2125:
States belonging to it". Given the fear of the Cold War, many
Western Europeans were afraid that poverty would make "the population vulnerable to communist propaganda" (Meurs 2018, p. 68), meaning that increasing prosperity would be beneficial to harmonise power between the Western and Eastern blocs, other than reconcile Member States such as France and Germany after WW2. The tasks entrusted to the Community were divided among an assembly, the European Parliament, Council, Commission, and Court of Justice. Moreover, restrictions to market were lifted to further liberate trade among Member States. Citizens of Member States (other than goods, services, and capital) were entitled to freedom of movement. The CAP, Common Agricultural Policy, regulated and subsided the agricultural sphere. A European Social Fund was implemented in favour of employees who lost their jobs. A European Investment Bank was established to "facilitate the economic expansion of the Community by opening up fresh resources" (Art. 3 Treaty of Rome 3/25/1957). All these implementations included overseas territories. Competition was to be kept alive to make products cheaper for European consumers.
2879:
3396:
3390:
274:
3384:
3378:
4758:. Under the header of "strengthening of the Community's image and identity", the Committee suggested the introduction of "a flag and an emblem", recommending a design based on the Council of Europe flag, but with the addition of "a gold letter E" in the center of the circle of stars: "bearing in mind the independence and the different nature of the two organizations, the Committee proposes to the European Council that the European Community emblem and flag should be a blue rectangle with, in the center, a circle of twelve five-pointed gold stars which do not touch, surrounding a gold letter E, of the design already used by the Commission." Adonnino Report, p. 31.
3630:
3517:
2172:
1854:
3636:
2222:
7291:
3617:
2532:
2416:
3567:
2053:
2378:
4019:
215:
2631:
2604:
2491:
2454:
5589:
1292:
2567:
740:
820:
3736:
3331:
3309:
2302:
2740:
2267:
3525:
1636:
2341:
2647:
3562:
2726:
The
Council represents the state governments, the Parliament represents citizens and the Commission represents the European interest. Essentially, the Council, Parliament or another party place a request for legislation to the Commission. The Commission then drafts this and presents it to the Council for approval and the Parliament for an opinion (in some cases it had a veto, depending upon the
2929:). After that, Parliament was elected every five years. In the following 20 years, it gradually won co-decision powers with the Council over the adoption of legislation, the right to approve or reject the appointment of the Commission President and the Commission as a whole, and the right to approve or reject international agreements entered into by the Community.
1957:
Article 235 of the Treaty of Rome. Competencies were added to cover trans-European networks, and the work of the
Culture Committee and Education Committee that were previously sharing existing competencies. The only entry in Article 3 that represented something new is the competence covering the entry and movement of persons in the internal market.
2838:
systems. Votes were taken either by majority (with votes allocated according to population) or unanimity. In these various forms they share some legislative and budgetary power of the
Parliament. Since the 1960s the Council also began to meet informally at the level of heads of government and heads of state; these
1383:(ECM) in the English-speaking countries, and sometimes referred to as the European Community even before it was officially renamed as such in 1993. In 2009, the EC formally ceased to exist and its institutions were directly absorbed by the EU. This made the Union the formal successor institution of the Community.
1689:. The Communities still had independent personalities although were increasingly integrated. Future treaties granted the community new powers beyond simple economic matters which had achieved a high level of integration. As it got closer to the goal of political integration and a peaceful and united Europe, what
262:
2775:
There was greater difference between these than name: the French government of the day had grown suspicious of the supranational power of the High
Authority and sought to curb its powers in favour of the intergovernmental style Council. Hence the Council had a greater executive role in the running of
1631:
sphere. The EEC rapidly became the most important of these and expanded its activities. The first move towards political developments came at the end of 1959 when the foreign ministers of the six members announced that would be meeting quarterly to discuss political issues and international problems.
2725:
There were three political institutions which held the executive and legislative power of the EEC, plus one judicial institution and a fifth body created in 1975. These institutions (except for the auditors) were created in 1957 by the EEC but from 1967 onwards they applied to all three
Communities.
2124:
Citing
Article 2 from the original text of the Treaty of Rome of the 25th of March 1957, the EEC aimed at "a harmonious development of economic activities, a continuous and balanced expansion, an increase in stability, an accelerated raising of the standard of living and closer relations between the
2949:
and was composed of one judge per state with a president elected from among them. Its role was to ensure that
Community law was applied in the same way across all states and to settle legal disputes between institutions or states. It became a powerful institution as Community law overrides national
1956:
There are more competencies listed in
Article 3 of the European Communities pillar than there are in Article 3 of the Treaty of Rome. This is due to the fact that some competencies were already inherent in the Treaty of Tome, some were referred to in the Treaty of Rome, and some were extended under
2837:
from each member state. However the
Council met in various forms depending upon the topic. For example, if agriculture was being discussed, the Council would be composed of each national minister for agriculture. They represented their governments and were accountable to their national political
2730:
in use). The Commission's duty is to ensure it is implemented by dealing with the day-to-day running of the Union and taking others to Court if they fail to comply. After the Maastricht Treaty in 1993, these institutions became those of the European Union, though limited in some areas due to the
256:
245:
258:
248:
252:
250:
260:
253:
247:
246:
261:
257:
255:
251:
249:
259:
254:
244:
2731:
pillar structure. Despite this, Parliament in particular has gained more power over legislation and security of the Commission. The Court of Justice was the highest authority in the law, settling legal disputes in the Community, while the Auditors had no power but to investigate.
1660:'s opposition to supranationalism and fear of the other members challenging the CAP led to an "empty chair policy" whereby French representatives were withdrawn from the European institutions until the French veto was reinstated. Eventually, a compromise was reached with the
2801:
2925:. The Parliament's members, up-until 1980 were national MPs serving part-time in the Parliament. The Treaties of Rome had required elections to be held once the Council had decided on a voting system, but this did not happen and elections were delayed until 1979 (see
1796:
to agree on a common voting system first. The Council procrastinated on the issue and the Parliament remained appointed, French President Charles de Gaulle was particularly active in blocking the development of the Parliament, with it only being granted
1450:, which allowed for the free movement of goods, capital, services, and people within the EEC. In 1994 the internal market was formalised by the EEA agreement. This agreement also extended the internal market to include most of the member states of the
2128:
For the customs union, the treaty provided for a 10% reduction in custom duties and up to 20% of global import quotas. Progress on the customs union proceeded much faster than the twelve years planned. However, France faced some setbacks due to their
2083:
The main aim of the EEC, as stated in its preamble, was to "preserve peace and liberty and to lay the foundations of an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe". Calling for balanced economic growth, this was to be accomplished through:
1465:
in 1993, the EEC was renamed the European Community to reflect that it covered a wider range than economic policy. This was also when the three European Communities, including the EC, were collectively made to constitute the first of the
1632:
One of the first important accomplishments of the EEC was the establishment (1962) of common price levels for agricultural products. In 1968, internal tariffs (tariffs on trade between member nations) were removed on certain products.
7272:
6753:
2866:. It was designed to be independent, representing the interest of the Community as a whole. Every member state submitted one commissioner (two from each of the larger states, one from the smaller states). One of its members was the
2976:
for each financial year to the Council and Parliament and gave opinions and proposals on financial legislation and anti-fraud actions. It is the only institution not mentioned in the original treaties, having been set up in 1975.
1912:
respectively. In a single document it dealt with reform of institutions, extension of powers, foreign policy cooperation and the single market. It came into force on 1 July 1987. The act was followed by work on what would be the
4291:
The compromise was widely disregarded from the beginning, and the "European logo" in spite of the explicit avoidance of giving it the status of a "flag" was referred to as "Community flag" or even "European flag" from the
4691:
1804:
Parliament pressured for agreement and on 20 September 1976 the Council agreed part of the necessary instruments for election, deferring details on electoral systems which remain varied to this day. During the tenure of
242:
5414:
2163:
countries: Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg. The first enlargement was in 1973, with the accession of Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom. Greece, Spain and Portugal joined in the 1980s. The former
1544:, a leading figure behind the communities, resigned from the High Authority in protest and began work on alternative communities, based on economic integration rather than political integration. Following the
2759:
of the ECSC had their authority extended to the EEC and Euratom in the same role. However the EEC, and Euratom, had different executive bodies to the ECSC. In place of the ECSC's Council of Ministers was the
243:
2694:
they are not supposed to represent their national interest but that of the Community. Prior to 2004, the larger members (France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom) have had two Commissioners. In the
4873:
774:¹ The information in this infobox covers the EEC's time as an independent organisation. It does not give details of post-1993 operation within the EU as that is explained in greater length in the
5345:
3861:
1885:
re-applied to join the community on 12 June 1975, following the restoration of democracy, and joined on 1 January 1981. Following on from Greece, and after their own democratic restoration,
7449:
7331:
7279:
7197:
2780:
in 1967, the executives of the ECSC and Euratom were merged with that of the EEC, creating a single institutional structure governing the three separate Communities. From here on, the term
3713:
7202:
5407:
1735:
became the first country to join the EC in 1961 as an associate member, however its membership was suspended in 1967 after a coup d'état established a military dictatorship called the
6912:
1964:, which gave it equal legislative power with the Council on Community matters. This replaced the informal parliamentary blocking powers established by the 1979 Isoglucose decision.
6617:
2017:
which established the ECSC expired, having reached its 50-year limit (as the first treaty, it was the only one with a limit). No attempt was made to renew its mandate; instead, the
1941:
structure of the EEC. The EEC institutions became those of the EU, however the Court, Parliament and Commission had only limited input in the new pillars, as they worked on a more
7394:
4699:
1653:, which came into force in 1962. The transitional period whereby decisions were made by unanimity had come to an end, and majority-voting in the council had taken effect. Then-
5423:
5400:
7257:
5365:
1846:'s resentment at the domination of supranational institutions (e.g. the Commission) over the integration process. It was mentioned in the treaties for the first time in the
1580:
2036:, was absorbed into the newly consolidated European Union which merged in the other two pillars (however Euratom remained distinct). This was originally proposed under the
7207:
6016:
4553:
1273:
1839:
The European Council, or European summit, had developed since the 1960s as an informal meeting of the Council at the level of heads of state. It had originated from then-
4513:
2168:
became part of the EEC upon German reunification in 1990. Following the creation of the EU in 1993, it has enlarged to include an additional sixteen countries by 2013.
6885:
1917:, which was agreed on 10 December 1991, signed the following year and coming into force on 1 November 1993 establishing the European Union, and paving the way for the
1828:
committee for this purpose. The European Council in 1985 largely followed the Committee's recommendations, but as the adoption of a flag was strongly reminiscent of a
6612:
1778:
4449:, The American Economic Review, Vol. 48, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Seventieth Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association (May 1958), pp. 428–441
7090:
6125:
3706:
3492:
4527:
2765:
1320:
7429:
6924:
6772:
5922:
4094:, the first of which were the European Communities. The other two pillars consisted of additional areas of cooperation that had been added to the EU's remit.
