396:
548:
676:
723:. For ground effect of that era to function most efficiently, the aerodynamic surfaces needed to be precisely located and this led to the chassis being very stiffly sprung. However, this was very punishing to the driver, resulting in driver fatigue. To get around this, Chapman introduced a car with two chassis. One chassis (where the driver would sit) was softly sprung. The other chassis (where the skirts and such were located) was stiffly sprung. Although the car passed scrutineering at a couple of races, other teams protested, and it was never allowed to race. The car was never developed further.
563:
2052:
1957:
1915:
1789:
1873:
1845:
2066:
2038:
1985:
1971:
1859:
1831:
1817:
1775:
1761:
1621:
2024:
1733:
45:
1929:
1803:
2080:
1943:
364:. Around this time, Chapman began to show his ability to think of ways to become more competitive while remaining within the rules. One early car had a 6 port head with 4 exhaust and two inlet ports. Chapman realised that better flow characteristics (and therefore more power) could be achieved with an 8 port head, but lacking the resources to have one made, he reversed the port functions and de-siamesed the old inlet ports. With appropriate
1901:
1887:
1999:
1747:
805:
company run by a DeLorean distributor, despite
Chapman's previous protestations that neither he nor the company had been paid via Panama. Chapman died before the full deceit unravelled, but, at the subsequent trial of Lotus Group accountant Fred Bushell, who had funnelled £5 million to himself in the
660:
to require the wing mounting hardware to be attached directly to the sprung chassis. Chapman also originated the movement of radiators away from the front of the car to the sides, to decrease frontal area (lowering aerodynamic drag) and centralising weight distribution. These concepts remain features
624:
monocoque
Indianapolis car using a 4.2-litre aluminium V-8 Ford passenger car engine. Ford accepted the proposal. The Lotus 29 debuted at Indianapolis in 1963, with Jim Clark finishing second. This design concept fairly quickly replaced what had been for many decades the standard design formula in
699:
championship. However, skirts were eventually banned because they were susceptible to damage, for example from driving over a kerb, whereafter downforce would be lost and the car could then become unstable. The FIA made moves to eliminate ground effect in
Formula One by raising the minimum ride
588:
Formula One car. The technique resulted in a body that was both lighter and stronger, and also provided better driver protection in the event of a crash. Although a previously little-used concept in the world of motorsport, the first vehicle to feature such a chassis was the road-going 1922
265:
in the United States, between 1962 and 1978 under his direction. The production side of Lotus Cars has built tens of thousands of relatively affordable, cutting edge sports cars. Lotus is one of but a handful of
English performance car builders still in business after the
656:. Early versions, in 1968 and 1969, were mounted 3 feet (0.91 m) or so above the car, to operate in 'clean air' (air that would not otherwise be disturbed by the passage of the car). The underdesigned wings and struts failed regularly, however, compelling the
491:
to victory at the "Brickyard". Clark and
Chapman became particularly close and Clark's death in 1968 devastated Chapman, who publicly stated that he had lost his best friend. Among a number of automotive figures who have been Lotus employees over the years were
426:
In the 1950s, Chapman progressed through the motor racing formulae, designing and building a series of racing cars, sometimes to the point of maintaining limited production as they were so successful and highly sought after, until he arrived in
806:
fraud, the trial judge opined that, had
Chapman himself been in the dock, he would have received a sentence "of at least 10 years". The car's engineering concept was later sold by the UK Government appointed administrators to
738:
high technology enterprise. He was among the first entrants in
Formula One to turn their cars into rolling billboards for non-automotive products, initially with the cigarette brands Gold Leaf and, most famously,
690:
Chapman next planned a car that generated all of its downforce through ground effect, eliminating the need for wings and the resulting drag that reduces a car's speed. The culmination of his efforts, the
672:, generating suction (downforce) which held it securely to the road whilst cornering. Early designs utilized sliding "skirts" which made contact with the ground to keep the area of low pressure isolated.
616:, he was so struck by the advanced design that he invited Chapman to the 1962 Indianapolis 500, where Gurney made his Indy début at the wheel of a space-frame rear engined car designed by
235:
techniques would prove vital towards achieving the major automotive technical advances for which he is remembered. Chapman's design philosophy focused on cars with light weight and fine
794:
subsequently collapsed, during which administrators discovered that £10,000,000 of
British taxpayers' money (approximately equivalent to £36 million in 2023) had gone missing.
