Classics - Knowledge

1277:, decline, especially in the United States, where the subject was often criticised for its elitism. By the 19th century, little new literature was still being written in Latin – a practice which had continued as late as the 18th century – and a command of Latin declined in importance. Correspondingly, classical education from the 19th century onwards began to increasingly de-emphasise the importance of the ability to write and speak Latin. In the United Kingdom this process took longer than elsewhere. Composition continued to be the dominant classical skill in England until the 1870s, when new areas within the discipline began to increase in popularity. In the same decade came the first challenges to the requirement of Greek at the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, though it would not be finally abolished for another 50 years. 1462: 1397: 1124: 1747: 151: 65: 944: 109: 124: 2062: 7269: 1958: 7279: 7289: 2302: 92: 1135:, classics and education were tightly intertwined; according to Jan Ziolkowski, there is no era in history in which the link was tighter. Medieval education taught students to imitate earlier classical models, and Latin continued to be the language of scholarship and culture, despite the increasing difference between literary Latin and the vernacular languages of Europe during the period. 1927:, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. They were a part of religion in ancient Greece. Modern scholars refer to the myths and study them in an attempt to throw light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece and its civilization, and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself. 1435:, and as scholars attempted to produce more accurate editions of ancient texts. Some of the principles of philology still used today were developed during this period; for instance, the observation that if a manuscript could be shown to be a copy of an earlier extant manuscript, then it provides no further evidence of the original text, was made as early as 1489 by 1197:, an intellectual movement that "advocated the study and imitation of classical antiquity", developed. Humanism saw a reform in education in Europe, introducing a wider range of Latin authors as well as bringing back the study of Greek language and literature to Western Europe. This reintroduction was initiated by 2227:; the largest army Rome had yet put into the field was wiped out, and one of the two consuls leading it was killed. However, Rome continued to fight, annexing much of Spain and eventually defeating Carthage, ending her position as a major power and securing Roman preeminence in the Western Mediterranean. 1110:" writers. By the 6th century AD, the word had acquired a second meaning, referring to pupils at a school. Thus, the two modern meanings of the word, referring both to literature considered to be of the highest quality and the standard texts used as part of a curriculum, were both derived from Roman use. 1636:, and according to Martin West "philosophy as we understand it is a Greek creation". Ancient philosophy was traditionally divided into three branches: logic, physics, and ethics. However, not all of the works of ancient philosophers fit neatly into one of these three branches. For instance, Aristotle's 1647:

From the last decade of the eighteenth century, scholars of ancient philosophy began to study the discipline historically. Previously, works on ancient philosophy had been unconcerned with chronological sequence and with reconstructing the reasoning of ancient thinkers; with what Wolfgang-Ranier Mann

1593:

With philology, archaeology, and art history, scholars seek understanding of the history and culture of a civilization, through critical study of the extant literary and physical artefacts, in order to compose and establish a continual historic narrative of the Ancient World and its peoples. The task

1446:

The modern discipline of classical philology began in Germany at the turn of the nineteenth century. It was during this period that scientific principles of philology began to be put together into a coherent whole, in order to provide a set of rules by which scholars could determine which manuscripts

1330:

in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, announced that it would be scrapping A-Level subjects in Classical Civilisation, Archaeology, and Art History. This left just one out of five exam boards in England which still offered Classical Civilisation as a subject. The decision was immediately denounced

2119:

Latin literature seems to have started in 240 BC, when a Roman audience saw a play adapted from the Greek by Livius Andronicus. Andronicus also translated Homer's Odyssey into an Saturnian verse. The poets Ennius, Accius, and Patruvius followed. Their work survives only in fragments; the earliest

2780:

One possible solution to both of these issues (already enacted on a number of campuses) involves a move to ancient Mediterranean studies, where the Greek and Latin languages and literatures are only one track into and out of graduate schools, and where Greek and Roman cultures are contextualized

2267:

Latin had an impact far beyond the classical world. It continued to be the pre-eminent language for serious writings in Europe long after the fall of the Roman empire. The modern Romance languages (French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Galician, Catalan) all derive from Latin. Latin is

1930:

Greek religion encompassed the collection of beliefs and rituals practiced in ancient Greece in the form of both popular public religion and cult practices. These different groups varied enough for it to be possible to speak of Greek religions or "cults" in the plural, though most of them shared

2194:

was settled. The city was originally ruled by kings, first Roman, and then Etruscan – according to Roman tradition, the first Etruscan king of Rome, Tarquinius Priscus, ruled from 616 BC. Over the course of the 6th century BC, the city expanded its influence over the entirety of

1789:

century BC to 6th century AD) periods of ancient Greece and the ancient world. It is predated in the 2nd millennium BC by Mycenaean Greek. Its Hellenistic phase is known as Koine ("common") or Biblical Greek, and its late period mutates imperceptibly into Medieval Greek. Koine is regarded as a

1558:

Some art historians focus their study on the development of art in the classical world. Indeed, the art and architecture of Ancient Rome and Greece is very well regarded and remains at the heart of much of our art today. For example, Ancient Greek architecture gave us the Classical Orders:

1793:

Ancient Greek was the language of Homer and of classical Athenian historians, playwrights, and philosophers. It has contributed many words to the vocabulary of English and many other European languages, and has been a standard subject of study in Western educational institutions since the

2235:

The classical languages of the Ancient Mediterranean world influenced every European language, imparting to each a learned vocabulary of international application. Thus, Latin grew from a highly developed cultural product of the Golden and Silver eras of Latin literature to become the

1241:

were rewritten along neoclassical lines, and these "improved" versions were performed throughout the 18th century. In the United States, the nation's Founders were strongly influenced by the classics, and they looked in particular to the Roman Republic for their form of government.

1349:, a collection of conference papers about the teaching of Latin in Europe, noted that though there is opposition to the teaching of Latin in Italy, it is nonetheless still compulsory in most secondary schools. The same may also be said in the case of France or Greece. Indeed, 1366:

One of the most notable characteristics of the modern study of classics is the diversity of the field. Although traditionally focused on ancient Greece and Rome, the study now encompasses the entire ancient Mediterranean world, thus expanding the studies to Northern

2210:

in Latium were made Roman citizens. This was the first time Roman citizenship was extended in this way. Rome went on to expand its area of influence, until by 269 the entirety of the Italian peninsula was under Roman rule. Soon afterwards, in 264, the

1353:

is one of the compulsory subjects in Greek secondary education, whereas in France, Latin is one of the optional subjects that can be chosen in a majority of middle schools and high schools. Ancient Greek is also still being taught, but not as much as

1544:", which emphasized the development of general laws derived from studying material culture, in the 1960s. New Archaeology is still criticized by traditional minded scholars of classical archaeology despite a wide acceptance of its basic techniques. 1447:

were most accurate. This "new philology", as it was known, centered around the construction of a genealogy of manuscripts, with which a hypothetical common ancestor, closer to the original text than any existing manuscript, could be reconstructed.

1236:

The late 17th and 18th centuries are the period in Western European literary history which is most associated with the classical tradition, as writers consciously adapted classical models. Classical models were so highly prized that the plays of

2097:. Late Latin survived long after the end of classical antiquity, and was finally replaced by written Romance languages around the 9th century AD. Along with literary forms of Latin, there existed various vernacular dialects, generally known as 1280:

Though the influence of classics as the dominant mode of education in Europe and North America was in decline in the 19th century, the discipline was rapidly evolving in the same period. Classical scholarship was becoming more systematic and

1670:. Reception studies is concerned with how students of classical texts have understood and interpreted them. As such, reception studies is interested in a two-way interaction between reader and text, taking place within a historical context. 1893:, and it comes down to us solely in the eleven surviving plays of Aristophanes, along with a few fragments. Sixty years after the end of Aristophanes' career, the next author of comedies to have any substantial body of work survive is 1828:

are the earliest to survive to us today, probably composed in the eighth century BC. These early epics were oral compositions, created without the use of writing. Around the same time that the Homeric epics were composed, the

2279:

empires. Classical art has been taken as a model in later periods – medieval Romanesque architecture and Enlightenment-era neoclassical literature were both influenced by classical models, to take but two examples, while

1477:

in the 1760s. It was not until the last decades of the 19th century, however, that classical archaeology became part of the tradition of Western classical scholarship. It was included as part of Cambridge University's

1317:

was introduced in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland in 1988, it did not mention the classics. By 2003, only about 10% of state schools in Britain offered any classical subjects to their students at all. In 2016,

1341:

stating that the loss of the A-Level would deprive state school students, 93% of all students, the opportunity to study classics while making it once again the exclusive purview of wealthy private-school students.

3807: 1790:

separate historical stage of its own, although in its earlier form it closely resembles Classical Greek. Prior to the Koine period, Greek of the classical and earlier periods included several regional dialects.

1934:

Many Greek people recognized the major gods and goddesses: Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Apollo, Artemis, Aphrodite, Ares, Dionysus, Hephaestus, Athena, Hermes, Demeter, Hestia and Hera; though philosophies such as

1681:

wrote that "the past altered by the present as much as the present is directed by the past"; Charles Martindale describes this as a "cardinal principle" for many versions of modern reception theory.

1943:

used language that seems to posit a transcendent single deity. Different cities often worshipped the same deities, sometimes with epithets that distinguished them and specified their local nature.

1719:, during the fifth and fourth centuries BC, has traditionally been considered the height of Greek civilisation. The Classical period of Greek history is generally considered to have begun with the 2616:, p. 313. Educator Benjamin Rush, for instance, deemed the classics to be "remnants of an aristocratic education unsuited to a republican nation and an industrial economy." Margaret Nash, 1439:. Other philological tools took longer to be developed: the first statement, for instance, of the principle that a more difficult reading should be preferred over a simpler one, was in 1697 by 1632:" comes from the Greek word φιλοσοφία, meaning "love of wisdom", probably coined by Pythagoras. Along with the word itself, the discipline of philosophy as we know it today has its roots in 1854:, which dates to 472 BC. Early Greek tragedy was performed by a chorus and two actors, but by the end of Aeschylus' life, a third actor had been introduced, either by him or by 1150:, whose names continued to be known by educated Europeans, along with most of Plato, were unavailable in Christian Europe. Some were rediscovered through Arabic translations; a 1265:

began to emerge in the 1830s, with a turn "from a love of Rome and a focus on classical grammar to a new focus on Greece and the totality of its society, art, and culture.".

2271:

The legacy of the classical world is not confined to the influence of classical languages. The Roman empire was taken as a model by later European empires, such as the

1423:

is thus concerned with understanding any texts from the classical period written in the classical languages of Latin and Greek. The roots of classical philology lie in

1644:

have been traditionally classified in the West as "ethics", but in the Arabic world were grouped with logic; in reality, they do not fit neatly into either category.

9783: 1314: 10974: 7438: 1161:

Along with the unavailability of Greek authors, there were other differences between the classical canon known today and the works valued in the Middle Ages.

10964: 3534: 1142:, "there are not four men in Latin Christendom who are acquainted with the Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic grammars." Greek was rarely studied in the West, and 1540:

More recently, classical archaeology has taken little part in the theoretical changes in the rest of the discipline, largely ignoring the popularity of "

10839: 1253:"returned Homer to the centre of artistic achievement". In the United Kingdom, the study of Greek in schools began in the late 18th century. The poet 2729: 1165:, for instance, was almost entirely unknown in the medieval period. The popularity of different authors also waxed and waned throughout the period: 2704: 2199:. Around the end of the 6th century – traditionally in 510 BC – the kings of Rome were driven out, and the city became a republic. 4416: 2190:

According to legend, the city of Rome was founded in 753 BC; in reality, there had been a settlement on the site since around 1000 BC, when the

10979: 1522: 11004: 9648: 7325: 1794:

Renaissance. Latinized forms of Ancient Greek roots are used in many of the scientific names of species and in other scientific terminology.

10349: 7867: 1738:

and Europe; thus Classical Greece is generally considered to be the seminal culture which provided the foundation of Western civilization.

7909: 7897: 3520:

Becker, Trudy Harrington (2001). "Broadening Access to a Classical Education: State Universities in Virginia in the Nineteenth Century".

7956: 6016: 1289:" created at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century. Its scope was also broadening: it was during the 19th century that 3903:

Trivedi, Harish (2007). "Western Classics, Indian Classics: Postcolonial Contestations". In Hardwick, Lorna; Gillespie, Carol (eds.).

2976: 10919: 10193: 7872: 2240:

in matters diplomatic, scientific, philosophic and religious, until the 17th century. Long before this, Latin had evolved into the

1274: 1245:

From the beginning of the 18th century, the study of Greek became increasingly important relative to that of Latin. In this period

9833: 9244: 7882: 1249:'s claims for the superiority of the Greek visual arts influenced a shift in aesthetic judgements, while in the literary sphere, 1313:

universities stopped requiring students to have qualifications in Greek in 1920, and in Latin at the end of the 1950s. When the

10281: 9189: 7877: 7611: 2765: 10859: 9735: 9720: 9159: 7984: 7511: 9730: 9701: 9658: 9282: 9249: 9124: 8277: 5404: 2264:, the Roman Catholic Church's official language, remains a living legacy of the classical world in the contemporary world. 972: 1465:

Schliemann and Dörpfeld's excavation at Mycenae was one of the earliest excavations in the field of classical archaeology.

7830: 4409: 2128:. Much of the best known and most highly thought of Latin literature comes from the classical period, with poets such as 1734:

Classical Greek culture had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire, which carried a version of it to many parts of the

1518: 1098:. By the 2nd century AD the word was used in literary criticism to describe writers of the highest quality. For example, 722: 1889:

added a competition for comedy to the much earlier competition for tragedy. The comedy of the fifth century is known as

1189:

led to the increasing study of both ancient literature and ancient history, as well as a revival of classical styles of

7501: 6026: 5716: 5409: 5343: 4181: 1981:. The most famous and significant figures in classical Athenian philosophy, from the 5th to the 3rd centuries BC, are 11024: 9673: 9169: 7929: 7496: 7491: 7467: 7318: 5414: 5389: 4321: 4302: 4283: 4249: 4219: 4189: 4166: 4147: 4120: 4086: 4067: 4048: 4022: 3988: 3969: 3817: 2992: 1724: 17: 1969:

The earliest surviving philosophy from ancient Greece dates back to the 6th century BC, when according to Aristotle

1090:, meaning "belonging to the highest class of citizens." The word was originally used to describe the members of the 10854: 10215: 9184: 7857: 7506: 7433: 7223: 5972: 5399: 5394: 2320: 1720: 11055: 10954: 10889: 9934: 9778: 9626: 7450: 7383: 5866: 5726: 5721: 4998: 4337: 11065: 10145: 9653: 8204: 8129: 7887: 7250: 5891: 5305: 4402: 3543: 1224:

such as England, Germany, and the Low Countries, in order to ensure that future clerics were able to study the

1127:

The Roman poet Catullus was virtually unknown during the medieval period, in contrast to his modern popularity.

623: 3925:; Easterling, P. E.; Knox, Bernard M. W. (1985). "Tragedy". In Easterling, P. E.; Knox, Bernard M. W. (eds.). 10298: 8700: 7245: 6802: 6295: 5811: 5731: 5429: 5139: 3562: 2257: 2032:, as well as disciplines which are not today thought of as part of philosophy, such as biology and rhetoric. 1973:

was considered to have been the first Greek philosopher. Other influential pre-Socratic philosophers include

1390: 2481:

Pade, M. (2007). The Reception of Plutarch's Lives in Fifteenth-Century Italy. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum

2069:

is believed to bear the oldest known Latin inscription. The inscription means "Manius made me for Numerius".

