505:
152:
283:
524:
487:
274:
120:
418:
Pampatheres also had shells that were flexible due to three movable lateral bands of osteoderms. The osteoderms of pampatheres were each covered by a single scute, unlike those of armadillos, which have more than one. Glyptodonts, on the other hand, had rigid, turtle-like shells of fused osteoderms.
2793:
Pérez-Crespo, V. A.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Alva-Valdivia, L. M.; Morales-Puente, P.; Cienfuegos-Alvarado, E. (2011-10-18). "Diet and habitat definitions for
Mexican glyptodonts from Cedral (San Luis Potosí, México) based on stable isotope analysis".
2672:
Hubbe, A.; Hubbe, M.; Neves, W. A. (March 2013). "The
Brazilian megamastofauna of the Pleistocene/Holocene transition and its relationship with the early human settlement of the continent".
336:
in the order. Two groups of cingulates much larger than extant armadillos (maximum body mass of 45 kg (100 lb) in the case of the giant armadillo) existed until recently:
1379:, 2016. While glyptodonts have traditionally been considered stem-group cingulates outside the group that contains modern armadillos, this 2016 study conducted an analysis of
2840:
Delsuc, F.; Gibb, G. C.; Kuch, M.; Billet, G.; Hautier, L.; Southon, J.; Rouillard, J.-M.; Fernicola, J. C.; Vizcaíno, S. F.; MacPhee, R. D.E.; Poinar, H. N. (2016-02-22).
2086:
1819:
2942:
Gibb, Gillian C.; Condamine, Fabien L.; Kuch, Melanie; Enk, Jacob; Moraes-Barros, Nadia; Superina, Mariella; Poinar, Hendrik N.; Delsuc, Frédéric (2015).
4333:
1973:
1918:
1907:
1896:
1454:
2130:
1852:
415:". Most species have rigid shields over the shoulders and hips, with three to nine bands separated by flexible skin covering the back and flanks.
4199:
2246:
1940:
1841:
1797:
1742:
1515:
1808:
1764:
1671:
1529:
1426:
516:
4238:
2194:
2097:
1984:
1874:
1830:
1468:
2993:"A Peculiar New Pampatheriidae (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Cingulata) from the Pleistocene of Argentina and Comments on Pampatheriidae Diversity"
2108:
2056:
1951:
1929:
1753:
4338:
1885:
2589:
2039:
4173:
4212:
4230:
2777:
2736:
2715:
Fiedal, Stuart (2009). "Sudden Deaths: The
Chronology of Terminal Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinction". In Haynes, Gary (ed.).
2430:
4217:
3586:
355:
about 66 to 56 million years ago, and due to the continent's former isolation remained confined to it during most of the
3116:
2412:
4243:
4024:
2893:"Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution and conservation"
2720:
422:
Both groups have or had a cap of armor atop their heads. Glyptodonts also had heavily armored tails; some, such as
4014:
3964:
3934:
3052:"Oldest cingulate skulls provide congruence between morphological and molecular scenarios of armadillo evolution"
2990:
2525:"The sweet spot of a biological hammer: the centre of percussion of glyptodont (Mammalia: Xenarthra) tail clubs"
3954:
3944:
534:
133:
447:
and may also eat small vertebrates and vegetable matter. Pampatheres are thought to have been specialized for
3728:
3738:
4225:
4121:
3768:
380:
218:
4126:
3758:
2944:"Shotgun Mitogenomics Provides a Reference PhyloGenetic Framework and Timescale for Living Xenarthrans"
2582:"Late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) Glyptodont and Pampathere (Xenarthra, Cingulata) from Sonora, Mexico"
372:
4295:
2477:
Vizcaíno, S. F.; De Iuliis, G.; Bargo, M. S. (1998). "Skull Shape, Masticatory
Apparatus, and Diet of
151:
3836:
3564:
958:
17:
2617:"The Great American Biotic Interchange: Dispersals, Tectonics, Climate, Sea Level and Holding Pens"
3665:
3656:
3579:
2332:
1077:
917:
4282:
4269:
3049:
2991:
Flávio Góis; Laureano Raúl González Ruiz; Gustavo Juan
Scillato-Yané; Esteban Soibelzon (2015).
2769:
2762:
4328:
4061:
3826:
3778:
1060:
941:
4277:
4264:
3748:
3109:
1372:
1149:
869:
659:
508:
4256:
4204:
4323:
4147:
4108:
3871:
3862:
3690:
3681:
3004:
2681:
1271:
1230:
766:
497:
138:
2453:
2420:
8:
4318:
4099:
4045:
3846:
3509:(Rats, guinea pigs, squirrels, beavers, chinchillas, porcupines, capybaras and relatives)
3488:(Pigs, camels, hippos, deer, buffalo, gazelles, giraffes, whales, dolphins and relatives)
1254:
433:
3008:
2685:
3572:
3076:
3051:
3027:
2992:
2968:
2943:
2919:
2892:
2819:
2649:
2616:
2581:
2557:
2524:
2502:
1689:
1166:
1113:
733:
481:
452:
247:
146:
2792:
363:
allowed members of all three families to migrate to southern North
America during the
4251:
4134:
3788:
3477:
3081:
3032:
2973:
2924:
2873:
2823:
2811:
2773:
2742:
2732:
2697:
2654:
2636:
2562:
2544:
2436:
2426:
2075:
1206:
360:
2693:
2506:
375:. After surviving for tens of millions of years, all of the pampatheriids and giant
3498:
3239:
3176:
3102:
3071:
3063:
3022:
3012:
2963:
2955:
2914:
2904:
2863:
2853:
2803:
2724:
2689:
2644:
2628:
2552:
2536:
2494:
1717:
676:
609:
333:
308:
4113:
3989:
3980:
3391:
3292:
3260:
3017:
2909:
2213:
2158:
2119:
1602:
1560:
783:
504:
468:
352:
304:
4139:
2841:
2728:
4084:
3817:
3646:
3437:
3383:
3284:
3268:
3050:
Guillaume Billet; Lionel
Hautier; Christian de Muizon; Xavier Valentin (2011).