7321:
7265:
6602:
4036:
3542:
949:
939:
7573:
7419:
7414:
7362:
7336:
6453:
6277:
5988:
5681:
5676:
5671:
3699:
3144:
3139:
851:
846:
841:
4472:
European Parliament Political Committee 'Towards Political Union', General Directorate Parliamentary Documentation and Information, January 1964, p. 5.
4040:
3816:
2800:
1525:
1474:, which incorporated the EC's institutions into the EU's wider framework and provided that the EU would "replace and succeed the European Community".
7341:
7316:
6824:
6783:
6737:
4003:
2201:
1972:
1918:
1257:
4738:
1813:). The new Parliament, galvanised by direct election and new powers, started working full-time and became more active than the previous assemblies.
5564:
5555:
5546:
5537:
5528:
5519:
5510:
4395:
1757:
succeeding Charles de Gaulle as French president in 1969, the veto was lifted. Negotiations began in 1970 under the pro-European UK government of
1607:(EURATOM or sometimes EAEC). These were markedly less supranational than the previous communities, due to protests from some countries that their
7512:
7483:
7346:
6120:
5626:
4078:
2819:
4828:
7424:
7409:
7404:
7389:
2918:
1798:
7287:
7553:
7399:
6182:
5686:
4756:
Regarding The "Adonnino Report" - Report to the European Council by the ad hoc committee "On a People's Europe", A 10.04 COM 85, SN/2536/3/85
3395:
3389:
3383:
3377:
2037:
856:
4326:
6566:
6035:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5573:
4580:
4815:
4010:
superseded by WU. The CFSP pillar was bolstered by some of the security structures that had been established within the remit of the 1955
1615:). Germany became a founding member of the EEC, and Konrad Adenauer was made leader in a very short time. The first formal meeting of the
7558:
7295:
7085:
6701:
6098:
4739:"Report on the Insertion of a new Rule 202a on the use by Parliament of the symbols of the Union (2007/2240(REG))- Explanatory Statement"
2707:) have been directly elected and they sit according to political allegiance, not national origin. Most other institutions, including the
1976:
1313:
4991:
4111:, resulting in the EU framework as such covering all policy areas. Executive/legislative power in each area was instead determined by a
1945:
system than the European Communities. This was reflected in the names of the institutions, the Council was formally the "Council of the
7548:
6895:
6607:
6581:
6480:
5978:
1770:
5120:
5095:
3571:
1645:
vetoed British membership, held back the development of Parliament's powers and was at the centre of the 'empty chair crisis' of 1965.
7568:
7326:
7217:
6177:
6071:
5541:
5038:
3149:
294:
7013:
7008:
1379:, in spite of the latter designation covering all the three constituent entities of the first pillar. The EEC was also known as the
7445:
6934:
6856:
5691:
5500:
2700:
861:
4939:
2748:
7106:
6961:
6875:
5505:
4895:
3919:
7563:
7543:
6485:
6398:
6242:
6207:
6076:
6008:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5833:
5666:
2878:
1306:
1278:
800:
5378:
Papers of J. Robert Schaetzel, ambassador to European Economic Community, 1966–1972, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library
4856:
4802:
4755:
7179:
7150:
7035:
6929:
6732:
6081:
6003:
5973:
5824:
5266:
5182:
5068:
4969:
4672:
4645:
4505:
1999:
273:
7538:
7075:
7030:
6944:
6492:
6172:
6086:
6066:
5983:
5743:
4491:
2895:
2867:
2804:
2727:
397:
5013:
4609:
2894:(formerly the European Parliamentary Assembly) had an advisory role to the Council and Commission. There were a number of
1564:
formed the cornerstone of the intergovernmental negotiations at Val Duchesse conference centre in 1956. Together with the
7187:
7145:
6890:
6590:
6463:
6359:
5661:
5619:
4769:
4713:
4108:
4091:
3604:
3549:
3500:
3344:
3134:
3129:
2986:
1930:
1774:
1529:
1467:
1362:
836:
5371:
7055:
6795:
6790:
6527:
6044:
5998:
5968:
5909:
5801:
5708:
5653:
4421:
4120:
4116:
3635:
3629:
3596:
3019:
2720:
2686:
is also composed of one national minister who represents their national government. Each state also has a right to one
2196:
2142:
1514:
1423:
959:
829:
4015:
34:
that existed from 1958 until 2009 and was renamed European Community in 1993. Not to be confused with the present-day
7192:
7080:
6807:
6758:
6507:
6421:
6393:
6155:
5851:
5748:
5296:
5281:
5209:
4284:
3399:
2926:
2818:
was a body holding legislative and executive powers and was thus the main decision making body of the Community. Its
2704:
2146:
2117:
1810:
1708:
1498:
1427:
1265:
892:
1675:
came into operation, combining the institutions of the ECSC and Euratom into that of the EEC, they already shared a
6800:
6556:
6497:
6416:
6303:
6247:
6091:
5779:
5462:
5214:
3794:
1727:(in 1962), applied to join the three Communities. However, President Charles de Gaulle saw British membership as a
916:
4006:
of the EU defence arm, a main part of the CFSP. The Franco-British alliance established by the Dunkirk Treaty was
3200:(EU)—the principal framework for this unification. The EU inherited many of its present responsibilities from the
2064:
7500:
7140:
7045:
7025:
6763:
5963:
5951:
5859:
3582:
3114:
2156:
1451:
339:
5927:
7155:
7070:
7003:
6949:
6939:
6917:
6817:
6631:
6522:
6517:
6458:
6375:
6217:
5612:
5532:
4070:
2863:
998:
50:
7232:
7165:
7135:
6998:
6971:
6812:
6539:
6473:
6426:
6326:
6115:
6108:
5644:
3109:
2815:
2761:
2683:
1793:
1506:
1483:
809:
517:
17:
6993:
6880:
6839:
6551:
6331:
5816:
2969:
2922:
1836:, was controversial, the "flag of Europe" design was adopted only with the status of a "logo" or "emblem".
6716:
3070:
2830:, which was an informal gathering of national leaders (started in 1961) on the same basis as the Council.
7477:
7160:
7065:
6844:
6502:
5806:
5475:
5289:
Governing Europe in a Globalizing World. Neoliberalism and its Alternatives following the 1973 Oil Crisis
4637:
3042:
2842:
followed the same presidency system and secretariat as the Council but was not a formal formation of it.
2823:
1960:
However, after the Treaty of Maastricht, Parliament gained a more formal role. Maastricht brought in the
601:
EEC becomes the European Community, one of the 3 European Communities constituting the I pillar of the EU
5392:
4920:
6870:
6706:
6468:
6272:
4679:
De Gaulle's resignation in 1969 brought new energy. The European Parliament gained budgetary powers ...
4634:
Democratizing the European Union: Issues for the twenty-first Century (Perspectives on Democratization)
3566:
3058:
3009:
2960:
2422:
2099:
1942:
1769:. Nevertheless, two years later the accession treaties were signed so that Denmark, Ireland and the UK
1762:
1650:
4123:. This distribution, as well as treaty provisions for policy areas in which unanimity is required and
1731:
for U.S. influence and vetoed membership, and the applications of all four countries were suspended.
1620:
1584:
41:"European Common Market", "Common Market", and "EEC" redirect here. For the EU's internal market, see
7125:
6747:
6561:
6264:
6212:
6021:
5932:
5200:
4172:
The Belgian and Luxembourgish francs were 1:1 and theoretically interchangeable as a single currency.
3616:
2946:
2938:
2756:
2708:
1680:
4447:
The Lessons of Benelux and the European Coal and Steel Community for the European Economic Community
4347:
The European Community originally consisted of three separate Communities founded by treaty ...
3830:
3516:
464:
6778:
6316:
6311:
6103:
5716:
4074:
3620:
1665:
1224:
980:
639:
2171:
1897:
formally applied to join the Community and began the longest application process for any country.
221:
7241:
7020:
6907:
4112:
4022:
that the Lisbon Treaty provided for EU was considered to render the WEU superfluous. The EU thus
3415:
3093:
3014:
1766:
1154:
4124:
1470:, which the treaty also founded. The EC existed in this form until it was abolished by the 2009
7130:
6976:
6865:
6834:
6768:
6711:
6142:
5721:
5377:
5359:
3812:
3639:
2899:
2886:
held its first elections in 1979, slowly gaining more influence over Community decision making.
2855:
2093:
2014:
1494:
1455:
1447:
1007:
970:
643:
587:
42:
4662:
4381:
1900:
With the prospect of further enlargement, and a desire to increase areas of co-operation, the
7246:
6851:
6671:
6237:
5793:
5593:
4334:
4274:
3798:
2911:
2834:
2687:
2433:
1661:
1342:
1296:
440:
428:
1998:) from the Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) pillar to the European Community (JHA was renamed
7050:
6656:
6646:
6512:
6448:
6336:
5879:
5731:
5128:
4181:
4132:
4053:
3334:
3201:
3181:
2010:
to nearly all policy areas, giving Parliament equal power to the Council in the Community.
2007:
1961:
1695:
1685:
1616:
1612:
1510:
1435:
1375:
1350:
1104:
881:
779:
54:
31:
5046:
8:
7212:
7040:
6981:
6900:
6691:
6676:
6187:
6167:
6061:
5449:
5124:
5042:
4943:
4128:
3942:
3902:
3205:
3176:
countries have entered into treaties and thereby co-operated and harmonised policies (or
3154:
3124:
3088:
3024:
2991:
At the time of its abolition, the European Community pillar covered the following areas;
2973:
2903:
2891:
2883:
2851:
2769:
2752:
2696:
2691:
2620:
2497:
2400:
2103:
1991:
1983:
1938:
1901:
1847:
1840:
1789:
1716:
1676:
1654:
1533:
1521:
1502:
1252:
1134:
1124:
1095:
1057:
1037:
684:
522:
382:
168:
2032:
in 2009 the pillar structure ceased to exist. The European Community, together with its
214:
7060:
6661:
6440:
6354:
5766:
5568:
5387:
5204:
4947:
4011:
3915:
3779:
3078:
2859:
2025:
and hence its work continued as part of the EC area of the European Community's remit.
1853:
1545:
1214:
1204:
5274:
The European Community and the Crises of the 1960s. Negotiating the Gaullist Challenge
4483:
5993:
5514:
5468:
5292:
5277:
5262:
5219:
5196:
5178:
4668:
4641:
4280:
4247:
3931:
3764:
3739:
3119:
3053:
2625:
2151:
The six states that founded the EEC and the other two Communities were known as the "
1914:
1843:
1821:
1690:
1657:
1642:
1611:
was being infringed (however there would still be concerns with the behaviour of the
1537:
1536:, the ECSC parliamentary chamber, the proposed defence community was rejected by the
1462:
1247:
1184:
1174:
1144:
1047:
694:
600:
4320:
The term also commonly refers to the 'European Communities', which comprise ...
4090:
Between the EU's founding in 1993 and consolidation in 2009, the union consisted of
6988:
6666:
6150:
4853:
4243:
4235:
4207:
3964:
3753:
2907:
2839:
2827:
2743:
The High Authority had more executive powers than the Commission which replaced it.