10909: 10894: 10789: 8540: 8144: 7596: 7311: 7218: 5747: 5201: 3793:

Rommel, Georg (2001). "The Cradle of Titans: Classical Philology in Greifswald and its History from 1820".

3542:. Meeting the Challenge: European Perspectives on the Teaching of Latin. Cambridge, England. Archived from 2330: 1151: 10315: 9826: 9684: 9239: 9164: 8923: 7979: 7862: 7408: 6273: 5881: 5757: 5419: 5373: 5328: 5104: 4793: 3912:

West, Martin (2001). "Early Greek Philosophy". In Boardman, John; Griffin, Jasper; Murray, Oswyn (eds.).

3809:

A History of Classical Scholarship; Volume One: From the Sixth Century B.C. to the End of the Middle Ages

1661: 6812: 3572:"From New to New Age Archaeology: Archaeological Theory and Classical Archaeology – A 1990s Perspective" 11050: 10186: 9909: 9199: 8863: 8755: 8525: 8297: 8119: 8027: 7892: 7835: 6934: 6807: 5940: 5935: 5911: 5821: 5338: 4436: 3644: 2253: 2013:, continued to be influential after the Roman annexation of Greece, and into the post-Classical world. 1914: 1712: 1698: 1470: 863: 848: 762: 1610:

destroyed most evidence (cultural artefacts) of earlier, conquered civilizations, such as that of the

10834: 10794: 10235: 9788: 9740: 9219: 8312: 8267: 8194: 8114: 8062: 8052: 8004: 7351: 7292: 7235: 6191: 5994: 5979: 5901: 5836: 5156: 5051: 4525: 4459: 2335: 1768:

Ancient Greek is the historical stage in the development of the Greek language spanning the Archaic (

1694: 1440: 31: 5803: 5783: 4981: 4639: 4361: 10934: 10662: 10424: 10384: 10374: 10322: 9773: 9422: 9275: 8820: 8730: 8239: 8219: 8214: 8199: 8152: 8092: 8047: 7849: 5989: 5952: 5886: 5552: 5439: 4139: 3756:

Renfrew, Colin (1980). "The Great Tradition versus the Great Divide: Archaeology as Anthropology".

2185: 1952: 1803: 1759: 1708: 1666:

Another discipline within the classics is "reception studies", which developed in the 1960s at the

1633: 1530: 1526: 1461: 1350: 1091: 1005: 965: 430: 1919:

Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their

1844:, around the middle of the sixth century BC, though the earliest surviving work of Greek drama is 1345:

However, the study of classics has not declined as fast elsewhere in Europe. In 2009, a review of

10712: 10620: 9919: 9914: 9229: 9209: 9149: 9139: 9129: 8535: 8224: 8124: 8104: 8019: 8009: 7714: 7654: 7634: 7346: 7272: 6396: 6196: 6181: 5984: 5967: 5947: 5916: 5816: 5752: 5368: 5353: 5323: 5284: 5161: 5013: 4515: 3922: 2984: 2340: 2045: 1961:

So influential was Socrates to classical philosophy that earlier philosophers are today known as

1578: 1310: 1170: 902: 873: 868: 333: 4351: 3849:

Stray, Christopher (1996). "Culture and Discipline: Classics and Society in Victorian England".

1396: 10884: 10874: 10463: 10394: 10379: 9860: 9819: 9561: 9234: 9224: 9174: 9154: 8968: 8943: 8908: 8790: 8515: 8162: 7924: 7455: 7230: 6233: 6004: 5962: 5896: 5861: 5313: 5297: 4993: 4934: 4783: 4778: 1931:

similarities. Also, the Greek religion extended out of Greece and out to neighbouring islands.

1667: 1534: 912: 354: 9799: 2101:, in use throughout antiquity. These are mainly preserved in sources such as graffiti and the 1703:

Ancient Greece was the civilization belonging to the period of Greek history lasting from the

1677:

in 1967, the principles of reception theory go back much earlier than this. As early as 1920,

1257:

claimed to have been one of the first English schoolboys to write in Greek during his time at

10994: 10969: 10899: 10582: 10310: 10083: 10041: 10011: 9637: 9204: 9134: 8958: 8710: 8510: 8505: 8302: 8209: 8134: 8097: 8082: 8057: 8037: 7939: 7282: 6511: 6501: 6491: 6476: 6166: 5906: 5876: 5831: 5826: 5457: 5424: 5226: 5131: 5117: 4773: 4644: 4608: 2249: 2002: 1482:

for the first time after the reforms of the 1880s, though it did not become part of Oxford's

1456: 1401: 1305:

During the 20th century, the study of classics became less common. In England, for instance,

1294: 878: 843: 827: 798: 303: 37:"Classical literature" redirects here. For literature from the ancient world in general, see 1146:

was known almost solely in Latin translation. The works of even major Greek authors such as

10989: 10744: 10657: 10635: 10558: 10554: 10483: 10399: 10344: 10339: 10162: 10006: 9895: 9793: 9768: 9725: 9214: 9179: 8868: 8735: 8635: 8560: 8425: 8388: 7764: 7428: 6754: 6748: 6734: 6218: 6176: 6148: 6033: 5846: 5076: 4872: 2261: 2173: 1306: 1254: 1210: 1194: 1051: 613: 485: 150: 8858: 8: 11060: 11014: 10879: 10749: 10539: 10468: 10225: 10198: 10181: 10169: 9991: 9947: 9712: 9678: 9643: 9457: 9268: 9144: 8993: 8795: 8665: 8615: 7934: 7531: 6885: 6855: 6243: 6138: 6133: 5570: 4885: 4798: 4768: 4722: 4485: 2315: 2206:. It soon recovered from this humiliating defeat, however, and in 381 the inhabitants of 2203: 1735: 1728: 1517:. This period also saw the foundation of important archaeological associations (e.g. the 1490: 1238: 1044: 993: 958: 817: 525: 445: 420: 324: 2016:

Greek philosophy dealt with a wide variety of subjects, including political philosophy,

1469:

Classical archaeology is the oldest branch of archaeology, with its roots going back to

1138:

While Latin was hugely influential, according to thirteenth-century English philosopher

10734: 10650: 10640: 10473: 10436: 10366: 10305: 10288: 10242: 10152: 10066: 9880: 9663: 9631: 9432: 9417: 9194: 8918: 8725: 8580: 8520: 8440: 8383: 8247: 7483: 7462: 7102: 6999: 6905: 6549: 6466: 6354: 5856: 5680: 5196: 5176: 5033: 4904: 4788: 4583: 4510: 4109: 3891: 3866: 3781: 3773: 3726: 3612: 3599: 3591: 2590:

The Culture of Classicism: Ancient Greece and Rome in American Cultural Life, 1780–1910

2153: 2102: 1998: 1994: 1869: 1623: 1483: 1246: 1024: 893: 822: 807: 717: 577: 507: 502: 470: 460: 425: 298: 38: 8833: 1431:

intellectuals attempted to return to the Latin of the classical period, especially of

10864: 10766: 10754: 10739: 10719: 10630: 10577: 10549: 10531: 10334: 10210: 10203: 10016: 9964: 9942: 9870: 9528: 9511: 9437: 9427: 9379: 8828: 8680: 8435: 8395: 8373: 7581: 7278: 7177: 6764: 6313: 6161: 6113: 5957: 5926: 5871: 5788: 5665: 5537: 5358: 5191: 5144: 5084: 4958: 4940: 4916: 4898: 4853: 4808: 4803: 4454: 4317: 4298: 4279: 4272: 4245: 4215: 4185: 4162: 4143: 4116: 4082: 4063: 4044: 4018: 3984: 3965: 3895: 3870: 3813: 3785: 3603: 2988: 2241: 1970: 1674: 1190: 948: 917: 907: 681: 582: 455: 440: 389: 286: 11009: 3878:

Stray, Christopher (2010). "'Patriots and Professors': A Century of Roman Studies".

1746: 10625: 10615: 10441: 10389: 10293: 10157: 10046: 9996: 9974: 9969: 9900: 9595: 8893: 8853: 8785: 8720: 8645: 8640: 8412: 8335: 8282: 8077: 8072: 7961: 7820: 7769: 7729: 7699: 7694: 7689: 7679: 7601: 7548: 7541: 7526: 7521: 7445: 7373: 7107: 6639: 6604: 6421: 6278: 6156: 6043: 6038: 5363: 5318: 5149: 5056: 4672: 4505: 4490: 4480: 4386: 4178:

Rome, the Greek World, and the East: The Roman Republic and the Augustan Revolution

3883: 3858: 3765: 3718: 3701: 3688: 3632: 3583: 2224: 2216: 2114: 2078: 2074: 2066: 1716: 1581:

is well known and we know the names of several Ancient Greek artists: for example,

1568: 1521:

in 1879), including many foreign archaeological institutes in Athens and Rome (the

1479: 1436: 1217: 1213: 1143: 1009: 858: 604: 562: 465: 274: 4132: 2077:. The earliest surviving inscription in Latin comes from the 7th century BC, on a 1107: 1066:

and has traditionally been the cornerstone of a typical elite European education.

64: 10999: 10939: 10824: 10672: 10667: 10645: 10565: 10519: 10276: 10230: 10128: 10105: 10088: 10061: 9846: 9600: 9590: 9549: 9501: 9352: 9325: 8988: 8800: 8780: 8740: 8675: 8625: 8620: 8495: 8445: 8353: 8187: 8167: 8087: 7536: 7361: 7122: 6880: 6668: 6481: 6223: 6089: 6021: 5348: 4946: 4928: 4922: 4836: 4813: 4687: 4598: 4558: 4495: 4377: 3709:

Mann, Wolfgang-Ranier (1996). "The Modern Historiography of Ancient Philosophy".

2540:

pp. 367, 368 (Anthony Grafton, Glenn W. Most, & Salvatore Settis, eds. 2010).

2286: 2212: 2086: 1910: 1541: 1502: 1424: 1290: 1028: 932: 889: 633: 490: 480: 214: 158: 7147: 6860: 1602:, yet little evidence of it survives to study, and what is available comes from 11029: 10949: 10904: 10844: 10809: 10601: 10514: 10419: 10327: 10118: 9952: 9875: 9483: 9467: 9043: 8685: 8420: 8368: 8340: 8287: 8272: 8252: 8067: 8042: 7999: 7989: 7815: 7789: 7719: 7704: 7669: 7629: 7390: 7004: 6944: 6939: 6895: 6676: 6624: 6614: 6594: 6584: 6328: 6323: 6318: 5171: 4970: 4964: 4952: 4752: 4727: 4500: 4425: 4356: 4011: 3670:

Kirk, G. S. (1985). "Homer". In Easterling, P. E.; Knox, Bernard M. W. (eds.).

2307: 2276: 2272: 2094: 1875:

Surviving Greek comedy begins later than tragedy; the earliest surviving work,

1830: 1704: 1690: 1649: 1332: 1055: 853: 757: 572: 495: 384: 291: 4371: 3887: 1273:

The 19th century saw the influence of the classical world, and the value of a

1086: 117:, the Greek philosopher and polymath who shaped Western science for centuries. 11044: 10984: 10869: 10784: 10729: 10589: 10509: 10404: 10254: 10247: 10140: 10093: 9986: 9842: 9706: 8575: 8545: 8460: 7994: 7971: 7784: 7639: 7624: 7571: 7378: 7240: 7157: 7132: 6822: 6744: 6426: 6369: 6268: 6258: 6228: 6210: 6084: 5236: 5018: 4910: 4866: 4828: 4667: 4588: 2781:

alongside other cultures in ancient Africa, West/Central Asia and the Levant.

2705:"Scrapping of archaeology and classics A-levels criticized as 'barbaric act'" 2325: 2191: 2141: 1962: 1885:, comes from 425 BC. However, comedy dates back as early as 486 BC, when the 1833:

was introduced; the earliest surviving inscriptions date from around 750 BC.

1755: 1262: 1225: 1221: 1206: 1193:. From the 14th century, first in Italy and then increasingly across Europe, 1155: 1099: 1013: 997: 927: 767: 727: 475: 450: 435: 374: 9811: 3652:

Kallendorf, Craig W. (2007). "Introduction". In Kallendorf, Craig W. (ed.).

1727:

at the start of the Greco-Persian wars, and to have ended with the death of

108: 11019: 10819: 10724: 10570: 10544: 10453: 10135: 10123: 10071: 10031: 10026: 9890: 9885: 9761: 9756: 9668: 9533: 9521: 9305: 9053: 8913: 8358: 8307: 8262: 8257: 8109: 7919: 7805: 7749: 7744: 7516: 7400: 7334: 7057: 7009: 6875: 6729: 6599: 6238: 6074: 5580: 5542: 5241: 3636: 2252:. In the specialised science and technology vocabularies, the influence of 2245: 2098: 2041: 1876: 1850: 1607: 1510: 1337: 1258: 1250: 1095: 1059: 1036: 642: 567: 369: 269: 257: 42: 3509:

Meeting the Challenge: International Perspectives on the Teaching of Latin

10959: 10707: 10702: 10694: 10679: 10504: 10409: 10220: 10056: 10021: 10001: 9981: 9959: 9924: 9610: 9578: 9539: 9384: 9310: 8848: 8470: 8292: 8182: 7576: 7077: 6969: 6949: 6777: 6285: 6263: 6253: 6248: 6171: 6128: 5675: 5585: 5575: 5462: 5452: 5216: 4593: 4568: 3934:

Ziolkowski, Jan M. (2007). "Middle Ages". In Kallendorf, Craig W. (ed.).

3661:

Kaminski, Thomas (2007). "Neoclassicism". In Kallendorf, Craig W. (ed.).

2281: 2089:, from the 1st century BC to the 2nd century AD. Latin then evolved into 2081:. Latin from between this point and the early 1st century BC is known as 2021: 1809: 1763: 1678: 1673:

Though the idea of an "aesthetics of reception" was first put forward by

1564: 1560: 1553: 1474: 1416: 1372: 1186: 1139: 1132: 1040: 1032: 1021: 789: 628: 618: 516: 359: 229: 219: 192: 123: 6782: 4380: 3738:

Martindale, Charles (2007). "Reception". In Kallendorf, Craig W. (ed.).

1297:

began to be seen as part of classics, rather than separate disciplines.

10490: 10478: 10448: 10414: 10354: 10036: 9571: 9496: 9462: 9389: 9374: 9362: 9330: 9291: 9073: 9013: 8978: 8770: 8705: 8695: 8590: 8475: 8363: 7946: 7914: 7659: 7586: 7418: 7413: 7014: 6984: 6979: 6964: 6850: 6817: 6486: 6456: 6123: 5851: 5685: 5527: 5522: 5512: 5497: 5482: 5472: 5447: 4823: 4578: 4533: 3938:. Malden, Massachusetts; Oxford, England; Carlton, Victoria: Blackwell. 3862: 3742:. Malden, Massachusetts; Oxford, England; Carlton, Victoria: Blackwell. 3730: 3692: 3665:. Malden, Massachusetts; Oxford, England; Carlton, Victoria: Blackwell. 3656:. Malden, Massachusetts; Oxford, England; Carlton, Victoria: Blackwell. 2165: 2161: 2090: 2010: 1978: 1974: 1898: 1890: 1881: 1629: 1599: 1174: 1063: 779: 701: 557: 535: 177: 142: 49: 7303: 3777: 3595: 3571: 2290:

is one of the most influential works of twentieth-century literature.

