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989:. He was held there for five weeks, kept in solitary confinement, interrogated, starved, tortured and brutally beaten, and senior figures of the Francoist State visited his cell, insulted him and threw coins or crusts of bread at him. In a military trial that lasted less than one hour and lacked legal guarantees, he was accused of military rebellion and sentenced to death. During the trial, Companys was defended by Ramón de Colubi, a young soldier who had fought the war for the
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910:. The conspirators intended to make Companys step down as president and to replace him with Prime Minister Joan Casanovas. In case of resistance, Companys was to be shot. The plot was exposed and some of its leaders jailed. During the war, Companys attempted to maintain the unity of his political coalition, but after the
839:, who happened to be in Barcelona during the events, to lead a newly-proclaimed Spanish Republican government, but Azaña rejected the proposition. The proclamation was suppressed by the Spanish army, and the Catalan government members were arrested. After the 1936 election and the victory of the left-wing coalition
806:, which protected the tenant farmers and granted access to the land they were cultivating, but it was contested by the Regionalist League and provoking a legal dispute with the Spanish government led by Ricardo Samper, increasing the tensions. Meanwhile, the Generalitat established its own Court of Appeal (
996:
Surprisingly, Colubí defended
Companys with courage to the point of receiving severe beatings and threats to his own life. Colubí asked Franco to pardon Companys but was ignored and then beaten again, this time by Franco. As a consequence of his role as defence attorney, Colubí was forced to go into
626:
as prominent figure); however, he was elected as an executive member of that party, representing the Partit
Republicà Català. Thanks to the bonds between the Spanish labour movement and the Spanish trade union movement, the election of Companys to this position gave the ERC great prestige amongst
801:
After the death of
Francesc Macià on 25 December 1933, who was presiding over the Generalitat of Catalonia, Companys was elected the successor President of the Generalitat by the Catalan Parliament, appointing a new coalition government composed by the Republican Left of Catalonia and the other
1387:
were based on a "justice backwards" and concluded, "it was therefore an error configuring the offenses of rebellion and sedition in order to attribute this offenses to the defenders of republican government, because these – legally and even metaphysically – were not able to commit
781:. After gaining a seat, he led the ERC representation and the Catalan minority group in the new Republican Parliament. He described his political objectives in Madrid: "We, the Catalan members of the Parliament, have come here not only to defend our
772:
After controlling the
Barcelona City Hall, Macià ordered Companys to take the office of "Gobernador Civil" (civil governor) of the Barcelona Province, which at that time held considerable powers such as policing. It had been controlled by
749:, the ERC won a surprise victory in Barcelona and other municipalities of Catalonia. After he learned the results, on 14 April, Companys, who was elected a city representative, and other ERC candidates together with the Party's leader
1005:
in
Barcelona at 6:30 a.m. on 15 October 1940. Refusing to wear a blindfold, he was taken before a firing squad of Civil Guards barefoot and, as they fired, he shouted 'Per Catalunya!' (For Catalonia!). He is buried at the
490:, on 21 June 1882, into a peasant family with aristocratic roots, he was the second child of ten. His parents were Josep Companys and Maria Lluïsa de Jover. His parents sent him to Barcelona in order to study at the
443:, his government tried to consolidate the recently acquired Catalan self-government and implement a progressive agenda, despite the internal difficulties. In disagreement with the accession of the right-wing party
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carried out were based on the application of the
Military Code for rebellion against all those who oppose the revolt. This meant that the real rebels against the legal authority condemned for the crime of
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802:
left-wing republican and catalanist parties. Under his presidency, the
Parliament legislated in order to improve the living conditions of the popular classes and the petite bourgeoisie such as by the
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2250:
777:
during the proclamation of the republic. Macià probably wanted a less public office for
Companys, whom he thought of as a political rival. Companys ran as a Barcelona provincial candidate in the
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2019:
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in early
September 1940 and imprisoned in the cellars of the headquarters of the Dirección General de Seguridad (General Directorate of State Security) at the Real Casa de Correos (
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1998:
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591:, taking the place of Layret, who would have taken that seat had he not been assassinated. This gave him parliamentary immunity, which secured his release from prison.
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1918:
1908:
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1978:
1943:
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1033:, is portrayed next to Companys's image in the monument. Several streets and squares in many cities and villages of Catalonia are named "Lluís Companys" after him.
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within the
Federation of Iberian Republics, a project that was later abandoned after gaining the promise of regional devolution and the restitution of the Catalan
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2240:
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1953:
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506:, Companys participated in the political life of Catalonia from a young age. In 1906, as a result of the military attack on the offices of Catalan newspapers
2014:
536:), where he was president of the youth section. He was investigated for his intense youth activities and was jailed fifteen times, being classified after the
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Exiled to France in 1939 after the Civil War, Companys had passed up various chances to leave France because his son Lluís was seriously ill in a clinic in
827:(Estat Català) within the "Spanish Federal Republic" for which he was arrested and sentenced to 30 years in prison. This action was seen as an attempt at a
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1993:
1933:
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785:, and the fraternal and democratic understanding of the members of Parliament; but, also to participate in matters that affect the greatness of Spain: the
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524:("Law of Jurisdictions"), which made speech against Spain and its symbols a criminal offence, he participated in the creation of the successful coalition
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1963:
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819:, which was not supported by the centrist and conservative Catalan representatives against the new centrist and right-wing republican government, led by
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1988:
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551:(Catalan Republican Party), for which he was elected local councilor of Barcelona in 1916. In November 1920, he was arrested together with
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1040:– University of Barcelona. It consists of correspondence about him, as well as discourses and declarations between 1936 and 1938.