2266:
2183:
2150:
2142:
1703:
1547:
1440:
1045:
1018:
893:
842:
716:
337:
325:
255:
234:
39:
2858:
2807:
2632:
2498:
4312:
3428:
3300:
2815:
2746:
2701:
2640:
2548:
2416:
2299:
2235:
1786:
1775:
1629:
1588:
1412:
392:
348:
263:
77:
2959:
2440:
340:, which reached weights of up to 200 kg (440 lb) and chlamyphorid
282:
3915:
3807:
3541:(Lorises, lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes (including humans) and relatives)
3445:
3375:
3276:
3231:
3085:
3067:
3036:
2977:
2928:
2877:
2658:
2580:
Mead, J. I.; Swift, S. L.; White, R. S.; McDonald, H. G.; Baez, A. (2007).
2579:
2566:
2540:
2352:
2175:
2166:
2006:
1643:
1615:
1389:
1388:
and found that it was, in fact, nested within the modern armadillos as the
1099:
854:
459:
451:, and isotopic analysis indicates the diet of glyptodonts was dominated by
4186:
4093:
3485:
3407:
3325:
2485:(Mammalia: Xenarthra: Pampatheriidae): When Anatomy Constrains Destiny".
2343:
2310:
2224:
2046:
1995:
1730:
1482:
593:
566:
440:
368:
321:
239:
52:
523:
4005:
3514:
3367:
3210:
3167:
3151:
3094:
2868:
2387:
2379:
2321:
2277:
2202:
2017:
1962:
1497:
1381:
1134:
1023:
486:
444:
429:
424:
376:
341:
97:
62:
3594:
428:, had mace-like clubs at the ends of their tails, similar to those of
4191:
4160:
3925:
3636:
3596:
3522:
3469:
3338:
3218:
3184:
2371:
2360:
2288:
1657:
1574:
1190:
528:
491:
463:
404:
388:
329:
314:
300:
203:
163:
128:
102:
46:
4055:
4178:
4165:
4078:
3630:
3624:
3618:
3461:
3317:
3145:
384:
364:
356:
311:
183:
92:
87:
72:
67:
57:
344:, which attained masses of 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) or more.
273:
3719:
3709:
3538:
3415:
3247:
3157:
2476:
2422:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
2367:
2339:
2328:
2317:
2306:
2295:
2284:
2273:
2263:
2254:
2242:
2231:
2220:
2209:
2190:
2126:
2115:
2104:
2093:
2082:
2071:
2064:
2052:
2035:
2028:
2024:
2013:
2002:
1991:
1980:
1969:
1958:
1947:
1936:
1925:
1914:
1903:
1892:
1881:
1870:
1863:
1859:
1848:
1837:
1826:
1815:
1804:
1793:
1782:
1771:
1760:
1749:
1738:
1713:
1699:
1685:
1667:
1653:
1639:
1625:
1611:
1598:
1584:
1570:
1556:
1543:
1525:
1511:
1493:
1478:
1464:
1450:
1436:
1422:
1408:
636:
577:
448:
408:
407:, plates of dermal bone covered in relatively small, overlapping
260:
252:
244:
107:
82:
2425:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 94–99.
3612:
3530:
3506:
3354:
3201:
3139:
3126:
2786:
317:
193:
173:
4290:
4152:
3896:
3887:
3399:
2717:
American
Megafaunal Extinctions at the End of the Pleistocene
1393:
1385:
455:
412:
119:
2891:
Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2019).
2523:
Blanco, R. E.; Jones, W. W.; Rinderknecht, A. (2009-08-26).
3453:
2842:"The phylogenetic affinities of the extinct glyptodonts"
2759:
2529:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
2522:
2760:
Dickman, Christopher R. (1984). Macdonald, D. (ed.).
2941:
2839:
391:, shortly after the colonization of the Americas by
1371:The taxonomic table below follows the results of a
290:The distribution and density of Cingulata species.
3480:(Horses, zebras, donkeys, rhinoceroses and tapirs)
2890:
2761:
2355:: giant, three-banded and naked-tailed armadillos
2719:. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology.
4310:
3175:
2671:
1396:consisting of Chlamyphorinae and Tolypeutinae.