2120:

Latin authors whose work we have full examples of are the playwrights

1750:

Map showing the regional dialects of Greek during the Classical period

10924: 10761: 10496: 10458: 10051: 9865: 9555: 9544: 9506: 9399: 9103: 9098: 9058: 8983: 8953: 8933: 8810: 8750: 8660: 8610: 8605: 8530: 8490: 8378: 8348: 8157: 8032: 7825: 7709: 7684: 7563: 6989: 6915: 6900: 6870: 6865: 6797: 6721: 6706: 6691: 6634: 6534: 6186: 6118: 5690: 5670: 5640: 5635: 5630: 5595: 5590: 5560: 5507: 5467: 5246: 5112: 5066: 5046: 4677: 4548: 2157: 2082: 1990: 1940: 1865: 1855: 1845: 1840:

was invented in ancient Greece. Traditionally this was attributed to

1611: 1572: 1412: 1384: 1286: 1202: 1166: 1082: 922: 319: 224: 182: 114: 100:, the Roman statesman, is considered to be the master of Latin prose. 3920: 3812:(3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 591. 3722: 3219: 3207: 3192: 2223:

had invaded Italy. The war saw Rome's worst defeat to that point at

2219:

began in 218, and by the end of that year, the Carthaginian general

10914: 10610: 10431: 10259: 10113: 10076: 9583: 9472: 9394: 9340: 9063: 9048: 9038: 9023: 8938: 8928: 8898: 8888: 8883: 8873: 8775: 8690: 8570: 8555: 8485: 8465: 8455: 8450: 8430: 8229: 7810: 7774: 7664: 7591: 7423: 7039: 7029: 7019: 6994: 6772: 6739: 6701: 6644: 6559: 6544: 6401: 6391: 6308: 6303: 5700: 5695: 5655: 5650: 5625: 5605: 5532: 5487: 5477: 5333: 5231: 5166: 5094: 4702: 3769: 3587: 2220: 2207: 2061: 2025: 1982: 1936: 1894: 1886: 1428: 1323: 1198: 1162: 1123: 752: 542: 187: 167: 53: 30:

This article is about the academic discipline. For other uses, see

6792: 1957: 1216:

spread from Italy, in Catholic countries as it was adopted by the

1205:(1313–1375) who commissioned a Calabrian scholar to translate the 1062:

classics was traditionally considered to be the foundation of the

10829: 10684: 10596: 9566: 9516: 9490: 9367: 9320: 9083: 9078: 9068: 9033: 9028: 9018: 8963: 8948: 8765: 8760: 8745: 8715: 8670: 8650: 8630: 8585: 8317: 8172: 7951: 7759: 7754: 7644: 7182: 7172: 7117: 7112: 7097: 7087: 7072: 7067: 6954: 6842: 6832: 6711: 6686: 6681: 6654: 6649: 6629: 6619: 6609: 6574: 6564: 6554: 6506: 6496: 6471: 6436: 6431: 6406: 6059: 5841: 5502: 5492: 5251: 5221: 5211: 5206: 5186: 5181: 5061: 5008: 4717: 4707: 4697: 4692: 4682: 4394: 2169: 2145: 2125: 2121: 1860: 1841: 1824: 1582: 1514: 1498: 1282: 784: 661: 547: 530: 411: 379: 364: 349: 207: 81: 7127: 6441: 3827:

Shapiro, H. A. (2007). "Introduction". In Shapiro, H. A. (ed.).

1594:

is difficult due to a dearth of physical evidence: for example,

27:

Study of the culture of (mainly) Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome

10849: 9605: 9477: 9335: 9093: 8973: 8903: 8843: 8838: 8805: 8565: 8550: 8500: 8480: 7902: 7779: 7674: 7152: 7082: 7062: 7024: 6890: 6696: 6589: 6526: 6516: 6461: 6079: 6064: 5660: 5645: 5620: 5615: 5600: 5261: 5256: 5023: 5003: 4747: 4737: 4732: 4603: 4563: 4553: 4538: 2196: 2149: 2133: 2129: 2017: 2006: 1603: 1595: 1432: 1368: 1147: 774: 747: 696: 691: 666: 651: 264: 236: 197: 129: 97: 3983:(4th ed.). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. 3929:. Vol. 1. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 3674:. Vol. 1. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 10814: 10804: 10799: 10271: 10266: 9357: 9260: 8878: 8600: 8327: 7619: 7162: 7137: 7034: 6974: 6959: 6827: 6787: 6539: 6451: 6446: 6416: 6411: 6386: 6069: 5610: 5565: 5517: 5089: 5041: 4742: 4712: 4659: 4634: 4573: 4543: 2056: 2029: 1986: 1920: 1837: 1818: 1813: 1506: 1355: 1079: 1017: 671: 656: 552: 329: 281: 252: 172: 91: 75: 70: 2160:. Late Latin authors include many Christian writers such as 10944: 9088: 8655: 8595: 8177: 7553: 7167: 7142: 7092: 6579: 6569: 3749:

Ad Infinitum: A Biography of Latin and the World it Created

2730:"Ditching classics at A-level is little short of a tragedy" 2137: 1924: 1494: 1327: 676: 202: 3836:

Shorey, Paul (1906). "Philology and Classical Philology".

2202:

Around 387 BC, Rome was sacked by the Gauls following the

1575:

is still the architectural symbol of the classical world.

9784:

List of people considered a founder in a Humanities field

9347: 7649: 2268:

still seen as a foundational aspect of European culture.

1319: 686: 4389: 2073:

The language of ancient Rome was Latin, a member of the

10929: 9410: 4244:(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 48:"Classicist" redirects here. For the art movement, see 3914:

The Oxford History of Greece and the Hellenistic World

2548: 2546: 2489: 2487: 1408:, one of the first great works of classical philology. 2764:

Goldman, Max L.; Kennedy, Rebecca Futo (2021-06-15).

1808:

The earliest surviving works of Greek literature are

3979:

Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Anthony, eds. (2012).

