3641:
3284:
2886:
4663:
4922:(FERS). Like other federal employees, congressional retirement is funded through taxes and participants' contributions. Members of Congress under FERS contribute 1.3% of their salary into the FERS retirement plan and pay 6.2% of their salary in Social Security taxes. And like federal employees, members contribute one-third of the cost of health insurance with the government covering the other two-thirds. The size of a congressional pension depends on the years of service and the average of the highest three years of their salary. By law, the starting amount of a member's retirement annuity may not exceed 80% of their final salary. In 2018, the average annual pension for retired senators and representatives under the
3735:. The presidency remains considerably more powerful today than during the 19th century. Executive branch officials are often loath to reveal sensitive information to members of Congress because of concern that information could not be kept secret; in return, knowing they may be in the dark about executive branch activity, congressional officials are more likely to distrust their counterparts in executive agencies. Many government actions require fast coordinated effort by many agencies, and this is a task that Congress is ill-suited for. Congress is slow, open, divided, and not well matched to handle more rapid executive action or do a good job of overseeing such activity, according to one analysis.
2640:
4033:
3925:
693:
2450:
474:
164:
760:
21560:
2468:
618:
3910:
12453:
2872:
4095:
2902:
4722:... the legislative process is easy to dislike – it often generates political posturing and grandstanding, it necessarily involves compromise, and it often leaves broken promises in its trail. Also, members of Congress often appear self-serving as they pursue their political careers and represent interests and reflect values that are controversial. Scandals, even when they involve a single member, add to the public's frustration with Congress and have contributed to the institution's low ratings in opinion polls.
4654:, which smears an opponent's character without focusing on the issues. Negative advertising is seen as effective because "the messages tend to stick." These advertisements sour the public on the political process in general as most members of Congress seek to avoid blame. One wrong decision or one damaging television image can mean defeat at the next election, which leads to a culture of risk avoidance, a need to make policy decisions behind closed doors, and concentrating publicity efforts in the members' home districts.
408:
4685:, felt that elections were essential to liberty, that a bond between the people and the representatives was particularly essential, and that "frequent elections are unquestionably the only policy by which this dependence and sympathy can be effectually secured." In 2009, few Americans were familiar with leaders of Congress. The percentage of Americans eligible to vote who did, in fact, vote was 63% in 1960, but has been falling since, although there was a slight upward trend in the 2008 election.
765:
4573:
21681:
1909:
21835:
3299:
21818:
21693:
21705:
1921:
1979:
4314:
4326:
21784:
3656:
21801:
21767:
79:
12412:
21750:
3930:
3929:
3927:
21733:
2982:. Congress struggled with efficiency in the postwar era partly by reducing the number of standing congressional committees. Southern Democrats became a powerful force in many influential committees although political power alternated between Republicans and Democrats during these years. More complex issues required greater specialization and expertise, such as space flight and atomic energy policy. Senator
4642:; any candidate winning the primary will almost always be elected, and these candidates do not need to spend money on advertising. But some races can be competitive when there is no incumbent. If a seat becomes vacant in an open district, then both parties may spend heavily on advertising in these races; in California in 1992, only four of twenty races for House seats were considered highly competitive.
3931:
4766:, have suggested that the population disparity works against residents of large states and causes a steady redistribution of resources from "large states to small states". Others argue that the Connecticut Compromise was deliberately intended by the Founding Fathers to construct the Senate so that each state had equal footing not based on population, and contend that the result works well on balance.
4714:... Still, we are not exaggerating when we say that Congress is essential to American democracy. We would not have survived as a nation without a Congress that represented the diverse interests of our society, conducted a public debate on the major issues, found compromises to resolve conflicts peacefully, and limited the power of our executive, military, and judicial institutions
3928:
2455:
2454:
2451:
4885:, where members of congress or their family members have traded on stocks related to work on their committees. One 2011 study concluded that portfolios of members of congress outperformed both the market and hedge funds, which the authors suggested as evidence of insider trading. Proposed solutions include putting stocks in blind trusts to prevent future insider trading.
4596:. After each ten-year census, states are allocated representatives based on population, and officials in power can choose how to draw the congressional district boundaries to support candidates from their party. As a result, reelection rates of members of Congress hover around 90 percent, causing some critics to call them a privileged class. Academics such as Princeton's
2456:
3272:
2453:
9682:
4778:. Constituents request assistance with problems. Providing services helps members of Congress win votes and elections and can make a difference in close races. Congressional staff can help citizens navigate government bureaucracies. One academic described the complex intertwined relation between lawmakers and constituents as
4638:(when a popular president or party position has the effect of reelecting incumbents who win by "riding on the president's coattails"), although there is some evidence that the coattail effect is irregular and possibly declining since the 1950s. Some districts are so heavily Democratic or Republican that they are called a
3106:, "down-to-the-wire budget and debt crises" and "indiscriminate spending cuts", resulting in slowed economic activity and keeping up to two million people unemployed. There has been increasing public dissatisfaction with Congress, with extremely low approval ratings which dropped to 5% in October 2013.
4105:
The
Congressional Research Service, part of the Library of Congress, provides detailed, up-to-date and non-partisan research for senators, representatives, and their staff to help them carry out their official duties. It provides ideas for legislation, helps members analyze a bill, facilitates public
3747:
be banned from holding office in the future. Impeachment proceedings may not inflict more than this. A convicted party may face criminal penalties in a normal court of law. In the history of the United States, the House of
Representatives has impeached sixteen officials, of whom seven were convicted.
3101:
of media coverage. Others saw pressure to squeeze a political position into a thirty-second soundbite. A report characterized
Congress in 2013 as unproductive, gridlocked, and "setting records for futility". In October 2013, with Congress unable to compromise, the government was shut down for several
2720:
is subject to the powers of state government and national government. To protect against abuse of power, each branch of government – executive, legislative, and judicial – had a separate sphere of authority and could check other branches according to the principle of the
4587:
members of
Congress running for reelection have strong advantages over challengers. They raise more money because donors fund incumbents over challengers, perceiving the former as more likely to win, and donations are vital for winning elections. One critic compared election to Congress to receiving
4534:
and sent to the president for approval. The president may sign it making it law or veto it, perhaps returning it to
Congress with the president's objections. A vetoed bill can still become law if each house of Congress votes to override the veto with a two-thirds majority. Finally, the president may
4494:
The House reserves roll-call votes for the most formal matters, as a roll call of all 435 representatives takes quite some time; normally, members vote by using an electronic device. In the case of a tie, the motion in question fails. Most votes in the House are done electronically, allowing members
3953:
investigate specialized subjects and advise the entire
Congress about choices and trade-offs. The choice of specialty may be influenced by the member's constituency, important regional issues, prior background and experience. Senators often choose a different specialty from that of the other senator
3621:
Each territory and
Washington, D.C., elects a non-voting delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives as they have throughout congressional history. They "possess the same powers as other members of the House, except that they may not vote when the House is meeting as the House of Representatives".
3564:
which permit
Congress to "make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof". Broad interpretations of this clause and of
4628:
issue. Some see money as a good influence in politics since it "enables candidates to communicate with voters". Few members retire from
Congress without complaining about how much it costs to campaign for reelection. Critics contend that members of Congress are more likely to attend to the needs of
4620:
was $ 70,000 but costs have climbed. The biggest expense is television advertisements. Today's races cost more than a million dollars for a House seat, and six million or more for a Senate seat. Since fundraising is vital, "members of
Congress are forced to spend ever-increasing hours raising money
4384:
committee is in charge. Each branch has its own traditions; for example, the Senate relies heavily on the practice of getting "unanimous consent" for noncontroversial matters. House and Senate rules can be complex, sometimes requiring a hundred specific steps before a bill can become a law. Members
3787:
officials, judges, and other high officers "by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate". It confirms most presidential nominees, but rejections are not uncommon. Furthermore, treaties negotiated by the President must be ratified by a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate to take effect. As a
4012:
and this office is usually held by the most senior member of the Senate's majority party and customarily keeps this position until there is a change in party control. Accordingly, the Senate does not necessarily elect a new president pro tempore at the beginning of a new Congress. In the House and
3841:
of 1791 was the first congressional investigation of the executive branch. Investigations are conducted to gather information on the need for future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed, and to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and officials of the
3742:
executive or judicial officials for "Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors". Impeachment is a formal accusation of unlawful activity by a civil officer or government official. The Senate is constitutionally empowered and obligated to try all impeachments. A simple majority in the
3337:
Congress has authority over financial and budgetary policy through the enumerated power to "lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States". There is vast authority over budgets, although analyst Eric
3321:
creates and sets forth the structure and most of the powers of Congress. Sections One through Six describe how Congress is elected and gives each House the power to create its own structure. Section Seven lays out the process for creating laws, and Section Eight enumerates numerous powers. Section
2534:
Congress reflects us in all our strengths and all our weaknesses. It reflects our regional idiosyncrasies, our ethnic, religious, and racial diversity, our multitude of professions, and our shadings of opinion on everything from the value of war to the war over values. Congress is the government's
2525:
asserted that the "historic mission of Congress has been to maintain freedom" and insisted it was a "driving force in American government" and a "remarkably resilient institution". Congress is the "heart and soul of our democracy", according to this view, even though legislators rarely achieve the
2482:
states, "All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives." The House and Senate are equal partners in the legislative process – legislation cannot be enacted without the consent of
4914:
due to their coverage. Others have criticized the wealth of members of Congress. In January 2014, it was reported that for the first time over half of the members of Congress were millionaires. Congress has been criticized for trying to conceal pay raises by slipping them into a large bill at the
4689:
asking people if they approve of the job Congress is doing have, in the last few decades, hovered around 25% with some variation. Scholar Julian Zeliger suggested that the "size, messiness, virtues, and vices that make Congress so interesting also create enormous barriers to our understanding the
4361:
introduction. Joint resolutions are the normal way to propose a constitutional amendment or declare war. On the other hand, concurrent resolutions (passed by both houses) and simple resolutions (passed by only one house) do not have the force of law but express the opinion of Congress or regulate
4337:
Ideas for legislation can come from members, lobbyists, state legislatures, constituents, legislative counsel, or executive agencies. Anyone can write a bill, but only members of Congress may introduce bills. Most bills are not written by Congress members, but originate from the Executive branch;
4968:
privilege allows members of Congress to send official mail to constituents at government expense. Though they are not permitted to send election materials, borderline material is often sent, especially in the run-up to an election by those in close races. Some academics consider free mailings as
4396:
which have jurisdiction over a particular subject such as Agriculture or Appropriations. The House has twenty standing committees; the Senate has sixteen. Standing committees meet at least once each month. Almost all standing committee meetings for transacting business must be open to the public
4221:
speculate that a prolonged period marked by narrow majorities in both chambers of Congress has intensified partisanship in the last few decades, but that an alternation of control of Congress between Democrats and Republicans may lead to greater flexibility in policies, as well as pragmatism and
3829:
on the Supreme Court have argued that if the constitution does not say something explicitly it is unconstitutional to infer what it should, might, or could have said. Judicial review means that the Supreme Court can nullify a congressional law. It is a huge check by the courts on the legislative
3678:
To me the key to understanding it is balance. The founders went to great lengths to balance institutions against each other – balancing powers among the three branches: Congress, the president, and the Supreme Court; between the House of Representatives and the Senate; between the
4409:
session, where committee members debate the bill's merits and may offer amendments or revisions. Committees may also amend the bill, but the full house holds the power to accept or reject committee amendments. After debate, the committee votes whether it wishes to report the measure to the full
2530:; one wrote that "legislators remain ghosts in America's historical imagination." One analyst argues that it is not a solely reactive institution but has played an active role in shaping government policy and is extraordinarily sensitive to public pressure. Several academics described Congress:
4936:
reported in 2009 that lawmaker trips abroad at taxpayer expense had included spas, $ 300-per-night extra unused rooms, and shopping excursions. Some lawmakers responded that "traveling with spouses compensates for being away from them a lot in Washington" and justify the trips as a way to meet
4753:
gave every state, large and small, an equal vote in the Senate. Since each state has two senators, residents of smaller states have more clout in the Senate than residents of larger states. But since 1787, the population disparity between large and small states has grown; in 2006, for example,
3885:
Congress is split into two chambers – House and Senate – and manages the task of writing national legislation by dividing work into separate committees which specialize in different areas. Some members of Congress are elected by their peers to be officers of these
3862:
are the exception); important hearings are widely reported in the mass media and transcripts published a few months afterwards. Congress, in the course of studying possible laws and investigating matters, generates an incredible amount of information in various forms, and can be described as a
3122:
to introduce bills and resolutions, and in recent Congresses they vote in permanent and select committees, in party caucuses and in joint conferences with the Senate. They have Capitol Hill offices, staff and two annual appointments to each of the four military academies. While their votes are
4732:
An additional factor that confounds public perceptions of Congress is that congressional issues are becoming more technical and complex and require expertise in subjects such as science, engineering and economics. As a result, Congress often cedes authority to experts at the executive branch.
4360:
on the Clerk's desk. It is assigned a number and referred to a committee which studies each bill intensely at this stage. Drafting statutes requires "great skill, knowledge, and experience" and sometimes take a year or more. Sometimes lobbyists write legislation and submit it to a member for
4446:
Once a bill is approved by one house, it is sent to the other which may pass, reject, or amend it. For the bill to become law, both houses must agree to identical versions of the bill. If the second house amends the bill, then the differences between the two versions must be reconciled in a
3625:
Washington, D.C., citizens alone among U.S. territories have the right to directly vote for the President of the United States, although the Democratic and Republican political parties nominate their presidential candidates at national conventions which include delegates from the five major
4080:'s private library. One of the library's missions is to serve Congress and its staff as well as the American public. It is the largest library in the world with nearly 150 million items including books, films, maps, photographs, music, manuscripts, graphics, and materials in 470 languages.
4543:
and then the bill becomes law automatically after ten days (not counting Sundays) according to the Constitution. But if Congress is adjourned during this period, presidents may veto legislation passed at the end of a congressional session simply by ignoring it; the maneuver is known as a
9670:
4580:
Senators face reelection every six years, and representatives every two. Reelections encourage candidates to focus their publicity efforts at their home states or districts. Running for reelection can be a grueling process of distant travel and fund-raising which distracts senators and
3338:
Patashnik suggested that much of Congress's power to manage the budget has been lost when the welfare state expanded since "entitlements were institutionally detached from Congress's ordinary legislative routine and rhythm." Another factor leading to less control over the budget was a
3948:
The committee structure permits members of Congress to study a particular subject intensely. It is neither expected nor possible that a member be an expert on all subject areas before Congress. As time goes by, members develop expertise in particular subjects and their legal aspects.
6825:...two decades of unbroken Democratic Senate control from 1961 to 1980 ... Neither side lately has consistently reached the heights that Democrats did while they held unbroken control of the lower chamber from 1955 through 1994 when the party routinely won 250 seats or more.
5039:. Each member has the power to cite people for contempt but can only issue a contempt citation – the judicial system pursues the matter like a normal criminal case. If convicted in court of contempt of Congress, a person may be imprisoned for up to one year.
4481:
Voting within Congress can take many forms, including systems using lights and bells and electronic voting. Both houses use voice voting to decide most matters in which members shout "aye" or "no" and the presiding officer announces the result. The Constitution requires a
8613:
Sec. 9. (l). "The 'United States' when used in a geographical sense, means the fifty states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands, and associated territorial waters and
11135:
5017:. The rules of the House strictly guard this privilege; a member may not waive the privilege on their own but must seek the permission of the whole house to do so. Senate rules are less strict and permit individual senators to waive the privilege as they choose.
6480:
2518:, the Congress has started and ended at noon on the third day of January of every odd-numbered year. Members of the Senate are referred to as senators; members of the House of Representatives are referred to as representatives, congressmen, or congresswomen.
3926:
3102:
weeks and risked a serious default on debt payments, causing 60% of the public to say they would "fire every member of Congress" including their own representative. One report suggested Congress posed the "biggest risk to the U.S. economy" because of its
3694:
The influence of Congress on the presidency has varied from period to period depending on factors such as congressional leadership, presidential political influence, historical circumstances such as war, and individual initiative by members of Congress.
4434:
which is a simple resolution specifying the particulars of debate – time limits, possibility of further amendments, and such. Each side has equal time and members can yield to other members who wish to speak. Sometimes opponents seek to
4443:, usually half of the total number of representatives, before discussion can begin, although there are exceptions. The house may debate and amend the bill; the precise procedures used by the House and Senate differ. A final vote on the bill follows.
3479:, although others respond that Congress did investigate the legality of presidential decisions. Political scientists Ornstein and Mann suggested that oversight functions do not help members of Congress win reelection. Congress also has the exclusive
3866:
Congress also plays a role in presidential elections. Both Houses meet in joint session on the sixth day of January following a presidential election to count the electoral votes, and there are procedures to follow if no candidate wins a majority.
2590:
The Congress of the United States serves two distinct purposes that overlap: local representation to the federal government of a congressional district by representatives and a state's at-large representation to the federal government by senators.
3041:
contributions. One source suggests post-Watergate laws amended in 1974 meant to reduce the "influence of wealthy contributors and end payoffs" instead "legitimized PACs" since they "enabled individuals to band together in support of candidates".
14206:
3870:
The main result of congressional activity is the creation of laws, most of which are contained in the United States Code, arranged by subject matter alphabetically under fifty title headings to present the laws "in a concise and usable form".
12738:
4491:, in which a clerk calls out the names of all the senators, each senator stating "aye" or "no" when their name is announced. In the Senate, the Vice President may cast the tie-breaking vote if present when the senators are equally divided.
12748:
3617:
rests with Congress. The republican form of government in territories is devolved by congressional statute to the respective territories including direct election of governors, the D.C. mayor and locally elective territorial legislatures.
3444:, and "make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof".
2452:
3894:
to help provide it with information, and members of Congress have staff and offices to assist them as well. In addition, a vast industry of lobbyists helps members write legislation on behalf of diverse corporate and labor interests.
3792:, urged her former senate colleagues to approve a nuclear arms treaty with Russia in 2010. The House of Representatives has no formal role in either the ratification of treaties or the appointment of federal officials, other than in
3005:
had a powerful effect of waking up a somewhat dormant Congress which investigated presidential wrongdoing and coverups; the scandal "substantially reshaped" relations between the branches of government, suggested political scientist
4702:... it is rich in resources" and that most members behave ethically. They contend that "Congress is easy to dislike and often difficult to defend" and this perception is exacerbated because many challengers running for Congress run
4740:
has reported Congress's approval rating among Americans at 10% or below three times. Public opinion of Congress plummeted further to 5% in October 2013 after parts of the U.S. government deemed 'nonessential government' shut down.
11743:
10298:
9367:
8824:
8787:
7326:
6918:
6338:
5630:
5526:
4418:
with a new number. Both houses have procedures under which committees can be bypassed or overruled but they are rarely used. Generally, members who have been in Congress longer have greater seniority and therefore greater power.
4294:
in 1913. Joint Sessions and Joint Meetings are traditionally presided over by the speaker of the House, except when counting presidential electoral votes when the vice president (acting as the president of the Senate) presides.
7546:
4929:
Members of Congress make fact-finding missions to learn about other countries and stay informed, but these outings can cause controversy if the trip is deemed excessive or unconnected with the task of governing. For example,
12733:
2969:
rather initiated by Congress. President Roosevelt pushed his agenda in Congress by detailing Executive Branch staff to friendly Senate committees (a practice that ended with the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946). The
5214:
Angus King of Maine, who cruised to victory last week running as an independent, said Wednesday that he will caucus with Senate Democrats. The Senate's other independent, Bernie Sanders of Vermont, also caucuses with the
6443:
13140:
11127:
3032:
contributions. While soft money funds were not given to specific campaigns for candidates, the money often benefited candidates substantially in an indirect way and helped reelect candidates. Reforms such as the 2002
3386:
has usurped Congress's constitutionally defined task of declaring war. While historically presidents initiated the process for going to war, they asked for and received formal war declarations from Congress for the
4255:
3 each year unless Congress decides differently. The Constitution requires Congress to meet at least once each year and forbids either house from meeting outside the Capitol without the consent of the other house.
3809:, holding that Congress could not grant unconstitutional power to the Court itself. The Constitution did not explicitly state that the courts may exercise judicial review. The notion that courts could declare laws
4345:
Joint resolutions. There is little difference between a bill and a joint resolution since both are treated similarly; a joint resolution originating from the House, for example, begins "H.J.Res." followed by its
4106:
hearings, makes reports, consults on matters such as parliamentary procedure, and helps the two chambers resolve disagreements. It has been called the "House's think tank" and has a staff of about 900 employees.
3743:
House is required to impeach an official; a two-thirds majority in the Senate is required for conviction. A convicted official is automatically removed from office; in addition, the Senate may stipulate that the
4486:
if demanded by one-fifth of the members present or when voting to override a presidential veto. If the voice vote is unclear or if the matter is controversial, a recorded vote usually happens. The Senate uses
8241:
9450:
4177:
bills. In 2007, there were approximately 17,000 federal lobbyists in Washington, D.C. They explain to legislators the goals of their organizations. Some lobbyists represent non-profit organizations and work
11547:
3165:
Women candidates began making substantial inroads in the later 20th century, due in part to new political support mechanisms and public awareness of their underrepresentation in Congress. Recruitment and
5201:
3679:
federal government and the states; among states of different sizes and regions with different interests; between the powers of government and the rights of citizens, as spelled out in the Bill of Rights
3512:, have described this practice as against the spirit of the Constitution. There have been concerns that presidential authority to cope with financial crises is eclipsing the power of Congress. In 2008,
3491:
are one way in which a president can "tip the balance of power between Congress and the White House a little more in favor of the executive branch", according to one account. Past presidents, including
2692:
over most decisions. Congress had executive but not legislative authority, and the federal judiciary was confined to admiralty and lacked authority to collect taxes, regulate commerce, or enforce laws.
14211:
3970:
process, can introduce bills to the House floor and effectively bypass committee input, they are exceedingly difficult to implement without committee action. Committees have power and have been called
3793:
3010:. Partisanship returned, particularly after 1994; one analyst attributes partisan infighting to slim congressional majorities which discouraged friendly social gatherings in meeting rooms such as the
14309:
13793:
5262:
2388:, so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election. Each state, regardless of population or size, has two senators, so currently, there are 100 senators for the 50 states.
3367:
with foreign nations and among the states, and coin money. Generally, the Senate and the House of Representatives have equal legislative authority, although only the House may originate revenue and
13346:
13341:
13336:
8716:
7579:
4365:. Bills may be introduced by any member of either house. The Constitution states: "All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives." While the Senate cannot originate
3115:
2938:
expanded congressional power to regulate the economy. One effect of popular election of senators was to reduce the difference between the House and Senate in terms of their link to the electorate.
13318:
12728:
2994:
narrowly won the presidency and power shifted again to the Democrats who dominated both chambers of Congress from 1961 to 1980, and retained a consistent majority in the House from 1955 to 1994.
6096:"I see by a paper of last evening that even in New York a meeting of the people has taken place, at the instance of the Republican Party, and that a committee is appointed for the like purpose."
18211:
13943:
13135:
4467:
which discourages members from considering acts that increase budget deficits. If both houses agree to the version reported by the conference committee, the bill passes, otherwise it fails.
18931:
16640:
13351:
12706:
12607:
5235:
5434:
16602:
12723:
2847:
in which influential lobbies advocated for railroad subsidies and tariffs on wool. Immigration and high birth rates swelled the ranks of citizens and the nation grew at a rapid pace. The
3622:
They are assigned offices and allowances for staff, participate in debate, and appoint constituents to the four military service academies for the Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard.
3353:
without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration. The Constitution also grants Congress the exclusive power to appropriate funds, and this
19423:
14618:
13157:
12612:
12402:
4949:
3360:
4736:
Since 2006, Congress has dropped ten points in the Gallup confidence poll with only nine percent having "a great deal" or "quite a lot" of confidence in their legislators. Since 2011,
13358:
13328:
7245:
7080:"PAC Paranoia: Congress Faces Campaign Spending – Politics: Hysteria was the operative word when legislators realized they could not return home without tougher campaign finance laws"
6108:"The republican party, who wish to preserve the government in its present form, are fewer in number. They are fewer even when joined by the two, three, or half dozen anti-federalists.
5088:
4581:
representatives from paying attention to governing, according to some critics. Although others respond that the process is necessary to keep members of Congress in touch with voters.
3068:
From 1970 to 2009, the House expanded delegates, along with their powers and privileges representing U.S. citizens in non-state areas, beginning with representation on committees for
8877:
4808:
Power in the chamber: Lawmakers who spend serious time along the "rail of the House floor or in the Senate cloakroom ministering to the needs of their colleagues". Famous legislator
16546:
5024:
of the Constitution that "for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place." Accordingly, a member of Congress may not be sued in court for
4874:". Family members of active legislators have also been hired by lobbying firms, which while not allowed to lobby their family member, has drawn criticism as a conflict of interest.
4045:
3703:
made the presidency less powerful than Congress for a considerable period afterwards. The 20th and 21st centuries have seen the rise of presidential power under politicians such as
3217:, and the elimination of race-based immigration laws in the 1960s opened the possibility for Black, Asian American, Latina and other non-white women candidates to run for Congress.
3073:
2426:
11729:
10284:
9351:
8810:
8773:
7312:
6904:
6324:
5616:
5512:
16513:
12622:
5374:
Congress is composed of 541 individuals from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, and Puerto Rico.
3588:
2330:
826:
396:
10542:
4710:
The rough-and-tumble world of legislating is not orderly and civil, human frailties too often taint its membership, and legislative outcomes are often frustrating and ineffective
3954:
from their state to prevent overlap. Some committees specialize in running the business of other committees and exert a powerful influence over all legislation; for example, the
17691:
16552:
13830:
13323:
5005:
applies to members during sessions and when traveling to and from sessions. The term "arrest" has been interpreted broadly, and includes any detention or delay in the course of
3124:
3091:
suggested that greater publicity undermined the power of political parties and caused "more roads to open up in Congress for individual representatives to influence decisions".
1089:
13232:
12400:
3978:
which gather information, evaluate alternatives, and identify problems. They propose solutions for consideration by the full chamber. In addition, they perform the function of
19296:
16800:
14802:
14366:
13368:
13020:
3855:
9900:"Column One – TV Blitz Fueled by a Fortune – Once obscure, Huffington now is pressing Feinstein. His well-financed rapid-response team has mounted an unprecedented ad attack"
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5692:
4013:
Senate, the actual presiding officer is generally a junior member of the majority party who is appointed so that new members become acquainted with the rules of the chamber.