403:Armadillos have dorsal armor that is formed by
387:, along with much of the rest of the regional
3580:
3110:
2835:
2833:
2665:
2608:
2518:
2516:
1620:Ameghino 1875 ex Gervais & Ameghino 1880
3587:
3573:
3117:
3103:
3043:
2830:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2466:
1708:Carlini, Vizcaíno & Scillato-Yané 1997
466:, culminating in the macropredatory genus
281:
272:
118:
27:Order of armored mammals from the Americas
4334:Taxa named by Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger
3075:
3026:
3016:
2967:
2918:
2908:
2884:
2867:
2857:
2648:
2614:
2556:
2513:
2178:: hairy, six-banded and pichi armadillos
3448:(Hedgehogs, shrews, moles and relatives)
3124:
2573:
522:
503:
485:
2590:Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas
2463:
2410:
443:and other invertebrates; some are more
14:
4311:
3717:
2714:
4060:
4059:
3568:
3098:
2708:
4296:E13A8220-653E-FF9E-7281-9B5F0E0D8F24
2768:. New York: Facts on File. pp.
2404:
2146:: glyptodonts and other armadillos
24:
4339:Extant Thanetian first appearances
2753:
462:is unique for speciations towards
432:, evidently used for defensive or
347:The cingulate order originated in
25:
4350:
475:
4025:Brazilian three-banded armadillo
3056:Proceedings of the Royal Society
150:
50:
4015:Southern three-banded armadillo
3965:Southern naked-tailed armadillo
3935:Northern naked-tailed armadillo
2984:
2948:Molecular Biology and Evolution
2935:
2694:10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.01.003
2615:Woodburne, M. O. (2010-07-14).
379:apparently died out during the
3955:Greater naked-tailed armadillo
3945:Chacoan naked-tailed armadillo
2723:. pp. 21–37 (see p. 31).
2621:Journal of Mammalian Evolution
2487:Journal of Mammalian Evolution
2447:
398:
359:. However, the formation of a
13:
1:
3729:Southern long-nosed armadillo
2398:
3739:Greater long-nosed armadillo
3018:10.1371/journal.pone.0128296
2910:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494
7:
3769:Llanos long-nosed armadillo
2764:The Encyclopedia of Mammals
2729:10.1007/978-1-4020-8793-6_2
2627:(4): 245–264 (see p. 249).
381:Quaternary extinction event
10:
4355:
3759:Hairy long-nosed armadillo
3517:(Rabbits, hares and pikas)
3472:(Dogs, cats and relatives)
3378:(Tenrecs and golden moles)
479:
373:Great American Interchange
4068:
4042:
4003:
3978:
3923:
3914:
3885:
3860:
3837:Screaming hairy armadillo
3815:
3806:
3708:
3679:
3654:
3645:
3607:
3497:
3436:
3427:
3366:
3337:
3316:
3303:(Kangaroos and relatives)
3259:
3230:
3209:
3200:
3166:
3134:
2859:10.1016/j.cub.2016.01.039
2808:10.1017/S0016756811000951
2680:: 1–10 (see pages 3, 6).
2633:10.1007/s10914-010-9144-8
2597:(3): 439–449 (see p. 440)
1634:Edmund & Theodor 1997
1268:
1251:
1244:
1227:
1220:
1203:
1196:
1163:
1146:
1139:
1127:
1110:
1103:
1074:
1057:
1050:
1038:
1015:
1008:
955:
938:
931:
914:
907:
890:
883:
866:
859:
847:
780:
763:
756:
730:
713:
706:
699:
673:
656:
649:
642:
606:
599:
582:
570:
560:
411:epidermal scales called "
332:, are the only surviving
299:, part of the superorder
289:
280:
271:
231:
226:
147:Scientific classification
145:
126:
117:
34:
3295:(Bilbies and bandicoots)
1734:(long-nosed armadillos)
1722:Downing & White 1995
383:at the beginning of the
3666:Greater fairy armadillo
3187:(Platypus and echidnas)
2499:10.1023/A:1020500127041
2333:Parapropalaehoplophorus
1078:Calyptophractus retusus
918:Chaetophractus villosus
544:Cladogram of Cingulata
3827:Andean hairy armadillo
3779:Seven-banded armadillo
3418:(Dugongs and manatees)
3357:(Anteaters and sloths)
3068:10.1098/rspb.2010.2443
2541:10.1098/rspb.2009.1144
2419:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
2411:Gardner, A.L. (2005).
1061:Chlamyphorus truncatus
942:Chaetophractus nationi
538:
520:
501:
4278:Paleobiology Database
4265:Paleobiology Database
3749:Nine-banded armadillo
3287:(Quolls and dunnarts)
2960:10.1093/molbev/msv250
2674:Earth-Science Reviews
1694:Fernicola et al. 2018
1373:phylogenetic analysis
870:Euphractus sexcinctus
526:
509:Nine-banded armadillo
507:
489:
3872:Six-banded armadillo
3691:Pink fairy armadillo
3602:species by subfamily
1375:published by Delsuc
139:Dasypus novemcinctus
3847:Big hairy armadillo
3062:(1719): 2791–2797.
3009:2015PLoSO..1028296G
2796:Geological Magazine
2686:2013ESRv..118....1H
2535:(1675): 3971–3978.
