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494:, in August 1925 and was in command of the Scoring Detachment at the National Rifle Matches. He was subsequently ordered to the Field Officers' Course at the Marine Corps Schools, Quantico and graduated in May 1926. His next assignment took him back to Washington, D.C. where he was attached to the Office of
778:
had not infiltrated the Navajo as they were the only "tribe that has not been infested with German students during the past twenty years. These
Germans, studying the various tribal dialects under the guise of art students, anthropologists, etc., have undoubtedly obtained a good working knowledge of
770:
On
February 28, 1942, General Vogel tested the idea of the Navajo code talkers by "installing a telephone connection between two offices and wrote out six messages that were typical of those sent during combat. One of those messages read "Enemy expected to make tank and dive bomber attack at dawn."
563:. He was promoted to the temporary rank of brigadier general in March 1937 and succeeded retiring general Porter as Adjutant and Inspector General of the Marine Corps. While in this capacity, Vogel toured many bases across the Pacific and Caribbean and during his inspection at Marine Barracks at
539:
He succeeded
Williams as commandant of the Garde d'Haiti in June 1933 and was made acting major general in the Haitian Constabulary. Vogel held this office until the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Haiti in August 1934 and was awarded a special letter of commendation by the
795:
and was an hereditary
Companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. He was active within the Loyal Legion until his death and served as the Legion's Commander-in-Chief in 1964. He was also president of the Valley Forge Chapter of the
578:
Holcomb planned to bring the brigade up to the fine standard of landing operation expertise now found in the 1st Marine
Brigade and thought Vogel would fit the job. Vogel was appointed to the permanent rank of brigadier general in February 1939 and succeeded
532:, Virginia. He remained there until November of that year and subsequently sailed for his second tour of duty in Haiti. Vogel arrived at Port-au-Prince and assumed duty as chief of staff to the commandant of the Garde d'Haïti, Colonel
470:
as officer in charge of local recruiting district. He was transferred to Marine
Barracks, Washington, D.C., in December 1920 and commanded the barracks until summer 1923. Vogel also commanded his marines during the rescue works at the
351:, in order to protect American interests during internal disorder on the island. Vogel returned to the United States in June 1911, and following the disbandment of the regiment he assumed prestigious duty as a special aide at the
720:. This forced him to make every inspection tour between his units in the Pacific area only by ship, which was impractical at that time. Commandant Holcomb relieved Vogel and sent him back to the United States in August 1943.
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The Navajo managed to transmit the message almost verbatim: "Enemy tank dive bomber expected to attack this morning." The remaining messages were translated with similar proficiency, which duly impressed
General Vogel.
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1402:
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709:. The landing forces would come primarily from South Pacific's Army contingent. Vogel did not meet expectations of Admiral Halsey, who considered Vogel too lenient in the planning and asked Commandant
1692:
663:. He oversaw the formation of the division and its initial training and was promoted to the rank of major general in May 1942. Vogel held that assignment until he was succeeded by Major General
343:
Following his return to the United States in March 1910, Vogel again served at the Port Royal
Officers' School, until being reassigned to the 2nd Marine Regiment in January 1911 and ordered to
705:. The operational discussions did not go well for Vogel and his staff, which turned in pessimistic (though realistic) estimates of the ground forces necessary to isolate, then capture
774:
On 6 March 1942, General Vogel wrote a letter to the
Commandant of the Marine Corps Thomas Holcomb recommending the Navajo Code Talkers. The Navajo were recommended, in part, because
694:, and Vogel held administrative responsibility for all Marine forces in the Southwest Pacific area, including all logistical and personnel matters affecting combat operations.
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on the northern coast of Cuba and helped quell the revolt. Vogel came back to the United States in August 1912 and joined the Marine detachment aboard the battleship
1757:
1490:
682:, it was re-designated Amphibious Corps, Pacific Fleet and began with the preparation for combat deployment. The Amphibious Corps, Pacific Fleet was re-designated
1747:
260:
533:
424:
In
December 1918, following the end of the Great War, Vogel returned to the United States. He reverted to his permanent rank of captain and was assigned to
727:, San Diego Area, with headquarters at Camp Elliott. His new command was responsible for training Marines for combat and encompassed the newly established
580:
392:
Vogel was promoted to the rank of captain in February 1915 and returned to the United States in December for assignment to the Marine barracks at the
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1762:
1722:
815:
They had together three daughters: Margaret, Julia and Mary B. All married Marine corps officers: Julia married future marine major general
762:. He was responsible for the recruit training on the East Coast until his retirement on February 1, 1946, after 42 years of active service.
