2167:
61:
412:
41:
173:
1528:
505:
2477:
1787:
192:
153:
2467:
2457:
68:
520:
at the time sought to demolish the Clan
Jetties and relocate its inhabitants to high-rise complexes. The proposed demolition of the Clan Jetties, along with economic development that caused a shift in the workforce away from labour-intensive jobs, caused an exodus of the younger population from the
500:
attained independence, the
British authorities had promised residents of the Clan Jetties legal recognition of their homes. Following independence however, the residents were only provided with Temporary Occupation Licenses (TOL) that needed to be renewed annually, a status quo that remains to this
746:
Also known as the 'New Jetty', the Mixed Clan Jetty was built in 1962. Unlike the other jetties that are primarily occupied by separate clans, this jetty accommodates residents of various surnames. Construction of the new jetty followed stricter post-independence planning requirements from the
800:
and distanced themselves from their original Muslim faith. The Koay Jetty once served as a hub for charcoal trade. After independence, land reclamation led to the jetty being engulfed by mangrove forest. The jetty was destroyed in 2006 to accommodate newer residential developments.
619:. It is characterised by houses with zinc roofs that are segregated into two distinct areas, with a single row of wooden huts lining the seafront walkway. The Lim Jetty is also home to a few places of worship that are dedicated to Chinese deities such as
386:
The community of Clan
Jetties came into existence gradually over a period spanning from the 1880s to the 1960s. In total, nine clan villages were built, but developments post-independence reduced their number to the current seven. After the
1119:
449:
along the reclaimed coastline, which in turn allowed for the construction of landing jetties. The jetties became the main point of arrival for new
Chinese immigrants, and were gradually taken over by members of specific
833:'peace') came into existence in the 1960s and was home to residents with different surnames. It too was demolished along with the Koay Jetty in 2006 to make way for residential developments.
1237:
Below are the major city suburbs, neighbourhoods, ethnic enclaves and islets within
Northeast Penang Island, where George Town, the capital city of the State of Penang, is located.
919:
1173:
1218:
465:
provided the immigrants, who preferred to settle in clan lines, with accommodation, employment and protection. Over time, the clans became segmented by occupation. The
60:
567:
has designated almost all buildings at the Clan
Jetties as Category II-protected structures and introduced guidelines to limit the overdependence on tourism.
702:
before moving to the present-day jetty, where they constructed sheds to serve as rain shelters. The jetty also houses shrines dedicated to
Chinese deities
587:. The jetty consisted of simple structures that served as resting sheds for the clan's boatmen. The jetty was eventually incorporated into the present-day
501:
day. This left residents vulnerable to development pressure as there were no guarantees of compensation if their houses were acquired for development.
1211:
551:
in 2008 prevented further redevelopment of the Clan
Jetties, while simultaneously transforming the area into a tourist attraction. The shift towards
1690:
1628:
115:
2508:
512:
The Clan
Jetties were once considered “slums” in the face of "neoliberal urbanisation" policies that promoted the city's vertical growth. The
1858:
348:
1204:
890:
1531:
340:
165:
767:, displacing most of its original inhabitants. Following post-independence land reclamation, much of the jetty now sits on dry land.
1063:
2487:
1741:
1712:
563:
at the jetties, exacerbated by the ageing population of the area. As part of ongoing efforts to preserve the Clan
Jetties, the
1748:
1589:
1092:
1001:
2166:
1021:
963:
1559:
232:
1623:
1611:
678:
grew at Chew Jetty, resulting in an estimated 30% of the houses being converted into commercial outlets as of 2017.
434:, in particular, had settled within the vicinity of the coastline, at areas such as at Tok Aka Lane, Acheen Street,
1841:
1517:
1227:
747:
state's Land Office. Two of the houses were demolished to make way for water-carrying submarine pipelines in 1973.
298:
920:"People's Negotiation of Space in the context of Urbanization and Historic conservation in Clan Jetties, Malaysia"
2429:
1616:
1151:
1033:
1022:"Challenges in Developing Clan Jetties as Heritage Attractions for Conservation and Tourism in Penang, Malaysia"
1647:
1601:
508:
The Koay and Peng Aun jetties were demolished in 2006 to make way for high-rise residences (in the background).