2297: 1173:, was barely read in the twelfth century, while for 3978: 3507:Balbo, Andrea (2009). "Review of Bob Lister (ed.), 3092: 3090: 3088: 2543: 2504: 2502: 2484: 2001:. Later Greek schools of philosophy, including the 132:, usually considered to be the greatest Roman poet. 4271: 4131: 4108: 4010: 3075: 3073: 2660: 2658: 2465: 2463: 2450: 2448: 3831:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 2618:Women's Education in the United States, 1780–1840 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2404: 2402: 2364: 2362: 2360: 11042: 3851:International Journal of the Classical Tradition 3085: 3024: 3022: 2898: 2896: 2757: 2675: 2673: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2628: 2626: 2499: 2230: 4630: 4314:Ancient Philosophy: A Contemporary Introduction 3614:The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism 3070: 2655: 2460: 2445: 2172:; non-Christian authors, such as the historian 3959: 3232: 3230: 3228: 2763: 2727: 2426: 2399: 2357: 1523:American School of Classical Studies at Athens 9841: 9827: 9649:Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 9276: 7319: 4410: 4295:Ancient Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction 3927:The Cambridge History of Classical Literature 3672:The Cambridge History of Classical Literature 3641:The Cambridge History of Classical Literature 3626:. London, England: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 3019: 2893: 2670: 2638: 2623: 1997:before founding his own school, known as the 1872:, both from the end of the fifth century BC. 1858:. The last surviving Greek tragedies are the 1707:, beginning in the eighth century BC, to the 966: 52:. For the discrimination based on class, see 3203: 3201: 2981:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology 3916:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. 3679:Kristeller, Paul Oskar (1978). "Humanism". 3225: 2702: 9834: 9820: 9283: 9269: 7326: 7312: 5296: 4417: 4403: 4138:(2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: 4076: 3933: 3737: 3678: 3651: 3485: 3473: 3108: 3096: 3079: 2552: 2493: 2469: 2454: 2439: 2408: 2393: 2368: 1606:, Sparta's principal rival; likewise, the 1300: 973: 959: 4209: 4041:The Greek World After Alexander 323–30 BC 3829:The Cambridge Companion to Archaic Greece 3198: 1904: 41:. For exemplary or noteworthy books, see 4374:by the University of California, Irvine. 4239: 4129: 4008: 3660: 3536:Teaching Classics in Europe: An Overview 2564: 2520: 2508: 2060: 1956: 1745: 1489:The second half of the 19th century saw 1460: 1395: 1122: 7333: 4311: 4156: 4057: 4038: 3902: 3826: 3755: 3630: 3248: 3236: 3174: 3144: 3132: 2914: 2902: 1782:to 4th centuries BC), and Hellenistic ( 1331:by archaeologists and historians, with 1158:, to translate from Arabic into Latin. 14: 11043: 6350: 4175: 3936:A Companion to the Classical Tradition 3835: 3805: 3792: 3746: 3740:A Companion to the Classical Tradition 3699: 3663:A Companion to the Classical Tradition 3654:A Companion to the Classical Tradition 3532: 3519: 3461: 3449: 3437: 3425: 3064: 2974: 2803: 2792: 2664: 2613: 2601: 2420: 1012:and their related original languages, 9815: 9736:National Endowment for the Humanities 9721:Humanities, arts, and social sciences 9264: 7307: 7207: 6349: 5778: 5282: 4629: 4449: 4398: 4292: 4269: 4106: 4017:(4th ed.). Thames & Hudson. 3960:Beard, Mary; Henderson, John (2000). 3877: 3848: 3621: 3610: 3569: 3506: 3413: 3401: 3389: 3377: 3365: 3353: 3341: 3329: 3317: 3305: 3293: 3281: 3269: 3260:Aristotle, Metaphysics Alpha, 983b18. 3120: 2962: 2950: 2938: 2926: 2887: 2752: 2679: 2649: 2632: 2576: 2085:. Most surviving Latin literature is 1004:traditionally refers to the study of 9731:Moscow University for the Humanities 9702:Arts and Humanities Research Council 9659:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 6818:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus 4450: 4372:Electronic Resources for Classicists 3911: 3708: 3669: 3631:Handley, E. W. (1985). "Comedy". In 3560: 3180: 3168: 3156: 3052: 3040: 3028: 3013: 2875: 2863: 2851: 2839: 2827: 2815: 2691: 1655: 73:, the legendary Greek author of the 4316:(2nd ed.). London: Routledge. 4297:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4278:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4111:The World of Late Antiquity 150–750 4081:(4th ed.). London: Routledge. 4062:(2nd ed.). London: Routledge. 3964:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 3962:Classics: A Very Short Introduction 3643:. Vol. 1. Cambridge, England: 2766:"The Study of Classics Is Changing" 1684: 1519:Archaeological Institute of America 1047:and society as secondary subjects. 24: 5779: 4424: 4182:University of North Carolina Press 3944: 3907:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1725:second Persian invasions of Greece 1588: 1400:The eighteenth-century classicist 25: 11077: 11025:Western European and Others Group 4331: 2035: 1775:to 6th centuries BC), Classical ( 1513:' work in Crete, particularly on 1361: 1154:was set up in the border city of 7287: 7277: 7268: 7267: 4060:Greece in the Making 1200–479 BC 3905:Classics in Post-Colonial Worlds 2975:Darvil, Timothy (January 2009). 2321:Great Books of the Western World 2300: 2215:began; it lasted until 241. The 1231: 942: 149: 122: 107: 90: 63: 9779:Humanities in the United States 9627:American Journal of Archaeology 7288: 3806:Sandys, Sir John Edwin (1921). 3758:American Journal of Archaeology 3751:. London, England: HarperPress. 3576:American Journal of Archaeology 3479: 3467: 3455: 3443: 3431: 3419: 3407: 3395: 3383: 3371: 3359: 3347: 3335: 3323: 3311: 3299: 3287: 3275: 3263: 3254: 3242: 3213: 3186: 3162: 3150: 3138: 3126: 3114: 3102: 3058: 3046: 3034: 3007: 2968: 2956: 2944: 2932: 2920: 2908: 2881: 2869: 2857: 2845: 2833: 2821: 2809: 2797: 2786: 2746: 2721: 2696: 2685: 2607: 2595: 2582: 2570: 2558: 2526: 2514: 2108: 1946: 1268: 1220:, and in countries that became 9654:Journal of Controversial Ideas 9290: 2475: 2414: 2387: 2374: 1547: 1450: 1419:preserved in written sources; 1180: 1118: 13: 1: 4889: 4876: 4857: 4840: 4312:Shields, Christopher (2012). 3220:Winnington-Ingram et al. 1985 3208:Winnington-Ingram et al. 1985 3193:Winnington-Ingram et al. 1985 3003:– via Oxford Reference. 2728:Natalie Haynes (2016-10-19). 2346: 2231:Legacy of the classical world 2050: 1797: 1783: 1776: 1769: 1617: 1391:Classical Philology (journal) 1322:, the largest exam board for 1106:, contrasts "classicus" and " 9674:Revue des Études Arméniennes 7898:Frontiers and fortifications 6017:Funeral and burial practices 5202:Military of Mycenaean Greece 4362:Resources in other libraries 4242:The Decipherment of Linear B 4180:. Vol. 1. Chapel Hill: 3700:Mackay, Christopher (1997). 3561:Cook, Stephen (2003-02-18). 2351: 2331:Outline of classical studies 2179: 1378: 1069: 7: 7957:Decorations and punishments 4214:. Cambridge: Polity Press. 3981:Oxford Classical Dictionary 3617:. London, England: Methuen. 2534:Founding Fathers in America 2293: 2238:international lingua franca 2152:; and philosophers such as 1741: 1662:Classical reception studies 1501:; the first excavations at 1285:, especially with the "new 10: 11082: 8864:Dionysius of Halicarnassus 7439:historiography of the fall 5941:Greek Revival architecture 5283: 4115:. New York: W. W. Norton. 4079:The Greek World 479–323 BC 4077:Hornblower, Simon (2011). 3921:Winnington-Ingram, R. P.; 3795:Illinois Classical Studies 3645:Cambridge University Press 3570:Dyson, Stephen L. (1993). 3513:Bryn Mawr Classical Review 3494: 2703:Sally Weale (2016-10-17). 2620:, p. 218, note 110 (2005). 2183: 2112: 2075:Italic family of languages 2054: 2039: 1950: 1915:Religion in Ancient Greece 1908: 1897:, whose style is known as 1801: 1753: 1699:Timeline of ancient Greece 1688: 1659: 1621: 1551: 1454: 1388: 1382: 1228:in the original language. 1113: 47: 36: 29: 10795:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance 10775: 10693: 10530: 10365: 10236:Standard Average European 10104: 9933: 9853: 9789:Outline of the humanities 9769:Criticism of mass culture 9749: 9741:National Humanities Medal 9694: 9619: 9450: 9298: 9245:External wars and battles 9112: 9006: 8819: 8411: 8404: 8326: 8238: 8143: 8018: 7970: 7848: 7798: 7737: 7728: 7610: 7562: 7482: 7399: 7369: 7360: 7342: 7263: 7214: 7208: 7203: 7048: 6925: 6914: 6841: 6763: 6720: 6667: 6525: 6377: 6368: 6364: 6345: 6294: 6209: 6147: 6109: 6102: 6052: 6012: 6003: 5925: 5802: 5798: 5774: 5740: 5709: 5551: 5438: 5382: 5349:Attalid kings of Pergamon 5304: 5295: 5291: 5278: 5157:Antigonid Macedonian army 5130: 5103: 5075: 5032: 4989: 4980: 4822: 4761: 4658: 4654: 4625: 4524: 4473: 4469: 4445: 4432: 4357:Resources in your library 3888:10.1017/s0075435810000018 3747:Ostler, Nicholas (2009). 2336:Outline of ancient Greece 1695:Outline of ancient Greece 1020:. Classics also includes 32:Classics (disambiguation) 10935:Lancaster House Treaties 10425:Christian existentialism 10385:Ancient Roman philosophy 10375:Ancient Greek philosophy 9774:Educational essentialism 9411:Interdisciplinary fields 4212:Ancient Greek Literature 4140:Harvard University Press 4039:Shipley, Graham (2000). 3880:Journal of Roman Studies 2186:Timeline of ancient Rome 1953:Ancient Greek philosophy 1804:Ancient Greek literature 1760:Mycenaean Greek language 1709:Roman conquest of Greece 1531:American Academy in Rome 1527:British School at Athens 1261:. In the United States, 10713:Equality before the law 9920:Romano-Germanic culture 9240:Roman–Iranian relations 7715:Optimates and populares 4270:Irwin, Terence (1988). 4240:Chadwick, John (2014). 4210:Whitmarsh, Tim (2004). 4157:Cornell, T. J. (1995). 4058:Osborne, Robin (2009). 4009:Boardman, John (1996). 3622:Grant, Michael (1978). 2985:Oxford University Press 2538:The Classical Tradition 2532:Mortimer N.S. Sellers, 2341:Outline of ancient Rome 2244:and Ancient Greek into 2046:Culture of Ancient Rome 1301:20th century to present 1171:Carolingian Renaissance 1094:, the highest class in 11056:Ancient Greece studies 10875:Eastern European Group 10464:Continental philosophy 10395:Judeo-Christian ethics 10380:Hellenistic philosophy 9861:Cradle of civilization 9562:Liberal arts education 9250:Civil wars and revolts 8516:Sextus Pompeius Festus 8163:Conflict of the Orders 7522:Legislative assemblies 5383:Artists & scholars 5298:List of ancient Greeks 4935:Second Athenian League 4784:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 4609:Ancient Greek colonies 4159:The Beginnings of Rome 2176:, are also preserved. 2079:brooch from Palestrina 2070: 1966: 1905:Mythology and religion 1751: 1668:University of Konstanz 1535:British School at Rome 1466: 1409: 1128: 11066:Ancient Roman studies 10995:Three Seas Initiative 10970:Pacific Islands Forum 10835:British–Irish Council 10583:Greek Orthodox Church 10042:Industrial Revolution 10012:Scientific Revolution 9638:History of Humanities 8959:Simplicius of Cilicia 8711:Quintus Curtius Rufus 7940:Siege in Ancient Rome 7549:Executive magistrates 6502:Sybaris on the Traeis 5227:Sacred Band of Thebes 4967:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD) 4481:Cycladic civilization 4293:Annas, Julia (2000). 4161:. London: Routledge. 4130:Crawford, M. (1993). 4107:Brown, Peter (1989). 4043:. London: Routledge. 3838:The Classical Journal 3611:Eliot, T. S. (1920). 3533:Bulwer, John (2005). 3522:The Classical Journal 2140:; historians such as 2064: 1960: 1749: 1634:ancient Greek thought 1464: 1457:Classical archaeology 1402:Friedrich August Wolf 1399: 1389:For the journal, see 1383:Further information: 1347:Meeting the Challenge 1295:classical archaeology 1177:the reverse is true. 1169:, popular during the 1152:School of Translators 1126: 949:Literature portal 10990:Special Relationship 10400:Christian philosophy 10345:Western Christianity 10007:Age of Enlightenment 9881:Hellenistic Kingdoms 9794:Renaissance humanism 9726:Master of Humanities 8969:Stephanus Byzantinus 8874:Eusebius of Caesaria 8736:Sidonius Apollinaris 8426:Ammianus Marcellinus 7765:Tribune of the plebs 6027:mythological figures 5748:Ancient Greek tribes 4873:Peloponnesian League 2262:Ecclesiastical Latin 2174:Ammianus Marcellinus 2093:, in use during the 1736:Mediterranean region 1598:was a leading Greek 1406:Prolegomena to Homer 1255:Walter Savage Landor 1195:Renaissance Humanism 1078:is derived from the 1052:Western civilization 723:Groups and movements 11015:West Nordic Council 10880:Eastern Partnership 10469:Analytic philosophy 10170:Classical tradition 9992:Early modern period 9948:Classical antiquity 9943:European Bronze Age 9713:Geisteswissenschaft 9679:Teaching Philosophy 9458:Abductive reasoning 9145:Distinguished women 8796:Velleius Paterculus 8636:Nicolaus Damascenus 8616:Marcellus Empiricus 8005:Republican currency 6139:Tunnel of Eupalinos 6134:Theatre of Dionysus 5758:Ancient Macedonians 5374:Tyrants of Syracuse 4886:Amphictyonic League 4486:Minoan civilization 4383:at Tufts University 4176:Millar, F. (2002). 4001:Art and archaeology 3637:Knox, Bernard M. W. 3624:The History of Rome 2588:Caroline Winterer, 2316:Classical tradition 2204:Battle of the Allia 2095:late antique period 1729:Alexander the Great 1421:classical philology 1315:National Curriculum 1275:classical education 1239:William Shakespeare 1054:, the study of the 994:classical antiquity 342:Short prose fiction 245:Major written forms 10474:Post-structuralism 10437:Christian humanism 10067:Universal suffrage 9800:Studia Humanitatis 8919:Phlegon of Tralles 8726:Seneca the Younger 8200:Naming conventions 7930:Personal equipment 7463:Later Roman Empire 6813:Menestheus's Limin 6467:Pandosia (Lucania) 6355:Greek colonisation 5717:Athenian statesmen 5478:Diogenes of Sinope 5339:Kings of Macedonia 5329:Kings of Commagene 5197:Macedonian phalanx 5177:Hellenistic armies 4925:(c. 424–c. 395 BC) 4789:Indo-Greek Kingdom 4511:Hellenistic Greece 4134:The Roman Republic 3863:10.1007/BF02676905 3711:History and Theory 3693:10.1007/BF01100334 2854:, pp. 174–175 2154:Seneca the Younger 2148:; orators such as 2103:Vindolanda tablets 2071: 1967: 1939:and some forms of 1870:Oedipus at Colonus 1752: 1628:The English word " 1624:Ancient philosophy 1486:until much later. 1471:J.J. Winckelmann's 1467: 1410: 1404:was the author of 1247:Johann Winckelmann 1214:educational reform 1129: 836:Lists and outlines 312:Long prose fiction 39:Ancient literature 11051:Classical studies 11038: 11037: 10865:Council of Europe 10767:International law 10720:Constitutionalism 10578:Eastern Orthodoxy 10084:Post–Cold War era 10017:Age of Revolution 9871:Greco-Roman world 9809: 9808: 9529:General knowledge 9512:Cultural literacy 9446: 9445: 9380:Religious studies 9316:Classical studies 9258: 9257: 9220:Pontifices maximi 9002: 9001: 8859:Diogenes Laërtius 8681:Pliny the Younger 8436:Asconius Pedianus 8396:Romance languages 8268:Civil engineering 8010:Imperial currency 7883:Political control 7844: 7843: 7478: 7477: 7301: 7300: 7259: 7258: 7199: 7198: 7195: 7194: 7191: 7190: 6765:Iberian Peninsula 6697:Lipara/Meligounis 6663: 6662: 6341: 6340: 6337: 6336: 6314:Cypriot syllabary 6205: 6204: 6114:Athenian Treasury 6098: 6097: 5770: 5769: 5766: 5765: 5359:Ptolemaic dynasty 5319:Archons of Athens 5274: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5145:Athenian military 5126: 5125: 4959:League of Corinth 4941:Thessalian League 4917:Chalcidian League 4899:Acarnanian League 4809:Ptolemaic Kingdom 4621: 4620: 4617: 4616: 4338:Library resources 4274:Classical Thought 3633:Easterling, P. E. 3428:, pp. xi–xii 3222:, pp. 339–40 3055:, pp. 180–81 2977:"New Archaeology" 2830:, pp. 173–74 2242:Romance languages 1993:, who studied at 1971:Thales of Miletus 1713:Battle of Corinth 1675:Hans Robert Jauss 1656:Reception studies 1652:", this changed. 