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in October 1942 and Vogel sailed with that organization to the South Pacific area during the same month. His headquarters was stationed at
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In this capacity, he was responsible for the preparation of Marines and other units for amphibious operations, but following the Japanese
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147:
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Lieutenant Colonel Vogel was ordered to the United States in June 1930 and was appointed commanding officer of Marine barracks at
274:. He entered Marine Corps service and was commissioned a second lieutenant on August 4, 1904. He was subsequently ordered to the
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in August, and then Peking one month later. In February 1908, while stationed in China, he was promoted to first lieutenant.
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and Margaret married future marine Colonel Edward W. Durant Jr. and Mary B. married future marine colonel Harry D. Wortman.
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for basic officer training, which he completed in early November, 1905. He was then attached to the Marine barracks at
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244:, the son of Theodore Knight and Clayonia Woods Vogel. Clayton was influenced by his father, who was a veteran of the
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was decommissioned in November 1919, and Vogel was promoted to the permanent rank of major and ordered to his native
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758:, in May 1944 and appointed commanding general of that facility as a substitute for retiring Major General
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in Washington, D.C., and assumed duty in the Adjutant and Inspector's Department under Brigadier General
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in December 1941 and assumed command of newly formed 2nd Joint Training Force, consisting of the Army's
552:, Haitian Distinguished Service Medal, Haitian Military Medal and Haitian Brevet of Merit with Diploma.
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Vogel returned to the United States in February 1909 and was posted to the Marine Officers' School at
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During the spring of 1943, Vogel received orders from Commander-in-Chief, South Pacific Area admiral
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General Vogel decorates Navy Corpsman Delbert E. Eilers with Silver Star for his bravery during the
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who served in a variety of capacities from 1902 until 1946. He is best known for his support of the
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and received Nicaraguan Presidential Medal of Merit with Diploma for service in that capacity.
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548:. While in this capacity, Vogel was also decorated by the Government of Haiti and received
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Upon his return to the United States, Vogel was attached as newly promoted colonel to the
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1351:"General Vogel Takes Over As New Area Commander – Marine Corps Chevron, 2 October 1943"
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1377:"General Vogel New San Diego Area Commander – Marine Corps Chevron, 11 September 1943"
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502:. While on duty in Washington, Vogel graduated from the postgraduate course in law at
332:, attached to the 1st Marine Expeditionary Brigade. Vogel subsequently sailed for the
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1403:"Maj. Gen. Vogel To Take Parris Island Command – Marine Corps Chevron, 8 April 1944"
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for service with a detachment of Marines being organized for duty at the American
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432:. From June to September 1919 he participated in the National Rifle Matches at
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1491:"Betrothal announced – Coronado Eagle and Journal, Number 35, 28 August 1941"
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in command of 2nd Marine Brigade in San Diego during September of that year.
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324:. He completed this duty in December of that year and was assigned to the
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In May 1912, revolt again flared in Cuba, and Vogel was re-posted to the
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in May 1929 and assumed duty as chief of staff to the commandant of the
521:. He served in that country during the combats with rebel forces under
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20th Anniversary of 2nd Marine Division, 1961; from left to right: BG
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and was also promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in July 1928.
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and served in this capacity until June 1906. He was then ordered to
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1253:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 192.
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one month later. While aboard the ship, Vogel participated in the
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from the 2nd Marine Brigade at the beginning of February 1941 at
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800:. Major General Clayton B. Vogel died on November 26, 1964, in
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He left Washington, D.C., in July 1923 and joined the staff of
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and took part in the repatriation of German prisoners of war.
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and the Training Center and Marine barracks at Camp Elliott.
416:
and was promoted to the temporary rank of major in May 1917.
