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332:. The vehicles were most popular in cities, where relatively smooth roads made the electric motor, with its smoothness and silence, appear superior over the gasoline engine. It helped in urban areas that electrical supply for recharging was easily found within the runabout's 40-mile (64 km) range. Nevertheless, in 1903, a Columbia was driven 250 miles (400 km) from Boston to New York City in 23 hours. In keeping with this urban orientation, the Columbia was positioned as a high-end vehicle (even at a time when automobiles were very expensive), with its showroom across the street from the
158:
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391:, situated at the front of the car, producing 24 hp (18 kW). A four-speed sliding transmission was fitted. The car weighed 3,000 lb (1,400 kg). One design innovation was the "false frame" supporting the engine.
317:
with three forward and two reverse speeds. Twenty batteries manufactured by Exide
Batteries, also associated with Electric Vehicle Company, were placed above both axles in order to balance the weight.
259:
The 'Columbia Surrey' and 'Columbia
Victoria' were more traditional horseless carriages. Both used the same power system as the larger cars, with twin electric motors, but cost much less at
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on both rear wheels featured a bell, which rang when the vehicle reached a full stop. Top speed was about 15 mph (24 km/h).
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207:' cabs, or hansoms, were also produced for the same price. They could achieve 13 mph (21 km/h). A 'Columbia Victoria
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313:(typical of automobiles of the era), producing virtually the only operating noise. Between the motor and the chain drive was a
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1912:
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1933:
309:, with leather fenders. The drivetrain had clear evolutionary roots in Pope's bicycle business, driving the rear axle via a
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This article is about the automobile brand from 1899 to 1910. For the automobile manufacturer from 1916 to 1924, see
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379:, seating six passengers, and resembled the touring models offered by many other companies at the time. Priced at
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1903 Columbia
Electric Runabout, the best-seller car in the U.S. in 1900 and the first to exceed 1000 sales.
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Wikisource:Popular
Science Monthly/Volume 57/August 1900/The Evolution and Present Status of the Automobile
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Columbia's basic runabout was typical of the time, resembling a horseless carriage, and was steered via a
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vehicle had a wheelbase of 64 inches (1,600 mm), and rode on 30-inch (760 mm) wooden
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167:, this one seats the chauffeur high up behind passengers, although more typically
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Company still exists but is no longer in the automotive manufacturing business
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134:, and an entity of brief existence in 1899, the Columbia Automobile Company.
97:
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Besides the runabout, Columbia manufactured about 20 other models including
2038:
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874:
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Non-U.S. based parent company that owns subsidiaries headquartered in U.S.
44:
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1809:
1359:
1324:
1227:
1195:
1113:
992:
864:
372:
310:
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produced by a group of companies in the United States. They included the
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1996:
1991:
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1125:
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901:
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758:
639:
107:
2122:
2011:
1668:
1581:
1546:
997:
674:
376:
360:
349:
325:
253:
188:
355:
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2016:
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1007:
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1986:
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913:
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318:
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279:
557:
2940:
1140:
612:
2310:
329:
3082:
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
398:
powered model was added to the range in 1912 and 1913.
423:
List of defunct United States automobile manufacturers
2201:
List of automobiles manufactured in the United States
339:
359:
Columbia
Automobile advertisement from 1901 showing
3087:
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1899
270:At the bottom end of the range was the 'Columbia
171:carriages mounted the driver's box in the front.
3072:Electric vehicles introduced in the 20th century
3058:
493:The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Automobiles
454:
2206:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
2935:European Automobile Manufacturers Association
2284:
543:
191:. It could seat four passengers and sold for
1163:Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing
278:, it used a single electric motor, with an
3031:
2291:
2277:
550:
536:
348:1904 Columbia gasoline 2-cylinder 12/14HP
2856:History of the internal combustion engine
457:"1903 Columbia Mark LX Electric Runabout"
559:Automotive industry in the United States
354:
343:
301:. The 1,200-pound (540 kg), single
247:
225:
217:
203:. Similar 'Columbia' coupes, 'Columbia
174:
156:
2846:Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010
2298:
14:
3092:American companies established in 1899
3059:
2216:North American International Auto Show
2914:Minor automotive manufacturing groups
2820:Countries by motor vehicle production
2272:
791:Growler Manufacturing and Engineering
531:
440:
438:
137:In 1908, the company was renamed the
3021:
521:and her dog in one of the company's
455:Brooks Brierley (November 6, 2006).
215:, but was based on the same design.