1417:study of language 1371:and parts of the 990:classical studies 983: 982: 735: 734: 590: 589: 397: 396: 18:Classical scholar 16:(Redirected from 11073: 10910:EU Customs Union 10442:Secular humanism 10390:Christian ethics 10340:East–West Schism 10323:Physical culture 10047:Great Divergence 9997:Age of Discovery 9836: 9829: 9822: 9813: 9812: 9596:Self-realization 9408: 9407: 9285: 9278: 9271: 9262: 9261: 9210:Magistri equitum 9125:Cities and towns 9118: 9044:Constantinopolis 8854:Diodorus Siculus 8786:Valerius Maximus 8721:Seneca the Elder 8641:Nonius Marcellus 8409: 8408: 7962:Hippika gymnasia 7925:Infantry tactics 7831:Consular tribune 7821:Magister equitum 7770:Military tribune 7735: 7734: 7695:Pontifex maximus 7690:Princeps senatus 7680:Magister militum 7446:Byzantine Empire 7367: 7366: 7328: 7321: 7314: 7305: 7304: 7291: 7290: 7281: 7271: 7270: 7205: 7204: 6923: 6922: 6422:Heraclea Lucania 6375: 6374: 6366: 6365: 6347: 6346: 6107: 6106: 6039:Twelve Olympians 6010: 6009: 5800: 5799: 5776: 5775: 5364:Seleucid dynasty 5344:Kings of Paionia 5293: 5292: 5280: 5279: 5150:Scythian archers 5057:Graphe paranomon 4987: 4986: 4894: 4891: 4881: 4878: 4862: 4859: 4849: 4845: 4842: 4656: 4655: 4627: 4626: 4506:Classical Greece 4491:Mycenaean Greece 4471: 4470: 4447: 4446: 4419: 4412: 4405: 4396: 4395: 4387:Alpheios Project 4327: 4308: 4289: 4277: 4255: 4225: 4195: 4172: 4153: 4137: 4126: 4114: 4092: 4073: 4054: 4028: 4016: 3994: 3975: 3939: 3930: 3917: 3908: 3899: 3874: 3845: 3832: 3823: 3802: 3789: 3752: 3743: 3734: 3705: 3696: 3675: 3666: 3657: 3648: 3627: 3618: 3607: 3566: 3557: 3555: 3554: 3548: 3541: 3529: 3516: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3471: 3465: 3459: 3453: 3447: 3441: 3435: 3429: 3423: 3417: 3411: 3405: 3399: 3393: 3387: 3381: 3380:, pp. 98–99 3375: 3369: 3368:, pp. 83–85 3363: 3357: 3351: 3345: 3339: 3333: 3327: 3321: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3297: 3296:, pp. 21–22 3291: 3285: 3279: 3273: 3267: 3261: 3258: 3252: 3246: 3240: 3234: 3223: 3217: 3211: 3205: 3196: 3190: 3184: 3178: 3172: 3166: 3160: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3136: 3130: 3124: 3118: 3112: 3106: 3100: 3094: 3083: 3077: 3068: 3062: 3056: 3050: 3044: 3038: 3032: 3026: 3017: 3011: 3005: 3004: 3002: 3001: 2983:(2nd ed.). 2972: 2966: 2960: 2954: 2948: 2942: 2936: 2930: 2924: 2918: 2912: 2906: 2900: 2891: 2885: 2879: 2873: 2867: 2861: 2855: 2849: 2843: 2837: 2831: 2825: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2801: 2795: 2790: 2784: 2783: 2777: 2776: 2770:Inside Higher Ed 2761: 2755: 2750: 2744: 2743: 2741: 2740: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2715: 2700: 2694: 2689: 2683: 2677: 2668: 2662: 2653: 2647: 2636: 2630: 2621: 2611: 2605: 2599: 2593: 2592:, pp. 3–4 (2002) 2586: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2550: 2541: 2530: 2524: 2518: 2512: 2506: 2497: 2491: 2482: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2458: 2452: 2443: 2437: 2424: 2418: 2412: 2406: 2397: 2391: 2385: 2378: 2372: 2366: 2310: 2305: 2304: 2303: 2217:Second Punic War 2115:Latin literature 2067:Praeneste fibula 1788: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1774: 1771: 1717:Classical period 1685:Classical Greece 1480:Classical Tripos 1437:Angelo Poliziano 1201:(1304–1374) and 1144:Greek literature 1010:Roman literature 992:is the study of 975: 968: 961: 947: 946: 945: 601: 600: 408: 407: 309: 308: 153: 139: 138: 126: 111: 94: 67: 21: 11081: 11080: 11076: 11075: 11074: 11072: 11071: 11070: 11041: 11040: 11039: 11034: 11000:UKUSA Agreement 10940:Lublin Triangle 10825:Baltic Assembly 10777: 10771: 10689: 10526: 10361: 10231:Eurolinguistics 10100: 10089:Information age 10062:Interwar period 9929: 9849: 9840: 9810: 9805: 9745: 9690: 9615: 9601:Self-reflection 9591:Moral character 9550:Human condition 9502:Critical theory 9442: 9406: 9353:Performing arts 9294: 9289: 9259: 9254: 9116: 9114: 9108: 8998: 8834:Aëtius of Amida 8815: 8801:Verrius Flaccus 8781:Valerius Antias 8741:Silius Italicus 8676:Pliny the Elder 8621:Marcus Aurelius 8496:Cornelius Nepos 8446:Aurelius Victor 8400: 8322: 8234: 8168:Secessio plebis 8139: 8014: 7966: 7840: 7794: 7724: 7606: 7558: 7474: 7395: 7356: 7338: 7332: 7302: 7297: 7255: 7210: 7187: 7050: 7044: 6927: 6918: 6910: 6881:Melaina Korkyra 6837: 6759: 6716: 6669:Aeolian Islands 6659: 6521: 6379: 6360: 6359: 6333: 6290: 6201: 6143: 6094: 6048: 5999: 5921: 5912:Wedding customs 5794: 5793: 5762: 5753:Thracian Greeks 5736: 5727:Olympic victors 5705: 5547: 5434: 5378: 5369:Kings of Sparta 5354:Kings of Pontus 5324:Kings of Athens 5300: 5287: 5266: 5162:Army of Macedon 5122: 5099: 5071: 5028: 4976: 4949:(370–c. 230 BC) 4947:Arcadian League 4931:(c. 400–188 BC) 4929:Aetolian League 4923:Boeotian League 4905:Hellenic League 4892: 4879: 4869:(c. 650–404 BC) 4860: 4854:Italiote League 4847: 4843: 4837:Doric Hexapolis 4827: 4818: 4814:Seleucid Empire 4757: 4650: 4649: 4613: 4520: 4496:Greek Dark Ages 4465: 4464: 4441: 4428: 4423: 4378:Perseus Project 4368: 4367: 4366: 4346: 4345: 4341: 4334: 4324: 4305: 4286: 4252: 4222: 4192: 4169: 4150: 4123: 4089: 4070: 4051: 4025: 3991: 3972: 3947: 3945:Further reading 3942: 3820: 3723:10.2307/2505360 3552: 3550: 3546: 3539: 3497: 3492: 3486:Martindale 2007 3484: 3480: 3474:Ziolkowski 2007 3472: 3468: 3460: 3456: 3448: 3444: 3436: 3432: 3424: 3420: 3412: 3408: 3400: 3396: 3388: 3384: 3376: 3372: 3364: 3360: 3352: 3348: 3340: 3336: 3328: 3324: 3316: 3312: 3304: 3300: 3292: 3288: 3280: 3276: 3268: 3264: 3259: 3255: 3247: 3243: 3235: 3226: 3218: 3214: 3206: 3199: 3191: 3187: 3179: 3175: 3167: 3163: 3155: 3151: 3143: 3139: 3131: 3127: 3119: 3115: 3109:Martindale 2007 3107: 3103: 3097:Martindale 2007 3095: 3086: 3080:Kallendorf 2007 3078: 3071: 3063: 3059: 3051: 3047: 3039: 3035: 3027: 3020: 3012: 3008: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2973: 2969: 2961: 2957: 2949: 2945: 2937: 2933: 2925: 2921: 2913: 2909: 2901: 2894: 2886: 2882: 2874: 2870: 2862: 2858: 2850: 2846: 2838: 2834: 2826: 2822: 2814: 2810: 2802: 2798: 2791: 2787: 2774: 2772: 2762: 2758: 2751: 2747: 2738: 2736: 2726: 2722: 2713: 2711: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2686: 2678: 2671: 2663: 2656: 2648: 2639: 2631: 2624: 2612: 2608: 2600: 2596: 2587: 2583: 2575: 2571: 2563: 2559: 2553:Kristeller 1978 2551: 2544: 2531: 2527: 2519: 2515: 2507: 2500: 2494:Kristeller 1978 2492: 2485: 2480: 2476: 2470:Kristeller 1978 2468: 2461: 2455:Kristeller 1978 2453: 2446: 2440:Ziolkowski 2007 2438: 2427: 2419: 2415: 2409:Ziolkowski 2007 2407: 2400: 2394:Ziolkowski 2007 2392: 2388: 2380:Aulus Gellius, 2379: 2375: 2369:Ziolkowski 2007 2367: 2358: 2354: 2349: 2306: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2233: 2213:First Punic War 2188: 2182: 2117: 2111: 2087:Classical Latin 2059: 2053: 2048: 2040:Main articles: 2038: 1995:Plato's Academy 1955: 1949: 1917: 1911:Greek mythology 1909:Main articles: 1907: 1868:and Sophocles' 1806: 1800: 1786: 1779: 1772: 1766: 1754:Main articles: 1744: 1715:in 146 BC. The 1701: 1689:Main articles: 1687: 1664: 1658: 1626: 1620: 1591: 1589:Ancient history 1579:Greek sculpture 1556: 1550: 1542:New Archaeology 1493:excavations of 1459: 1453: 1425:the Renaissance 1394: 1387: 1381: 1364: 1303: 1291:ancient history 1271: 1234: 1183: 1121: 1116: 1072: 1006:Classical Greek 979: 943: 941: 874:Literary awards 740:Dramatic genres 481:science fiction 159:Oral literature 137: 136: 135: 134: 133: 127: 119: 118: 112: 103: 102: 101: 95: 87: 86: 68: 57: 46: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11079: 11069: 11068: 11063: 11058: 11053: 11036: 11035: 11033: 11032: 11030:Westernization 11027: 11022: 11017: 11012: 11010:Visegrád Group 11007: 11002: 10997: 10992: 10987: 10982: 10977: 10972: 10967: 10962: 10957: 10952: 10950:Nordic Council 10947: 10942: 10937: 10932: 10927: 10922: 10917: 10912: 10907: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10887: 10882: 10877: 10872: 10867: 10862: 10857: 10852: 10847: 10845:Bucharest Nine 10842: 10837: 10832: 10827: 10822: 10817: 10812: 10810:Arctic Council 10807: 10802: 10797: 10792: 10787: 10781: 10779: 10773: 10772: 10770: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10758: 10757: 10752: 10747: 10742: 10737: 10732: 10722: 10717: 10716: 10715: 10705: 10699: 10697: 10691: 10690: 10688: 10687: 10682: 10677: 10676: 10675: 10670: 10665: 10660: 10655: 10654: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10628: 10623: 10618: 10608: 10607: 10606: 10605: 10604: 10594: 10593: 10592: 10587: 10586: 10585: 10575: 10574: 10573: 10563: 10562: 10561: 10536: 10534: 10528: 10527: 10525: 10524: 10523: 10522: 10512: 10507: 10502: 10501: 10500: 10488: 10487: 10486: 10476: 10471: 10466: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10445: 10444: 10439: 10429: 10428: 10427: 10420:Existentialism 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10371: 10369: 10363: 10362: 10360: 10359: 10358: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10342: 10332: 10331: 10330: 10320: 10319: 10318: 10313: 10303: 10302: 10301: 10291: 10286: 10285: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10264: 10263: 10262: 10252: 10251: 10250: 10240: 10239: 10238: 10233: 10223: 10218: 10213: 10208: 10207: 10206: 10196: 10191: 10190: 10189: 10179: 10178: 10177: 10167: 10166: 10165: 10155: 10150: 10149: 10148: 10138: 10133: 10132: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10110: 10108: 10102: 10101: 10099: 10098: 10097: 10096: 10091: 10081: 10080: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9984: 9979: 9978: 9977: 9972: 9967: 9957: 9956: 9955: 9953:Late antiquity 9945: 9939: 9937: 9931: 9930: 9928: 9927: 9922: 9917: 9912: 9907: 9906: 9905: 9904: 9903: 9898: 9888: 9883: 9878: 9868: 9863: 9857: 9855: 9851: 9850: 9839: 9838: 9831: 9824: 9816: 9807: 9806: 9804: 9803: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9781: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9765: 9764: 9753: 9751: 9747: 9746: 9744: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9717: 9716: 9704: 9698: 9696: 9692: 9691: 9689: 9688: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9634: 9629: 9623: 9621: 9617: 9616: 9614: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9587: 9586: 9576: 9575: 9574: 9569: 9559: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9536: 9531: 9526: 9525: 9524: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9487: 9484:Belles-lettres 9480: 9475: 9470: 9468:Antipositivism 9465: 9460: 9454: 9452: 9448: 9447: 9444: 9443: 9441: 9440: 9435: 9430: 9425: 9420: 9414: 9412: 9405: 9404: 9403: 9402: 9397: 9392: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9371: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9350: 9345: 9344: 9343: 9338: 9333: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9302: 9300: 9296: 9295: 9288: 9287: 9280: 9273: 9265: 9256: 9255: 9253: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9227: 9222: 9217: 9212: 9207: 9202: 9197: 9192: 9187: 9182: 9177: 9172: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9121: 9119: 9110: 9109: 9107: 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9086: 9081: 9076: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9051: 9046: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9010: 9008: 9004: 9003: 9000: 8999: 8997: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8856: 8851: 8846: 8841: 8836: 8831: 8825: 8823: 8817: 8816: 8814: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8686:Pomponius Mela 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8598: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8563: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8421:Aelius Donatus 8417: 8415: 8406: 8402: 8401: 8399: 8398: 8393: 8392: 8391: 8389:Ecclesiastical 8386: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8343: 8338: 8332: 8330: 8324: 8323: 8321: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8244: 8242: 8236: 8235: 8233: 8232: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8192: 8191: 8190: 8180: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8149: 8147: 8141: 8140: 8138: 8137: 8132: 8130:Toys and games 8127: 8122: 8117: 8112: 8107: 8102: 8101: 8100: 8090: 8085: 8080: 8075: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8035: 8030: 8024: 8022: 8016: 8015: 8013: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7976: 7974: 7968: 7967: 7965: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7943: 7942: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7912: 7907: 7906: 7905: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7854: 7852: 7846: 7845: 7842: 7841: 7839: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7802: 7800: 7796: 7795: 7793: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7741: 7739: 7732: 7726: 7725: 7723: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7677: 7672: 7670:Vigintisexviri 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7630:Cursus honorum 7627: 7622: 7616: 7614: 7608: 7607: 7605: 7604: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7568: 7566: 7560: 7559: 7557: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7545: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7529: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7488: 7486: 7480: 7479: 7476: 7475: 7473: 7472: 7471: 7470: 7460: 7459: 7458: 7453: 7443: 7442: 7441: 7436: 7429:Western Empire 7426: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7405: 7403: 7397: 7396: 7394: 7393: 7388: 7387: 7386: 7376: 7370: 7364: 7358: 7357: 7355: 7354: 7349: 7343: 7340: 7339: 7331: 7330: 7323: 7316: 7308: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7295: 7285: 7275: 7264: 7261: 7260: 7257: 7256: 7254: 7253: 7248: 7243: 7238: 7233: 7228: 7227: 7226: 7215: 7212: 7211: 7201: 7200: 7197: 7196: 7193: 7192: 7189: 7188: 7186: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7150: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7125: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7070: 7065: 7060: 7054: 7052: 7046: 7045: 7043: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6931: 6929: 6920: 6912: 6911: 6909: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6847: 6845: 6839: 6838: 6836: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6769: 6767: 6761: 6760: 6758: 6757: 6752: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6726: 6724: 6718: 6717: 6715: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6673: 6671: 6665: 6664: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6617: 6615:Megara Hyblaea 6612: 6607: 6602: 6597: 6595:Hybla Gereatis 6592: 6587: 6585:Heraclea Minoa 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6531: 6529: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6383: 6381: 6372: 6362: 6361: 6358: 6357: 6351: 6343: 6342: 6339: 6338: 6335: 6334: 6332: 6331: 6329:Attic numerals 6326: 6324:Greek numerals 6321: 6319:Greek alphabet 6316: 6311: 6306: 6300: 6298: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6288: 6283: 6282: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6215: 6213: 6207: 6206: 6203: 6202: 6200: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6153: 6151: 6145: 6144: 6142: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6110: 6104: 6100: 6099: 6096: 6095: 6093: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6056: 6054: 6050: 6049: 6047: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6030: 6029: 6019: 6013: 6007: 6001: 