397:
1322:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 192.
491:
348:
1285:"Thomas Holcomb 1879–1965 Register of His Personal Papers"
1183:"Clayton B. Vogel Papers – USMC Military History Division"
1056:
Haitian National Order of Honour and Merit, rank Commander
827:
Here is the ribbon bar of Major General Clayton B. Vogel:
550:
Haitian National Order of Honour and Merit, rank Commander
1186:
1227:"Clayton B. Vogel – The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia"
1429:"Memorandum Regarding the Enlistment of Navajo Indians"
261:
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States
723:
Upon his return, he was appointed Commanding General,
575:
about receiving of command of the 2nd Marine Brigade.
259:
Captain. His father was also a founding member of the
1409:. Marine Corps Chevron – Princeton University Library
1383:. Marine Corps Chevron – Princeton University Library
1357:. Marine Corps Chevron – Princeton University Library
404:
as an Inspector-Instructor of Haitian Constabulary –
336:, where the Marines assisted in maintaining order in
1076:
1047:
Nicaraguan Presidential Medal of Merit with Diploma
1753:
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War I
1250:
United States Marine Corps Generals of World War II
1311:
1309:
571:, in March 1939, he received word from Commandant
305:Vogel sailed for China in July 1906, arriving at
240:Clayton Vogel was born on September 18, 1882, in
1758:United States Marine Corps World War II generals
1704:
1185:. USMC Military History Division. Archived from
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1306:
220:(September 18, 1882 – November 26, 1964) was a
1748:American military personnel of the Banana Wars
716:Vogel also complicated his situation with his
486:as Fleet Marine Officer. Vogel was ordered to
27:United States Marine Corps general (1882–1964)
1107:
412:. He served in this capacity for most of the
366:. The regiment then sailed as a part of the
1668:Adjutant and Inspector of the Marine Corps
270:and graduated in the summer of 1904 with a
408:, and helped train them to combat hostile
40:
1532:Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island
752:Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island
602:
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445:
148:Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island
1733:Georgetown University Law Center alumni
1315:
14:
1763:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
1705:
1095:List of 2nd Marine Division Commanders
765:
680:United States' entry into World War II
266:Following high school, Vogel attended
1497:. Coronado Eagle and Journal Websites
1246:
1229:. The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia
1122:"Clayton B. Vogel, a Retired General"
1066:Haitian Brevet of Merit with Diploma
253:198th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry
1723:Military personnel from Philadelphia
1646:February 1, 1941 – December 7, 1941
1565:September 11, 1943 – April 20, 1944
1060:Haitian Distinguished Service Medal
779:all tribal dialects except Navajo."
1743:United States Marine Corps generals
812:, together with his wife Margaret.
530:Naval Operating Base, Hampton Roads
24:
1695:from websites or documents of the
822:
743:, the desert training center near
595:Vogel cuts a piece of cake at the
496:Judge Advocate General of the Navy
419:
25:
1774:
1407:historicperiodicals.princeton.edu
1381:historicperiodicals.princeton.edu
1355:historicperiodicals.princeton.edu
701:to do preliminary studies of the
400:in April 1916. Vogel reported to
340:during the republic's elections.
292:Marine Barracks, Washington, D.C.
1691: This article incorporates
1686:
1671:March 1, 1937 – August 10, 1939
1620:December 1941 – October 1, 1942
1079:
1017:Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal
980:Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal
963:
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735:, the Paratroop cantonment near
729:Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton
1536:May 5, 1944 – February 1, 1946
1478:Burial Detail: Vogel, Clayton B
1471:
1446:
1421:
798:Sons of the American Revolution
599:celebration in San Diego, 1943.
586:
383:American occupation of Veracruz
355:during the tenure of President
1454:"Enlistment of Navaho Indians"
1038:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
1022:American Defense Service Medal
473:Knickerbocker Theatre Disaster
368:1st Provisional Marine Brigade
89:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US
13:
1:
1738:20th-century American lawyers
1100:
782:
750:Vogel was transferred to the
671:and his 2nd Marine Division.
