: 9144: 9141: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9129: 9126: 9125: 9123: 9121:Organisations 9119: 9113: 9110: 9108: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9085: 9083: 9080: 9079: 9077: 9071: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9050:Warwick Films 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9040:Tempean Films 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8940:The Danzigers 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8892: 8890: 8886: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8860: 8859:Vertigo Films 8857: 8855: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8819: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8788: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8775: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8738: 8735: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8699: 8697: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8681: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8517: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8417: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8146: 8144: 8142: 8141:Films by year 8138: 8134: 8127: 8122: 8120: 8115: 8113: 8108: 8107: 8104: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8074: 8064: 8058: 8053: 8052: 8045: 8043: 8039: 8036: 8034:. London: BFI 8033: 8029: 8028: 8024: 8023: 8020:. London: BFI 8019: 8015: 8012: 8008: 8005: 8001: 8000: 7996: 7995: 7992: 7988: 7984: 7982:. London: BFI 7981: 7977: 7974: 7970: 7967: 7963: 7960: 7956: 7955: 7951: 7950: 7946: 7942: 7939: 7935: 7932: 7928: 7925: 7921: 7920: 7916: 7915: 7911: 7907: 7904: 7900: 7897: 7893: 7892: 7888: 7887: 7882: 7876: 7871: 7870: 7863: 7860: 7856: 7853: 7849: 7846: 7842: 7840:. London: BFI 7839: 7835: 7832: 7828: 7824: 7822:0-413-77301-9 7818: 7813: 7812: 7805: 7802: 7798: 7795: 7791: 7789:. London: BFI 7788: 7784: 7781: 7777: 7774: 7770: 7767: 7763: 7759: 7753: 7749: 7744: 7741: 7737: 7734: 7730: 7727: 7723: 7720: 7716: 7714: 7710: 7706: 7705: 7701: 7700: 7689: 7688: 7683: 7679: 7676: 7670: 7654: 7650: 7646: 7640: 7624: 7620: 7616: 7610: 7594: 7590: 7586: 7585: 7580: 7573: 7557: 7553: 7547: 7540: 7536: 7533: 7528: 7512: 7508: 7502: 7486: 7482: 7476: 7469: 7466: 7462: 7459: 7453: 7446: 7442: 7438: 7435: 7429: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7398: 7390: 7386: 7385:The Telegraph 7381: 7373: 7357: 7353: 7349: 7342: 7335: 7331: 7328: 7323: 7307: 7303: 7299: 7292: 7284: 7280: 7279: 7274: 7268: 7261: 7257: 7254: 7249: 7242: 7238: 7235: 7230: 7214: 7210: 7209: 7204: 7198: 7191: 7187: 7183: 7180: 7174: 7158: 7154: 7148: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7118: 7102: 7098: 7094: 7088: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7063:"Match Point" 7057: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7027: 7011: 7007: 7003: 6997: 6988: 6981: 6975: 6966: 6959: 6958: 6953: 6949: 6946: 6942: 6941: 6934: 6927: 6923: 6919: 6916: 6911: 6895: 6891: 6885: 6878: 6874: 6871: 6865: 6849: 6845: 6844: 6839: 6832: 6816: 6812: 6806: 6790: 6786: 6780: 6773:. p. 19. 6772: 6771: 6763: 6756: 6752: 6749: 6744: 6737: 6733: 6732: 6728: 6727:David Thomson 6722: 6715: 6711: 6708: 6705:Mark Duguid, 6702: 6695: 6691: 6688: 6682: 6675: 6671: 6668: 6662: 6655: 6651: 6647: 6644: 6638: 6636: 6619: 6615: 6611: 6610: 6605: 6598: 6590: 6586: 6585: 6580: 6574: 6558: 6554: 6548: 6539: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6508: 6506: 6486: 6482: 6475: 6469: 6467: 6465: 6457: 6451: 6442: 6435: 6432:Sarah Street 6429: 6413: 6409: 6403: 6396: 6392: 6389: 6385: 6380: 6373: 6369: 6366: 6360: 6353: 6349: 6346: 6343:Mark Duguid, 6340: 6331: 6322: 6306: 6302: 6298: 6291: 6283: 6281:9780810880269 6277: 6273: 6272: 6264: 6256: 6250: 6247:. Routledge. 6246: 6245: 6237: 6229: 6223: 6219: 6218: 6210: 6202: 6195: 6179: 6175: 6169: 6161: 6160: 6152: 6150: 6141: 6135: 6131: 6127: 6120: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6090: 6074: 6070: 6066: 6059: 6051: 6045: 6041: 6034: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6016: 6011: 5995: 5991: 5987: 5980: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5949: 5933: 5929: 5925: 5918: 5902: 5898: 5894: 5888: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5868: 5864: 5860: 5859: 5851: 5835: 5831: 5827: 5821: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5791: 5789: 5781: 5776: 5760: 5754: 5738: 5734: 5728: 5712: 5708: 5702: 5686: 5682: 5676: 5660: 5656: 5650: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5604: 5600: 5594: 5578: 5574: 5568: 5552: 5548: 5542: 5526: 5522: 5516: 5500: 5496: 5490: 5474: 5470: 5464: 5448: 5444: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5399: 5393: 5377: 5373: 5367: 5351: 5347: 5341: 5325: 5321: 5315: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5285: 