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343:, while generally safe from the attacks on their mechanical counterparts, suffer from their own set of flaws. If the arrangement of numbers is fixed, it is easy to determine the lock sequence by viewing several successful accesses. Similarly, the numbers in the combination (but not the actual sequence) may be determined by which keys show signs of recent use. More advanced electronic locks may scramble the numbers' locations randomly to prevent these attacks.
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158:, by using a set of several rotating discs with inscribed symbols which directly interact with the locking mechanism, or through an electronic or mechanical keypad. Types range from inexpensive three-digit luggage locks to high-security safes. Unlike ordinary padlocks, combination locks do not use keys.
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doors where tradition tends towards dial locks rather than keys. They allow many valid combinations, one per authorized user, so changing one person's access has no effect on other users. These locks often have auditing features, recording which combination is used at what time for every opening.
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In 1978 a combination lock which could be set by the user to a sequence of his own choosing was invented by Andrew Elliot Rae. At this time the electronic keypad was invented and he was unable to get any manufacturers to back his mechanical lock for lockers, luggage, or brief-cases. The silicon chip
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A relock trigger, or internal relocker, is an integral part of the combination lock itself. It is usually designed to activate when the dial spindle is punched through. The trigger may consist of a spring-loaded lever or plunger that engages the bolt when the back cover is dislodged from the lock
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to gain entry. These special locks usually require the additional use of electronic circuitry, although purely mechanical keypad locks have been available since 1936. The chief advantage of this system is that multiple persons can be granted access without having to supply an expensive physical key
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locks never became popular due to the need for battery power to maintain their integrity. The patent expired and the original mechanical invention was instantly manufactured and sold worldwide mainly for luggage, lockers, and hotel safes. It is now a standard part of the luggage used by travellers.
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Joseph Loch was said to have invented the modern combination lock for
Tiffany's Jewelers in New York City, and from the 1870s to the early 1900s made many more improvements in the designs and functions of such locks. However his patent claim states "I do not claim as my invention a tumbler composed
312:. Customarily, a lock of this type is opened by rotating the dial clockwise to the first numeral, counterclockwise to the second, and so on in an alternating fashion until the last numeral is reached. The cams typically have an indentation or notch, and when the correct
268:, uses several rotating discs with notches cut into them. The lock is secured by a pin with several teeth on it which hook into the rotating discs. When the notches in the discs align with the teeth on the pin, the lock can be opened.
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to each person. Also, in case the key is compromised, "changing" the lock requires only configuring a new key code and informing the users, which will generally be cheaper and quicker than the same process for traditional key locks.
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case. Some combination locks also are equipped with a thermal relock trigger that activates in the event of a torch attack. Nearly all safes made after World War II have relock triggers in their combination locks.
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The C. L. Gougler
Keyless Locks Company manufactured locks for which the combination was a set number of audible clicks to the left and right, allowing them to be unlocked in darkness or by the vision-impaired.
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The discs are mounted on one side of the lock, which may in turn be attached to the end of a chain or cable. The other side of the lock, or the other end of the cable, has a pin with several protruding
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US Patents regarding combination padlocks by J.B. Gray in 1841 and by J.E. Treat in 1869 describe themselves as improvements, suggesting that such mechanisms were already in use.
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There is a variation of the traditional dial based combination lock wherein the "secret" is encoded in an electronic microcontroller. These are popular for safe and
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Exploded view of the rotating discs. The notches on the disc correspond to the numerals in the correct combination. In this case, the combination is 9-2-4.
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When the toothed pin is inserted and the discs are rotated to an incorrect combination, the inner faces of the discs block the pin from being extracted.
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of symbols, usually numbers, is used to open the lock. The sequence may be entered using a single rotating dial which interacts with several discs or
243:
The first commercially viable single-dial combination lock was patented on 1 February 1910 by John
Junkunc, owner of American Lock Company.
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of two disks, one working within the other, such not being my invention.", but there is no reference to prior art of this type of lock.
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541:"IMPROVEMENT IN TUMBLERS FOR PERMUTATION-LOCKS" by Joseph Loch, U.S. patent 200070, 5 February 1878. Found in
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Power for the lock may be provided by a battery or by a tiny generator set in operation by spinning the dial.
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Type of locking device in which a sequence of symbols, usually numbers, is used to open the lock
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Many doors use combination locks which require the user to enter a numeric sequence on a
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Canby, Sheila R.; Beyazit, Deniz; Rugiadi, Martina; Peacock, A. C. S. (27 April 2016).
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211:. Attached to a small box, it featured several dials instead of keyholes. In 1206, the
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is entered, the notches align, allowing the latch to fit into them and open the lock.
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677:"Operating Instruction for the X-09 Type 1F High Security Electronic Lock"
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One of the simplest types of combination lock, often seen in low-security
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may use a single dial which interacts with several parallel discs or
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227:). Muhammad al-Asturlabi (ca. 1200) also made combination locks.
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later described a combination lock in the 16th century.
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The earliest known combination lock was excavated in a
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The component parts of a
Stoplock combination padlock.