16536:
14597:
14351:
13546:
12675:
11067:
5486:
5058:
2645:
11438:"An $ 84,000 trip to Qatar and a $ 41,000 retreat in Miami: Members of Congress are going on expensive travels paid for by private groups where some bring their loved ones"
7494:
3635:
11237:
7407:
6101:
21892:
19013:
16764:
16321:
16202:
14361:
13152:
13027:
4888:
Some members of congress have gone on lavish trips paid for by outside groups, sometimes bringing family members, which are often legal even if in an ethical gray area.
3524:
The Constitution enumerates the powers of Congress in detail. In addition, other congressional powers have been granted, or confirmed, by constitutional amendments. The
3483:, allowing impeachment and removal of the president, federal judges and other federal officers. There have been charges that presidents acting under the doctrine of the
1998:
803:
792:
349:
8326:
4338:
interest groups often draft bills as well. The usual next step is for the proposal to be passed to a committee for review. A proposal is usually in one of these forms:
19018:
16457:
16134:
15998:
12948:
12743:
11482:
9932:
6089:
4941:
2272:
10225:
9882:
8532:
5666:
4694:... Unlike the presidency, Congress is difficult to conceptualize." Other scholars suggest that despite the criticism, "Congress is a remarkably resilient institution
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19113:
18453:
18323:
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publisher. Indeed, it publishes House and Senate reports and maintains databases which are updated irregularly with publications in a variety of electronic formats.
3688:
2851:
was characterized by strong party leadership in both houses of Congress and calls for reform; sometimes reformers said lobbyists corrupted politics. The position of
2026:
7348:
4270:
Joint sessions of the United States Congress occur on special occasions that require a concurrent resolution from House and Senate. These sessions include counting
2704:
Congress. Smaller states argued for equal representation for each state. The two-chamber structure had functioned well in state governments. A compromise plan, the
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of Johnson, Clinton, and the 2019 trial of Trump all ended in acquittal; in Johnson's case, the Senate fell one vote short of the two-thirds majority required for
3728:
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charged that Congress was not doing an adequate job of oversight in this case. There have been concerns about congressional oversight of executive actions such as
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Bills are laws in the making. A House-originated bill begins with the letters "H.R." for "House of Representatives", followed by a number kept as it progresses.
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19190:
18958:
18792:
18448:
16579:
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16355:
16054:
16032:
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13186:
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12809:
12804:
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12764:
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9546:
8558:
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2398:. for seven years for the House and nine years for the Senate, and be an inhabitant of the state which they represent. Members in both chambers may stand for
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authority and limits congressional power substantially. In 1857, for example, the Supreme Court struck down provisions of a congressional act of 1820 in its
3533:
3508:, have made public statements when signing congressional legislation about how they understand a bill or plan to execute it, and commentators, including the
3429:
wrote that "Congress's war power has become the most flagrantly disregarded provision in the Constitution," and that the "real erosion began after World War
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II." Disagreement about the extent of congressional versus presidential power regarding war has been present periodically throughout the nation's history.
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in its legislative function. Although not legally mandated, in practice since the 19th century, Congress members are typically affiliated with one of the
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in the office of the vice president; in such a case, a majority vote in each House is required to confirm a president's nomination of a vice president.
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because of remarks made in either house, although each house has its own rules restricting offensive speeches, and may punish members who transgress.
4397:
unless the committee votes, publicly, to close the meeting. A committee might call for public hearings on important bills. Each committee is led by a
4349:
Concurrent Resolutions affect only the House and Senate and accordingly are not presented to the president. In the House, they begin with "H.Con.Res."
3425:
magazine in 1970, "U.S. presidents ordered troops into position or action without a formal congressional declaration a total of 149 times." In 1993,
3158:
forestalled opportunities to run for and hold public office. The two party system and the lack of term limits favored incumbent white men, making the
2501:
cases, while the Senate decides impeachment cases. A two-thirds vote of the Senate is required before an impeached person can be removed from office.
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that a chief problem with Congress was that members focused on their future careers as lobbyists after serving – that Congress was a "
4001:
2915:
A system of seniority, in which long-time members of Congress gained more and more power, encouraged politicians of both parties to seek long terms.
854:
280:
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was marked by partisanship, as is the case today. It is generally easier for committees to reach accord on issues when compromise is possible. Some
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20754:
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million along with concern over PAC influence in Congress. In 2009, there were 4,600 business, labor and special-interest PACs including ones for
2433:
affiliated with no party. In the case of the latter, the lack of affiliation with a political party does not mean that such members are unable to
21597:
19793:
19753:
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Racially polarized voting, racial stereotypes and lack of institutional support still prevent women of color from reaching Congress as easily as
3058:
2712:(benefiting larger states) and exactly two senators chosen by state governments (benefiting smaller states). The ratified constitution created a
2150:
1046:
11577:
10826:
10737:
9582:
8494:"To Make the Militia a National Force: The Power of Congress Under the Constitution "for Organizing, Arming, and Disciplining" the State Troops"
7053:
3322:
Nine is a list of powers Congress does not have, and Section Ten enumerates powers of the state, some of which may only be granted by Congress.
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18519:
18006:
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12992:
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7454:... saying if they had the chance to vote to defeat and replace every single member of Congress, including their own representative, they would
7110:
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6595:
3463:
and is facilitated by Congress's subpoena power. Some critics have charged that Congress has in some instances failed to do an adequate job of
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1510:
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among the three branches of the federal government. Its authors expected the greater power to lie with Congress as described in Article One.
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1435:
956:
818:
17:
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11599:
Scott, Walter (April 25, 2010). "Personality Parade column:Q. Does Congress pay for its own health care?". New York, NY: Parade. p. 2.
8396:
3119:
2610:
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1801:
1642:
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11112:., pp. 48–49, notes that members will also regularly appear at local events in their home district, and will maintain offices in the home
9507:
8873:
20557:
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and other forms of structural racism made it virtually impossible for women of color to reach Congress prior to 1965. The passage of the
2890:
1945:
1657:
1079:
12286:
12091:
11943:
11437:
11264:
8665:
5984:
5781:
4749:
When the Constitution was ratified in 1787, the ratio of the populations of large states to small states was roughly twelve to one. The
4608:; while these are not intended for electioneering, this rule is often skirted by borderline election-related mailings during campaigns.
4139:. It helps Congress estimate revenue inflows from taxes and helps the budgeting process. It makes projections about such matters as the
3162:– in which a woman temporarily took over a seat vacated by the death of her husband – the most common path to Congress for white women.
3095:
suggested that media prominence led to a greater emphasis on the negative and sensational side of Congress, and referred to this as the
21344:
20383:
19898:
19893:
19883:
19256:
18985:
18233:
16280:
16127:
15923:
15838:
15685:
14449:
14147:
13788:
13227:
11670:
10534:
10115:"Radio, Radio – New Democratic ads attacking House Republicans in the lead-up to the 2010 midterm elections don't tell the whole story"
8938:
6167:
5068:
4882:
4376:
Each chamber determines its own internal rules of operation unless specified in the Constitution or prescribed by law. In the House, a
3846:
people to testify when investigating issues over which it has the power to legislate. Witnesses who refuse to testify may be cited for
3130:
On January 6, 2021, the Congress gathered to confirm the election of Joe Biden, when supporters of the outgoing president Donald Trump
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votes, recent Congresses have not allowed for that, and they cannot vote when the House is meeting as the House of Representatives.
2843:
dominance of Congress. During this time, lobbying activity became more intense, particularly during the administration of President
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20599:
20395:
19888:
19376:
19316:
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of the minority party. Witnesses and experts can present their case for or against a bill. Then, a bill may go to what is called a
4231:
3975:
3739:
3480:
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2329:, as President of the Senate, has a vote in the Senate only when casting a tie-breaking vote. The House of Representatives has six
2110:
1700:
1555:
11071:
10657:
10333:
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in 1970. In 1971, a delegate for the District of Columbia was authorized, and in 1972 new delegate positions were established for
2394:
requires that members of Congress must be at least 25 years old for the House and at least 30 years old for the U.S. Senate, be a
2352:
established that there be 435 representatives, and the Uniform Congressional Redistricting Act requires that they be elected from
21192:
20927:
20505:
20478:
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10788:"Presidential Power to the People – Author Dana D. Nelson on why democracy demands that the next president be taken down a notch"
9153:
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7872:
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then it is rejected. If amendments are extensive, sometimes a new bill with amendments built in will be submitted as a so-called
3880:
3054:
2965:'s election in 1932 marked a shift in government power towards the executive branch. Numerous New Deal initiatives came from the
2294:
1968:
1691:
704:
2974:
controlled both houses of Congress for many years. During this time, Republicans and conservative southern Democrats formed the
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who does not normally preside over debates but serves as the majority party's leader. In the Senate, the vice president is the
3788:
result, presidential arm-twisting of senators can happen before a key vote; for example, President Obama's secretary of state,
3210:
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12136:"HISTORY – The Framers' Real Motives (book review) Unruly Americans and the Origins of the Constitution book by Woody Holton"
11223:
9334:
8750:
8627:
8334:
7712:
6134:
5735:"History – The Framers' Real Motives (book review) Unruly Americans and the Origins of the Constitution book by Woody Holton"
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4676:
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continue to change, the internal structure of Congress is important to understand along with its interactions with so-called
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of the Senate, House, and Presidency. Since 1980, the Democrats have held the Presidency for four terms, but because of the
42:
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Lobbyists represent diverse interests and often seek to influence congressional decisions to reflect their clients' needs.
3649:
3441:
3261:
3224:. Senate elections, which require victories in statewide electorates, have been particularly difficult for women of color.
3069:
2815:
2391:
2010:
1814:
814:
7517:
6086:
4515:
and can change their votes during the last five minutes if they choose; in addition, paper ballots are used occasionally (
3738:
The Constitution concentrates removal powers in the Congress by empowering and obligating the House of Representatives to
2762:
jostled for power in the early years as political parties became pronounced. With the passage of the Constitution and the
2539:... Congress is essentially charged with reconciling our many points of view on the great public policy issues of the day.
2135:
21721:
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4155:. The speaker of the House and the Senate's president pro tempore jointly appoint the CBO director for a four-year term.
3834:
decision. At the same time, the Supreme Court can extend congressional power through its constitutional interpretations.
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reduced the power of defeated and retiring members of Congress to wield influence despite their lack of accountability.
89:
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such as "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled
4152:
3199:
3150:
Various social and structural barriers have prevented women from gaining seats in Congress. In the early 20th century,
2931:
2912:
By the beginning of the 20th century, party structures and leadership emerged as key organizers of Senate proceedings.
2811:
2180:
2084:
2046:
1872:
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1627:
1622:
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1147:
990:
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3575:, have effectively widened the scope of Congress's legislative authority far beyond that prescribed in Section Eight.
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20277:
20237:
20101:
20091:
19968:
19943:
19850:
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19308:
19098:
18824:
18206:
17762:
17451:
17415:
17284:
17236:
17156:
17092:
17012:
16980:
16948:
16790:
14893:
14611:
14465:
14221:
13708:
13217:
13167:
12670:
12305:
12214:
12191:
12170:
12085:
12064:
12020:
12000:
11977:
11737:
11231:
11038:
10916:
10887:
10292:
9361:
9284:
9239:
9137:
8818:
8781:
7740:
7320:
7283:
6912:
6846:
6369:
6332:
6250:
6203:
The People's Lobby: Organizational Innovation and the Rise of Interest-Group Politics in the United States, 1890–1925
6059:
5916:
5624:
5562:
5520:
5480:
5328:
5284:
4706:
Congress, which is an "old form of American politics" that further undermines Congress's reputation with the public:
4662:
3660:
2654:
2155:
1993:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1760:
1735:
1696:
1587:
1530:
1495:
1210:
712:
661:
130:
12970:
10200:
8554:
4944:, changes to congressional pay may not take effect before the next election to the House of the Representatives. In
4802:
Reelection: These are lawmakers who "never met a voter they didn't like" and provide excellent constituent services.
4333:
with committee members sitting in the tiers of raised chairs and those testifying and audience members sitting below
4040:
The Library of Congress was established by an act of Congress in 1800. It is primarily housed in three buildings on
21790:
21602:
21509:
21127:
21122:
20932:
20594:
20540:
20525:
20427:
20262:
19738:
19691:
19686:
19588:
19515:
19215:
18980:
18509:
17675:
17643:
17595:
17300:
17108:
17044:
17028:
16932:
16900:
14916:
14765:
14740:
14479:
14278:
14098:
13911:
12655:
11895:"How To Clean Up The Mess From Inside The System, A Plea – And A Plan – To Reform Campaign Finance Before It's Too"
10139:
9264:
5073:
4474:) be present before doing business in each house. The rules of each house assume that a quorum is present unless a
4389:
3887:
3584:
3062:
2971:
2422:
2418:
2395:
1806:
1791:
1767:
1682:
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1482:
1477:
516:
498:
461:
432:
360:
337:
314:
291:
265:
12106:
9995:
9640:"5 keys to who will control Congress: How immigration, gas, Medicare, Iraq and scandal could affect midterm races"
8645:
8201:"Presidential Authority to Conduct Warrantless Electronic Surveillance to Gather Foreign Intelligence Information"
8200:
7557:
2483:
both chambers. The Constitution grants each chamber some unique powers. The Senate ratifies treaties and approves
21902:
21295:
20942:
20628:
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20358:
20267:
20158:
20133:
19630:
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19185:
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19041:
19025:
18871:
18866:
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18600:
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17738:
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17399:
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17060:
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14497:
14486:
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13032:
12567:
12503:
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4923:
2041:
1819:
1670:
1612:
1567:
1395:
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98:
11317:
10787:
10712:
10396:
8681:"The very structure of the Constitution gives us profound insights about what the founders thought was important
2639:
21907:
21379:
21318:
21313:
20829:
20774:
20734:
20611:
20285:
20232:
20148:
20138:
20106:
20035:
20023:
19978:
19865:
19763:
19625:
19545:
19535:
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18839:
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18467:
17965:
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17188:
17076:
14724:
14705:
14688:
14402:
14390:
14273:
14201:
11922:
11637:
11620:
9187:
5761:
5356:
4826:
4388:
Each bill goes through several stages in each house including consideration by a committee and advice from the
4373:, it has the power to amend or reject them. Congress has sought ways to establish appropriate spending levels.
4099:
4089:
3974:. Legislative, oversight, and internal administrative tasks are divided among about two hundred committees and
3955:
3034:
2484:
2341:
2221:
2077:
1637:
1632:
1132:
1112:
935:
901:
11805:
9745:
4812:
in the mid-19th century was described as an "issue entrepreneur" who looked for issues to serve his ambitions.
21549:
21494:
21479:
21434:
21107:
20814:
20363:
20227:
20143:
20074:
20045:
19983:
19873:
19845:
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18861:
18754:
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17579:
17495:
17479:
17435:
17124:
14770:
14625:
14554:
14068:
13768:
13526:
13452:
13207:
13162:
12474:
10018:
9538:
8177:
6941:
4377:
4201:
Congress has alternated between periods of constructive cooperation and compromise between parties, known as
4164:
3748:
Another resigned before the Senate could complete the trial. Only three presidents have ever been impeached:
3696:
3379:
3288:
3019:
3015:
2681:
2510:
can also refer to a particular meeting of the legislature. A Congress covers two years; the current one, the
2410:
2246:
2175:
1617:
1602:
1320:
725:
680:
231:
12225:
9779:
8685:... the Founders thought that the Legislative Branch was going to be the great branch of government." —Hon.
7404:
4576:
In this example, the more even distribution is on the left and the gerrymandering is presented on the right.
21582:
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20651:
20584:
20447:
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19878:
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19344:
19291:
19224:
19081:
19037:
18965:
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18216:
18024:
17623:
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16960:
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15587:
15582:
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15536:
15531:
15526:
15521:
15516:
15511:
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14750:
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14632:
14575:
14324:
14185:
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13736:
13536:
13531:
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12561:
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4381:
4191:
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2803:
2763:
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2373:
2345:
1059:
951:
155:
63:
12965:
11508:
10754:
9957:
9849:
9300:
7422:... Down-to-the-wire budget and debt crises, indiscriminate spending cuts and a 16-day government shutdown
6216:"Party in Power – Congress and Presidency – A Visual Guide to the Balance of Power in Congress, 1945–2008"
21544:
21444:
21404:
21221:
21132:
21067:
20867:
20799:
20794:
20759:
20579:
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20247:
20170:
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19773:
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19696:
19331:
19286:
19093:
18975:
18829:
17611:
17463:
17355:
17335:
17216:
17204:
17168:
15480:
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15455:
15450:
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15409:
15404:
15399:
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15368:
15363:
15358:
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15348:
15343:
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15328:
15317:
15312:
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15302:
15297:
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15282:
15277:
15272:
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15256:
15251:
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15231:
15226:
15221:
15216:
15205:
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15185:
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15149:
15144:
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15134:
15129:
15124:
15119:
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15109:
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15093:
15088:
15083:
15078:
15073:
15068:
15063:
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15053:
15048:
15037:
15032:
15027:
15022:
15017:
15012:
15007:
15002:
14997:
14992:
14981:
14710:
14535:
14419:
14132:
13457:
13179:
13042:
12035:
11717:
Simpson, G. R. (October 22, 1992). "Surprise! Top Frankers Also Have the Stiffest Challenges". Roll Call.
11638:"Congress Travels More, Public Pays: Lawmakers Ramp Up Taxpayer-Financed Journeys; Five Days in Scotland"
11004:"Our Undemocratic Constitution: Where the Constitution Goes Wrong (And How We the People can Correct It)"
10587:
10562:
10449:
9899:
9639:
6267:
4867:
4121:
4115:
4032:
3561:
3452:
3331:
3138:
supporters occupied Congress until D.C police evacuated the area. The event was the first time since the
2783:
2669:
2380:
results, provided that each state has at least one congressional representative. Each senator is elected
2349:
2145:
2031:
1892:
1706:
1490:
1415:
1360:
1325:
10684:
10509:
10078:
6219:
21671:
21499:
21469:
21414:
21394:
21097:
20912:
20882:
20749:
20483:
20353:
20185:
20165:
20153:
19963:
19953:
19635:
19540:
19153:
19143:
18670:
18665:
18655:
18650:
18172:
17543:
17383:
14976:
14971:
14966:
14961:
14956:
14951:
14946:
14941:
14936:
14755:
14540:
13467:
13128:
7652:
7175:
7079:
5822:
5157:
do not caucus with the Democrats, but are "formally aligned with the Democrats for committee purposes".
4845:
4557:
3303:
3179:
3065:. From 2007 to 2008, 175 members of Congress received "half or more of their campaign cash" from PACs.
3023:
2661:
1400:
1305:
21824:
11007:
10818:
3536:(1870) gave Congress authority to enact legislation to enforce rights of African Americans, including
3205:
Women of color faced additional challenges that made their ascension to Congress even more difficult.
21519:
21474:
21384:
21087:
20987:
20967:
20862:
20809:
20062:
19368:
19173:
19168:
18730:
18184:
17639:
17607:
17487:
17280:
17200:
17152:
17088:
17008:
16976:
16964:
16944:
16928:
14817:
14530:
14434:
12436:
11569:
10729:
10630:
9574:
7144:
7045:
5823:"James Madison and the Federal Constitutional Convention of 1787 – Engendering a National Government"
4837:
3777:
3411:'s military move into Panama in 1903 did not get congressional approval. In the early days after the
3214:
2897:, have only been able to freely legislate in two years. The Republicans have been similarly disabled.
2767:
2677:
1365:
1355:
1350:
1330:
271:
38:
21773:
12107:
Huckabee, David C. – Analyst in American National Government – Government Division (March 8, 1995).
11030:
10056:
8024:
7963:
7118:
6756:
6603:
4926:(CSRS) was $ 75,528, while those who retired under FERS, or in combination with CSRS, was $ 41,208.
4076:, but the library's collections were restored and expanded when Congress authorized the purchase of
21200:
21027:
21007:
20175:
19555:
19525:
19520:
19510:
19276:
19232:
19073:
18834:
18620:
18484:
18298:
18238:
17659:
17591:
17527:
17272:
17104:
17056:
17040:
17000:
16912:
15610:
14673:
14110:
12960:
8899:
5138:
3614:
3509:
3396:
3392:
3323:
2430:
2348:. The members of the House of Representatives are elected for the two-year term of a Congress. The
2322:
1430:
1280:
1195:
720:
108:
11509:"A Petition to Remove Health Care Subsidies From Members of Congress Has Nearly 500000 Signatures"
10492:
10426:
9717:
9428:
8054:
7994:
7937:
7900:
6983:
6882:
6786:
6726:
6693:
6663:
6633:
6573:
6540:
6510:
6407:
6241:
Davidson, Roger H.; Oleszek, Walter J.; Lee, Frances E.; Schickler, Eric; Curry, James M. (2022).
5882:
4718:... The popularity of Congress ebbs and flows with the public's confidence in government generally
3516:
called the Capitol building a "tomb for the antiquated idea that the legislative branch matters".
3487:
have assumed important legislative and budgetary powers that should belong to Congress. So-called
2729:
the legislature since there were two separate chambers. The new government became active in 1789.
21642:
21617:
21057:
20739:
19669:
19405:
19163:
18130:
17631:
17387:
17264:
16968:
14872:
14660:
14604:
14414:
14024:
13855:
13713:
13703:
13493:
13420:
13037:
7811:
7780:
5021:
4978:
4932:
4791:
4402:
4362:
4206:
3476:
3464:
3456:
3240:
2923:
2697:
2216:
2170:
1315:
1310:
1185:
94:
9671:"Toward a more democratic Congress? Our imperfect democratic constitution: the critics examined"
8388:
4352:
Simple resolutions concern only the House or only the Senate and begin with "H.Res." or "S.Res."
104:
21756:
21389:
21254:
21239:
21142:
21022:
20947:
20907:
20902:
20872:
20804:
20784:
20667:
20121:
19471:
19281:
19261:
19063:
18713:
18660:
18645:
18489:
18177:
17575:
17367:
17351:
17176:
14885:
14646:
14564:
14407:
12115:
11113:
9515:
9276:
8198:
5552:
5053:
5002:
4982:
4805:
Good public policy: Legislators who "burnish a reputation for policy expertise and leadership".
4750:
4283:
2975:
2736:
suggested there were four main congressional eras, with considerable overlap, and included the
2705:
2606:
2544:
2527:
2353:
2241:
1796:
1405:
1370:
1275:
1250:
21329:
16618:
12370:
11260:
5318:
3186:
began recruiting, training and funding women candidates. Watershed political moments like the
21592:
21489:
21484:
21464:
21459:
21216:
21167:
21077:
21042:
21032:
21017:
20992:
20962:
20897:
20852:
20789:
20320:
20003:
19118:
18675:
18640:
18635:
18578:
18561:
18291:
17754:
17715:
17655:
17519:
17431:
17407:
17391:
17248:
17120:
14512:
13728:
13655:
13568:
13563:
13072:
12075:
11939:
11918:
11859:
10079:"Decision '92 – Special Voters' Guide to State and Local Elections – The Congressional Races"
8662:
5976:
5777:
5757:
5078:
4681:
4667:
4422:
A bill which reaches the floor of the full house can be simple or complex and begins with an
4065:
3838:
3732:
3712:
3645:
3159:
3139:
2962:
2310:
1390:
1340:
1295:
1285:
1270:
1260:
1245:
1225:
1200:
1190:
1180:
1037:
625:
67:
21607:
9268:
8930:
7702:
6151:
2824:
in 1803, effectively giving the Supreme Court a power to nullify congressional legislation.
692:
21685:
21504:
21419:
21409:
21092:
21082:
21072:
21062:
21002:
20917:
20887:
20764:
20672:
19800:
19674:
19565:
18943:
18375:
18355:
18303:
18253:
18194:
18125:
17647:
17447:
17343:
17312:
17232:
17224:
17048:
16876:
14716:
14472:
14329:
14120:
14030:
13967:
13901:
13850:
13425:
13089:
12542:
12432:
11855:
5036:
4953:
4686:
4651:
4632:
Elections are influenced by many variables. Some political scientists speculate there is a
4061:
3847:
3664:
3570:
3548:
under the law. Generally militia forces are controlled by state governments, not Congress.
3171:
2939:
2860:
2856:
2722:
2325:'s appointment. Congress has 535 voting members: 100 senators and 435 representatives. The
2306:
1913:
1410:
1385:
1290:
1230:
1205:
1175:
1165:
835:
581:
549:
443:
416:
193:
11940:"Federalist No. 15 – The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union"
11344:"These 97 Members of Congress Reported Trades in Companies Influenced by Their Committees"
7543:
5778:"Federalist No. 15 – The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union"
4459:
to limit budget bills. Both houses use a budget enforcement mechanism informally known as
2599:
8:
21568:
21162:
21152:
21012:
20957:
20779:
20769:
20744:
20212:
20128:
19938:
19654:
19339:
18970:
18167:
17723:
17707:
17671:
17535:
17503:
17471:
17423:
17296:
17024:
16920:
16896:
14822:
14429:
14380:
14142:
14093:
13778:
13645:
12080:. Hauppauge, New York: Novinka Books, an imprint of Nova Science Publishers. p. 21.
11609:
9205:
9029:
8689:
4994:
4671:, which argued in favor of a strong connection between citizens and their representatives
4242:
4027:
3936:
3891:
3610:
3339:
3225:
3151:
2487:
2461:
2385:
2326:
2206:
2125:
1345:
1300:
1240:
1215:
1170:
617:
11096:(Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1963), p. 55; cf. pp. 50–55, 64–66, 75–84.