73:1910 (marque continued by purchaser)
580:Transportation in the United States
24:
685:Environmental Performance Vehicles
435:
371:was an entirely different car. A
340:Internal combustion engined models
152:
25:
3128:
506:
3040:
3030:
3020:
3011:
3010:
2866:Timeline of motor vehicle brands
2825:Countries by vehicles per capita
2252:
2243:
2242:
2211:New York International Auto Show
2049:Cooper Tire & Rubber Company
1893:Kia Motors Manufacturing Georgia
513:Columbia Automobile Company page
43:
27:American automobile manufacturer
413:History of the electric vehicle
387:, it used a vertically mounted
3077:Cars powered by Knight engines
1295:Clydesdale Motor Truck Company
485:Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly
13:
1:
1659:North American Bus Industries
744:General Dynamics Land Systems
428:
282:battery and Concord springs.
1982:American Expedition Vehicles
978:Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus
575:Economy of the United States
252:1900 Columbia electric 3¾HP
141:and in 1910 was acquired by
7:
2086:Proterra (bus manufacturer)
418:United States Motor Company
401:
297:more than the contemporary
149:existed from 1917 to 1924.
143:United States Motor Company
18:Columbia Automobile Company
10:
3133:
2149:Rezvani Automotive Designs
1290:Checker Motors Corporation
139:Columbia Motor Car Company
124:Pope Manufacturing Company
29:
3006:
2948:
2922:
2874:
2861:History of the motorcycle
2851:History of the automobile
2838:
2810:Automobile sales by model
2802:
2770:
2735:
2695:
2521:
2374:
2333:
2324:
2306:
2229:
2196:Interstate Highway System
2178:
2162:
2131:
1961:
1949:Volkswagen (Westmoreland)
1921:
1855:
1848:
1775:
1285:Carbon Motors Corporation
1176:
1048:
924:Global Electric Motorcars
870:Millennium Luxury Coaches
599:
588:
565:
244:to drive where she wished
118:was an American brand of
103:
85:
77:
69:
61:
51:
42:
2904:Motorcycle manufacturers
2882:Automobile manufacturers
2815:Best-selling automobiles
1913:Volkswagen (Chattanooga)
1280:Boulder Electric Vehicle
680:Chenowth Racing Products
334:Metropolitan Opera House
132:Electric Vehicle Company
1898:Mercedes-Benz (Alabama)
1785:Alpha Motor Corporation
1557:International Harvester
274:' car. Priced at just
2966:Automotive engineering
2396:manufacturers detailed
880:Motor Coach Industries
364:
352:
299:Curved Dash Oldsmobile
256:
245:
223:
201:at the rear of the car
187:' was equipped with a
180:
172:
2687:List of manufacturers
2513:List of manufacturers
2366:List of manufacturers
2139:Calty Design Research
1939:General Motors (list)
1878:General Motors (list)
1664:Oliver Farm Equipment
774:Chevrolet Performance
635:Amp Electric Vehicles
467:on September 26, 2011
361:rear-entrance tonneau
358:
350:rear-entrance tonneau
347:
254:rear-entrance tonneau
251:
229:
221:
178:
160:
128:Hartford, Connecticut
2956:Auto and motor shows
2154:Wheego Electric Cars
823:International Motors
491:David Burgess Wise,
487:: 373. January 1904.
481:"Electric Carriages"
369:Columbia Touring Car
2909:Truck manufacturers
2300:Automotive industry
570:Automotive industry
328:, police cars, and
242:her daughter-in-law
183:The 1904 'Columbia
39:
2392:manufacturers list
2093:Remy International
919:Polaris Industries
618:Challenger Tractor
365:
353:
257:
246:
224:
181:
179:A Columbia omnibus
173:
37:
3054:
3053:
2961:Automotive design
2899:Bus manufacturers
2892:by parent company
2830:Top manufacturers
2798:
2797:
2266:
2265:
2221:SAE International
2191:Chicago Auto Show
2081:Phoenix Motorcars
1957:
1956:
1888:Hyundai (Alabama)
1771:
1770:
1723:Twentieth Century
1417:Fisker Coachbuild
1412:Fisker Automotive
1201:American LaFrance
1196:American Electric
983:SSC North America
764:Cadillac V series
710:ElDorado National
461:Autoweek Magazine
375:model, it used a
113:
112:
16:(Redirected from
3124:
3067:Veteran vehicles
3044:
3034:
3033:
3024:
3023:
3014:
3013:
2986:list of vehicles
2331:
2330:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2270:
2269:
2256:
2246:
2245:
1903:Subaru (Indiana)
1853:
1852:
1825:Lordstown Motors
1795:Bollinger Motors
1684:Sebring Vanguard
1422:Force Protection
1407:Fitch Four Drive
1040:Zero Motorcycles
850:Lenco Industries
840:Karma Automotive
690:Equus Automotive
597:
596:
552:
545:
538:
529:
528:
488:
476:
474:
472:
463:. Archived from
447:
442:
386:
382:
296:
292:
277:
267:, respectively.