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2917:
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610:(Conference of Leftists) held from 12 to 19 March 1931 that produced the political party Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC,
1508:
Inventari del Fons F-FP, Subsèrie Lluís Companys, del CRAI Biblioteca del Pavelló de la República de la Universitat de Barcelona
1001:, a Catalan writer, found that Companys and Colubí were relatives. All these efforts were useless, and Companys was executed at
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as a step to recover the control of the situation and organise the war effort, and the Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (
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753:, decided to take over by surprise the office of mayor and entered the City Hall. After some dispute, the transitional
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left-wing public opinion as it would otherwise have been regarded as a party of the progressive petty bourgeoisie.
431:(ERC) political party, founded in 1931. He had a key role in the events of the proclamation and first steps of the
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922:, a leader of POUM, from his post as Minister of Justice in December 1936. He left Barcelona 2 days prior to
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1021:, located on Montjuïc, is officially named in his memory. In 1998 a monument to Companys was installed near
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Companys remained the head of the Catalan government during the Spanish Civil War, remaining loyal to the
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from the City Hall's balcony and proclaimed the Republic. Shortly after, Francesc Macià proclaimed the
1148:
Mata, Jordi. «Solidaritat Catalana: la gran il·lusió». Serra d'Or', num. 555 (March 2006), pp. 20–21.
1113:
Finestres, Jordi (October 2012). "Lluís Companys. El president màrtir" (in Catalan) (121). Barcelona:
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915:
831:, as Companys revolted against the newly appointed centre-right republican government and joined the
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812:) and assumed executive powers in public order, according as the Statute of Autonomy stipulated.
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at that time, recognised it years later by affirming that the entire legal basis of the facts of
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Juliá, Santos; Casanova, Julián; Solé i Sabaté, Josep Maria; Villarroya; Moreno, Francisco.
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El tribunal de Cassació de la Generalitat republicana: La història d'una tradició prohibida
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843:, he was set free by the new Spanish government, and the Catalan government was restored.
579:. Shortly afterward, Layret was assassinated while preparing his defence by gunmen of the
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789:, the agrarian reforms and social legislation". In 1932, Companys was elected the first
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was deposed, and Companys was proclaimed new mayor. Subsequently, he hung a tricolour
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faction. Exiled in France after the war, he was captured by the secret police of
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615:
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583:. Despite having been deported, Companys was elected member of parliament for
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1282:
Finestres, Jordi; López, Manel (2014). "Entre la revolució i l'estelada".
618:(led by Francesc Macià), the Partit Republicà Català itself and the group
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918:, threatened that his country would cut off aid to Catalonia, he sacked
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In November 1936, the Generalitat government were to become target of a
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2513:
1563:
665: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
141:
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2557:
1502:
Web: "Unpublished documents about Carme Ballester and Lluís Companys"
1319:
Contra Companys, 1936. La frustración nacionalista ante la revolución
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3478:
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584:
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Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Second Spanish Republic
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572:
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regime in the 1920s. Detained again, he was unable to attend the
576:
508:
467:
35:
978:
966:
958:
875:
and was instrumental in organising a collaboration between the
769:(as autonomous government) from the new Republican government.
867:
began shortly afterward in July 1936, Companys sided with the
594:
Companys was one of the founders of the peasants' trade union
2716:
1750:
1569:
1551:
954:
3568:
Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
1336:
1334:
540:
of Barcelona as a "dangerous individual" in police records.
1176:«Proclamación de la República en Barcelona». La Vanguardia.
884:
547:, Companys represented the left-wing labour faction of the
444:
1306:
The Spanish Civil War. Reaction, revolution & revenge.
1257:
The Spanish Civil War. Reaction, revolution & revenge.
630:
1331:
797:
Presidency of Catalonia and proclamation of Catalan State
741:
Lluís Companys as Civil Governor of Barcelona, April 1931
3548:
Government ministers during the Second Spanish Republic
598:
in 1922, where he worked as lawyer and director of the
1478:
La Cobardia de ERC: Los 10 Primeros de la Guerra Civil
1375:
who had been loyal to the legitimate government. Even
1270:
The battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939.
455:, for which he was imprisoned between 1934 and 1936.
1625:
Himself, as President of the Generalitat de Catalunya
1317:
Enric Ucelay-Da Cal, Arnau González i Vilalta (ed.),
498:. Later, after obtaining his degree in law from the
439:
in 1934, after the death of the previous president,
3085:
White Paper on the National Transition of Catalonia
46:; both are generally joined by the conjunction "i".