8138:
7576:"The US Capitol has been stormed before – when British troops burned Washington in 1814"
7386:... if they had the chance to vote to defeat and replace every single member of Congress
5020:
The Constitution guarantees absolute freedom of debate in both houses, providing in the
21037:
20982:
19452:
19440:
19158:
19148:
19125:
19108:
18504:
18248:
18243:
18115:
17319:
17136:
14812:
14502:
13840:
13758:
13698:
13578:
12582:
12333:
12255:
12181:
12053:
11989:
11158:
10653:
10320:
6472:
5351:
4605:
4393:
4279:
4275:
4214:
4053:
3967:
3818:
3805:
3704:
3488:
3408:
3375:
3363:
on the executive branch. Congress can borrow money on the credit of the United States,
3355:
3276:
3026:
or PACs could make substantive donations to congressional candidates via such means as
2954:
2828:
2820:
2787:
2779:
2576:
2514:, began on January 3, 2023, and will end on January 3, 2025. Since the adoption of the
2231:
2226:
2190:
2165:
2056:
2036:
1540:
1375:
1255:
1220:
12452:
11671:"Constitutional Amendments – Amendment 27 – "Financial Compensation for the Congress""
10251:"Campaign on Television People May Dislike Attack Ads, but the Messages Tend to Stick"
7876:
7418:
the biggest risk to the world's largest economy may be its own elected representatives
4650:
Since members of Congress must advertise heavily on television, this usually involves
3087:
In the late 20th century, the media became more important in Congress's work. Analyst
759:
473:
21559:
21454:
20952:
20195:
19351:
18703:
18201:
18120:
18105:
17583:
17559:
17375:
17359:
17184:
17072:
14582:
14546:
14525:
13982:
13718:
13665:
13625:
13610:
13297:
12417:
12340:
12301:
12295:
12259:
12247:
12210:
12203:
12187:
12166:
12160:
12081:
12060:
12016:
11996:
11973:
11733:
11385:
11351:
11227:
11034:
10883:
10288:
9357:
9330:
9280:
9269:
9133:
8934:
8814:
8777:
8489:
7736:
7708:
7653:"Here are the 4 congresswomen known as 'The Squad' targeted by Trump's racist tweets"
7316:
7279:
6908:
6842:
6476:
6464:
6365:
6328:
6246:
6130:
6122:
6055:
5912:
5620:
5558:
5516:
5476:
5324:
5167:
4998:
4478:
demonstrates the contrary and debate often continues despite the lack of a majority.
4218:
3822:
3497:
3484:
3311:
3195:
3134:. The session of Congress ended prematurely, and Congress representatives evacuated.
3007:
3002:
2894:
2871:
2733:
2665:
2650:
2406:
1550:
1420:
1380:
1335:
1235:
1137:
1032:
163:
16821:
12330:
11727:
10282:
9349:
8808:
8771:
8581:
7495:
Americans' faith in Congress lower than all major institutions – ever
7310:
6902:
6322:
5614:
5553:
Julian E. Zelizer; Joanne Barrie Freeman; Jack N. Rakove; Alan Taylor, eds. (2004).
5510:
4356:
Representatives introduce a bill while the House is in session by placing it in the
2901:
21587:
21102:
20111:
19958:
19664:
19484:
18494:
18335:
18318:
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13743:
13593:
13412:
12237:
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11774:
11695:
10945:
9988:"Campaign Finance Groups Praise Rep. Welch for Cosponsoring Fair Elections Now Act"
8420:"U.S. Seeks Expanded Power to Seize Firms Goal Is to Limit Risk to Broader Economy"
8199:
Elizabeth B. Bazan and Jennifer K. Elsea, legislative attorneys (January 5, 2006).
6456:
5977:"U.S. Constitution: Article I (section 8 paragraph 3) – Article Text – Annotations"
5228:"Senate group eyes Social Security changes as Biden hits Republicans over benefits"
4763:
4423:
4287:
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3765:
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2950:
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2799:
2775:
2755:
2617:
2414:
2314:
1142:
629:
20683:
10654:"Congress and the Public: Congressional Job Approval Ratings Trend (1974–present)"
8742:
8624:
4385:
sometimes turn to outside experts to learn about proper congressional procedures.
21709:
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21290:
21052:
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19596:
19494:
19266:
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18268:
18189:
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17323:
17288:
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17208:
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17096:
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16984:
16952:
14559:
13509:
13417:
11863:
11616:
11483:"This chart shows why members of Congress really should earn more than $ 172,000"
8709:"Impeachment: The Past; Johnson's Trial: 2 Bitter Months for a Still-Torn Nation"
8695:
8669:
8649:
8631:
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7550:
7501:
7478:
7443:
7411:
7375:
7355:
6402:
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4271:
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4174:
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2438:
2318:
1925:
1545:
1027:
1010:
1000:
943:
879:
806:
11958:
10980:
9088:
8998:
6024:
4902:
Some critics complain congressional pay is high compared with a median American
2543:
Congress is constantly changing and is constantly in flux. In recent times, the
2467:
20290:
20190:
19573:
18708:
18698:
18693:
18688:
18360:
18223:
18157:
17679:
17599:
17304:
17112:
17032:
16936:
16904:
14653:
13825:
13748:
13675:
11817:
11342:
Parlapiano, Alicia; Playford, Adam; Kelly, Kate; Uz, Ege (September 13, 2022).
10188:
5142:
5131:
4597:
4593:
4291:
4202:
4170:
4069:
3749:
3724:
3708:
3700:
3602:
3557:
3513:
3505:
3327:
3097:
3045:
From 1974 to 1984, PACs grew from 608 to 3,803 and donations leaped from $ 12.5
2472:
2337:
1844:
1771:
21234:
11844:
11287:
6460:
6444:"Blending Powers: Hamilton, FDR, and the Backlash That Shaped Modern Congress"
4000:
president of the Senate. In addition, the Senate elects an officer called the
2609:
are maintained by the Center for Legislative Archives, which is a part of the
21886:
21868:
21855:
21285:
21280:
20997:
20844:
19271:
18571:
18380:
18015:
17327:
17144:
17064:
13977:
13803:
13583:
13390:
12251:
11389:
11355:
10558:
9200:
6468:
5154:
4795:
4531:
4245:", one for each year; Congress has occasionally been called into an extra or
4140:
3914:
3769:
3720:
3716:
3537:
3493:
3307:
3271:
3236:
3206:
2998:
2919:
chairmen remained influential in both houses until the reforms of the 1970s.
2832:
2807:
2771:
2685:
2548:
2185:
2051:
926:
868:
846:
795:
764:
633:
407:
356:
310:
261:
12365:. University of Chicago Press: Chicago. (Equal representation in the Senate)
2905:
The 200th anniversary of Congress anniversary in 1989, which was honored by
20715:
19578:
19550:
18605:
17567:
17192:
17080:
14848:
14072:
13972:
13620:
13615:
11775:"Rules Of The Senate | U.S. Senate Committee on Rules & Administration"
10510:"Informed Opinions on Today's Topics – Looking for Answers to Voter Apathy"
9391:"Walter Oleszek: A Hill Staffer's Guide to Congressional History and Habit"
9232:
4775:
4210:
4057:
4041:
3918:
3757:
3753:
3501:
3468:
3404:
3229:
3221:
3135:
3103:
2979:
2298:
1022:
1005:
993:
857:
784:
333:
287:
181:
12114:. Congressional Research Service – The Library of Congress. Archived from
11967:
4592:
at a university. Another advantage for representatives is the practice of
4455:
committee that includes senators and representatives sometimes by using a
4439:
a bill which means to change part of it. Generally, discussion requires a
4064:; and multiple overseas offices. The Library had mostly law books when it
3378:, including the exclusive power to declare war, to raise and maintain the
2688:
body with equal representation among the states in which each state had a
21137:
20718:
19855:
19386:
18723:
18625:
18365:
18228:
17984:
17439:
17128:
13821:
13773:
13680:
13635:
12495:
12420:
was created from a revision of this article dated 4 August 2006
12242:
11412:"Stock ban proposed for Congress to stop insider trading among lawmakers"
9329:(32 ed.). Bethesda, MD: Columbia Books. November 2007. p. 949.
9233:"The Congressional Research Service and the American Legislative Process"
5032:
4737:
4625:
4589:
4545:
4475:
4398:
4073:
3826:
3761:
3606:
3597:, the federal district and national capital, and the U.S. territories of
3541:
3400:
3388:
3228:
became the first woman of color to reach the Senate in 1993. The second,
2987:
2966:
2556:
2377:
2290:
2211:
1015:
21704:
10362:
9508:"The U.S. Congress – Votes Database – Members of Congress / Robert Byrd"
4906:. Others have countered that congressional pay is consistent with other
2766:, the anti-federalist movement was exhausted. Some activists joined the
1920:
21697:
20977:
20726:
18718:
18524:
18350:
18345:
18263:
15650:
11850:
7108:
5259:"Sanders calls Sinema 'corporate Democrat' who 'sabotaged' legislation"
5123:
4910:. Another criticism is that members of Congress are insulated from the
4851:
4809:
4755:
4584:
4524:
3996:
3831:
3783:
The Senate has an important check on the executive power by confirming
3412:
3350:
3028:
2836:
2713:
2709:
2584:
2564:
2560:
2369:
2236:
12363:
Sizing Up the Senate: The Unequal Consequences of Equal Representation
9028:. U.S. Government Printing Office Access. May 25, 2010. Archived from
8642:
7554:
7349:
Unproductive Congress: How stalemates became the norm in Washington DC
3886:
committees. Further, Congress has ancillary organizations such as the
3436:
Congress can establish post offices and post roads, issue patents and
3279:, which authorizes it to tax citizens, spend money, and print currency
2778:
were forming about 1790–1791 to oppose policies of Treasury Secretary
21574:
20207:
20200:
14044:
13650:
11288:"Republic, Lost: How Money Corrupts Congress – and a Plan to Stop It"
10322:
Lobbying: influencing decision making with transparency and integrity
6245:(18th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage CQ Press. pp. 161–162.
4863:
4855:
4639:
4527:
for another. Congressional votes are recorded on an online database.
4325:
4313:
4129:
3744:
3451:
One of Congress's foremost non-legislative functions is the power to
3437:
2676:, referring to the new nation as the "United States of America". The
2595:
1978:
909:
21692:
15640:
11894:
10114:
9813:
7206:
4572:
3655:
3298:
78:
18390:
18340:
14619:
First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln
14037:
13488:
11986:
11959:
Bacon, Donald C.; Davidson, Roger H.; Keller, Morton, eds. (1995).
10360:
5196:
5014:
4965:
4950:
United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
4604:
Senators and representatives enjoy free mailing privileges, called
4179:
3843:
3419:
described the American response as a "police action". According to
3382:, and to make rules for the military. Some critics charge that the
3175:
2958:
2580:
2506:
2381:
14877:
12351:(Legislative procedure, informal practices, and other information)
12007:(Legislative procedure, informal practices, and other information)
8848:"Clinton Presses Senate to Ratify Nuclear Arms Treaty with Russia"
7553:, Congressional Research Service; U.S. House of Representatives, "
7238:"Campaign Finance; Problems in the PAC's: Study Finds Frustration"
6973:
5089:
United States Congress Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction
3966:
Committees write legislation. While procedures, such as the House
3287:
Congress authorizes defense spending, such as the purchase of the
3178:
moved into electoral politics. Beginning in the 1970s, donors and
21172:
13558:
12331:
Smith, Steven S.; Roberts, Jason M.; Vander Wielen, Ryan (2007).
11728:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
10283:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
9350:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
9275:. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. p.
8809:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
8772:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
7311:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
6903:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
6323:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
5615:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
5511:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
5146:
5135:
5025:
5010:
4986:
4823:
United States House of Representatives § Salary and benefits
4759:
4366:
4046:
National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped
3982:
by monitoring the executive branch and investigating wrongdoing.
3851:
3842:
other branches. Committees may hold hearings, and, if necessary,
2607:
historical records of the House of Representatives and the Senate
2491:
14915:
12109:"Reelection rate of House Incumbents 1790–1990 Summary (page 2)"
10948:. Connecticut Judicial Branch: Law Libraries. January 10, 2010.
8448:
7109:
Walter Isaacson; Evan Thomas; other bureaus (October 25, 1982).
3674:
explained how Congress functions within the federal government:
3589:
Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives
3569:, the enumerated power to regulate commerce, in rulings such as
2990:
and conducted televised hearings. In 1960, Democratic candidate
2471:
In 1868, this committee of representatives prosecuted President
21359:
16648:
14424:
14019:
11970:
Decision in Philadelphia: The Constitutional Convention of 1787
11410:
Vitali, Ali; Tsirkin, Julie; Talbot, Haley (February 8, 2022).
9814:"At What Cost? – Sen. John Warner and Congress's money culture"
9743:
9356:(Fourth ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 17–18.
9304:
6291:
5943:
5729:"References about weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation".
5006:
4990:
4471:
3727:. Congress restricted presidential power with laws such as the
12133:
12055:
Congressional Elections: Campaigning at Home and in Washington
11464:"US Lawmakers Resume Globe Trotting Paid by Special Interests"
9388:
9130:
Partners and Rivals: Representation in U.S. Senate Delegations
8231:
8170:"Bush claims executive privilege in Valerie Plame Wilson case"
7204:
5323:(3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 203.
5192:"Maine Independent Angus King To Caucus With Senate Democrats"
4774:
A major role for members of Congress is providing services to
4282:, normally given as an annual speech, is modeled on Britain's
4143:
as well as likely costs of legislation. It prepares an annual
2786:
or the Jeffersonian Republican Party and began the era of the
2460:
An overview of the United States legislative process from the
21715:
14598:
Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States
6268:"Cleaning Up House: Reforms to Empower U.S. House Committees"
5732:
5722:
5127:
5069:
Elections in the United States § Congressional elections
5059:
Current members of the United States House of Representatives
3939:
video explaining the committees of the United States Congress
3448:
gives Congress the power to admit new states into the Union.
2646:
Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States
2475:
in his impeachment trial, but the Senate did not convict him.
11318:"Family Ties Bind Federal Lawmakers to Lobbyists - CBS News"
9085:"Tying It All Together: Learn about the Legislative Process"
7962:. Teachingamericanhistory.org. June 29, 1950. Archived from
7670:
7594:
5974:
5689:"Information about the Archives of the United States Senate"
5170:, except when referring to a specific session of Congress.
4290:
but personally delivered as a spoken oration beginning with
4135:
It was created as an independent non-partisan agency by the
3821:, for example, mentioned and expounded upon the doctrine in
3636:
U.S. Congress in relation to the president and Supreme Court
3349:
in 1913 extended congressional power of taxation to include
2700:
which proposed a revised constitution with a two-chamber or
13670:
12446:
8417:
6810:"Why power in Congress is now so precarious | CNN Politics"
6240:
6190:
The "Spider Web": Congress and Lobbying in the Age of Grant
4617:
3598:
3326:
have granted Congress additional powers. Congress also has
2689:
2559:
changes recorded by the census and includes more women and
1834:
12369:
Some information in this article has been provided by the
12183:
How Congress Evolves: Social Bases of Institutional Change
11968:
Collier, Christopher & Collier, James Lincoln (1986).
11128:"Two Democrats in Senate race stress constituent services"
10785:
8232:
Linda P. Campbell & Glen Elsasser (October 20, 1991).
7544:
Delegates to the U.S. Congress: history and current status
7437:
NBC/WSJ poll: 60 percent say fire every member of Congress
7369:
NBC/WSJ poll: 60 percent say fire every member of Congress
6974:
Susan Tifft; Richard Homik; Hays Corey (August 20, 1984).
6292:
David B. Rivkin Jr. & Lee A. Casey (August 22, 2009).
5944:
David B. Rivkin Jr. & Lee A. Casey (August 22, 2009).
5867:
4624:
The Supreme Court has treated campaign contributions as a
3990:
At the start of each two-year session, the House elects a
2616:
Congress is directly responsible for the governing of the
2317:
U.S. Senators and U.S. Representatives are chosen through
13391:
Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, media
12463:
11341:
10672:
10472:
10112:
10101:
9958:"'08 Campaign costs nearing $ 2 Billion. Is it worth it?"
9836:
7682:
7606:
4470:
The Constitution specifies that a majority of members (a
3142:
that the United States Congress was forcefully occupied.
1839:
12458:
11635:
11540:"Half of Congress Members Are Millionaires, Report Says"
10361:
Alexander Hamilton or James Madison (February 8, 1788).
9479:
9087:. United States House of Representatives. Archived from
7834:
7489:
7487:
7205:
Michael Isikoff & Dina Fine Maron (March 21, 2009).
4698:... its place in the political process is not threatened
4137:
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
3729:
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
3194:
created momentum for women candidates, resulting in the
2814:, empowered the courts by establishing the principle of
2716:
with two overlapping power centers so that each citizen
2437:
with members of the political parties. Members can also
7625:
Vogelstein, Rachel; Bro, Alexandra (November 9, 2018).
7010:"Campaign spending in congress races soars to new high"
4629:
heavy campaign contributors than to ordinary citizens.
2907:
United States Congress Bicentennial commemorative coins
646:
12327:. (History, representation, and legislative procedure)
10330:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
9746:"Campaign spending up in U.S. congressional elections"
9572:
9263:
8900:"Decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott Case"
8449:
George F. Will – op-ed columnist (December 21, 2008).
7403:
Andy Sullivan of Reuters, NBC News, October 17, 2013,
6129:(5th ed.). New York: Wolters Kluwer. p. 37.
6099:
Thomas Jefferson to President Washington, May 23, 1792
4645:
4548:, and cannot be overridden by the adjourned Congress.
3854:. Most committee hearings are open to the public (the
3114:
In 2009, Congress authorized another delegate for the
2664:
was a gathering of representatives from twelve of the
21669:
16851:
12029:
11995:(10th ed.). Congressional Quarterly (CQ) Press.
11636:
Brody Mullins & T.W. Farnam (December 17, 2009).
11217:
11215:
11066:
Labunski, Richard; Schwartz, Dan (October 18, 2007).
10786:
interview by David Schimke (September–October 2008).
10450:"Confident Clinton Lends Hand to Congress Candidates"
10113:
Brooks Jackson & Justin Bank (February 5, 2009).
9850:"Gloves Come Off in Attack Ads by Harman, Kuykendall"
9343:
9225:
9146:
8874:"Constitutional Interpretation the Old Fashioned Way"
8700:
8663:
2016 Presidential primaries, caucuses and conventions
8418:
Binyamin Appelbaum & David Cho (March 24, 2009).
7841:"References about congressional war declaring power".
7726:
7724:
7484:
7269:
7267:
7265:
7263:
5902:
5900:
5659:"Post Politics Hour: Weekend Review and a Look Ahead"
5610:
5608:
5606:
5548:
5546:
5544:
4790:
One way to categorize lawmakers, according to former
4196:
2516:
Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution
14521:
List of artwork at the United States Capitol complex
12134:
Maier, Pauline (book reviewer) (November 18, 2007).
11961:
Encyclopedia of the United States Congress (4 vols.)
11570:"A Quiet Raise – Congressional Pay – special report"
11159:"Incumbents battle association with stimulus, Obama"
11001:
10730:"Bush, Congress at record low ratings: Reuters poll"
10705:"Congress' Approval Rating at Lowest Point for Year"
10651:
10389:"Congress' Approval Rating at Lowest Point for Year"
10278:
10276:
9744:
Barbara Borst, Associated Press (October 29, 2006).
8765:
7518:"White House: Republicans Will 'Do the Right Thing'"
6942:"Political Attack Ads Already Popping Up on the Web"
6898:
6896:
6894:
6892:
5604:
5602:
5600:
5598:
5596:
5594:
5592:
5590:
5588:
5586:
5464:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5452:
4969:
giving incumbents a big advantage over challengers.
4182:
for issues in which they are personally interested.
3850:, and those who testify falsely may be charged with
3123:
constitutional when Congress authorizes their House
2563:. While power balances among the different parts of
2321:, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a
20713:
12278:
11987:Davidson, Roger H. & Walter J. Oleszek (2006).
11721:
11409:
10871:
10629:. Associated Press. January 9, 2008. Archived from
9079:
9077:
9075:
9073:
9071:
9069:
9067:
7304:
7043:
6837:Bruce J. Schulman (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
5733:Pauline Maier (book reviewer) (November 18, 2007).
5506:
5504:
4744:
3593:Constitutional responsibility for the oversight of
3440:, fix standards of weights and measures, establish
21893:Legislative branch of the United States government
14067:
12332:
12293:
12226:"Women's Underrepresentation in the U.S. Congress"
12202:
12158:
12052:
12034:. The Oklahoma City Journal Record. Archived from
11988:
11937:
11843:
11212:
11006:. Widener University School of Law. Archived from
10880:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
10849:"Voter Turnout Rate Said to Be Highest Since 1968"
10819:"Politics In, Voter Apathy Out Amid Heavy Turnout"
10140:"Union helps non-profit groups pay for attack ads"
9633:
9631:
9127:
9065:
9063:
9061:
9059:
9057:
9055:
9053:
9051:
9049:
9047:
9020:
9018:
9016:
8989:
8987:
8547:
8522:
8516:
7960:"The President's News Conference of June 29, 1950"
7733:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
7721:
7276:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
7274:Michael Schudson (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
7260:
6839:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
6830:
6442:
6362:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
6353:
6052:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
5909:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
5897:
5775:
5555:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
5541:
5031:Obstructing the work of Congress is a crime under
4274:after a presidential election and the president's
4173:and their members sometimes write legislation and
4149:An Analysis of the President's Budgetary Proposals
3683:... No one part of government dominates the other.
2978:. Democrats maintained control of Congress during
12179:
12050:
12032:"Waging campaigns against incumbents in Oklahoma"
11631:
11629:
11221:
10917:"Americans' Confidence in Institutions Stays Low"
10877:
10447:
10273:
10137:
9389:Partnership for Public Service (March 29, 2009).
8802:
8167:
7873:"Obama revelling in U.S. power unseen in decades"
6889:
6836:
6713:
6711:
5583:
5449:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5418:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5410:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5402:
4898:Salaries of members of the United States Congress
4430:..." Consideration of a bill requires, itself, a
4083:
1090:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review
21884:
19419:Native American recognition in the United States
14640:George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door
14207:Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations
12297:The American Congress: The Building of Democracy
12010:
11065:
11028:
10970:
9710:"Time Essay: Campaign Costs: Floor, Not Ceiling"
9539:"An amendment is needed to fix the primary mess"
8997:. GPO Access. September 28, 2005. Archived from
8579:
8225:
7466:
7464:
7435:Domenico Montanaro, NBC News, October 10, 2013,
7367:Domenico Montanaro, NBC News, October 10, 2013,
7273:
7235:
7077:
6360:David E. Kyvig (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
6316:
6208:
6087:James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, March 2, 1794
6050:Eric Patashnik (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
5907:David E. Kyvig (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
5501:
5428:
5400:
5398:
5396:
5394:
5392:
5390:
5388:
5386:
5384:
5382:
5285:"Sinema Trashes Dems: 'Old Dudes Eating Jell-O'"
5104:United States presidents and control of Congress
5084:Radio and Television Correspondents' Association
4842:Supreme Court of the United States § Ethics
2855:became extremely powerful under leaders such as
93:, potentially preventing the article from being
12200:
12162:Congressional Procedures and the Policy Process
11181:
11150:
11119:
10940:
10938:
10727:
10532:
10019:"Democrats Battle Over a Safe Seat in Congress"
9628:
9568:
9566:
9564:
9536:
9500:
9473:
9443:
9413:
9382:
9179:
9177:
9175:
9044:
9013:
8984:
8892:
8845:
8839:
8573:
8482:
8389:"Obama Undercuts Whistle-Blowers, Senator Says"
8293:
8130:
8105:
8099:
7984:
7803:
7766:
7764:
7512:
7510:
7176:"Beer PAC aims to put Congress under influence"
5656:
5557:. Houghton Mifflin Company. pp. xiii–xiv.
5468:
4827:United States Senate § Salary and benefits
4567:
3958:has considerable influence over House affairs.
3342:belief that balanced budgets were unnecessary.
3243:, which came with her role as the first female
14878:Articles related to the United States Congress
11716:
11626:
11068:"Time for a Second Constitutional Convention?"
10946:"Roger Sherman and The Connecticut Compromise"
10617:
10615:
10215:
10187:
9955:
9872:
9807:
9805:
9773:
9771:
9739:
9737:
9735:
9704:
9702:
9700:
8776:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 18–19.
8386:
8355:
8136:
8069:
8039:
7845:
7773:
7730:
7145:"PACs spent record $ 416M on federal election"
7138:
7136:
7073:
7071:
7003:
7001:
6969:
6967:
6749:"National Affairs: Judgments & Prophecies"
6708:
6359:
6049:
6027:. U.S. Constitution Online. October 10, 2009.
5906:
5307:
4918:Members elected since 1984 are covered by the
4109:
2725:. Furthermore, there were checks and balances
2620:, the current seat of the federal government.
2526:prestige or name recognition of presidents or
2441:at any time, although this is quite uncommon.
21345:
20699:
19816:Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States
18000:
16837:
16634:
15626:
14901:
12511:
11919:"The Constitution and the Idea of Compromise"
11156:
10964:
10816:
10779:
10752:
10557:
9662:
8625:Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty
8473:
8296:"Alito Once Made Case For Presidential Power"
7924:
7922:
7920:
7870:
7624:
7461:
7039:
7037:
7035:
6939:
5851:. The Charters of Freedom. October 10, 2009.
5825:. The Library of Congress – American memory.
5820:
5758:"The Constitution and the Idea of Compromise"
5379:
5352:"Membership of the 116th Congress: A Profile"
5141:with the Democratic Party; independent Sens.
4616:In 1971, the cost of running for Congress in
4044:, but also includes several other sites: the
3037:limited campaign donations but did not limit
2957:and strong control by Democrats and historic
2480:Article One of the United States Constitution
2266:
1946:
21255:Yugoslavia (1931–1939, 1945–1963, 1974–1992)
12361:Lee, Frances and Bruce Oppenheimer. (1999).
12339:(5th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
12325:The U.S. Congress: A Very Short Introduction
11252:
11190:"Wolf's Decisive Win Surprised Even the GOP"
11125:
11022:
10935:
10882:. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. xiv–xv.
10563:"Congress Must Now Make Own Painful Choices"
10356:
10354:
10248:
10108:"References about prevalence of attack ads".
9922:
9777:
9603:
9561:
9530:
9172:
8636:
8324:
7812:"Senate Passes Detainee Bill Sought by Bush"
7809:
7761:
7735:. Houghton Mifflin Company. pp. 671–2.
7704:American Epic: Reading the U.S. Constitution
7507:
7405:Washington: the biggest risk to U.S. economy
7173:
7046:"Cost of Congressional Campaigns Skyrockets"
6427:
6425:
5796:
5714:Thomas Paine (1982). Kramnick, Isaac (ed.).