797:
Lotus Group's 1981 accounts were overdue before
Chapman's death, but, when released after his death, disclosed that Lotus had been paid for engineering work by DeLorean via a
356:
events. He named the car "Lotus"; he never confirmed the reason, but one of several theories is that it was after his then-girlfriend (later wife) Hazel, whom he nicknamed "
620:(who had previously worked for Chapman) and built by American hot-rodder Mickey Thompson. Following the race, Chapman prepared a proposal to Ford Motor Company for an
4162:
1577:
328:
in 1948, being offered a permanent commission but turning this down in favour of a swift return to civilian life. After a couple of false starts
Chapman joined the
4177:
4157:
763:, which was majority-funded by the UK government. The original concept design was for a mid-engine sports car; however, difficulty in securing the original
2714:
254:
372:, his engine outclassed the opposition until the rules were changed to outlaw the specific changes he had made. With continuing success on through the
1302:
657:
179:
4112:
2669:
258:
133:
1587:
321:
and learning to fly. He left UCL without a degree in 1948, resitting his final Mathematics paper in 1949 and obtaining his degree a year late.
4187:
4212:
4092:
220:(19 May 1928 – 16 December 1982) was an English design engineer, inventor, and builder in the automotive industry, and founder of the
216:
231:
Chapman founded Lotus in 1952 and initially ran Lotus in his spare time, assisted by a group of enthusiasts. His knowledge of the latest
247:, which he famously summarised as "Adding power makes you faster on the straights. Subtracting weight makes you faster everywhere."
1092:
4117:
1191:
1043:
143:
4197:
4152:
1553:
1582:
1407:
4182:
4147:
4137:
4127:
4122:
1609:
640:
into Formula One car design. Lotus used the concept of positive aerodynamic downforce, through the addition of wings, at a
392:; there have been over 90 different Lotus 7 clones, replicas and derivatives offered to the public by a variety of makers.
734:
into auto racing; beginning the process which transformed Formula One from a pastime of rich gentlemen to a multi-million
4202:
1568:
1481:
1050:
870:
842:
720:
705:
701:
1352:
4207:
1273:
298:
814:. The liquidators also recovered around £20 million from Swiss bank accounts controlled by Chapman and John DeLorean.
3892:
1536:
1522:
1508:
1178:
1079:
318:
3238:
3201:
4132:
767:
rights and design complications led to the rear-engine mount design. This project would eventually evolve into the
3872:
4107:
2791:
1779:
169:
3847:
1617:
4142:
3798:
1442:
547:
20:
395:
4192:
4172:
3793:
508:
who worked at Lotus as a mechanic as a means of earning drives. In 1966, it was Chapman who persuaded the
1032:
708:. Car designers have managed to claw back much of that downforce through other means, aided by extensive
35:
281:
Anthony Colin Bruce Chapman was born on 19 May 1928, and brought up at 44 Beech Drive, on the border of
633:
432:
365:
1385:
730:, was also a businessman and innovator in the business end of racing. He introduced major advertising
3310:
947:
314:
1602:
822:
The night before he died, Chapman watched a performance by his long-time friend and Lotus customer
232:
3956:
1144:
524:
Many of Chapman's ideas can still be seen in Formula One and other top-level motor sport, such as
3902:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
1693:
1192:"Jim Clark and Colin Chapman Had a Language All Their Own: Together, they changed racing forever"
986:
976:
962:
923:
696:
653:
480:
448:
404:
294:
108:
1477:
675:
1458:
981:
967:
952:
791:
625:
racing-cars, the tube-frame chassis. Although the material has changed from sheet aluminium to
464:
455:. Their small, lightweight mid-engined vehicles gave away much in terms of power, but superior
440:
310:
192:
3231:
3192:
1036:
957:
740:
683:, pictured during their double World Championship-winning 1978 season with the ground effect
665:
571:
562:
556:
4102:
4097:
3862:
731:
533:
3921:
664:
Chapman, working with Tony Rudd and Peter Wright, pioneered the first Formula One use of "
8:
4167:
4057:
2784:
1595:
602:
411:
267:
1678:
447:, ending his career as a race driver and focusing him on the technical side. Along with
3931:
3926:
3857:
3353:
2056:
1793:
1463:
1096:
790:
agents agreeing to bankroll a 100 kilograms (220 lb) cocaine smuggling operation.
525:
509:
3951:
1119:
833:, and his band. On 16 December 1982, Team Lotus tested the first Formula One car with
3073:
2598:
1549:
1532:
1518:
1504:
1438:
1360:
1174:
1075:
834:
613:
541:
488:
329:
1496:
861:
Chapman was married to Hazel Chapman (1927–2021). He had two daughters and one son.
715:
One of his last major technical innovations was a dual-chassis Formula One car, the
3823:
3768:
3210:
2547:
1933:
1683:
760:
645:
617:
484:
460:
419:
357:
262:
1807:
3773:
3367:
3362:
3080:
1905:
1877:
1751:
1572:
1016:
779:
756:
621:
501:
325:
3882:
629:, this remains today the standard technique for building top-level racing cars.