1201:
1106:
906:, planned by the radical Catalanist organisation
528:. Later, he became affiliated with the ephemeral
3519:
973:. He was then brutally beaten and extradited by
42: and the second or maternal family name is
3543:Presidents of the Republican Left of Catalonia
3282:Association of Municipalities for Independence
1475:
1357:. Ediciones Temas de Hoy. 1999. Madrid. p. 331
1281:
2818:
2702:
2608:
1736:
957:. He was brutally beaten and arrested by the
427:and one of the most prominent leaders of the
3109:Law on the Referendum on Self-determination
1452:Els Anys de la Segona República (1931–1936)
1308:Harper Perennial. London. 2006. pp. 253–254
194:as President of the Government of Catalonia
93:25 December 1933 – 15 October 1940
3297:Committees for the Defense of the Republic
3069:Draft Constitution of the Catalan Republic
2825:
2811:
2709:
2695:
2615:
2601:
1743:
1729:
1226:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1050:List of people executed by Francoist Spain
877:Central Committee of Anti-Fascist Militias
779:December 1931 Spanish legislative election
66:
3578:Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in France
3563:Presidents of the Parliament of Catalonia
3558:Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
3093:Initiation of the Process of Independence
2718:Presidents of the Parliament of Catalonia
2467:Francesc Antoni de Solanell i de Montellà
1752:Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
1408:At Google Books. Retrieved June 17, 2013.
1373:rebellion, accession or aid the rebellion
1112:
977:authorities to the Spanish government in
725:Learn how and when to remove this message
437:president of the Generalitat of Catalonia
256:20 June 1933 – 12 September 1933
27:Catalan lawyer and politician (1882–1940)
3598:People executed by Spain by firing squad
3399:Republican Left of the Valencian Country
1616:Acting President of the Catalan Republic
1586:President of the Parliament of Catalonia
1554:from 23 January 1939 to 15 October 1940
1544:President of the Government of Catalonia
1513:Newspaper clippings about Lluís Companys
1192:. Oxford University Press, 1980, p. xvi.
941:
933:
850:
736:
408:; 21 June 1882 – 15 October 1940) was a
214:14 December 1932 – 20 June 1933
202:President of the Parliament of Catalonia
166:6 October 1934 – 7 October 1934
81:President of the Government of Catalonia
2948:2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis
2331:Gispert d'Amat i Desbosc de Sant Vicenç
1036:His personal archive is located in the
631:Proclamation of Second Spanish Republic
104:from 23 January 1939 to 15 October 1940
14:
3520:
3307:Socialist Party of National Liberation
1449:
1164:
929:
835:attempt at revolution. Companys asked
791:Speaker of the Parliament of Catalonia
2806:
2690:
2622:
2596:
1724:
1417:
1411:
1259:Harper Perennial. London. 2006. p. 78
534:Unió Federal Nacionalista Republicana
403:
3431:Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia
2020:Ferrer Nicolau de Gualbes i Desvalls
1038:Pavelló de la República CRAI Library
1029:in Barcelona. A friend of Companys,
663:adding citations to reliable sources
634:
530:Republican Nationalist Federal Union
3628:Inmates of Presó Model de Barcelona
3437:Democratic Convergence of Catalonia
3389:Catalan Solidarity for Independence
3125:Catalan declaration of independence
2190:Pere Oliver de Boteller i de Riquer
2170:Pere Oliver de Boteller i de Riquer
2090:Jeroni de Requesens i Roís de Liori
24:
3583:People executed by Francoist Spain
3464:Young Republican Left of Catalonia
2995:2019 trial of independence leaders
2933:2014 self-determination referendum
2901:2009–2011 independence referendums
2306:García Gil de Manrique y Maldonado
1272:Penguin Books. 2006. London. p. 30
1246:, 2009, 18 pages from a conference
1202:González i Vilalta, Arnau (2009).
969:on 13 August 1940 and detained in
893:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
815:On 6 October 1934, Companys led a
589:1920 Spanish legislative elections
25:
3644:
3573:Exiled politicians from Catalonia
3313:Catalan European Democratic Party
2396:Baltasar de Muntaner i de Sacosta
2376:Josep de Camporrells i de Sabater
2251:Pere Pau Caçador i d'AguilarDusai
1495:
1204:Lluís Companys. Un home de Govern
602:magazine during the years of the
447:to the Spanish government in the
2848:
2834:
2447:Antoni de Planella i de Cruïlles
2411:Antoni de Planella i de Cruïlles
2261:Francesc de Sentjust i de Castre
2110:Onofre de Copons i de Vilafranca
1472:. Buenos Aires: Editorial Losada
1286:(in Catalan). Barcelona: 31–32.
1055:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
938:Death sentence of Lluís Companys
639:
2918:2012 independence demonstration
2401:Antoni de Saiol i de Quarteroni
1426:
1395:
1360:
1347:
1311:
1298:
1275:
1262:
1085:"Presidents of the Generalitat"
650:needs additional citations for
518:, and after the passing of the
423:Companys was a lawyer close to
3469:Nationalist Youth of Catalonia
2990:2017 Catalan regional election
2462:Manuel de Copons i d'Esquerrer
2256:Onofre d'Alentorn i de Botella
2246:Bernat de Cardona i de Queralt
1476:Alcalá Giménez, César (2021).