2460:. FaunaParaguay.com
2153:: fairy armadillos
1676:Ciancio et al. 2012
3271:(Monito del monte)
2456:Priodontes maximus
2087:Parastegosimpsonia
1690:Pachyarmatheriidae
1489:(Horned armadillo)
1114:Priodontes maximus
539:
521:
502:
482:List of cingulates
248:Pachyarmatheriidae
4306:
4305:
4252:Open Tree of Life
4062:Taxon identifiers
4053:
4052:
4038:
4037:
3910:
3909:
3802:
3801:
3704:
3703:
3600:
3562:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3542:
3534:
3526:
3518:
3510:
3489:
3481:
3473:
3465:
3457:
3449:
3419:
3411:
3403:
3395:
3387:
3386:(Elephant shrews)
3379:
3358:
3350:
3331:
3312:
3311:
3304:
3296:
3288:
3280:
3279:(Marsupial moles)
3277:Notoryctemorphia
3272:
3251:
3243:
3240:Paucituberculata
3224:
3196:
3195:
3188:
2779:978-0-87196-871-5
2738:978-1-4020-8792-9
2432:978-0-8018-8221-0
2413:"Order Cingulata"
2076:Nanoastegotherium
1723:
1709:
1695:
1677:
1663:
1649:
1635:
1621:
1607:
1594:
1580:
1566:
1552:
1535:
1521:
1503:
1488:
1474:
1460:
1446:
1432:
1418:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1355:
1354:
1346:
1345:
1337:
1336:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1318:
1310:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1292:
1291:
1283:
1282:
1178:
1177:
1089:
1088:
997:
996:
988:
987:
979:
978:
970:
969:
831:
830:
822:
821:
813:
812:
804:
803:
795:
794:
745:
744:
688:
687:
621:
620:
294:
293:
222:
16:(Redirected from
4346:
4299:
4298:
4286:
4285:
4273:
4272:
4260:
4259:
4247:
4246:
4234:
4233:
4221:
4220:
4208:
4207:
4195:
4194:
4182:
4181:
4169:
4168:
4156:
4155:
4143:
4142:
4130:
4129:
4117:
4116:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4057:
4056:
3921:
3920:
3813:
3812:
3783:D. septemcinctus
3715:
3714:
3652:
3651:
3598:
3589:
3582:
3575:
3566:
3565:
3540:
3532:
3524:
3516:
3508:
3499:Euarchontoglires
3487:
3479:
3471:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3434:
3433:
3417:
3409:
3401:
3393:
3385:
3377:
3356:
3348:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3321:
3302:
3294:
3293:Peramelemorphia
3286:
3278:
3270:
3249:
3248:Didelphimorphia
3242:(Shrew opossums)
3241:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3214:
3207:
3206:
3186:
3177:Australosphenida
3173:
3172:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3096:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3079:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3030:
3020:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2971:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2922:
2912:
2903:(12): e3000494.
2888:
2882:
2881:
2871:
2861:
2852:(4): R155–R156.
2837:
2828:
2827:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2767:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2652:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2586:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2560:
2520:
2511:
2510:
2474:
2461:
2454:Giant Armadillo
2451:
2445:
2444:
2408:
1721:
1718:Pachyarmatherium
1707:
1693:
1675:
1662:Castellanos 1927
1661:
1648:Góis et al. 2015
1647:
1633:
1619:
1606:
1593:Castellanos 1927
1592:
1578:
1564:
1551:
1533:
1519:
1501:
1486:
1472:
1458:
1444:
1430:
1416:
1247:
1246:
1223:
1222:
1199:
1198:
1142:
1141:
1130:
1129:
1106:
1105:
1053:
1052:
1041:
1040:
1011:
1010:
934:
933:
910:
909:
886:
885:
862:
861:
850:
849:
759:
758:
709:
708:
702:
701:
660:D. septemcinctus
652:
651:
645:
644:
602:
601:
585:
584:
573:
572:
563:
562:
551:
550:
541:
540:
439:Most armadillos
285:
276:
217:
155:
154:
122:
112:
49:
38:Temporal range:
32:
31:
21:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4294:
4289:
4281:
4276:
4268:
4263:
4255:
4250:
4242:
4237:
4229:
4224:
4216:
4211:
4203:
4198:
4190:
4185:
4177:
4172:
4164:
4159:
4151:
4146:
4138:
4133:
4125:
4120:
4112:
4107:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4064:
4054:
4049:
4034:
3999:
3990:Giant armadillo
3974:
3906:
3881:
3856:
3798:
3753:D. novemcinctus
3700:
3675:
3657:Calyptophractus
3641:
3603:
3593:
3563:
3546:
3493:
3478:Perissodactyla
3423:
3362:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3308:
3285:Dasyuromorphia
3269:Microbiotheria
3261:Australidelphia
3255:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3192:
3162:
3130:
3123:
3093:
3048:
3044:
3003:(6): e0128296.