250:
2434:
2424:
2336:
526:
458:
mooring. Rudimentary accommodations were built, which eventually became communal residences for these clans.
2236:
2151:
2146:
1637:
699:
435:
208:
2226:
2185:
1853:
1606:
1250:
719:
664:
588:
544:
388:
411:
2256:
1805:
1775:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
564:
530:
213:
185:
2306:
2003:
1729:
1382:
1120:"George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site Special Area Plan Replacement Volume II: Development Control"
958:
951:"Land Reclamation and Artificial Islands: Walking the Tightrope Between Development and Conservation"
40:
2341:
1357:
259:
241:
2095:
1702:
1685:
1662:
1474:
931:
442:
352:
221:
1988:
1367:
2291:
2074:
2048:
1983:
1596:
1510:
1458:
1453:
1422:
1127:
517:
497:
461:
The Clan Jetties saw constant expansion as the immigrants from Fujian continued to arrive.
286:
2466:
8:
2351:
2013:
1790:
1736:
1724:
1564:
1545:
1443:
1392:
1097:
671:
575:
The Ong Jetty, the northernmost point of the Clan Jetties, was primarily occupied by the
548:
419:
392:
336:
195:
88:
31:
1938:
1362:
1327:
727:
723:
691:
644:
604:
580:
478:
376:
1174:"In a book and exhibition, the essence of Koay Jetty captured through a doctor's lens"
818:
2064:
2038:
1948:
1719:
1707:
1697:
1657:
1642:
1412:
1332:
1037:
997:
797:
2470:
2387:
2382:
2043:
1875:
1417:
1281:
1196:
810:
785:
764:
760:
675:
656:
612:
552:
533:
513:
400:
276:
659:. The jetty also houses places of worship dedicated to Chinese deities, including
2480:
2377:
2273:
2115:
2069:
1503:
624:
237:
950:
755:
The southernmost point of the Clan Jetties, the Yeoh Jetty was dominated by the
2460:
2372:
2331:
2326:
2316:
2231:
2206:
2170:
2105:
2079:
1993:
1978:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1870:
1831:
1667:
1479:
1448:
1372:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1271:
1064:"Heritage Tourism in George Town: A Complicated and Always Controversial Issue"
756:
640:
560:
522:
486:
474:
380:
368:
734:– to relocate to the current Lee Jetty. The jetty has one shrine dedicated to
2502:
2408:
2367:
2268:
2263:
2120:
2100:
2033:
2028:
1998:
1953:
1885:
1407:
1402:
1377:
1337:
1286:
1041:
990:
Penang: An Inside Guide to Its Historic Homes, Buildings, Monuments and Parks
735:
703:
687:
660:
600:
576:
482:
470:
466:
441:
In 1882, land was reclaimed along the former shoreline, creating what is now
372:
364:
360:
332:
130:
117:
2246:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2130:
2125:
2110:
1920:
1915:
1880:
1848:
1484:
1347:
1045:
935:
652:
616:
255:
639:
The most visited of the Clan Jetties, the Chew Jetty was developed by the
2403:
2346:
2301:
2008:
1890:
1836:
1826:
1527:
1387:
1291:
504:
451:
356:
423:
2311:
2296:
2241:
2201:
2023:
2018:
1968:
1958:
1495:
1397:
1178:
789:
556:
1786:
722:. The development of the ferry terminal in the early 1960s forced the
191:
1963:
1821:
1342:
1266:
993:
539:
The Koay and Peng Aun jetties were eventually destroyed in 2006. The
267:
525:
protested the redevelopment of the area, partly due to fears of the
351:, it now comprises seven wooden villages lining the coastal road of
796:. The Koays who migrated to Penang eventually assimilated with the
793:
628:
158:
698:. The forefathers of the Tan Jetty community initially settled at
2321:
1865:
1276:
427:
1943:
1535:
1352:
1146:
731:
695:
668:
648:
608:
584:
540:
462:
455:
431:
396:
344:
272:
178:
100:
1147:"3rd PTSP: PENANG'S INVISIBLE NEW WATER SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE"
536:
and concerns about the potential loss of intangible heritage.