1249:
1234:
1195:
1182:
1170:
1158:
1142:
1077:
983:Royal House of the Post Office
478:, which executed him in 1940.
13:
1:
3603:People extradited from France
2442:Josep Antoni Valls i Pandutxo
2437:Climent de Solanell i de Foix
2421:Climent de Solanell i de Foix
2115:Miquel de Ferrer i de Marimon
1470:Vida y sacrificio de Companys
1070:
879:, which was sponsored by his
481:
3618:Civil governors of Barcelona
3613:Burials at Montjuïc Cemetery
3319:Republican Left of Catalonia
2968:2017 independence referendum
2361:Jaume de Copons i de Tamarit
2326:Bernat de Cardona i de Raset
2311:Miquel d'Alentorn i de Salbà
2060:Joan Margarit i de Requesens
2025:Gonzalo Fernández de Heredia
1904:Jaume de Cardona i de Gandia
1548:Acting until 1 January 1934
924:its fall to the Nationalists
846:
817:Catalan nationalist uprising
747:1931 Spanish local elections
612:Republican Left of Catalonia
429:Republican Left of Catalonia
367:Republican Left of Catalonia
34:, the first or paternal
7:
3506:marks defunct organisations
3287:Assemblea Nacional Catalana
3117:Law of juridical transition
3005:2019 Catalan general strike
2980:2017 Catalan general strike
2871:1918-1919 autonomy campaign
2416:Rafael de Pinyana i Galvany
2366:Josep de Magarola i de Grau
2286:Pere de Magarola i Fontanet
2215:Francesc Oliver de Boteller
2200:Francesc Oliver de Boteller
2145:Miquel d'Oms i de Sentmenat
2135:Pere Àngel Ferrer i Despuig
2130:Francesc Jeroni Benet Franc
2105:Miquel d'Oms i de Sentmenat
2075:Francesc Oliver de Boteller
2065:Lluís de Cardona i Enríquez
1517:20th Century Press Archives
1436:Harper Press. London p. 493
1402:Gary McDonogh, Gary (2009)
1381:Minister of Foreign Affairs
1355:Victimas de la guerra civil
1344:Harper Press. London p. 493
1043:
946:Grave of Lluís Companys at
567:and he was deported to the
10:
3649:
3608:People extradited to Spain
3077:Declaration of Sovereignty
2733:Joan Casanovas i Maristany
2452:Francesc de Valls i Freixa
2266:Ramon d'Olmera i d'Alemany
2140:Ferran de Lloances i Peres
1899:Antoni d'Avinyó i de Moles
1596:Joan Casanovas i Maristany
1454:. Barcelona: Edicions 62.
1443:
1422:. Bloomsbury. p. 126.
1206:. Barcelona. p. 127.
237:Joan Casanovas i Maristany
29:
3497:
3456:
3418:Autonomist and federalist
3417:
3274:
3267:
3136:
3051:
3028:Principality of Catalonia
3015:
2953:2017 National Day for Yes
2858:
2758:Joaquim Xicoy i Bassegoda
2749:Francesc Farreres i Duran
2724:
2630:
2527:
2493:
2484:
2429:
2233:
2007:
1846:
1765:
1759:Deputation of the General
1758:
1706:
1697:
1689:
1679:
1670:
1662:
1657:
1647:
1638:
1630:
1622:
1613:
1602:
1592:
1583:
1577:
1560:
1541:
1533:
1528:
1420:Barca: a people's passion
1027:Passeig de Lluís Companys
916:Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko
470:, and handed over to the
416:from 1934 and during the
412:politician who served as
390:
382:
372:
358:
333:
305:
300:
296:
284:
272:
260:
249:
242:
230:
218:
207:
199:
185:
170:
159:
147:
135:
123:
109:
86:
78:
74:
65:
53:
3194:Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira
2752:Heribert Barrera i Costa
2671:Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira
2371:Joan Pagès i Vallgornera
1658:Party political offices
1093:Generalitat de Catalunya
857:Generalitat de Catalunya
363:Catalan Republican Party
3633:Catalan Anti-Francoists
3588:Executed Spanish people
3348:Popular Unity Candidacy
2881:Catalan Republic (1931)
2742:Antoni Rovira i Virgili
2495:Second Spanish Republic
2406:Benet Ignasi de Salazar
2316:Pau Claris i Casademunt
1468:Ossorio, Ángel (1943).
1450:Abelló, Teresa (2006).
1432:Preston, Paul. (2012).
1368:drumhead courts-martial
1340:Preston, Paul. (2012).
1240:Roca i Trias, Encarna.
1190:Modern Spain: 1975–1980
759:Spanish Republican Flag
608:Conferència d'Esquerres
549:Partit Republicà Català
500:University of Barcelona
433:Second Spanish Republic
405:[ʎuˈiskumˈpaɲs]
3448:Proposta per les Illes
3154:Josep Puig i Cadafalch
3038:Anti-Catalan sentiment
3033:Republican Generalitat
2876:Plot of Prats de Molló
2755:Miquel Coll i Alentorn
2205:Jaume Caçador i Claret
1651:Vicente Iranzo Enguita
1434:The Spanish Holocaust.
