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PACT Training
Institute. The Y-ACT Program contains a series of workshops that aim to discuss child trafficking, healthy relationships, healthy virtual identities, and community as a resource. Y-ACT offers both standalone and series workshops, tailored to the needs of participants in terms of length, curriculum, and age ranges, with a focus on creating a student-centered environment that promotes safety, empowerment, and inclusivity. The CSAM Prevention Program offers a safe environment for parents to learn about identifying trafficking and exploitation warning signs, covering topics such as online safety, managing discussions with youth, and utilizing community resources, with programs available in both English and Spanish at no cost. The PACT Training Institute provides training for professionals working with children on human trafficking, covering red flags and steps to take when concerns arise, aiming to equip staff with confidence in addressing complex issues, ultimately fostering environments where children feel safe to seek help.
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cases, when children are brought into the sex trade industry, they are beaten and raped until they are so broken they no longer try to escape. Physical hazards can also include infertility, cervical cancer, assault, and sometimes murder. Pregnancy is also a physical risk factor for many children. Much like if they are found to have HIV or AIDS, the girls are thrown out of the brothels with nowhere to go. Many of the children "break the conscious link between mind and body" in order to function in these situations (Bales 221). By doing so, many children begin to think they are nothing more than "whores" and some develop suicidal thoughts. Other psychological risk factors include sleep and eating disorders, gender-disturbed sexual identity, hysteria, and even homicidal rage.
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system of severe human exploitation, violent crimes against children followed by child abuse, and violations of their rights. Child slavery and human trafficking are global public health concerns with profound risks to life-course trauma and health. Globally, over 50% of child trafficking victims are recruited by family and friends, and children account for 27% of all human trafficking victims happening worldwide, with two out of every three child victims being girls.
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depression. Sexual abuse can lead to other results of self-harm, substance abuse, eating disorders, pregnancy, sleep disorders, suicide, and multiple other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Experiencing sexual abuse is not something any child should endure or would choose for themselves at all, yet due to their young nature and innocence they are forced to cope with unavoidable situations and symptoms from the trauma they have endured.
1841:, which is defined as "the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation", and a child as any person under the age of 18. However, not all trafficked children are trafficked for the purposes of CSEC. Furthermore, the sexual abuse of child trafficking victims at work may not necessarily constitute CSEC. Likewise, CSEC is also part of, but distinct from other forms of
2263:(ILO) global child labour figures "...worldwide that there are 246 million exploited children aged between 5 and 17 involved in debt bondage, forced recruitment for armed conflict, prostitution, pornography, the illegal drug trade, the illegal arms trade and other illicit activities around the world".
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Several organizations make a conscious effort to contribute to CSEC prevention. We Are Pact, for example, has three educational initiatives where they actively advocate different individuals to contribute to prevention. These initiatives include the Y-ACT Program, the CSAM Prevention
Program, and the
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One of the many ways to aid in CSEC prevention is through education. The previously mentioned
Protocol requires members to provide preventative measures against child sexual exploitation; among these preventative measures is educating the public, especially families, on the dangers of sex tourism and
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The Rapid
Assessment survey, developed by the ILO's International Programme for the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), relies on interviews and other, mainly qualitative, techniques, to provide a picture of a specific activity in a limited geographic area.
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Multiple dangers come with exploitation when it comes to children, as we know children are among the most vulnerable people when it comes to our society and should be watched over and guarded carefully from all types of dangers in the world. Many people often think of abuse as just physical; cuts and
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Outside physical and psychological dangers lies fear of the law. Many girls and women are illegally trafficked across borders. If they manage to escape from the brothel or pimp, the women and children quickly come to the attention of the authorities. Because they do not have proper documentation they
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The emergence of these online communities has also boosted and promoted communication between local offenders, both bonding over and normalizing their interest in children, desensitizing them to the physical and psychological damages sometimes anonymously that way they can share without fear of being
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The best form of preventing commercial sexual exploitation of children is privacy. Preventing unknown adults from being around a child can prevent potential groomers from being around a child. INHOPE claims, "Many groomers perceive the presence of parents as an increased risk of being detected." In
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There are many ways to start these methods and reaffirm them as a child grows. For example, parents can teach their children the different body parts, emphasizing that it is normal and healthy to talk about this openly. Also, parents can teach them the importance of saying "no" whenever they are in
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is one of the leaders in creating these educational opportunities for young girls. Other efforts involve educating police, medical, and school personnel on how to identify CSEC victims and respond in a situation involving CSEC, and educating potential CSEC victims about the tactics recruiters often
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In 2016, the exploration of child sexual abuse (CSA) effects in
Eastern Trinidad was conducted, as it was suggested that children may be at risk of experiencing sexual abuse. Child trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery that is rapidly growing in the United States. A mutating and multifaceted
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Prevention starts with early instillment throughout childhood. Children need to be knowledgeable of their bodily autonomy, which parents can instill from an early age. "Body autonomy begins with simple things you can teach your child, starting in their toddler years and reaffirming the lessons as
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Whether the children be in pornography, brothels, or trafficked, they are all at risk for sexually transmitted infections, physical violence, and psychological deterioration. Research has shown that "fifty to ninety percent of children in brothels in
Southeast Asia are infected with HIV". In many
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The growth of the
Internet has allowed sex traffickers to make a bigger profit from their illegal activities. For example, cybersex traffickers have the power to share a victim with other sex buyers, opening up a bigger pool of dangerous individuals. Virtual platforms create a more cost-effective
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a fundamental violation of children's rights. It comprises sexual abuse by the adult and remuneration in cash or kind to the child or a third person or persons. The child is treated as a sexual object and as a commercial object. The commercial sexual exploitation of children constitutes a form of
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According to the Office of the
Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, "Between 244,000 and 325,000 American youth are considered at risk for sexual exploitation, and an estimated 199,000 incidents of sexual exploitation of minors occur each year in the United States." Within the United
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and within the government is strongly related to commercial sexual exploitation specifically, human trafficking. However, it is nearly impossible for research to be conducted in this area due to significant challenges that are faced such as the lack of information available on corruption within
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Another effort taking great stride in CSEC prevention is the
Interdiction for the Protection of Children program, which employs proactive policing tactics aimed at preventing criminal offenses, with a focus on rescuing child victims of sexual abuse and exploitation, as well as those at risk of
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The effects of children used in child pornography can have psychological, emotional, and physical effects on a survivor. These are inescapable repercussions which can include general symptoms of flashbacks, as well as post-traumatic stress disorder that could lead a child to sink into a deep
2119:. Due to the complexity of commercial sexual exploitation governments and organizations have little understanding as to what the causes are; however, there are factors that can influence the prevalence of commercial sexual exploitation of children. Some of those factors are the following:
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is the "representation of a child engaged in explicit sexual activities or any representation of the sexual parts of a child for primarily sexual purposes" whether in real life or simulated. When it comes to the representations of child pornography they include and come in many forms being
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and exploitation towards children, which are profoundly harmful to the child victims, being a form of child abuse. Those who seek to or are currently participating in the exploitation of children are currently connecting on
Internet networks in order to sell, share, and trade material.