5283: 5278: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5237: 5234: 5233: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5175: 5171: 5167: 5164: 5163: 5159: 5148: 5145: 5134: 5127: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5113: 5112: 5105: 5103: 5099: 5098: 5093: 5092: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5066: 5064: 5060: 5059: 5054: 5050: 5049: 5044: 5043: 5037: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5026: 5021: 5020: 5015: 5014: 5009: 5008: 4999: 4994: 4985: 4982: 4978: 4973: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4938: 4932: 4930: 4926: 4925: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4860: 4856: 4847: 4845: 4840: 4836: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4816: 4812: 4809: 4808:David Cameron 4804: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4768: 4764: 4763: 4757: 4756: 4750: 4748: 4744: 4739: 4736: 4733: 4729: 4728: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4714:Daniel Barber 4711: 4710:Timothy Spall 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4682: 4678: 4669: 4666: 4661: 4659: 4655: 4650: 4648: 4643: 4641: 4640: 4635: 4634: 4629: 4628: 4623: 4622: 4617: 4616: 4611: 4610: 4605: 4604: 4599: 4598: 4593: 4592: 4587: 4586: 4585:Batman Begins 4581: 4580: 4575: 4574: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4556: 4554: 4553: 4552:Casino Royale 4548: 4544: 4540: 4539: 4534: 4530: 4529: 4524: 4523:John le Carré 4520: 4519: 4514: 4510: 4506: 4505: 4500: 4496: 4495: 4490: 4486: 4485: 4480: 4479: 4474: 4470: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4457: 4456: 4451: 4450: 4445: 4444: 4439: 4438: 4433: 4432: 4427: 4426: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4408: 4403: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4390: 4389: 4388:28 Days Later 4384: 4383: 4378: 4377:Naomie Harris 4374: 4370: 4369: 4364: 4363: 4358: 4356: 4351: 4349: 4344: 4343: 4338: 4337: 4332: 4331: 4325: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4314: 4309: 4308:Simon Beaufoy 4305: 4302:), producer ( 4301: 4297: 4296: 4291: 4290: 4285: 4281: 4280: 4274: 4273: 4268: 4267: 4262: 4261: 4260:In This World 4256: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4235: 4234: 4229: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4216: 4215: 4210: 4209: 4204: 4200: 4199: 4193: 4191: 4190: 4185: 4181: 4180: 4179:Love Actually 4175: 4174: 4169: 4168: 4159: 4157: 4152: 4148: 4139: 4137: 4136: 4131: 4130: 4125: 4124: 4119: 4118: 4117:Trainspotting 4113: 4112: 4111:Shallow Grave 4107: 4103: 4099: 4094: 4092: 4088: 4087: 4082: 4081: 4076: 4075: 4074:Life Is Sweet 4070: 4066: 4064: 4063:Hertfordshire 4060: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4035: 4034: 4029: 4028: 4023: 4022: 4017: 4016: 4011: 4010: 4005: 4004: 3999: 3998: 3993: 3989: 3988: 3983: 3979: 3978: 3973: 3969: 3968: 3963: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3950: 3949: 3944: 3943: 3939:period drama 3938: 3934: 3933: 3928: 3924: 3923: 3918: 3917: 3912: 3911: 3906: 3905: 3900: 3899: 3893: 3891: 3887: 3886: 3881: 3880: 3875: 3874: 3869: 3868: 3863: 3862: 3861:Sliding Doors 3857: 3853: 3852: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3834: 3831: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3806: 3804: 3803: 3798: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3784: 3783: 3778: 3777:Lewis Gilbert 3774: 3773: 3768: 3767: 3762: 3758: 3757: 3752: 3751: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3733: 3728: 3727: 3722: 3719:, 1988), and 3718: 3717: 3712: 3708: 3707: 3702: 3698: 3697: 3692: 3688: 3687: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3669: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3634: 3629: 3625: 3624: 3619: 3618:Po-Chih Leong 3615: 3614: 3609: 3605: 3604: 3599: 3595: 3594:Asian British 3591: 3590:Black British 3587: 3586: 3581: 3577: 3576: 3571: 3566: 3564: 3563: 3558: 3554: 3553: 3548: 3544: 3543: 3538: 3537: 3532: 3531: 3526: 3525:E. M. Forster 3522: 3518: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3505: 3504: 3499: 3498:Colin Welland 3495: 3494: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3471:David Puttnam 3467: 3465: 3462:(1984), from 3461: 3460: 3455: 3454:Michael Palin 3451: 3450: 3445: 3441: 3440: 3435: 3434: 3429: 3428: 3423: 3422:Terry Gilliam 3419: 3418: 3413: 3409: 3408: 3403: 3395: 3394:Terry Gilliam 3391: 3387: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3372: 3370: 3369:Milton Keynes 3366: 3362: 3358: 3353: 3351: 3347: 3338: 3334: 3325: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3314: 3309: 3308: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3294: 3289: 3285: 3284: 3279: 3275: 3274: 3268: 3266: 3265: 3260: 3259: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3244: 3243:Robin Askwith 3240: 