5713:
5652:
5650:
5648:
3551:
3014:. Congress began reasserting its authority.
2611:National Archives and Records Administration
21360:National legislative bodies of the Americas
16650:Lists of acts of the United States Congress
14668:Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way
12223:
11610:Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress
11562:
11279:
11187:
11059:
10995:
10841:
10810:
10645:
10612:
10588:"As U.S. Economy Flows, Voter Vitriol Ebbs"
10507:
10485:"The Congress: Makings of the 72nd (Cont.)"
10441:
10419:"The Congress: Makings of the 72nd (Cont.)"
10411:
10381:
10242:
10162:
10071:
10041:
10016:
10010:
9980:
9949:
9897:
9802:
9768:
9732:
9697:
9597:
9201:"General Information – Library of Congress"
9103:
8959:
8953:
8706:
8411:
8380:
8349:
8318:
8287:
8262:
8256:
8192:
7688:
7676:
7612:
7600:
7229:
7198:
7167:
7142:
7133:
7102:
7068:
6998:
6964:
6149:
6127:Constitutional Law: Principles and Policies
6121:
6017:
5937:
5841:
5814:
5064:Current members of the United States Senate
4831:
4769:
4266:Joint session of the United States Congress
2986:exploited the fear of communism during the
389:435 representatives
23:
21352:
21338:
20706:
20692:
18014:
18007:
17993:
16844:
16830:
16641:
16627:
15633:
15619:
14908:
14894:
12525:
12518:
12504:
12451:
12356:How Congress Works and Why You Should Care
12030:Francis-Smith, Janice (October 22, 2008).
11732:. Cambridge University Press. p. 79.
10585:
10287:. Cambridge University Press. p. 21.
9637:
8813:. Cambridge University Press. p. 19.
8736:
8734:
8161:
8009:
7978:
7917:
7315:. Cambridge University Press. p. 12.
7032:
6933:
6907:. Cambridge University Press. p. 58.
6807:
6686:"Business & Finance: Turn of the Tide"
6560:
6558:
6327:. Cambridge University Press. p. 38.
6285:
5515:. Cambridge University Press. p. 23.
5472:How Congress works and why you should care
4883:2020 congressional insider trading scandal
4762:. Critics, such as constitutional scholar
4562:
2922:Important structural changes included the
2708:, was adopted with representatives chosen
2273:
2259:
1953:
1939:
162:
113:reliable, independent, third-party sources
59:Bicameral legislature of the United States
24:
19429:Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes
12241:
11315:
10351:
9925:"Democrats Chase Votes With a Safety Net"
9847:
9301:"Congressional Budget Office – About CBO"
9193:
8442:
7472:Approval of Congress Matches All-Time Low
6841:. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 638.
6422:
5968:
5911:. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 362.
5645:
5256:
5094:United States Congressional Baseball Game
5001:in debate. This constitutionally derived
4952:ruled that the amendment does not affect
4877:Members of congress have been accused of
4309:List of United States federal legislation
4050:National Audio-Visual Conservation Center
3578:
3467:the other branches of government. In the
3170:for women candidates were rare until the
3001:program to fight poverty and hunger. The
2602:subsequent elections exceeds 90 percent.
2384:in their state for a six-year term, with
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
21898:1789 establishments in the United States
14854:United States Capitol cornerstone laying
12428:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
12411:
12282:Chapter seven, Treatise on Twelve Lights
12073:
11730:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
11375:
11290:. Google, YouTube, The Huffington Post.
10685:"Congress' Approval Rating Jumps to 31%"
10679:"References about low approval ratings".
10652:Gallup Poll/Newsweek (October 8, 2009).
10285:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
10218:"Coming Soon: Personalized Campaign Ads"
10138:Fredreka Schouten (September 19, 2008).
9238:. Congressional Research Service. 2008.
8811:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
8774:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
8525:"Red State Anxiety and The Constitution"
8523:Stephen Herrington (February 25, 2010).
8139:"House committee subpoenas Rice on Iraq"
7650:
7361:
7313:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
6905:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
6719:"The Congress: Effort toward Efficiency"
6325:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
5707:
5617:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
5513:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
4661:
4571:
4530:After passage by both houses, a bill is
4401:who belongs to the majority party and a
4324:
4312:
4298:
4241:A term of Congress is divided into two "
4232:Procedures of the United States Congress
4093:
4031:
3923:
3908:
3654:
3639:
3297:
3282:
3270:
2900:
2884:
2870:
2638:
2466:
2448:
107:by replacing them with more appropriate
32:This is an accepted version of this page
19480:List of counties and county equivalents
15643:United States congressional delegations
13621:Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule)
12581:
11224:"Congress on display, Congress at work"
11108:35 (September 3, 1977): 1855. English,
11094:The Congressman, His Work as He Sees It
11033:. Oxford University Press. p. 60.
10855:. Associated Press. December 15, 2008.
9573:Joseph A. Califano Jr. (May 27, 1988).
8854:from the original on September 14, 2010
8731:
8488:
7044:Jeffrey H. Birnbaum (October 3, 2004).
6555:
6495:
6265:
4286:, was written by most presidents after
3881:Structure of the United States Congress
3799:In 1803, the Supreme Court established
2802:'s election to the presidency marked a
2598:seek re-election, and their historical
2295:federal government of the United States
1085:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
1075:Multidistrict Litigation Judicial Panel
674:This article is part of a series on the
90:too closely associated with the subject
14:
21885:
16870:United States House of Representatives
13098:Caucuses of the United States Congress
11803:
11785:from the original on December 30, 2017
11665:
11663:
11537:
11481:Lee, Timothy B. (September 19, 2013).
11286:Lessig, Lawrence (November 16, 2011).
11285:
11258:
10914:
10728:John Whitesides (September 19, 2007).
10448:Jonathan Peterson (October 21, 1996).
9811:
9668:
9537:Larry J. Sabato (September 26, 2007).
9213:from the original on February 24, 2014
8928:
8740:
8077:"The proceedings of congress.; senate"
7347:Mark Murray, NBC News, June 30, 2013,
7236:Richard L. Berke (February 14, 1988).
7007:
6875:"The House: New Faces and New Strains"
6771:
6440:
6218:. Uspolitics.about.com. Archived from
5987:from the original on February 12, 2010
5313:
5049:Caucuses of the United States Congress
4611:
4036:Library of Congress Jefferson Building
4021:
3661:impeachment trial of President Clinton
3629:
3118:. These six members of Congress enjoy
3080:. In 1978, an additional delegate for
2934:decisions based on the Constitution's
2303:United States House of Representatives
21333:
21265:Ottoman Empire (1876–1878, 1908–1920)
20687:
17988:
17973:Lists of past U.S. state legislatures
16825:
16622:
15614:
14889:
14876:
14066:
13389:
12580:
12499:
12146:from the original on January 14, 2021
12094:from the original on January 14, 2021
11946:from the original on January 14, 2021
11925:from the original on January 14, 2021
11905:from the original on January 14, 2021
11870:from the original on January 14, 2021
11824:from the original on January 25, 2021
11746:from the original on January 14, 2021
11648:from the original on January 14, 2021
11598:
11580:from the original on January 14, 2021
11550:from the original on January 14, 2021
11519:from the original on January 14, 2021
11461:
11294:from the original on December 5, 2013
11267:from the original on January 20, 2013
11259:Lessig, Lawrence (February 8, 2010).
11240:from the original on January 14, 2021
11200:from the original on January 14, 2021
11169:from the original on January 14, 2021
11138:from the original on January 14, 2021
11106:Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report
11047:from the original on January 14, 2021
11002:Robert Justin Lipkin (January 2007).
10971:Cass R. Sunstein (October 26, 2006).
10952:from the original on January 17, 2010
10923:from the original on January 14, 2021
10896:from the original on October 19, 2017
10859:from the original on October 14, 2017
10829:from the original on October 14, 2017
10798:from the original on January 15, 2013
10765:from the original on January 14, 2021
10755:"Poll: Congress' job approval at 31%"
10740:from the original on January 14, 2021
10691:from the original on January 14, 2021
10598:from the original on January 14, 2021
10573:from the original on January 14, 2021
10545:from the original on October 10, 2017
10520:from the original on January 14, 2021
10460:from the original on January 14, 2021
10369:from the original on January 14, 2021
10301:from the original on January 14, 2021
10261:from the original on January 14, 2021
10228:from the original on January 14, 2021
10175:from the original on January 14, 2021
10150:from the original on January 14, 2021
10125:from the original on January 14, 2021
10089:from the original on January 14, 2021
10029:from the original on January 14, 2021
9968:from the original on January 14, 2021
9935:from the original on January 14, 2021
9910:from the original on January 14, 2021
9885:from the original on January 14, 2021
9860:from the original on January 14, 2021
9824:from the original on January 14, 2021
9790:from the original on January 14, 2021
9756:from the original on January 14, 2021
9650:from the original on January 14, 2021
9616:from the original on January 14, 2021
9585:from the original on January 14, 2021
9549:from the original on January 14, 2021
9488:from the original on January 14, 2021
9401:from the original on January 14, 2021
9370:from the original on January 14, 2021
9160:from the original on January 14, 2021
8972:from the original on January 14, 2021
8941:from the original on January 14, 2021
8910:from the original on January 14, 2021
8880:from the original on January 14, 2021
8827:from the original on January 14, 2021
8790:from the original on January 14, 2021
8753:from the original on January 14, 2021
8719:from the original on January 14, 2021
8582:"The Case for a Federalism Amendment"
8430:from the original on January 14, 2021
8399:from the original on January 14, 2021
8368:from the original on January 14, 2021
8306:from the original on January 14, 2021
8234:"Supreme Court Slugfests A Tradition"
8213:from the original on February 5, 2012
8149:from the original on January 14, 2021
8047:"The Law: The President's War Powers"
7930:"The Law: The President's War Powers"
7893:"The Law: The President's War Powers"
7858:from the original on January 14, 2021
7749:from the original on October 19, 2017
7627:"The 'Year of the Woman' goes global"
7520:. Voice of America. October 9, 2013.
7329:from the original on January 14, 2021
7292:from the original on October 19, 2017
7248:from the original on January 14, 2021
7217:from the original on January 14, 2021
7186:from the original on January 14, 2021
7155:from the original on January 14, 2021
7090:from the original on January 14, 2021
7056:from the original on January 14, 2021
7020:from the original on January 14, 2021
6952:from the original on January 14, 2021
6921:from the original on January 14, 2021
6855:from the original on October 19, 2017
6656:"Before the G.O.P. Lay a Forked Road"
6648:
6596:"The Vice Presidency: Undeclared War"
6483:from the original on November 4, 2021
6378:from the original on October 19, 2017
6341:from the original on January 14, 2021
6304:from the original on October 29, 2020
6266:Fromkin, Lauren (February 15, 2024).
6170:from the original on January 14, 2021
6068:from the original on October 19, 2017
6031:from the original on January 14, 2021
5975:Founding Fathers via FindLaw (1787).
5956:from the original on October 29, 2020
5925:from the original on October 19, 2017
5784:from the original on January 14, 2021
5764:from the original on January 14, 2021
5745:from the original on January 14, 2021
5669:from the original on January 14, 2021
5633:from the original on January 14, 2021
5571:from the original on October 19, 2017
5529:from the original on January 14, 2021
5489:from the original on January 14, 2021
5364:from the original on January 14, 2021
5257:Schonfeld, Zach (December 11, 2022).
5204:from the original on December 8, 2020
4551:
4380:guides legislation; in the Senate, a
3905:United States congressional committee
3018:became a big factor despite the 1971
2630:History of the United States Congress
2409:and first met in 1789, replacing the
2344:are held every even-numbered year on
1445:Elections in the District of Columbia
21722:
10533:Daniel Brumberg (October 30, 2008).
10491:. September 22, 1930. Archived from
10425:. September 22, 1930. Archived from
10216:Samantha Gross (September 7, 2007).
10049:"The Congress: An Idea on the March"
8929:Waxman, Matthew (November 4, 2018).
8741:Greene, Richard (January 19, 2005).
8275:from the original on August 31, 2010
7822:from the original on January 3, 2020
7700:
7573:
7207:"Congress – Follow the Bailout Cash"
7078:Richard E. Cohen (August 12, 1990).
6808:Brownstein, Ronald (June 20, 2023).
5855:from the original on October 9, 2016
5695:from the original on January 6, 2014
5295:from the original on October 8, 2023
5265:from the original on August 31, 2023
5238:from the original on August 31, 2023
5160:
4758:had seventy times the population of
4539:neither signing nor vetoing the bill
4392:. Most legislation is considered by
4331:U.S. Committee on Financial Services
4251:. A new session commences on January
3650:United States Supreme Court building
3442:Courts inferior to the Supreme Court
3262:Powers of the United States Congress
3145:
2696:Government powerlessness led to the
2392:Article One of the U.S. Constitution
1815:United States and the United Nations
1047:Inferior Courts of the United States
72:
12729:Expelled, censured, and reprimanded
12266:from the original on April 24, 2021
11660:
11506:
11480:
11435:
11316:Attkisson, Sharyl (June 25, 2010).
10753:Seung Min Kim (February 18, 2009).
10711:. September 2, 2009. Archived from
10660:from the original on August 7, 2013
10395:. September 2, 2009. Archived from
10339:from the original on April 11, 2019
9778:Dan Froomkin (September 15, 1997).
9669:Macedo, Stephen (August 11, 2008).
9421:"Blacks: Confronting the President"
8846:Charles Wolfson (August 11, 2010).
8580:Randy E. Barnett (April 23, 2009).
8504:from the original on April 30, 2011
8356:Dana D. Nelson (October 11, 2008).
8294:Christopher Lee (January 2, 2006).
8244:from the original on April 29, 2011
8168:James Gerstenzang (July 16, 2008).
7846:Dana D. Nelson (October 11, 2008).
7810:Kate Zernike (September 28, 2006).
7791:from the original on August 1, 2020
6881:. November 18, 1974. Archived from
6785:. November 17, 1958. Archived from
6755:. November 15, 1954. Archived from
6692:. November 16, 1942. Archived from
6662:. November 16, 1942. Archived from
6632:. November 11, 1940. Archived from
6572:. November 21, 1938. Archived from
6539:. November 16, 1936. Archived from
6533:"Political Notes: Democratic Drift"
6509:. November 14, 1932. Archived from
6406:. November 17, 1930. Archived from
5657:Perry Bacon Jr. (August 31, 2009).
5116:
5099:United States congressional hearing
5079:Oath of office § United States
4920:Federal Employees Retirement System
4646:Television and negative advertising
4016:
3780:indicated his removal from office.
3471:, critics including Representative
3245:Vice President of the United States
3070:Puerto Rico's resident commissioner
919:Vice President of the United States
56:
12398:
12316:
11304:(see 30:13 minutes into the video)
10817:Guy Gugliotta (November 3, 2004).
10055:. January 11, 1963. Archived from
9898:Dave Lesher (September 12, 1994).
9873:Shanto Iyengar (August 12, 2008).
9606:"GOP exits to cost party millions"
9457:. December 3, 1861. Archived from
9245:from the original on July 18, 2009
9026:"Congressional Reports: Main Page"
8358:"The 'unitary executive' question"
8206:. Congressional Research Service.
8106:David S. Broder (March 18, 2007).
7985:Michael Kinsley (March 15, 1993).
7848:"The 'unitary executive' question"
7582:from the original on April 7, 2021
7524:from the original on March 5, 2016
7446:. Retrieved October 10, 2013, "...
7414:. Retrieved October 18, 2013, "...
7378:. Retrieved October 10, 2013, "...
5849:"The Founding Fathers: New Jersey"
5429:John V. Sullivan (July 24, 2007).
5320:Garner's Dictionary of Legal Usage
4798:, is by their general motivation:
4523:by red). One member cannot cast a
4197:Partisanship versus bipartisanship
4147:with a mid-year update and writes
3943:
3455:and oversee the executive branch.
3374:Congress has an important role in
2653:presiding over the signing of the
2340:, commencing every other January.
983:Supreme Court of the United States
691:
57:
21919:
18825:Director of National Intelligence
16853:Legislatures of the United States
14612:Progress of Civilization Pediment
14466:Congressional Pictorial Directory
13319:By length of service historically
12481:Legislature of the United States
12379:
11378:"Not-So-Representative Investors"
11188:Amy Gardner (November 27, 2008).
11157:Daniel Malloy (August 22, 2010).
10623:"Congress gets $ 4,100 pay raise"
10535:"America's Re-emerging Democracy"
9923:Howard Kurtz (October 28, 1998).
9780:"Campaign Finance – Introduction"
9480:United States government (2010).
8876:. Center For Individual Freedom.
8652:webpage. Viewed January 26, 2013.
8592:from the original on July 2, 2015
8535:from the original on July 2, 2010
8387:Charlie Savage (March 16, 2009).
8137:Thomas Ferraro (April 25, 2007).
7574:Ward, Matthew (January 8, 2021).
7174:Thomas Frank (October 29, 2006).
7008:clymer, Adam (October 29, 1992).
6779:"The Congress: Ahead of the Wind"
6503:"The Congress: Democratic Senate"
6441:Farley, Bill (January 25, 2021).
5433:. U.S. House of Representatives.
4259:
4222:civility within the institution.
4153:Senate's Appropriations Committee
3560:deriving from the Constitution's
2655:Constitution of the United States
2336:Congress convenes for a two-year
713:Constitution of the United States
21833:
21816:
21799:
21782:
21765:
21748:
21731:
21703:
21691:
21679:
21558:
21525:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
21309:National unicameral legislatures
20923:Democratic Republic of the Congo
18981:Government Accountability Office
14480:Official Congressional Directory
14099:Gov. Accountability Office (GAO)
12410:
11836:
11797:
11767:
11758:
11710:
11701:
11688:
11603:
11592:
11538:Lipton, Eric (January 9, 2014).
11531:
11500:
11474:
11455:
11429:
11403:
11369:
11335:
11309:
11126:Robert Preer (August 15, 2010).
11099:
11086:
10908:
10586:Janet Hook (December 22, 1997).
10313:
10249:Howard Kurtz (January 6, 2008).
9956:James Oliphant (April 9, 2008).
9875:"Election 2008: The Advertising"
9685:from the original on May 1, 2011
9319:
9293:
9257:
9121:
9112:
8931:"Remembering St. Clair's Defeat"
8922:
8866:
8675:
8655:
8617:
8604:
8561:from the original on May 1, 2011
8461:from the original on May 1, 2011
8118:from the original on May 1, 2011
8108:"Congress's Oversight Offensive"
7651:Sullivan, Kate (July 16, 2019).
6940:Nick Anderson (March 30, 2004).
6602:. March 20, 1939. Archived from
5829:from the original on May 4, 2015
5437:from the original on May 5, 2020
5074:List of United States Congresses
4745:Smaller states and bigger states
4390:Government Accountability Office
4280:constitutionally mandated report
4209:and fierce infighting, known as
4205:, and periods of deep political
3888:Government Accountability Office
3585:Territories of the United States
3330:derived from the Constitution's
2405:The Congress was created by the
2301:, composed of a lower body, the
1977:
1919:
1907:
1158:Elections by State and Territory
763:
758:
616:
472:
406:
88:may rely excessively on sources
77:
21296:List of legislatures by country
14289:Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper
13136:Arab and Middle Eastern members
13033:Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group
12568:Lists of United States Congress
12015:. Manchester University Press.
11462:House, Billy (March 18, 2023).
11376:Schwartz, John (July 9, 2011).
11261:"How to Get Our Democracy Back"
11222:William T. Blanco, ed. (2000).
11031:"Our Undemocratic Constitution"
10878:Julian E. Zelizer, ed. (2004).
9514:. June 17, 2010. Archived from
9427:. April 5, 1971. Archived from
9271:Economics: Principles in Action
8995:"Congressional Hearings: About"
8707:Susan Sachs (January 7, 1999).
8325:Dan Froomkin (March 10, 2009).
8083:. June 28, 1862. Archived from
8017:"Time Essay: Where's Congress?"
7987:"The Case for a Big Power Swap"
7952:
7707:. New York: Oxford. p. 9.
7694:
7644:
7618:
7567:
7536:
7429:
7397:
7341:
6867:
6801:
6741:
6678:
6618:
6588:
6525:
6434:
6390:
6259:
6234:
6195:
6182:
6143:
6115:
6080:
6043:
6008:
5999:
5881:. March 9, 1931. Archived from
5805:
5718:. Penguin Classics. p. 21.
5681:
4924:Civil Service Retirement System
4600:have proposed solutions to fix
3837:The congressional inquiry into
3665:Chief Justice William Rehnquist
3319:Article One of the Constitution
3198:and the election of members of
3188:confirmation of Clarence Thomas
3109:
2866:
2793:
2634:
2360:. It is also required that the
1820:United Nations Security Council
1723:District of Columbia Government
21222:Confederate States (1862–1865)
20624:Separation of church and state
18840:National Reconnaissance Office
18783:President of the United States
17966:List of U.S. state legislators
14391:Congressional Research Service
14138:Congr. Workplace Rights (OCWR)
13141:Asian Pacific American members
12077:Reelection Rates of Incumbents
11621:Congressional Research Service
11070:. Policy Today. Archived from
10163:Ruth Marcus (August 8, 2007).
9994:. May 19, 2009. Archived from
9848:Jean Merl (October 18, 2000).
9812:Thomas, Evan (April 4, 2008).
9716:. May 17, 1971. Archived from
9267:; Sheffrin, Steven M. (2003).
9188:Congressional Research Service
9132:. Princeton University Press.
8053:. June 1, 1970. Archived from
8023:. May 22, 1972. Archived from
7936:. June 1, 1970. Archived from
7899:. June 1, 1970. Archived from
6725:. May 21, 1965. Archived from
5619:. Cambridge University Press.
5357:Congressional Research Service
5344:
5277:
5250:
5220:
5184:
4657:
4100:Congressional Research Service
4090:Congressional Research Service
4084:Congressional Research Service
3956:House Ways and Means Committee
3860:Senate intelligence committees
3519:
3035:Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act
2402:an unlimited number of times.
936:United States Attorney General
902:President of the United States
62:For the current Congress, see
13:
1:
16603:Lists of former House members
14626:Surrender of General Burgoyne
13983:Old Brick Capitol (1815–1819)
13146:Asian Pacific American Caucus
12739:Lost re-election in a primary
12475:Congress of the Confederation
12459:U.S. House of Representatives
11886:
11507:Lui, Kevin (March 17, 2017).
10915:Norman, Jim (June 13, 2016).
10687:. Gallup. February 17, 2009.
10508:Maki Becker (June 17, 1994).
10363:"The Federalist Paper No. 52"
10165:"Attack Ads You'll Be Seeing"
9604:Brian Kalish (May 19, 2008).
8960:Frank Askin (July 21, 2007).
8263:Eric Cantor (July 30, 2009).
7871:Steve Holland (May 1, 2009).
7143:John Fritze (March 2, 2009).
6150:Van Alstyne, William (1969).
4972:
4816:
4785:
4225:
4165:Lobbying in the United States
3913:The second committee room at
3898:
3413:North Korean invasion of 1950
3359:is one of Congress's primary
3266:
3172:second-wave feminism movement
3020:Federal Election Campaign Act
2930:, ratified on April 8, 1913.
2926:of senators according to the
2876:
2682:Congress of the Confederation
2411:Congress of the Confederation
2247:Common good constitutionalism
1080:Alien Terrorist Removal Court
232:Congress of the Confederation
18:Congress of the United States
18986:Government Publishing Office
18454:Technological and industrial
14633:Surrender of Lord Cornwallis
14576:The Apotheosis of Washington
14310:Chief Administrative Officer
14148:Gov. Publishing Office (GPO)
12279:Struble, Robert Jr. (2007).
12205:The Congressional Experience
10479:"References about diffname".
10017:John Balzar (May 24, 2006).
9843:"References about diffname".
9675:Boston University Law Review
8962:"Congress's Power To Compel"
7875:. Reuters UK. Archived from
7278:. Houghton Mifflin Company.
6364:. Houghton Mifflin Company.
6054:. Houghton Mifflin Company.
5475:. Indiana University Press.
5177:
4937:officials in other nations.
4794:political science professor
4568:Citizens and representatives
4192:United States Capitol Police
3874:
2875:The United States Congress,
2804:peaceful transition of power
2354:single-member constituencies
1070:Court of International Trade
281:Senate president pro tempore
156:118th United States Congress
64:118th United States Congress
7:
20458:Women's reproductive health
19424:Federally recognized tribes
19287:Public utilities commission
19191:Public Health Service Corps
19094:Code of Federal Regulations
18976:Congressional Budget Office
18830:Central Intelligence Agency
18736:Water supply and sanitation
18163:Declaration of Independence
14798:Health and Fitness Facility
14590:Declaration of Independence
13359:Killed or wounded in office
13180:Congressional Jewish Caucus
13153:Hispanic and Latino members
12358:, Indiana University Press.
12323:Ritchie, Donald A. (2022).
12294:Zelizer, Julian E. (2004).
12186:. Oxford University Press.
12159:Oleszek, Walter J. (2004).
12074:Huckabee, David C. (2003).
11938:Alexander Hamilton (1788).
10656:. The Gallup Organization.
9128:Schiller, Wendy J. (2000).
8672:, viewed September 3, 2015.
5776:Alexander Hamilton (1788).
5042:
4727:Smith, Roberts & Wielen
4236:
4158:
4145:Economic and Budget Outlook
4122:Congressional Budget Office
4116:Congressional Budget Office
4110:Congressional Budget Office
3772:resigned from office after
3562:Necessary and Proper Clause
3332:Necessary and Proper Clause
3215:Voting Rights Act that year
3180:political action committees
3024:Political action committees
2997:Congress enacted Johnson's
2810:, 4th chief justice of the
2784:Democratic-Republican Party
2674:Declaration of Independence
2670:Second Continental Congress
2521:Scholar and representative
2444:
2350:Reapportionment Act of 1929
2141:Right to keep and bear arms
10:
21924:
21227:Czechoslovakia (1920–1939)
19636:Red states and blue states
19541:City commission government
19536:Council–manager government
14212:Interparliamentary Affairs
14133:Congr. Budget Office (CBO)
13769:Riddick's Senate Procedure
13196:Gender and sexual identity
12224:Sanbonmatsu, Kira (2020).