2251:
1895:
1296:
426:
had attracted waves of immigration from southern China. The
707:
620:
446:
493:
were involved primarily in charcoal and firewood trading.
781:
655:’s birthday celebrations falling on the ninth day of the
490:
1026:
Journal of the Environmental Management Society Malaysia
454:
for the loading and unloading of cargo, as well as for
521:
area. The remaining residents of the Clan Jetties and
314:
1226:
780:The Koay Jetty was developed in the 1950s by the
603:clan, who originally hailed from Houcunzhuang in
2500:
16:Neighbourhood of George Town in Penang, Malaysia
686:The Tan Jetty is predominantly occupied by the
663:and Xuantian. Following the inscription of the
611:. The jetty suffered severe damage during the
1511:
1212:
1093:"'Gentrification harming clan jetties site'"
1062:Lim, Sok Swan; Pan, Yi Chieh (24 Oct 2017).
718:The Lee Jetty was originally located at the
828:
555:has since led to additional concerns about
481:predominantly worked as boatmen, while the
1518:
1504:
1219:
1205:
1171:
888:
529:that favoured Malay land ownership under
1525:
503:
410:
355:, each owned by residents of a specific
987:
898:George Town World Heritage Incorporated
615:and was subsequently rebuilt after the
2501:
1061:
917:
651:. It is the focal point of the annual
2509:Neighbourhoods in George Town, Penang
1499:
1200:
969:from the original on 17 December 2023
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
770:
726:clan – who hailed from Duishancun in
2456:
1090:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1057:
1055:
1019:
1015:
1013:
948:
913:
911:
909:
907:
864:
862:
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
850:
848:
846:
643:clan originating from Xinglinshe in
67:
763:. The jetty was damaged during the
741:
399:in 2008, the Clan Jetties became a
13:
1691:Tallest skyscrapers in George Town
981:
942:
599:The Lim Jetty is dominated by the
14:
2520:
1077:
1052:
1010:
904:
891:"The Clan Jetties of George Town"
843:
804:
445:. This made it possible to build
2476:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2165:
1785:
1526:
1228:Northeast Penang Island District
349:city's central business district
233:Pengkalan Kota State Assemblyman
190:
171:
151:
66:
59:
39:
1165:
1152:Penang Water Supply Corporation
1034:National University of Malaysia
949:Chee, Su Yin (13 August 2017).
823:
1139:
1112:
1091:Liew, Jia Xian (24 Nov 2022).
918:Herath, Kaushalya (Feb 2018).
1:
836:
775:
750:
634:
713:
681:
594:
570:
251:Tanjong Member of Parliament
131:5.41314000°N 100.341279833°E
7:
2186:Seberang Perai City Council
720:Raja Tun Uda Ferry Terminal
589:Raja Tun Uda Ferry Terminal
10:
2525:
1806:Penang Island City Council
1172:Opalyn Mok (15 Aug 2022).
565:Penang Island City Council
430:-speaking immigrants from
406:
214:Penang Island City Council
2451:
2417:
2396:
2368:Machang Bubok New Village
2360:
2282:
2192:
2178:
2164:
2139:
2088:
2057:
1929:
1812:
1798:
1784:
1766:
1757:
1678:
1552:
1542:
1467:
1431:
1320:
1259:
1243:
1234:
959:Universiti Sains Malaysia
814:
690:clan from Bingzhoushe in
613:Japanese invasion in 1941
309:
297:
283:
266:
248:
230:
219:
206:
201:
184:
164:
146:
136:5.41314000; 100.341279833
111:
54:
50:
38:
28:
21:
1020:Chan, Ngai Weng (2011).
579:clan from Luanmeishe in
527:underlying racial agenda
415:Locations of the jetties
1776:George Town Conurbation
1128:Penang state government
988:Hockton, Keith (2012).