2989:
2985:
2940:
2936:
2889:
2885:
2846:Current Biology
2838:
2831:
2791:
2787:
2780:
2758:
2754:
2739:
2713:
2709:
2670:
2666:
2613:
2609:
2600:
2598:
2584:
2578:
2574:
2521:
2514:
2475:
2464:
2452:
2448:
2433:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2214:Macroeuphractus
2159:Calyptophractus
2120:Riostegotherium
1974:Prostegotherium
1919:Mazzoniphractus
1908:Macrochorobates
1897:Lumbreratherium
1603:Machlydotherium
1561:Machlydotherium
1455:Parapeltecoelus
1400:Order Cingulata
1365:
1356:
1347:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1311:
1302:
1293:
1284:
1179:
1090:
998:
989:
980:
971:
832:
823:
814:
805:
796:
767:D. novemcinctus
746:
689:
622:
513:D. novemcinctus
494:septentrionalis
484:
478:
469:Macroeuphractus
401:
371:as part of the
353:Paleocene epoch
216:
149:
113:
111:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
44:
43:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4352:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4287:
4274:
4261:
4248:
4235:
4222:
4209:
4196:
4183:
4170:
4157:
4144:
4131:
4118:
4105:
4090:
4074:
4072:
4066:
4065:
4051:
4050:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4022:
4011:
4009:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3986:
3984:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3962:
3952:
3942:
3931:
3929:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3893:
3891:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3868:
3866:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3844:
3834:
3823:
3821:
3818:Chaetophractus
3810:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3793:Dasypus yepesi
3789:Yepes's mulita
3786:
3776:
3766:
3756:
3746:
3736:
3725:
3723:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3687:
3685:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3662:
3660:
3649:
3647:Chlamyphorinae
3643:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3621:
3615:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3592:
3591:
3584:
3577:
3569:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3536:
3528:
3520:
3512:
3503:
3501:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3483:
3475:
3467:
3459:
3451:
3442:
3440:
3438:Laurasiatheria
3431:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3392:Tubulidentata
3389:
3384:Macroscelidea
3381:
3372:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3352:
3343:
3341:
3332:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3301:Diprotodontia
3298:
3290:
3282:
3274:
3265:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3245:
3236:
3234:
3225:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3181:
3179:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3122:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3099:
3092:
3091:
3042:
2983:
2954:(3): 621–642.
2934:
2883:
2829:
2802:(1): 153–157.
2785:
2778:
2752:
2737:
2707:
2664:
2607:
2572:
2512:
2493:(4): 291–322.
2462:
2446:
2431:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2383:
2375:
2364:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2336:
2325:
2314:
2303:
2292:
2281:
2269:: glyptodonts
2267:Glyptodontinae
2260:
2259:
2258:
2250:
2239:
2228:
2217:
2206:
2198:
2187:
2184:Chaetophractus
2172:
2171:
2170:
2162:
2151:Chlamyphorinae
2143:Chlamyphoridae
2138:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2131:Stegosimpsonia
2123:
2112:
2101:
2090:
2079:
2068:
2060:
2043:
2032:
2021:
2010:
1999:
1988:
1977:
1966:
1955:
1944:
1933:
1922:
1911:
1900:
1889:
1878:
1867:
1856:
1853:Epipeltecoelus
1845:
1834:
1823:
1812:
1801:
1790:
1779:
1768:
1757:
1746:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1710:
1704:Neoglyptatelus
1680:
1679:
1678:
1664:
1650:
1636:
1622:
1608:
1595:
1581:
1567:
1548:Pampatheriidae
1538:
1537:
1536:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1490:
1475:
1461:
1447:
1441:Epipeltephilus
1433:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1046:Chlamyphorinae
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1019:Glyptodontinae
1014:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1000:
999:
995:
994:
991:
990:
986:
985:
982:
981:
977:
976:
973:
972:
968:
967:
964:
963:
954:
951:
950:
947:
946:
937:
932:
930:
927:
926:
923:
922:
913:
908:
906:
903:
902:
899:
898:
894:Zaedyus pichiy
889:
884:
882:
879:
878:
875:
874:
865:
860:
858:
848:
846:
843:Chlamyphoridae
838:
837:
834:
833:
829:
828:
825:
824:
820:
819:
816:
815:
811:
810:
807:
806:
802:
801:
798:
797:
793:
792:
789:
788:
779:
776:
775:
772:
771:
762:
757:
755:
752:
751:
748:
747:
743:
742:
739:
738:
729:
726:
725:
722:
721:
712:
707:
705:
700:
698:
695:
694:
691:
690:
686:
685:
682:
681:
672:
669:
668:
665:
664:
655:
650:
648:
643:
641:
628:
627:
624:
623:
619:
618:
615:
614:
605:
600:
598:
583:
581:
571:
569:
561:
559:
549:
546:
545:
480:Main article:
477:
476:Classification
474:
400:
397:
292:
291:
287:
286:
278:
277:
269:
268:
267:
266:
258:
256:Pampatheriidae
250:
242:
237:
235:Chlamyphoridae
229:
228:
224:
223:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
143:
142:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
40:Late Paleocene
37:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4351:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4329:Mammal orders
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4297:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4279:
4275:
4271:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4201:
4197:
4193:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4110:
4106:
4101:
4095:
4091:
4086:
4080:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4058:
4048:
4047:
4041:
4030:
4029:T. tricinctus
4026:
4023:
4020:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3995:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3970:
3969:C. unicinctus
3966:
3963:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3949:C. chacoensis
3946:
3943:
3940:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3913:
3902:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3877:
3876:E. sexcinctus
3873:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3841:C. vellerosus
3838:
3835:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3774:
3773:D. sabanicola
3770:
3767:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3638:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3601:
3590:
3585:
3583:
3578:
3576:
3571:
3570:
3567:
3543:
3537:
3535:
3529:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3513:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3490:
3486:Artiodactyla
3484:
3482:
3476:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3460:
3458:
3452:
3450:
3446:Eulipotyphla
3444:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3429:Boreoeutheria
3426:
3420:
3414:
3412:
3406:
3404:
3398:
3396:
3390:
3388:
3382:
3380:
3376:Afrosoricida
3374:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3359:
3353:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3327:
3319:
3315:
3305:
3299:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3281:
3275:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3220:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3128:
3120:
3115:
3113:
3108:
3106:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3087:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3046:
3038:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2987:
2979:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2938:
2930:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2887:
2879:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2836:
2834:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2765:
2756:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2711:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2611:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2583:
2576:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2519:
2517:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2459:
2457:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2407:
2403:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2300:Glyptotherium
2297:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2247:Paleuphractus
2244:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2236:Proeuphractus
2233:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1941:Pedrolypeutes
1938:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1842:Eocoleophorus
1839:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1798:Barrancatatus
1795:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1787:Astegotherium
1784:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1776:Astegotherium
1773:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1743:Acantharodeia
1740:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1631:
1630:Scirrotherium
1627:
1623:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1590:
1589:Kraglievichia
1586:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1565:Ameghino 1902
1563:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1534:Ameghino 1895
1532:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1520:Ameghino 1895
1518:
1517:
1516:Paleopeltidae
1513:
1510:
1507:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:Ameghino 1887
1485:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1473:Ameghino 1902
1471:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1445:Ameghino 1904
1443:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1431:Ameghino 1891
1429:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1417:Ameghino 1894
1415:
1414:
1413:Peltephilidae
1410:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1360:
1359:
1351:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1324:
1323:
1315:
1314:
1306:
1305:
1297:
1296:
1288:
1287:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1272:C. unicinctus
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1249:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1231:C. chacoensis
1225:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1150:T. tricinctus
1144:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1013:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1002:
1001:
993:
992:
984:
983:
975:
974:
966:
965:
962:
961:
960:
959:C. vellerosus
953:
952:
949:
948:
945:
944:
943:
936:
935:
929:
928:
925:
924:
921:
920:
919:
912:
911:
905:
904:
901:
900:
897:
896:
895:
888:
887:
881:
880:
877:
876:
873:
872:
871:
864:
863:
856:
852:
851:
844:
840:
839:
836:
835:
827:
826:
818:
817:
809:
808:
800:
799:
791:
790:
787:
786:
785:
778:
777:
774:
773:
770:
769:
768:
761:
760:
754:
753:
750:
749:
741:
740:
737:
736:
735:
734:D. sabanicola
728:
727:
724:
723:
720:
719:
718:
711:
710:
704:
703:
697:
696:
693:
692:
684:
683:
680:
679:
678:
671:
670:
667:
666:
663:
662:
661:
654:
653:
647:
646:
639:
638:
633:
630:
629:
626:
625:
617:
616:
613:
612:
611:
604:
603:
596:
595:
590:
587:
586:
580:
579:
575:
574:
568:
565:
564:
557:
553:
552:
548:
547:
543:
542:
536:
532:
530:
525:
518:
514:
510:
506:
499:
495:
493:
488:
483:
473:
471:
470:
465:
461:
457:
454:
450:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
426:
420:
416:
414:
410:
406:
396:
394:
393:Paleo-Indians
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
349:South America
345:
343:
339:
338:pampatheriids
335:
331:
327:
326:chlamyphorids
323:
319:
316:
313:
310:
306:
302:
298:
288:
284:
279:
275:
270:
265:
264:Peltephilidae
262:
259:
257:
254:
251:
249:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
232:
230:
225:
220:
215:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
153:
148:
144:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
116:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
48:
41:
33:
30:
19:
4069:
4044:
4028:
4018:
4004:
3993:
3979:
3968:
3958:
3948:
3939:C. centralis
3938:
3924:
3916:Tolypeutinae
3900:
3886:
3875:
3861:
3850:
3840:
3830:
3816:
3808:Euphractinae
3792:
3782:
3772:
3762:
3752:
3742:
3732:
3718:
3695:C. truncatus
3694:
3682:Chlamyphorus
3680:
3669:
3655:
3599:(Armadillos)
3525:(Treeshrews)
3408:Proboscidea
3349:(Armadillos)
3346:
3232:Ameridelphia
3185:Monotremata
3059:
3055:
3045:
3000:
2996:
2986:
2951:
2947:
2937:
2900:
2896:
2886:
2849:
2845:
2799:
2795:
2788:
2763:
2755:
2716:
2710:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2624:
2620:
2610:
2599:. Retrieved
2594:
2588:
2575:
2532:
2528:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2458:(Kerr, 1792)
2455:
2449:
2421:
2417:Wilson, D.E.
2406:
2386:
2378:
2370:
2359:
2353:Tolypeutinae
2342:
2331:
2320:
2309:
2298:
2287:
2276:
2253:
2245:
2234:
2223:
2212:
2201:
2193:
2182:
2176:Euphractinae
2167:Chlamyphorus
2165:
2157:
2140:
2129:
2118:
2107:
2096:
2085:
2074:
2063:
2055:
2038:
2027:
2016:
2007:Stegotherium
2005:
1994:
1983:
1972:
1961:
1950:
1939:
1928:
1917:
1906:
1895:
1884:
1873:
1862:
1851:
1840:
1829:
1818:
1809:Chasicotatus
1807:
1796:
1785:
1774:
1765:Archaeutatus
1763:
1752:
1741:
1728:
1716:
1702:
1688:
1682:
1672:Yuruatherium
1670:
1656:
1644:Tonnicinctus
1642:
1628:
1616:Pampatherium
1614:
1601:
1587:
1579:Simpson 1930
1573:
1559:
1555:Genus ?