3237:included the 3236: 3232: 3231: 3226: 3225: 3220: 3219: 3214: 3213: 3207: 3205: 3204: 3194: 3193: 3188: 3184: 3183:Peter Ustinov 3180: 3176: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3165: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3147: 3142: 3141: 3140:Young Winston 3136: 3132: 3131: 3126: 3122: 3121:Michael Caine 3118: 3117: 3112: 3108: 3107: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3093: 3087: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3076: 3071: 3067: 3066: 3061: 3060:Sam Peckinpah 3057: 3056: 3051: 3047: 3046: 3041: 3037: 3032: 3030: 3029: 3024: 3016: 3012: 3003: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2995:Peter Watkins 2992: 2991: 2986: 2985: 2980: 2976: 2975: 2969: 2967: 2966: 2961: 2957: 2956: 2951: 2947: 2946:Academy Award 2943: 2942: 2937: 2936: 2931: 2930: 2925: 2924: 2919: 2918: 2913: 2912: 2907: 2906: 2900: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2885: 2879: 2878:Hertfordshire 2875: 2874: 2869: 2868: 2863: 2862: 2857: 2856: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2838: 2833: 2832: 2827: 2823: 2822:Harold Pinter 2819: 2812: 2808: 2807: 2801: 2797: 2795: 2794: 2789: 2788: 2783: 2782:John le Carré 2779: 2778: 2773: 2769: 2768:Michael Caine 2765: 2761: 2757: 2756: 2751: 2750: 2745: 2744: 2739: 2736:(1962) was a 2735: 2734: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2714: 2713: 2712:Women in Love 2708: 2707: 2702: 2701: 2696: 2695: 2691:(both 1965), 2690: 2689: 2684: 2683: 2678: 2677: 2672: 2664: 2663: 2658: 2657:Peter O'Toole 2654: 2645: 2642: 2638: 2637: 2632: 2631: 2626: 2625: 2620: 2619:Michael Relph 2616: 2615:Basil Dearden 2611: 2609: 2608: 2603: 2602: 2597: 2596: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2584: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2566:(1959), with 2565: 2564: 2559: 2555: 2550: 2549:arts series. 2548: 2547: 2542: 2538: 2537: 2532: 2528: 2527: 2522: 2518: 2517: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2467: 2465: 2464: 2459: 2455: 2454:Peter Cushing 2451: 2450: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2438: 2437:Quatermass II 2433: 2432: 2428: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2409: 2408: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2393: 2389: 2388: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2373: 2372: 2367: 2366: 2361: 2360: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2338:Michael Craig 2335: 2331: 2330: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2303: 2298: 2297: 2292: 2291: 2286: 2285: 2280: 2276: 2275: 2269: 2267: 2266: 2261: 2260: 2255: 2254: 2249: 2248: 2247:The Cruel Sea 2243: 2239: 2235: 2226: 2225: 2220: 2219:Peter Sellers 2217:starred with 2216: 2212: 2208: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2191:In 1951, the 2189: 2187: 2186:American film 2183: 2179: 2174: 2171:was a tax on 2170: 2166: 2161: 2159: 2154: 2152: 2151:Marshall Plan 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2133:levied a 75% 2132: 2128: 2123: 2121: 2120: 2119:Dead of Night 2115: 2111: 2110: 2105: 2104: 2099: 2098: 2097:Whisky Galore 2093: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2082: 2081:The Red Shoes 2077: 2076: 2071: 2070: 2065: 2064: 2063:The Third Man 2059: 2058: 2054:'s thrillers 2053: 2049: 2045: 2044: 2039: 2035: 2034: 2029: 2028: 2023: 2022: 2017: 2009: 2008: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1986: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1975: 1970: 1969: 1964: 1960: 1959: 1954: 1950: 1949: 1948:Blithe Spirit 1944: 1943: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1928: 1927: 1922: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1907: 1906:The Way Ahead 1902: 1901: 1896: 1895: 1890: 1889: 1883: 1881: 1880: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1850: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1836: 1831: 1827: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1812: 1808:Published in 1804: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1779: 1774: 1773: 1768: 1767: 1762: 1761: 1756: 1755: 1749: 1747: 1746: 1740: 1738: 1737: 1732: 1728: 1719: 1718: 1713: 1709: 1708:Leslie Howard 1705: 1701: 1697: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1674: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1661:In 1933, the 1659: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1644: 1639: 1638: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1623: 1622: 1617: 1616: 1611: 1610: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1588: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574:, founded by 1573: 1564: 1560: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1545:Gracie Fields 1542: 1541:George Formby 1538: 1534: 1530: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1505:GPO Film Unit 1502: 1498: 1497: 1492: 1491:John Grierson 1487: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1468: 1466: 1465:Oscar Deutsch 1463:, founded by 1462: 1461:Odeon Cinemas 1458: 1454: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1426:Edgar Wallace 1423: 1422: 1417: 1416: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1382: 1381: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1366: 1362: 1357: 1355: 1350: 1344: 1342: 1341: 1336: 1335: 1330: 1329: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1314: 1310: 1309:Adrian Brunel 1306: 1305:Leslie Howard 1302: 1301:Minerva Films 1295:Leslie Howard 1293: 1289: 1288:film series. 