1406:. Taylor & Francis
1342:The Spanish Holocaust.
1130:Cite journal requires
950:
939:
860:
742:
614:) from the merging of
451:, he proclaimed a new
414:president of Catalonia
401:Catalan pronunciation:
397:Lluís Companys i Jover
291:Vicente Iranzo Enguita
3425:Assembly of Catalonia
3149:Enric Prat de la Riba
2963:2017 Operation Anubis
2913:2010 autonomy protest
2845:independence movement
2497:and exile (1931–1977)
2381:Esteve Mercadal i Dou
2241:Jaume Cordelles i Oms
2225:Jaume Cordelles i Oms
2195:Martí Joan de Calders
1954:Joan Maurici de Ribes
1919:Bernat Guillem Samasó
1909:Pero Ximénez de Urrea
1773:Berenguer de Cruïlles
1418:Burns, Jimmy (2000).
945:
937:
891:communist party, and
854:
740:
521:Ley de Jurisdicciones
2985:2017 Wake Up Europe!
2746:Manuel Serra i Moret
2391:Josep Sastre i Prats
2386:Alfonso de Sotomayor
2080:Dionís de Carcassona
2030:Lluís Desplà i d'Oms
1979:Ponç Andreu de Vilar
1944:Ponç Andreu de Vilar
1641:Minister of the Navy
1179:15 de abril de 1931.
1089:catalangovernment.eu
1065:White Terror (Spain)
1019:1992 Summer Olympics
895:(CNT), an anarchist
809:Tribunal de Cassació
659:improve this article
526:Solidaritat Catalana
244:Minister of the Navy
114:Niceto Alcalá-Zamora
99:until 1 January 1934
56:The Right Honourable
3623:Spanish republicans
3593:Executed presidents
3443:Catalonia in Common
3331:Junts per Catalunya
2886:Events of 6 October
2841:Catalan nationalism
2070:Francesc de Solsona
1377:Ramón Serrano Suñer
999:Víctor Gay Zaragoza
930:Exile and execution
887:), a revolutionary
855:Bank note from the
783:Statute of Autonomy
775:republican radicals
596:Unió de Rabassaires
515:La Veu de Catalunya
449:events of 6 October
3538:People from Urgell
3404:Democratic Tsunami
3000:2019–2020 protests
2644:Carles Pi i Sunyer
2486:Modern Generalitat
2351:Joan Jeroni Besora
1934:Manuel de Montsuar
1929:Antoni Pere Ferrer
1869:Dalmau de Cartellà
1833:Miquel de Santjoan
1808:Galceran de Besora
1803:Guillem de Guimerà
1693:Carles Pi i Sunyer
1683:Carles Pi i Sunyer
1529:Political offices
1480:. Barcelona: SND.
1060:Red Terror (Spain)
951:
940:
881:Catalan government
873:Nationalist rebels
861:
804:Crop Contracts Law
755:Mayor of Barcelona
743:
569:Castell de la Mola
376:Mercè Micó (div.)
225:Office established
3515:
3514:
3493:
3492:
3229:Carles Puigdemont
3179:Josep Tarradellas
3101:Let Catalans Vote
3023:Catalan Countries
2958:2017 Yes Campaign
2943:2016 We are ready
2866:¡Cu-Cut! incident
2800:
2799:
2684:
2683:
2624:Presidents of ERC
2590:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2563:Carles Puigdemont
2538:Josep Tarradellas
2529:Restored autonomy
2519:Josep Tarradellas
2480:
2479:
2472:Josep de Vilamala
2296:Pere Antoni Serra
2220:Francesc Oliveres
2210:Miquel d'Agullana
2055:Bernat de Corbera
1964:Pere Joan Llobera
1864:Joan Desgarrigues
1823:Pere de Santamans
1818:Felip d'Anglesola
1798:Joan I d'Empúries
1719:
1718:
1707:Succeeded by
1680:Succeeded by
1648:Succeeded by
1623:Succeeded by
1593:Succeeded by
1572:
1561:Succeeded by
1555:
1321:, Valencia 2012,
1213:978-84-92437-26-9
1008:Montjuïc Cemetery
963:La Baule-les-Pins
948:Montjuïc Cemetery
865:Spanish Civil War
821:Alejandro Lerroux
735:
734:
727:
709:
581:Sindicatos Libres
418:Spanish Civil War
394:
393:
386:Lluís (1911–1956)
16:(Redirected from
3640:
3409:Catalan Alliance
3365:Més per Mallorca
3275:Pro-independence
3272:
3271:
3249:Elisenda Paluzie
3144:Valentí Almirall
3129:
3128:(10/27 Oct 2017)
3121:
3113:
3105:
3097:
3089:
3081:
3073:
3065:
3060:Bases de Manresa
2928:2014 Catalan Way
2923:2013 Catalan Way
2891:Operation Garzón
2853:
2852:
2851:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2804:
2803:
2777:Núria de Gispert
2711:
2704:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2662:Jaume Campabadal
2658:Heribert Barrera
2653:Vacant 1940-1993
2617:
2610:
2603:
2594:
2593:
2548:Pasqual Maragall
2491:
2490:
2291:Francesc Morillo
2281:Benet Fontanella
2271:Miquel d'Aimeric
2155:Francesc Giginta
2050:Esteve de Garret
1999:Pedro de Mendoza
1984:Juan Payo Coello
1969:Berenguer de Sos
1828:Arnau Descolomer
1763:
1762:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1722:
1721:
1713:Heribert Barrera
1700:President of ERC
1690:Preceded by
1673:President of ERC
1663:Preceded by
1631:Preceded by
1603:Preceded by
1578:Preceded by
1567:
1547:
1534:Preceded by
1526:
1525:
1491:
1465:
1437:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1415:
1409:
1399:
1393:
1364:
1358:
1351:
1345:
1338:
1329:
1315:
1309:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1279:
1273:
1268:Beevor, Antony.