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caught. The advancement of technology has led sex traffickers to "adopt and adapt new online capabilities to target and exploit victims and create 'market' opportunities". Technology is available in almost every aspect of the world, giving sex traffickers easier access entirely.
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and increasing their confidence in the world and themselves. When this is not available children become more vulnerable to being trafficked. With the lack of funding of schools within lower-income areas it is difficult to get students engaged with school leading to
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Extremely difficult to intercept on proactive basis. Pimps and pornographers use juvenile hustlers and molested children as subjects. May later emerge in foreign publications. Parental consent binds guilty parties to secrecy; increasing emphasis on suggestive
1784:, the lack of reporting the crime and "the difficulties associated with identifying and measuring victims and perpetrators" has made it almost impossible to create a national estimate of the prevalence of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in the
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Still available, with emphasis on use of Third World youths as models; periodic inroads into traffic by foreign police and U.S. federal law enforcement agencies; reactive nature of police investigations precludes permanent abolition of production and
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victimization. Additionally, it conducts investigations to identify offenders and individuals posing a high risk to children, while also gathering intelligence on offender methodologies to inform law enforcement intervention efforts.
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photographs, audiotapes, and especially videos that portray children performing sexual acts with objects, adults even other children. The children are subjected to exploitation, rape, pedophilia, and in extreme cases, murder.
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can prevent the exposure of sexual exploitation. Being clear with children about the harms that can be inflicted due to the invasion of privacy is critical. Many children are often confused by the current
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Willis, Brian M., and Barry S. Levy. "Child Prostitution Is a Global Health Problem." Prostitution and Sex Trafficking: Opposing Viewpoints. By Louise I. Gerdes. Detroit: Greenhaven, 2006. 48–56. Print.
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force children into pornography as a way of conditioning them to believe that what they are doing is acceptable. Pimps may then use the pornography to blackmail the child and extort money from clients.
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Campagna, Daniel S., and Donald L. Poffenberger. "Child Pornography." The Sexual Trafficking in Children: An Investigation of the Child Sex Trade. Dover, MA: Auburn House Pub., 1988. 116–38. Print.
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Know where your children are and who they are with. "Make it a family rule that if your children's plans change, they must notify you before they do something or go somewhere you don't know about."
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The Declaration and Agenda for Action, adopted during the First World Congress against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children, held in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1996, formally defines CSEC as:
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Thoroughly get to know the adults present in your children's lives. "Any adult that seems more interested in your children than you do should raise a cautionary flag in your mind."
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resolution 55/25 of 15 November 2000". This convention is meant to target three areas of organized crime one of those areas being "the protocol to prevent, suppress and punish
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to have access to trafficked children from other countries. Traffickers often travel to underdeveloped countries to take advantage of the lack of laws surrounding the crime of
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There has been multiple agreements and works of actions put in place to fight against the commercial sexual exploitation of children. One of the actions being taken is the
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Extremely resilient, despite harsh federal laws occasional disruption of the flow of merchandise. Resold in neighboring countries and exported to Asia, Europe, and Africa.
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are often discriminated as well; leading to a significant disproportionate number of children belonging to minorities becoming victims of commercial sexual exploitation.
2336:. This Congress' turnout for advocating and speaking out against the sexual exploitation of children was incredible. There was over 3,000 attendees coming from over 135
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Pornography made at the local level is the mainstay of the pedophilic subculture; typically discovered during police search or accidentally via postal investigations.
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Roby, J. L. "Women and Children in the Global Sex Trade: Toward More Effective Policy."International Social Work 48.2 (2005): 136–47. Sage Journals. Web. 9 Oct. 2013.
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and other nongovernmental organizations to create the world Congress that fights to bring awareness to the problem of commercial sexual exploitation of children.
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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, the most recent year for which national data is available, "the actual number of children abused is likely underreported".
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are detained by the authorities. If they are held in local jails, the women and children often suffer further abuse and exploitation by the police.
2220:". Unfortunately, due to this belief, the market for underage girls in the prostitution or trafficking is greatly demanded. Children that belong to
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Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States: A Guide for Providers of Victim and Support Services
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an uncomfortable situation. Last but not least, it is key for parents to emphasize that secrets "should always be shared with a trusted adult".
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It is difficult to pinpoint specific causes of commercial sexual exploitation of children because of the underlying issues weaved in to
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bruises but physical violence is just one form that abuse takes with other forms including sexual, emotional abuse along with neglect.