798:wider Chinese community
788:, whose ancestors were
2430:Central Seberang Perai
1742:Streets in George Town
932:University of Moratuwa
759:clan of Xiayangcun in
509:
416:
347:. Situated within the
222:Mayor of Penang Island
1989:Macallum Street Ghaut
1617:Deputy Chief Minister
1368:Macallum Street Ghaut
784:clan from Baiqipu in
523:local interest groups
507:
414:
285: • Summer (
2435:South Seberang Perai
2425:North Seberang Perai
2075:Permatang Damar Laut
1944:Bandar Baru Air Itam
1854:Downtown George Town
924:Cities People Places
226:Rajendran P. Anthony
2488:Tourist attractions
1749:Tourist attractions
1251:Central George Town
672:World Heritage Site
549:World Heritage Site
393:World Heritage Site
335:within the city of
331:form a residential
127: /
1363:Karpal Singh Drive
771:Demolished jetties
510:
438:and Stewart Lane.
417:
2496:
2495:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2160:
2159:
2065:Kampung Buah Pala
2039:Taman Free School
1949:Bandar Sri Pinang
1493:
1492:
1413:Taman Free School
1333:Bandar Sri Pinang
1003:978-967-415-303-8
831:
765:Japanese invasion
463:Clan associations
391:was designated a
379:, Mixed Clan and
325:
324:
30:Neighbourhood of
2516:
2479:
2478:
2469:
2459:
2458:
2388:Permatang Tinggi
2383:Permatang Rambai
2176:
2175:
2169:
2044:Taman Tun Sardon
1796:
1795:
1789:
1764:
1763:
1530:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1497:
1496:
1418:Taman Tun Sardon
1221:
1214:
1207:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1124:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1088:
1075:
1074:
1071:Penang Institute
1068:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1017:
1008:
1007:
985:
979:
978:
976:
974:
968:
955:
946:
940:
939:
915:
902:
901:
895:
886:
832:
829:
825:
816:
809:Peng Aun Jetty (
742:Mixed Clan Jetty
676:heritage tourism
657:Chinese New Year
631:, among others.
553:heritage tourism
534:Mahathir Mohamad
518:state government
514:Barisan Nasional
401:heritage tourism
321:
318:
316:
290:
209:Local government
194:
177:
175:
174:
157:
155:
154:
142:
141:
139:
138:
137:
132:
128:
125:
124:
123:
122:100°20′28.6074″E
120:
98:
96:
86:
84:
80:Location within
70:
69:
63:
43:
19:
18:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2439:
2413:
2392:
2378:Permatang Pasir
2356:
2284:
2278:
2274:Teluk Air Tawar
2194:
2188:
2180:
2156:
2135:
2084:
2070:Kampung Seronok
2053:
1931:
1925:
1814:
1808:
1800:
1780:
1768:
1759:
1753:
1730:List of schools
1674:
1548:
1538:
1524:
1494:
1489:
1463:
1432:Ethnic quarters
1427:
1316:
1255:
1239:
1230:
1225:
1195:
1194:
1184:
1182:
1170:
1166:
1157:
1155:
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1122:
1118:
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1113:
1103:
1101:
1089:
1078:
1066:
1060:
1053:
1018:
1011:
1004:
986:
982:
972:
970:
966:
953:
947:
943:
916:
905:
893:
889:Clement Liang.