475:
appeared as though they could win whenever they pleased. With Clark driving the
4023:
3997:
3990:
3887:
3463:
3305:
3277:
3185:
3178:
2777:
2418:
2065:
2037:
2028:
1984:
1970:
1891:
1858:
1830:
1821:
1816:
1774:
1760:
1737:
1620:
1541:
735:
680:
669:
641:
290:
1565:
4086:
3946:
3877:
3842:
3468:
3458:
3376:
3155:
3085:
2516:
2367:
2023:
1989:
1919:
1863:
1732:
1668:
1364:
764:
752:
590:
537:
436:
385:
3941:
3867:
3852:
3473:
3453:
3432:
3417:
3296:
3270:
3265:
3090:
2490:
2454:
2084:
2003:
1975:
1961:
1947:
1673:
1024:
846:
823:
768:
727:
637:
626:
567:
513:
456:
400:
282:
236:
3961:
3936:
3897:
3389:
3338:
3333:
3289:
3282:
3254:
3249:
3215:
3160:
2301:
2110:
2070:
1835:
798:
783:
751:
From 1978 until his death, Chapman was involved with the American tycoon
709:
594:
552:
540:, while virtually identical suspension struts for the front are known as
505:
497:
452:
444:
428:
415:
407:
381:
353:
244:
97:
4062:
4052:
4028:
3971:
3966:
3837:
3788:
3783:
3738:
3171:
2800:
2266:
1849:
1688:
1625:
942:
609:
598:
472:
459:
meant their competing cars often beat the all-conquering front engined
389:
250:
240:
225:
221:
44:
2769:
4033:
4018:
3976:
3916:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3778:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
2588:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2042:
1928:
1765:
1698:
838:
578:
468:
361:
345:
333:
4067:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2506:
2501:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
830:
811:
716:
692:
684:
593:. Lotus had been an early adopter of this technology with the 1958
585:
584:
construction within automobile racing, with the revolutionary 1962
493:
476:
369:
349:
3224:
864:
2079:
1942:
1844:
1802:
938:
933:
928:
850:
775:
649:
581:
377:
373:
118:
84:
80:
668:", where a low pressure was created under the car by use of the
380:
of these cars. Over 100 were sold through 1956. It was with the
2051:
1956:
1914:
1900:
1886:
1788:
807:
802:
774:
On 19 October 1982, John DeLorean was charged with trafficking
332:
company, using his civil engineering skills to attempt to sell
286:
1998:
1872:
1746:
529:
4047:
1248:
Indianapolis 500 Mile Race USAC Yearbook 1962. Floyd Clymer
827:
512:
to sponsor Cosworth's development of what would become the
601:, making it also one of the first production cars made of
536:
device. Struts used in the rear of a vehicle are known as
3396:
787:
652:
were the first to use them in a Formula One race at the
273:
Chapman suffered a fatal heart attack in 1982, aged 54.
661:
of virtually all high performance racing cars today.
597:. The modified monocoque body of the car was made of
388:
still manufacture a version of that car today – the
1301:
612:first saw the Lotus 25 at the Dutch Grand Prix at
431:. Besides his engineering work, he also piloted a
1117:
577:Chapman's next major innovation was popularising
528:, into the 21st century. He pioneered the use of
4163:International Motorsports Hall of Fame inductees
4084:
1408:"Co-founder of Lotus Hazel Chapman dies aged 94"
384:in 1957 that things really took off, and indeed
1303:"Dark clouds taint Lotus founder Colin Chapman"
865:Complete Formula One World Championship results
636:, Chapman was among those who helped introduce
336:as a viable structural material for buildings.
544:that were invented ten years earlier in 1949.
4178:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
2785:
1603:
1583:The Colin Chapman Museum and Education Centre
778:by the US Government, following a videotaped
435:F1-car in 1956 but crashed into his teammate
4158:British founders of automobile manufacturers
1033:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
1329:
1327:
1325:
837:, which eventually made its début with the
19:For other persons named Colin Chapman, see
2792:
2778:
1610:
1596:
1467:(Supplement). 30 December 1969. p. 8.
1435:The Guinness Complete Grand Prix Who's Who
483:. It was Clark, driving a Lotus 38 at the
360:". With the prize money, he developed the
43:
1503:(Patrick Stephens, Wellingborough, 1986)
1074:(Patrick Stephens, Wellingborough, 1986)
786:, in which he was recorded by undercover
519:
1578:Picture of Colin Chapman, Long Beach F-1
1457:
1333:
1322:
1028:'Young Businessman of the Year' in 1970.
674:
561:
546:
394:
352:, which he entered privately into local
289:N2. His father ran The Railway Hotel on
3878:Opel Lotus Omega/Vauxhall Lotus Carlton
2799:
1566:Colin Chapman biography by Dennis David
1189:
759:sports car to be built in a factory in
726:Chapman, whose father was a successful
399:Chapman at the wheel of one of his own
4113:20th-century Royal Air Force personnel
4085:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2662:
1044:International Motorsports Hall of Fame
418:on left holding notes. Chief Mechanic
2773:
2661:
2102:
1715:
1638:
1591:
1432:
1347:
1345:
1296:
1294:
1268:
1266:
403:sports cars, during practice for the
4188:World Sportscar Championship drivers
2814:
1183:
704:and requiring flat bottom cars from
4213:20th-century British businesspeople
4093:Alumni of University College London
1546:Colin Chapman: Inside the Innovator
1501:Colin Chapman: The Man and His Cars
1482:Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
1145:"Hornsey: Birthplace Of Lotus Cars"
1072:Colin Chapman: The Man and His Cars
1051:Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
1015:He was awarded "Mike's Mug" by the
746:
16:English design engineer (1928–1982)
13:
1490:
1342:
1291:
1263:
487:in 1965, who drove the first-ever
14:
4224:
1559:
1531:(Breedon Books Publishing, 2003)
1190:McAleer, Brendan (4 March 2016).