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Lowest quality of all the markets; relies on retail level technology (instant cameras. Photostats). Direct purchase or exchange, mail.
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are unaware of the dangers surrounding commercial exploitation of children and view it as a chance for a better life for their child.
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2429:, as well as the National Child Abuse Hotline, 800.4.A.CHILD (422-4453). Educate them on the importance of knowing these resources.
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2759:"OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD ON THE SALE OF CHILDREN, CHILD PROSTITUTION AND CHILD PORNOGRAPHY"
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today's time, many groomers approach children online due to the feeling of protection. Creating privacy settings on children's
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Many cultures and governments have biased views on the value of a man versus a woman. There are many societies for example,
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Transient identities and locations of pornographers, rapid turnover in children used as models, and parental release forms.
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Victims coerced or blackmailed into silence; offender's mobility and good reputation often insulate from any suspicion.
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on to a child as a financial or personal opportunity. Commercial Sexual Exploitation consists of forcing a child into
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Use of middleman to arrange routine purchases, parental release form, and mobile production and developmental sites.
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approach for sex traffickers, as they don't have to physically transport victims or obtain a physical location.
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Human Trafficking and Public Corruption a Report by the IBA's Presidential Task Force Against Human Trafficking
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Primarily freelance pornographers, with some work hired out on contractual basis by local pimps or pedophiles.
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The first world meeting to fight globally against the commercial sexual exploitation of children was held in
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coming in to contact with minors. Monitoring children's online friendships and knowing the signs of a
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Mobile production and development sites, false identities, multiple disguised mailings of merchandise.
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2274:(UNFPA) estimate that 2 million children are exploited in prostitution or pornography every year.
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and any other venture of exploiting children into sexual activities. According to the Office of
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Roby, J.L. (2005). "Women and children in the global sex trade: Toward more effective policy".
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While it is impossible to know the true extent of the problem, given its illegal nature, the
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State-of-art technology in audiovisual equipment, development, and mass reproduction process.
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3216:"United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto"
3198:"United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto"
2720:"U.S. Is a Top Destination for Child Sex Trafficking, and It's Happening in Your Community"
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3160:"Global Concern for Children's Rights: The World Congress Against Sexual Exploitation"
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lives on less than $ 2.00 a day" with around 2.5 billion humans being at risk for
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globally; of the one million children that are exploited, the majority are girls.
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United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Sale and Sexual Exploitation of Children
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2581:"Human Trafficking Into and Within the United States: A Review of the Literature"
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and are harshly punished. Child pornography generally involves egregious acts of
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Prevention can drastically improve with safety measures, such as the following:
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States, schools are one of the biggest targets of children becoming trafficked.
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The World Congress III against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents
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by someone they know, such as a friend, family member, or romantic partner".
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There is an estimated 1-2 million minors that are exploited sexually through
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3234:"World Congress III against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents"
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The sexual trafficking in children: an investigation of the child sex trade
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Bourke, Michael L.; Prestridge, Derek; Malterer, Melanie B. (2016-09-01).
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and parents. Some parents trade their child for money as a way to pay off
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3465:"10 Ways to Protect your Child from Sexual Abuse and Exploitation Online"
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provided to them due to the lack of "specific privacy rules or actions".
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2918:. U.S. Catholic Sisters Against Human Trafficking – via IPJC.org.
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Mail (commercial, U.S.), direct purchase or exchange, adult bookstores.
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Commercial transaction that involves the sexual exploitation of a child
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International Fight Against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children
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2320:" on November 25 through 28th in 2008. The Congress was composed of
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or maybe properly nourished, or even a possible money trade between
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Adult bookstores, mail (commercial and Postal Service), direct sale.
1788:. There is an estimated one million children that are exploited for
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Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse
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3484:"Teaching privacy: A flawed strategy for children's online safety"
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Medicine, Institute of; Council, National Research (2014-06-20),
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2971:"3.3 Commercial sexual exploitation of children and young people"
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Teach your children, when the appropriate age arrives, about the
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Syndicated sex rings, entrepreneurs, and freelance photographers.
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Global woman: nannies, maids, and sex workers in the new economy
2560:"Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Sex Trafficking"
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Ensure any social media accounts your children have are private.
2151:. Due to the lack of education, many of these parents living in
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3.3 Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Young People
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Finkelhor, David; Jones, Lisa; Mitchell, Kimberly (July 2021).
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United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
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United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
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3083:"IPEC Ministry of Labour & Employment|Government of India"
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Made in the U.S.A.: The Sex Trafficking of America's Children
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Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
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2183:, children become lured into commercial sexual exploitation.
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provide protection and stability for children while learning
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Association for the Treatment and Prevention of Sexual Abuse
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Association for the Treatment and Prevention of Sexual Abuse
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Community or neighborhood pedophiles, sex rings, and pimps.
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Private developing studios and labs; lower quality material.
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A study conducted on the correlation between corruption in
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around the ages 12–14 years old. These children typically "
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every year. Most children in the U.S. become a part of the
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Child sexual abuse in New York City religious institutions
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Finkelhor, David; Jones, Lisa; Mitchell, Kimberly (2021).