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1258: 1256: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1236: 1234: 1233:Maurice Elvey 1229: 1227: 1223: 1220:In 1911, the 1218: 1216: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1201: 1196: 1195:Lewis Carroll 1192: 1191: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1167: 1166: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1124: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1112: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1042: 1040: 1036: 1035:Charles Urban 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1003: 995: 991: 987: 985: 981: 978:were made in 977: 973: 969: 955: 947: 939: 931: 922: 920: 916: 912: 909:. The annual 908: 904: 899: 895: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 856: 854: 853: 848: 847: 842: 838: 834: 833:Peter O’Toole 830: 826: 825:Emma Thompson 822: 818: 814: 813:Julie Andrews 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 793:Michael Caine 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 742: 737: 735: 730: 728: 723: 722: 720: 719: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 699: 697: 696: 693: 690: 689: 686: 683: 680: 677: 674: 671: 670: 667: 664: 663: 660: 657: 654: 651: 648: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 628: 625: 622: 621: 618: 615: 612: 609: 606: 602: 599: 596: 593: 590: 587: 586: 583: 580: 579: 576: 573: 570: 567: 564: 560: 557: 554: 551: 548: 545: 544: 541: 538: 537: 534: 531: 528: 525: 522: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 502: 499: 496: 495: 492: 489: 486: 483: 480: 476: 473: 470: 467: 464: 461: 460: 457: 454: 453: 450: 447: 444: 441: 438: 434: 431: 428: 425: 422: 419: 418: 415: 412: 411: 408: 405: 402: 399: 396: 392: 389: 386: 383: 380: 377: 376: 373: 370: 369: 366: 363: 360: 357: 354: 350: 347: 344: 341: 338: 335: 334: 331: 328: 327: 324: 321: 318: 315: 312: 308: 305: 302: 299: 296: 293: 292: 289: 286: 285: 282: 279: 276: 273: 270: 266: 263: 260: 257: 254: 251: 250: 247: 244: 243: 240: 239: 235: 234: 231: 228: 227: 224: 221: 220: 216: 212: 211: 208: 203: 202:Cinema of the 199: 198: 190: 186: 182: 178: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 115: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 71: 63: 59: 55: 51: 46: 41: 37: 30: 27: 19: 14059:Transnistria 14020: 13713: 13699: 13687:Soviet Union 13439:German Turks 13290: 13213:Soviet Union 13137:Soviet Union 13091:Saudi Arabia 12991:Turkmenistan 12905:Southeastern 12660:South Africa 12553:Burkina Faso 12400:World cinema 12208:Homelessness 12022:Homelessness 11857: 11805:Social class 11785:Prostitution 11728:Homelessness 11509:British Army 11341:Human rights 11329:By-elections 11309:Constitution 10880:Georgian era 10676:Supermarkets 10642:Construction 10637:Architecture 10564: 10472:Canary Wharf 10305:Resource and 10288:Unemployment 10259:Minimum wage 10222:Billionaires 10119:Silicon Glen 9991:M11 Corridor 9446:Picturehouse 9380: 9292:Look at Life 9290: 9278: 9263:Harry Potter 9261: 9239: 9025:Rock Studios 8970:Gate Studios 8844:Syncopy Inc. 8787:London Films 8772:Heyday Films 8132: 8050: 8041: 8038:Miller, Toby 8031: 8017: 8010: 8003: 7986: 7979: 7972: 7965: 7958: 7944: 7937: 7930: 7923: 7917:World War II 7909: 7902: 7895: 7868: 7858: 7851: 7844: 7837: 7830: 7810: 7800: 7793: 7786: 7779: 7772: 7765: 7747: 7739: 7735:. London BFI 7732: 7725: 7718: 7708: 7685: 7669: 7657:. Retrieved 7653:the original 7648: 7639: 7627:. Retrieved 7623:the original 7618: 7609: 7597:. Retrieved 7582: 7572: 7560:. Retrieved 7546: 7527: 7515:. Retrieved 7501: 7489:. Retrieved 7475: 7468:Screen Daily 7467: 7452: 7445:The Guardian 7444: 7428: 7416:. Retrieved 7407: 7397: 7384: 7372: 7360:. Retrieved 7352:The Guardian 7351: 7341: 7322: 7310:. Retrieved 7302:The Guardian 7301: 7291: 7283:the original 7276: 7267: 7248: 7229: 7217:. Retrieved 7213:the original 7206: 7197: 7190:The Guardian 7189: 7173: 7161:. Retrieved 7156: 7147: 7135:. Retrieved 7127:The Guardian 7126: 7117: 7105:. Retrieved 7096: 7087: 7075:. Retrieved 7067:The Guardian 7066: 7056: 7044:. Retrieved 7035: 7026: 7014:. Retrieved 7005: 6996: 6987: 6979: 6974: 6965: 