1266:
1260:
1253:
1247:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1217:
1199:
1193:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1118:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1081:
869:Spanish Republic
763:Catalan Republic
730:
723:
719:
716:
710:
708:
674:"Lluís Companys"
667:
643:
635:
622:(which included
557:El Noi del Sucre
476:Francisco Franco
407:
402:
340:
315:
313:
301:Personal details
287:
275:
263:
254:
233:
221:
212:
195:
188:
181:
173:
164:
154:Catalan Republic
150:Acting President
138:
126:
105:
91:
70:
51:
50:
21:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3489:
3452:
3413:
3377:Més per Menorca
3292:Òmnium Cultural
3263:
3214:Carme Forcadell
3204:Oriol Junqueras
3132:
3127:
3119:
3111:
3103:
3095:
3087:
3079:
3071:
3063:
3047:
3011:
2854:
2849:
2847:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2801:
2796:
2782:Carme Forcadell
2720:
2715:
2685:
2680:
2676:Joan Puigcercós
2666:Jordi Carbonell
2626:
2621:
2591:
2582:
2523:
2476:
2425:
2346:Francesc Pijoan
2301:Esteve Salacruz
2229:
2125:Miquel de Tormo
2003:
1989:Joan de Peralta
1974:Pere de Cardona
1924:Nicolau Pujades
1894:Pere de Darnius
1884:Marc de Vilalba
1854:Marc de Vilalba
1842:
1754:
1749:
1715:
1710:
1703:
1695:
1685:
1676:
1668:
1653:
1644:
1636:
1626:
1619:
1611:
1609:
1598:
1589:
1581:
1573:
1566:
1557:
1549:
1546:
1539:
1498:
1488:
1462:
1446:
1441:
1440:
1431:
1427:
1416:
1412:
1400:
1396:
1365:
1361:
1352:
1348:
1339:
1332:
1316:
1312:
1304:Preston, Paul.
1303:
1299:
1280:
1276:
1267:
1263:
1255:Preston, Paul.
1254:
1250:
1239:
1235:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1200:
1196:
1188:Carr, Raymond.
1187:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1159:
1147:
1143:
1131:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1046:
1003:Montjuïc Castle
971:La Santé Prison
932:
849:
833:Asturias miners
799:
731:
720:
714:
711:
668:
666:
656:
644:
633:
604:Primo de Rivera
565:trade unionists
545:Francesc Layret
504:Francesc Layret
502:, where he met
492:boarding school
484:
425:labour movement
400:
378:Carme Ballester
377:
365:
359:Political party
342:
338:
337:15 October 1940
317:
311:
309:
285:
273:
261:
255:
250:
231:
219:
213:
208:
193:
192:
186:
179:
171:
165:
160:
136:
124:
116:
100:
95:
94:
92:
87:
61:
58:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3646:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3460:
3458:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3434:
3428:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3316:
3310:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3278:
3276:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3189:Guillem Agulló
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3164:Lluís Companys
3161:
3159:Francesc Macià
3156:
3151:
3146:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3122:
3114:
3106:
3098:
3090:
3082:
3074:
3066:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3008:
3007:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2807:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2731:
2729:Lluís Companys
2725:
2722:
2721:
2714:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2691:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2648:Lluís Companys
2645:
2642:
2640:Lluís Companys
2637:
2635:Francesc Macià
2631:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2597:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2531:(1977–present)
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2509:Lluís Companys
2506:
2504:Francesc Macià
2500:
2498:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2175:Benet de Tocco
2172:
2167:
2162:
2160:Benet de Tocco
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2015:Alfons d'Aragó
2011:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1959:Miquel Delgado
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1939:Francesc Colom
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1914:Bertran Samasó
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1874:Felip de Malla
1871:
1866:
1861:
1859:Andreu Bertran
1856:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1838:Alfons de Tous
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1793:Romeu Sescomes
1790:
1785:
1780:
1778:Romeu Sescomes
1775:
1769:
1767:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1725:
1717:
1716:
1711:next in 1993,
1708:
1705:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1669:
1666:Francesc Macià
1664:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1646:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1612:
1606:Francesc Macià
1604:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1591:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1562:
1559:
1540:
1537:Francesc Macià
1535:
1531:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1510:
1505:
1497:
1496:External links
1494:
1493:
1492:
1487:978-8418816116
1486:
1473:
1466:
1461:978-8429757637
1460:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1425:
1410:
1404:Iberian Worlds
1394:
1359:
1346:
1330:
1327:978-8437089157
1310:
1297:
1274:
1261:
1248:
1233:
1212:
1194:
1181:
1169:
1157:
1141:
1132:|journal=
1105:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1045:
1042:
987:Puerta del Sol
931:
928:
889:anti-Stalinist
848:
845:
798:
795:
751:Francesc Macià