887:
844:
839:
807:
778:
773:
753:
744:
716:
700:Armenian Street
684:
637:
597:
573:
543:listing of the
436:Armenian Street
409:
341:Malaysian state
313:
305:
284:
238:Wong Yuee Harng
172:
170:
152:
150:
135:
133:
129:
126:
121:
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34:
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5:
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2411:
2406:
2400:
2398:
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2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2373:Mengkuang Titi
2370:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2332:Pinang Tunggal
2329:
2327:Permatang Pauh
2324:
2319:
2317:Cherok Tok Kun
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2285:neighbourhoods
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2207:Bukit Mertajam
2204:
2198:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2182:
2173:
2171:Seberang Perai
2162:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2080:Teluk Tempoyak
2077:
2072:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2004:People's Court
2001:
1996:
1994:Minden Heights
1991:
1986:
1981:
1979:Kampong Serani
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1932:neighbourhoods
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1911:Tanjong Tokong
1908:
1906:Tanjong Pinang
1903:
1901:Tanjong Bungah
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1871:Gertak Sanggul
1868:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1834:
1832:Batu Ferringhi
1829:
1824:
1818:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1802:
1793:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1772:
1770:
1761:
1758:Administrative
1755:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1744:
1737:Transportation
1734:
1733:
1732:
1722:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1640:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1612:Chief Minister
1609:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1590:Constituencies
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1562:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1523:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1500:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1449:Kampong Serani
1446:
1441:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1383:People's Court
1380:
1375:
1373:Minden Heights
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1321:Neighbourhoods
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1312:Tanjong Tokong
1309:
1307:Tanjong Pinang
1304:
1302:Tanjong Bungah
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1272:Batu Ferringhi
1269:
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561:gentrification
531:Prime Minister
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2034:Sungai Pinang
2032:
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2027:
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2020:
2017:
2015:
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1287:Paya Terubong
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792:traders from
791:
787:
786:Hui'an County
783:
768:
766:
762:
758:
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737:
733:
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711:
709:
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704:Tan Goan-kong
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403:destination.
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342:
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333:neighbourhood
330:
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249: •
247:
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231: •
229:
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220: •
218:
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169:
167:
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160:
149:
145:
140:
119:5°24′47.304″N
112:Coordinates:
110:
103:
102:
91:
90:
62:
53:
49:
42:
37:
33:
27:
20:
2307:Bagan Jermal
2247:Nibong Tebal
2237:Kepala Batas
2222:Bukit Tengah
2217:Bukit Tambun
2212:Bukit Minyak
1984:Kampung Siam
1974:Clan Jetties
1973:
1921:Teluk Kumbar
1916:Teluk Bahang
1881:Pantai Acheh
1849:Bukit Jambul
1767:Metropolitan
1703:Demographics
1686:Architecture
1560:Constitution
1459:Little India
1454:Kampung Siam
1439:Clan Jetties
1438:
1348:Bukit Jambul
1236:
1183:. Retrieved
1177:
1167:
1156:. Retrieved
1150:
1141:
1132:
1126:
1114:
1102:. Retrieved
1096:
1070:
1046:ResearchGate
1044:– via
1029:
1025:
989:
983:
971:. Retrieved
957:
944:
936:Academia.edu
934:– via
927:
923:
897:
822:
808:
779:
754:
745:
717:
685:
653:Jade Emperor
638:
598:
574:
538:
511:
495:
460:
440:
418:
385:
357:Chinese clan
329:Clan Jetties
328:
326:
293:Not observed
256:Lim Hui Ying
99:
87:
74:Clan Jetties
23:Clan Jetties
2347:Sungai Jawi
2302:Bagan Dalam
2283:Residential
2227:Butterworth
2195:and suburbs
2014:Rifle Range
2009:Pulau Tikus
1930:Residential
1891:Penang Hill
1837:Bayan Lepas
1827:Balik Pulau
1815:and suburbs
1791:George Town
1648:George Town
1624:Legislature
1546:George Town
1444:Dhoby Ghaut
1393:Rifle Range
1388:Pulau Tikus
1292:Penang Hill
1244:City centre
1135:. Sep 2022.
973:20 December
665:city centre
557:liveability
545:city centre
420:George Town
389:city centre
337:George Town
299:Postal code
196:George Town
134: /
89:George Town
32:George Town
2471:Wikisource
2342:Sungai Dua
2312:Bagan Luar
2297:Bagan Ajam
2242:Mak Mandin
2202:Batu Kawan
2181:government
2024:Sungai Dua
2019:Sungai Ara
1969:Bayan Baru
1959:Batu Maung
1939:Ayer Rajah
1801:government
1597:Government
1398:Sungai Dua
1358:Green Lane
1328:Ayer Rajah
1179:Malay Mail
1158:2024-04-09
837:References
819:Pe̍h-ōe-jī
790:Hui Muslim
776:Koay Jetty
751:Yeoh Jetty
635:Chew Jetty
202:Government
2418:Districts
2152:Southwest
2147:Northeast
2140:Districts
2049:The Light
1964:Batu Uban
1822:Ayer Itam
1760:divisions
1725:Education
1638:Geography
1602:Executive
1565:Elections
1544:Capital:
1423:The Light
1343:Batu Uban
1267:Ayer Itam
1042:1511-7855
994:MPH Group
714:Lee Jetty
682:Tan Jetty
595:Lim Jetty
571:Ong Jetty
443:Weld Quay
383:jetties.