2663:
2511:
2357:
2029:
1754:
1639:
1576:
1549:
1471:
1194:
1164:
1077:
613:
416:
387:
377:
357:
302:
233:
183:
153:
5917:
4307:
6696:
5559:
5162:
Trade and direct investment within the EC: The impact of strategic considerations
5154:
5069:"Europeans used to ignore their parliament. Not any longer | Caroline de Gruyter"
4924:
4860:
4239:
3884:
3189:
3170:
2999:
2902:, which meant Parliament had to be consulted, although it was often ignored. The
2470:
2246:
2242:
2107:
1995:
1905:
1816:
Shortly after its election, the Parliament proposed that the Community adopt the
1747:
1561:
1386:
The Community's initial aim was to bring about economic integration, including a
367:
362:
347:
307:
123:
108:
78:
5259:
The Choice for Europe. Social Purpose and State Power from Messina to Maastricht
788:
only, these cities hosted the main institutions but were not titled as capitals.
7290:
6681:
5635:
5550:
5457:
4223:
4219:
4215:
3953:
3849:
3845:
3735:
3561:
3330:
3312:
3308:
3197:
3004:
2807:
2668:
2588:
2583:
2551:
2538:
2507:
2238:
2022:
2018:
2003:
1968:
1833:
1817:
1785:
1720:
1592:
1588:
1569:
1366:
1346:
1114:
1067:
1017:
775:
765:
759:
733:
704:
699:
669:
561:
548:
500:
452:
372:
352:
287:
138:
93:
35:
4776:
2972:
had been correctly spent by the Community's institutions. The ECA provided an
7532:
6742:
5311:
The political development of the European Community: a documentary collection
4366:
European Community (EC). The often used singular of the European Communities.
4127:
is possible, reflects the depth of EU integration as well as the EU's partly
3873:
3469:
3083:
3033:
3029:
2942:
2777:
2438:
2395:
2325:
2251:
2089:
1829:
1672:
1649:
Another crisis was triggered in regard to proposals for the financing of the
1628:
1624:
1603:
The resulting communities were the European Economic Community (EEC) and the
1553:
1443:
1439:
1391:
1387:
1027:
689:
664:
649:
574:
46:
6229:
5523:
4805:. Centre Virtuel de la Connaissance sur l'Europe, Universite de Luxembourg.
4211:
4194:
4104:
4057:
3524:
3166:
2475:
2362:
2308:
2286:
2165:
2130:
2033:
1758:
1728:
1565:
1557:
1419:
679:
659:
654:
488:
5604:
5231:
5223:
4354:
3976:
1893:
applied to the communities in 1977 and joined on 1 January 1986. In 1987,
1753:
The four countries resubmitted their applications on 11 May 1967 and with
6160:
6053:
5422:
5227:
4770:"Evolution of the European Council: The implications of a permanent seat"
2914:
giving it equal power with the Council if the Council was not unanimous.
2516:
1987:
1806:
1736:
1608:
1541:
1415:
674:
476:
5382:
4103:
The consolidation meant that the EU inherited the European Communities'
2052:
6651:
6252:
2384:
2111:
1591:
in 1957. The conference led to the signature, on 25 March 1957, of the
1411:
312:
7446:
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership
7119:
6199:
6130:
5480:
5236:
Etzioni, Amitai. 1964. "European Unification: A Strategy of Change".
2870:, appointed by the Council, who chaired the body and represented it.
2862:, dealing with the day to running of the Community and upholding the
2630:
2152:
1909:
1809:, in June 1979, the elections were held in all the then-members (see
1395:
2682:
Member states are represented in some form in each institution. The
1623:. The EEC (direct ancestor of the modern Community) was to create a
6829:
6686:
6571:
5355:
3245:
2965:
2610:
1979:, a procedure more commonly used in international organisations.
1933:. The EEC's areas of activities were enlarged and were renamed the
1890:
535:
1904:
was signed by the foreign ministers on 17 and 28 February 1986 in
6595:
4934:
4932:
3357:
2739:
2460:
2312:
2228:
2160:
1712:
1604:
1431:
1399:
1373:
was sometimes inaccurately used in the wider sense of the plural
819:
5350:
1635:
5937:
5096:"The European Parliament needs independence and a strong voice"
4352:
3173:
2573:
2273:
1986:
transferred responsibility for free movement of persons (e.g.,
1894:
1882:
1750:
was not a democracy, all members rejected the request in 1964.
1732:
1724:
1668:
permitted members to use a veto on areas of national interest.
1403:
326:
5033:
5031:
4929:
4039:(EPC) were shelved following the French failure to ratify the
3196:). The following timeline outlines the legal inception of the
4917:
4156:
Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the
4081:(TFEU), respectively. They are amended by secondary treaties.
3893:
3485:
2776:
the EEC than was the situation in the ECSC. By virtue of the
2653:
2347:
1886:
1743:
1581:
Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom
1407:
5113:
1532:. While the treaty for the latter was being drawn up by the
6576:
5028:
4459:
3528:
3204:(EC), which were founded in the 1950s in the spirit of the
1949:" while the Commission was formally the "Commission of the
1746:
attempted to join the European Community. However, because
5358:
of the European Economic Community are consultable at the
2159:). The six were France, West Germany, Italy and the three
6754:
European Judicial Network in civil and commercial matters
4355:"Glossary of The European Union and European Communities"
2658:
2615:
2578:
2543:
2502:
2465:
2427:
2389:
2352:
2317:
2278:
2233:
2155:" (the "outer seven" were those countries who formed the
1353:
among its member states. It was subsequently renamed the
4060:(i.e. ability to e.g. sign treaties in their own right).
4043:(EDC). The EPC would have combined the ECSC and the EDC.
1552:
was given the task to prepare a report on the idea of a
1929:
The EU absorbed the European Communities as one of its
5744:
International Authority for the Ruhr (1949–1951)
2711:, have some form of national division of its members.
2674:
2637:
2594:
2557:
2522:
2481:
2444:
2406:
2368:
2331:
2292:
2257:
38:, which incorporated the European Communities in 1993.
5424:
Orders, decorations, and medals of the European Union
4631:
4384:. The University of Chicago Booth School of Business.
1761:, who had to deal with disagreements relating to the
1501:(ECSC). This was an international community based on
5802:
European Monetary Cooperation Fund (1973–1994)
4866:
3544:
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters
2000:
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters
1792:
must be directly elected, however this required the
1369:(EU) in 1993. In the popular language, the singular
950:
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters
5834:
European Financial Stability Mechanism (2010–
5749:
European Coal and Steel Community (1951–2002)
5366:
Treaty establishing the European Economic Community
1773:effective 1 January 1973. The Norwegian people had
5825:European Financial Stability Facility (2010–
5448:
4069:The treaties of Maastricht and Rome form the EU's
4041:Treaty establishing the European Defence Community
2784:were used for the institutions (for example, from
5039:"Institutions: The Council of the European Union"
4018:in 2011, consequently dissolving the WEU, as the
1568:the Spaak Report would provide the basis for the
7530:
1627:while Euratom would promote co-operation in the
174:
7198:Largest cities by population within city limits
4382:"From 1963: The Two Faces of the Common Market"
4331:Guide to European Union Publications at the EDC
4279:. Manchester University Press. pp. 61–65.
4158:Treaty on the functioning of the European Union
4079:Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
3359:European Atomic Energy Community
3145:History of the European Communities (1973–1993)
3140:History of the European Communities (1958–1972)
5006:
4816:The Accession Treaties with Spain and Portugal
69:European Economic Community/European Community
7273:
5807:European Monetary Institute (1994–1998)
5762:European Economic Community (1958–1993)
5620:
5408:
5332:The Continuing Battle: Memories of a European
4800:
4684:
3707:
2786:Commission of the European Economic Community
2040:but that treaty failed ratification in 2005.
1314:
189:
159:
5780:European Atomic Energy Community (est. 1958)
5574:Western European Union Mission Service Medal
4801:Deschamps, Etienne; Lekl, Christian (2016).
4664:The Oxford Companion to Comparative Politics
4276:Political Symbolism and European Integration
2939:Court of Justice of the European Communities
2910:giving it a right to veto proposals and the
2703:related to their population, however these (
2002:(PJCC) as a result). Both Amsterdam and the
1824:. The European Council in 1984 appointed an
1702:
1595:establishing a European Economic Community.
1505:and international law, designed to help the
129:
114:
84:
7296:Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom
5634:
5325:French Policy towards Germany since the war
5195:
4984:
4888:
4829:"The provisions of the Single European Act"
4632:Hoskyns, Catherine; Michael Newman (2000).
3180:) in an increasing number of areas, in the
2021:transferred certain of its elements to the
1598:
144:
99:
7574:States and territories established in 1958
7280:
7266:
6481:Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification
5627:
5613:
5415:
5401:
5383:European Customs Information Portal (ECIP)
4962:
4627:
4625:
4623:
4333:. The University of Exeter. Archived from
4056:obtained common institutions and a shared
3714:
3700:
2826:every six months and it is related to the
2762:Council of the European Economic Community
1587:conference centre, which prepared for the
1321:
1307:
5172:Multinational investment in modern Europe
4578:
4168:
4166:
3150:Institutional seats of the European Union
2833:The Council was composed of one national
1524:two further communities were proposed: a
1442:(Treaty of Brussels). In 1993 a complete
6935:European Structural and Investment Funds
6857:European System of Financial Supervision
5722:Western European Union (1954–2011)
5501:European Community Monitor Mission Medal
4761:
4268:
4266:
3994:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3160:
2877:
2799:
2738:
2170:
2043:
1852:
1634:
5506:European Union Monitoring Mission Medal
5252:The European Rescue of the Nation-State
4940:"Institutions: The European Commission"
4849:
4847:
4620:
4481:
4297:
4272:
928:
30:This article is about one of the three
14:
7531:
6399:European Economic and Social Committee
6208:Court of Justice of the European Union
5732:European Communities (1967–2009)
5093:
4660:
4163:
2852:Commission of the European Communities
2790:Commission of the European Communities
2770:Commission of the European Communities
1683:. Collectively they were known as the
7261:
7036:Stabilisation and Association Process
6733:Area of freedom, security and justice
5608:
5396:
4854:What are the three pillars of the EU?
4794:
4579:Deschamps, Etienne; Lekl, Christian.
4516:from the original on 1 November 2022.
4353:Derek Urwin, University of Aberdeen.
4263:
4097:
4084:
4063:
4046:
4029:
3983:
3695:
3627:
3614:
3595:
3559:
3514:
3484:
3369:
3282:
3213:
2906:gave Parliament more power, with the
1975:voting in the EEC, replacing it with
1924:
7554:Organizations disestablished in 1993
7031:European Union Association Agreement
5767:European Community (1993–2009)
5094:Sebald, Christoph (31 August 2022).
4844:
4494:from the original on 20 August 2023.