235:
1591:October 1, 1942 – July 1943
7:
1072:
806:Arlington National Cemetery
802:Naval Hospital Philadelphia
284:Naval Air Station Pensacola
99:Arlington National Cemetery
10:
1779:
1697:United States Marine Corps
1640:Commanding General of the
1613:Commanding General of the
1585:Commanding General of the
1558:Commanding General of the
1530:Commanding General of the
1316:Millett, Allan R. (1993).
1043:World War II Victory Medal
978:
318:Port Royal, South Carolina
222:United States Marine Corps
120:United States Marine Corps
1728:Rutgers University alumni
1673:
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1587:I Marine Amphibious Corps
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1247:Clark, George B. (2008).
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1008:World War I Victory Medal
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684:I Marine Amphibious Corps
557:Headquarters Marine Corps
515:Nicaraguan National Guard
328:under Lieutenant Colonel
224:officer with the rank of
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157:I Marine Amphibious Corps
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452:Solomon Islands Campaign
426:Marine Barracks Quantico
1063:Haitian Military Medal
1033:American Campaign Medal
519:Anastasio Somoza García
1693:public domain material
676:attack on Pearl Harbor
648:
609:Leonard F. Chapman Jr.
600:
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394:Philadelphia Navy Yard
1003:Mexican Service Medal
669:3rd Infantry Division
606:
597:Marine Corps birthday
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542:Secretary of the Navy
523:Augusto César Sandino
509:Vogel was ordered to
504:Georgetown University
449:
276:School of Application
126:Years of service
703:New Georgia Campaign
500:Edward Hale Campbell
434:Caldwell, New Jersey
248:and served with the
218:Clayton Barney Vogel
34:Clayton Barney Vogel
1677:Edward A. Ostermann
1652:Charles F. B. Price
1642:2nd Marine Division
1571:Charles F. B. Price
817:Rathvon M. Tompkins
766:Navajo Code Talkers
665:Charles F. B. Price
653:2nd Marine Division
534:Richard P. Williams
498:under Rear Admiral
482:under Rear Admiral
364:2nd Marine Regiment
357:William Howard Taft
330:Joseph H. Pendleton
326:2nd Marine Regiment
280:Annapolis, Maryland
209:Rathvon M. Tompkins
193:Nicaraguan Campaign
179:Veracruz Expedition
161:2nd Marine Division
1615:Fleet Marine Force
1597:Charles D. Barrett
1560:Fleet Marine Force
1294:. Marines Websites
1130:. 28 November 1964
1127:The New York Times
804:. He is buried at
725:Fleet Marine Force
649:
601:
460:
389:in May–June 1914.
387:Mexican Revolution
311:Philippine Islands
268:Rutgers University
230:Navajo code talker
152:Fleet Marine Force
75:, Pennsylvania, US
70:September 18, 1882
1683:
1682:
1674:Succeeded by
1649:Succeeded by
1623:Succeeded by
1617:, San Diego Area
1607:William P. Upshur
1594:Succeeded by
1568:Succeeded by
1562:, San Diego Area
1539:Succeeded by
1516:Military offices
1433:National Archives
1260:978-0-7864-9543-6
1070:
1069:
1024:with Fleet Clasp
1012:West Indies clasp
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970:
787:Vogel settled in
713:for replacement.
633:James P. Berkeley
546:Claude A. Swanson
484:Newton A. McCully
475:in January 1922.
334:Panama Canal Zone
320:, as adjutant to
272:bachelor's degree
215:
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83:November 26, 1964
16:(Redirected from
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1659:Preceded by
1633:Preceded by
1604:Preceded by
1578:Preceded by
1549:Preceded by
1542:Samuel L. Howard
1521:Preceded by
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1319:In Many a Strife
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625:Odell M. Conoley
617:Joseph C. Burger
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581:John C. Beaumont
188:Haitian Campaign
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993:" bronze stars
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835:
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767:
764:
760:Emile P. Moses
756:South Carolina
733:Camp Gillespie
718:fear of flying
699:William Halsey
588:
585:
573:Thomas Holcomb
480:Scouting Force
458:, summer 1943.