3414:"Preventing Child Sexual Abuse: What Parents Need to Know"
3106:
2877:"Cyberspace: A Fertile Hunting Ground for Sex Traffickers"
2509:
Towards the Elimination of the worst forms of Child Labour
2494:
International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour
4383:
Jehovah's Witnesses' handling of child sexual abuse cases
2482:
2217:
1781:
3370:
2836:
2815:
2813:
2330:
NGO Group for the Convention on the Rights of the Child
2199:
4044:
Legal status of fictional pornography depicting minors
3532:
IACAC-International Agency for Crimes Against Children
3481:
3408:
3406:
2671:
3965:
2567:
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
2307:
trafficking in persons, especially women and children
2287:
4253:
National Center for Missing & Exploited Children
3002:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2810:
2290:
in 1994. ECPAT then worked collaboratively with the
1413:
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
3403:
2891:"Responding to Sexual Exploitation: Tracia's Trust"
2364:Theater about sexual violence against children in
2993:
2931:"Education as a Tool to Combat Human Trafficking"
1754:Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC)
4498:
4243:Child Exploitation and Online Protection Command
1528:13th Amendment to the United States Constitution
4475:
3042:
2288:End Child Prostitution in Asian Tourism (ECPAT)
1963:The production, possession and distribution of
3543:
2394:
2089:
3951:
3587:
3010:(2003), "Because she looks like a child", in
2820:Daniel Campagna; Donald Poffenberger (1988).
1980:Fig.1 Child Pornography Points of Production
1734:
4217:Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests
4097:Debate on the causes of clerical child abuse
2969:Tautx, Siegrid; Bahr, Angela; Wolte, Sonja.
2530:Relevant ILO conventions and recommendations
2212:cultures that believe "that having sex with
2041:Organized crime and freelance pornographers.
1795:
1533:Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom
2227:
1909:with a trafficked child The prevalence of
1782:Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
4058:Commercial sexual exploitation of children
3958:
3944:
3594:
3580:
3164:International Family Planning Perspectives
2968:
2955:– via International Bar Association.
2607:"National Child Abuse Statistics from NCA"
2541:Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation
2186:
1897:involves predators that travel from their
1741:
1727:
4107:Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome
3900:Child sexual abuse accommodation syndrome
3059:"FACT SHEET: LABOR TRAFFICKING (English)"
3024:, New York: Metropolitan Books, pp.
2949:"Human Trafficking and Public Corruption"
2775:
4328:List of pedophile advocacy organizations
3220:United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime
3202:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
3123:
2359:
2286:in 1996. The idea was first proposed by
1538:Abolition of slave trade in Persian gulf
1403:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery
1383:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
2524:United States Postal Inspection Service
2115:and hidden acts that occur within this
4499:
3905:False allegation of child sexual abuse
3157:
2536:Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
2007:Essentially the same as international.
4346:Anglican Communion sexual abuse cases
4207:Circles of Support and Accountability
3939:
3575:
3006:
2964:
2962:
2874:
2738:"Extraterritorial Child Sexual Abuse"
1425:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention
1102:Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea
4403:Sexual abuse cases in Haredi Judaism
2781:
2255:Child prostitution § Prevalence
2200:Gender-specific and cultural aspects
2158:
1951:is often used as a gateway into the
1917:has increased the accessibility for
1889:
1617:Slave marriages in the United States
1221:Human trafficking in the Middle East
3664:Genital modification and mutilation
2928:
2824:. Dover, MA: Auburn House Pub. Co.
2751:
2745:Extraterritorial Child Sexual Abuse
2631:"Declaration and Agenda for Action"
2488:Immigration and Customs Enforcement
2030:Direct purchase or exchange, mail.
956:Human trafficking in Southeast Asia
13:
4351:Catholic Church sexual abuse cases
3537:
3135:. 16 December 2013. Archived from
2959:
2407:
2383:use to reach at-risk individuals.
1610:last survivors of American slavery
14:
4548:
3874:Laws regarding child sexual abuse
3761:in education in the United States
3563:
3441:"How Can I Prevent Sexual Abuse?"
3379:. U.S. Marshals Service and FBI.
2647:
2623:
2348:. 300 of these participants were
2261:International Labour Organization
571:Field slaves in the United States
438:Slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate
4443:
3918:
3853:Sociobiological theories of rape
3601:
2771:from the original on 2014-01-04.
2661:from the original on 2013-12-27.
2643:from the original on 2019-02-06.
2499:Mongolian Gender Equality Center
2139:that their children will become
448:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
443:Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate
272:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
42:
4484:, National Academies Press (US)
4469:
3475:
3457:
3377:Aggression and Violent Behavior
3364:
3340:
3316:
3292:
3268:
3244:
3226:
3208:
3190:
3151:
3099:
3075:
3051:
2984:
2941:
2922:
2909:"Poverty and Human Trafficking"
2901:
2883:
2868:
2850:
2427:National Sexual Assault Hotline
1869:
1398:Committee of Experts on Slavery
949:East, Southeast, and South Asia
3884:Sexually violent predator laws
2730:
2712:
2665:
2599:
2573:
2552:
2272:United Nations Population Fund
2135:. The parents are promised by
1936:
1837:CSEC is often associated with
1807:
1097:Slave raiding in Easter Island
1:
4258:Prevention Project Dunkelfeld
3828:Effects and aftermath of rape
3525:
2916:Poverty and Human Trafficking
2355:
2248:
1933:, and other various factors.
4186:Cognitive behavioral therapy
3500:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105064
2690:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105064
2611:National Children's Alliance
2372:
1831:contemporary form of slavery
1388:Temporary Slavery Commission
1049:Slavery in the Mongol Empire
7:
4413:Brooklyn's Haredi community
4398:Scouting sexual abuse cases
4195:Research and support groups
3158:Mahler, Karen (June 1997).
2514:Trafficking in human beings
2443:can protect from potential
2395:What Parents Can Contribute
2090:Live streaming sexual abuse
2021:Mail, courier, direct sale.