2047:
1877:
1707:The 1960s saw the first attempts at
1361:) upon becoming integrated into the
6360:European Data Protection Supervisor
5662:Ideas of European unity before 1948
4610:"1994: Norway votes 'no' to Europe"
4234:And recognised regional languages:
4206:And recognised regional languages:
3135:European institutions in Strasbourg
3130:European Customs Information Portal
2987:Three pillars of the European Union
2816:Council of the European Communities
2810:, the last EEC Commission President
1765:and the UK's relationship with the
1619:was held on 16 January 1958 at the
1468:three pillars of the European Union
131:Europäische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft
24:
7559:Former international organizations
7056:EU Strategy for the South Caucasus
6796:Common Security and Defence Policy
6791:Common Foreign and Security Policy
5303:
5190:The Theory of Economic Integration
5147:
4484:"Fifty years of fraternal rivalry"
4482:Horsley, William (19 March 2007).
4419:
4160:, as renamed by the Lisbon Treaty.
4073:, and are also referred to as the
3598:Common Foreign and Security Policy
3530:North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
2721:Institutions of the European Union
2143:Member state of the European Union
2028:After the entry into force of the
1458:, which encompasses 15 countries.
960:Common Foreign and Security Policy
240:
45:. For the type of trade bloc, see
25:
7585:
7549:Organizations established in 1958
6825:Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
6422:European Union Military Committee
6394:European Committee of the Regions
5388:The history of the European Union
5339:
5210:Concise Encyclopedia of Economics
5121:"Institutions: Court of Auditors"
4767:
4327:"Introduction to EU Publications"
3401:European Coal and Steel Community
2927:1979 European Parliament election
2147:Enlargement of the European Union
1811:1979 European Parliament election
1499:European Coal and Steel Community
1461:Upon the entry into force of the
1428:European Coal and Steel Community
893:European Coal and Steel Community
27:Former international organisation
7569:1993 disestablishments in Europe
7363:Crown Dependencies Customs Union
7289:
6801:Permanent Structured Cooperation
6417:Political and Security Committee
6304:European Atomic Energy Community
5587:
5463:European Charlemagne Youth Prize
5346:EEC on the UK Parliament website
5327:(Oxford University Press, 1954).
5215:Library of Economics and Liberty
4554:"General de Gaulle's first veto"
4528:"General de Gaulle's first veto"
4426:Jammu&Kashmir PCS Exam Notes
3734:
3634:
3628:
3615:
3565:
3560:
3523:
3515:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3329:
3307:
3210:
2896:Community legislative procedures
2645:
2629:
2602:
2565:
2530:
2489:
2452:
2414:
2376:
2339:
2300:
2265:
2220:
2114:designates standards compliance)
2051:
1742:A year later, in February 1962,
1605:European Atomic Energy Community
1432:European Atomic Energy Community
1290:
917:European Atomic Energy Community
818:
738:
272:
213:
116:Communauté économique européenne
101:Europese Economische Gemeenschap
86:Europæiske Økonomiske Fællesskab
7501:European Free Trade Association
7203:National parties by affiliation
7046:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
7026:Economic Partnership Agreements
5717:Western Union (1948–1954)
5432:Including its predecessor, the
5087:
5061:
4992:"Council of the European Union"
4910:
4835:
4821:
4809:
4749:
4731:
4706:
4654:
4602:
4572:
4546:
4520:
4498:
4475:
4228:
4200:
4187:
4175:
4014:(MBT). The Brussels Treaty was
3584:European Political Co-operation
3115:Brussels and the European Union
2980:
2921:gave Parliament power over the
2734:
2714:
2157:European Free Trade Association
1967:It also abolished any existing
1779:referendum on 25 September 1972
1452:European Free Trade Association
7208:Presidents of the institutions
7004:European Higher Education Area
6582:International status and usage
6376:Agencies of the European Union
6109:European political foundations
4775:. Dragoman.org. Archived from
4466:
4452:
4439:
4413:
4388:
4374:
4150:
4002:, these treaties affected the
3833:Completing the Brussels Treaty
2898:, at first there was only the
2747:The EEC inherited some of the
1258:History of defence integration
146:Ευρωπαϊκή Οικονομική Κοινότητα
51:Common market (disambiguation)
13:
1:
7564:1958 establishments in Europe
7544:History of the European Union
6999:European Common Aviation Area
6454:Charter of Fundamental Rights
6427:European Union Military Staff
6327:European University Institute
6116:Council of the European Union
5360:Historical Archives of the EU
5201:"European Economic Community"
4874:"The achievements of the EEC"
4422:"European Economic Community"
4256:
3110:Economy of the European Union
2958:The fifth institution is the
2873:
2845:
2179: Founding members of EEC
1664:on 29 January 1966 whereby a
1488:
1484:History of the European Union
176:Comunidade Económica Europeia
6994:European Political Community
6840:European Banking Supervision
6332:European Stability Mechanism
5372:History of the Rome Treaties
5245:A New Path to Peaceful Union
5167:, in: Cantwell, John (ed.),
4896:"The European Customs Union"
4113:distribution of competencies
4037:European Political Community
3924:S: 14 June 1985/19 June 1990
3894:European Council conclusions
3820:S: 18 April 1951/27 May 1952
3478:European Community (EC)
3182:European integration project
2701:allocated a set number seats
1530:European Political Community
1422:. It gained a common set of
7:
7539:European Economic Community
7507:European Economic Community
7066:Union for the Mediterranean
6845:Single Resolution Mechanism
6784:Vehicle registration plates
6738:Migration and asylum policy
6717:Potential superpower status
5434:European Economic Community
5287:Warlouzet, Laurent (2018).
4970:"Merging of the executives"
4863:, Folketingets EU-Oplysning
4638:Manchester University Press
4109:pillar system was abolished
3435:European Economic Community
3103:
3043:Economic and monetary union
2953:
2858:of the community, drafting
1937:, continuing to follow the
1863: Community enlargement
1801:following his resignation.
1520:With the aim of creating a
1446:was achieved, known as the
1335:European Economic Community
905:European Economic Community
191:Comunidad Económica Europea
10:
7590:
7009:EU/ESA Framework Agreement
6707:Differentiated integration
6273:European Court of Auditors
6104:European political parties
5257:Moravcsik, Andrew (1998).
5243:Hallstein, Walter (1962).
4506:"The 'empty chair' policy"
3806:F: 3 August/24 August 1949
3321:
3194:la construction européenne
3067:
3039:
3010:Common Agricultural Policy
2996:
2984:
2961:European Court of Auditors
2795:
2718:
2185: Later members of EEC
2140:
2136:
1763:Common Agricultural Policy
1651:Common Agricultural Policy
1526:European Defence Community
1509:and prevent future war by
1481:
1477:
1349:of 1957, aiming to foster
161:Comunità Economica Europea
40:
29:
7493:
7470:
7463:
7438:
7382:
7375:
7355:
7309:
7302:
7226:
7178:
7126:House of European History
7114:
7105:
6960:
6748:European Judicial Network
6725:
6639:
6630:
6618:Health expense per person
6547:
6538:
6439:
6407:
6384:
6368:
6345:
6292:
6265:Supreme audit institution
6263:
6228:
6198:
6141:
6052:
6043:
6034:
5959:
5950:
5908:
5850:
5815:
5792:
5775:
5757:
5739:
5730:
5707:
5700:
5652:
5643:
5594:European Union portal
5582:
5493:
5441:
5430:
5318:Prospect for a New Europe
5272:Ludlow, N. Piers (2006).
5250:Milward, Alan S. (1992).
4803:"The accession of Greece"
4661:Murphy, Craig N. (2013).
4590:. University of Luxemburg
4581:"The accession of Greece"
4560:. University of Luxemburg
4534:. University of Luxemburg
4310:. Encyclopædia Britannica
4125:qualified majority voting
3998:Although not EU treaties
3962:
3733:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3655:
3652:
3646:
3581:
3577:
3541:
3537:
3506:
3491:
3475:
3468:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3445:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3413:
3408:
3375:
3373:
3364:
3356:
3354:
3343:
3336:European Communities
3328:
3306:
3288:
3285:
3279:
2890:Under the Community, the
2709:European Court of Justice
1977:Qualified Majority Voting
1857:Enlargement, 1957 to 2013
1703:Enlargement and elections
1671:On 1 July 1967, when the
1497:was signed, creating the
1297:European Union portal
772:
754:
713:
627:
623:
610:
597:
584:
571:
558:
545:
541:
531:
510:
506:
494:
482:
470:
458:
446:
434:
422:
410:
406:
396:
332:
322:
293:
283:
271:
228:
210:
205:
182:
167:
152:
145:
137:
122:
107:
92:
77:
64:
7395:Gulf Cooperation Council
6317:European Investment Fund
6312:European Investment Bank
5476:European Citizens' Prize
5177:, E. Elgar, Cheltenham,
4667:. OUP USA. p. 372.
4273:Theiler, Tobias (2005).
4143:
4075:Treaty on European Union
4012:Modified Brussels Treaty
3874:Brussels (Merger) Treaty
3494:Justice and Home Affairs
3254:Rel. w/ EC/EU framework:
2932:
2749:Institutions of the ECSC
1599:Creation and early years
1434:(EURATOM) as one of the
1225:Von der Leyen Commission
940:Justice and Home Affairs
523:European Parliament
7021:European Peace Facility
6248:System of Central Banks
4876:. CVCE. 20 October 2012
4420:by (10 November 2019).
3417:(Distr. of competences)
3094:Trans-European Networks
3015:Common Fisheries Policy
2088:The establishment of a
1919:European Monetary Union
1767:Commonwealth of Nations
1621:Chateau de Val-Duchesse
333:Official languages
7131:2012 Nobel Peace Prize
6977:European Economic Area
6835:European banking union
6712:Privileged partnership
6567:Government procurement
5351:European Union website
5188:Balassa, Bela (1962).
3907:S: 17/28 February 1986
3831:Protocol Modifying and
3641:Western European Union
3193:
3186:construction of Europe
2917:In 1970 and 1975, the
2900:consultation procedure
2887:
2811:
2764:, and in place of the
2744:
2690:each, although in the
2187:
2118:Enlargement of the EEC
2094:common external tariff
1871:
1737:Regime of the Colonels
1677:Parliamentary Assembly
1646:
1456:European Economic Area
1381:European Common Market
1266:History of enlargement
971:Western European Union
465:François-Xavier Ortoli
266:
190:
175:
160:
130:
115:
100:
85:
49:. For other uses, see
43:European single market
7076:Free trade agreements
6918:Health Insurance Card
6852:Capital Markets Union
6702:Democratic legitimacy
6672:Optimum currency area
6493:Legislative procedure
6238:European Central Bank
5014:"European Commission"
4923:26 March 2012 at the
4445:Raymond F. Mikesell,
4035:Plans to establish a
4020:mutual defence clause
3804:S: 5 May/4 April 1949
3573:Anglo-French alliance
3161:EU evolution timeline
3047:Education and Culture
2985:Further information:
2912:cooperation procedure
2881:
2803:
2742:
2728:legislative procedure
2719:Further information:
2688:European Commissioner
2174:
2141:Further information:
2120:to the rest of Europe
2106:and trade, including
2044:Aims and achievements
2038:European Constitution
1856:
1666:gentlemen's agreement
1662:Luxembourg compromise
1638:
1482:Further information:
1343:regional organisation
441:Franco Maria Malfatti
265:
7188:Books on the subject
7051:EU Gateway Programme
7014:EU/ESA Space Council
6972:Neighbourhood Policy
6930:Regional development
6896:Environmental policy
6886:Educational policies
6813:Neighbourhood Policy
6657:Intergovernmentalism
6647:European integration
6562:Community preference
6513:Enhanced cooperation
6498:Citizens' Initiative
6337:Unified Patent Court
6188:Directorates-General
5979:Environmental issues
4702:on 19 February 2014.