421:
418:
402:Port-au-Prince
345:Guantanamo Bay
237:
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213:
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207:Major General
205:
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196:
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175:Yangtze Patrol
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87:(aged 82)
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1329:0-87021-034-3
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692:New Caledonia
689:
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658:
654:
646:
643:ret. and GEN
642:
638:
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584:
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453:
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427:
417:
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411:
410:Cacos bandits
407:
406:Garde d'Haïti
403:
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226:major general
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176:
173:
169:
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165:Garde d'Haiti
162:
158:
153:
149:
146:
142:
139:
138:Major General
136:
132:
128:
124:
121:
118:
112:
109:United States
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
82:
78:
74:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:Vogel in 1942
43:
38:
31:
19:
1667:
1639:
1612:
1584:
1557:
1529:
1499:. Retrieved
1495:cdnc.ucr.edu
1494:
1485:
1473:
1462:. Retrieved
1457:
1448:
1437:. Retrieved
1435:. 2016-08-15
1432:
1423:
1411:. Retrieved
1406:
1397:
1385:. Retrieved
1380:
1371:
1359:. Retrieved
1354:
1345:
1333:. Retrieved
1318:
1296:. Retrieved
1291:
1264:. Retrieved
1249:
1242:
1231:. Retrieved
1191:. Retrieved
1187:the original
1132:. Retrieved
1125:
826:
814:
793:Bucks County
786:
776:Nazi Germany
773:
769:
749:
722:
715:
696:
673:
657:Camp Elliott
650:
635:, Vogel, MG
587:World War II
577:
554:
538:
527:
508:
477:
468:Philadelphia
463:
461:
439:
423:
391:
377:
361:
342:
315:
304:
265:
250:Union Army's
242:Philadelphia
239:
217:
216:
211:(son-in-law)
198:World War II
171:Battles/wars
85:(1964-11-26)
73:Philadelphia
1718:1964 deaths
1713:1882 births
1501:31 December
1292:marines.mil
741:Camp Dunlap
707:New Georgia
385:during the
353:White House
322:Eli K. Cole
183:Banana Wars
52:Nickname(s)
1707:Categories
1464:2019-01-12
1439:2019-01-12
1335:August 11,
1233:2018-07-06
1193:2018-07-06
1101:References
789:Bedminster
783:Later life
615:ret., LTG
488:Camp Perry
464:Pocahontas
440:Pocahontas
236:Early life
106:Allegiance
66:1882-09-18
1413:7 January
1387:7 January
1361:7 January
982:with two
661:San Diego
631:ret., MG
623:ret., BG
565:Coco Solo
511:Nicaragua
438:USS
376:USS
302:, China.
257:brevetted
246:Civil War
232:program.
204:Relations
129:1904–1946
1073:See also
1052:4th Row
1029:3rd Row
999:2nd Row
976:1st Row
810:Virginia
430:Virginia
378:Nebraska
372:Nipe Bay
296:Legation
144:Commands
114:Service/
55:"Barney"
1298:July 6,
988:⁄
711:Holcomb
288:Florida
1326:
1266:16 May
1257:
745:Niland
737:Santee
688:Nouméa
639:, LTG
627:, LTG
619:, LTG
611:, GEN
569:Panama
517:under
338:Panama
307:Cavite
300:Peking
116:branch
94:Buried
1288:(PDF)
1010:with
659:near
398:Haiti
255:as a
1503:2017
1415:2017
1389:2017
1363:2017
1337:2018
1324:ISBN
1300:2018
1268:2017
1255:ISBN
1136:2017
678:and
647:ret.
492:Ohio
462:The
349:Cuba
134:Rank
80:Died
60:Born
791:in
370:to
298:in
278:at
1709::
1493:.
1456:.
1431:.
1405:.
1379:.
1353:.
1308:^
1290:.
1276:^
1202:^
1144:^
1124:.
1109:^
990:16
808:,
754:,
739:;
731:;
690:,
567:,
544:,
536:.
490:,
454:,
428:,
359:.
347:,
309:,
286:,
263:.
1699:.
1505:.
1467:.
1442:.
1417:.
1391:.
1365:.
1339:.
1302:.
1270:.
1236:.
1196:.
1138:.
986:3
68:)
64:(
20:)
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