353:Weld Quay
268:Time zone
45:Lim Jetty
2503:Category
2481:Category
2361:Villages
2352:Val d'Or
2193:Downtown
2058:Villages
1876:Jelutong
1813:Downtown
1654:Symbols
1607:Governor
1282:Jelutong
1098:The Star
964:Archived
794:Quanzhou
761:Haicheng
736:Baosheng
661:Baosheng
629:Shennong
424:entrepôt
159:Malaysia
2461:Commons
2397:Islands
2322:Penanti
2116:Lovers'
2106:Jerejak
2096:Andaman
2089:Islands
1866:Gelugor
1720:Economy
1713:Indians
1708:Chinese
1698:Cuisine
1679:Society
1643:History
1629:Speaker
1480:Jerejak
1475:Andaman
1277:Gelugor
1260:Suburbs
824:Pêng-an
811:Chinese
728:Tong'an
692:Tong'an
645:Tong'an
605:Tong'an
581:Tong'an
496:Before
428:Hokkien
407:History
339:in the
310:Website
147:Country
2409:Gedung
2121:Penang
2101:Betong
1658:Anthem
1553:Topics
1536:Penang
1468:Islets
1353:Farlim
1040:
1000:
821::
813::
732:Xiamen
696:Xiamen
669:UNESCO
649:Xiamen
609:Xiamen
585:Xiamen
541:UNESCO
498:Malaya
456:sampan
432:Fujian
422:as an
397:UNESCO
345:Penang
179:Penang
176:
156:
101:Penang
97:
95:
85:
83:
2252:Perai
2179:Local
2131:Tikus
2126:Rimau
2111:Kendi
1896:Relau
1799:Local
1532:State
1485:Tikus
1297:Relau
1185:9 Apr
1123:(PDF)
1104:9 Apr
1067:(PDF)
1032:(1).
967:(PDF)
954:(PDF)
930:(2).
894:(PDF)
667:as a
547:as a
516:-led
491:Koays
487:Yeohs
475:Chews
452:clans
447:ghats
304:10300
273:UTC+8
166:State
2404:Aman
2292:Alma
2232:Juru
1769:area
1668:Flag
1585:2023
1580:2018
1575:2013
1570:2008
1187:2024
1106:2024
1038:ISSN
998:ISBN
975:2023
830:lit.
782:Koay
757:Yeoh
708:Mazu
706:and
641:Chew
627:and
625:Yama
621:Mazu
559:and
489:and
483:Tans
479:Lees
477:and
471:Lims
467:Ongs
381:Yeoh
369:Chew
327:The
317:.gov
315:mbpp
186:City
2257:FIZ
1859:CBD
1842:FIZ
1534:of
724:Lee
688:Tan
617:war
601:Lim
577:Ong
395:by
377:Lee
373:Tan
365:Lim
361:Ong
343:of
319:.my
287:DST
277:MST
260:DAP
242:DAP
92:in
2505::
1176:.
1149:.
1131:.
1125:.
1095:.
1079:^
1069:.
1054:^
1036:.
1030:12
1028:.
1024:.
1012:^
996:.
992:.
962:.
956:.
926:.
922:.
906:^
896:.
845:^
827:;
817:;
815:平安
738:.
730:,
710:.
694:,
674:,
647:,
623:,
607:,
591:.
583:,
485:,
473:,
469:,
375:,
371:,
367:,
363:,
359:–
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1512:t
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1189:.
1161:.
1133:2
1108:.
1073:.
1048:.
1006:.
977:.
938:.
928:2
900:.
289:)
279:)
275:(
262:)
258:(
244:)
240:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.