1408:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery
453:Volga Bulgarian slave trade
10:
4553:
4450:Human sexuality portal
4002:Behavior and legal aspects
2433:
2252:
2122:
1756:defines the "umbrella" of
1593:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
1430:Anti-Slavery International
1195:North Africa and West Asia
4438:
4388:Mormon sexual abuse cases
4338:
4323:Pedophile advocacy groups
4309:Sweetie (internet avatar)
4281:
4230:
4194:
4168:
4115:
4001:
3977:
3913:
3892:
3866:
3823:Causes of sexual violence
3808:
3609:
3548:. HigherLife Publishing.
3488:Child Abuse & Neglect
3389:10.1016/j.avb.2016.07.009
3348:"PACT Training Institute"
3324:"CSAM Prevention Program"
2784:International Social Work
2678:Child Abuse & Neglect
2102:
1823:violence against children
1796:CSEC in the United States
1689:Emancipation Proclamation
1361:Opposition and resistance
1119:Sex trafficking in Europe
1107:Blackbirding in Polynesia
670:Trans-Saharan slave trade
4231:Prevention organizations
2796:10.1177/0020872805050206
2747:– via Justice.org.
2546:
2228:Dangers and consequences
2111:as a whole such as, the
1864:
1760:that involve inflicting
1469:Compensated emancipation
680:Indian Ocean slave trade
4418:Jewish Care controversy
4289:Anti-pedophile activism
3544:Alisa Jordheim (2014).
2875:NCOSE (June 30, 2022).
2724:The Heritage Foundation
2519:Trafficking of children
2187:Corrupt law enforcement
1895:Child sex tourism (CST)
1393:1926 Slavery Convention
1149:Germany in World War II
766:North and South America
288:Contract of manumission
4248:Jewish Community Watch
3252:"Give a year-end gift"
2369:
2318:Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2301:which was "adopted by
874:British Virgin Islands
426:Circassian slave trade
392:Safavid imperial harem
387:Ottoman Imperial Harem
4430:Child abuse in soccer
4009:Age of consent reform
2363:
2018:Distribution methods
1973:criminal sexual abuse
1880:prostitution industry
1758:crimes and activities
1113:Europe and North Asia
1073:Australia and Oceania
773:Pre-Columbian America
345:Slave raid of Suðuroy
277:Slavery in al-Andalus
199:Black Sea slave trade
128:21st-century jihadism
4263:The Awareness Center
4078:Cybersex trafficking
3848:Rape trauma syndrome
3654:Cybersex trafficking
2895:Province of Manitoba
2674:"Child Prostitution"
2334:Brazilian Government
1925:, corruption within
1568:Indentured servitude
1496:Underground Railroad
1296:United Arab Emirates
685:Zanzibar slave trade
652:By country or region
465:Atlantic slave trade
367:Ma malakat aymanukum
251:Venetian slave trade
4537:Sexual exploitation
4517:Forced prostitution
4408:Adass Israel School
4315:To Catch a Predator
4222:Virtuous Pedophiles
4176:Chemical castration
3879:Laws regarding rape
3659:Forced prostitution
3418:HealthyChildren.org
3016:Ehrenreich, Barbara
2222:cultural minorities
2181:financial stability
2175:. With the lack of
2109:sexual exploitation
2052:Evasion techniques
1981:
1654:Slave Route Project
785:Americas indigenous
675:Red Sea slave trade
665:Contemporary Africa
528:Topics and practice
298:Crimean slave trade
293:Bukhara slave trade
246:Genoese slave trade
123:Contemporary Africa
103:Forced prostitution
4522:Child prostitution
4512:Child sexual abuse
4063:Child prostitution
3971:child sexual abuse
3642:Child prostitution
3632:Child exploitation
3186:– via JSTOR.
2461:Child sexual abuse
2370:
2366:Coronel Fabriciano
2332:, and lastly, the
2129:world's population
2001:Production format
1979:
1967:are prohibited by
1923:child prostitution
1847:child sexual abuse
1435:Blockade of Africa
742:Somali slave trade
658:Sub-Saharan Africa
350:Turkish Abductions
308:Khivan slave trade
303:Khazar slave trade
256:Balkan slave trade
214:Prague slave trade
4465:
4464:
4456:Psychology portal
4304:Perverted-Justice
4169:Treatment methods
4073:Child trafficking
4068:Child sex tourism
4019:Child pornography
3933:
3932:
3773:Sexual misconduct
3751:Sexual harassment
3647:Child sex tourism
3637:Child pornography
3012:Hochschild, Arlie
2569:: 1. August 2014.
2454:privacy education
2346:civil communities
2284:Stockholm, Sweden
2159:Lack of education
2133:human trafficking
2127:"Over 35% of the
2087:
2086:
1965:child pornography
1942:Child pornography
1929:, high levels of
1890:Child sex tourism
1855:domestic violence
1839:child trafficking
1825:, and amounts to
1778:child sex tourism
1751:
1750:
1701:Freedmen's Bureau
1523:Third Servile War
1518:International law
1085:Human trafficking
847:Human trafficking
522:Thirteen colonies
340:Sack of Baltimore
108:Human trafficking
4544:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4473:
4448:
4447:
4371:Society of Jesus
4090:Marriageable age
3960:
3953:
3946:
3937:
3936:
3923:
3922:
3617:Bride kidnapping
3596:
3589:
3582:
3573:
3572:
3559:
3520:
3519:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3437:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3410:
3401:
3400:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3055:
3049:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3004:
2991:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2975:
2966:
2957:
2956:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2929:Gardner, Allie.