6000: 5998: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5976: 5975: 5973:Musical system 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5944: 5943: 5932: 5930: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5808: 5806: 5796: 5795: 5792: 5791: 5786: 5780: 5772: 5771: 5768: 5767: 5764: 5763: 5761: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5744: 5742: 5738: 5737: 5735: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5713: 5711: 5707: 5706: 5704: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5557: 5555: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5444: 5442: 5436: 5435: 5433: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5405:Mathematicians 5402: 5397: 5392: 5386: 5384: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5314:Kings of Argos 5310: 5308: 5302: 5301: 5289: 5288: 5276: 5275: 5272: 5271: 5268: 5267: 5265: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5172:Cretan archers 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5153: 5152: 5142: 5136: 5134: 5128: 5127: 5124: 5123: 5121: 5120: 5115: 5109: 5107: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5081: 5079: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5038: 5036: 5030: 5029: 5027: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4990: 4984: 4978: 4977: 4975: 4974: 4971:Achaean League 4968: 4965:Euboean League 4962: 4956: 4953:Epirote League 4950: 4944: 4938: 4932: 4926: 4920: 4914: 4908: 4902: 4901:(c. 500–31 BC) 4896: 4883: 4870: 4864: 4851: 4833: 4831: 4829:Confederations 4820: 4819: 4817: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4765: 4763: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4755: 4753:Lissus (Crete) 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4664: 4662: 4652: 4651: 4648: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4631: 4623: 4622: 4619: 4618: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4530: 4528: 4522: 4521: 4519: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4501:Archaic Greece 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4477: 4475: 4467: 4466: 4463: 4462: 4457: 4451: 4443: 4442: 4440: 4439: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4426:Ancient Greece 4422: 4421: 4414: 4407: 4399: 4393: 4392: 4384: 4375: 4365: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4336: 4335: 4333: 4332:External links 4330: 4329: 4328: 4322: 4309: 4303: 4290: 4284: 4266: 4265: 4264: 4263: 4257: 4256: 4250: 4236: 4235: 4234: 4233: 4227: 4226: 4220: 4206: 4205: 4204: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4190: 4173: 4167: 4154: 4148: 4127: 4121: 4103: 4102: 4101: 4100: 4099:History, Roman 4094: 4093: 4087: 4074: 4068: 4055: 4049: 4035: 4034: 4033:History, Greek 4030: 4029: 4023: 4005: 4004: 4003: 4002: 3996: 3995: 3989: 3976: 3970: 3956: 3955: 3954: 3953: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3940: 3931: 3918: 3909: 3900: 3875: 3846: 3833: 3824: 3818: 3803: 3790: 3770:10.2307/504703 3764:(3): 287–298. 3753: 3744: 3735: 3717:(2): 165–195. 3706: 3697: 3687:(4): 586–595. 3676: 3667: 3658: 3649: 3628: 3619: 3608: 3588:10.2307/505656 3582:(2): 195–206. 3567: 3558: 3530: 3517: 3503: 3502: 3501: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3490: 3478: 3466: 3454: 3452:, p. xiii 3442: 3430: 3418: 3406: 3394: 3382: 3370: 3358: 3346: 3334: 3322: 3310: 3298: 3286: 3274: 3262: 3253: 3241: 3224: 3212: 3197: 3185: 3173: 3161: 3149: 3137: 3125: 3113: 3101: 3084: 3069: 3057: 3045: 3033: 3018: 3006: 2993: 2967: 2955: 2943: 2941:, pp. 4–5 2931: 2919: 2907: 2892: 2880: 2868: 2856: 2844: 2832: 2820: 2808: 2796: 2785: 2756: 2745: 2720: 2695: 2684: 2669: 2654: 2637: 2622: 2606: 2594: 2581: 2569: 2557: 2542: 2525: 2513: 2498: 2483: 2474: 2459: 2444: 2425: 2413: 2398: 2386: 2382:Noctes Atticae 2373: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2308:History portal 2295: 2292: 2232: 2229: 2184:Main article: 2181: 2178: 2113:Main article: 2110: 2107: 2055:Main article: 2052: 2049: 2037: 2036:Classical Rome 2034: 1985:, his student 1951:Main article: 1948: 1945: 1906: 1903: 1831:Greek alphabet 1802:Main article: 1799: 1796: 1743: 1740: 1705:Archaic period 1691:Ancient Greece 1686: 1683: 1660:Main article: 1657: 1654: 1650:New Philosophy 1622:Main article: 1619: 1616: 1590: 1587: 1552:Main article: 1549: 1546: 1455:Main article: 1452: 1449: 1380: 1377: 1363: 1362:Subdisciplines 1360: 1333:Natalie Haynes 1302: 1299: 1270: 1267: 1233: 1230: 1182: 1179: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1071: 1068: 981: 980: 978: 977: 970: 963: 955: 952: 951: 938: 937: 936: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 897: 896: 886: 885: 884: 883: 882: 881: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 846: 838: 837: 833: 832: 831: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 802: 801: 795: 794: 793: 792: 787: 782: 777: 772: 771: 770: 765: 755: 750: 742: 741: 737: 736: 733: 732: 731: 730: 725: 720: 712: 711: 707: 706: 705: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 646: 645: 639: 638: 637: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 608: 607: 597: 596: 592: 591: 588: 587: 586: 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 539: 538: 533: 520: 519: 513: 512: 511: 510: 505: 500: 499: 498: 493: 488: 483: 478: 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 448: 443: 433: 428: 423: 415: 414: 404: 403: 399: 398: 395: 394: 393: 392: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 362: 357: 352: 344: 343: 339: 338: 337: 336: 327: 322: 314: 313: 307: 306: 301: 296: 295: 294: 284: 279: 278: 277: 272: 262: 261: 260: 247: 246: 242: 241: 240: 239: 234: 233: 232: 227: 217: 212: 211: 210: 205: 200: 195: 190: 185: 180: 175: 162: 161: 155: 154: 146: 145: 128: 121: 120: 113: 106: 105: 104: 96: 89: 88: 69: 62: 61: 60: 59: 58: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11078: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11048: 11046: 11031: 11028: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11018: 11016: 11013: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10993: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10975:PROSUR/PROSUL 10973: 10971: 10968: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10923: 10921: 10918: 10916: 10913: 10911: 10908: 10906: 10903: 10901: 10898: 10896: 10893: 10891: 10888: 10886: 10883: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10871: 10870:Craiova Group 10868: 10866: 10863: 10861: 10858: 10856: 10853: 10851: 10848: 10846: 10843: 10841: 10838: 10836: 10833: 10831: 10828: 10826: 10823: 10821: 10818: 10816: 10813: 10811: 10808: 10806: 10803: 10801: 10798: 10796: 10793: 10791: 10788: 10786: 10785:ABCANZ Armies 10783: 10782: 10780: 10774: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10756: 10753: 10751: 10748: 10746: 10743: 10741: 10738: 10736: 10733: 10731: 10728: 10727: 10726: 10723: 10721: 10718: 10714: 10711: 10710: 10709: 10706: 10704: 10701: 10700: 10698: 10696: 10692: 10686: 10683: 10681: 10678: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10664: 10661: 10659: 10656: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10633: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10613: 10612: 10609: 10603: 10600: 10599: 10598: 10595: 10591: 10590:Protestantism 10588: 10584: 10581: 10580: 10579: 10576: 10572: 10569: 10568: 10567: 10564: 10560: 10556: 10553: 10552: 10551: 10548: 10547: 10546: 10543: 10542: 10541: 10538: 10537: 10535: 10533: 10529: 10521: 10518: 10517: 10516: 10513: 10511: 10510:Sovereigntism 10508: 10506: 10503: 10499: 10498: 10494: 10493: 10492: 10489: 10485: 10482: 10481: 10480: 10477: 10475: 10472: 10470: 10467: 10465: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10450: 10447: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10434: 10433: 10430: 10426: 10423: 10422: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10405:Scholasticism 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10373: 10372: 10370: 10368: 10364: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10337: 10336: 10333: 10329: 10326: 10325: 10324: 10321: 10317: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10308: 10307: 10304: 10300: 10297: 10296: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10269: 10268: 10265: 10261: 10258: 10257: 10256: 10253: 10249: 10246: 10245: 10244: 10241: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10229: 10228: 10227: 10224: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10212: 10209: 10205: 10202: 10201: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10188: 10185: 10184: 10183: 10180: 10176: 10173: 10172: 10171: 10168: 10164: 10161: 10160: 10159: 10156: 10154: 10151: 10147: 10144: 10143: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10116: 10115: 10112: 10111: 10109: 10107: 10103: 10095: 10094:War on terror 10092: 10090: 10087: 10086: 10085: 10082: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9989: 9988: 9987:Modern period 9985: 9983: 9980: 9976: 9973: 9971: 9968: 9966: 9963: 9962: 9961: 9958: 9954: 9951: 9950: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9940: 9938: 9936: 9932: 9926: 9923: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9908: 9902: 9899: 9897: 9894: 9893: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9873: 9872: 9869: 9867: 9864: 9862: 9859: 9858: 9856: 9852: 9848: 9844: 9843:Western world 9837: 9832: 9830: 9825: 9823: 9818: 9817: 9814: 9802: 9801: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9763: 9760: 9759: 9758: 9755: 9754: 9752: 9748: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9715: 9714: 9710: 9709: 9708: 9707:Human science 9705: 9703: 9700: 9699: 9697: 9693: 9687: 9686: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9639: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9624: 9622: 9618: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9585: 9582: 9581: 9580: 9577: 9573: 9570: 9568: 9565: 9564: 9563: 9560: 9558: 9557: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9527: 9523: 9520: 9519: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9503: 9500: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9492: 9488: 9486: 9485: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9455: 9453: 9449: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9423:Environmental 9421: 9419: 9416: 9415: 9413: 9409: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9391: 9388: 9387: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9355: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9328: 9327: 9326:Language arts 9324: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9303: 9301: 9297: 9293: 9286: 9281: 9279: 9274: 9272: 9267: 9266: 9263: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9203: 9201: 9198: 9196: 9193: 9191: 9188: 9186: 9183: 9181: 9178: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9122: 9120: 9111: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9050: 9047: 9045: 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9011: 9009: 9005: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8860: 8857: 8855: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8830: 8827: 8826: 8824: 8822: 8818: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8576:Julius Paulus 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8511:Fabius Pictor 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8419: 8418: 8416: 8414: 8410: 8407: 8403: 8397: 8394: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8333: 8331: 8329: 8325: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8248:Amphitheatres 8246: 8245: 8243: 8241: 8237: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8150: 8148: 8146: 8142: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8103: 8099: 8096: 8095: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8021: 8017: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7985:Deforestation 7983: 7981: 7978: 7977: 7975: 7973: 7969: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7935:Siege engines 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7917: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7904: 7901: 7900: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7868:Establishment 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7855: 7853: 7851: 7847: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7803: 7801: 7799:Extraordinary 7797: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7785:Promagistrate 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7742: 7740: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7727: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7617: 7615: 7613: 7609: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7572:Twelve Tables 7570: 7569: 7567: 7565: 7561: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7524: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7489: 7487: 7485: 7481: 7469: 7466: 7465: 7464: 7461: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7448: 7447: 7444: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7431: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7404: 7402: 7398: 7392: 7389: 7385: 7382: 7381: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7371: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7359: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7344: 7341: 7336: 7329: 7324: 7322: 7317: 7315: 7310: 7309: 7306: 7294: 7286: 7284: 7280: 7276: 7274: 7266: 7265: 7262: 7252: 7249: 7247: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7234: 7232: 7229: 7225: 7222: 7221: 7220: 7217: 7216: 7213: 7206: 7202: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7149: 7146: 7144: 7141: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7131: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7055: 7053: 7047: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6924: 6921: 6917: 6913: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6848: 6846: 6844: 6840: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6793:Hemeroscopion 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6770: 6768: 6766: 6762: 6756: 6753: 6750: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6727: 6725: 6723: 6719: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6674: 6672: 6670: 6666: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6528: 6524: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6384: 6382: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6370:Magna Graecia 6367: 6363: 6356: 6353: 6352: 6348: 6344: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6301: 6299: 6297: 6293: 6287: 6284: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6244:Arcadocypriot 6242: 6240: 6237: 6236: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6216: 6214: 6212: 6208: 6198: 6197:Zeus, Olympia 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6182:Hera, Olympia 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6154: 6152: 6150: 6146: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6111: 6108: 6105: 6101: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6085:Mount Olympus 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6053:Sacred places 6051: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6028: 6025: 6024: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6014: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6002: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5974: 5971: 5970: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5937: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5924: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5877:Olympic Games 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5867:Homosexuality 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5809: 