206:("boldly") and without fear, unlike the situation in earlier synods where officials of the curia would rule out discussion of contentious issues. A further example is the unprecedented degree to which he drew on the teaching documents of fifteen national bishops' conferences and two larger regional conferences from Latin America and Asia for his encyclical on the environment,
164:
Since
Vatican II there has been an ongoing debate about the authority of bishops' conferences between advocates of centralization of authority in the Vatican, who play down the importance of bishops' conferences, and supporters of decentralization, who emphasize their importance. In 1998, Pope John
856:
Just as in the Gospel, the Lord so disposing, St. Peter and the other apostles constitute one apostolic college, so in a similar way the Roman
Pontiff, the successor of Peter, and the bishops, the successors of the apostles, are joined together.… The order of bishops, which succeeds to the college
178:), which has been described as "probably the most important post-Conciliar papal document on episcopal collegiality." He stated that the declarations of such conferences "constitute authentic magisterium" when approved unanimously by the conference; otherwise the conference majority must seek "the
94:
which gave the pope universal power to appoint bishops, ignoring the traditional principle of free election of bishops. This system of appointments, coupled with modern communications and the system of papal nuncios who could override local decisions, reduced the power of bishops and made the popes
46:
During the eleventh and twelfth centuries, the papacy amassed considerable power, as monastic reformers saw it as a way to counter corrupt bishops while bishops saw it as an ally against the interference of secular rulers. As early as the fourteenth century, opposition to this centralization of
37:
refers to "the Pope governing the Church in collaboration with the bishops of the local
Churches, respecting their proper autonomy." In the early church the popes sometimes exercised moral authority rather than administrative power, and that authority was not exercised extremely often; regional
71:. The Council of Constance also claimed that all Christians, including the Pope, were bound to obey councils "in matters pertaining to faith, the ending of the schism, and the reform of the church." This claim was short-lived and the conciliar movement soon ran out of steam.
857:
of apostles and gives this apostolic body continued existence, is also the subject of supreme and full power over the universal Church, provided we understand this body together with its head the Roman
Pontiff and never without this head.
141:. The traditionalist minority, however, opposed collegiality as undermining the authority of the Pope and changing the church from "monarchical to ‘episcopalian’ and collegial." In 1964 the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church,
147:, set forth the general principle that the bishops formed a college, which succeeds and gives continuing existence to the college of the apostles. The next year Pope Paul VI issued a letter on his own initiative,
944:
1002:
837:
55:
that local hierarchies and regional synods be strengthened. This opposition to centralization was tested when a group of cardinals, allied with secular rulers, called a council to resolve the
1154:
237:
for liturgical translations. The change has been described "as one of Pope
Francis’s strongest moves yet in terms of fostering greater collegiality in the Catholic Church."
293:
1074:
90:, of Bologna objected that the Pope teaches in consultation with other bishops. A further addition to papal power took place in 1917, with the publication of
873:
950:
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simply by receiving papal approval. The new constitution also provides for the laity to send their contributions directly to the synod's secretary general.
1008:
843:
1056:
926:
819:
775:
731:
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511:
38:
churches elected their own bishops, resolved disputes in local synods, and only felt the need to appeal to the Pope under special circumstances.
17:
1213:
104:
133:
minority at the
Council. The reformers did not see this as undermining church tradition, but as going back to the original practice of
1245:
161:, established general rules for national and regional conferences of bishops, urging their formation where they did not already exist.
1184:
1162:
301:
1082:
1033:
129:). Collegiality became one of the principal elements of the reform agenda and one of the primary points of conflict with the
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911:
804:
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639:
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in the development of Church teachings. He put this concern into practice when he urged the Synod of
Bishops to speak with
1129:
216:
examined the themes of synodality and the "healthy decentralisation" of the church during its meeting of
February 2016.
125:
was superior to the pope, the advocates of collegiality proposed that the bishops only act with and under the pope (
1240:
195:
138:
143:
246:, Francis introduced a more direct process whereby a final synodal document becomes a part of the Church's
213:
269:
157:
152:
59:
of the
Western Church (1378 – 1417), in which several rivals had claimed to be pope. The Councils of
48:
1104:
241:
130:
75:
940:
833:
230:
110:
91:
74:
The nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a period some church historians have called the "
79:
903:
897:
796:
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752:
746:
708:
702:
631:
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482:
264:
234:
64:
8:
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of the
Apostolic See," which they will not receive if the majority "is not substantial."