2926:
2920:
2919:
2913:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2854:
2848:
2845:
2834:
2833:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2763:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2742:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2635:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2587:. 29 August 2009
2577:
2571:
2570:
2564:
2556:
2449:risky friendship
2303:General Assembly
1982:
1978:
1907:sexual relations
1743:
1736:
1729:
1713:Emancipation Day
1546:
1513:Slave Trade Acts
204:Byzantine Empire
46:
19:
18:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4527:Sex trafficking
4497:
4496:
4495:
4487:
4485:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4461:
4442:
4434:
4423:Manny Waks case
4334:
4277:
4226:
4190:
4164:
4111:
3997:
3973:
3964:
3934:
3929:
3917:
3909:
3888:
3862:
3810:
3804:
3788:Sexual violence
3778:Sexual predator
3766:in the military
3746:Sexual grooming
3741:Sexual bullying
3731:Sex trafficking
3605:
3600:
3566:
3556:
3540:
3538:Further reading
3528:
3523:
3480:
3476:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3449:
3447:
3439:
3438:
3431:
3422:
3420:
3412:
3411:
3404:
3369:
3365:
3356:
3354:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3332:
3330:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3308:
3306:
3300:"Y-ACT Program"
3298:
3297:
3293:
3284:
3282:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3260:
3258:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3176:10.2307/2950828
3156:
3152:
3142:
3140:
3139:on 29 June 2012
3129:
3128:
3124:
3115:
3113:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3091:
3089:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3067:
3065:
3063:www.acf.hhs.gov
3057:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3043:
3036:
3005:
2994:
2989:
2985:
2973:
2967:
2960:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2935:United Way Blog
2927:
2923:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2873:
2869:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2837:
2818:
2811:
2780:
2776:
2768:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2670:
2666:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2640:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2615:
2613:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2588:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2436:
2410:
2408:Safety Measures
2397:
2375:
2358:
2280:
2270:UNICEF and the
2257:
2251:
2230:
2202:
2193:law enforcement
2189:
2161:
2125:
2117:organized crime
2105:
2092:
1955:industry. Many
1939:
1901:to a different
1892:
1872:
1867:
1810:
1798:
1770:sex trafficking
1747:
1718:
1717:
1622:Slave narrative
1578:Fugitive slaves
1558:
1550:
1549:
1540:
1508:Slave rebellion
1363:
1353:
1352:
1311:
1301:
1300:
1123:United Kingdom
1059:Yankee princess
653:
645:
644:
372:Avret Pazarları
318:Avret Pazarları
187:Medieval Europe
153:
143:
142:
81:Forced marriage
56:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4550:
4540:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4494:
4493:
4467:
4463:
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4460:
4459:
4452:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4366:media coverage
4363:
4358:
4348:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4330:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4294:Creep Catchers
4285:
4283:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4265:
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4255:
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4165:
4163:
4162:
4160:United Kingdom
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4121:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4085:Child marriage
4082:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4055:
4053:Child sex ring
4050:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4046:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4016:
4014:Child grooming
4011:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3975:
3974:
3963:
3962:
3955:
3948:
3940:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3925:Law portal
3914:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3902:
3896:
3894:
3893:Related topics
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3858:Victim blaming
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3814:
3812:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3785:
3783:Sexual slavery
3780:
3775:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3736:Sexual assault
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3671:
3669:Money marriage
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3627:Child-on-child
3619:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3599:
3598:
3591:
3584:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3564:External links
3562:
3561:
3560:
3555:978-1939183408
3554:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3474:
3456:
3429:
3402:
3363:
3339:
3315:
3291:
3267:
3243:
3225:
3207:
3189:
3150:
3122:
3111:www.unicef.org
3098:
3074:
3050:
3041:
3034:
2992:
2983:
2958:
2940:
2921:
2900:
2882:
2867:
2862:Tech Coalition
2849:
2835:
2809:
2774:
2750:
2729:
2711:
2664:
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2527:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2472:Demons of Eden
2468:
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2435:
2432:
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2430:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2409:
2406:
2396:
2393:
2374:
2371:
2357:
2354:
2316:took place in
2279:
2276:
2250:
2247:
2229:
2226:
2216:rejuvenates a
2201:
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2188:
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2157:
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2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1987:International
1985:
1938:
1935:
1891:
1888:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1835:
1834:
1809:
1806:
1797:
1794:
1790:commercial sex
1774:early marriage
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1600:List of slaves
1597:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1318:
1312:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1144:Dutch Republic
1141:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1076:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1012:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1000:
990:
989:
988:
983:
978:
968:
963:
958:
952:
951:
945:
944:
939:
932:
931:
930:
925:
915:
910:
905:
904:
903:
893:
888:
887:
886:
881:
876:
871:
861:
856:
851:
850:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
794:
793:
792:
782:
781:
780:
769:
768:
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
745:
744:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
688:
687:
677:
672:
667:
661:
660:
654:
651:
650:
647:
646:
643:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
616:
615:
611:
610:
605:
603:Child soldiers
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
579:
578:
568:
563:
558:
553:
552:
551:
546:
541:
530:
529:
525:
524:
519:
514:
512:Spanish Empire
509:
504:
499:
494:
492:Middle Passage
489:
484:
479:
474:
468:
467:
461:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
429:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
354:
353:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
322:
321:
320:
313:Ottoman Empire
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
274:
268:
267:
261:
260:
259:
258:
248:
243:
238:
237:
236:
231:
226:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
190:
189:
183:
182:
177:
172:
167:
161:
160:
154:
149:
148:
145:
144:
141:
140:
135:
133:Sexual slavery
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
99:
98:
93:
91:Child marriage
88:
78:
73:
68:
66:Child soldiers
63:
57:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4549:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4483:
4479:
4478:"The Problem"
4472:
4468:
4458:
4457:
4453:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4431:
4428:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4229:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4167:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4114:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4029:Child erotica
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4000:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3981:
3980:chronophilias
3976:
3972:
3968:
3961:
3956:
3954:
3949:
3947:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3915:
3912:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3807:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
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3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
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3657:
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3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3590:
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3583:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3557:
3551:
3547:
3542:
3541:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3478:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3419:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3367:
3353:
3349:
3343:
3329:
3325:
3319:
3305:
3301:
3295:
3281:
3277:
3271:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3239:
3235:
3229:
3221:
3217:
3211:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3154:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3126:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3088:
3087:labour.gov.in
3084:
3078:
3064:
3060:
3054:
3045:
3037:
3035:9780805075090
3031:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2987:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2963:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2936:
2932:
2925:
2917:
2910:
2904:
2896:
2892:
2886:
2878:
2871:
2863:
2859:
2853:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2816:
2814:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2767:
2760:
2754:
2746:
2739:
2733:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2639:
2632:
2626:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2568:
2561:
2555:
2551:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2428:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2405:
2401:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2378:trafficking.