733:
732:
647:
645:
638:
632:
629:
553:Salvador Seguí
496:Liceu Poliglot
483:
480:
441:Francesc Macià
392:
391:
388:
387:
384:
380:
379:
374:
370:
369:
360:
356:
355:
341:(aged 58)
335:
331:
330:
307:
303:
302:
298:
297:
294:
293:
288:
282:
281:
276:
270:
269:
264:
262:Prime Minister
258:
257:
247:
246:
240:
239:
234:
228:
227:
222:
216:
215:
205:
204:
197:
196:
189:
183:
182:
177:Francesc Macià
174:
168:
167:
157:
156:
145:
144:
139:
133:
132:
130:Francesc Macià
127:
121:
120:
111:
107:
106:
84:
83:
76:
75:
72:
71:
63:
62:
60:Lluís Companys
59:
54:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3645:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3507:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3496:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3455:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3416:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
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3298:
3295:
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3290:
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3283:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3268:Organisations
3266:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3254:Pere Aragonès
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3234:Roger Torrent
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3224:Jordi Cuixart
3222:
3220:
3219:Jordi Sànchez
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3209:Muriel Casals
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3169:Joan Comorera
3167:
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3162:
3160:
3157:
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3147:
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3141:
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3080:(23 Jan 2013)
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2938:2015 Free Way
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2816:
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2805:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2787:Roger Torrent
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2772:Ernest Benach
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2762:Joan Reventós
2760:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
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2618:
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2604:
2599:
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2595:
2579:
2578:Salvador Illa
2576:
2574:
2573:Pere Aragonès
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2553:José Montilla
2551:
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2341:Pau del Rosso
2339:
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2329:
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2319:
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2276:Lluís de Tena
2274:
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2188:
2186:
2183:
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2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2165:Jaume Cerveró
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:Joan de Tormo
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2100:Jaume Caçador
2098:
2096:
2093:
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2088:
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2083:
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2078:
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2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1994:Francí Vicenç
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1889:Pere de Palou
1887:
1885:
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1880:
1877:
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1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
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1814:
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1806:
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1801:
1799:
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1791:
1789:
1788:Bernat Vallès
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
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1771:
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1768:
1764:
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1757:
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1527:
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1471:
1467:
1463:
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1429:
1421:
1414:
1407:
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1398:
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1293:
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1271:
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1198:
1191:
1185:
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1173:
1167:, p. 118
1166:
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1137:
1124:
1116:
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1086:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1031:Conxita Julià
1028:
1024:
1023:Arc de Triomf
1020:
1017:used for the
1016:
1011:
1009:
1004:
1000:
994:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
949:
944:
936:
927:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
900:
899:trade union.
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