1173:(Breedon Books Publishing, 2003)
1118:Martin Williamson (28 May 2010).
608:When American Formula One driver
319:University of London Air Squadron
2078:
2064:
2050:
2036:
2022:
1997:
1983:
1969:
1955:
1941:
1927:
1913:
1899:
1885:
1871:
1857:
1843:
1829:
1815:
1801:
1787:
1773:
1759:
1745:
1731:
1619:
1274:"Colin Chapman - Wayward Genius"
856:
451:, he revolutionised the premier
1515:Colin Chapman Lotus Engineering
1471:
1451:
1426:
1400:
1378:
1251:
1242:
849:on the same day at his home in
471:at the wheel of his race cars,
4118:Military personnel from Surrey
1230:
1218:
1206:
1163:
1137:
1111:
1085:
1064:
344:In 1948, Chapman designed the
21:Colin Chapman (disambiguation)
1:
3888:Opel Speedster/Vauxhall VX220
1639:
1353:"De Lorean aide Bushell dies"
1093:"2010 Lotus Evora test drive"
1057:
853:, and died at the age of 54.
810:, who used it to develop the
679:Chapman and his lead driver,
644:race in early 1968, although
481:F1 World Championship in 1963
414:. Lotus Development Director
276:
4198:British motorsport designers
4153:British automobile designers
1529:Colin Chapman Wayward Genius
1171:Colin Chapman Wayward Genius
304:
299:Stationers' Company's School
7:
4183:British automotive pioneers
4148:24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
4138:Formula One team principals
4128:Vanwall Formula One drivers
4123:English Formula One drivers
1716:
1386:"Colin Chapman (1928–1982)"
1095:. About.com. Archived from
845:. Chapman suffered a fatal
479:, Team Lotus won its first
324:Chapman briefly joined the
213:Anthony Colin Bruce Chapman
10:
4229:
4203:IndyCar Series team owners
3423:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3384:
3382:
3373:
3357:
3346:
3344:
3337:
3328:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3300:
3281:
3269:
3260:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3214:
3200:
3196:
3168:
3166:
3159:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
1548:(Haynes Publishing, 2010)
1517:(Osprey Publishing, 1993)
1149:Hornsey Historical Society
1120:"Lotus breaks its F1 duck"
1070:Gérard ('Jabby') Crombac,
998:
755:, in his development of a
467:. Eventually, with driver
18:
4208:Automotive businesspeople
3416:
3414:
3395:
3388:
3386:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3359:
3348:
3342:
3332:
3330:
3322:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3286:
3276:
3274:
3264:
3262:
3253:
3242:
3237:
3235:
3230:
3228:
3223:
3219:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3133:
3131:
3126:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3077:
3072:
2808:
2713:
2668:
2657:
2597:
2546:
2515:
2489:
2453:
2417:
2366:
2300:
2109:
2098:
2013:
1722:
1711:
1661:
1645:
1634:
1437:. Guinness. p. 410.
1009:
339:
315:University College London
239:instead of bulking up on
206:
198:
188:
178:
168:
160:
152:
142:
132:
124:
114:
104:
100:World Championship career
96:
92:
69:
54:
42:
30:
2103:
1497:Gérard ('Jabby') Crombac
1039:for services to Exports.
929:Vandervell Products Ltd.
817:
700:height of the cars from
439:during practice for the
422:on right leaning on car.
233:aeronautical engineering
4133:Formula One team owners
3903:Lotus-Radford Type 62-2
3873:Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1
1571:10 October 2012 at the
1388:. Unique Cars and Parts
1334:Lawrence, Mike (2002).
1260:magazine September 1962
1049:He was inducted in the
1042:He was inducted in the
654:1968 Belgian Grand Prix
405:1956 British Grand Prix
297:. Chapman attended the
295:Hornsey Railway Station
4108:Royal Air Force airmen
687:
574:
559:
520:Innovations and legacy
423:
311:structural engineering
259:Drivers' Championships
253:won seven Formula One
202:1956 French Grand Prix
193:1956 French Grand Prix
4143:Formula One designers
1433:Small, Steve (1994).