2367:
2362:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2275:
2273:
2268:
2264:
2262:
2256:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2197:
2194:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2100:
2096:
2082:
2078:
2075:
2073:distribution.
2071:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1905:to engage in
1904:
1900:
1896:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1862:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1832:
1828:
1827:forced labour
1824:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1805:
1802:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1786:United States
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1744:
1739:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1644:Slave catcher
1642:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1573:Forced labour
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1544:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1418:Abolitionists
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1020:comfort women
1018:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1003:Chukri System
1001:
999:
996:
995:
994:
991:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
973:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
953:
950:
947:
946:
943:
940:
937:
933:
929:
926:
924:
921:
920:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
902:
899:
898:
897:
894:
892:
891:Latin America
889:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
866:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
848:
845:
843:
842:interregional
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
827:prison labour
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
798:
797:United States
795:
791:
788:
787:
786:
783:
779:
776:
775:
774:
771:
770:
767:
764:
763:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
743:
740:
739:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
686:
683:
682:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
659:
656:
655:
649:
648:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
613:
612:
609:
608:White slavery
606:
604:
601:
599:
598:Slave raiding
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
577:
574:
573:
572:
569:
567:
566:Corvée labour
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
536:
535:
532:
531:
527:
526:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
469:
466:
463:
462:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
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383:
382:Abbasid harem
380:
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325:Barbary Coast
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37:
33:
32:Forced labour
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
4507:Child labour
4486:, retrieved
4481:
4471:
4454:
4313:
4299:Dark Justice
4282:Social views
4057:
3993:Ephebophilia
3843:Rape culture
3809:Sociological
3756:in education
3726:Revenge porn
3631:
3603:Sexual abuse
3545:
3491:
3487:
3477:
3468:
3459:
3448:. Retrieved
3444:
3421:. Retrieved
3417:
3380:
3376:
3366:
3355:. Retrieved
3351:
3342:
3331:. Retrieved
3327:
3318:
3307:. Retrieved
3303:
3294:
3283:. Retrieved
3279:
3270:
3259:. Retrieved
3256:World Vision
3255:
3246:
3237:
3228:
3219:
3210:
3201:
3192:
3170:(2): 79–84.
3167:
3163:
3153:
3141:. Retrieved
3137:the original
3131:
3125:
3114:. Retrieved
3110:
3101:
3090:. Retrieved
3086:
3077:
3066:. Retrieved
3062:
3053:
3044:
3020:
3008:Bales, Kevin
2986:
2977:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2924:
2915:
2903:
2894:
2885:
2870:
2861:
2852:
2821:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2753:
2744:
2732:
2723:
2714:
2681:
2677:
2667:
2649:
2625:
2614:. Retrieved
2610:
2601:
2589:. Retrieved
2584:
2575:
2566:
2554:
2470:
2437:
2411:
2402:
2400:they grow."
2398:
2389:
2385:
2380:World Vision
2376:
2342:institutions
2311:
2296:
2281:
2269:
2265:
2258:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2203:
2190:
2162:
2126:
2106:
2097:
2093:
1962:
1947:
1940:
1893:
1876:prostitution
1873:
1870:Prostitution
1859:
1849:, including
1836:
1811:
1803:
1799:
1766:prostitution
1762:sexual abuse
1753:
1752:
1649:Slave patrol
1486:Freedom suit
1462:Sierra Leone
1452:Colonization
1368:Abolitionism
1348:Baháʼí Faith
1321:Christianity
1271:Saudi Arabia
1127:Penal Labour
1092:Blackbirding
998:Debt bondage
986:penal system
812:Contemporary
802:Field slaves
790:U.S. Natives
749:South Africa
620:Galley slave
593:Slave market
583:House slaves
556:Blackbirding
534:Conscription
458:21st century
421:Umm al-walad
265:Muslim world
234:Emancipation
138:Wage slavery
118:Penal labour
96:Wife selling
86:Bride buying
71:Conscription
61:Child Labour
54:Contemporary
4212:Silentlambs
4150:New Zealand
4125:Afghanistan
3978:Associated
2858:"The Issue"
2591:February 8,
2466:Cybertip.ca
2445:traffickers
2350:adolescents
2196:societies.
2168:life skills
2137:traffickers
1949:Pornography
1937:Pornography
1919:traffickers
1843:child abuse
1808:Terminology
1664:court cases
1541: [
1491:Slave Power
1479:Manumission
1326:Catholicism
1201:Afghanistan
942:Puerto Rico
854:The Bahamas
832:Slave codes
635:Shanghaiing
625:Impressment
517:Slave Coast
397:Qajar harem
357:Concubinage
330:slave trade
4501:Categories
4488:2024-02-07
4356:by country
4181:Castration
4117:By country
3988:Hebephilia
3967:Pedophilia
3818:Aggression
3793:Statistics
3526:References
3469:INHOPE.org
3450:2024-02-14
3423:2024-02-13
3357:2024-02-08
3333:2024-02-08
3309:2024-02-08
3285:2024-02-08
3276:"About Us"
3261:2022-12-29
3116:2024-02-13
3092:2024-02-13
3068:2024-02-13
2830:B000J3OVOO
2616:2024-02-08
2441:technology
2356:Prevention
2338:government
2253:See also:
2249:Prevalence
2080:materials.