858:
853:
844:
842:
841:Popular Front
838:
834:
830:
826:
825:Catalan State
822:
818:
813:
811:
810:
805:
794:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
770:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
739:
729:
726:
718:
715:November 2017
707:
704:
700:
697:
693:
690:
686:
683:
679:
676: –
675:
671:
670:Find sources:
664:
660:
654:
653:
648:This section
646:
642:
637:
636:
628:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
561:Martí Barrera
558:
554:
550:
546:
541:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:
517:
516:
511:
510:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
479:
477:
473:
472:Spanish State
469:
465:
461:
456:
454:
453:Catalan State
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
421:
419:
415:
411:
406:
398:
389:
385:
381:
375:
371:
368:
364:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
308:
304:
299:
295:
292:
289:
283:
280:
277:
271:
268:
265:
259:
253:
248:
245:
241:
238:
235:
229:
226:
223:
217:
211:
206:
203:
198:
190:
184:
178:
175:
169:
163:
158:
155:
151:
146:
143:
140:
134:
131:
128:
122:
119:
115:
112:
108:
103:
98:
90:
85:
82:
77:
73:
69:
64:
57:
52:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3505:
3501:
3394:Reagrupament
3358:Poble Lliure
3324:Sobiranistes
3302:Estat Català
3239:Anna Gabriel
3163:
3120:(8 Sep 2017)
3112:(6 Sep 2017)
3096:(9 Nov 2015)
3058:
2792:Laura Borràs
2728:
2652:
2647:
2639:
2508:
2430:18th century
2234:17th century
2180:Rafael d'Oms
2150:Onofre Gomis
2085:Joan Pasqual
2045:Jaume Fiella
2040:Joan d'Aragó
2008:16th century
1949:Miquel Samsó
1847:15th century
1766:14th century
1698:
1671:
1639:
1614:
1584:
1542:
1504:(in Catalan)
1477:
1469:
1451:
1433:
1428:
1419:
1413:
1403:
1397:
1372:
1362:
1354:
1349:
1341:
1318:
1313:
1305:
1300:
1283:
1277:
1269:
1264:
1256:
1251:
1242:
1236:
1203:
1197:
1189:
1184:
1172:
1160:
1144:
1123:cite journal
1108:
1096:. Retrieved
1088:
1079:
1035:
1015:main stadium
1012:
995:
952:
912:Soviet Union
908:Estat Català
904:violent coup
901:
871:against the
862:
837:Manuel Azaña
814:
807:
800:
787:Constitution
771:
744:
721:
712:
702:
695:
688:
681:
669:
657:Please help
652:verification
649:
616:Estat Català
607:
599:
593:
568:
556:
542:
533:
519:
513:
507:
495:
485:
464:Nazi Germany
457:
435:. Appointed
422:
396:
395:
339:(1940-10-15)
316:21 June 1882
286:Succeeded by
267:Manuel Azaña
251:
232:Succeeded by
224:
209:
187:Succeeded by
161:
137:Succeeded by
118:Manuel Azaña
88:
48:
43:
39:
32:Catalan name
3533:1940 deaths
3528:1882 births
3259:Lluís Llach
3184:Jordi Pujol
2896:Fresno Case
2543:Jordi Pujol
2336:Andreu Pont
2321:Josep Soler
2185:Jaume Beuló
2095:Miquel Puig
1879:Domènec Ram
1813:Ramon Gener
1783:Ramon Gener
1165:Abelló 2006
975:Nazi German
914:'s consul,
897:syndicalist
829:coup d'état
767:Generalitat
538:Tragic Week
274:Preceded by
220:Preceded by
172:Preceded by
125:Preceded by
3522:Categories
3244:Quim Torra
3174:Josep Irla
3104:(May 2017)
3088:(Sep 2014)
3043:Federalism
2767:Joan Rigol
2737:Josep Irla
2568:Quim Torra
2514:Josep Irla
2457:Josep Grau
2356:Pau d'Àger
2035:Jordi Sanç
1704:1936–1940
1677:1933–1934
1634:José Giral
1590:1932–1933
1564:Josep Irla
1558:1933–1940
1390:Solé, 1999
1071:References
920:Andrés Nin
685:newspapers
624:Joan Lluhí
563:and other
555:(known as
482:Early life
460:Republican
312:1882-06-21
279:José Giral
142:Josep Irla
79:123rd
3199:Artur Mas
3052:Documents
2973:reactions
2558:Artur Mas
1580:New title
1385:Civil War
1292:1695-2014
1222:cite book
1154:0037-2501
863:When the
847:Civil War
488:El Tarròs
373:Spouse(s)
352:Catalonia
348:Barcelona
327:Catalonia
319:El Tarròs
252:In office
210:In office
162:In office
110:President
89:In office
3479:La Forja
3353:Endavant
3016:Concepts
1709:Vacant,
1117:: 46–49.
1044:See also
620:L'Opinió
600:La Terra
585:Sabadell
486:Born in
383:Children
344:Montjuïc
102:In exile
40:Companys
30:In this
18:Companys
3484:Maulets
2906:support
1610:in 1931
1519:of the
1515:in the
1444:Sources
1388:them".(
1284:Sàpiens
1115:Sàpiens
1098:10 July
997:exile.
745:In the
699:scholar
587:in the
577:Menorca
509:Cu-Cut!
468:Gestapo
410:Catalan
354:, Spain
329:, Spain
191:Himself
152:of the
36:surname
3137:People
3072:(1928)
3064:(1892)
2859:Events
1484:
1458:
1325:
1290:
1210:
1152:
991:rebels
979:Madrid
967:Nantes
959:Milice
859:, 1936
701:
694:
687:
680:
672:
466:, the
323:Urgell
180:(1931)
97:Acting
3474:Arran
3457:Youth
1645:1933
1620:1934
1570:exile
1552:exile
1025:, on
985:) in
965:near
955:Paris
706:JSTOR
692:books
573:Mahón
543:With
44:Jover
3502:Sign
3382:PSMe
2843:and
1482:ISBN
1456:ISBN
1366:The
1323:ISBN
1288:ISSN
1228:link
1208:ISBN
1150:ISSN
1136:help
1100:2020
1013:The
885:POUM
678:news
512:and
445:CEDA
334:Died
306:Born
200:1st
148:4th
3370:PSM
3341:MES
1568:In
1550:in
1521:ZBW
961:in
661:by
571:in
559:),
494:of
474:of
38:is
3524::
3504:†
3336:DC
1608:,
1379:,
1333:^
1224:}}
1220:{{
1127::
1125:}}
1121:{{
1091:.
1087:.
993:.
926:.
793:.
575:,
420:.
350:,
346:,
325:,
321:,
3508:.
3486:†
3439:†
3433:†
3427:†
3315:†
3309:†
2826:e
2819:t
2812:v
2710:e
2703:t
2696:v
2616:e
2609:t
2602:v
1744:e
1737:t
1730:v
1490:.
1464:.
1392:)
1294:.
1230:)
1216:.
1138:)
1134:(
1102:.
728:)
722:(
717:)
713:(
703:·
696:·
689:·
682:·
655:.
532:(
399:(
314:)
310:(
20:)
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