1037:1970 New Year Honours
678:
572:1970 Dutch Grand Prix
565:
557:1967 Dutch Grand Prix
550:
398:
3848:Talbot Sunbeam Lotus
2716:Constructors' titles
1239:magazine August 1962
1227:magazine August 1962
1215:magazine August 1962
255:Constructors' titles
4193:People from Hornsey
4173:People from Norfolk
1278:www.lotuseleven.org
1031:He was appointed a
792:DeLorean Motor Cars
741:John Player Special
603:composite materials
376:, he began to sell
3911:Concept cars
3858:Hennessey Venom GT
3843:Ford Cortina Lotus
3832:Related cars
2663:Formula One titles
2057:Emerson Fittipaldi
1794:Emerson Fittipaldi
1464:The London Gazette
1414:. 14 December 2021
1310:. 14 December 2002
688:
575:
560:
510:Ford Motor Company
424:
301:in Mayfield Road.
268:industrial decline
4080:
4079:
4075:
4074:
4058:Lotus Engineering
4042:Group Lotus
4008:Key figures
3985:Future cars
3448:Racing cars
3442:
3441:
3297:Grand tourer
3074:Sports racer
2767:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2653:
2652:
2094:
2093:
1707:
1706:
1662:Notable personnel
1554:978-1-84425-413-2
1412:www.autosport.com
1007:
1006:
835:active suspension
542:MacPherson struts
441:French Grand Prix
330:British Aluminium
210:
209:
105:Active years
4220:
4048:Official website
3445:
3444:
3436:
3429:
2812:
2811:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2771:
2770:
2717:
2672:
2659:
2658:
2601:
2550:
2549:Indianapolis 500
2519:
2493:
2457:
2421:
2370:
2304:
2113:
2100:
2099:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1950:
1946:
1945:
1936:
1934:Carlos Reutemann
1932:
1931:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1740:
1736:
1735:
1713:
1712:
1684:Maurice Philippe
1679:Gérard Ducarouge
1636:
1635:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1589:
1588:
1484:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1357:belfasttelegraph
1349:
1340:
1339:
1338:. Breedon Books.
1331:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1305:
1298:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1270:
1261:
1258:Road & Track
1255:
1249:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1187:
1181:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1089:
1083:
1068:
1002:
973:
876:
875:
761:Northern Ireland
747:DeLorean scandal
695:, dominated the
618:John Crosthwaite
485:Indianapolis 500
420:John Crosthwaite
309:Chapman studied
263:Indianapolis 500
219:
76:
73:16 December 1982
64:
62:
47:
28:
27:
4228:
4227:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4076:
3863:Westfield Sport
3443:
3427:
3426:
2804:
2798:
2768:
2759:
2715:
2709:
2671:Drivers' titles
2670:
2664:
2649:
2599:
2593:
2548:
2542:
2517:
2511:
2491:
2485:
2455:
2449:
2419:
2413:
2368:
2362:
2302:
2296:
2111:
2105:
2090:
2077:
2076:
2063:
2062:
2049:
2048:
2035:
2034:
2021:
2020:
2014:World Champions
2009:
1996:
1995:
1982:
1981:
1968:
1967:
1954:
1953:
1940:
1939:
1926:
1925:
1912:
1911:
1906:Ronnie Peterson
1898:
1897:
1884:
1883:
1878:Satoru Nakajima
1870:
1869:
1856:
1855:
1842:
1841:
1828:
1827:
1814:
1813:
1800:
1799:
1786:
1785:
1780:Martin Donnelly
1772:
1771:
1758:
1757:
1752:Elio de Angelis
1744:
1743:
1730:
1729:
1723:Notable drivers
1718:
1703:
1657:
1641:
1630:
1626:
1618:
1616:
1573:Wayback Machine
1562:
1527:Mike Lawrence,
1493:
1491:Further reading
1488:
1487:
1476:
1472:
1456:
1452:
1445:
1431:
1427:
1417:
1415:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1332:
1323:
1313:
1311:
1300:
1299:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1188:
1184:
1169:Mike Lawrence,
1168:
1164:
1154:
1152:
1151:. 24 March 2018
1143:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1116:
1112:
1102:
1100:
1099:on 1 April 2012
1091:
1090:
1086:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1017:Royal Aero Club
1012:
1003:
1000:
971:
970:
867:
859:
820:
780:sting operation
757:stainless steel
749:
622:aluminium alloy
522:
514:DFV race engine
502:Keith Duckworth
489:mid-engined car
342:
326:Royal Air Force
307:
279:
215:
88:
78:
74:
60:
58:
50:
49:Chapman in 1965
38:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4226:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4078:
4077:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4043:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4024:Romano Artioli
4021:
4016:
4009:
4005:
4004:
4003:
4002:
3995:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3957:Esprit Concept
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3893:Tesla Roadster
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3838:Caterham Seven
3833:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3449:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3236:
3234:
3229:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3183:
3181:
3176:
3174:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3132:
3130:
3125:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2843:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2797:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2774:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2676:
2674:
2666:
2665:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2606:
2604:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2462:
2460:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2426:
2424:
2420:Formula Junior
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2375:
2373:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2107:
2106:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2074:
2060:
2046:
2032:
2029:Mario Andretti
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
1993:
1979:
1965:
1951:
1937:
1923:
1909:
1895:
1892:Gunnar Nilsson
1881:
1867:
1853:
1839:
1825:
1822:Johnny Herbert
1811:
1797:
1783:
1769:
1755:
1741:
1738:Mario Andretti
1726:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1632:
1631:
1615:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1561:
1560:External links
1558:
1557:
1556:
1542:Karl Ludvigsen
1539:
1525:
1513:Hugh Haskell,
1511:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1470:
1450:
1443:
1425:
1399:
1377:
1341:
1336:Wayward Genius
1321:
1290:
1262:
1250:
1241:
1229:
1217:
1213:Car and Driver
1205:
1194:. TheDrive.com
1182:
1162:
1136:
1110:
1084:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1029:
1020:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1004:
999:
996:
995:
992:
989:
984:
979:
974:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
936:
931:
926:
920:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
866:
863:
858:
855:
819:
816:
782:at a hotel in
748:
745:
681:Mario Andretti
670:Venturi effect
642:Tasman Formula
538:Chapman struts
521:
518:
341:
338:
317:, joining the
306:
303:
291:Tottenham Lane
278:
275:
270:of the 1970s.