2035:Producers
1927:government
1884:trafficked
1851:child rape
1679:J.Q. Adams
1669:Washington
1639:Slave name
1588:convention
1563:Common law
936:Encomienda
732:Seychelles
717:Mauritania
640:Slave ship
507:Panyarring
502:New France
151:Historical
4130:Australia
4102:Pederasty
4034:Simulated
3709:Statutory
3516:233204976
3397:1359-1789
3383:: 68–75.
2804:145408534
2706:233204976
2373:Education
2368:, Brazil
2210:Cambodian
2177:education
1993:Regional
1990:National
1953:sex trade
1674:Jefferson
1331:Mormonism
1266:Palestine
1080:Australia
1010:Indonesia
901:Lei Áurea
884:Code Noir
864:Caribbean
837:Treatment
576:Treatment
549:Devshirme
411:Odalisque
229:In Russia
170:Babylonia
158:Antiquity
4145:Pakistan
4039:Legality
4024:Hurtcore
3838:Misogyny
3833:Misandry
3811:theories
3714:Of males
3704:By proxy
3508:33838395
3445:Bethesda
3143:22 March
3132:YAPI.org
3107:"UNICEF"
3018:(eds.),
2766:Archived
2698:33838395
2659:Archived
2638:Archived
2504:OneChild
2173:dropouts
2141:educated
1899:homeland
1819:coercion
1706:Iron bit
1696:40 acres
1659:breeding
1474:Freedman
1309:Religion
1169:Portugal
1054:Thailand
1044:Maldives
1039:Malaysia
1032:Kwalliso
976:Booi Aha
928:Restavek
908:Colombia
879:Trinidad
869:Barbados
759:Zanzibar
707:Ethiopia
588:Saqaliba
482:Database
433:Saqaliba
194:Ancillae
24:a series
22:Part of
4339:Related
4155:Nigeria
3694:Marital
3184:2950828
3026:207–229
2434:Privacy
2214:virgins
2206:Chinese
2164:Schools
2153:poverty
2145:groomer
2123:Poverty
2113:secrecy
2069:Status
1931:poverty
1915:tourism
1903:country
1684:Lincoln
1557:Related
1457:Liberia
1343:Judaism
1281:Tunisia
1256:Morocco
1246:Lebanon
1211:Bahrain
1206:Algeria
1174:Romania
1139:Denmark
1132:Slavery
1066:Vietnam
737:Somalia
727:Nigeria
702:Comoros
630:Pirates
539:Ghilman
472:Bristol
362:history
335:pirates
224:History
113:Peonage
36:slavery
4361:debate
4268:Tzedek
3721:Raptio
3699:Prison
3679:Campus
3552:
3514:
3506:
3395:
3238:UNICEF
3182:
3032:
2828:
2802:
2704:
2696:
2344:, and
2328:, the
2322:UNICEF
2103:Causes
1996:Local
1911:travel
1829:and a
1605:owners
1241:Kuwait
1236:Jordan
1189:Sweden
1179:Russia
1164:Poland
1159:Norway
981:Laogai
966:Brunei
961:Bhutan
923:revolt
896:Brazil
859:Canada
822:partus
807:female
692:Angola
561:Coolie
544:Mamluk
497:Nantes
477:Brazil
406:Cariye
241:Thrall
209:Kholop
175:Greece
4140:Egypt
4135:China
3622:Child
3610:Forms
3512:S2CID
3180:JSTOR
2974:(PDF)
2912:(PDF)
2800:S2CID
2790:(2).
2769:(PDF)
2762:(PDF)
2741:(PDF)
2702:S2CID
2641:(PDF)
2634:(PDF)
2563:(PDF)
2547:Notes
2490:(ICE)
2478:ECPAT
2326:ECPAT
1957:pimps
1865:Types
1632:songs
1627:films
1545:]
1501:songs
1338:Islam
1316:Bible
1291:Yemen
1286:Qatar
1276:Syria
1251:Libya
1216:Egypt
1184:Spain
1154:Malta
1027:Korea
1015:Japan
993:India
971:China
918:Haiti
778:Aztec
754:Sudan
722:Niger
614:Naval
487:Dutch
416:Qiyan
402:Jarya
377:Harem
219:Serfs
165:Egypt
4532:Rape
3969:and
3867:Laws
3689:Gray
3684:Date
3674:Rape
3550:ISBN
3504:PMID
3393:ISSN
3352:PACT
3328:PACT
3304:PACT
3280:PACT
3145:2014
3030:ISBN
2826:ASIN
2694:PMID
2593:2024
2208:and
2179:and
2149:debt
1913:and
1853:and
1845:and
1821:and
1583:laws
1445:U.S.
1440:U.K.
1378:U.S.
1373:U.K.
1261:Oman
1231:Iraq
1226:Iran
913:Cuba
817:maps
712:Mali
697:Chad
283:Baqt
180:Rome
76:Debt
34:and
3798:War
3496:doi
3492:117
3385:doi
3172:doi
2792:doi
2686:doi
2682:117
2483:FBI
2218:man
1969:law
4503::
4480:,
3510:.
3502:.
3494:.
3490:.
3486:.
3467:.
3443:.
3432:^
3416:.
3405:^
3391:.
3381:30
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3326:.
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3162:.
3109:.
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3014:;
2995:^
2976:.
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2893:.
2860:.
2838:^
2812:^
2798:.
2788:48
2786:.
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2743:.
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