266:
262:
232:Victoria Phaeton
214:
211:' was priced at
194:
47:
40:
36:
21:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3057:
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2918:
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2794:
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2731:
2691:
2517:
2370:
2320:
2302:
2297:
2267:
2262:
2239:
2225:
2174:
2158:
2127:
2103:Shelby American
1969:
1967:performance car
1965:
1963:
1962:Auto component
1953:
1929:Chrysler (list)
1917:
1868:Chrysler (list)
1863:BMW Spartanburg
1844:
1840:Trion Supercars
1777:
1767:
1451:General Motors
1206:American Motors
1191:American Austin
1178:
1172:
1050:
1044:
951:Holiday Rambler
855:Lockheed Martin
796:Harley-Davidson
650:ATK motorcycles
623:Massey Ferguson
601:
592:
590:
584:
561:
556:
509:
479:
470:
468:
451:
450:
443:
436:
431:
404:
384:
380:
342:
294:
290:
275:
264:
260:
235:
212:
197:electric motors
192:
155:
153:Electric models
147:Columbia Motors
35:
32:Columbia Motors
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3130:
3120:
3119:
3114:
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3018:
3007:
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3001:
3000:
2995:
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2949:Related topics
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2544:Czech Republic
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2179:Related topics
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2132:Design studios
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2061:Ingersoll Rand
2058:
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2024:Detroit Diesel
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2019:
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1815:Faraday Future
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1778:pre-production
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519:Julia Marlowe
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501:0-7858-1106-0
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2361:South Africa
2071:Lingenfelter
2039:General Tire
1908:Tesla (list)
1883:Honda (list)
1830:Myers Motors
1776:Concept and
1679:Pierce-Arrow
1634:Monaco Coach
1532:Goshen Coach
1525:Yellow Coach
1335:Diamond-Star
1305:Commonwealth
1051:subsidiaries
875:Morgan Olson
860:Lucid Motors
700:Champion Bus
695:Forest River
645:Armour Group
517:the actress
492:
484:
471:November 12,
469:. Retrieved
465:the original
460:
396:sleeve valve
393:
368:
366:
323:
315:transmission
284:
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86:Headquarters
3102:Highwheeler
2790:New Zealand
2602:Netherlands
2469:South Korea
2459:Philippines
2449:North Korea
2144:Designworks
2007:Caterpillar
1964:makers and
1934:Ford (list)
1873:Ford (list)
1810:Elio Motors
1430:Continental
1325:Cycle-Scoot
1114:Seres Group
865:Mack Trucks
670:Caterpillar
373:touring car
311:chain drive
120:automobiles
94:Connecticut
3117:1910s cars
3112:1900s cars
3107:1890s cars
3097:Car brands
3061:Categories
2971:Drive time
2503:Uzbekistan
2382:Bangladesh
2326:By country
2118:Torrington
1997:BorgWarner
1992:BFGoodrich
1820:Fisker Inc
1694:Studebaker
1654:New United
1495:Oldsmobile
1485:McLaughlin
1355:Locomobile
1340:Duesenberg
1320:CNH Global
1221:Terraplane
1168:Volkswagen
1126:Stellantis
1097:Mitsubishi
1030:VIA Motors
1025:Ultimaster
1020:Trans Tech
1003:Arctic Cat