4337:on 24 September 2007
4308:"European Community"
4182:German reunification
4054:European Communities
3202:European Communities
2822:rotated between the
2782:European Communities
2098:Common policies for
2008:codecision procedure
1962:codecision procedure
1951:European Communities
1788:had stated that the
1771:joined the Community
1696:Common European Home
1686:European Communities
1617:Hallstein Commission
1613:Hallstein Commission
1436:European Communities
1396:six founding members
1376:European Communities
1365:of the newly formed
1351:economic integration
1105:Hallstein Commission
882:European Communities
780:European Communities
575:European Communities
518:Council of Ministers
398:Commission President
55:EEC (disambiguation)
32:European Communities
7213:Terrorist incidents
7041:Eastern Partnership
6982:EEA Joint Committee
6901:European Green Deal
6871:Agricultural policy
6677:Supranational union
6168:European Commission
6126:General Secretariat
6062:European Parliament
6017:Special territories
5817:Financial stability
5450:European Parliament
5330:Spaak, Paul-Henri.
5309:Bliss, Howard, ed.
5131:on 22 December 2009
5125:Europa (web portal)
5043:Europa (web portal)
4944:Europa (web portal)
4859:23 May 2010 at the
4743:European Parliament
4696:European Parliament
4616:. 28 November 1994.
4396:"Maastricht Treaty"
4184:took place in 1990.
4026:superseded the WEU.
3968:S: 13 December 2007
3957:S: 26 February 2001
3903:Single European Act
3773:E: 8 September 1997
3771:F: 8 September 1947
3226:F: entry into force
3206:Schuman Declaration
3155:Snake in the tunnel
3125:European Commission
3025:Consumer protection
2964:. Its ensured that
2904:Single European Act
2892:European Parliament
2884:European Parliament
2697:European Parliament
2692:European Commission
2394:French, German and
1992:illegal immigration
1984:Treaty of Amsterdam
1902:Single European Act
1848:Single European Act
1820:design used by the
1790:European Parliament
1775:rejected membership
1493:In April 1951, the
1253:History of the euro
1135:Mansholt Commission
1125:Malfatti Commission
1058:Treaty of Amsterdam
1038:Single European Act
685:Luxembourgish franc
295:Institutional seats
7061:Northern Dimension
6808:Enlargement Policy
6750:(criminal matters)
6662:Multi-speed Europe
6355:European Ombudsman
6011:(first-level NUTS)
5994:Larger urban zones
5542:European Union AMM
5533:EU Support to AMIS
5313:(Blaisdell, 1969).
5205:David R. Henderson
5197:Eichengreen, Barry
5100:The New Federalist
4768:Stark, Christine.
3970:F: 1 December 2009
3959:F: 1 February 2003
3937:F: 1 November 1993
3935:S: 7 February 1992
3897:S: 2 December 1975
3888:S: 27 October 1970
3866:S: 21 October 1959
3837:S: 23 October 1954
3362:(EAEC or Euratom)
3178:pooled sovereignty
3071:Immigration policy
2919:Budgetary treaties
2888:
2812:
2745:
2188:
2110:(for example, the
2063:. You can help by
1935:European Community
1925:European Community
1872:
1647:
1546:Messina Conference
1371:European Community
1355:European Community
1274:List of presidents
1215:Juncker Commission
1205:Barroso Commission
1155:Jenkins Commission
929:European Community
267:
7526:
7525:
7522:
7521:
7459:
7458:
7371:
7370:
7255:
7254:
7174:
7173:
7161:Telephone numbers
7101:
7100:
6876:Cultural policies
6626:
6625:
6613:Unemployment rate
6435:
6434:
6295:international-law
6288:
6287:
6278:Secretary-General
6030:
6029:
5989:Geographic centre
5946:
5945:
5846:
5845:
5788:
5787:
5602:
5601:
5515:Operation Artemis
5489:
5488:
5469:Charlemagne Prize
5323:Schuman, Robert.
5267:978-0-8014-8509-1
5183:978-1-8527-8421-8
4674:978-0-19-973859-5
4647:978-0-7190-5666-6
4512:. 7 August 2016.
4400:Maastricht Treaty
4133:intergovernmental
4105:legal personality
4058:legal personality
3975:
3974:
3946:S: 2 October 1997
3932:Maastricht Treaty
3868:F: 1 January 1960
3862:WEU-CoE agreement
3855:F: 1 January 1958
3824:E: 23 July 2002/—
3822:F: 23 July 1952/—
3786:F: 25 August 1948
3741:Council of Europe
3165:Since the end of
3120:Delors Commission
3101:
3100:
3054:Environmental law
2945:of on matters of
2680:
2679:
2081:
2080:
2034:legal personality
1943:intergovernmental
1915:Maastricht Treaty
1878:Toward Maastricht
1844:Charles de Gaulle
1822:Council of Europe
1807:President Jenkins
1691:Mikhail Gorbachev
1658:Charles de Gaulle
1643:Charles de Gaulle
1540:. ECSC President
1538:French Parliament
1507:economy of Europe
1463:Maastricht Treaty
1331:
1330:
1248:History of Europe
1233:
1232:
1185:Santer Commission
1175:Delors Commission
1145:Ortoli Commission
1086:
1085:
1048:Maastricht Treaty
989:
988:
793:
792:
750:
749:
746:
745:
695:Portuguese escudo
496:• 1985–1993
484:• 1981–1985
472:• 1977–1981
460:• 1973–1977
448:• 1972–1973
436:• 1970–1972
424:• 1967–1970
412:• 1958–1967
263:
197:
196:
16:(Redirected from
7581:
7468:
7467:
7380:
7379:
7307:
7306:
7294:
7293:
7282:
7275:
7268:
7259:
7258:
7235:
7112:
7111:
6989:Energy Community
6908:Fisheries policy
6667:Neofunctionalism
6637:
6636:
6545:
6544:
6487:Official Journal
6474:Citizens' Rights
6213:Court of Justice
6151:European Council
6099:Political groups
6050:
6049:
6041:
6040:
6012:
5957:
5956:
5737:
5736:
5705:
5704:
5650:
5649:
5629:
5622:
5615:
5606:
5605:
5592:
5591:
5590:
5446:
5445:
5436:(1958–1993/2009)
5417:
5410:
5403:
5394:
5393:
5218:
5213:(1st ed.).
5176:
5170:
5166:
5160:
5155:Acocella, Nicola
5141:
5140:
5138:
5136:
5127:. Archived from
5117:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5091:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5080:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5045:. Archived from
5035:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5010:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4988:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4966:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4946:. Archived from
4936:
4927:
4914:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4903:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4870:
4864:
4851:
4842:
4839:
4833:
4832:
4831:. 7 August 2016.
4825:
4819:
4813:
4807:
4806:
4798:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4781:
4774:
4765:
4759:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4735:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4710:
4704:
4703:
4698:. Archived from
4692:"Press releases"
4688:
4682:
4681:
4658:
4652:
4651:
4629:
4618:
4617:
4606:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4595:
4585:
4576:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4565:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4524:
4518:
4517:
4502:
4496:
4495:
4479:
4473:
4470:
4464:
4463:
4456:
4450:
4443:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4432:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4392:
4386:
4385:
4378:
4372:
4368:
4363:
4361:
4349:
4344:
4342:
4322:
4317:
4315:
4301:
4295:
4294:
4270:
4250:
4232:
4226:
4204:
4198:
4191:
4185:
4179:
4173:
4170:
4161:
4154:
4136:
4101:
4095:
4088:
4082:
4067:
4061:
4050:
4044:
4033:
4027:
3996:
3943:Amsterdam Treaty
3926:F: 26 March 1995
3853:S: 25 March 1957
3811:Paris treaties:
3784:S: 17 March 1948
3754:Entente Cordiale
3746:
3742:
3738:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3642:
3638:
3632:
3623:
3619:
3610:
3607:
3599:
3590:
3585:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3555:
3552:
3545:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3519:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3488:
3479:
3472:
3440:
3436:
3418:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3360:
3347:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3262:
3258:
3253:
3243:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3211:
2994:
2993:
2970:Community budget
2923:Community budget
2908:assent procedure
2840:European summits
2828:European Council
2757:Court of Justice
2676:
2660:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2639:
2633:
2617:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2596:
2580:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2559:
2545:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2524:
2504:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2483:
2467:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2446:
2429:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2408:
2391:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2370:
2354:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2333:
2319:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2294:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2259:
2235:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2131:war with Algeria
2076:
2073:
2055:
2048:
2030:Treaty of Lisbon
1869: Since 1995
1868:
1862:
1841:French President
1799:Budgetary powers
1786:Treaties of Rome
1755:Georges Pompidou
1655:French President
1640:French President
1577:Paul-Henri Spaak
1556:. The so-called
1550:Paul-Henri Spaak
1503:supranationalism
1472:Treaty of Lisbon
1323:
1316:
1309:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1279:List of founders
1195:Prodi Commission
1165:Thorn Commission
1101:
1100:
1078:Treaty of Lisbon
1004:
1003:
878:
877:
822:
795:
794:
768:
762:
742:
741:
730:
729:
715:
714:
614:Pillar abolished
417:Walter Hallstein
276:
264:
239:
217:
193:
178:
163:
148:
147:
133:
118:
103:
88:
75:
74:
62:
61:
21:
7589:
7588:
7584:
7583:
7582:
7580:
7579:
7578:
7529:
7528:
7527:
7518:
7489:
7455:
7434:
7367:
7351:
7298:
7288:
7286:
7256:
7251:
7238:
7231:
7222:
7170:
7151:Public holidays
7097:
7071:Global Strategy
6963:
6956:
6925:Labour mobility
6818:Global Strategy
6779:Driving licence
6721:
6697:Pro-Europeanism
6622:
6534:
6459:Competition law
6431:
6409:
6403:
6386:
6380:
6364:
6347:
6341:
6296:
6294:
6284:
6259:
6224:
6194:
6178:Vice-Presidents
6137:
6072:Vice-Presidents
6026:
6010:
6004:Protected areas
5974:External border
5942:
5904:
5842:
5811:
5784:
5771:
5753:
5726:
5696:
5687:1993–2004
5682:1973–1993
5677:1958–1972
5672:1948–1957
5639:
5633:
5603:
5598:
5588:
5586:
5578:
5560:EUFOR Tchad/RCA
5485:
5458:Sakharov Prize
5437:
5426:
5421:
5374:on CVCE website
5368:on CVCE website
5342:
5337:
5306:
5304:Primary sources
5174:
5168:
5164:
5158:
5150:
5148:Further reading
5145:
5144:
5134:
5132:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5104:
5102:
5092:
5088:
5078:
5076:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5052:
5050:
5037:
5036:
5029:
5019:
5017:
5012:
5011:
5007:
4997:
4995:
4990:
4989:
4985:
4975:
4973:
4968:
4967:
4963:
4953:
4951:
4950:on 23 June 2007
4938:
4937:
4930:
4925:Wayback Machine
4915:
4911:
4901:
4899:
4894:
4893:
4889:
4879:
4877:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4861:Wayback Machine
4852:
4845:
4840:
4836:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4818:on CVCE website
4814:
4810:
4799:
4795:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4772:
4766:
4762:
4754:
4750:
4737:
4736:
4732:
4722:
4720:
4714:"European Flag"
4712:
4711:
4707:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4675:
4659:
4655:
4648:
4630:
4621:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4593:
4591:
4583:
4577:
4573:
4563:
4561:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4537:
4535:
4526:
4525:
4521:
4504:
4503:
4499:
4480:
4476:
4471:
4467:
4458:
4457:
4453:
4444:
4440:
4430:
4428:
4418:
4414:
4404:
4402:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4359:
4357:
4340:
4338:
4325:
4313:
4311:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4287:
4271:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4253:
4233:
4229:
4205:
4201:
4192:
4188:
4180:
4176:
4171:
4164:
4155:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4140:
4139:
4117:EU institutions
4102:
4098:
4089:
4085:
4068:
4064:
4051:
4047:
4034:
4030:
3997:
3984:
3978:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3916:Schengen Treaty
3910:
3908:
3906:
3898:
3896:
3889:
3887:
3885:Davignon report
3880:
3878:
3877:S: 8 April 1965
3876:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3844:Rome treaties:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3832:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3789:
3788:T: 30 June 2011
3787:
3785:
3783:
3780:Brussels Treaty
3774:
3772:
3770:
3769:S: 4 March 1947
3768:
3759:
3758:S: 8 April 1904
3757:
3744:
3740:
3720:
3640:
3621:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3597:
3588:
3583:
3572:
3570:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3533:
3529:
3520:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3486:
3477:
3470:
3438:
3434:
3420:
3416:
3404:
3400:
3358:
3345:
3339:
3335:
3317:
3313:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3163:
3106:
3079:Schengen treaty
2989:
2983:
2968:funds from the
2956:
2935:
2876:
2848:
2798:
2753:Common Assembly
2737:
2723:
2717:
2646:
2644:
2603:
2601:
2566:
2564:
2531:
2529:
2490:
2488:
2453:
2451:
2415:
2413:
2377:
2375:
2340:
2338:
2301:
2299:
2266:
2264:
2221:
2219:
2213:
2186:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2149:
2139:
2108:standardization
2077:
2071:
2068:
2061:needs expansion
2046:
2015:Treaty of Paris
1973:Simple Majority
1927:
1880:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1748:Francoist Spain
1705:
1693:described as a
1601:
1562:Spaak Committee
1534:Common Assembly
1495:Treaty of Paris
1491:
1486:
1480:
1448:internal market
1438:under the 1965
1430:(ECSC) and the
1426:along with the
1345:created by the
1327:
1291:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1270:
1243:
1235:
1234:
1098:
1088:
1087:
1008:Treaty of Paris
1001:
991:
990:
875:
867:
866:
832:
811:
804:
789:
783:
764:
763:
758:
739:
709:
636:
635:
619:1 December 2009
616:
606:1 November 1993
603:
590:
577:
564:
551:
527:
497:
485:
473:
461:
449:
437:
425:
413:
392:
344:
343:
318:
279:
241:
237:
224:
219:
218:
201:
200:
71:
70:
58:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7587:
7577:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7524:
7523:
7520:
7519:
7517:
7516:
7513:European Union
7510:
7504:
7497:
7495:
7491:
7490:
7488:
7487:
7481:
7474:
7472:
7465:
7461:
7460:
7457:
7456:
7454:
7453:
7442:
7440:
7436:
7435:
7433:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7386:
7384:
7377:
7373:
7372:
7369:
7368:
7366:
7365:
7359:
7357:
7353:
7352:
7350:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7327:European Union
7324:
7319:
7313:
7311:
7304:
7300:
7299:
7285:
7284:
7277:
7270:
7262:
7253:
7252:
7250:
7249:
7244:
7237:
7236:
7228:
7227:
7224:
7223:
7221:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7184:
7182:
7176:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7169:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7136:Laissez-passer
7133:
7128:
7123:
7115:
7109:
7103:
7102:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7095:
7094:
7093:
7088:
7086:Current agenda
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7017:
7016:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6985:
6984:
6974:
6968:
6966:
6958:
6957:
6955:
6954:
6953:
6952:
6947:
6945:Sport policies
6942:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6921:
6920:
6910:
6905:
6904:
6903:
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6863:
6862:
6861:
6860:
6859:
6849:
6848:
6847:
6842:
6832:
6822:
6821:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6804:
6803:
6788:
6787:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6745:
6740:
6729:
6727:
6723:
6722:
6720:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6692:Federalisation
6689:
6684:
6682:Euroscepticism
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6643:
6641:
6634:
6628:
6627:
6624:
6623:
6621:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6599:
6598:
6588:
6587:
6586:
6585:
6584:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6548:
6542:
6536:
6535:
6533:
6532:
6531:
6530:
6525:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6483:
6478:
6477:
6476:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6445:
6443:
6437:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6430:
6429:
6424:
6419:
6413:
6411:
6405:
6404:
6402:
6401:
6396:
6390:
6388:
6382:
6381:
6379:
6378:
6372:
6370:
6366:
6365:
6363:
6362:
6357:
6351:
6349:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6323:
6322:
6319:
6314:
6306:
6300:
6298:
6290:
6289:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6282:
6281:
6280:
6269:
6267:
6261:
6260:
6258:
6257:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6234:
6232:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6220:
6215:
6204:
6202:
6196:
6195:
6193:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6158:
6147:
6145:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6135:
6134:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6113:
6112:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6095:
6094:
6092:Constituencies
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6058:
6056:
6047:
6038:
6032:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6025:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5984:Extreme points
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5960:
5954:
5948:
5947:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5914:
5912:
5906:
5905:
5903:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5856:
5854:
5848:
5847:
5844:
5843:
5841:
5840:
5831:
5821:
5819:
5813:
5812:
5810:
5809:
5804:
5798:
5796:
5790:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5782:
5776:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5758:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5751:
5746:
5740:
5734:
5728:
5727:
5725:
5724:
5719:
5713:
5711:
5709:Defence policy
5702:
5698:
5697:
5695:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5658:
5656:
5647:
5641:
5640:
5638: articles
5636:European Union
5632:
5631:
5624:
5617:
5609:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5596:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5576:
5571:
5562:
5553:
5551:EUFOR RD Congo
5544:
5535:
5526:
5517:
5508:
5503:
5497:
5495:
5491:
5490:
5487:
5486:
5484:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5460:
5454:
5452:
5443:
5439:
5438:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5420:
5419:
5412:
5405:
5397:
5391:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5369:
5363:
5353:
5348:
5341:
5340:External links
5338:
5336:
5335:
5328:
5321:
5316:Monnet, Jean.
5314:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5300:
5285:
5270:
5255:
5248:
5241:
5238:World Politics
5234:
5193:
5186:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5112:
5086:
5060:
5049:on 3 July 2007
5027:
5005:
4983:
4961:
4928:
4918:Populstat.info
4909:
4887:
4865:
4843:
4834:
4820:
4808:
4793:
4782:on 9 July 2007
4760:
4748:
4730:
4718:European Union
4705:
4683:
4673:
4653:
4646:
4619:
4601:
4571:
4545:
4519:
4497:
4474:
4465:
4460:"Spaak report"
4451:
4438:
4412:
4387:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4350:
4323:
4303:
4296:
4285:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4227:
4199:
4186:
4174:
4162:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4138:
4137:
4096:
4083:
4077:(TEU) and the
4062:
4045:
4028:
3981:
3980:
3973:
3972:
3963:
3961:
3952:
3950:
3941:
3939:
3930:
3928:
3913:
3911:
3909:F: 1 July 1987
3901:
3899:
3892:
3890:
3883:
3881:
3879:F: 1 July 1967
3872:
3870:
3859:
3857:
3843:
3841:
3828:
3826:
3810:
3808:
3792:
3790:
3777:
3775:
3765:Dunkirk Treaty
3762:
3760:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3696:
3694:
3691:
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3682:
3679:
3676:
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3666:
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3649:
3645:
3626:
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3611:
3594:
3591:
3580:
3576:
3557:
3556:
3540:
3536:
3513:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3490:
3482:
3481:
3474:
3471:Schengen Rules
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3365:
3363:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3342:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3314:European Union
3305:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3231:T: termination
3198:European Union
3162:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3073:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3059:EU Citizenship
3056:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3005:Border control
3002:
2982:
2979:
2955:
2952:
2934:
2931:
2875:
2872:
2847:
2844:
2808:Jacques Delors
2797:
2794:
2766:High Authority
2736:
2733:
2716:
2713:
2699:, members are
2678:
2677:
2672:
2666:
2661:
2659:1 January 1986
2656:
2651:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2623:
2618:
2616:1 January 1986
2613:
2608:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2581:
2579:1 January 1981
2576:
2571:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2549:
2546:
2544:1 January 1973
2541:
2539:United Kingdom
2536:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2505:
2503:1 January 1973
2500:
2495:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2468:
2466:1 January 1973
2463:
2458:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2315:
2306:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2284:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2249:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2181:
2175:
2138:
2135:
2122:
2121:
2115:
2096:
2079:
2078:
2058:
2056:
2045:
2042:
2023:Treaty of Rome
2019:Treaty of Nice
2006:also extended
2004:Treaty of Nice
1947:European Union
1926:
1923:
1879:
1876:
1865:
1859:
1818:flag of Europe
1721:United Kingdom
1704:
1701:
1600:
1597:
1593:Treaty of Rome
1589:Treaty of Rome
1570:Treaty of Rome
1522:federal Europe
1490:
1487:
1479:
1476:
1454:, forming the
1367:European Union
1347:Treaty of Rome
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1269:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1115:Rey Commission
1111:
1110:
1107:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1068:Treaty of Nice
1064:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1018:Treaty of Rome
1014:
1013:
1010:
1002:
997:
996:
993:
992:
987:
986:
983:
977:
976:
973:
967:
966:
963:
956:
955:
952:
946:
945:
942:
936:
935:
932:
924:
923:
922:(1958–present)
920:
912:
911:
908:
900:
899:
896:
888:
887:
884:
876:
873:
872:
869:
868:
865:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
837:Pre-1948 ideas
833:
828:
827:
824:
823:
815:
814:
812:European Union
810:History of the
806:
805:
798:
791:
790:
776:European Union
773:
770:
769:
766:United Kingdom
760:European Union
756:
752:
751:
748:
747:
744:
743:
736:
734:European Union
727:
724:
723:
718:
711:
710:
708:
707:
705:Pound sterling
702:
700:Spanish peseta
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
633:
632:
631:
629:
625:
624:
621:
620:
617:
611:
608:
607:
604:
598:
595:
594:
593:1 January 1993
591:
585:
582:
581:
578:
572:
569:
568:
567:1 January 1958
565:
559:
556:
555:
552:
546:
543:
542:
539:
538:
533:
532:Historical era
529:
528:
526:
525:
520:
514:
512:
508:
507:
504:
503:
501:Jacques Delors