5807: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5777: 5773: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5739: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5708: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5550: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5441: 5437: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5387: 5385: 5381: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5303: 5299: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5281: 5277: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5237:Seleucid army 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5151: 5148: 5147: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5135: 5133: 5129: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5110: 5108: 5106: 5102: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5078: 5074: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4991: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4979: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4951: 4948: 4945: 4942: 4939: 4936: 4933: 4930: 4927: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4911:Delian League 4909: 4906: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4887: 4884: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4867:Ionian League 4865: 4855: 4852: 4848: 560 BC 4838: 4835: 4834: 4832: 4830: 4825: 4821: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4766: 4764: 4760: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4661: 4657: 4653: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4589:Magna Graecia 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4531: 4529: 4527: 4523: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4478: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4452: 4448: 4444: 4438: 4435: 4434: 4431: 4427: 4420: 4415: 4413: 4408: 4406: 4401: 4400: 4397: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4382: 4379: 4376: 4373: 4370: 4369: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4325: 4323:9780415896603 4319: 4315: 4310: 4306: 4304:9780192853578 4300: 4296: 4291: 4287: 4285:9780192891778 4281: 4276: 4275: 4268: 4267: 4261: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4253: 4251:9781107691766 4247: 4243: 4238: 4237: 4231: 4230: 4229: 4228: 4223: 4221:9780745627915 4217: 4213: 4208: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4199: 4198: 4193: 4191:9780807849903 4187: 4183: 4179: 4174: 4170: 4168:9780415015967 4164: 4160: 4155: 4151: 4149:9780006862505 4145: 4141: 4136: 4135: 4128: 4124: 4122:9780393958034 4118: 4113: 4112: 4105: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4096: 4095: 4090: 4088:9780415602921 4084: 4080: 4075: 4071: 4069:9780415469920 4065: 4061: 4056: 4052: 4050:9780415046183 4046: 4042: 4037: 4036: 4032: 4031: 4026: 4024:9780500202920 4020: 4015: 4014: 4007: 4006: 4000: 3999: 3998: 3997: 3992: 3990:9780199545568 3986: 3982: 3977: 3973: 3971:9780192853851 3967: 3963: 3958: 3957: 3951: 3950: 3949: 3948: 3937: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3919: 3915: 3910: 3906: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3852: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3834: 3830: 3825: 3821: 3819:9781108027069 3815: 3811: 3810: 3804: 3800: 3796: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3754: 3750: 3745: 3741: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3707: 3703: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3677: 3673: 3668: 3664: 3659: 3655: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3629: 3625: 3620: 3616: 3615: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3568: 3564: 3563:"Latin Types" 3559: 3549:on 2022-11-07 3545: 3538: 3537: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3505: 3504: 3499: 3498: 3488:, p. 310 3487: 3482: 3475: 3470: 3464:, p. xii 3463: 3458: 3451: 3446: 3440:, p. 161 3439: 3434: 3427: 3422: 3416:, p. 106 3415: 3410: 3404:, p. 104 3403: 3398: 3392:, p. 101 3391: 3386: 3379: 3374: 3367: 3362: 3355: 3350: 3343: 3338: 3331: 3326: 3319: 3314: 3307: 3302: 3295: 3290: 3283: 3278: 3271: 3266: 3257: 3251:, p. 356 3250: 3245: 3239:, p. 355 3238: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3221: 3216: 3210:, p. 258 3209: 3204: 3202: 3195:, p. 259 3194: 3189: 3182: 3177: 3170: 3165: 3158: 3153: 3146: 3141: 3134: 3129: 3122: 3117: 3111:, p. 301 3110: 3105: 3099:, p. 298 3098: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3081: 3076: 3074: 3066: 3061: 3054: 3049: 3043:, p. 180 3042: 3037: 3031:, p. 178 3030: 3025: 3023: 3016:, p. 140 3015: 3010: 2996: 2994:9780199534043 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2971: 2965:, p. 196 2964: 2959: 2953:, p. 204 2952: 2947: 2940: 2935: 2928: 2923: 2917:, p. 287 2916: 2911: 2905:, p. 288 2904: 2899: 2897: 2890:, p. 205 2889: 2884: 2878:, p. 175 2877: 2872: 2866:, p. 173 2865: 2860: 2853: 2848: 2842:, p. 174 2841: 2836: 2829: 2824: 2818:, p. 172 2817: 2812: 2806:, p. 179 2805: 2800: 2794: 2789: 2782: 2771: 2767: 2760: 2754: 2749: 2735: 2731: 2724: 2710: 2706: 2699: 2693: 2688: 2681: 2676: 2674: 2667:, p. 169 2666: 2661: 2659: 2651: 2646: 2644: 2642: 2634: 2629: 2627: 2619: 2615: 2610: 2604:, p. 309 2603: 2598: 2591: 2585: 2578: 2573: 2566: 2565:Kaminski 2007 2561: 2555:, p. 591 2554: 2549: 2547: 2539: 2535: 2529: 2522: 2521:Kaminski 2007 2517: 2510: 2509:Kaminski 2007 2505: 2503: 2496:, p. 590 2495: 2490: 2488: 2478: 2472:, p. 587 2471: 2466: 2464: 2457:, p. 586 2456: 2451: 2449: 2441: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2423:, p. 591 2422: 2417: 2410: 2405: 2403: 2395: 2390: 2383: 2377: 2370: 2365: 2363: 2361: 2356: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2326:Neoclassicism 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2313: 2309: 2298: 2291: 2289: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2274: 2269: 2265: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2228: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2209: 2205: 2200: 2198: 2193: 2192:Palatine Hill 2187: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2142:Julius Caesar 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2116: 2106: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2047: 2043: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2014: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1964: 1963:pre-Socratics 1959: 1954: 1944: 1942: 1938: 1932: 1928: 1926: 1922: 1916: 1912: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1862: 1857: 1853: 1852: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1834: 1832: 1827: 1826: 1821: 1820: 1815: 1811: 1805: 1795: 1791: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1756:Ancient Greek 1748: 1739: 1737: 1732: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1671: 1669: 1663: 1653: 1651: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1625: 1615: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1586: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1555: 1545: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1533:in 1895, and 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1487: 1485: 1481: 1476: 1472: 1463: 1458: 1448: 1444: 1442: 1441:Jean Le Clerc 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1407: 1403: 1398: 1392: 1386: 1376: 1374: 1370: 1359: 1357: 1352: 1351:Ancient Greek 1348: 1343: 1340: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1278: 1276: 1266: 1264: 1263:philhellenism 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1243: 1240: 1232:Neoclassicism 1229: 1227: 1226:New Testament 1223: 1219: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1207:Homeric poems 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1178: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1159: 1157: 1156:Toledo, Spain 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1136: 1134: 1125: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1100:Aulus Gellius 1097: 1093: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1077: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1048: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1014:Ancient Greek 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 998:Western world 995: 991: 987: 976: 971: 969: 964: 962: 957: 956: 954: 953: 950: 940: 939: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 900: 899: 898: 895: 891: 888: 887: 880: 877: 876: 875: 872: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 845: 842: 841: 840: 839: 835: 834: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 805: 804: 803: 800: 797: 796: 791: 788: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 769: 766: 764: 761: 760: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 746: 745: 744: 743: 739: 738: 729: 726: 724: 721: 719: 716: 715: 714: 713: 709: 708: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 649: 648: 647: 644: 641: 640: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 611: 610: 609: 606: 603: 602: 599: 598: 595:Poetry genres 594: 593: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 569: 566: 564: 561: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 541: 537: 534: 532: 529: 528: 527: 524: 523: 522: 521: 518: 515: 514: 509: 506: 504: 501: 497: 494: 492: 489: 487: 484: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 446:coming-of-age 444: 442: 439: 438: 437: 434: 432: 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 418: 417: 416: 413: 410: 409: 406: 405: 401: 400: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 376: 375:Flash fiction 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 351: 348: 347: 346: 345: 341: 340: 335: 331: 328: 326: 323: 321: 318: 317: 316: 315: 311: 310: 305: 302: 300: 297: 293: 290: 289: 288: 285: 283: 280: 276: 273: 271: 268: 267: 266: 263: 259: 256: 255: 254: 251: 250: 249: 248: 244: 243: 238: 235: 231: 228: 226: 223: 222: 221: 218: 216: 213: 209: 206: 204: 201: 199: 196: 194: 191: 189: 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 170: 169: 166: 165: 164: 163: 160: 157: 156: 152: 148: 147: 144: 141: 140: 131: 125: 116: 110: 99: 93: 84: 83: 78: 77: 72: 66: 55: 51: 44: 40: 33: 19: 11020:Western Bloc 10820:AUSCANNZUKUS 10776:Contemporary 10725:Human rights 10571:Latin Church 10545:Christianity 10495: 10454:Conservatism 10299:contemporary 10174: 10136:Architecture 10072:World War II 10032:Emancipation 10027:Abolitionism 9915:Romanization 9910:Roman legacy 9891:Roman Empire 9798: 9762:Philistinism 9757:Antihumanism 9711: 9683: 9669:Nova Religio 9636: 9554: 9534:Hermeneutics 9489: 9482: 9315: 9306:Anthropology 9190:Institutions 9054:Leptis Magna 9007:Major cities 8914:Philostratus 8701:Quadrigarius 8521:Rufus Festus 8384:Contemporary 8105:Romanization 8028:Architecture 7635:Collegiality 7484:Constitution 7335:Ancient Rome 7088:Dionysopolis 7058:Abonoteichos 7010:Pantikapaion 6600:Hybla Heraea 5936:Architecture 5892:Prostitution 5581:Aristophanes 5440:Philosophers 5410:Philosophers 5242:Spartan army 4973:(280–146 BC) 4961:(338–322 BC) 4955:(370–168 BC) 4943:(374–196 BC) 4937:(378–355 BC) 4919:(430–348 BC) 4913:(478–404 BC) 4907:(499–449 BC) 4594:Peloponnesus 4516:Roman Greece 4352:Online books 4342: 4313: 4294: 4273: 4241: 4211: 4177: 4158: 4133: 4110: 4078: 4059: 4040: 4012: 3980: 3961: 3935: 3926: 3913: 3904: 3879: 3857:(1): 77–85. 3854: 3850: 3841: 3837: 3828: 3808: 3798: 3794: 3761: 3757: 3748: 3739: 3714: 3710: 3684: 3680: 3671: 3662: 3653: 3640: 3623: 3613: 3579: 3575: 3551:. Retrieved 3544:the original 3535: 3525: 3521: 3512: 3508: 3481: 3476:, p. 26 3469: 3457: 3445: 3433: 3421: 3409: 3397: 3385: 3373: 3361: 3356:, p. 79 3349: 3344:, p. 46 3337: 3332:, p. 44 3325: 3320:, p. 31 3313: 3308:, p. 28 3301: 3289: 3284:, p. 10 3277: 3272:, p. 11 3265: 3256: 3249:Handley 1985 3244: 3237:Handley 1985 3215: 3188: 3183:, p. 45 3176: 3171:, p. 43 3164: 3159:, p. 47 3152: 3145:Shapiro 2007 3140: 3133:Shapiro 2007 3128: 3123:, p. 45 3116: 3104: 3067:, p. 13 3060: 3048: 3036: 3009: 2998:. Retrieved 2980: 2970: 2958: 2946: 2934: 2922: 2915:Renfrew 1980 2910: 2903:Renfrew 1980 2883: 2871: 2859: 2847: 2835: 2823: 2811: 2799: 2788: 2779: 2773:. Retrieved 2769: 2759: 2748: 2737:. Retrieved 2734:The Guardian 2733: 2723: 2712:. Retrieved 2709:The Guardian 2708: 2698: 2687: 2682:, p. 85 2652:, p. 83 2635:, p. 81 2617: 2609: 2597: 2589: 2584: 2579:, p. 79 2572: 2567:, p. 69 2560: 2537: 2533: 2528: 2523:, p. 65 2516: 2511:, p. 57 2477: 2442:, p. 22 2416: 2411:, p. 21 2396:, p. 19 2389: 2381: 2376: 2371:, p. 17 2285: 2270: 2266: 2260:is notable. 2246:Modern Greek 2237: 2234: 2201: 2189: 2118: 2099:Vulgar Latin 2072: 2042:Ancient Rome 2015: 1968: 1933: 1929: 1918: 1880: 1877:Aristophanes 1874: 1859: 1851:The Persians 1849: 1835: 1823: 1817: 1807: 1792: 1767: 1733: 1702: 1672: 1665: 1646: 1641: 1637: 1627: 1608:Roman Empire 1592: 1577: 1557: 1539: 1511:Arthur Evans 1491:Schliemann's 1488: 1468: 1445: 1420: 1411: 1405: 1365: 1346: 1344: 1336: 1304: 1279: 1272: 1269:19th century 1259:Rugby School 1251:G.E. Lessing 1244: 1235: 1184: 1160: 1137: 1130: 1104:Attic Nights 1103: 1096:ancient Rome 1085: 1075: 1073: 1049: 1037:anthropology 1001: 989: 985: 984: 812: 508:Encyclopedic 486:supernatural 402:Prose genres 258:closet drama 80: 74: 43:Classic book 10960:Open Balkan 10778:integration 10708:Rule of law 10703:Natural law 10680:Agnosticism 10658:Hellenistic 10636:Anglo-Saxon 10566:Catholicism 10505:Atlanticism 10410:Rationalism 10216:Immigration 10199:Esotericism 10057:World War I 10022:Romanticism 10002:Reformation 9982:Renaissance 9960:Middle Ages 9925:Christendom 9854:Foundations 9611:Work of art 9579:Metaphysics 9540:Historicism 9385:Visual arts 9311:Archaeology 9299:Disciplines 9185:Geographers 8869:Dioscorides 8849:Cassius Dio 8471:Cassiodorus 8374:Renaissance 7980:Agriculture 7952:Auxiliaries 7893:Engineering 7730:Magistrates 7582:Citizenship 7577:Mos maiorum 7512:Late Empire 7236:Place names 7148:Salmydessus 6970:Kalos Limen 6950:Chersonesus 6940:Borysthenes 6645:Tauromenion 6457:Metapontion 6219:Proto-Greek 6172:Erechtheion 6167:Athena Nike 6129:Philippeion 5958:Mathematics 5929:and science 5812:Agriculture 5676:Stesichorus 5586:Bacchylides 5576:Archilochus 5463:Antisthenes 5453:Anaximander 5425:Seven Sages 5415:Playwrights 5395:Geographers 5390:Astronomers 5217:Pezhetairos 4844: 1100 4824:Federations 4723:Megalopolis 4660:City states 4635:City states 3923:Gould, John 3702:"Philology" 3500:Works cited 3462:Ostler 2009 3450:Ostler 2009 3438:Ostler 2009 3426:Ostler 2009 3147:, p. 2 3135:, p. 3 3082:, p. 2 3065:Bulwer 2005 2929:, p. 5 2804:Shorey 1906 2793:Mackay 1997 2665:Rommel 2001 2614:Becker 2001 2602:Becker 2001 2421:Sandys 1921 2282:James Joyce 2022:metaphysics 1810:epic poetry 1764:Koine Greek 1679:T. S. Eliot 1554:Art history 1548:Art history 1475:Herculaneum 1451:Archaeology 1373:Middle East 1187:Renaissance 1181:Renaissance 1140:Roger Bacon 1133:Middle Ages 1119:Middle Ages 1108:proletarius 1033:archaeology 1022:Greco-Roman 913:Composition 790:Tragicomedy 629:Verse novel 517:Non-fiction 421:Speculative 360:Short story 230:spoken word 220:Performance 193:heroic epic 11061:Humanities 11045:Categories 10980:Rio Treaty 10491:Relativism 10449:Liberalism 10415:Empiricism 10367:Philosophy 10355:Secularism 10306:Philosophy 10243:Literature 10037:Capitalism 9572:Quadrivium 9497:Creativity 9463:Aesthetics 9390:Filmmaking 9375:Philosophy 9331:Literature 9292:Humanities 9074:Mediolanum 9014:Alexandria 8979:Themistius 8944:Porphyrius 8771:Tertullian 8706:Quintilian 8696:Propertius 8591:Lactantius 8541:Fulgentius 8476:Censorinus 8298:Sanitation 8283:Metallurgy 8240:Technology 8205:Demography 8153:Patricians 8120:Spectacles 8078:Literature 8073:Hairstyles 7910:Technology 7660:Praefectus 7612:Government 7602:Litigation 7587:Auctoritas 7532:Centuriate 7419:Principate 7414:Pax Romana 7374:Foundation 7138:Polemonion 7015:Phanagoria 6985:Kimmerikon 6980:Kerkinitis 6965:Hermonassa 6955:Dioscurias 6851:Aspalathos 6798:Kalathousa 6773:Akra Leuke 6702:Phoenicusa 6487:Scylletium 6472:Poseidonia 6392:Brentesion 6279:Pamphylian 6274:Macedonian 6192:Samothrace 6177:Hephaestus 6124:Long Walls 6103:Structures 6044:Underworld 5990:Technology 5953:Literature 5887:Philosophy 5852:Euergetism 5741:By culture 5686:Thucydides 5528:Pythagoras 5523:Protagoras 5513:Parmenides 5498:Heraclitus 5483:Empedocles 5473:Democritus 5458:Anaximenes 5448:Anaxagoras 5400:Historians 4893: 595 4880: 550 4861: 800 4846: – c. 4774:Cappadocia 4579:Ionian Sea 4569:Hellespont 4534:Aegean Sea 4262:Philosophy 4202:Literature 3553:2016-05-19 3414:Grant 1978 3402:Grant 1978 3390:Grant 1978 3378:Grant 1978 3366:Grant 1978 3354:Grant 1978 3342:Grant 1978 3330:Grant 1978 3318:Grant 1978 3306:Grant 1978 3294:Grant 1978 3282:Grant 1978 3270:Grant 1978 3121:Eliot 1920 3000:2016-07-16 2963:Dyson 1993 2951:Dyson 1993 2939:Stray 2010 2927:Stray 2010 2888:Dyson 1993 2775:2021-10-02 2753:Balbo 2009 2739:2018-08-02 2714:2018-08-02 2680:Stray 1996 2650:Stray 1996 2633:Stray 1996 2577:Stray 1996 2384:, 19.8.15. 