83:
259:
122:
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109:
Bishops who objected to this recent consolidation of papal authority proposed at the
52:
113:
to use the traditional collegial model to limit the centralizing tendencies of the
86:
of the Pope's teachings, although during the council Cardinal Filippo Maria Guidi,
1029:
87:
60:
1004:
Apostolos suos; On the Theological and Juridical Nature of Episcopal Conferences
978:(Kindle ed.), Blackrock, Ireland: The Columba Press, locations 2472-2474,
454:
208:
56:
459:
The Conciliarist Tradition: Constitutionalism in the Catholic Church 1300-1870
1234:
971:
68:
67:
claimed authority to judge the popes, deposed various claimants, and elected
869:
220:
191:
167:
118:
28:
1130:"The Holy Father attends the twelfth meeting of the Council of Cardinals"
902:(Kindle ed.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press (published 2010),
795:(Kindle ed.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press (published 2010),
751:(Kindle ed.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press (published 2010),
707:(Kindle ed.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press (published 2010),
668:
630:(Kindle ed.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press (published 2010),
591:
558:
525:
487:(Kindle ed.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press (published 2010),
421:
388:
355:
322:
247:
134:
114:
199:
105:
Theology of Pope Francis § Decentralization and synodal governance
946:
Decree Concerning the Pastoral Office of Bishops; Christus Dominus
1155:"Pope pushes decentralization on translation of liturgical texts"
294:"Synodality, collegiality: two keys to the coming Francis reform"
481:
O'Malley, John W., S. J. (2008), "The Long Nineteenth Century",
172:
On the Theological and Juridical Nature of Episcopal Conferences
155:, while the Council's Decree on the Pastoral Office of Bishops,
78:," saw a further consolidation of papal authority. In 1870 the
1136:, Vatican City: Vatican Information Service, December 14, 2015
677:(fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press,
600:(fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press,
567:(fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press,
534:(fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press,
430:(fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press,
397:(fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press,
364:(fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press,
331:(fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press,
1214:"Pope Francis approves new constitution for Synod of Bishops"
875:
Apostolic letter issued motu proprio Apostolica sollicitudo
1007:, Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, archived from
300:, London: Catholic Voices, 28 August 2013, archived from
198:, has advocated increasing the role of collegiality and
1075:"The encyclical's footnotes say a lot about this pope"
939:
832:
1035:
How the synod process is different under Pope Francis
839:Dogmatic Constitution on the Church; Lumen Gentium
976:Quo Vadis?: Collegiality in the Code of Canon Law
1232:
240:In September 2018 by the apostolic constitution
461:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 40,
1038:, Kansas City, MO: National Catholic Reporter
1081:, Boston: Boston Globe Media, archived from
1055:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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925:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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818:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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730:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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653:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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510:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
480:
47:papal authority had developed, with Bishop
878:, Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana
674:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
597:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
564:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
531:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
427:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
394:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
361:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
328:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
1211:
1207:
1205:
1069:
288:
286:
284:
219:In September 2017, Pope Francis issued a
194:, who had twice been elected head of the
41:
970:
1212:Brockhaus, Hannah (18 September 2018).
1102:
868:
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24:
1182:
1161:, 9 September 2017, archived from
233:to increase the responsibility of
25:
1257:
1246:Episcopacy in the Catholic Church
1103:Peppard, Michael (18 June 2015),
896:O'Malley, John W., S. J. (2008),
789:O'Malley, John W., S. J. (2008),
745:O'Malley, John W., S. J. (2008),
701:O'Malley, John W., S. J. (2008),
624:O'Malley, John W., S. J. (2008),
190:From the beginning of his papacy
1147:
1122:
1096:
1022:
991:
964:
933:
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738:
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661:
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235:national conferences of Bishops
185:
551:
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447:
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381:
348:
315:
95:the "last absolute monarchs."
18:Collegiality (Catholic Church)
13:
1:
275:
196:Argentine Bishops' Conference
121:, who had maintained that an
7:
1105:"Pope Francis's Earthquake"
899:What Happened at Vatican II
792:What Happened at Vatican II
748:What Happened at Vatican II
704:What Happened at Vatican II
627:What Happened at Vatican II
484:What Happened at Vatican II
270:Synod of Bishops (Catholic)
253:
10:
1262:
1189:National Catholic Register
229:, in which he amended the
102:
26:
949:, §36-38, archived from
151:, which established the
33:In the Catholic Church,
1111:, Commonweal Foundation
298:Catholic Voices Comment
137:and the college of the
76:long nineteenth century
1216:. Catholic News Agency
1071:Allen Jr., John L. Jr.