6955: 6938: 6933: 6926:The Guardian 6925: 6910: 6898:. Retrieved 6884: 6864: 6852:. Retrieved 6843:The Guardian 6841: 6831: 6819:. Retrieved 6815:the original 6805: 6793:. Retrieved 6779: 6768: 6762: 6743: 6735: 6729: 6721: 6701: 6681: 6661: 6653: 6622:. Retrieved 6609:Screenonline 6607: 6597: 6582: 6573: 6561:. Retrieved 6547: 6538: 6526:. Retrieved 6517: 6492:. Retrieved 6455: 6450: 6441: 6433: 6428: 6416:. Retrieved 6402: 6379: 6359: 6339: 6330: 6321: 6309:. Retrieved 6300: 6290: 6270: 6263: 6243: 6236: 6216: 6209: 6200: 6194: 6182:. Retrieved 6168: 6157: 6125: 6119: 6107:. Retrieved 6098: 6089: 6077:. Retrieved 6069:Open Culture 6068: 6058: 6039: 6033: 6010: 5998:. Retrieved 5989: 5979: 5967:. Retrieved 5958: 5948: 5936:. Retrieved 5927: 5917: 5907:28 September 5905:. Retrieved 5896: 5887: 5862: 5856: 5850: 5838:. Retrieved 5834:the original 5830:Local Heroes 5829: 5820: 5808:. Retrieved 5799: 5775: 5763:. Retrieved 5753: 5741:. Retrieved 5737:the original 5727: 5715:. Retrieved 5711:the original 5701: 5689:. Retrieved 5675: 5663:. Retrieved 5649: 5637:. Retrieved 5629:The Guardian 5628: 5619: 5607:. Retrieved 5593: 5581:. Retrieved 5567: 5555:. 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Retrieved 5298:the original 5263:World cinema 5200:Cine-variety 5118:live on the 5109: 5106: 5101: 5095: 5089: 5070:digital film 5067: 5063:Harry Potter 5056: 5046: 5042:Time Bandits 5040: 5038: 5023: 5017: 5016:(1979), and 5011: 5005: 5003: 4996:Vue cinema, 4981:Film on Four 4974: 4969: 4950:Ken McMullen 4946:Sally Potter 4935: 4933: 4928: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4906: 4903:Andrew Mollo 4895:Derek Jarman 4893:(1982)) and 4890: 4885:(1978), via 4882: 4875:My Childhood 4874: 4871:Bill Douglas 4864: 4841: 4837: 4822: 4813: 4805: 4797:Ridley Scott 4782: 4760: 4755:The Guardian 4753: 4751: 4740: 4725: 4706:Damian Lewis 4694:James McAvoy 4686: 4662: 4654:Warner Bros. 4651: 4644: 4637: 4631: 4625: 4619: 4613: 4609:Sweeney Todd 4607: 4601: 4595: 4589: 4583: 4577: 4571: 4557: 4550: 4547:Daniel Craig 4536: 4526: 4516: 4502: 4492: 4489:Jane Campion 4482: 4476: 4466: 4460: 4453: 4447: 4441: 4435: 4429: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4405: 4399: 4393: 4386: 4380: 4366: 4360: 4353: 4346: 4340: 4334: 4330:East Is East 4328: 4326: 4311: 4293: 4287: 4277: 4270: 4264: 4258: 4252: 4231: 4225: 4219: 4212: 4211:in 2010 and 4206: 4203:David Heyman 4196: 4194: 4187: 4177: 4171: 4165: 4162: 4156:Harry Potter 4155: 4151:David Heyman 4133: 4127: 4121: 4115: 4109: 4095: 4084: 4078: 4072: 4067: 4044: 4038: 4031: 4025: 4019: 4013: 4007: 4001: 3995: 3985: 3980:(1993), and 3975: 3965: 3959: 3958:productions 3953: 3946: 3940: 3930: 3920: 3914: 3908: 3902: 3896: 3894: 3883: 3877: 3871: 3867:Notting Hill 3865: 3859: 3849: 3835: 3826: 3800: 3790: 3780: 3770: 3764: 3761:Bill Forsyth 3754: 3748: 3730: 3724: 3714: 3704: 3701:Derek Jarman 3694: 3691:John Boorman 3684: 3676: 3670: 3641: 3631: 3621: 3611: 3601: 3598:Franco Rosso 3583: 3573: 3567: 3560: 3550: 3547:Roland Joffé 3540: 3534: 3528: 3514: 3508: 3501: 3491: 3480:Ridley Scott 3468: 3464:Alan Bennett 3457: 3447: 3442:(1987), and 3437: 3431: 3427:Time Bandits 3425: 3415: 3405: 3399: 3373: 3354: 3342: 3311: 3305: 3291: 3281: 3271: 3269: 3262: 3256: 3253:Monty Python 3246: 3238: 3235:sex comedies 3228: 3222: 3216: 3212:On the Buses 3210: 3208: 3201: 3198: 3190: 3168: 3162: 3144: 3138: 3128: 3114: 3104: 3090: 3088: 3073: 3068:(1971), and 3063: 3053: 3043: 3036:Nicolas Roeg 3033: 3026: 3023:Billy Wilder 3020: 2999:The War Game 2997: 2988: 2982: 2972: 2970: 2965:Oliver Twist 2963: 2953: 2939: 2933: 2927: 2921: 2915: 2914:(1963), and 2909: 2903: 2901: 2888: 2882: 2871: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2835: 2829: 2828:, including 2826:Dirk Bogarde 2818:Joseph Losey 2815: 2804: 2791: 2785: 2775: 2772:Harry Palmer 2764:Len Deighton 2753: 2747: 2741: 2731: 2728:Sean Connery 2726:series with 2717: 2710: 2704: 2698: 2692: 2686: 2680: 2674: 2668: 2660: 2634: 2628: 2627:(1950). and 2622: 2613:The team of 2612: 2605: 2599: 2593: 2587: 2581: 2576:(1960) with 2571: 2561: 2558:John Osborne 2556:, dramatist 2551: 2544: 2534: 2524: 2514: 2488: 2461: 2447: 2441: 2435: 2429: 2420:Nigel Kneale 2416:Hammer Films 2413: 2405: 2385: 2379: 2369: 2363: 2357: 2356:, including 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1332: 1326: 1316: 1298: 1278:Oswald Stoll 1259: 1252: 1237: 1230: 1226:Soho, London 1219: 1212: 1198: 1189: 1178: 1171: 1163: 1138: 1127: 1120: 1114: 1108: 1103:Directed by 1102: 1055: 1043: 1016: 999: 965: 911:BAFTA Awards 900: 896: 884:Ridley Scott 857: 850: 846:Harry Potter 844: 837:Kate Winslet 805:Joan Collins 801:Ian Mckellen 797:Sean Connery 785:Maggie Smith 781:Glynis Johns 777:Vivien Leigh 750: 691: 665: 623: 581: 539: 497: 455: 413: 