1546:
1540:
1530:Palaeopeltis
1528:
1514:
1508:
1502:Shockey 2017
1496:
1481:
1467:
1453:
1439:
1427:Anantiosodon
1425:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1390:sister group
1380:
1376:
1370:
1270:
1269:
1255:C. centralis
1253:
1252:
1229:
1228:
1205:
1204:
1189:
1165:
1164:
1148:
1147:
1133:
1112:
1111:
1100:Tolypeutinae
1076:
1075:
1059:
1058:
1022:
1016:
957:
956:
940:
939:
916:
915:
892:
891:
868:
867:
855:Euphractinae
782:
781:
765:
764:
732:
731:
715:
714:
675:
674:
658:
657:
635:
631:
608:
607:
592:
588:
576:
555:
527:
512:
490:
467:
460:Euphractinae
438:
423:
421:
417:
402:
346:
296:
295:
213:
200:Superorder:
137:
127:
45:58.7–0
29:
4324:Xenarthrans
4187:iNaturalist
4094:Wikispecies
3851:C. villosus
3743:D. kappleri
3733:D. hybridus
3710:Dasypodinae
3635:Superorder
3629:Infraclass
3531:Dermoptera
3523:Scandentia
3515:Lagomorpha
3464:(Pangolins)
3454:Chiroptera
3410:(Elephants)
3400:Hyracoidea
3394:(Aardvarks)
3156:(unranked)
2869:11336/49579
2344:Plaxhaplous
2311:Hoplophorus
2262:Subfamily
2225:Peltephilus
2195:Doellotatus
2098:Pliodasypus
2047:Dasypodinae
1996:Punatherium
1985:Pucatherium
1875:Hemiutaetus
1831:Coelutaetus
1731:Dasypodidae
1483:Peltephilus
1469:Peltecoelus
1459:Bordas 1938
677:D. hybridus
610:D. kappleri
594:Hyperoambon
567:Dasypodidae
517:Smithsonian
441:eat insects
430:ankylosaurs
409:keratinized
399:Description
377:glyptodonts
369:Pleistocene
361:land bridge
351:during the
342:glyptodonts
240:Dasypodidae
4319:Cingulates
4313:Categories
4019:T. matacus
4006:Tolypeutes
3994:P. maximus
3981:Priodontes
3959:C. tatouay
3863:Euphractus
3831:C. nationi
3763:D. pilosus
3670:C. retusus
3597:Cingulata
3470:Carnivora
3462:Pholidota
3368:Afrotheria
3347:Cingulata
3328:inclusive)
3250:(Opossums)
3221:inclusive)
3211:Metatheria
3168:Yinotheria
3152:Vertebrata
3150:Subphylum
2601:2013-06-15
2399:References
2388:Tolypeutes
2380:Priodontes
2351:Subfamily
2322:Panochthus
2278:Doedicurus
2203:Euphractus
2174:Subfamily
2149:Subfamily
2109:Propraopus
2057:Anadasypus
2045:Subfamily
2018:Stenotatus
1963:Proeutatus
1952:Prodasypus
1930:Meteutatus
1820:Chorobates
1754:Amblytatus
1498:Ronwolffia
1382:Doedicurus
1207:C. tatouay
1167:T. matacus
1135:Tolypeutes
1024:Doedicurus
784:D. pilosus
445:omnivorous
436:purposes.
425:Doedicurus
405:osteoderms
330:armadillos
322:Dasypodids
4114:Cingulata
4100:Cingulata
4070:Cingulata
3926:Cabassous
3901:Z. pichiy
3637:Xenarthra
3539:Primates
3533:(Colugos)
3507:Rodentia
3402:(Hyraxes)
3339:Xenarthra
3326:Placental
3219:Marsupial
2897:PLOS Biol
2824:129862616
2816:0016-7568
2747:313368423
2702:0012-8252
2641:1064-7554
2549:0962-8452
2483:Holmesina
2479:Vassallia
2372:Kuntinaru
2361:Cabassous
2289:Glyptodon
1886:Isutaetus
1658:Vassallia
1575:Holmesina
1191:Cabassous
717:D. yepesi
556:Cingulata
529:Glyptodon
498:Barcelona
492:Holmesina
464:carnivory
434:agonistic
389:megafauna
367:or early
315:placental
312:New World
301:Xenarthra
297:Cingulata
227:Families
214:Cingulata
204:Xenarthra
170:Kingdom:
164:Eukaryota
129:Glyptodon
42:-Recent,
35:Cingulata
18:Cingulate
4231:11700001
4085:Q1242326
4079:Wikidata
4046:Category
3631:Eutheria
3625:Mammalia
3619:Chordata
3613:Animalia
3611:Kingdom
3416:Sirenia
3318:Eutheria
3146:Chordata
3140:Animalia
3138:Kingdom
3086:21288952
3037:26083486
2997:PLOS ONE
2978:26556496
2929:31800571
2878:26906483
2721:Springer
2659:21125025
2567:19710060
2507:20186439
2441:62265494
531:clavipes
385:Holocene
365:Pliocene
357:Cenozoic
334:families
303:, is an