498:
495:
492:
491:
486:
483:
480:
479:
474:
471:
468:
467:
462:
459:
456:
455:
453:Sicco Mansholt
450:
447:
444:
443:
438:
435:
432:
431:
426:
423:
420:
419:
414:
411:
408:
407:
404:
403:
400:
394:
393:
391:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
338:
337:
336:
334:
330:
329:
324:
320:
319:
317:
316:
310:
305:
299:
297:
291:
290:
288:Economic union
285:
281:
280:
277:
269:
268:
226:
225:
220:
212:
211:
208:
207:
203:
202:
199:
198:
195:
194:
187:
180:
179:
172:
165:
164:
157:
150:
149:
142:
135:
134:
127:
120:
119:
112:
105:
104:
97:
90:
89:
82:
68:
67:
66:
65:
36:European Union
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7586:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7536:
7534:
7514:
7511:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7499:
7498:
7496:
7492:
7485:
7482:
7479:
7476:
7475:
7473:
7469:
7466:
7462:
7451:
7447:
7444:
7443:
7441:
7437:
7431:
7430:United States
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7387:
7385:
7381:
7378:
7374:
7364:
7361:
7360:
7358:
7354:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7314:
7312:
7308:
7305:
7301:
7297:
7292:
7283:
7278:
7276:
7271:
7269:
7264:
7263:
7260:
7248:
7245:
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7234:
7230:
7229:
7225:
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7216:
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7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7185:
7183:
7181:
7177:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7146:Media freedom
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7121:
7117:
7116:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7104:
7092:
7089:
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7084:
7083:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
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7034:
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7024:
7022:
7019:
7015:
7012:
7011:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6965:
6959:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6919:
6916:
6915:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6891:Energy policy
6889:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6881:Customs Union
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6868:
6867:
6866:Single market
6864:
6858:
6855:
6854:
6853:
6850:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6837:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6827:
6826:
6823:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6802:
6799:
6798:
6797:
6794:
6793:
6792:
6789:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6774:
6770:
6769:identity card
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6743:Schengen Area
6741:
6739:
6736:
6735:
6734:
6731:
6730:
6728:
6724:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6644:
6642:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6629:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6597:
6594:
6593:
6592:
6589:
6583:
6580:
6579:
6578:
6575:
6574:
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6570:
6568:
6565:
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6555:
6553:
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6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
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6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6488:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6475:
6472:
6471:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6464:Copyright law
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6444:
6442:
6438:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6414:
6412:
6406:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6391:
6389:
6383:
6377:
6374:
6373:
6371:
6367:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6352:
6350:
6344:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6321:EIB Institute
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6309:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6301:
6299:
6291:
6279:
6276:
6275:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6266:
6262:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6240:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6231:
6227:
6219:
6218:General Court
6216:
6214:
6211:
6210:
6209:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6201:
6197:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6183:Commissioners
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6169:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6153:
6152:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6144:
6140:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6118:
6117:
6114:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6093:
6090:
6089:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6064:
6063:
6060:
6059:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6033:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5999:Member states
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5949:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5915:
5913:
5911:
5907:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5853:
5849:
5839:
5837:
5832:
5830:
5828:
5823:
5822:
5820:
5818:
5814:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5797:
5795:
5791:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5774:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5756:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5741:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5729:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5710:
5706:
5703:
5699:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5655:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5642:
5637:
5630:
5625:
5623:
5618:
5616:
5611:
5610:
5607:
5595:
5585:
5584:
5581:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5492:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5451:
5447:
5444:
5440:
5435:
5429:
5425:
5418:
5413:
5411:
5406:
5404:
5399:
5398:
5395:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5373:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5343:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5322:
5319:
5315:
5312:
5308:
5307:
5298:
5297:9781138729421
5294:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5282:9780415459570
5279:
5275:
5271:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5253:
5249:
5246:
5242:
5240:16(1): 32-51.
5239:
5235:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5216:
5212:
5211:
5206:
5202:
5198:
5194:
5191:
5187:
5184:
5180:
5173:
5163:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5130:
5126:
5122:
5116:
5101:
5097:
5090:
5075:. 29 May 2019
5074:
5070:
5064:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5034:
5032:
5015:
5009:
4993:
4987:
4971:
4965:
4949:
4945:
4941:
4935:
4933:
4926:
4922:
4919:
4913:
4897:
4891:
4875:
4869:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4850:
4848:
4838:
4830:
4824:
4817:
4812:
4804:
4797:
4778:
4771:
4764:
4757:
4752:
4744:
4740:
4734:
4719:
4715:
4709:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4687:
4680:
4676:
4670:
4666:
4665:
4657:
4649:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4628:
4626:
4624:
4615:
4611:
4605:
4589:
4582:
4575:
4559:
4555:
4549:
4533:
4529:
4523:
4515:
4511:
4507:
4501:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4478:
4469:
4461:
4455:
4448:
4442:
4427:
4423:
4416:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4383:
4377:
4367:
4356:
4351:
4348:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4321:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4293:
4288:
4286:9780719069949
4282:
4278:
4277:
4269:
4267:
4262:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4231:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4203:
4196:
4190:
4183:
4178:
4169:
4167:
4159:
4153:
4149:
4134:
4130:
4129:supranational
4126:
4122:
4121:member states
4118:
4114:
4110:
4107:and that the
4106:
4100:
4093:
4092:three pillars
4087:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4059:
4055:
4049:
4042:
4038:
4032:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3982:
3979:
3966:
3965:Lisbon Treaty
3955:
3951:
3948:F: 1 May 1999
3944:
3940:
3933:
3929:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3904:
3900:
3895:
3891:
3886:
3882:
3875:
3871:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3851:
3847:
3842:
3839:F: 6 May 1955
3835:
3834:
3827:
3818:
3814:
3809:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3755:
3750:
3749:
3743:
3737:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3723:
3717:
3712:
3710:
3705:
3703:
3698:
3697:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3658:
3651:
3648:
3643:
3637:
3631:
3624:
3622:Western Union
3618:
3613:
3608:
3600:
3592:
3586:
3579:
3575:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3526:
3518:
3511:
3510:
3504:
3496:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3473:
3465:
3462:
3449:
3442:
3437:
3423:
3419:
3411:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3372:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3338:
3332:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3316:
3310:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3265:
3248:
3247:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3084:Social policy
3082:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3034:Single market
3031:
3030:Customs union
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
3000:Asylum policy
2998:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2951:
2948:
2947:Community law
2944:
2943:highest court
2940:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2885:
2880:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2860:Community law
2857:
2856:executive arm
2853:
2843:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2824:member states
2821:
2817:
2809:
2806:
2802:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2778:Merger Treaty
2773:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2741:
2732:
2729:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2643:
2642:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2600:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2563:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2528:
2527:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2487:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2450:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2428:25 March 1957
2426:
2424:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2396:Luxembourgish
2393:
2390:25 March 1957
2388:
2386:
2383:
2374:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2353:25 March 1957
2351:
2349:
2346:
2337:
2336:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2318:25 March 1957
2316:
2314:
2310:
2307:
2298:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:25 March 1957
2277:
2275:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2234:25 March 1957
2232:
2230:
2227:
2218:
2217:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2173:
2169:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2144:
2134:
2132:
2126:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2090:customs union
2087:
2086:
2085:
2075:
2072:December 2007
2066:
2062:
2059:This section
2057:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2013:In 2002, the
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1939:supranational
1936:
1932:
1931:three pillars
1922:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1875:
1855:
1851:
1850:(see below).