371: 329: 287: 245: 236: 201: 200: 74:4,264 (2017) 50:Harry Potter 26: 14097:Isle of Man 14032:recognition 14006:Switzerland 13941:Netherlands 13672:Middle East 13639:New Zealand 13532:Puerto Rico 13456:Switzerland 13451:Netherlands 12971:Afghanistan 12938:Philippines 12507:South Sudan 12295:Health care 12203:Health care 12109:Health care 12017:Health care 11925:Anglosphere 11800:Social care 11755:Immigration 11698:Drug policy 11462:Departments 11390:Nationality 11163:Agriculture 11096:terminology 11063:City status 10934:Since 1979 10652:Real estate 10376:Agriculture 10163:Cardiff Bay 10152:Agriculture 10109:Oil and gas 10084:Agriculture 10011:Silicon Fen 9986:M4 corridor 9979:London Plan 9800:Growth deal 9627:HM Treasury 9597:Company law 9566:governance, 9102:Free Cinema 8905:Astra Films 7991:I.B. Tauris 7713:I.B. Tauris 7432:Ben Child, 7408:Irish Times 7362:11 December 7312:11 December 7163:18 November 7137:18 November 6685:Ann Ogidi, 6589:Archive.org 6563:27 February 6494:14 November 6184:11 December 5810:14 February 5609:11 December 5583:11 December 5557:11 December 5144:Film portal 5094:(2008) and 5065:franchise. 5045:(1981) and 4927:(1975) and 4873:'s Trilogy 4859:London IMAX 4825:Danny Boyle 4801:David Yates 4789:Mike Newell 4698:Emily Blunt 4494:Bright Star 4481:(2004) and 4468:Match Point 4463:Woody Allen 4412:Noel Clarke 4365:(2004) and 4300:Danny Boyle 4227:Chicken Run 4158:film series 4132:(1999) and 4123:Small Faces 4114:(1994) and 4102:Danny Boyle 4093:at Cannes. 4055:Rolls-Royce 4033:Topsy-Turvy 4030:(1998) and 4003:Restoration 3977:Shadowlands 3964:(1992) and 3961:Howards End 3945:(1992) and 3927:Neil Jordan 3919:(1999) and 3882:(1998) and 3864:(1998) and 3844:released a 3795:(1983) and 3792:The Dresser 3787:Peter Yates 3769:(1981) and 3753:(1984) and 3745:Neil Jordan 3739:'s company 3729:(1982) and 3681:Mike Newell 3654:Colin Firth 3650:Gary Oldman 3616:(1981) and 3552:The Mission 3539:(1985) and 3488:Adrian Lyne 3484:Alan Parker 3476:Hugh Hudson 3456:starred in 3444:John Cleese 3430:(1981) and 3361:AMC Cinemas 3320:'s company 3310:(1974) and 3261:(1975) and 3215:(1971) and 3151:horror film 3143:(1972) and 3111:Mike Hodges 3109:(1973) and 3050:Ken Russell 3045:Performance 2987:(1967) and 2932:(1966) and 2887:(1965) and 2870:(1963) and 2858:(1964) and 2850:The Beatles 2834:(1963) and 2831:The Servant 2790:(1965) and 2755:Thunderball 2738:sleeper hit 2700:Georgy Girl 2598:(1962) and 2521:Free Cinema 2503:Karel Reisz 2483:Free Cinema 2479:Karel Reisz 2463:Peeping Tom 2446:(1957) and 2434:(1955) and 2384:(1951) and 2368:(1957) and 2350:Mario Zampi 2262:(1955) and 2139:Hugh Dalton 2131:HM Treasury 2114:portmanteau 2078:(1947) and 2060:(1947) and 2057:Odd Man Out 2038:Ken Annakin 2030:(1946) and 1983:James Mason 1971:(1943) and 1945:(1944) and 1937:Noël Coward 1923:(1943) and 1911:The Archers 1903:(1943) and 1783:Magna Carta 1772:Picturegoer 1763:(1935) and 1731:MGM-British 1634:(1938) and 1533:Music halls 1527:W. H. Auden 1509:documentary 1457:ABC Cinemas 1442:Borehamwood 1321:, starring 1313:A. A. Milne 1149:Kinemacolor 1134:Will Barker 1070:West London 1047:Shakespeare 821:Gary Oldman 162:170,600,000 146:Documentary 133:213 (74.7%) 95:StudioCanal 14128:Categories 13976:San Marino 13936:Montenegro 13916:Luxembourg 13896:Kazakhstan 13799:Azerbaijan 13662:Arab World 13497:Costa Rica 13446:Luxembourg 13379:Yugoslavia 13359:Montenegro 13019:Azerbaijan 12996:Uzbekistan 12986:Tajikistan 12981:Kyrgyzstan 12976:Kazakhstan 12851:Rajasthani 12746:Bangladesh 12558:Cape Verde 12492:Madagascar 12261:Government 12169:Government 12164:Parliament 11880:Literature 11760:Innovation 11693:Demography 11588:(currency) 11437:Government 11395:Parliament 11319:Devolution 11314:Corruption 11249:Materials 11183:geothermal 10867:Chronology 10706:High-speed 10701:Inter-city 10617:Automotive 10597:Healthcare 10585:Television 10575:Newspapers 10419:Materials 10334:Geothermal 10307:production 10249:Labour law 10232:Demography 10215:and labour 9996:Manchester 9907:Birmingham 9839:Free trade 9568:regulation 9308:Telecinema 9280:James Bond 9247:Censorship 9225:Box office 9073:Genres and 8955:Eros Films 8869:Warp Films 8752:Framestore 7989:. London: 7711:. London: 7599:1 December 7584:Yahoo News 6900:15 January 6795:15 January 5938:18 October 5717:22 October 5691:25 January 5665:25 January 5639:2 November 5531:25 January 5505:25 January 5479:2 November 5330:5 November 5274:References 5082:Tim Webber 5078:Framestore 5053:James Bond 4942:art cinema 4907:Winstanley 4881:' Trilogy 4850:Art cinema 4681:Idris Elba 4621:Robin Hood 4564:Shepperton 4449:Blue Story 4437:The Intent 4425:Bullet Boy 4416:Kidulthood 4401:Kidulthood 4382:Underworld 4373:Robbie Gee 4368:Four Lions 4322:Tom Hooper 4284:Joe Wright 4266:Vera Drake 4189:Mamma Mia! 4129:Ratcatcher 