12180:Polsby, Nelson W. (2004).
12051:Herrnson, Paul S. (2004).
12013:The United States Congress
11818:10.4135/cqresrre1952042500
11226:. University of Michigan.
9638:Susan Page (May 9, 2006).
9327:Washington Representatives
8743:"Kings in the White House"
8648:November 11, 2017, at the
7564:", viewed January 9, 2015.
7560:November 11, 2017, at the
6976:"Taking an Ax to the PACs"
6092:November 14, 2017, at the
4977:Members of Congress enjoy
4959:
4954:cost-of-living adjustments
4895:
4846:McDonnell v. United States
4835:
4820:
4602:gerrymandering in the U.S.
4558:U.S. Congress and citizens
4555:
4511:. Members insert a voting
4302:
4263:
4229:
4189:
4162:
4113:
4087:
4072:forces in 1814 during the
4025:
3985:
3902:
3878:
3803:of federal legislation in
3687:The Constitution provides
3663:in 1999, presided over by
3633:
3582:
3306:, investigating President
3304:Senate Watergate Committee
3259:
3192:2016 presidential election
2839:(1877–1901) was marked by
2662:First Continental Congress
2627:
2623:
2490:while the House initiates
2376:every ten years using the
2151:Criminal procedural rights
662:United States Constitution
61:
21638:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
21567:
21556:
21365:
21304:
21273:
21260:FR Yugoslavia (1992–2003)
21209:
21191:
21151:
20843:
20725:
20645:
20471:
20344:
20276:
19929:
19925:
19916:
19864:
19729:
19720:
19616:
19587:
19564:
19503:
19470:
19461:
19404:
19392:Comparison of governments
19367:
19330:
19307:
19223:
19203:
19134:
19072:
18994:
18917:
18775:
18766:
18762:
18753:
18475:
18466:
18411:
18371:Post-Cold War (1991–2008)
18212:drafting and ratification
18185:Articles of Confederation
18098:
18032:
18023:
17960:
17772:
17690:
16886:
16859:
16773:
16747:
16656:
16598:
16562:
16512:
15649:
14924:
14883:
14841:
14818:Old Supreme Court Chamber
14783:
14733:
14698:
14687:
14531:Congressional Prayer Room
14511:
14448:
14379:
14297:
14246:
14239:
14194:
14168:
14161:
14084:
14080:
14062:
14012:
13978:Congress Hall (1790–1800)
13929:
13920:
13894:
13812:
13691:
13502:
13476:
13400:
13396:
13385:
13324:Current members by wealth
13311:
13259:
13243:
13195:
13106:
13088:
13081:
13055:
13008:
12924:
12917:
12757:
12749:Elected but did not serve
12699:
12636:
12600:
12593:
12589:
12576:
12533:
12486:
12479:
12471:
12011:English, Ross M. (2003).
11921:. PBS. October 10, 2009.
11707:English (2003), pp. 24–25
11615:October 14, 2022, at the
11029:Sanford Levinson (2006).
9303:. Cbo.gov. Archived from
9184:Committee Types and Roles
9109:English (2003), pp. 46–47
8694:October 14, 2007, at the
8668:January 14, 2021, at the
7781:"Congress and the Dollar"
7549:January 14, 2021, at the
7504:. Retrieved June 13, 2013
7500:January 14, 2021, at the
7481:. Retrieved June 13, 2013
7477:January 14, 2021, at the
7442:January 14, 2021, at the
7410:January 14, 2021, at the
7374:January 14, 2021, at the
7358:. Retrieved June 30, 2013
7354:January 14, 2021, at the
6461:10.1017/S089803062000024X
6449:Journal of Policy History
6398:"The Congress: 72nd Made"
6104:January 14, 2021, at the
6025:"The Convention Timeline"
5760:. PBS. October 10, 2009.
5166:Congress does not take a
4838:Revolving door (politics)
4185:
4048:in Washington, D.C.; the
3778:House Judiciary Committee
3552:Implicit, commerce clause
3324:Constitutional amendments
3255:
2942:reforms according to the
2768:Anti-Administration Party
2678:Articles of Confederation
2569:intermediary institutions
2555:House seats according to
2425:, and only rarely with a
2305:, and an upper body, the
1511:List of political parties
660:
655:
644:
639:
624:
615:
610:
594:
578:
562:
546:
541:
480:
471:
414:
405:
375:
370:
347:
324:
301:
278:
252:
247:
237:
227:
208:
203:
189:
175:
170:
161:
154:
147:
21648:Turks and Caicos Islands
21245:Soviet Union (1938–1991)
21178:Northern Mariana Islands
20411:Prescription drug prices
19531:Mayor–council government
19521:Coterminous municipality
19511:Consolidated city-county
19277:Agriculture commissioner
18927:House of Representatives
18835:National Security Agency
18485:Contiguous United States
17731:Northern Mariana Islands
16537:Northern Mariana Islands
14917:United States congresses
14111:Architect of the Capitol
13973:Federal Hall (1789–1790)
13114:African-American members
12538:House of Representatives
12484:March 4, 1789 – present
12371:Senate Historical Office
12354:Hamilton, Lee H. (2004)
12201:Price, David E. (2000).
11991:Congress and Its Members
11942:. FoundingFathers.info.
11806:"Congressional Immunity"
9484:. United States Senate.
6566:"The Congress: The 76th"
6243:Congress and Its Members
5875:"The Presidency: Vetoes"
5780:. FoundingFathers.info.
5469:Lee H. Hamilton (2004).
5109:
4985:in all cases except for
4942:Twenty-seventh Amendment
4832:Outside income and gifts
4770:Members and constituents
4621:for their re-election."
3961:
3615:Northern Mariana Islands
3510:American Bar Association
3459:is usually delegated to
3239:became the first female
3116:Northern Mariana Islands
2535:most representative body
2222:Political process theory
1914:United States portal
1426:Northern Mariana Islands
774:House of Representatives
634:United States of America
598:House of Representatives
566:House of Representatives
483:House of Representatives
198:House of Representatives
66:. For the building, see
39:latest accepted revision
20496:Criticism of government
19841:Social welfare programs
19434:State-recognized tribes
18419:Outline of U.S. history
18131:Continental Association
16608:List of former senators
14661:Washington at Princeton
14605:Apotheosis of Democracy
14025:Congressional Quarterly
13714:Executive communication
13704:Blue slip (U.S. Senate)
13661:Suspension of the rules
13187:Native American members
12613:By shortness of service
11963:. Simon & Schuster.
11642:The Wall Street Journal
11163:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
8623:U.S. State Department,
8586:The Wall Street Journal
7731:Eric Patashnik (2004).
7493:Carrie Dann, NBC News,
7450:60 percent of Americans
7382:60 percent of Americans
7111:"Running with the PACs"
6294:"Illegal Health Reform"
5946:"Illegal Health Reform"
5802:English (2003), pp. 5–6
5431:"How Our Laws Are Made"
5022:Speech or Debate Clause
4979:parliamentary privilege
4933:The Wall Street Journal
4858:told Harvard professor
4792:University of Rochester
4563:Advantage of incumbency
4519:indicated by green and
4213:. The period after the
3774:impeachment proceedings
3477:warrantless wiretapping
3457:Congressional oversight
3250:
3241:President of the Senate
2924:direct popular election
2748:(1910s–1960s), and the
2668:. On July 4, 1776, the
2362:congressional districts
2217:Substantive due process
1643:Individualist anarchism
815:Congressional districts
342:since October 25, 2023
319:since January 20, 2021
255:President of the Senate
21903:Bicameral legislatures
21718:United States Congress
21598:British Virgin Islands
20755:Bosnia and Herzegovina
20558:Environmental movement
20401:Health insurance costs
20296:Educational attainment
19821:Federal Reserve System
19779:Science and technology
19282:Insurance commissioner
18820:Intelligence Community
18515:minor outlying islands
18278:Civil rights movement
16861:United States Congress
14828:Webster Page Residence
14803:House Recording Studio
14647:Revolutionary War Door
14408:Register of Copyrights
13989:Biographical Directory
13458:"Necessary and Proper"
12998:Policy Committee Chair
12976:Policy Committee Chair
12527:United States Congress
12406:
12386:Listen to this article
12285:. TeLL. Archived from
11845:"Contempt of Congress"
11764:Davidson (2006), p. 17
11114:congressional district
10193:"Ads, Ads Everywhere!"
10191:(September 20, 2006).
9451:"News from Washington"
8630:June 21, 2022, at the
8479:Davidson (2006), p. 19
8451:"Making Congress Moot"
8327:"Playing by the Rules"
7770:Davidson (2006), p. 18
7701:Epps, Garrett (2013).
6626:"Congress: New Houses"
6201:Elisabeth S. Clemens,
6188:Margaret S. Thompson,
5821:James Madison (1787).
5054:Congressional Archives
4908:branches of government
4891:
4751:Connecticut Compromise
4730:
4672:
4577:
4457:reconciliation process
4334:
4322:
4284:Speech from the Throne
4102:
4037:
3940:
3921:
3813:was envisioned by the
3760:in 2019 and 2021. The
3685:
3667:
3652:
3579:Territorial government
3315:
3295:
3280:
3152:women's domestic roles
3125:Committee of the Whole
2976:Conservative Coalition
2909:
2898:
2889:A historical graph of
2882:
2816:judicial review in law
2706:Connecticut Compromise
2657:
2541:
2528:Supreme Court justices
2476:
2464:
2287:United States Congress
2242:Strict constructionism
2146:Right to trial by jury
2136:Freedom of association
1780:Diplomatic missions of
1658:Political polarization
1128:Presidential elections
752:United States Congress
696:
365:since January 3, 2023
304:Senate Majority Leader
296:since January 3, 2023
149:United States Congress
21908:National legislatures
21869:38.88972°N 77.00889°W
21515:Saint Kitts and Nevis
21319:National upper houses
21314:National lower houses
21217:Venezuela (1811-1999)
20928:Republic of the Congo
20384:Immigrant health care
19899:Transportation safety
19894:Transportation policy
19884:Public transportation
18954:President pro tempore
18810:Executive departments
18579:National Park Service
18234:Territorial evolution
17774:Legislative elections
14153:Technology Assessment
13574:Dear Colleague letter
13569:Continuing resolution
13564:Concurrent resolution
13043:Republican Conference
12983:Republican Conference
12944:President pro tempore
12676:Born outside the U.S.
12405:
12335:The American Congress
11804:Brewer, F.M. (1952).
11010:on September 25, 2009
9353:The American Congress
9156:. U.S. Senate. 2010.
8611:Executive Order 13423
7470:Wall Street Journal,
6885:on December 22, 2008.
6431:English (2003), p. 14
6410:on September 30, 2008
6152:"A Critical Guide to
5200:. November 14, 2012.
4708:
4682:The Federalist Papers
4668:The Federalist Papers
4665:
4575:
4328:
4316:
4299:Bills and resolutions
4097:
4035:
4002:president pro tempore
3934:
3912:
3733:War Powers Resolution
3713:Franklin D. Roosevelt
3676:
3658:
3646:United States Capitol
3643:
3572:McCulloch v. Maryland
3407:, although President
3301:
3286:
3274:
3140:Burning of Washington
3132:attacked the building
2953:ushered in President
2928:Seventeenth Amendment
2904:
2888:
2874:
2818:in the landmark case
2806:between the parties.
2782:; it soon became the
2642:
2600:likelihood of winning
2532:
2470:
2459:
2311:United States Capitol
855:President Pro Tempore
695:
626:United States Capitol
350:House Majority Leader
68:United States Capitol
20553:Environmental issues
20218:Political ideologies
20117:Indigenous languages
19317:List of legislatures
19114:separation of powers
18815:Independent agencies
18741:World Heritage Sites
18376:September 11 attacks
18299:Spanish–American War
18239:Mexican–American War
18195:Confederation period
18126:Continental Congress
17701:District of Columbia
16877:United States Senate
16527:District of Columbia
14717:Mountains and Clouds
14473:Congressional Record
14330:Floor Services Chief
14217:Law Revision Counsel
13968:Continental Congress
13463:Power of enforcement
13426:Contempt of Congress
13329:From multiple states
13282:Mormon (LDS) members
13090:Congressional caucus
12734:Served a single term
12666:Expelled or censured
12608:By length of service
12437:More spoken articles
12300:. Houghton Mifflin.
12243:10.1162/daed_a_01772
11972:. Ballantine Books.
11901:. October 28, 1996.
11779:www.rules.senate.gov
11698:156 (D.C. Cir. 1994)
11074:on November 20, 2009
10715:on September 5, 2009
10399:on September 5, 2009
10085:. October 25, 1992.
9720:on December 21, 2008
9575:"PAC's Remain a Pox"
9518:on November 10, 2010
9431:on December 21, 2008
8492:(January 17, 1916).
7966:on December 26, 2010
7578:. The Conversation.
6729:on February 20, 2008
6543:on December 15, 2008
6014:English (2003), p. 8
6005:English (2003), p. 7
5811:Collier (1986), p. 5
5037:contempt of Congress
4687:Public opinion polls
4652:negative advertising
4449:conference committee
4410:house. If a bill is
4219:political scientists
4062:Fort Meade, Maryland
4060:facility located in
3972:independent fiefdoms
3848:contempt of Congress
3534:Fifteenth Amendments
3397:Spanish–American War
3393:Mexican–American War
2861:Joseph Gurney Cannon
2853:Speaker of the House
2732:Political scientist
2723:separation of powers
2680:in 1781 created the
2618:District of Columbia
2497:The House initiates
2307:United States Senate
2191:Comprehensible rules
2161:Freedom from slavery
2121:Freedom of the press
2065:Government structure
2027:Separation of powers
1971:of the United States
1784:in the United States
1524:Political ideologies
1148:Presidential primary
327:Speaker of the House
21874:38.88972; -77.00889
21865: /
21535:Trinidad and Tobago
21375:Antigua and Barbuda
21235:Estonia (1938–1940)
21118:Trinidad and Tobago
20858:Antigua and Barbuda
20396:Health care finance
19889:Rail transportation
19655:Imperial presidency
19377:State constitutions
19322:List of legislators
19272:Auditor/Comptroller
19245:Lieutenant governor
18971:Library of Congress
18862:Diplomatic Security
18505:Indian reservations
18168:American Revolution
17763:U.S. Virgin Islands
16801:U.S. Forest Service
16590:Southwest Territory
16575:Northwest Territory
16547:U.S. Virgin Islands
14919:(and year convened)
14741:Building Commission
14222:Legislative Counsel
14143:Library of Congress
14104:Comptroller General
14094:Congressional staff
13779:Senatorial courtesy
13168:Hispanic Conference
12583:Members and leaders
12140:The Washington Post
11858:. January 1, 1957.
11574:The Washington Post
11487:The Washington Post
11436:Leonard, Kimberly.
11194:The Washington Post
10973:"It Could Be Worse"
10853:The Washington Post
10823:The Washington Post
10633:on January 14, 2021
10539:The Washington Post
10255:The Washington Post
10222:The Washington Post
10203:on January 14, 2021
10197:The Washington Post
10169:The Washington Post
9998:on January 22, 2010
9929:The Washington Post
9879:The Washington Post
9784:The Washington Post
9512:The Washington Post
9461:on October 10, 2017
9395:The Washington Post
9307:on December 5, 2010
9206:Library of Congress
8966:The Washington Post
8687:John Charles Thomas
8529:The Huffington Post
8455:The Washington Post
8424:The Washington Post
8337:on January 14, 2021
8331:The Washington Post
8300:The Washington Post
8269:The Washington Post
8112:The Washington Post
8087:on October 10, 2017
7555:The House Explained
7050:The Washington Post
6986:on October 29, 2010
6789:on January 31, 2011
6696:on October 14, 2010
6666:on October 14, 2010
6636:on October 14, 2010
6513:on October 27, 2010
6298:The Washington Post
6222:on November 1, 2012
5950:The Washington Post
5739:The Washington Post
5663:The Washington Post
5168:grammatical article
4995:breach of the peace
4983:freedom from arrest
4946:Boehner v. Anderson
4612:Expensive campaigns
4606:franking privileges
4394:standing committees
4371:appropriation bills
4028:Library of Congress
4022:Library of Congress
3937:Library of Congress
3892:Library of Congress
3689:checks and balances
3630:Checks and balances
3611:U.S. Virgin Islands
3369:appropriation bills
3347:Sixteenth Amendment
3226:Carol Moseley Braun
3074:U.S. Virgin Islands
3063:real estate brokers
2944:Twentieth Amendment
2744:(1830s–1900s), the
2740:(1780s–1820s), the
2462:Library of Congress
2327:U.S. vice president
2207:Living Constitution
2126:Freedom of assembly
2111:Freedom of religion
1926:Politics portal
1761:Department of State
1436:U.S. Virgin Islands
239:New session started
29:Page version status
21440:Dominican Republic
21240:Serbia (1901–1903)
20938:Dominican Republic
20506:affirmative action
20479:Capital punishment
20438:Poverty and health
20433:Physician shortage
20406:Health care prices
20336:Standard of living
20019:standard of living
19826:Financial position
19453:Hawaiian home land
19441:Indian reservation
19414:Tribal sovereignty
19257:Secretary of state
19126:United States Code
19042:Territorial courts
19014:Associate Justices
18899:Inspector generals
18386:War in Afghanistan
18249:Reconstruction era
18116:Stamp Act Congress
17692:Other legislatures
16888:State legislatures
14930:
14813:Old Senate Chamber
14679:VP Bust Collection
14503:United States Code
14435:Jefferson Building
14128:Cap. Guide Service
13995:Divided government
13912:Seal of the Senate
13876:Select and special
13841:Discharge petition
13794:Tie-breaking votes
13759:Recess appointment
13699:Advice and consent
13579:Discharge petition
13522:Appropriation bill
13431:Declaration of war
12623:Non-voting members
12407:
12289:on April 14, 2016.
12209:. Westview Press.
11544:The New York Times
11515:. Washington D.C.
11382:The New York Times
11348:The New York Times
11092:Charles L. Clapp,
10495:on August 27, 2013
10429:on August 27, 2013
9579:The New York Times
9455:The New York Times
9265:O'Sullivan, Arthur
8904:The New York Times
8713:The New York Times
8661:The Green Papers,
8557:. CBS News. 2010.
8498:The New York Times
8490:Kincaid, J. Leslie
8393:The New York Times
8265:"Obama's 32 Czars"
8081:The New York Times
8057:on August 22, 2013
7997:on August 13, 2013
7940:on August 22, 2013
7903:on August 22, 2013
7879:on January 3, 2011
7816:The New York Times
7242:The New York Times
7014:The New York Times
6576:on August 26, 2010
6154:Marbury v. Madison
6123:Chemerinsky, Erwin
5885:on August 12, 2013
5291:. March 23, 2023.
5122:Independent Sens.
4912:health care market
4673:
4578:
4552:Public interaction
4335:
4323:
4276:State of the Union
4103:
4054:Culpeper, Virginia
4038:
4010:for the time being
3968:discharge petition
3941:
3922:
3839:St. Clair's Defeat
3819:Alexander Hamilton
3806:Marbury v. Madison
3705:Theodore Roosevelt
3668:
3653:
3556:Congress also has
3489:signing statements
3409:Theodore Roosevelt
3356:power of the purse
3316:
3296:
3281:
3277:power of the purse
3160:widow's succession
3012:Board of Education
2955:Franklin Roosevelt
2910:
2899:
2883:
2821:Marbury v. Madison
2788:First Party System
2780:Alexander Hamilton
2698:Convention of 1787
2658:
2643:The 1940 portrait
2577:civic associations
2477:
2465:
2396:citizen of the U.S
2331:non-voting members
2309:. It meets in the
2227:Judicial restraint
2186:Right to candidacy
2073:Legislative branch
1969:Constitutional law
1768:Secretary of State
1138:Off-year elections
1120:National Elections
827:Non-voting members
705:Federal government
697:
397:non-voting members
382:535 voting members
212:March 4, 1789
35:
21667:
21666:
21661:
21660:
21653:US Virgin Islands
21327:
21326:
21250:Texas (1836–1845)
21155:other territories
20943:Equatorial Guinea
20681:
20680:
20641:
20640:
20637:
20636:
20607:National security
20316:Income inequality
20196:Statue of Liberty
19999:income inequality
19912:
19911:
19904:Trucking industry
19716:
19715:
19712:
19711:
19643:Foreign relations
19631:Electoral College
19612:
19611:
19400:
19399:
19352:District attorney
19199:
19198:
19026:Courts of appeals
18749:
18748:
18462:
18461:
18403:COVID-19 pandemic
18356:Feminist Movement
18202:American frontier
18121:Thirteen Colonies
17982:
17981:
16819:
16818:
16781:African-Americans
16616:
16615:
16580:Orleans Territory
15608:
15607:
15603:
15602:
14870:
14869:
14866:
14865:
14862:
14861:
14779:
14778:
14583:Statue of Freedom
14547:Statue of Freedom
14526:Brumidi Corridors
14498:Statutes at Large
14452:Publishing Office
14375:
14374:
14235:
14234:
14058:
14057:
14054:
14053:
14008:
14007:
13956:election disputes
13944:speaker elections
13907:Mace of the House
13754:Presiding Officer
13719:Executive session
13666:Unanimous consent
13626:Multiple referral
13611:Lame-duck session
13381:
13380:
13377:
13376:
13307:
13306:
13107:Ethnic and racial
13051:
13050:
13038:Democratic Caucus
12961:Democratic Caucus
12913:
12912:
12494:
12493:
12487:Succeeded by
12403:
12346:978-0-521-19704-5
12121:on April 29, 2011
11623:, August 8, 2019.
10592:Los Angeles Times
10567:Los Angeles Times
10514:Los Angeles Times
10454:Los Angeles Times
10083:Los Angeles Times
10023:Los Angeles Times
9962:Los Angeles Times
9904:Los Angeles Times
9854:Los Angeles Times
9336:978-1-880873-55-7
9091:on April 20, 2011
9032:on August 7, 2010
9001:on August 9, 2010
8906:. March 6, 1851.
8362:Los Angeles Times
8180:on August 1, 2008
8174:Los Angeles Times
7852:Los Angeles Times
7714:978-0-19-938971-1
7121:on April 29, 2011
7084:Los Angeles Times
6946:Los Angeles Times
6606:on April 29, 2011
6272:Bipartisan Policy
6136:978-1-4548-4947-6
5234:. March 3, 2023.
4999:freedom of speech
4881:, such as in the
3932:
3823:Federalist No. 78
3794:filling a vacancy
3498:George H. W. Bush
3485:unitary executive
3365:regulate commerce
3314:from 1973 to 1974
3312:Watergate scandal
3291:Bon Homme Richard
3211:voter suppression
3196:Year of the Woman
3168:financial support
3156:inability to vote
3146:Women in Congress
3008:Bruce J. Schulman
3003:Watergate Scandal
2895:Senate filibuster
2734:Julian E. Zelizer
2714:federal structure
2666:Thirteen Colonies
2651:George Washington
2573:political parties
2457:
2415:two major parties
2407:U.S. Constitution
2283:
2282:
2131:Right to petition
2116:Freedom of speech
2103:Individual rights
2057:Tiers of scrutiny
2032:Individual rights
1963:
1962:
1802:Visa requirements
1754:Foreign relations
1653:Political culture
1593:Constitutionalism
1471:Political parties
1456:List of Elections
1143:Primary elections
1133:Midterm elections
1055:Courts of appeals
683:
668:
667:
141:
140:
133:
47:27 September 2024
26:
16:(Redirected from
21915:
21880:
21879:
21877:
21876:
21875:
21870:
21866:
21863:
21862:
21861:
21858:
21846:
21838:
21837:
21836:
21829:
21828:from Wikiversity
21821:
21820:
21819:
21812:
21804:
21803:
21802:
21795:
21787:
21786:
21785:
21778:
21770:
21769:
21768:
21761:
21753:
21752:
21751:
21744:
21736:
21735:
21734:
21724:
21708:
21707:
21696:
21695:
21684:
21683:
21682:
21675:
21633:Saint Barthélemy
21613:Falkland Islands
21562:
21367:Sovereign states
21354:
21347:
21340:
21331:
21330:
20708:
20701:
20694:
20685:
20684:
20661:
20654:
20541:African American
20423:Health insurance
20311:Household income
20181:National symbols
20112:American English
20085:Federal holidays
19994:household income
19927:
19926:
19923:
19922:
19727:
19726:
19665:Anti-Americanism
19589:Special district
19516:Independent city
19485:County executive
19468:
19467:
19262:Attorney general
19221:
19220:
19210:Federal District
18793:Executive Office
18773:
18772:
18764:
18763:
18760:
18759:
18520:populated places
18500:federal enclaves
18495:federal district
18473:
18472:
18336:American Century
18319:Great Depression
18314:Roaring Twenties
18274:Women's suffrage
18153:Halifax Resolves
18146:Founding Fathers
18141:military history
18106:Pre-colonial era
18030:
18029:
18009:
18002:
17995:
17986:
17985:
17975:
17968:
17953:
17946:
17939:
17932:
17925:
17918:
17911:
17904:
17897:
17890:
17883:
17876:
17869:
17862:
17855:
17848:
17841:
17834:
17827:
17820:
17813:
17806:
17799:
17792:
17785:
17765:
17758:
17742:
17726:
17719:
17703:
17683:
17667:
17651:
17635:
17619:
17603:
17587:
17571:
17555:
17539:
17523:
17507:
17491:
17475:
17459:
17443:
17427:
17411:
17395:
17379:
17363:
17347:
17331:
17315:
17308:
17292:
17276:
17260:
17244:
17228:
17212:
17196:
17180:
17164:
17148:
17132:
17116:
17100:
17084:
17068:
17052:
17036:
17020:
17004:
16988:
16972:
16956:
16940:
16924:
16908:
16879:
16872:
16846:
16839:
16832:
16823:
16822:
16643:
16636:
16629:
16620:
16619:
16570:Dakota Territory
15635:
15628:
15621:
15612:
15611:
14927:
14926:
14910:
14903:
14896:
14887:
14886:
14874:
14873:
14696:
14695:
14513:Capitol Building
14487:U.S. Gov. Manual
14440:Madison Building
14403:Copyright Office
14367:Sergeant at Arms
14325:Floor Operations
14244:
14243:
14166:
14165:
14082:
14081:
14064:
14063:
13927:
13926:
13744:Morning business
13631:House procedures
13594:Joint resolution
13398:
13397:
13387:
13386:
13267:Buddhist members
13086:
13085:
12922:
12921:
12744:Switched parties
12691:Switched parties
12628:Unseated members
12618:Youngest members
12598:
12597:
12591:
12590:
12578:
12577:
12520:
12513:
12506:
12497:
12496:
12472:Preceded by
12469:
12468:
12455:
12450:
12449:
12447:Official website
12427:
12425:
12414:
12413:
12404:
12394:
12392:
12387:
12350:
12338:
12311:
12290:
12275:
12273:
12271:
12245:
12220:
12208:
12197:
12176:
12155:
12153:
12151:
12130:
12128:
12126:
12120:
12113:
12103:
12101:
12099:
12070:
12058:
12047:
12045:
12043:
12026:
12006:
11994:
11983:
11964:
11955:
11953:
11951:
11934:
11932:
11930:
11914:
11912:
11910:
11880:
11879:
11877:
11875:
11847:
11840:
11834:
11833:
11831:
11829:
11801:
11795:
11794:
11792:
11790:
11771:
11765:
11762:
11756:
11755:
11753:
11751:
11725:
11719:
11718:
11714:
11708:
11705:
11699:
11692:
11686:
11685:
11683:
11681:
11667:
11658:
11657:
11655:
11653:
11633:
11624:
11607:
11601:
11600:
11596:
11590:
11589:
11587:
11585:
11566:
11560:
11559:
11557:
11555:
11535:
11529:
11528:
11526:
11524:
11504:
11498:
11497:
11495:
11493:
11478:
11472:
11471:
11459:
11453:
11452:
11450:
11448:
11442:Business Insider
11433:
11427:
11426:
11424:
11422:
11407:
11401:
11400:
11398:
11396:
11373:
11367:
11366:
11364:
11362:
11339:
11333:
11332:
11330:
11328:
11313:
11307:
11306:
11301:
11299:
11283:
11277:
11276:
11274:
11272:
11256:
11250:
11249:
11247:
11245:
11219:
11210:
11209:
11207:
11205:
11185:
11179:
11178:
11176:
11174:
11154:
11148:
11147:
11145:
11143:
11123:
11117:
11103:
11097:
11090:
11084:
11083:
11081:
11079:
11063:
11057:
11056:
11054:
11052:
11026:
11020:
11019:
11017:
11015:
10999:
10993:
10992:
10990:
10988:
10983:on July 30, 2010
10979:. Archived from
10977:The New Republic
10968:
10962:
10961:
10959:
10957:
10942:
10933:
10932:
10930:
10928:
10912:
10906:
10905:
10903:
10901:
10875:
10869:
10868:
10866:
10864:
10845:
10839:
10838:
10836:
10834:
10814:
10808:
10807:
10805:
10803:
10783:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10770:
10749:
10747:
10745:
10724:
10722:
10720:
10700:
10698:
10696:
10680:
10676:
10670:
10669:
10667:
10665:
10649:
10643:
10642:
10640:
10638:
10619:
10610:
10607:
10605:
10603:
10582:
10580:
10578:
10561:(July 8, 1986).