2347:References 2166:Tertullian 2162:Lactantius 2109:Literature 2091:Late Latin 2011:Epicureans 1979:Heraclitus 1975:Pythagoras 1947:Philosophy 1899:New Comedy 1891:Old Comedy 1882:Acharnians 1848:' tragedy 1798:Literature 1787: 3rd 1780: 5th 1773: 8th 1711:after the 1630:philosophy 1618:Philosophy 1600:city-state 1569:Corinthian 1537:in 1900). 1283:scientific 1222:Protestant 1175:Quintilian 1092:Patricians 1064:humanities 1025:philosophy 828:Postmodern 763:historical 702:Villanelle 583:Travelogue 578:Persuasive 558:Journalism 536:philosophy 503:Historical 471:paranormal 431:Children's 304:Electronic 178:fairy tale 143:Literature 50:Classicism 10925:Five Eyes 10920:EU–UK TCA 10762:Democracy 10651:Old Norse 10540:Abrahamic 10497:Peritrope 10479:Tolerance 10459:Socialism 10289:Mythology 10277:Classical 10226:Languages 10204:Astrology 10052:Modernism 9866:Old World 9644:Humanitas 9556:Humanitas 9545:Historism 9507:Criticism 9400:Sculpture 9230:Quaestors 9160:Empresses 9150:Dynasties 9140:Dictators 9115:and other 9104:Volubilis 9099:Vindobona 9059:Londinium 8984:Theodoret 8954:Procopius 8934:Polyaenus 8909:Pausanias 8811:Vitruvius 8756:Symmachus 8751:Suetonius 8661:Petronius 8646:Obsequens 8611:Macrobius 8606:Lucretius 8531:Frontinus 8506:Eutropius 8491:Columella 8441:Augustine 8431:Appuleius 8379:Neo-Latin 8354:Classical 8345:Versions 8253:Aqueducts 8195:Patronage 8115:Sexuality 8088:Mythology 8063:Education 8053:Cosmetics 7878:Campaigns 7873:Structure 7826:Decemviri 7685:Imperator 7384:overthrow 7224:in Epirus 7173:Trapezous 7118:Mesambria 7103:Eupatoria 7073:Apollonia 7068:Anchialos 7030:Theodosia 7000:Nymphaion 6990:Myrmekion 6960:Gorgippia 6916:Black Sea 6901:Tragurion 6886:Nymphaion 6871:Epidauros 6866:Epidamnos 6856:Apollonia 6833:Zacynthos 6755:Ptolemais 6749:Apollonia 6722:Cyrenaica 6712:Therassía 6707:Strongyle 6687:Ereikousa 6610:Leontinoi 6550:Apollonia 6427:Hipponion 6224:Mycenaean 6187:Parthenon 6119:Lion Gate 6022:Mythology 5985:Sculpture 5948:Astronomy 5882:Pederasty 5857:Festivals 5842:Education 5722:Lawgivers 5691:Timocreon 5671:Sophocles 5666:Simonides 5641:Philocles 5636:Panyassis 5631:Mimnermus 5596:Herodotus 5591:Euripides 5561:Aeschylus 5508:Leucippus 5468:Aristotle 5247:Strategos 5113:Synedrion 5067:Ostracism 5047:Areopagus 4999:Free city 4794:Macedonia 4678:Byzantion 4584:Macedonia 4549:Cyrenaica 4526:Geography 4460:Geography 4232:Philology 4013:Greek Art 3896:162987340 3871:144110386 3786:162343789 3604:193119611 3181:Kirk 1985 3169:Kirk 1985 3157:Kirk 1985 3053:Mann 1996 3041:Mann 1996 3029:Mann 1996 3014:West 2001 2876:Mann 1996 2864:Mann 1996 2852:Mann 1996 2840:Mann 1996 2828:Mann 1996 2816:Mann 1996 2692:Cook 2003 2352:Citations 2158:Lucretius 2083:Old Latin 1991:Aristotle 1941:Platonism 1866:Euripides 1856:Sophocles 1846:Aeschylus 1836:European 1612:Etruscans 1573:Parthenon 1529:in 1886, 1525:in 1881, 1413:Philology 1385:Philology 1379:Philology 1311:Cambridge 1287:philology 1203:Boccaccio 1167:Lucretius 1102:, in his 1087:classicus 1083:adjective 1074:The word 1070:Etymology 1045:mythology 996:. In the 923:Narrative 908:Magazines 903:Sociology 894:criticism 864:Movements 823:Modernist 813:Classical 605:Narrative 441:adventure 385:Religious 355:Novelette 320:Anthology 275:narrative 225:audiobook 183:folk play 115:Aristotle 10985:Schengen 10915:Eurozone 10755:Property 10750:Religion 10641:Frankish 10631:Germanic 10611:Paganism 10532:Religion 10520:European 10432:Humanism 10335:Religion 10294:Painting 10260:Internet 10211:Folklore 10182:Clothing 10153:Calendar 10129:Cyrillic 10114:Alphabet 10077:Cold War 9695:Academia 9664:Leonardo 9632:Daedalus 9620:Journals 9584:Ontology 9473:The arts 9395:Painting 9341:Rhetoric 9235:Tribunes 9225:Praetors 9175:Generals 9155:Emperors 9064:Lugdunum 9049:Eboracum 9039:Carthage 9024:Aquileia 8939:Polybius 8929:Plutarch 8899:Libanius 8889:Josephus 8884:Herodian 8776:Tibullus 8691:Priscian 8666:Phaedrus 8626:Manilius 8571:Jordanes 8556:Hydatius 8486:Claudian 8466:Catullus 8456:Boëthius 8451:Ausonius 8369:Medieval 8341:Alphabet 8313:Theatres 8288:Numerals 8273:Concrete 8263:Circuses 8230:Bagaudae 8220:Adoption 8215:Marriage 8188:Assembly 8093:Religion 8068:Folklore 8048:Clothing 8043:Calendar 8000:Currency 7990:Commerce 7888:Strategy 7850:Military 7836:Triumvir 7816:Dictator 7811:Interrex 7790:Governor 7775:Quaestor 7738:Ordinary 7720:Province 7710:Tetrarch 7700:Augustus 7665:Vicarius 7655:Officium 7592:Imperium 7542:Plebeian 7502:Republic 7424:Dominate 7391:Republic 7352:Timeline 7273:Category 7251:Theatres 7178:Tripolis 7113:Kerasous 7108:Heraclea 7040:Tyritake 6995:Nikonion 6906:Thronion 6828:Salauris 6783:Emporion 6740:Berenice 6730:Balagrae 6682:Euonymos 6655:Tyndaris 6640:Syracuse 6635:Selinous 6605:Kamarina 6560:Casmenae 6545:Akrillai 6462:Neápolis 6397:Caulonia 6378:Mainland 6309:Linear B 6304:Linear A 6234:Dialects 6211:Language 6005:Religion 5963:Medicine 5897:Religion 5862:Folklore 5847:Emporium 5822:Clothing 5817:Calendar 5701:Xenophon 5696:Tyrtaeus 5681:Theognis 5656:Polybius 5651:Plutarch 5626:Menander 5606:Hipponax 5533:Socrates 5488:Epicurus 5334:Diadochi 5232:Sciritae 5192:Hetairoi 5167:Ballista 5132:Military 5095:Gerousia 5085:Ekklesia 5052:Ecclesia 5034:Athenian 4982:Politics 4895:–279 BC) 4882:–366 BC) 4863:–389 BC) 4799:Pergamon 4769:Bithynia 4762:Kingdoms 4703:Pergamon 4645:Military 4640:Politics 4437:Timeline 4343:Classics 3639:(eds.). 2294:See also 2250:dialects 2248:and its 2221:Hannibal 2208:Tusculum 2051:Language 2026:ontology 1983:Socrates 1937:Stoicism 1895:Menander 1887:Dionysia 1742:Language 1638:Rhetoric 1473:work on 1429:humanist 1338:Guardian 1324:A-Levels 1211:humanist 1199:Petrarch 1163:Catullus 1076:classics 1002:classics 986:Classics 918:Language 849:Glossary 818:Medieval 753:Libretto 682:Limerick 634:National 624:Dramatic 614:Children 543:Anecdote 526:Academic 466:military 287:Nonsense 188:folksong 168:Folklore 54:Classism 10830:Benelux 10735:Thought 10685:Atheism 10626:Finnish 10602:Culture 10597:Judaism 10559:Eastern 10555:Western 10550:Culture 10484:Paradox 10350:Decline 10311:Science 10187:History 10175:Studies 10158:Cuisine 10146:Periods 10106:Culture 9935:History 9901:Eastern 9896:Western 9847:culture 9750:Related 9685:more... 9567:Trivium 9517:Culture 9491:Bildung 9433:Medical 9418:Digital 9368:Theatre 9321:History 9205:Legions 9165:Fiction 9135:Consuls 9130:Climate 9084:Ravenna 9079:Pompeii 9069:Lutetia 9034:Bononia 9029:Berytus 9019:Antioch 8994:Zosimus 8989:Zonaras 8964:Sozomen 8949:Priscus 8924:Photius 8766:Terence 8761:Tacitus 8746:Statius 8731:Servius 8716:Sallust 8671:Plautus 8651:Orosius 8631:Martial 8586:Juvenal 8561:Hyginus 8546:Gellius 8405:Writers 8336:History 8318:Thermae 8308:Temples 8258:Bridges 8225:Slavery 8173:Equites 8145:Society 8125:Theatre 8098:Deities 8058:Cuisine 8038:Bathing 8020:Culture 7995:Finance 7972:Economy 7863:Borders 7858:History 7760:Tribune 7755:Praetor 7645:Legatus 7640:Emperor 7527:Curiate 7497:Kingdom 7492:History 7468:History 7451:decline 7409:History 7379:Kingdom 7362:History 7347:Outline 7293:Outline 7246:Temples 7183:Zaliche 7163:Thèrmae 7153:Sesamus 7123:Odessos 7098:Cytorus 7093:Cotyora 6843:Illyria 6808:Mainake 6803:Kypsela 6692:Hycesia 6650:Thermae 6630:Segesta 6620:Messana 6575:Helorus 6555:Calacte 6535:Akragas 6497:Sybaris 6482:Rhegion 6437:Krimisa 6387:Alision 6296:Writing 6269:Locrian 6259:Epirote 6229:Homeric 6162:Artemis 6149:Temples 6090:Olympia 6060:Eleusis 5995:Theatre 5980:Pottery 5907:Warfare 5902:Slavery 5837:Economy 5832:Cuisine 5827:Coinage 5804:Society 5789:Culture 5784:Society 5732:Tyrants 5571:Alcaeus 5553:Authors 5503:Hypatia 5493:Gorgias 5430:Writers 5252:Toxotai 5222:Sarissa 5212:Peltast 5207:Phalanx 5187:Hoplite 5182:Hippeis 5105:Macedon 5077:Spartan 5062:Heliaia 5009:Proxeny 4718:Larissa 4713:Kerkyra 4708:Eretria 4698:Miletus 4693:Ephesus 4688:Corinth 4683:Chalcis 4604:Taurica 4474:Periods 4455:History 4390:website 4381:website 3952:General 3731:2505360 3681:Minerva 3495:Sources 2287:Ulysses 2277:British 2273:Spanish 2180:History 2170:Ambrose 2146:Tacitus 2126:Terence 2122:Plautus 1861:Bacchae 1842:Thespis 1825:Odyssey 1648:calls " 1642:Poetics 1583:Phidias 1515:Knossos 1503:Olympia 1499:Mycenae 1415:is the 1335:of the 1218:Jesuits 1209:. This 1131:In the 1114:History 1029:history 859:Writers 844:Outline 808:Ancient 799:History 785:Tragedy 662:Epigram 548:Epistle 531:history 491:western 476:romance 461:fantasy 426:Realist 412:Fiction 380:Parable 365:Drabble 350:Novella 334:romance 299:Ergodic 215:Oration 208:proverb 82:Odyssey 10850:CANZUK 10740:Speech 10668:Slavic 10646:Gothic 10621:Celtic 10616:Baltic 10515:Values 10316:Values 9876:Greece 9606:Wisdom 9538: 9478:Beauty 9451:Themes 9438:Public 9428:Health 9336:Poetry 9215:Nomina 9200:Legacy 9180:Gentes 9117:topics 9113:Lists 9094:Smyrna 8974:Strabo 8904:Lucian 8894:Julian 8844:Arrian 8839:Appian 8829:Aelian 8806:Vergil 8581:Justin 8566:Jerome 8551:Horace 8536:Fronto 8526:Florus 8501:Ennius 8481:Cicero 8461:Caesar 8359:Vulgar 8183:Tribes 8110:Romans 7920:Legion 7903:castra 7780:Aedile 7750:Censor 7745:Consul 7705:Caesar 7675:Lictor 7597:Status 7537:Tribal 7517:Senate 7507:Empire 7401:Empire 7337:topics 7283:Portal 7231:People 7219:Cities 7158:Sinope 7143:Rhizos 7133:Phasis 7083:Bathus 7078:Athina 7063:Amisos 7025:Tanais 7020:Pityus 6945:Charax 6896:Pharos 6891:Orikon 6788:Helike 6778:Alonis 6745:Cyrene 6677:Didyme 6590:Himera 6565:Catana 6527:Sicily 6517:Thurii 6512:Terina 6477:Pixous 6432:Hydrus 6407:Croton 6239:Aeolic 6157:Aphaea 6080:Dodona 6065:Delphi 6034:Temple 5710:Others 5661:Sappho 5646:Pindar 5621:Lucian 5616:Ibycus 5601:Hesiod 5538:Thales 5306:Rulers 5285:People 5262:Xyston 5257:Xiphos 5118:Koinon 5024:Tyrant 5014:Stasis 5004:Koinon 4804:Pontus 4779:Epirus 4748:Sparta 4738:Rhodes 4733:Megara 4728:Thebes 4673:Athens 4599:Pontus 4564:Epirus 4554:Cyprus 4539:Aeolis 4340:about 4320: 4301: 4282: 4248: 4218: 4188: 4165: 4146: 4119: 4085: 4066: 4047: 4021: 3987: 3968: 3894: 3869: 3816: 3784: 3778:504703 3776: 3729: 3602: 3596:505656 3594: 2991: 2225:Cannae 2197:Latium 2150:Cicero 2136:, and 2134:Horace 2130:Virgil 2028:, and 2018:ethics 2009:, and 2007:Stoics 2003:Cynics 1999:Lyceum 1989:, and 1925:heroes 1762:, and 1697:, and 1604:Athens 1596:Sparta 1571:. The 1567:, and 1509:; and 1484:Greats 1433:Cicero 1369:Africa 1307:Oxford 1148:Hesiod 933:Estate 890:Theory 879:poetry 869:Cycles 780:Script 775:Satire 748:Comedy 697:Sonnet 692:Qasida 667:Ghazal 652:Ballad 573:Nature 563:Letter 496:horror 456:erotic 390:Wisdom 370:Sketch 325:Serial 265:Poetry 237:Saying 198:legend 130:Virgil 98:Cicero 11005:USMCA 10860:CEFTA 10815:AUKUS 10805:ANZUS 10800:ANZUK 10745:Press 10663:Roman 10328:Sport 10272:Chant 10267:Music 10255:Media 10248:Canon 10194:Dance 10124:Latin 10119:Greek 9965:early 9363:Music 9358:Dance 8879:Galen 8821:Greek 8791:Varro 8601:Lucan 8413:Latin 8328:Latin 8303:Ships 8293:Roads 8278:Domes 8210:Women 8158:Plebs 8083:Music 7625:Forum 7620:Curia 7241:Stoae 7209:Lists 7128:Oinòe 7051:coast 7049:South 7035:Tyras 7005:Olbia 6975:Kepoi 6928:coast 6926:North 6919:basin 6861:Aulon 6823:Rhode 6735:Barca 6625:Naxos 6580:Henna 6540:Akrai 6507:Taras 6492:Siris 6452:Medma 6447:Locri 6412:Cumae 6402:Chone 6380:Italy 6286:Koine 6264:Ionic 6254:Doric 6249:Attic 6070:Delos 5968:Music 5611:Homer 5566:Aesop 5518:Plato 5420:Poets 5090:Ephor 5042:Agora 5019:Tagus 4994:Boule 4743:Samos 4668:Argos 4574:Ionia 4559:Doris 4544:Crete 3892:S2CID 3867:S2CID 3782:S2CID 3774:JSTOR 3727:JSTOR 3600:S2CID 3592:JSTOR 3547:(PDF) 3540:(PDF) 2258:Greek 2254:Latin 2057:Latin 2030:logic 1987:Plato 1838:drama 1819:Iliad 1814:Homer 1721:first 1565:Ionic 1561:Doric 1507:Delos 1427:, as 1356:Latin 1328:GCSEs 1191:Latin 1080:Latin 1060:Roman 1056:Greek 1018:Latin 854:Books 768:moral 728:Poets 710:Lists 672:Haiku 657:Elegy 643:Lyric 553:Essay 451:crime 436:Genre 330:Novel 292:verse 282:Prose 270:lyric 253:Drama 173:fable 76:Iliad 71:Homer 10965:OSCE 10945:NATO 10890:EFTA 10855:CBSS 10840:BSEC 10730:Life 10282:Folk 10163:Diet 9975:late 9970:high 9886:Rome 9845:and 9522:High 9195:Laws 9170:Film 9089:Roma 8656:Ovid 8596:Livy 8364:Late 8178:Gens 8135:Wine 7947:Navy 7915:Army 7554:SPQR 7456:fall 7434:fall 7168:Tium 6935:Akra 6876:Issa 6570:Gela 6442:Laüs 6417:Elea 6075:Dion 5927:Arts 5917:Wine 5543:Zeno 5140:Wars 4318:ISBN 4299:ISBN 4280:ISBN 4246:ISBN 4216:ISBN 4186:ISBN 4163:ISBN 4144:ISBN 4117:ISBN 4083:ISBN 4064:ISBN 4045:ISBN 4019:ISBN 3985:ISBN 3966:ISBN 3844:(6). 3814:ISBN 3528:(3). 2989:ISBN 2275:and 2256:and 2168:and 2156:and 2144:and 2138:Ovid 2124:and 2065:The 2044:and 1977:and 1923:and 1921:gods 1913:and 1822:and 1723:and 1640:and 1505:and 1497:and 1495:Troy 1326:and 1309:and 1293:and 1185:The 1058:and 1016:and 1008:and 928:Feud 892:and 758:Play 718:Epic 677:Hymn 619:Epic 568:Life 203:myth 79:and 10955:OAS 10900:ESA 10895:EPC 10885:EEA 10790:AER 10695:Law 10673:Neo 10221:Law 10141:Art 9348:Law 8349:Old 8033:Art 7806:Rex 7650:Dux 7564:Law 5872:Law 3884:doi 3859:doi 3766:doi 3719:doi 3689:doi 3584:doi 3511:". 2536:in 2284:'s 1864:of 1816:'s 1320:AQA 1050:In 1041:art 988:or 687:Ode 11047:: 10930:G7 10905:EU 4890:c. 4877:c. 4858:c. 4841:c. 4184:. 4142:. 3890:. 3882:. 3865:. 3853:. 3840:. 3799:26 3797:. 3780:. 3772:. 3762:84 3760:. 3725:. 3715:35 3713:. 3685:16 3683:. 3635:; 3598:. 3590:. 3580:97 3578:. 3574:. 3526:96 3524:. 3227:^ 3200:^ 3087:^ 3072:^ 3021:^ 2987:. 2979:. 2895:^ 2778:. 2768:. 2732:. 2707:. 2672:^ 2657:^ 2640:^ 2625:^ 2545:^ 2501:^ 2486:^ 2462:^ 2447:^ 2428:^ 2401:^ 2359:^ 2164:, 2132:, 2105:. 2024:, 2020:, 2005:, 1901:. 1879:' 1812:. 1784:c. 1777:c. 1770:c. 1758:, 1731:. 1693:, 1614:. 1585:. 1563:, 1443:. 1375:. 1358:. 1043:, 1039:, 1035:, 1031:, 1027:, 1000:, 10557:/ 9835:e 9828:t 9821:v 9284:e 9277:t 9270:v 7327:e 7320:t 7313:v 6751:) 6747:( 4888:( 4875:( 4856:( 4850:) 4839:( 4826:/ 4418:e 4411:t 4404:v 4326:. 4307:. 4288:. 4254:. 4224:. 4194:. 4171:. 4152:. 4125:. 4091:. 4072:. 4053:. 4027:. 3993:. 3974:. 3898:. 3886:: 3873:. 3861:: 3855:3 3842:1 3822:. 3801:. 3788:. 3768:: 3733:. 3721:: 3704:. 3695:. 3691:: 3647:. 3606:. 3586:: 3565:. 3556:. 3515:. 2742:. 2717:. 1965:. 1393:. 974:e 967:t 960:v 332:/ 85:. 56:. 45:. 34:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index