4098:John Hodge 4091:Palme d'Or 4069:Mike Leigh 4041:James Bond 4015:Mrs. Brown 3856:Hugh Grant 3818:Hugh Grant 3772:Local Hero 3570:Horace Ové 3557:Palme d'Or 3536:Revolution 3527:, such as 3511:David Lean 3298:Shepperton 3296:(1979) at 3286:(1978) at 3276:(1977) at 3203:Up Pompeii 3116:Get Carter 3097:Palme d'Or 3065:Straw Dogs 3055:The Devils 2749:Goldfinger 2724:James Bond 2601:Billy Liar 2234:John Mills 2201:South Bank 2173:box office 2125:Under the 2052:Carol Reed 2040:'s comedy 2016:David Lean 1866:Paul Rotha 1523:Harry Watt 1514:Night Mail 1484:Joan Barry 1476:Anny Ondra 1315:including 1185:Percy Stow 1119:. Booth's 1049:plays and 1013:Birt Acres 892:Cary Grant 852:James Bond 809:Judi Dench 765:Carol Reed 757:David Lean 692:By Country 149:66 (23.2%) 52:statue in 14087:Gibraltar 13911:Lithuania 13629:Australia 13607:Venezuela 13552:Argentina 13396:Catalonia 13276:Lithuania 13081:Palestine 12943:Singapore 12923:Indonesia 12895:Sri Lanka 12888:Lollywood 12826:Malayalam 12696:Hong Kong 12497:Mauritius 12290:Education 12246:Geography 12198:Education 12154:Geography 12104:Education 12075:Executive 12060:Geography 12012:Education 11985:Geography 11765:Languages 11703:Education 11629:Transport 11467:Ministers 11353:Judiciary 11324:Elections 11264:Wildlife 11173:biodiesel 11155:Resources 11145:Volcanoes 11135:Mountains 11120:Coastline 11022:Geography 10976:1814–1919 10938:political 10923:political 10875:Formation 10723:Trade and 10686:Transport 10633:Property 10612:Aerospace 10547:Education 10492:Insurance 10440:Financial 10324:Biodiesel 10200:Transport 10129:Transport 10089:Edinburgh 10061:Transport 10036:Wiltshire 10031:Transport 10006:Sheffield 9964:Liverpool 9827:Recurrent 9654:Banknotes 9564:Currency, 9518:Companies 9466:The Light 9395:Cineworld 9257:Eady Levy 9209:Directors 9075:movements 8849:S4C Films 8722:DNA Films 7562:23 August 7418:23 August 6821:3 January 6770:The Times 6725:See also 6159:The Times 5879:0036-9543 5840:14 August 5058:Gladiator 4977:Channel 4 4883:Childhood 4833:pop music 4727:Hereafter 4639:War Horse 4597:United 93 4568:Leavesden 4515:directed 4420:Adulthood 4407:Adulthood 4318:George VI 4289:Atonement 4272:The Queen 4222:Nick Park 4201:in 2001. 4059:Leavesden 4046:GoldenEye 3922:The Mummy 3879:Elizabeth 3756:Mona Lisa 3709:, 1987), 3666:Brit Pack 3644:features 3628:Channel 4 3623:Ping Pong 3376:Goldcrest 3365:The Point 3350:Channel 4 3346:Eady Levy 3344:the 1957 3318:Lew Grade 3273:Star Wars 3084:dystopian 2979:Ken Loach 2911:Tom Jones 2884:Repulsion 2648:The 1960s 2519:and the " 2274:Genevieve 2165:Eady Levy 2141:then the 1844:the Blitz 1840:Harry Wat 1811:The Times 1791:Hollywood 1717:Pygmalion 1676:In 1934, 1615:Rembrandt 1576:Hungarian 1480:Blackmail 1432:at their 1415:Blackmail 1365:Hollywood 1340:Bookworms 1328:Twice Two 1282:Fu Manchu 1250:in 1930. 1238:In 1914, 1209:Sheffield 1187:directed 1179:In 1903, 1128:In 1902, 1107:in 1901, 1090:Yorkshire 1086:Bamforths 1056:In 1898, 1027:Blackburn 996:, c. 1918 872:Goldcrest 860:Hollywood 238:1888–1919 130:Fictional 14107:Svalbard 14092:Guernsey 14039:Abkhazia 13991:Slovenia 13986:Slovakia 13961:Portugal 13819:Bulgaria 13597:Suriname 13582:Paraguay 13572:Colombia 13469:Americas 13386:Slovenia 13369:Portugal 13317:Southern 13301:Scotland 13234:Northern 13220:Slovakia 13173:Bulgaria 13120:Northern 12948:Thailand 12933:Malaysia 12918:Cambodia 12883:Pakistan 12856:Sanskrit 12811:Kashmiri 12796:Haryanvi 12791:Gujarati 12771:Bhojpuri 12761:Assamese 12738:Southern 12723:Mongolia 12650:Botswana 12643:Southern 12624:Congo DR 12609:Cameroon 12532:Zimbabwe 12517:Tanzania 12482:Ethiopia 12472:Djibouti 12429:Northern 12353:Category 12305:Religion 12251:Politics 12218:Religion 12159:Politics 12147:timeline 12134:Scotland 12119:Religion 12070:Assembly 12065:Politics 12032:Religion 11990:Politics 11978:timeline 11895:Religion 11875:Identity 11738:Scotland 11683:Cannabis 11609:Taxation 11496:Military 11378:monarchs 11373:Monarchy 11293:Politics 11253:forestry 11233:Scottish 11224:Fishing 11083:Physical 11003:Taxation 10998:Military 10988:Maritime 10961:Economic 10954:By topic 10919:Postwar 10913:military 10908:civilian 10900:Interwar 10797:Category 10725:business 10691:Aviation 10664:Internet 10570:Gambling 10477:The City 10442:services 10423:Forestry 10406:Scottish 10397:Fishing 10339:Fracking 10271:Pensions 10079:Aberdeen 10071:Scotland 10046:Northern 10016:Somerset 9924:Cornwall 9884:regions, 9882:Nations, 9666:Taxation 9461:Showcase 9441:Omniplex 9426:Everyman 9326:Category 9241:Carry On 8707:BBC Film 8149:Pre-1920 8040:. 2000. 