208:
207:
204:
203:
200:
196:
195:
190:
186:
185:
182:
176:
175:
172:
170:Pole positions
166:
165:
162:
158:
157:
154:
150:
149:
146:
140:
139:
136:
130:
129:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
94:
93:
90:
89:
79:
77:(aged 54)
71:
67:
66:
56:
52:
51:
48:
40:
39:
34:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4225:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4014:Colin Chapman
4012:
4011:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3932:Elise Concept
3930:
3928:
3927:Elite Concept
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3435:
3434:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3378:
3369:
3364:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3340:
3335:
3325:
3312:
3307:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3284:
3279:
3278:Europa S
3272:
3267:
3259:
3256:
3251:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3203:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3162:
3157:
3151:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3075:
3071:
2844:
2817:
2813:
2807:
2802:
2795:
2790:
2788:
2783:
2781:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2667:
2660:
2656:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:Sports racing
2596:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:Tasman Series
2514:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:Formula Three
2365:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2108:
2101:
2097:
2086:
2081:
2075:
2072:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2030:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1990:Derek Warwick
1986:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1920:Nelson Piquet
1916:
1910:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1864:Nigel Mansell
1860:
1854:
1851:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1808:Mika Häkkinen
1804:
1798:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1776:
1770:
1767:
1762:
1756:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1739:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1669:Frank Coppuck
1667:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1653:Colin Chapman
1651:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1622:
1613:
1608:
1606:
1601:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1537:1-85983-278-4
1534:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1523:1-85532-872-0
1520:
1516:
1512:
1510:
1509:1-85960-844-2
1506:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1483:
1479:
1478:Colin Chapman
1474:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1446:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1387:
1381:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1309:
1308:The Telegraph
1304:
1297:
1295:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1259:
1254:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1226:
1221:
1214:
1209:
1193:
1186:
1180:
1179:1-85983-278-4
1176:
1172:
1166:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1081:
1080:1-85960-844-2
1077:
1073:
1067:
1063:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:He was voted
1021:
1018:
1014:
1013:
997:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
921:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
877:
874:
872:
862:
857:Personal life
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
829:
825:
815:
813:
809:
804:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
772:
770:
766:
765:Wankel engine
762:
758:
754:
753:John DeLorean
744:
742:
737:
733:
729:
724:
722:
718:
713:
711:
707:
703:
698:
694:
686:
682:
677:
673:
671:
667:
666:ground effect
662:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
630:
628:
623:
619:
615:
611:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
591:Lancia Lambda
587:
583:
580:
573:
569:
566:Chapman with
564:
558:
554:
551:Chapman with
549:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
437:Mike Hawthorn
434:
430:
421:
417:
413:
409:
406:
402:
397:
393:
391:
387:
386:Caterham Cars
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:Lotus blossom
355:
351:
348:, a modified
347:
337:
335:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
274:
271:
269:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
229:
227:
223:
218:
214:
205:
201:
197:
194:
191:
187:
183:
181:
177:
173:
171:
167:
163:
161:Career points
159:
155:
151:
147:
145:
141:
137:
135:
134:Championships
131:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
82:
72:
68:
57:
53:
46:
41:
37:
32:Colin Chapman
29:
26:
22:
4013:
3998:
3991:
3922:Elan Concept
3868:Isuzu Piazza
3431:
2815:
2492:Formula 5000
2456:Formula Ford
2085:Jochen Rindt
2004:Alex Zanardi
1976:John Surtees
1962:Ayrton Senna
1948:Jochen Rindt
1694:Peter Wright
1674:Frank Dernie
1652:
1545:
1528:
1514:
1500:
1473:
1462:
1453:
1434:
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1411:
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1380:
1368:. Retrieved
1356:
1335:
1312:. Retrieved
1307:
1281:. Retrieved
1277:
1257:
1253:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1196:. Retrieved
1185:
1170:
1165:
1153:. Retrieved
1148:
1139:
1127:. Retrieved
1123:
1113:
1101:. Retrieved
1097:the original
1087:
1071:
1066:
1025:The Guardian
1023:
868:
860:
847:heart attack
826:, the noted
824:Chris Barber
821:
796:
773:
769:DMC DeLorean
750:
725:
714:
689:
663:
638:aerodynamics
632:Inspired by
631:
627:carbon fibre
607:
576:
568:Jochen Rindt
523:
425:
401:Lotus Eleven
343:
323:
308:
283:Muswell Hill
280:
272:
249:
245:spring rates
230:
212:
211:
180:Fastest laps
128:1 (0 starts)
75:(1982-12-16)
25:
4103:1982 deaths
4098:1928 births
3898:Proton EMAS
2303:Formula Two
2112:Formula One
2071:Graham Hill
1836:Graham Hill
1459:"No. 44999"
1418:15 December
1392:11 December
1103:11 December
799:Switzerland
784:Los Angeles
732:sponsorship
710:wind tunnel
595:Lotus Elite
553:Graham Hill
506:Graham Hill
498:Mike Costin
453:motor sport
449:John Cooper
429:Formula One
416:Mike Costin
412:Silverstone
408:Formula Two
189:First entry
98:Formula One
65:19 May 1928
4168:Lotus Cars
4087:Categories
4063:Team Lotus
4053:Lotus Cars
4029:Dany Bahar
3952:Esprit M70
3824:E23 Hybrid
2801:Lotus Cars
1850:Jacky Ickx
1689:Peter Warr
1627:Team Lotus
1444:0851127029
1370:28 January
1314:27 January
1283:27 January
1155:23 January
1058:References
943:Straight-4
831:trombonist
803:Panamanian
610:Dan Gurney
599:fibreglass
534:suspension
532:as a rear
473:Team Lotus
390:Caterham 7
368:and a new
277:Early life
261:, and the
251:Team Lotus
241:horsepower
226:Lotus Cars
222:sports car
199:Last entry
61:1928-05-19
4034:Len Terry
4019:Tony Rudd
3211:Elan M100
2043:Jim Clark
1766:Jim Clark
1699:Len Terry
1640:Personnel
1365:0307-1235
839:Lotus 99T
712:testing.
614:Zandvoort
579:monocoque
496:founders
469:Jim Clark
465:Maseratis
366:manifolds
362:Lotus Mk2
334:aluminium
305:Education
87:, England
4068:Lotus F1
3999:Type 135
3992:Type 134
3883:Kia Elan
3853:DeLorean
3799:T128 LMP
3464:Mark III
3433:Electric
3193:Roadster
3186:3-Eleven
3179:2-Eleven
2803:timeline
1569:Archived
1129:4 August
1053:in 1997.
1046:in 1994.
1019:in 1961.
885:Chassis
882:Entrant
812:AW11 MR2
728:publican
717:Lotus 88
693:Lotus 79
685:Lotus 79
634:Jim Hall
586:Lotus 25
526:IndyCars
494:Cosworth
477:Lotus 25
461:Ferraris
457:handling
410:race at
370:camshaft
350:Austin 7
293:next to
237:handling
224:company
3947:Emotion
3937:CityCar
3794:T128 F1
3469:Mark IV
3459:Mark II
3377:Carlton
3368:Cortina
3363:Cortina
3306:Elan +2
3156:Mark VI
1717:Drivers
1646:Founder
1480:at the
1225:Hot Rod
1198:4 March
1124:ESPN F1
1082:Page 15
1035:in the
1001:Source:
939:Vanwall
934:Vanwall
918:Points
888:Engine
851:Norwich
801:-based
776:cocaine
650:Brabham
646:Ferrari
582:chassis
570:at the
555:at the
433:Vanwall
382:Lotus 7
374:Lotus 6
153:Podiums
125:Entries
119:Vanwall
85:Norfolk
81:Norwich
3942:Eterne
3474:Mark V
3454:Mark I
3430:
3428:
3418:Eletre
3354:Saloon
3271:Esprit
3266:Europa
3091:Eleven
2841:2020s
2838:2010s
2835:2000s
2832:1990s
2829:1980s
2826:1970s
2823:1960s
2820:1950s
1552:
1535:
1521:
1507:
1441:
1363:
1177:
1078:
1010:Awards
808:Toyota
530:struts
504:, and
354:racing
340:Career
287:London
257:, six
3962:Ethos
3390:Emeya
3339:Excel
3334:Eclat
3311:Elite
3290:Evija
3283:Evora
3255:Emira
3250:Exige
3232:Elite
3225:Coupé
3216:Elise
3161:Seven
1237:Motor
941:2.5l
879:Year
818:Death
736:pound
445:Reims
115:Teams
3972:M250
3967:Etna
3804:T129
3789:T127
3784:T125
3739:100T
3239:Elan
3202:Elan
3172:340R
3081:VIII
2816:Type
2755:1978
2750:1973
2745:1972
2740:1970
2735:1968
2730:1965
2725:1963
2705:1978
2700:1972
2695:1970
2690:1968
2685:1965
2680:1963
2603:cars
2552:cars
2521:cars
2495:cars
2459:cars
2423:cars
2372:cars
2306:cars
2267:100T
2115:cars
2104:Cars
1550:ISBN
1533:ISBN
1519:ISBN
1505:ISBN
1439:ISBN
1420:2021
1394:2011
1372:2021
1361:ISSN
1316:2021
1285:2021
1200:2016
1175:ISBN
1157:2024
1131:2011
1105:2011
1076:ISBN
924:1956
915:WDC
843:1987
828:jazz
721:1981
706:1983
702:1981
697:1978
648:and
500:and
463:and
378:kits
243:and
144:Wins
109:1956
70:Died
55:Born
3977:M90
3917:APX
3819:E22
3814:E21
3809:E20
3779:119
3774:115
3769:114
3764:112
3759:109
3754:107
3749:102
3744:101
3734:99T
3729:98T
3724:97T
3719:96T
3714:95T
3709:94T
3704:93T
3397:SUV
2589:96T
2292:112
2287:109
2282:107
2277:102
2272:101
2262:99T
2257:98T
2252:97T
2247:95T
2242:94T
2237:93T
2167:56B
991:NC
987:ITA
982:GER
977:GBR
972:DNS
968:FRA
963:BEL
958:500
953:MON
948:ARG
871:key
841:in
788:FBI
719:in
658:FIA
443:at
346:Mk1
313:at
285:in
217:CBE
36:CBE
4089::
3699:92
3694:91
3689:88
3684:87
3679:86
3674:81
3669:80
3664:79
3659:78
3654:77
3649:76
3644:74
3639:73
3634:72
3629:70
3624:69
3619:66
3614:64
3609:63
3604:61
3599:59
3594:56
3589:49
3584:48
3579:44
3574:43
3569:42
3564:41
3559:39
3554:38
3549:34
3544:33
3539:32
3534:31
3529:29
3524:27
3519:25
3514:24
3509:22
3504:21
3499:20
3494:18
3489:17
3484:16
3479:12
3135:62
3128:47
3121:40
3116:30
3111:23
3106:19
3101:17
3096:15
3086:IX
3068:4
3053:9
3023:9
2993:9
2963:9
2933:9
2903:9
2873:9
2645:53
2640:47
2635:40
2630:30
2625:23
2620:19
2615:17
2610:15
2584:64
2579:56
2574:42
2569:38
2564:34
2559:29
2538:67
2533:39
2528:32
2507:70
2502:68
2481:69
2476:61
2471:59
2466:51
2445:27
2440:22
2435:20
2430:18
2409:69
2404:59
2399:55
2394:41
2389:35
2384:31
2379:22
2358:69
2353:59
2348:48
2343:44
2338:41
2333:35
2328:32
2323:18
2318:16
2313:12
2232:92
2227:91
2222:88
2217:87
2212:86
2207:81
2202:80
2197:79
2192:78
2187:77
2182:76
2177:72
2172:63
2162:49
2157:43
2152:33
2147:25
2142:24
2137:21
2132:18
2127:16
2122:12
1544:,
1499:,
1461:.
1410:.
1359:.
1355:.
1344:^
1324:^
1306:.
1293:^
1276:.
1265:^
1147:.
1122:.
994:0
912:8
909:7
906:6
903:5
900:4
897:3
894:2
891:1
873:)
771:.
743:.
605:.
516:.
228:.
83:,
3065:3
3062:2
3059:1
3056:0
3050:8
3047:7
3044:6
3041:5
3038:4
3035:3
3032:2
3029:1
3026:0
3020:8
3017:7
3014:6
3011:5
3008:4
3005:3
3002:2
2999:1
2996:0
2990:8
2987:7
2984:6
2981:5
2978:4
2975:3
2972:2
2969:1
2966:0
2960:8
2957:7
2954:6
2951:5
2948:4
2945:3
2942:2
2939:1
2936:0
2930:8
2927:7
2924:6
2921:5
2918:4
2915:3
2912:2
2909:1
2906:0
2900:8
2897:7
2894:6
2891:5
2888:4
2885:3
2882:2
2879:1
2876:0
2870:8
2867:7
2864:6
2861:5
2858:4
2855:3
2852:2
2849:1
2846:0
2793:e
2786:t
2779:v
1611:e
1604:t
1597:v
1447:.
1422:.
1396:.
1374:.
1318:.
1287:.
1202:.
1159:.
1133:.
1107:.
869:(
184:0
174:0
164:0
156:0
148:0
138:0
63:)
59:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)