1849:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1835:
1832:representing
1831:
1830:national flag
1827:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1673:Merger Treaty
1669:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1629:nuclear power
1626:
1625:customs union
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1554:customs union
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1485:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:single market
1441:
1440:Merger Treaty
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1392:customs union
1389:
1388:common market
1384:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1029:
1028:Merger Treaty
1026:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1000:
995:
994:
984:
982:
981:Western Union
979:
978:
974:
972:
969:
968:
964:
961:
958:
957:
953:
951:
948:
947:
943:
941:
938:
937:
933:
931:
930:
926:
925:
921:
919:
918:
914:
913:
909:
907:
906:
902:
901:
897:
895:
894:
890:
889:
885:
883:
880:
879:
871:
870:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
834:
831:
826:
825:
821:
817:
816:
813:
808:
807:
802:
797:
796:
787:
781:
777:
771:
767:
761:
757:
755:Today part of
753:
737:
735:
732:
731:
728:
726:
725:
722:
719:
717:
716:
712:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
690:Dutch guilder
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
670:Greek drachma
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
650:Belgian franc
648:
645:
641:
638:
637:
634:13 currencies
630:
626:
622:
618:
615:
609:
605:
602:
596:
592:
589:
588:Single market
583:
579:
576:
570:
566:
563:
557:
554:25 March 1957
553:
550:
549:Treaty signed
544:
540:
537:
534:
530:
524:
521:
519:
516:
515:
513:
509:
505:
502:
499:
493:
490:
487:
481:
478:
475:
469:
466:
463:
457:
454:
451:
445:
442:
439:
433:
430:
427:
421:
418:
415:
409:
405:
401:
399:
395:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
345:
341:
335:
331:
328:
325:
321:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
298:
296:
292:
289:
286:
282:
275:
270:
235:
231:
227:
223:
216:
209:
204:
192:
188:
185:
181:
177:
173:
170:
166:
162:
158:
155:
151:
143:
140:
136:
132:
128:
125:
121:
117:
113:
110:
106:
102:
98:
95:
91:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
72:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
47:Single market
44:
37:
33:
19:
18:Common Market
7506:
7494:Multilateral
7439:Multilateral
7356:Multilateral
7118:
6940:Space policy
6608:Average wage
6603:Minimum wage
6486:
6230:Central bank
6045:Institutions
5969:Demographics
5852:Enlargements
5835:
5826:
5794:Central bank
5761:
5701:Predecessors
5524:EUFOR Althea
5433:
5331:
5324:
5317:
5310:
5288:
5273:
5258:
5251:
5244:
5237:
5208:
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5129:the original
5115:
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5099:
5089:
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5073:the Guardian
5072:
5063:
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5047:the original
5018:. Retrieved
5008:
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4986:
4974:. Retrieved
4964:
4952:. Retrieved
4948:the original
4912:
4900:. Retrieved
4890:
4878:. Retrieved
4868:
4837:
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4777:the original
4763:
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4733:
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4717:
4708:
4700:the original
4695:
4686:
4678:
4663:
4656:
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4613:
4604:
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4587:
4574:
4562:. Retrieved
4557:
4548:
4536:. Retrieved
4531:
4522:
4510:CVCE Website
4509:
4500:
4487:
4477:
4468:
4454:
4446:
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4425:
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4399:
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4346:
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4335:the original
4330:
4319:
4312:. Retrieved
4299:
4290:
4275:
4230:
4202:
4197:: 80,274,200
4195:East Germany
4189:
4177:
4157:
4152:
4099:
4086:
4065:
4048:
4031:
4023:
4007:
3999:
3977:
3914:
3860:
3829:
3793:
3778:
3763:
3752:
3668:
3664:
3647:
3578:
3538:
3476:
3433:
3367:
3322:
3270:
3263:
3257:
3252:
3249:supersession
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3185:
3177:
3167:World War II
3164:
3089:Trade policy
2990:
2981:Policy areas
2974:audit report
2959:
2957:
2936:
2916:
2889:
2849:
2832:
2813:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2774:
2751:in that the
2746:
2724:
2715:Institutions
2681:
2309:West Germany
2206:Language(s)
2166:East Germany
2150:
2127:
2123:
2082:
2069:
2065:adding to it
2060:
2027:
2012:
1981:
1966:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1934:
1928:
1899:
1881:
1873:
1838:
1825:
1815:
1803:
1783:
1759:Edward Heath
1752:
1741:
1729:Trojan Horse
1706:
1694:
1684:
1670:
1648:
1602:
1585:Val Duchesse
1574:
1566:Ohlin Report
1558:Spaak Report
1519:
1492:
1460:
1424:institutions
1420:West Germany
1394:, among its
1385:
1380:
1374:
1370:
1363:first pillar
1358:
1354:
1338:
1334:
1332:
927:
915:
904:
903:
891:
874:Organisation
862:2004–present
785:
721:Succeeded by
720:
680:Italian lira
660:French franc
655:Danish krone
646:(accounting)
489:Gaston Thorn
323:Largest city
238:(orchestral)
229:
59:
7515:(1993–2020)
7509:(1973–1993)
7503:(1960–1972)
7486:(1862–1897)
7480:(1860–1892)
7420:Switzerland
7415:South Korea
7376:Negotiating
7337:New Zealand
7218:Urban areas
7081:Enlargement
6759:Citizenship
6508:LGBT rights
6346:Independent
6161:Euro summit
6077:Secretariat
6054:Legislature
5910:Withdrawals
5362:in Florence
4841:Case 138/79
4131:and partly
4071:legal basis
4004:development
3954:Nice Treaty
3020:Competition
2423:Netherlands
2100:agriculture
1711:. In 1961,
1709:enlargement
1609:sovereignty
1542:Jean Monnet
1511:integrating
1416:Netherlands
1096:Commissions
985:(1948–1954)
975:(1954–2011)
965:(1993–2009)
954:(2003–2009)
944:(1993–2003)
934:(1993–2009)
910:(1958–1993)
898:(1952–2002)
886:(1958–2009)
675:Irish pound
665:German mark
580:1 July 1967
562:Established
511:Legislature
477:Roy Jenkins
278:EEC in 1993
222:Flag (1986)
7533:Categories
7193:Directives
7091:Statistics
6913:Healthcare
6652:Eurosphere
6557:Currencies
6528:Withdrawal
6503:Regulation
6308:EIB Group
6253:Eurosystem
6121:Presidency
6082:Committees
6022:Statistics
5692:Since 2004
5565:CSDP Medal
5556:CSDP Medal
5547:CSDP Medal
5538:CSDP Medal
5529:CSDP Medal
5520:CSDP Medal
5511:CSDP Medal
5467:See also:
4916:Data from
4360:30 January
4341:30 January
4314:30 January
4257:References
4193:Including
4016:terminated
3920:Convention
3799:Washington
3606:pillar III
3502:pillar II)
3346:(Pillar I)
3221:S: signing
3063:Healthcare
3050:Employment
2874:Parliament
2846:Commission
2820:Presidency
2735:Background
2705:since 1979
2675:38,993,800
2621:Portuguese
2595:10,120,000
2558:57,681,000
2445:14,892,300
2432:Dutch and
2385:Luxembourg
2369:56,762,700
2332:63,254,000
2293:56,718,000
2258:10,016,000
2212:Population
2112:CE marking
1906:Luxembourg
1489:Background
1412:Luxembourg
383:Portuguese
313:Strasbourg
308:Luxembourg
234:Ode to Joy
169:Portuguese
7471:Bilateral
7383:Bilateral
7342:Singapore
7317:Australia
7310:Bilateral
7141:Languages
7120:Douzelage
6964:relations
6764:passports
6687:Euromyths
6591:Transport
6469:Directive
6297:EU bodies
6243:President
6200:Judiciary
6173:President
6156:President
6143:Executive
6131:Eurogroup
6087:Elections
6067:President
5964:Geography
5952:Geography
5481:Lux Prize
5356:Documents
5232:163149563
5224:317650570
5105:31 August
5079:31 August
4431:30 August
4405:30 August
3551:pillar II
3236:E: expiry
3171:sovereign
2868:President
2805:President
2638:9,862,500
2523:3,521,000
2482:5,146,500
2209:Currency
2202:Accession
2153:inner six
2104:transport
1910:The Hague
1834:statehood
1575:In 1956,
1548:in 1955,
857:1993–2004
852:1973–1993
847:1958–1972
842:1948–1957
782:articles.
206:1958–1993
7464:Obsolete
7242:Category
7156:Religion
6962:Foreign
6950:VAT Area
6830:Eurozone
6726:Policies
6640:Concepts
6632:Politics
6572:Eurozone
6523:opt-outs
6518:Treaties
6408:Military
6385:Advisory
6369:Agencies
6009:Regions
5667:Founders
5654:Timeline
5569:EUNAVFOR
5494:Military
5228:50016270
5199:(1992).
5157:(1992),
5020:26 April
4998:26 April
4976:26 April
4921:Archived
4902:26 April
4880:26 April
4857:Archived
4614:BBC News
4594:18 March
4514:Archived
4492:Archived
4488:BBC News
4248:Galician
4115:between
4024:de facto
4008:de facto
3801:treaties
3264:de facto
3246:de facto
3174:European
3104:See also
3075:Research
2966:taxpayer
2954:Auditors
2941:was the
2864:treaties
2854:was the
2835:minister
2768:was the
2611:Portugal
2552:Sterling
2548:English
1891:Portugal
1579:led the
1341:) was a
999:Treaties
830:Timeline
801:a series
799:Part of
786:De facto
628:Currency
536:Cold War
429:Jean Rey
303:Brussels
7484:Belgium
7347:Vietnam
7233:Outline
7166:Symbols
7107:Culture
6596:TRACECA
6540:Economy
6348:offices
5645:History
5442:General
5334:(1971).
5320:(1959).
5207:(ed.).
5135:25 June
5053:25 June
4954:25 June
4786:12 July
4723:17 June
4462:. 1956.
4292:outset.
4244:Catalan
4236:Aranese
4208:Cornish
4135:nature.
3731:
3728:
3725:
3693:
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3678:
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3276:outside
3215:Legend:
3184:or the
2796:Council
2788:to the
2684:Council
2664:Spanish
2589:Drachma
2512:English
2498:Ireland
2461:Denmark
2439:Guilder
2434:Frisian
2407:384,400
2365:(Lit.)
2358:Italian
2322:German
2313:Germany
2283:French
2229:Belgium
2214:(1990)
2161:Benelux
2137:Members
2092:with a
1794:Council
1717:Ireland
1713:Denmark
1583:at the
1560:of the
1515:members
1478:History
1400:Belgium
612:•
599:•
586:•
573:•
560:•
547:•
388:Spanish
378:Italian
358:English
232: "
230:Anthem:
184:Spanish
154:Italian
7478:France
7425:Turkey
7410:Mexico
7405:Israel
7390:Canada
7322:Canada
7303:Active
7247:Portal
6552:Budget
6449:Acquis
6410:bodies
6387:bodies
6036:Bodies
5295:
5280:
5265:
5222:
5181:
5016:. CVCE
4994:. CVCE
4972:. CVCE
4898:. CVCE
4671:
4644:
4283:
4246:, and
4240:Basque
4222:, and
4212:Gaelic
4000:per se
3795:London
3644:(WEU)
3587:
3534:(NATO)
3498:(JHA,
3405:(ECSC)
3274:
3266:inside
3261:
3242:
3190:French
2669:Peseta
2626:Escudo
2574:Greece
2478:(kr.)
2471:Danish
2403:(fr.)
2274:France
2254:(fr.)
2247:German
2243:French
2183:
2177:
1996:asylum
1895:Turkey
1883:Greece
1867:
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1826:ad hoc
1733:Greece
1725:Norway
1719:, the
1681:Courts
1528:and a
1414:, the
1404:France
1242:Topics
962:pillar
803:on the
402:
368:German
363:French
348:Danish
342:(1993)
327:London
284:Status
124:German
109:French
79:Danish
7450:CPTPP
7400:India
7332:Japan
7180:Lists
6293:Other
5203:. In
5175:'
5169:'
5165:'
5159:'
4780:(PDF)
4773:(PDF)
4584:(PDF)
4564:4 May
4538:4 May
4224:Welsh
4220:Scots
4216:Irish
4144:Notes
3905:(SEA)
3745:(CoE)
3625:(WU)
3589:(EPC)
3439:(EEC)
2950:law.
2933:Court
2654:Spain
2584:Greek
2508:Irish
2476:Krone
2401:Franc
2348:Italy
2328:(DM)
2287:Franc
2252:Franc
2239:Dutch
2197:State
2193:Flag
1988:visas
1971:like
1969:state
1887:Spain
1777:in a
1744:Spain
1408:Italy
373:Greek
353:Dutch
139:Greek
94:Dutch
6773:list
6577:Euro
5938:2020
5933:2012
5928:1985
5923:1984
5918:1962
5900:2013
5895:2007
5890:2004
5885:1995
5880:1990
5875:1986
5870:1981
5865:1973
5860:1954
5836:2012
5827:2012
5567:for
5558:for
5549:for
5540:for
5531:for
5522:for
5513:for
5293:ISBN
5278:ISBN
5263:ISBN
5220:OCLC
5179:ISBN
5137:2007
5107:2022
5081:2022
5055:2007
5022:2013
5000:2013
4978:2013
4956:2007
4904:2013
4882:2013
4788:2007
4725:2022
4669:ISBN
4642:ISBN
4596:2018
4588:CVCE
4566:2022
4558:CVCE
4540:2022
4532:CVCE
4433:2024
4407:2024
4362:2009
4343:2009
4316:2009
4281:ISBN
4119:and
4052:The
3918:and
3850:EAEC
3848:and
3815:and
3813:ECSC
3797:and
3340:(EC)
3318:(EU)
3032:and
2937:The
2882:The
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2591:(₯)
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2326:Mark
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1982:The
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1219:2014
1209:2004
1199:1999
1189:1994
1179:1985
1169:1981
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1149:1973
1139:1972
1129:1970
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1109:1958
1082:2007
1072:2001
1062:1997
1052:1992
1042:1986
1032:1965
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