7952:Post-War 7678:Archived 7649:BBC News 7593:Archived 7556:Archived 7535:Archived 7511:Archived 7485:Archived 7461:Archived 7437:Archived 7412:Archived 7389:Archived 7356:Archived 7330:Archived 7306:Archived 7256:Archived 7237:Archived 7182:Archived 7131:Archived 7101:Archived 7071:Archived 7040:Archived 7010:Archived 6948:Archived 6918:Archived 6894:Archived 6873:Archived 6848:Archived 6789:Archived 6751:Archived 6710:Archived 6690:Archived 6670:Archived 6646:Archived 6618:Archived 6557:Archived 6522:Archived 6485:Archived 6418:18 April 6412:Archived 6391:Archived 6368:Archived 6348:Archived 6305:Archived 6178:Archived 6109:18 April 6103:Archived 6073:Archived 6026:BBC News 6018:Archived 6000:24 April 5994:Archived 5969:24 April 5963:Archived 5932:Archived 5901:Archived 5804:Archived 5800:BBC News 5765:18 March 5743:18 March 5685:Archived 5659:Archived 5633:Archived 5603:Archived 5577:Archived 5551:Archived 5525:Archived 5499:Archived 5447:Archived 5413:Archived 5130:See also 5124:premiere 5120:Internet 5116:streamed 5076:company 5055:series, 5010:(1978), 5007:Superman 4979:and its 4960:and the 4924:Pressure 4921:(1973), 4913:(1975), 4718:Ian Holm 4560:Pinewood 4446:(2018), 4434:(2006), 4428:(2004), 4345:(1997), 4138:(1998). 4126:(1996), 4077:(1991), 4036:(1999). 4024:(1998), 4018:(1997), 4012:(1996), 4006:(1995), 4000:(1995), 3970:(1993), 3951:(1997). 3913:(1998), 3907:(1996), 3901:(1994), 3876:(1997), 3805:(1989). 3785:(1983), 3775:(1983), 3735:(1989). 3689:(1985). 3658:Tim Roth 3606:(1980), 3575:Pressure 3288:Pinewood 3283:Superman 3206:(1971). 3058:(1971), 2984:Poor Cow 2941:Accident 2929:Khartoum 2926:(1964), 2908:(1962), 2837:Accident 2811:Ken Adam 2796:(1966). 2760:spy film 2630:Sapphire 2516:Sequence 2374:(1958). 2362:(1951), 2315:thought 2293:(1957), 2268:(1956). 2256:(1954), 2250:(1953), 2100:(1948), 2072:(1946), 2036:(1948), 1929:(1944). 1897:(1943), 1891:(1942), 1882:(1942), 1757:(1934), 1739:(1939). 1631:The Drum 1553:Will Hay 1496:Drifters 1396:founded 1367:-based. 1318:The Bump 1264:, where 1145:Bradford 1053:novels. 707:Scotland 141:5 (1.8%) 138:Animated 14016:Ukraine 13966:Romania 13926:Moldova 13884:Ireland 13879:Iceland 13874:Hungary 13864:Germany 13859:Georgia 13849:Finland 13844:Estonia 13839:Denmark 13824:Croatia 13809:Belgium 13804:Belarus 13794:Austria 13789:Armenia 13784:Andorra 13779:Albania 13621:Oceania 13602:Uruguay 13591:Iquitos 13577:Ecuador 13557:Bolivia 13517:Jamaica 13434:Germany 13424:Belgium 13419:Austria 13412:Western 13401:Galicia 13334:Croatia 13324:Albania 13266:Ireland 13261:Iceland 13256:Finland 13246:Estonia 13241:Denmark 13225:Ukraine 13198:Romania 13188:Moldova 13183:Hungary 13168:Belarus 13161:Eastern 13071:Lebanon 13034:Georgia 13024:Bahrain 13014:Armenia 13006:Western 12963:Central 12953:Vietnam 12846:Punjabi 12836:Marathi 12821:Konkani 12806:Kannada 12781:Deccani 12766:Bengali 12683:Eastern 12655:Namibia 12597:Central 12583:Senegal 12578:Nigeria 12568:Liberia 12541:Western 12502:Somalia 12477:Eritrea 12465:Eastern 12456:Tunisia 12451:Morocco 12436:Algeria 12337:Outline 12310:Symbols 12300:Culture 12283:tourism 12278:Economy 12241:History 12223:Symbols 12213:Culture 12191:tourism 12186:Economy 12142:History 12124:Symbols 12114:Culture 12097:tourism 12092:Economy 12055:History 12037:Symbols 12027:Culture 12005:tourism 12000:Economy 11968:History 11960:England 11910:Theatre 11905:Symbols 11863:Cuisine 11840:Culture 11810:Suicide 11780:Poverty 11745:Housing 11733:England 11671:Society 11647:Driving 11619:Tourism 11537:Economy 11445:Cabinet 11245:Hunting 11228:English 11125:Geology 11108:Climate 10858:History 10807:Commons 10774:Make UK 10681:Tourism 10647:Housing 10627:Exports 10590:Theatre 10455:Banking 10401:English 10297:Sectors 10242:Poverty 10195:Tourism 10190:Swansea 10175:History 10170:Fishing 10157:Cardiff 10124:Tourism 10104:History 10099:Fishing 10056:Belfast 10048:Ireland 10026:Tourism 10001:Reading 9949:Fishing 9929:Croydon 9919:Bristol 9894:England 9686:History 9659:Coinage 8687:studios 7702:General 7659:30 June 7629:30 June 7157:Reuters 7107:29 June 7077:29 June 7046:29 June 7016:29 June 6854:2 April 6584:Variety 6311:17 July 5782:bfi.org 5453:30 June 5102:Gravity 5097:Gravity 5080:, with 4937:Jubilee 4829:theatre 4504:Bronson 4475:helmed 4246:at the 3820:at the 3802:Henry V 3603:Babylon 3582:as was 3446:'s hit 3396:in 1985 3339:in 1983 3304:novels 3099:at the 3017:in 1971 2955:Oliver! 2682:Darling 2546:Monitor 2449:Dracula 2407:Dracula 2321:bounder 2178:subsidy 2043:Miranda 1958:Henry V 1438:Elstree 1078:Lambeth 1051:Dickens 925:History 70:screens 14102:Jersey 14044:Kosovo 14011:Turkey 14001:Sweden 13981:Serbia 13971:Russia 13956:Poland 13951:Norway 13931:Monaco 13901:Latvia 13869:Greece 13854:France 13829:Cyprus 13562:Brazil 13522:Mexico 13490:Quebec 13485:Canada 13429:France 13374:Serbia 13349:Kosovo 13339:Greece 13286:Sweden 13281:Norway 13271:Latvia 13203:Russia 13193:Poland 13153:Europe 13127:Russia 13101:Turkey 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