10554:
10552:
10550:
10529:
10527:
10525:
10504:
10502:
10500:
10480:
10476:
10470:
10469:
10467:
10465:
10445:
10439:
10438:
10436:
10434:
10415:
10409:
10408:
10406:
10404:
10385:
10379:
10378:
10376:
10374:
10358:
10349:
10348:
10346:
10344:
10338:
10327:
10317:
10311:
10310:
10308:
10306:
10280:
10271:
10270:
10268:
10266:
10246:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10233:
10212:
10210:
10208:
10199:. Archived from
10184:
10182:
10180:
10159:
10157:
10155:
10134:
10132:
10130:
10109:
10105:
10099:
10098:
10096:
10094:
10075:
10069:
10068:
10066:
10064:
10045:
10039:
10038:
10036:
10034:
10014:
10008:
10007:
10005:
10003:
9984:
9978:
9977:
9975:
9973:
9953:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9940:
9919:
9917:
9915:
9894:
9892:
9890:
9869:
9867:
9865:
9844:
9840:
9834:
9833:
9831:
9829:
9809:
9800:
9799:
9797:
9795:
9775:
9766:
9765:
9763:
9761:
9741:
9730:
9729:
9727:
9725:
9706:
9695:
9694:
9692:
9690:
9666:
9660:
9659:
9657:
9655:
9635:
9626:
9625:
9623:
9621:
9601:
9595:
9594:
9592:
9590:
9570:
9559:
9558:
9556:
9554:
9534:
9528:
9527:
9525:
9523:
9504:
9498:
9497:
9495:
9493:
9477:
9471:
9470:
9468:
9466:
9447:
9441:
9440:
9438:
9436:
9417:
9411:
9410:
9408:
9406:
9386:
9380:
9379:
9377:
9375:
9347:
9341:
9340:
9323:
9317:
9316:
9314:
9312:
9297:
9291:
9290:
9274:
9261:
9255:
9254:
9252:
9250:
9244:
9237:
9229:
9223:
9222:
9220:
9218:
9197:
9191:
9181:
9170:
9169:
9167:
9165:
9150:
9144:
9143:
9125:
9119:
9116:
9110:
9107:
9101:
9100:
9098:
9096:
9081:
9042:
9041:
9039:
9037:
9022:
9011:
9010:
9008:
9006:
8991:
8982:
8981:
8979:
8977:
8957:
8951:
8950:
8948:
8946:
8926:
8920:
8919:
8917:
8915:
8896:
8890:
8889:
8887:
8885:
8870:
8864:
8863:
8861:
8859:
8843:
8837:
8836:
8834:
8832:
8806:
8800:
8799:
8797:
8795:
8769:
8763:
8762:
8760:
8758:
8738:
8729:
8728:
8726:
8724:
8704:
8698:
8684:
8679:
8673:
8659:
8653:
8640:
8634:
8621:
8615:
8608:
8602:
8601:
8599:
8597:
8577:
8571:
8570:
8568:
8566:
8551:
8545:
8544:
8542:
8540:
8520:
8514:
8513:
8511:
8509:
8486:
8480:
8477:
8471:
8470:
8468:
8466:
8446:
8440:
8439:
8437:
8435:
8415:
8409:
8408:
8406:
8404:
8384:
8378:
8377:
8375:
8373:
8353:
8347:
8346:
8344:
8342:
8333:. Archived from
8322:
8316:
8315:
8313:
8311:
8291:
8285:
8284:
8282:
8280:
8260:
8254:
8253:
8251:
8249:
8229:
8223:
8222:
8220:
8218:
8212:
8205:
8196:
8190:
8189:
8187:
8185:
8176:. Archived from
8165:
8159:
8158:
8156:
8154:
8134:
8128:
8127:
8125:
8123:
8103:
8097:
8096:
8094:
8092:
8073:
8067:
8066:
8064:
8062:
8043:
8037:
8036:
8034:
8032:
8013:
8007:
8006:
8004:
8002:
7993:. Archived from
7982:
7976:
7975:
7973:
7971:
7956:
7950:
7949:
7947:
7945:
7926:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7908:
7888:
7886:
7884:
7867:
7865:
7863:
7842:
7838:
7832:
7831:
7829:
7827:
7807:
7801:
7800:
7798:
7796:
7787:. May 30, 2008.
7777:
7771:
7768:
7759:
7758:
7756:
7754:
7728:
7719:
7718:
7698:
7692:
7689:Sanbonmatsu 2020
7686:
7680:
7679:, p. 44-45.
7677:Sanbonmatsu 2020
7674:
7668:
7667:
7665:
7663:
7648:
7642:
7641:
7639:
7637:
7622:
7616:
7613:Sanbonmatsu 2020
7610:
7604:
7603:, p. 42-43.
7601:Sanbonmatsu 2020
7598:
7592:
7591:
7589:
7587:
7571:
7565:
7540:
7534:
7533:
7531:
7529:
7514:
7505:
7491:
7482:
7468:
7459:
7457:
7453:
7449:
7433:
7427:
7425:
7421:
7417:
7401:
7395:
7393:
7389:
7385:
7381:
7365:
7359:
7345:
7339:
7338:
7336:
7334:
7308:
7302:
7301:
7299:
7297:
7271:
7258:
7257:
7255:
7253:
7233:
7227:
7226:
7224:
7222:
7202:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7191:
7171:
7165:
7164:
7162:
7160:
7140:
7131:
7130:
7128:
7126:
7117:. Archived from
7106:
7100:
7099:
7097:
7095:
7075:
7066:
7065:
7063:
7061:
7041:
7030:
7029:
7027:
7025:
7005:
6996:
6995:
6993:
6991:
6982:. Archived from
6971:
6962:
6961:
6959:
6957:
6937:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
6900:
6887:
6886:
6871:
6865:
6864:
6862:
6860:
6834:
6828:
6827:
6822:
6820:
6805:
6799:
6798:
6796:
6794:
6775:
6769:
6768:
6766:
6764:
6745:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6734:
6715:
6706:
6705:
6703:
6701:
6682:
6676:
6675:
6673:
6671:
6652:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6641:
6622:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6611:
6592:
6586:
6585:
6583:
6581:
6562:
6553:
6552:
6550:
6548:
6529:
6523:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6499:
6493:
6492:
6490:
6488:
6446:
6438:
6432:
6429:
6420:
6419:
6417:
6415:
6394:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6357:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6346:
6320:
6314:
6313:
6311:
6309:
6289:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:
6263:
6257:
6256:
6238:
6232:
6231:
6229:
6227:
6212:
6206:
6199:
6193:
6186:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6175:
6160:Duke Law Journal
6147:
6141:
6140:
6119:
6113:
6111:
6084:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6073:
6047:
6041:
6040:
6038:
6036:
6021:
6015:
6012:
6006:
6003:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5992:
5972:
5966:
5965:
5963:
5961:
5941:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5930:
5904:
5895:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5871:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5860:
5845:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5834:
5818:
5812:
5809:
5803:
5800:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5789:
5773:
5771:
5769:
5754:
5752:
5750:
5730:
5726:
5720:
5719:
5711:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5700:
5685:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5674:
5654:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5612:
5581:
5580:
5578:
5576:
5550:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5534:
5508:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5494:
5466:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5442:
5426:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5369:
5348:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5337:
5315:Garner, Bryan A.
5311:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5300:
5281:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5270:
5254:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5224:
5218:
5217:
5211:
5209:
5188:
5171:
5164:
5158:
5120:
5035:and is known as
4871:
4764:Sanford Levinson
4728:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4677:Founding Fathers
4542:
4538:
4489:roll-call voting
4429:
4424:enacting formula
4254:
4078:Thomas Jefferson
4017:Support services
3933:
3815:founding fathers
3811:unconstitutional
3682:
3595:Washington, D.C.
3546:equal protection
3481:power of removal
3432:
3384:executive branch
3376:national defense
3202:, respectively.
3120:floor privileges
3089:Michael Schudson
3052:
3049:million to $ 120
3048:
2988:Second Red Scare
2972:Democratic Party
2951:Great Depression
2881:
2878:
2845:Ulysses S. Grant
2800:Thomas Jefferson
2776:Thomas Jefferson
2760:anti-federalists
2752:(1970–present).
2750:contemporary era
2718:as an individual
2538:
2494:-raising bills.
2458:
2423:Republican Party
2419:Democratic Party
2401:
2315:Washington, D.C.
2275:
2268:
2261:
2171:Equal protection
2156:Right to privacy
2095:Local government
2090:State government
2078:Executive branch
1981:
1965:
1964:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1924:
1923:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1731:District Council
1714:Local government
1598:Environmentalism
962:Executive Office
957:Federal agencies
767:
762:
682:Politics of the
681:
670:
669:
651:
648:
630:Washington, D.C.
620:
605:November 5, 2024
589:November 5, 2024
573:November 8, 2022
557:November 8, 2022
535:
533:
520:
515:
502:
497:
485:political groups
476:
465:
460:
447:
442:
436:
431:
419:political groups
410:
272:January 20, 2021
228:Preceded by
223:
221:
216:
166:
145:
144:
136:
129:
125:
122:
116:
81:
73:
21:
21923:
21922:
21918:
21917:
21916:
21914:
21913:
21912:
21883:
21882:
21873:
21871:
21867:
21864:
21859:
21856:
21854:
21852:
21851:
21849:
21845:from Wikivoyage
21839:
21834:
21832:
21822:
21817:
21815:
21805:
21800:
21798:
21794:from Wikisource
21788:
21783:
21781:
21771:
21766:
21764:
21754:
21749:
21747:
21737:
21732:
21730:
21727:
21723:sister projects
21720:at Knowledge's
21714:
21702:
21690:
21680:
21678:
21670:
21668:
21663:
21662:
21657:
21572:
21563:
21554:
21361:
21358:
21328:
21323:
21300:
21291:Multicameralism
21269:
21205:
21187:
21154:
21147:
20839:
20721:
20712:
20682:
20677:
20664:
20657:
20650:
20633:
20619:Opioid epidemic
20536:Native American
20516:intersex rights
20467:
20463:Life expectancy
20453:Medical deserts
20443:Race and health
20340:
20326:Personal income
20272:
20176:National anthem
20009:personal income
19974:Economic issues
19908:
19860:
19708:
19608:
19597:School district
19583:
19566:Minor divisions
19560:
19499:
19457:
19396:
19382:Statutory codes
19363:
19326:
19303:
19213:
19208:
19195:
19130:
19087:civil liberties
19068:
19059:Other tribunals
19038:District courts
18990:
18949:current members
18932:current members
18913:
18847:Law enforcement
18745:
18458:
18407:
18398:Great Recession
18269:Progressive Era
18259:Native genocide
18190:Perpetual Union
18178:Treaty of Paris
18136:United Colonies
18094:
18019:
18013:
17983:
17978:
17971:
17964:
17956:
17949:
17942:
17935:
17928:
17921:
17914:
17907:
17900:
17893:
17886:
17879:
17872:
17865:
17858:
17851:
17844:
17837:
17830:
17823:
17816:
17809:
17802:
17795:
17788:
17781:
17768:
17761:
17745:
17729:
17722:
17706:
17699:
17686:
17670:
17654:
17638:
17622:
17606:
17590:
17574:
17558:
17542:
17526:
17510:
17494:
17478:
17462:
17446:
17430:
17414:
17398:
17382:
17366:
17350:
17334:
17318:
17311:
17295:
17279:
17263:
17247:
17231:
17215:
17199:
17183:
17167:
17151:
17135:
17119:
17103:
17087:
17071:
17055:
17039:
17023:
17007:
16991:
16975:
16959:
16943:
16927:
16911:
16895:
16882:
16875:
16868:
16855:
16850:
16820:
16815:
16769:
16743:
16652:
16647:
16617:
16612:
16594:
16558:
16508:
15645:
15639:
15609:
15604:
15599:
15546:
15490:
15434:
15378:
15322:
15266:
15210:
15154:
15098:
15042:
14986:
14920:
14914:
14879:
14871:
14858:
14837:
14785:
14775:
14729:
14690:
14683:
14560:Hall of Columns
14507:
14451:
14444:
14382:
14371:
14352:Parliamentarian
14293:
14284:Parliamentarian
14231:
14190:
14157:
14086:
14076:
14069:Capitol Complex
14050:
14004:
14000:Party divisions
13916:
13890:
13808:
13692:Senate-specific
13687:
13542:Closed sessions
13510:Act of Congress
13498:
13472:
13468:Taxing/spending
13392:
13373:
13364:Party switchers
13333:Died in office
13303:
13255:
13239:
13208:Equality Caucus
13191:
13163:Hispanic Caucus
13102:
13077:
13047:
13004:
12909:
12753:
12695:
12632:
12585:
12572:
12529:
12524:
12490:
12483:
12477:
12445:
12444:
12441:
12440:
12429:
12423:
12421:
12418:This audio file
12415:
12408:
12399:
12396:
12390:
12389:
12385:
12382:
12377:
12347:
12319:
12317:Further reading
12314:
12308:
12269:
12267:
12217:
12194:
12173:
12149:
12147:
12124:
12122:
12118:
12111:
12097:
12095:
12088:
12067:
12041:
12039:
12038:on May 10, 2010
12023:
12003:
11980:
11949:
11947:
11928:
11926:
11917:
11908:
11906:
11893:
11889:
11884:
11883:
11873:
11871:
11842:
11841:
11837:
11827:
11825:
11802:
11798:
11788:
11786:
11773:
11772:
11768:
11763:
11759:
11749:
11747:
11740:
11726:
11722:
11715:
11711:
11706:
11702:
11693:
11689:
11679:
11677:
11669:
11668:
11661:
11651:
11649:
11634:
11627:
11617:Wayback Machine
11608:
11604:
11597:
11593:
11583:
11581:
11568:
11567:
11563:
11553:
11551:
11536:
11532:
11522:
11520:
11505:
11501:
11491:
11489:
11479:
11475:
11460:
11456:
11446:
11444:
11434:
11430:
11420:
11418:
11408:
11404:
11394:
11392:
11374:
11370:
11360:
11358:
11340:
11336:
11326:
11324:
11322:www.cbsnews.com
11314:
11310:
11297:
11295:
11284:
11280:
11270:
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11257:
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11241:
11234:
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11186:
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11155:
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11120:
11104:
11100:
11091:
11087:
11077:
11075:
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11048:
11041:
11027:
11023:
11013:
11011:
11000:
10996:
10986:
10984:
10969:
10965:
10955:
10953:
10944:
10943:
10936:
10926:
10924:
10913:
10909:
10899:
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10890:
10876:
10872:
10862:
10860:
10847:
10846:
10842:
10832:
10830:
10815:
10811:
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10766:
10743:
10741:
10718:
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10703:
10694:
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10683:
10678:
10677:
10673:
10663:
10661:
10650:
10646:
10636:
10634:
10621:
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10613:
10601:
10599:
10576:
10574:
10548:
10546:
10523:
10521:
10498:
10496:
10483:
10478:
10477:
10473:
10463:
10461:
10446:
10442:
10432:
10430:
10417:
10416:
10412:
10402:
10400:
10387:
10386:
10382:
10372:
10370:
10359:
10352:
10342:
10340:
10336:
10325:
10319:
10318:
10314:
10304:
10302:
10295:
10281:
10274:
10264:
10262:
10247:
10243:
10231:
10229:
10206:
10204:
10178:
10176:
10153:
10151:
10128:
10126:
10107:
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10102:
10092:
10090:
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10042:
10032:
10030:
10015:
10011:
10001:
9999:
9986:
9985:
9981:
9971:
9969:
9954:
9950:
9938:
9936:
9913:
9911:
9888:
9886:
9863:
9861:
9842:
9841:
9837:
9827:
9825:
9810:
9803:
9793:
9791:
9776:
9769:
9759:
9757:
9742:
9733:
9723:
9721:
9708:
9707:
9698:
9688:
9686:
9667:
9663:
9653:
9651:
9636:
9629:
9619:
9617:
9602:
9598:
9588:
9586:
9571:
9562:
9552:
9550:
9535:
9531:
9521:
9519:
9506:
9505:
9501:
9491:
9489:
9478:
9474:
9464:
9462:
9449:
9448:
9444:
9434:
9432:
9419:
9418:
9414:
9404:
9402:
9387:
9383:
9373:
9371:
9364:
9348:
9344:
9337:
9325:
9324:
9320:
9310:
9308:
9299:
9298:
9294:
9287:
9262:
9258:
9248:
9246:
9242:
9235:
9231:
9230:
9226:
9216:
9214:
9199:
9198:
9194:
9190:, April 1, 2003
9182:
9173:
9163:
9161:
9152:
9151:
9147:
9140:
9126:
9122:
9117:
9113:
9108:
9104:
9094:
9092:
9083:
9082:
9045:
9035:
9033:
9024:
9023:
9014:
9004:
9002:
8993:
8992:
8985:
8975:
8973:
8958:
8954:
8944:
8942:
8927:
8923:
8913:
8911:
8898:
8897:
8893:
8883:
8881:
8872:
8871:
8867:
8857:
8855:
8844:
8840:
8830:
8828:
8821:
8807:
8803:
8793:
8791:
8784:
8770:
8766:
8756:
8754:
8739:
8732:
8722:
8720:
8705:
8701:
8696:Wayback Machine
8682:
8680:
8676:
8670:Wayback Machine
8660:
8656:
8650:Wayback Machine
8641:
8637:
8632:Wayback Machine
8622:
8618:
8609:
8605:
8595:
8593:
8578:
8574:
8564:
8562:
8553:
8552:
8548:
8538:
8536:
8521:
8517:
8507:
8505:
8487:
8483:
8478:
8474:
8464:
8462:
8447:
8443:
8433:
8431:
8416:
8412:
8402:
8400:
8385:
8381:
8371:
8369:
8354:
8350:
8340:
8338:
8323:
8319:
8309:
8307:
8292:
8288:
8278:
8276:
8261:
8257:
8247:
8245:
8238:Chicago Tribune
8230:
8226:
8216:
8214:
8210:
8203:
8197:
8193:
8183:
8181:
8166:
8162:
8152:
8150:
8135:
8131:
8121:
8119:
8104:
8100:
8090:
8088:
8075:
8074:
8070:
8060:
8058:
8045:
8044:
8040:
8030:
8028:
8027:on May 21, 2013
8015:
8014:
8010:
8000:
7998:
7983:
7979:
7969:
7967:
7958:
7957:
7953:
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7941:
7928:
7927:
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7906:
7904:
7891:
7882:
7880:
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7840:
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7835:
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7823:
7808:
7804:
7794:
7792:
7779:
7778:
7774:
7769:
7762:
7752:
7750:
7743:
7729:
7722:
7715:
7699:
7695:
7687:
7683:
7675:
7671:
7661:
7659:
7649:
7645:
7635:
7633:
7623:
7619:
7611:
7607:
7599:
7595:
7585:
7583:
7572:
7568:
7562:Wayback Machine
7551:Wayback Machine
7542:Palmer, Betsy.
7541:
7537:
7527:
7525:
7516:
7515:
7508:
7502:Wayback Machine
7492:
7485:
7479:Wayback Machine
7469:
7462:
7455:
7451:
7447:
7444:Wayback Machine
7434:
7430:
7423:
7419:
7415:
7412:Wayback Machine
7402:
7398:
7391:
7387:
7383:
7379:
7376:Wayback Machine
7366:
7362:
7356:Wayback Machine
7346:
7342:
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7141:
7134:
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7107:
7103:
7093:
7091:
7076:
7069:
7059:
7057:
7042:
7033:
7023:
7021:
7006:
6999:
6989:
6987:
6972:
6965:
6955:
6953:
6938:
6934:
6924:
6922:
6915:
6901:
6890:
6873:
6872:
6868:
6858:
6856:
6849:
6835:
6831:
6818:
6816:
6806:
6802:
6792:
6790:
6777:
6776:
6772:
6762:
6760:
6747:
6746:
6742:
6732:
6730:
6717:
6716:
6709:
6699:
6697:
6684:
6683:
6679:
6669:
6667:
6654:
6653:
6649:
6639:
6637:
6624:
6623:
6619:
6609:
6607:
6594:
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6106:Wayback Machine
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6094:Wayback Machine
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5691:. U.S. Senate.
5687:
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5207:
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5174:
5165:
5161:
5151:Joe Manchin III
5121:
5117:
5112:
5045:
5007:law enforcement
4975:
4962:
4900:
4894:
4879:insider trading
4869:
4860:Lawrence Lessig
4850:Representative
4848:
4834:
4829:
4819:
4788:
4772:
4747:
4729:
4726:
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4715:
4711:
4699:
4695:
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4660:
4648:
4635:coattail effect
4614:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4554:
4540:
4536:
4427:
4378:Rules Committee
4319:Act of Congress
4311:
4305:Act of Congress
4301:
4272:electoral votes
4268:
4262:
4252:
4248:special session
4239:
4234:
4228:
4199:
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4188:
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4128:which provides
4118:
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4030:
4024:
4019:
3988:
3964:
3946:
3944:Specializations
3924:
3907:
3901:
3883:
3877:
3801:judicial review
3790:Hillary Clinton
3697:The impeachment
3680:
3672:Lee H. Hamilton
3670:Representative
3638:
3632:
3591:
3583:Main articles:
3581:
3567:Commerce Clause
3554:
3522:
3473:Henry A. Waxman
3430:
3427:Michael Kinsley
3269:
3264:
3258:
3253:
3232:, won in 2013.
3148:
3112:
3093:Norman Ornstein
3050:
3046:
2992:John F. Kennedy
2984:Joseph McCarthy
2936:commerce clause
2879:
2869:
2849:Progressive Era
2796:
2637:
2632:
2626:
2581:interest groups
2536:
2523:Lee H. Hamilton
2449:
2447:
2399:
2386:terms staggered
2319:direct election
2279:
2085:Judicial branch
2011:Judicial review
1970:
1959:
1930:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1898:
1897:
1849:
1831:
1811:
1792:Nationality law
1788:
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1440:
1162:
1154:
1124:
1115:
1105:
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1099:Other tribunals
1094:
1060:District courts
1042:
977:
967:
966:
948:
944:Merrick Garland
896:
886:
885:
880:Mitch McConnell
877:Minority Leader
866:Majority Leader
831:
807:Hakeem Jeffries
804:Minority Leader
793:Majority Leader
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243:January 3, 2023
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215:(235 years ago)
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21811:from Wikibooks
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21777:from Wikiquote
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20563:Climate change
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20501:Discrimination
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20291:American Dream
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20258:Transportation
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20204:
20203:
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20191:Mount Rushmore
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19859:
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19811:Federal budget
19808:
19803:
19798:
19797:
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19791:
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19771:
19766:
19761:
19756:
19751:
19749:Communications
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19709:
19707:
19706:
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19689:
19679:
19678:
19677:
19672:
19670:exceptionalism
19667:
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19650:
19648:foreign policy
19640:
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19633:
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19371:
19365:
19364:
19362:
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19347:
19345:Chief justices
19340:Supreme courts
19336:
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19327:
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19324:
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19305:
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19183:
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19179:National Guard
19176:
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19151:
19140:
19138:
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19128:
19123:
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19111:
19106:
19096:
19091:
19090:
19089:
19082:Bill of Rights
19078:
19076:
19070:
19069:
19067:
19066:
19061:
19056:
19055:
19054:
19052:list of judges
19049:
19047:list of courts
19035:
19034:
19033:
19031:list of judges
19023:
19022:
19021:
19016:
19011:
19000:
18998:
18992:
18991:
18989:
18988:
18983:
18978:
18973:
18968:
18966:Capitol Police
18963:
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18956:
18951:
18941:
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18887:Secret Service
18884:
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18874:
18869:
18864:
18859:
18854:
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18807:
18802:
18800:Vice President
18797:
18796:
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18586:
18584:National Parks
18576:
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18544:
18539:
18537:Extreme points
18534:
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18231:
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18224:Federalist Era
18221:
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18219:
18217:Bill of Rights
18214:
18204:
18199:
18198:
18197:
18192:
18182:
18181:
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18160:
18158:Lee Resolution
18155:
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17704:
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17556:
17540:
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17512:South Carolina
17508:
17492:
17476:
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17444:
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17400:North Carolina
17396:
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16322:South Carolina
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14808:Senate chamber
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14793:Botanic Garden
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14654:Columbus Doors
14650:
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14430:Adams Building
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13951:Senate history
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13826:ranking member
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13789:Standing Rules
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13764:Reconciliation
13761:
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13749:Nuclear option
13746:
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13738:Senate Journal
13734:
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13676:Line-item veto
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13641:Reconciliation
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13453:Naturalization
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13073:Gerrymandering
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12380:External links
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10332:(OECD). 2012.