194:Mammalia
184:Chordata
180:Phylum:
174:Animalia
160:Domain:
3888:Zaedyus
3720:Dasypus
3617:Phylum
3595:Extant
3355:Pilosa
3158:Amniota
3144:Phylum
3125:Extant
3077:3145180
3028:4470999
3005:Bibcode
2969:4760074
2920:6892540
2770:781–783
2682:Bibcode
2650:2987556
2558:2825778
2255:Zaedyus
2219:Genus
2141:Family
2065:Dasypus
2040:Vetelia
2029:Utaetus
1864:Eutatus
1729:Family
1194:
1048:
857:
845:
637:Dasypus
634: (
591: (
578:Dasypus
558:
456:grasses
449:grazing
318:mammals
309:armored
219:Illiger
210:Order:
190:Class:
4283:105153
4270:105152
4257:495017
4244:948951
4218:727501
4166:1CINGO
3623:Class
3456:(Bats)
3202:Theria
3129:orders
3127:mammal
3084:
3074:
3035:
3025:
2976:
2966:
2927:
2917:
2876:
2822:
2814:
2776:
2745:
2735:
2700:
2657:
2647:
2639:
2565:
2555:
2547:
2505:
2439:
2429:
2385:Genus
2377:Genus
2366:Genus
2358:Genus
2338:Genus
2327:Genus
2316:Genus
2305:Genus
2294:Genus
2283:Genus
2272:Genus
2252:Genus
2241:Genus
2230:Genus
2208:Genus
2200:Genus
2189:Genus
2181:Genus
2164:Genus
2156:Genus
2125:Genus
2114:Genus
2103:Genus
2092:Genus
2081:Genus
2070:Genus
2062:Genus
2051:Genus
2034:Genus
2023:Genus
2012:Genus
2001:Genus
1990:Genus
1979:Genus
1968:Genus
1957:Genus
1946:Genus
1935:Genus
1924:Genus
1913:Genus
1902:Genus
1891:Genus
1880:Genus
1869:Genus
1858:Genus
1847:Genus
1836:Genus
1825:Genus
1814:Genus
1803:Genus
1792:Genus
1781:Genus
1770:Genus
1759:Genus
1748:Genus
1737:Genus
1712:Genus
1698:Genus
1683:Family
1666:Genus
1652:Genus
1638:Genus
1624:Genus
1610:Genus
1597:Genus
1583:Genus
1569:Genus
1541:Family
1524:Genus
1509:Family
1492:Genus
1477:Genus
1463:Genus
1449:Genus
1435:Genus
1421:Genus
1406:Family
1377:et al.
1188:
1044:
853:
841:
554:
535:Berlin
413:scutes
328:, the
221:, 1811
136:) and
134:Vienna
4291:Plazi
4205:11227
4200:IRMNG
4192:67639
4127:70985
3897:Pichi
2820:S2CID
2585:(PDF)
2503:S2CID
2415:. In
1394:clade
1392:of a
1386:mtDNA
305:order
4239:NCBI
4213:ITIS
4174:GBIF
4161:EPPO
4153:7629
4122:BOLD
3082:PMID
3033:PMID
2974:PMID
2925:PMID
2874:PMID
2812:ISSN
2774:ISBN
2743:OCLC
2733:ISBN
2698:ISSN
2655:PMID
2637:ISSN
2563:PMID
2545:ISSN
2481:and
2437:OCLC
2427:ISBN
324:and
53:PreꞒ
4226:MSW
4179:735
4148:EoL
4135:CoL
4109:ADW
3072:PMC
3064:doi
3060:278
3023:PMC
3013:doi
2964:PMC
2956:doi
2915:PMC
2905:doi
2864:hdl
2854:doi
2804:doi
2800:149
2725:doi
2690:doi
2678:118
2645:PMC
2629:doi
2553:PMC
2537:doi
2533:276
2495:doi
307:of
4315::
4293::
4280::
4267::
4254::
4241::
4228::
4215::
4202::
4189::
4176::
4163::
4150::
4140:YC
4137::
4124::
4111::
4096::
4081::
3080:.
3070:.
3058:.
3054:.
3031:.
3021:.
3011:.
3001:10
2999:.
2995:.
2972:.
2962:.
2952:33
2950:.
2946:.
2923:.
2913:.
2901:17
2899:.
2895:.
2872:.
2862:.
2850:26
2848:.
2844:.
2832:^
2818:.
2810:.
2798:.
2772:.
2741:.
2731:.
2696:.
2688:.
2676:.
2653:.
2643:.
2635:.
2625:17
2623:.
2619:.
2595:24
2593:.
2587:.
2561:.
2551:.
2543:.
2531:.
2527:.
2515:^
2501:.
2489:.
2465:^
2435:.
1027:)
640:)
632:D.
597:)
589:D.
511:,
472:.
458:.
453:C4
395:.
320:.
103:Pg
47:Ma
4031:)
4027:(
4021:)
4017:(
3996:)
3992:(
3971:)
3967:(
3961:)
3957:(
3951:)
3947:(
3941:)
3937:(
3903:)
3899:(
3878:)
3874:(
3853:)
3849:(
3843:)
3839:(
3833:)
3829:(
3795:)
3791:(
3785:)
3781:(
3775:)
3771:(
3765:)
3761:(
3755:)
3751:(
3745:)
3741:(
3735:)
3731:(
3697:)
3693:(
3672:)
3668:(
3588:e
3581:t
3574:v
3324:(
3217:(
3118:e
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3088:.
3066::
3039:.
3015::
3007::
2980:.
2958::
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