941:Second Vatican Council
834:Second Vatican Council
231:1983 Code of Canon Law
149:Apostolica Sollicitudo
111:Second Vatican Council
42:Historical development
1241:Catholic ecclesiology
872:(15 September 1965),
842:, §22, archived from
80:First Vatican Council
836:(21 November 1964),
265:Episcopal Conference
243:Episcopalis communio
214:Council of Cardinals
1185:"18 September 2018"
1165:on 17 December 2022
1032:(17 October 2014),
1030:Reese, Thomas, S.J.
943:(28 October 1965),
904:locations 5038-5041
846:on 6 September 2014
797:locations 4000-4004
753:locations 3622-3624
709:locations 6024-6060
679:locations 6053-6056
632:locations 1305-1311
602:locations 5856-5861
569:locations 5428-5439
536:locations 5462-5471
489:locations 1060-1873
432:locations 3147-3154
399:locations 3093-3096
366:locations 2392-2405
92:a Code of Canon Law
260:College of Bishops
123:ecumenical council
99:Vatican II to 2013
985:978-1-85607-786-6
913:978-0-674-03169-2
806:978-0-674-03169-2
762:978-0-674-03169-2
718:978-0-674-03169-2
688:978-0-300-11597-0
641:978-0-674-03169-2
611:978-0-300-11597-0
578:978-0-300-11597-0
545:978-0-300-11597-0
498:978-0-674-03169-2
468:978-0-19-954124-9
441:978-0-300-11597-0
408:978-0-300-11597-0
375:978-0-300-11597-0
342:978-0-300-11597-0
333:locations 879-882
226:Magnum principium
165:Paul II issued a
53:Council of Vienne
51:proposing at the
16:(Redirected from
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1183:Pantin, Edward.
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1073:(20 June 2015),
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953:on 2 August 2013
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158:Christus Dominus
153:synod of bishops
127:cum et sub Petro
49:Guillaume Durand
21:
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1085:on 21 June 2015
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1001:(21 May 1998),
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144:Lumen gentium
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119:conciliarists
117:; unlike the
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84:infallibility
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69:Pope Martin V
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1218:. Retrieved
1192:. Retrieved
1188:
1178:
1169:11 September
1167:, retrieved
1163:the original
1158:
1149:
1138:, retrieved
1133:
1124:
1113:, retrieved
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1098:
1087:, retrieved
1083:the original
1078:
1065:
1040:, retrieved
1034:
1024:
1013:, retrieved
1009:the original
1003:
999:John Paul II
993:
975:
966:
955:, retrieved
951:the original
945:
935:
898:
891:
880:, retrieved
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855:
848:, retrieved
844:the original
838:
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696:
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669:Duffy, Eamon
663:
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592:Duffy, Eamon
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559:Duffy, Eamon
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323:Duffy, Eamon
317:
306:, retrieved
302:the original
297:
242:
239:
224:
221:Motu proprio
218:
207:
203:
192:Pope Francis
189:
186:Pope Francis
179:
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168:motu proprio
166:
163:
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148:
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126:
108:
82:decreed the
73:
57:Great Schism
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35:collegiality
34:
32:
29:Collegiality
1140:14 December
248:magisterium
209:Laudato si'
115:Roman Curia
1235:Categories
276:References
200:synodality
180:recognitio
103:See also:
27:See also:
204:parrhesia
65:Constance
1134:VIS News
1051:citation
974:(2012),
921:citation
814:citation
770:citation
726:citation
671:(2014),
649:citation
594:(2014),
561:(2014),
528:(2014),
506:citation
457:(2008),
424:(2014),
391:(2014),
358:(2014),
325:(2014),
254:See also
139:Apostles
1115:21 June
1089:24 June
1042:21 June
1015:25 June
957:24 June
882:23 June
870:Paul VI
850:24 June
308:21 June
212:. The
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135:Peter
1222:2019
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1171:2017
1159:Crux
1142:2015
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1091:2015
1079:Crux
1057:link
1044:2015
1017:2015
980:ISBN
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310:2015
88:O.P.
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