835:John Deere
813:HDT Global
715:Glaval Bus
630:AM General
593:and brands
429:References
389:straight-4
303:bench seat
289:. It cost
56:Automobile
2993:Debadging
2981:Rebadging
2778:Australia
2743:Argentina
2415:Indonesia
2056:Hennessey
2034:Firestone
1849:Factories
1738:Visionary
1644:MotoCzysz
1612:Roosevelt
1542:GreenTech
1480:Marquette
1465:GM Diesel
1455:Cartercar
1382:Excalibur
1377:Eagle Bus
1177:Defunct /
946:Fleetwood
941:REV Group
907:Peterbilt
769:Chevrolet
660:Blue Bird
394:A Knight
385:US$ 5,000
381:US$ 4,500
265:US$ 1,600
261:US$ 1,500
236:owned by
213:US$ 3,000
193:US$ 3,500
161:Columbia
3016:Category
2998:Glossary
2976:Facelift
2641:Slovakia
2534:Bulgaria
2493:Thailand
2454:Pakistan
2437:Malaysia
2248:Category
2163:By state
2044:Goodyear
1753:Wildfire
1689:Sterling
1674:Peerless
1602:Marathon
1572:Allstate
1515:Sheridan
1402:Fiberfab
1395:Plymouth
1330:DeLorean
1260:Autoette
1131:Chrysler
1107:Infiniti
1049:Foreign
902:Kenworth
806:Club Car
759:Cadillac
640:Arcimoto
600:Current
402:See also
272:Runabout
195:. Twin
185:Brougham
169:victoria
164:Victoria
116:Columbia
108:Vehicles
104:Products
90:Hartford
52:Industry
38:Columbia
3026:Commons
2887:marques
2839:History
2771:Oceania
2670:Ukraine
2619:Romania
2585:Ireland
2580:Hungary
2568:Germany
2539:Croatia
2529:Belarus
2508:Vietnam
2356:Nigeria
2351:Morocco
2123:Visteon
2076:Nexteer
2012:Cummins
1977:Allison
1970:modders
1944:Packard
1922:Defunct
1699:Erskine
1669:Packard
1582:Henry J
1562:Jeffery
1547:Grumman
1500:Pontiac
1490:Oakland
1475:LaSalle
1440:Mercury
1386:FCA US
1245:Armored
1233:Rambler
1179:former
1080:Hyundai
1013:Cushman
998:Textron
934:Victory
885:Oshkosh
845:Laffite
732:Lincoln
705:Collins
675:Czinger
655:Autocar
589:Vehicle
377:tonneau
295:US$ 200
291:US$ 850
276:US$ 750
209:Phaeton
189:tonneau
70:Defunct
62:Founded
3046:Portal
2755:Brazil
2715:Mexico
2703:Canada
2658:Sweden
2636:Serbia
2624:Russia
2607:Poland
2556:France
2522:Europe
2498:Turkey
2481:Taiwan
2464:Russia
2334:Africa
2258:Portal
2113:Timken
2098:Saleen
2066:Legacy
2017:Brammo
1856:Active
1835:Nikola
1763:Zimmer
1704:Rockne
1639:Mosler
1629:Mercer
1624:Matbro
1619:Marvel
1607:Marmon
1590:Willys
1586:Kaiser
1577:Frazer
1552:Henney
1520:Viking
1505:Saturn
1460:Elmore
1345:Durant
1265:Avanti
1255:Aurica
1250:Auburn
1211:Hudson
1158:Toyota
1153:Subaru
1102:Nissan
1008:E-Z-Go
973:Rivian
956:Laymor
929:Indian
897:Paccar
890:Pierce
828:IC Bus
786:Gillig
499:
319:Brakes
287:tiller
240:, for
205:Hansom
130:, the
2646:Spain
2590:Italy
2425:Japan
2403:India
2387:China
2346:Kenya
2341:Egypt
2029:Eaton
1987:Aptiv
1800:Canoo
1748:White
1716:Scion
1711:Stutz
1649:Muntz
1597:Local
1537:Green
1435:Edsel
1426:Ford
1390:Eagle
1365:Rugby
1360:Mason
1350:Flint
1270:Avery
1240:Armor
1216:Essex
1136:Dodge
1119:Seres
1073:Acura
1068:Honda
993:Tesla
914:Panoz
754:Buick
330:buses
326:taxis
280:Exide
3036:List
2803:Data
2420:Iran
2375:Asia
1370:Star
1315:Case
1310:Cord
1300:Coda
1228:Nash
1141:Jeep
727:Ford
613:AGCO
604:list
497:ISBN
473:2019
367:The
363:body
263:and
81:Sold
78:Fate
65:1899
2311:Car
2186:AAA
2108:SRT
1758:ZAP
1733:VPG
1470:Geo
1447:FMC
1275:BMC
1146:Ram
1085:Kia
1058:BMW
818:HME
779:GMC
737:SVT
383:to
126:of
3063::
2394:,
1743:VL
495:,
483:.
459:.
437:^
293:,
96:,
92:,
2292:e
2285:t
2278:v
606:)
602:(
551:e
544:t
537:v
475:.
234:,
34:.
20:)
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