225:
The Book of
Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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660:"Kaba-MAS X-09 and CDX-09 High Security Locks"
488:Court and Cosmos: The Great Age of the Seljuqs
440:
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491:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 188.
221:al-Ilm Wal-Amal al-Nafi Fi Sina'at al-Hiyal
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219:documented a combination lock in his book
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
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467:How Islamic Inventors Changed the World
150:is a type of locking device in which a
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526:Improvement in permutation padlocks
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60:adding citations to reliable sources
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682:. December 2010. Archived from
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618:"Immediately locksmith Detroit"
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47:needs additional citations for
1321:Glossary of locksmithing terms
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511:Permutation padlock. Found in
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1255:Perimeter intrusion detection
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1234:Miniature snap-action switch
981:Time-delay combination locks
341:Electronic combination locks
7:
1336:John M. Mossman Lock Museum
1326:Electromagnetic door holder
665:. December 2010. p. 8.
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190:A simple combination lock.
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704:How Combination Locks Work
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1194:Closed-circuit television
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275:A single-dial padlock by
1078:Kensington Security Slot
991:Tubular pin tumbler lock
449:Archäologischer Anzeiger
298:rotary combination locks
246:
142:letter combination lock.
1436:Locks (security device)
1295:Vandal-resistant switch
1249:Passive infrared sensor
1179:Alarm monitoring center
976:Rotary combination lock
825:Components and hardware
382:Sargent & Greenleaf
1351:Lock Museum of America
867:Bored cylindrical lock
632:"Commercial locksmith"
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1379:Category:Locksmithing
1290:Ultrasonic transducer
605:U.S. patent 2,029,080
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1260:Photoelectric sensor
1214:Glass break detector
1113:Real-estate lock box
1012:Electromagnetic lock
884:Single-point locking
837:Interchangeable core
760:Fundamental concepts
56:improve this article
1356:Musée de la Serrure
1209:Fingerprint scanner
1118:Steering-wheel lock
1053:Chubb detector lock
961:Magnetic keyed lock
889:Three-point locking
355:Internal mechanisms
252:Multiple-dial locks
203:period tomb on the
996:Wafer tumbler lock
956:Lever tumbler lock
646:"Thème Serrurerie"
587:"Combination lock"
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71:"Combination lock"
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1331:Exit control lock
1058:Child safety lock
951:Disc tumbler lock
802:Physical security
706:HowStuffWorks.com
498:978-1-58839-589-4
292:Single-dial locks
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18:Combination locks
16:(Redirected from
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1244:Occupancy sensor
1103:Power door locks
1036:Other lock types
1005:Electronic locks
971:Combination lock
946:Pin tumbler lock
934:Mechanical locks
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689:on 28 July 2011.
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455:(2): 210–213.
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67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
1441:Locksmithing
1407:
1395:
1383:
1265:Piezo switch
1174:Alarm device
1141:Lock bumping
1133:Lock picking
1093:Luggage lock
1043:Bicycle lock
1027:Keycard lock
970:
920:Skeleton key
872:Mortise lock
852:Key retainer
749:lock picking
745:locksmithing
684:the original
671:
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599:
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568:. Retrieved
564:
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543:Google Books
537:
528:Google Books
522:
513:Google Books
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78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
1361:Puzzle lock
1346:Lock Museum
1280:Reed switch
1189:Card reader
1098:Night latch
1048:Bramah lock
941:Warded lock
777:Key control
423:Immobiliser
377:Master Lock
314:permutation
277:Master Lock
1430:Categories
1224:Key switch
1073:Door chain
905:Berlin key
434:References
348:bank vault
262:briefcases
205:Kerameikos
82:newspapers
1204:Dual loop
1184:Car alarm
1146:Locksport
1068:Dead bolt
1063:Crash bar
986:Time lock
925:Smart key
842:Key blank
300:found on
266:suitcases
217:Al-Jazari
215:engineer
112:June 2009
1285:Tripwire
1156:Snap gun
1151:Slim Jim
1123:The Club
1083:Knox Box
915:Keychain
877:Rim lock
847:Key code
807:Rekeying
797:Password
570:15 April
418:Password
407:See also
399:Kaba Mas
387:Wordlock
302:padlocks
152:sequence
140:Wordlock
966:Padlock
910:Car key
862:Lockset
857:Lockrod
832:Bitting
428:Keycard
260:locks,
258:bicycle
195:History
96:scholar
1229:Keypad
751:, and
495:
395:Conair
391:Dudley
334:keypad
264:, and
213:Muslim
209:Athens
174:teeth.
98:
91:
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77:
69:
1402:Locks
1251:(PIR)
1088:Latch
741:Locks
687:(PDF)
680:(PDF)
663:(PDF)
561:(PDF)
306:safes
247:Types
201:Roman
103:JSTOR
89:books
1414:Book
1390:Keys
898:Keys
572:2017
493:ISBN
402:CJSJ
372:ABUS
310:cams
296:The
156:cams
75:news
58:by
1432::
747:,
743:,
589:.
563:.
545:.
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469:,
453:85
451:.
207:,
146:A
138:A
733:e
726:t
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574:.
530:.
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279:.
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