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10189:Chris Cillizza
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10059:on May 1, 2011
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9482:"Recent Votes"
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9118:English, p. 46
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7396:
7390:... they would
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6759:on May 1, 2011
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5143:Kyrsten Sinema
5132:Bernie Sanders
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4598:Stephen Macedo
4594:gerrymandering
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4561:
4556:Main article:
4553:
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4403:ranking member
4382:Standing Rules
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4264:Main article:
4261:
4260:Joint sessions
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4230:Main article:
4227:
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4203:bipartisanship
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4190:Main article:
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4126:federal agency
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3903:Main article:
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3879:Main article:
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3750:Andrew Johnson
3725:George W. Bush
3709:Woodrow Wilson
3701:Andrew Johnson
3648:seen from the
3634:Main article:
3631:
3628:
3603:American Samoa
3580:
3577:
3558:implied powers
3553:
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3514:George F. Will
3506:George W. Bush
3328:implied powers
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3260:Main article:
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3098:tabloidization
3082:American Samoa
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2833:states' rights
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2764:Bill of Rights
2636:
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2628:Main article:
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2545:American South
2512:118th Congress
2473:Andrew Johnson
2446:
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2439:switch parties
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1608:Libertarianism
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1600:
1595:
1590:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1561:Traditionalist
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1449:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:American Samoa
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1361:South Carolina
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1326:North Carolina
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1122:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
997:
996:
987:
986:
978:
973:
972:
969:
968:
965:
964:
959:
954:
947:
946:
940:
939:
931:
930:
923:
922:
914:
913:
906:
905:
897:
892:
891:
888:
887:
884:
883:
873:
872:
862:
861:
851:
850:
840:
839:
830:
829:
823:
822:
811:
810:
800:
799:
789:
788:
778:
777:
756:
755:
747:
742:
741:
738:
737:
734:
733:
728:
723:
717:
716:
708:
703:
702:
699:
698:
688:
687:
677:
676:
666:
665:
658:
657:
653:
652:
642:
641:
637:
636:
622:
621:
613:
612:
608:
607:
602:
595:
592:
591:
586:
579:
576:
575:
570:
563:
560:
559:
554:
547:
544:
543:
539:
538:
537:
536:
522:
521:
507:Minority (212)
504:
503:
490:Majority (220)
487:
481:
478:
477:
469:
468:
467:
466:
449:
448:
437:
421:
415:
412:
411:
403:
402:
400:
399:
393:
391:
390:
387:
383:
379:
377:
373:
372:
368:
367:
355:
353:
348:
345:
344:
332:
330:
325:
322:
321:
309:
307:
302:
299:
298:
286:
284:
279:
276:
275:
260:
258:
253:
250:
249:
245:
244:
241:
238:
235:
234:
229:
225:
224:
210:
206:
205:
201:
200:
191:
187:
186:
180:
179:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
159:
158:
152:
151:
148:
139:
138:
85:
83:
76:
58:
36:
30:
27:
25:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
21920:
21909:
21906:
21904:
21901:
21899:
21896:
21894:
21891:
21890:
21888:
21881:
21878:
21844:
21843:
21842:Travel guides
21831:
21827:
21826:
21814:
21810:
21809:
21797:
21793:
21792:
21780:
21776:
21775:
21763:
21760:from Wikinews
21759:
21758:
21746:
21742:
21741:
21729:
21728:
21725:
21719:
21711:
21706:
21701:
21699:
21694:
21689:
21687:
21686:United States
21677:
21676:
21673:
21654:
21651:
21649:
21646:
21644:
21641:
21639:
21636:
21634:
21631:
21629:
21626:
21624:
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21616:
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21606:
21604:
21601:
21599:
21596:
21594:
21591:
21589:
21586:
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21581:
21580:
21578:
21576:
21570:
21566:
21561:
21551:
21548:
21546:
21543:
21541:
21540:United States
21538:
21536:
21533:
21531:
21528:
21526:
21523:
21521:
21518:
21516:
21513:
21511:
21508:
21506:
21503:
21501:
21498:
21496:
21493:
21491:
21488:
21486:
21483:
21481:
21478:
21476:
21473:
21471:
21468:
21466:
21463:
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21458:
21456:
21453:
21451:
21448:
21446:
21443:
21441:
21438:
21436:
21433:
21431:
21428:
21426:
21423:
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21418:
21416:
21413:
21411:
21408:
21406:
21403:
21401:
21398:
21396:
21393:
21391:
21388:
21386:
21383:
21381:
21378:
21376:
21373:
21372:
21370:
21368:
21364:
21355:
21350:
21348:
21343:
21341:
21336:
21335:
21332:
21320:
21317:
21315:
21312:
21310:
21307:
21306:
21303:
21297:
21294:
21292:
21289:
21287:
21286:Tricameralism
21284:
21282:
21281:Unicameralism
21279:
21278:
21276:
21272:
21266:
21263:
21261:
21258:
21256:
21253:
21251:
21248:
21246:
21243:
21241:
21238:
21236:
21233:
21231:
21228:
21225:
21223:
21220:
21218:
21215:
21214:
21212:
21208:
21202:
21199:
21198:
21196:
21194:
21193:Non-UN states
21190:
21184:
21181:
21179:
21176:
21174:
21171:
21169:
21166:
21164:
21161:
21160:
21158:
21156:
21153:Dependent and
21150:
21144:
21141:
21139:
21136:
21134:
21131:
21129:
21126:
21124:
21121:
21119:
21116:
21114:
21111:
21109:
21106:
21104:
21101:
21099:
21096:
21094:
21091:
21089:
21086:
21084:
21081:
21079:
21076:
21074:
21071:
21069:
21066:
21064:
21061:
21059:
21056:
21054:
21051:
21049:
21046:
21044:
21041:
21039:
21036:
21034:
21031:
21029:
21026:
21024:
21021:
21019:
21016:
21014:
21011:
21009:
21006:
21004:
21001:
20999:
20996:
20994:
20991:
20989:
20986:
20984:
20981:
20979:
20976:
20974:
20971:
20969:
20966:
20964:
20961:
20959:
20956:
20954:
20951:
20949:
20946:
20944:
20941:
20939:
20936:
20934:
20931:
20929:
20926:
20924:
20921:
20919:
20916:
20914:
20911:
20909:
20906:
20904:
20901:
20899:
20896:
20894:
20891:
20889:
20886:
20884:
20881:
20879:
20876:
20874:
20871:
20869:
20866:
20864:
20861:
20859:
20856:
20854:
20851:
20850:
20848:
20846:
20842:
20836:
20835:United States
20833:
20831:
20828:
20826:
20823:
20821:
20818:
20816:
20813:
20811:
20808:
20806:
20803:
20801:
20798:
20796:
20793:
20791:
20788:
20786:
20783:
20781:
20778:
20776:
20773:
20771:
20768:
20766:
20763:
20761:
20758:
20756:
20753:
20751:
20748:
20746:
20743:
20741:
20738:
20736:
20733:
20732:
20730:
20728:
20724:
20720:
20717:
20709:
20704:
20702:
20697:
20695:
20690:
20689:
20686:
20674:
20671:
20669:
20666:
20665:
20660:
20656:
20653:
20649:
20648:
20644:
20630:
20627:
20625:
20622:
20620:
20617:
20613:
20610:
20609:
20608:
20605:
20601:
20598:
20597:
20596:
20593:
20591:
20588:
20586:
20583:
20581:
20578:
20576:
20573:
20571:
20568:
20564:
20561:
20559:
20556:
20555:
20554:
20551:
20549:
20548:Energy policy
20546:
20542:
20539:
20537:
20534:
20532:
20529:
20527:
20524:
20522:
20519:
20517:
20514:
20512:
20509:
20507:
20504:
20503:
20502:
20499:
20497:
20494:
20490:
20489:incarceration
20487:
20486:
20485:
20482:
20480:
20477:
20476:
20474:
20470:
20464:
20461:
20459:
20456:
20454:
20451:
20449:
20446:
20444:
20441:
20439:
20436:
20434:
20431:
20429:
20426:
20424:
20421:
20419:
20416:
20412:
20409:
20407:
20404:
20402:
20399:
20398:
20397:
20394:
20390:
20387:
20385:
20382:
20380:
20377:
20375:
20374:Prenatal care
20372:
20370:
20369:Birth control
20367:
20365:
20362:
20361:
20360:
20357:
20355:
20352:
20351:
20349:
20347:
20343:
20337:
20334:
20332:
20329:
20327:
20324:
20322:
20319:
20317:
20314:
20312:
20309:
20307:
20306:Homeownership
20304:
20302:
20299:
20297:
20294:
20292:
20289:
20287:
20284:
20283:
20281:
20279:
20275:
20269:
20266:
20264:
20261:
20259:
20256:
20254:
20251:
20249:
20246:
20244:
20241:
20239:
20236:
20234:
20231:
20229:
20226:
20224:
20221:
20219:
20216:
20214:
20211:
20209:
20206:
20202:
20199:
20197:
20194:
20192:
20189:
20187:
20184:
20183:
20182:
20179:
20177:
20174:
20172:
20169:
20167:
20164:
20160:
20157:
20155:
20152:
20150:
20147:
20145:
20142:
20140:
20137:
20136:
20135:
20132:
20130:
20127:
20123:
20120:
20118:
20115:
20113:
20110:
20109:
20108:
20105:
20103:
20100:
20098:
20095:
20093:
20090:
20086:
20083:
20082:
20081:
20078:
20076:
20073:
20069:
20066:
20065:
20064:
20061:
20059:
20056:
20054:
20051:
20047:
20044:
20042:
20039:
20038:
20037:
20034:
20030:
20029:working class
20027:
20025:
20022:
20020:
20017:
20015:
20012:
20010:
20007:
20005:
20002:
20000:
19997:
19995:
19992:
19990:
19989:homeownership
19987:
19985:
19982:
19980:
19977:
19976:
19975:
19972:
19970:
19967:
19965:
19962:
19960:
19957:
19955:
19952:
19950:
19947:
19945:
19942:
19940:
19937:
19936:
19934:
19932:
19928:
19924:
19921:
19919:
19915:
19905:
19902:
19900:
19897:
19895:
19892:
19890:
19887:
19885:
19882:
19880:
19877:
19875:
19872:
19871:
19869:
19867:
19863:
19857:
19854:
19852:
19849:
19847:
19844:
19842:
19839:
19837:
19834:
19832:
19829:
19827:
19824:
19822:
19819:
19817:
19814:
19812:
19809:
19807:
19804:
19802:
19799:
19795:
19792:
19790:
19787:
19785:
19782:
19780:
19777:
19775:
19772:
19770:
19769:Manufacturing
19767:
19765:
19762:
19760:
19757:
19755:
19752:
19750:
19747:
19745:
19742:
19740:
19737:
19736:
19735:
19732:
19731:
19728:
19725:
19723:
19719:
19705:
19702:
19698:
19697:Third parties
19695:
19693:
19690:
19688:
19685:
19684:
19683:
19680:
19676:
19673:
19671:
19668:
19666:
19663:
19662:
19661:
19658:
19656:
19653:
19649:
19646:
19645:
19644:
19641:
19637:
19634:
19632:
19629:
19628:
19627:
19624:
19622:
19619:
19618:
19615:
19603:
19600:
19599:
19598:
19595:
19594:
19592:
19590:
19586:
19580:
19577:
19575:
19572:
19571:
19569:
19567:
19563:
19557:
19554:
19552:
19549:
19547:
19544:
19542:
19539:
19537:
19534:
19532:
19529:
19527:
19524:
19522:
19519:
19517:
19514:
19512:
19509:
19508:
19506:
19502:
19496:
19493:
19491:
19488:
19486:
19483:
19481:
19478:
19477:
19475:
19473:
19469:
19466:
19464:
19460:
19454:
19451:
19447:
19444:
19443:
19442:
19439:
19435:
19432:
19430:
19427:
19425:
19422:
19421:
19420:
19417:
19415:
19412:
19411:
19409:
19407:
19403:
19393:
19390:
19388:
19385:
19383:
19380:
19378:
19375:
19374:
19372:
19370:
19366:
19358:
19355:
19354:
19353:
19350:
19346:
19343:
19342:
19341:
19338:
19337:
19335:
19333:
19329:
19323:
19320:
19318:
19315:
19314:
19312:
19310:
19306:
19298:
19295:
19294:
19293:
19290:
19288:
19285:
19283:
19280:
19278:
19275:
19273:
19270:
19268:
19265:
19263:
19260:
19258:
19255:
19251:
19248:
19247:
19246:
19243:
19239:
19236:
19235:
19234:
19231:
19230:
19228:
19226:
19222:
19219:
19217:
19211:
19206:
19202:
19192:
19189:
19187:
19184:
19180:
19177:
19175:
19172:
19170:
19167:
19165:
19162:
19160:
19157:
19155:
19152:
19150:
19147:
19146:
19145:
19142:
19141:
19139:
19137:
19133:
19127:
19124:
19120:
19117:
19115:
19112:
19110:
19107:
19105:
19102:
19101:
19100:
19097:
19095:
19092:
19088:
19085:
19084:
19083:
19080:
19079:
19077:
19075:
19071:
19065:
19064:U.S. attorney
19062:
19060:
19057:
19053:
19050:
19048:
19045:
19044:
19043:
19039:
19036:
19032:
19029:
19028:
19027:
19024:
19020:
19017:
19015:
19012:
19010:
19009:Chief Justice
19007:
19006:
19005:
19004:Supreme Court
19002:
19001:
18999:
18997:
18993:
18987:
18984:
18982:
18979:
18977:
18974:
18972:
18969:
18967:
18964:
18960:
18957:
18955:
18952:
18950:
18947:
18946:
18945:
18942:
18938:
18935:
18933:
18930:
18929:
18928:
18925:
18924:
18922:
18920:
18916:
18910:
18909:Public policy
18907:
18905:
18904:Civil service
18902:
18900:
18897:
18893:
18890:
18888:
18885:
18883:
18880:
18878:
18875:
18873:
18870:
18868:
18865:
18863:
18860:
18858:
18855:
18853:
18850:
18849:
18848:
18845:
18841:
18838:
18836:
18833:
18831:
18828:
18826:
18823:
18822:
18821:
18818:
18816:
18813:
18811:
18808:
18806:
18803:
18801:
18798:
18794:
18791:
18789:
18786:
18785:
18784:
18781:
18780:
18778:
18774:
18771:
18769:
18765:
18761:
18758:
18756:
18752:
18742:
18739:
18737:
18734:
18732:
18729:
18725:
18722:
18720:
18717:
18715:
18712:
18710:
18707:
18705:
18702:
18700:
18697:
18695:
18692:
18690:
18687:
18686:
18685:
18681:
18677:
18674:
18672:
18669:
18667:
18664:
18662:
18659:
18657:
18654:
18652:
18649:
18647:
18644:
18642:
18639:
18637:
18634:
18632:
18629:
18627:
18624:
18622:
18619:
18617:
18614:
18612:
18609:
18607:
18604:
18602:
18599:
18597:
18594:
18593:
18592:
18589:
18585:
18582:
18581:
18580:
18577:
18573:
18572:Sierra Nevada
18570:
18568:
18565:
18563:
18560:
18558:
18555:
18553:
18550:
18549:
18548:
18545:
18543:
18540:
18538:
18535:
18533:
18530:
18526:
18523:
18521:
18518:
18516:
18513:
18511:
18510:insular zones
18508:
18506:
18503:
18501:
18498:
18496:
18493:
18491:
18488:
18486:
18483:
18482:
18481:
18478:
18477:
18474:
18471:
18469:
18465:
18455:
18452:
18450:
18447:
18445:
18442:
18440:
18437:
18435:
18432:
18430:
18427:
18425:
18422:
18420:
18417:
18416:
18414:
18410:
18404:
18401:
18399:
18396:
18392:
18389:
18387:
18384:
18383:
18382:
18381:War on Terror
18379:
18377:
18374:
18372:
18369:
18367:
18364:
18362:
18361:LGBT Movement
18359:
18357:
18354:
18352:
18349:
18347:
18344:
18342:
18339:
18337:
18334:
18330:
18327:
18326:
18325:
18322:
18320:
18317:
18315:
18312:
18310:
18307:
18305:
18302:
18300:
18297:
18293:
18290:
18288:
18285:
18283:
18280:
18279:
18277:
18275:
18272:
18270:
18267:
18265:
18262:
18260:
18257:
18255:
18252:
18250:
18247:
18245:
18242:
18240:
18237:
18235:
18232:
18230:
18227:
18225:
18222:
18218:
18215:
18213:
18210:
18209:
18208:
18205:
18203:
18200:
18196:
18193:
18191:
18188:
18187:
18186:
18183:
18179:
18176:
18174:
18171:
18170:
18169:
18166:
18164:
18161:
18159:
18156:
18154:
18151:
18147:
18144:
18142:
18139:
18137:
18134:
18132:
18129:
18127:
18124:
18122:
18119:
18117:
18114:
18113:
18112:
18109:
18107:
18104:
18103:
18101:
18097:
18091:
18088:
18086:
18083:
18081:
18078:
18076:
18073:
18071:
18068:
18066:
18063:
18061:
18058:
18056:
18053:
18051:
18048:
18046:
18043:
18041:
18038:
18037:
18035:
18031:
18028:
18026:
18022:
18017:
18016:United States
18010:
18005:
18003:
17998:
17996:
17991:
17990:
17987:
17974:
17970:
17967:
17963:
17962:
17959:
17952:
17948:
17945:
17941:
17938:
17934:
17931:
17927:
17924:
17920:
17917:
17913:
17910:
17906:
17903:
17899:
17896:
17892:
17889:
17885:
17882:
17878:
17875:
17871:
17868:
17864:
17861:
17857:
17854:
17850:
17847:
17843:
17840:
17836:
17833:
17829:
17826:
17822:
17819:
17815:
17812:
17808:
17805:
17801:
17798:
17794:
17791:
17787:
17784:
17780:
17779:
17777:
17775:
17771:
17764:
17760:
17756:
17752:
17748:
17744:
17740:
17736:
17732:
17728:
17725:
17721:
17717:
17713:
17709:
17705:
17702:
17698:
17697:
17695:
17693:
17689:
17681:
17677:
17673:
17669:
17665:
17661:
17657:
17653:
17649:
17645:
17641:
17640:West Virginia
17637:
17633:
17629:
17625:
17621:
17617:
17613:
17609:
17605:
17601:
17597:
17593:
17589:
17585:
17581:
17577:
17573:
17569:
17565:
17561:
17557:
17553:
17549:
17545:
17541:
17537:
17533:
17529:
17525:
17521:
17517:
17513:
17509:
17505:
17501:
17497:
17493:
17489:
17485:
17481:
17477:
17473:
17469:
17465:
17461:
17457:
17453:
17449:
17445:
17441:
17437:
17433:
17429:
17425:
17421:
17417:
17413:
17409:
17405:
17401:
17397:
17393:
17389:
17385:
17381:
17377:
17373:
17369:
17365:
17361:
17357:
17353:
17349:
17345:
17341:
17337:
17336:New Hampshire
17333:
17329:
17325:
17321:
17317:
17314:
17310:
17306:
17302:
17298:
17294:
17290:
17286:
17282:
17278:
17274:
17270:
17266:
17262:
17258:
17254:
17250:
17246:
17242:
17238:
17234:
17230:
17226:
17222:
17218:
17217:Massachusetts
17214:
17210:
17206:
17202:
17198:
17194:
17190:
17186:
17182:
17178:
17174:
17170:
17166:
17162:
17158:
17154:
17150:
17146:
17142:
17138:
17134:
17130:
17126:
17122:
17118:
17114:
17110:
17106:
17102:
17098:
17094:
17090:
17086:
17082:
17078:
17074:
17070:
17066:
17062:
17058:
17054:
17050:
17046:
17042:
17038:
17034:
17030:
17026:
17022:
17018:
17014:
17010:
17006:
17002:
16998:
16994:
16990:
16986:
16982:
16978:
16974:
16970:
16966:
16962:
16958:
16954:
16950:
16946:
16942:
16938:
16934:
16930:
16926:
16922:
16918:
16914:
16910:
16906:
16902:
16898:
16894:
16893:
16891:
16889:
16885:
16878:
16874:
16871:
16867:
16866:
16864:
16862:
16858:
16854:
16847:
16842:
16840:
16835:
16833:
16828:
16827:
16824:
16812:
16809:
16807:
16804:
16802:
16799:
16797:
16794:
16792:
16789:
16787:
16784:
16782:
16779:
16778:
16776:
16772:
16766:
16763:
16761:
16758:
16756:
16753:
16752:
16750:
16746:
16740:
16737:
16735:
16732:
16730:
16727:
16725:
16722:
16720:
16717:
16715:
16712:
16710:
16707:
16705:
16702:
16700:
16697:
16695:
16692:
16690:
16687:
16685:
16682:
16680:
16677:
16675:
16672:
16670:
16667:
16665:
16662:
16661:
16659:
16655:
16651:
16644:
16639:
16637:
16632:
16630:
16625:
16624:
16621:
16609:
16606:
16604:
16601:
16600:
16597:
16591:
16588:
16586:
16583:
16581:
16578:
16576:
16573:
16571:
16568:
16567:
16565:
16561:
16554:
16550:
16548:
16545:
16543:
16540:
16538:
16535:
16533:
16530:
16528:
16525:
16523:
16520:
16519:
16517:
16515:
16511:
16503:
16500:
16498:
16495:
16494:
16493:
16490:
16486:
16483:
16481:
16478:
16477:
16476:
16473:
16469:
16466:
16464:
16461:
16460:
16459:
16458:West Virginia
16456:
16452:
16449:
16447:
16444:
16443:
16442:
16439:
16435:
16432:
16430:
16427:
16426:
16425:
16422:
16418:
16415:
16413:
16410:
16409:
16408:
16405:
16401:
16398:
16396:
16393:
16392:
16391:
16388:
16384:
16381:
16379:
16376:
16375:
16374:
16371:
16367:
16364:
16362:
16359:
16358:
16357:
16354:
16350:
16347:
16345:
16342:
16341:
16340:
16337:
16333:
16330:
16328:
16325:
16324:
16323:
16320:
16316:
16313:
16311:
16308:
16307:
16306:
16303:
16299:
16296:
16294:
16291:
16290:
16289:
16286:
16282:
16279:
16277:
16274:
16273:
16272:
16269:
16265:
16262:
16260:
16257:
16256:
16255:
16252:
16248:
16245:
16243:
16240:
16239:
16238:
16235:
16231:
16228:
16226:
16223:
16222:
16221:
16218:
16214:
16211:
16209:
16206:
16205:
16204:
16201:
16197:
16194:
16192:
16189:
16188:
16187:
16184:
16180:
16177:
16175:
16172:
16171:
16170:
16167:
16163:
16160:
16158:
16155:
16154:
16153:
16150:
16146:
16143:
16141:
16138:
16137:
16136:
16135:New Hampshire
16133:
16129:
16126:
16124:
16121:
16120:
16119:
16116:
16112:
16109:
16107:
16104:
16103:
16102:
16099:
16095:
16092:
16090:
16087:
16086:
16085:
16082:
16078:
16075:
16073:
16070:
16069:
16068:
16065:
16061:
16058:
16056:
16053:
16052:
16051:
16048:
16044:
16041:
16039:
16036:
16035:
16034:
16031:
16027:
16024:
16022:
16019:
16018:
16017:
16014:
16010:
16007:
16005:
16002:
16001:
16000:
15999:Massachusetts
15997:
15993:
15990:
15988:
15985:
15984:
15983:
15980:
15976:
15973:
15971:
15968:
15967:
15966:
15963:
15959:
15956:
15954:
15951:
15950:
15949:
15946:
15942:
15939:
15937:
15934:
15933:
15932:
15929:
15925:
15922:
15920:
15917:
15916:
15915:
15912:
15908:
15905:
15903:
15900:
15899:
15898:
15895:
15891:
15888:
15886:
15883:
15882:
15881:
15878:
15874:
15871:
15869:
15866:
15865:
15864:
15861:
15857:
15854:
15852:
15849:
15848:
15847:
15844:
15840:
15837:
15835:
15832:
15831:
15830:
15827:
15823:
15820:
15818:
15815:
15814:
15813:
15810:
15806:
15803:
15801:
15798:
15797:
15796:
15793:
15789:
15786:
15784:
15781:
15780:
15779:
15776:
15772:
15769:
15767:
15764:
15763:
15762:
15759:
15755:
15752:
15750:
15747:
15746:
15745:
15742:
15738:
15735:
15733:
15730:
15729:
15728:
15725:
15721:
15718:
15716:
15713:
15712:
15711:
15708:
15704:
15701:
15699:
15696:
15695:
15694:
15691:
15687:
15684:
15682:
15679:
15678:
15677:
15674:
15670:
15667:
15665:
15662:
15661:
15660:
15657:
15656:
15654:
15652:
15648:
15644:
15636:
15631:
15629:
15624:
15622:
15617:
15616:
15613:
15596:
15595:
15591:
15589:
15586:
15584:
15581:
15579:
15576:
15574:
15571:
15569:
15566:
15564:
15561:
15559:
15556:
15554:
15551:
15550:
15548:
15543:
15540:
15538:
15535:
15533:
15530:
15528:
15525:
15523:
15520:
15518:
15515:
15513:
15510:
15508:
15505:
15503:
15500:
15498:
15495:
15494:
15492:
15487:
15484:
15482:
15479:
15477:
15474:
15472:
15469:
15467:
15464:
15462:
15459:
15457:
15454:
15452:
15449:
15447:
15444:
15442:
15439:
15438:
15436:
15431:
15428:
15426:
15423:
15421:
15418:
15416:
15413:
15411:
15408:
15406:
15403:
15401:
15398:
15396:
15393:
15391:
15388:
15386:
15383:
15382:
15380:
15375:
15372:
15370:
15367:
15365:
15362:
15360:
15357:
15355:
15352:
15350:
15347:
15345:
15342:
15340:
15337:
15335:
15332:
15330:
15327:
15326:
15324:
15319:
15316:
15314:
15311:
15309:
15306:
15304:
15301:
15299:
15296:
15294:
15291:
15289:
15286:
15284:
15281:
15279:
15276:
15274:
15271:
15270:
15268:
15263:
15260:
15258:
15255:
15253:
15250:
15248:
15245:
15243:
15240:
15238:
15235:
15233:
15230:
15228:
15225:
15223:
15220:
15218:
15215:
15214:
15212:
15207:
15204:
15202:
15199:
15197:
15194:
15192:
15189:
15187:
15184:
15182:
15179:
15177:
15174:
15172:
15169:
15167:
15164:
15162:
15159:
15158:
15156:
15151:
15148:
15146:
15143:
15141:
15138:
15136:
15133:
15131:
15128:
15126:
15123:
15121:
15118:
15116:
15113:
15111:
15108:
15106:
15103:
15102:
15100:
15095:
15092:
15090:
15087:
15085:
15082:
15080:
15077:
15075:
15072:
15070:
15067:
15065:
15062:
15060:
15057:
15055:
15052:
15050:
15047:
15046:
15044:
15039:
15036:
15034:
15031:
15029:
15026:
15024:
15021:
15019:
15016:
15014:
15011:
15009:
15006:
15004:
15001:
14999:
14996:
14994:
14991:
14990:
14988:
14983:
14980:
14978:
14975:
14973:
14970:
14968:
14965:
14963:
14960:
14958:
14955:
14953:
14950:
14948:
14945:
14943:
14940:
14938:
14935:
14934:
14932:
14929:
14928:
14923:
14918:
14911:
14906:
14904:
14899:
14897:
14892:
14891:
14888:
14882:
14875:
14855:
14852:
14850:
14847:
14846:
14844:
14840:
14834:
14831:
14829:
14826:
14824:
14821:
14819:
14816:
14814:
14811:
14809:
14806:
14804:
14801:
14799:
14796:
14794:
14791:
14790:
14788:
14782:
14772:
14769:
14767:
14764:
14762:
14759:
14757:
14754:
14752:
14749:
14747:
14744:
14742:
14739:
14738:
14736:
14732:
14726:
14723:
14719:
14718:
14714:
14713:
14712:
14709:
14707:
14704:
14703:
14701:
14697:
14694:
14692:
14686:
14680:
14677:
14675:
14672:
14670:
14669:
14665:
14663:
14662:
14658:
14656:
14655:
14651:
14649:
14648:
14644:
14642:
14641:
14637:
14635:
14634:
14630:
14628:
14627:
14623:
14621:
14620:
14616:
14614:
14613:
14609:
14607:
14606:
14602:
14600:
14599:
14595:
14593:
14591:
14587:
14585:
14584:
14580:
14578:
14577:
14573:
14571:
14568:
14566:
14565:Statuary Hall
14563:
14561:
14558:
14556:
14553:
14549:
14548:
14544:
14543:
14542:
14539:
14537:
14534:
14532:
14529:
14527:
14524:
14522:
14519:
14518:
14516:
14514:
14510:
14504:
14501:
14499:
14496:
14494:
14491:
14489:
14488:
14484:
14482:
14481:
14477:
14475:
14474:
14470:
14468:
14467:
14463:
14461:
14458:
14457:
14455:
14453:
14447:
14441:
14438:
14436:
14433:
14431:
14428:
14426:
14423:
14421:
14420:Poet Laureate
14418:
14416:
14413:
14409:
14406:
14405:
14404:
14401:
14397:
14394:
14393:
14392:
14389:
14388:
14386:
14384:
14378:
14368:
14365:
14363:
14362:Reading Clerk
14360:
14358:
14355:
14353:
14350:
14346:
14343:
14342:
14341:
14338:
14336:
14333:
14331:
14328:
14326:
14323:
14321:
14318:
14316:
14313:
14311:
14308:
14306:
14303:
14302:
14300:
14296:
14290:
14287:
14285:
14282:
14280:
14277:
14275:
14272:
14270:
14267:
14265:
14262:
14260:
14257:
14255:
14252:
14251:
14249:
14245:
14242:
14238:
14228:
14225:
14223:
14220:
14218:
14215:
14213:
14210:
14208:
14205:
14203:
14202:Congr. Ethics
14200:
14199:
14197:
14193:
14187:
14184:
14182:
14179:
14177:
14174:
14173:
14171:
14167:
14164:
14160:
14154:
14151:
14149:
14146:
14144:
14141:
14139:
14136:
14134:
14131:
14129:
14126:
14122:
14119:
14118:
14117:
14114:
14112:
14109:
14105:
14102:
14101:
14100:
14097:
14095:
14092:
14091:
14089:
14083:
14079:
14074:
14070:
14065:
14061:
14047:
14046:
14042:
14040:
14039:
14035:
14033:
14032:
14028:
14026:
14023:
14021:
14018:
14017:
14015:
14011:
14001:
13998:
13996:
13993:
13991:
13990:
13986:
13984:
13981:
13979:
13976:
13974:
13971:
13969:
13966:
13962:
13959:
13957:
13954:
13953:
13952:
13949:
13945:
13942:
13940:
13937:
13936:
13935:
13934:House history
13932:
13931:
13928:
13925:
13923:
13919:
13913:
13910:
13908:
13905:
13903:
13900:
13899:
13897:
13893:
13887:
13886:Subcommittees
13884:
13882:
13879:
13877:
13874:
13872:
13871:List (Senate)
13869:
13867:
13864:
13862:
13859:
13857:
13854:
13852:
13849:
13847:
13844:
13842:
13839:
13837:
13834:
13832:
13829:
13827:
13823:
13820:
13819:
13817:
13815:
13811:
13805:
13804:Treaty Clause
13802:
13800:
13797:
13795:
13792:
13790:
13787:
13785:
13782:
13780:
13777:
13775:
13772:
13770:
13767:
13765:
13762:
13760:
13757:
13755:
13752:
13750:
13747:
13745:
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13612:
13609:
13605:
13602:
13601:
13600:
13599:Joint session
13597:
13595:
13592:
13590:
13587:
13585:
13584:Enrolled bill
13582:
13580:
13577:
13575:
13572:
13570:
13567:
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13562:
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13350:
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13340:
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13325:
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13300:
13299:
13295:
13293:
13290:
13288:
13285:
13283:
13280:
13278:
13275:
13273:
13272:Hindu members
13270:
13268:
13265:
13264:
13262:
13258:
13252:
13249:
13248:
13246:
13242:
13234:
13233:current House
13231:
13229:
13228:Issues Caucus
13226:
13224:
13221:
13219:
13216:
13215:
13213:
13209:
13206:
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13204:
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13099:
13096:
13095:
13093:
13091:
13087:
13084:
13080:
13074:
13071:
13069:
13068:Apportionment
13066:
13064:
13061:
13060:
13058:
13054:
13044:
13041:
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13036:
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13007:
12999:
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12906:
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12838:
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12823:
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12609:
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12605:
12603:
12599:
12596:
12592:
12588:
12584:
12579:
12575:
12569:
12566:
12563:
12560: →
12559:
12556: ←
12555:
12551:
12549:
12548:Joint session
12546:
12544:
12541:
12539:
12536:
12535:
12532:
12528:
12521:
12516:
12514:
12509:
12507:
12502:
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12498:
12482:
12476:
12470:
12465:
12462:
12460:
12457:
12454:
12448:
12443:
12442:
12438:
12434:
12419:
12373:
12372:
12367:
12364:
12360:
12357:
12353:
12348:
12342:
12337:
12336:
12329:
12326:
12322:
12321:
12309:
12307:0-618-17906-2
12303:
12299:
12298:
12292:
12288:
12284:
12283:
12277:
12265:
12261:
12257:
12253:
12249:
12244:
12239:
12235:
12231:
12227:
12222:
12218:
12216:0-8133-1157-8
12212:
12207:
12206:
12199:
12195:
12193:0-19-516195-5
12189:
12185:
12184:
12178:
12174:
12172:0-87187-477-6
12168:
12164:
12163:
12157:
12145:
12141:
12137:
12132:
12125:September 20,
12117:
12110:
12105:
12098:September 27,
12093:
12089:
12087:1-59033-509-0
12083:
12079:
12078:
12072:
12068:
12066:1-56802-826-1
12062:
12057:
12056:
12049:
12042:September 20,
12037:
12033:
12028:
12024:
12022:0-7190-6309-4
12018:
12014:
12009:
12004:
12002:0-87187-325-7
11998:
11993:
11992:
11985:
11981:
11979:0-394-52346-6
11975:
11971:
11966:
11962:
11957:
11945:
11941:
11936:
11924:
11920:
11916:
11909:September 20,
11904:
11900:
11896:
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11869:
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11861:
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11839:
11823:
11819:
11815:
11811:
11807:
11800:
11789:September 30,
11784:
11780:
11776:
11770:
11761:
11750:September 11,
11745:
11741:
11739:9781139446990
11735:
11731:
11724:
11713:
11704:
11697:
11691:
11676:
11675:Ronald Reagan
11672:
11666:
11664:
11647:
11643:
11639:
11632:
11630:
11622:
11618:
11614:
11611:
11606:
11595:
11579:
11575:
11571:
11565:
11549:
11545:
11541:
11534:
11518:
11514:
11513:Time Magazine
11510:
11503:
11488:
11484:
11477:
11469:
11465:
11458:
11443:
11439:
11432:
11417:
11413:
11406:
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11387:
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11379:
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11323:
11319:
11312:
11305:
11293:
11289:
11282:
11266:
11262:
11255:
11244:September 11,
11239:
11235:
11233:0-472-08711-8
11229:
11225:
11218:
11216:
11204:September 11,
11199:
11195:
11191:
11184:
11173:September 11,
11168:
11164:
11160:
11153:
11142:September 11,
11137:
11133:
11129:
11122:
11115:
11111:
11107:
11102:
11095:
11089:
11078:September 20,
11073:
11069:
11062:
11046:
11042:
11040:9780195345612
11036:
11032:
11025:
11014:September 20,
11009:
11005:
10998:
10982:
10978:
10974:
10967:
10951:
10947:
10941:
10939:
10922:
10918:
10911:
10900:September 11,
10895:
10891:
10889:0-618-17906-2
10885:
10881:
10874:
10858:
10854:
10850:
10844:
10828:
10824:
10820:
10813:
10802:September 20,
10797:
10793:
10789:
10782:
10764:
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10756:
10751:
10739:
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10731:
10726:
10714:
10710:
10706:
10702:
10690:
10686:
10682:
10681:
10675:
10659:
10655:
10648:
10637:September 28,
10632:
10628:
10624:
10618:
10616:
10597:
10593:
10589:
10584:
10572:
10568:
10564:
10560:
10559:Karen Tumulty
10556:
10544:
10540:
10536:
10531:
10519:
10515:
10511:
10506:
10494:
10490:
10486:
10482:
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10475:
10459:
10455:
10451:
10444:
10428:
10424:
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10398:
10394:
10390:
10384:
10368:
10364:
10357:
10355:
10335:
10331:
10324:
10323:
10316:
10305:September 11,
10300:
10296:
10294:9781139446990
10290:
10286:
10279:
10277:
10265:September 30,
10260:
10256:
10252:
10245:
10232:September 30,
10227:
10223:
10219:
10214:
10207:September 30,
10202:
10198:
10194:
10190:
10186:
10179:September 30,
10174:
10170:
10166:
10161:
10154:September 30,
10149:
10145:
10141:
10136:
10129:September 30,
10124:
10120:
10116:
10111:
10110:
10104:
10093:September 30,
10088:
10084:
10080:
10074:
10063:September 30,
10058:
10054:
10050:
10044:
10033:September 30,
10028:
10024:
10020:
10013:
9997:
9993:
9989:
9983:
9967:
9963:
9959:
9952:
9939:September 30,
9934:
9930:
9926:
9921:
9914:September 30,
9909:
9905:
9901:
9896:
9889:September 30,
9884:
9880:
9876:
9871:
9864:September 30,
9859:
9855:
9851:
9846:
9845:
9839:
9823:
9819:
9815:
9808:
9806:
9789:
9785:
9781:
9774:
9772:
9755:
9751:
9747:
9740:
9738:
9736:
9719:
9715:
9711:
9705:
9703:
9701:
9689:September 20,
9684:
9680:
9676:
9672:
9665:
9654:September 11,
9649:
9645:
9641:
9634:
9632:
9615:
9611:
9607:
9600:
9584:
9580:
9576:
9569:
9567:
9565:
9553:September 20,
9548:
9544:
9540:
9533:
9522:September 11,
9517:
9513:
9509:
9503:
9492:September 11,
9487:
9483:
9476:
9465:September 11,
9460:
9456:
9452:
9446:
9435:September 11,
9430:
9426:
9422:
9416:
9405:September 11,
9400:
9396:
9392:
9385:
9374:September 11,
9369:
9365:
9363:9781139446990
9359:
9355:
9354:
9346:
9338:
9332:
9328:
9322:
9306:
9302:
9296:
9288:
9286:0-13-063085-3
9282:
9278:
9273:
9272:
9266:
9260:
9241:
9234:
9228:
9212:
9208:
9207:
9202:
9196:
9189:
9185:
9180:
9178:
9176:
9164:September 12,
9159:
9155:
9149:
9141:
9139:0-691-04887-8
9135:
9131:
9124:
9115:
9106:
9090:
9086:
9080:
9078:
9076:
9074:
9072:
9070:
9068:
9066:
9064:
9062:
9060:
9058:
9056:
9054:
9052:
9050:
9048:
9036:September 11,
9031:
9027:
9021:
9019:
9017:
9005:September 11,
9000:
8996:
8990:
8988:
8976:September 28,
8971:
8967:
8963:
8956:
8940:
8936:
8932:
8925:
8914:September 11,
8909:
8905:
8901:
8895:
8884:September 15,
8879:
8875:
8869:
8858:September 11,
8853:
8849:
8842:
8831:September 11,
8826:
8822:
8820:9781139446990
8816:
8812:
8805:
8794:September 11,
8789:
8785:
8783:9781139446990
8779:
8775:
8768:
8752:
8748:
8744:
8737:
8735:
8723:September 11,
8718:
8714:
8710:
8703:
8697:
8693:
8690:
8688:
8678:
8671:
8667:
8664:
8658:
8651:
8647:
8644:
8639:
8633:
8629:
8626:
8620:
8612:
8607:
8596:September 11,
8591:
8587:
8583:
8576:
8565:September 11,
8560:
8556:
8550:
8539:September 11,
8534:
8530:
8526:
8519:
8508:September 11,
8503:
8499:
8495:
8491:
8485:
8476:
8465:September 28,
8460:
8456:
8452:
8445:
8434:September 28,
8429:
8425:
8421:
8414:
8398:
8394:
8390:
8383:
8367:
8363:
8359:
8352:
8336:
8332:
8328:
8321:
8305:
8301:
8297:
8290:
8279:September 28,
8274:
8270:
8266:
8259:
8248:September 11,
8243:
8239:
8235:
8228:
8217:September 28,
8209:
8202:
8195:
8179:
8175:
8171:
8164:
8153:September 11,
8148:
8144:
8140:
8133:
8122:September 11,
8117:
8113:
8109:
8102:
8091:September 11,
8086:
8082:
8078:
8072:
8061:September 11,
8056:
8052:
8048:
8042:
8031:September 28,
8026:
8022:
8018:
8012:
8001:September 28,
7996:
7992:
7988:
7981:
7965:
7961:
7955:
7944:September 28,
7939:
7935:
7931:
7925:
7923:
7921:
7907:September 28,
7902:
7898:
7894:
7890:
7883:September 28,
7878:
7874:
7869:
7857:
7853:
7849:
7844:
7843:
7837:
7826:September 11,
7821:
7817:
7813:
7806:
7795:September 11,
7790:
7786:
7782:
7776:
7767:
7765:
7753:September 11,
7748:
7744:
7742:0-618-17906-2
7738:
7734:
7727:
7725:
7716:
7710:
7706:
7705:
7697:
7691:, p. 42.
7690:
7685:
7678:
7673:
7658:
7654:
7647:
7632:
7628:
7621:
7615:, p. 45.
7614:
7609:
7602:
7597:
7581:
7577:
7570:
7563:
7559:
7556:
7552:
7548:
7545:
7539:
7523:
7519:
7513:
7511:
7503:
7499:
7496:
7490:
7488:
7480:
7476:
7473:
7467:
7465:
7445:
7441:
7438:
7432:
7413:
7409:
7406:
7400:
7377:
7373:
7370:
7364:
7357:
7353:
7350:
7344:
7333:September 11,
7328:
7324:
7322:9781139446990
7318:
7314:
7307:
7296:September 11,
7291:
7287:
7285:0-618-17906-2
7281:
7277:
7270:
7268:
7266:
7264:
7247:
7243:
7239:
7232:
7216:
7212:
7208:
7201:
7185:
7181:
7177:
7170:
7154:
7150:
7146:
7139:
7137:
7120:
7116:
7112:
7105:
7089:
7085:
7081:
7074:
7072:
7055:
7051:
7047:
7040:
7038:
7036:
7019:
7015:
7011:
7004:
7002:
6985:
6981:
6977:
6970:
6968:
6956:September 30,
6951:
6947:
6943:
6936:
6925:September 11,
6920:
6916:
6914:9781139446990
6910:
6906:
6899:
6897:
6895:
6893:
6884:
6880:
6876:
6870:
6859:September 11,
6854:
6850:
6848:0-618-17906-2
6844:
6840:
6833:
6826:
6815:
6811:
6804:
6788:
6784:
6780:
6774:
6758:
6754:
6750:
6744:
6733:September 11,
6728:
6724:
6720:
6714:
6712:
6695:
6691:
6687:
6681:
6665:
6661:
6657:
6651:
6635:
6631:
6627:
6621:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6591:
6575:
6571:
6567:
6561:
6559:
6542:
6538:
6534:
6528:
6512:
6508:
6504:
6498:
6482:
6478:
6474:
6470:
6466:
6462:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6445:
6437:
6428:
6426:
6409:
6405:
6404:
6399:
6393:
6382:September 11,
6377:
6373:
6371:0-618-17906-2
6367:
6363:
6356:
6345:September 11,
6340:
6336:
6334:9781139446990
6330:
6326:
6319:
6308:September 28,
6303:
6299:
6295:
6288:
6273:
6269:
6262:
6254:
6252:9781071836859
6248:
6244:
6237:
6226:September 17,
6221:
6217:
6211:
6204:
6198:
6191:
6185:
6169:
6165:
6161:
6157:
6155:
6146:
6138:
6132:
6128:
6124:
6118:
6107:
6103:
6100:
6095:
6091:
6088:
6083:
6072:September 11,
6067:
6063:
6061:0-618-17906-2
6057:
6053:
6046:
6030:
6026:
6020:
6011:
6002:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5971:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5940:
5929:September 11,
5924:
5920:
5918:0-618-17906-2
5914:
5910:
5903:
5901:
5889:September 11,
5884:
5880:
5876:
5870:
5854:
5850:
5844:
5828:
5824:
5817:
5808:
5799:
5783:
5779:
5763:
5759:
5744:
5740:
5736:
5725:
5717:
5710:
5694:
5690:
5684:
5673:September 20,
5668:
5664:
5660:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5637:September 11,
5632:
5628:
5626:9781139446990
5622:
5618:
5611:
5609:
5607:
5605:
5603:
5601:
5599:
5597:
5595:
5593:
5591:
5589:
5587:
5575:September 11,
5570:
5566:
5564:0-618-17906-2
5560:
5556:
5549:
5547:
5545:
5533:September 11,
5528:
5524:
5522:9781139446990
5518:
5514:
5507:
5505:
5493:September 11,
5488:
5484:
5482:0-253-34425-5
5478:
5474:
5473:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5459:
5457:
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5453:
5436:
5432:
5425:
5423:
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5413:
5411:
5409:
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5401:
5399:
5397:
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5389:
5387:
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5383:
5375:
5363:
5360:. p. 4.
5359:
5358:
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5347:
5332:
5330:9780195384208
5326:
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5310:
5294:
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5280:
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5216:
5203:
5199:
5198:
5193:
5187:
5183:
5169:
5163:
5156:
5155:West Virginia
5152:
5148:
5144:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5119:
5115:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
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5087:
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5080:
5077:
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5070:
5067:
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5047:
5046:
5040:
5038:
5034:
5029:
5027:
5023:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5011:court summons
5008:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4980:
4970:
4967:
4957:
4955:
4951:
4947:
4943:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4927:
4925:
4921:
4916:
4915:last minute.
4913:
4909:
4905:
4899:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4880:
4875:
4873:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4853:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4828:
4824:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4796:Richard Fenno
4793:
4783:
4781:
4777:
4767:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4752:
4742:
4739:
4734:
4723:
4707:
4705:
4688:
4684:
4683:
4679:, writing in
4678:
4670:
4669:
4664:
4655:
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4637:
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4630:
4627:
4622:
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4547:
4533:
4528:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4492:
4490:
4485:
4484:recorded vote
4479:
4477:
4473:
4468:
4466:
4462:
4461:pay-as-you-go
4458:
4454:
4450:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4433:
4425:
4420:
4417:
4413:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4395:
4391:
4386:
4383:
4379:
4374:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4359:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4332:
4327:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4306:
4296:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4278:address. The
4277:
4273:
4267:
4257:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4233:
4223:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4193:
4183:
4181:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4141:national debt
4138:
4133:
4132:to Congress.
4131:
4130:economic data
4127:
4123:
4117:
4107:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4034:
4029:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3998:
3993:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3976:subcommittees
3973:
3969:
3959:
3957:
3952:
3938:
3920:
3916:
3915:Congress Hall
3911:
3906:
3896:
3893:
3889:
3882:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3795:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3770:Richard Nixon
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3721:Ronald Reagan
3718:
3717:Richard Nixon
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3690:
3684:
3675:
3673:
3666:
3662:
3657:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3627:
3626:territories.
3623:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3590:
3586:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3559:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3538:voting rights
3535:
3531:
3527:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3494:Ronald Reagan
3490:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3343:
3341:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3320:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3237:Kamala Harris
3233:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3207:Jim Crow laws
3203:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3128:
3126:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3104:brinksmanship
3100:
3099:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3004:
3000:
2999:Great Society
2995:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2932:Supreme Court
2929:
2925:
2920:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2896:
2892:
2891:party control
2887:
2873:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2813:
2812:Supreme Court
2809:
2808:John Marshall
2805:
2801:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2772:James Madison
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2746:committee era
2743:
2739:
2738:formative era
2735:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2710:by population
2707:
2703:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2641:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2531:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2481:
2474:
2469:
2463:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2276:
2271:
2269:
2264:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2181:Voting rights
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:Equal footing
2050:
2048:
2047:Republicanism
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1915:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1888:Latin America
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1628:Republicanism
1626:
1624:
1623:Protectionism
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1579:
1578:Progressivism
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:Third parties
1489:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1466:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1401:West Virginia
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1306:New Hampshire
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:Massachusetts
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
992:
991:Chief Justice
989:
988:
985:
984:
980:
979:
976:
971:
970:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
945:
942:
941:
938:
937:
933:
932:
928:
927:Kamala Harris
925:
924:
921:
920:
916:
915:
911:
908:
907:
904:
903:
899:
898:
895:
890:
889:
881:
878:
875:
874:
870:
869:Chuck Schumer
867:
864:
863:
859:
856:
853:
852:
848:
847:Kamala Harris
845:
842:
841:
838:
837:
833:
832:
828:
825:
824:
820:
816:
813:
812:
808:
805:
802:
801:
797:
796:Steve Scalise
794:
791:
790:
786:
783:
780:
779:
776:
775:
771:
770:
768:
766:
761:
754:
753:
749:
748:
745:
740:
739:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
715:
714:
710:
709:
706:
701:
700:
694:
690:
689:
686:
685:United States
679:
678:
675:
672:
671:
663:
659:
654:
650:
643:
638:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
611:Meeting place
609:
606:
603:
599:
593:
590:
587:
583:
577:
574:
571:
567:
561:
558:
555:
551:
545:
540:
529:
528:
527:
526:
518:
511:
510:
509:
508:
500:
493:
492:
491:
488:
484:
479:
475:
470:
463:
456:
455:
454:
453:
452:Minority (49)
445:
438:
434:
427:
426:
425:
424:Majority (51)
422:
418:
413:
409:
404:
398:
394:
388:
385:
384:
381:
380:
378:
374:
369:
362:
358:
357:Steve Scalise
354:
351:
346:
339:
335:
331:
328:
323:
316:
312:
311:Chuck Schumer
308:
305:
300:
293:
289:
285:
282:
277:
273:
267:
263:
262:Kamala Harris
259:
256:
251:
246:
242:
236:
233:
230:
226:
211:
207:
202:
199:
195:
192:
188:
183:
178:
174:
169:
165:
160:
157:
153:
146:
143:
135:
132:
124:
114:
110:
106:
100:
96:
92:
91:
86:This article
84:
80:
75:
74:
69:
65:
48:
44:
40:
33:
28:
19:
21850:
21840:
21823:
21806:
21789:
21772:
21755:
21743:from Commons
21738:
21717:
21643:Sint Maarten
21569:Dependencies
21539:
21123:Turkmenistan
21098:South Africa
20834:
20719:legislatures
20590:Human rights
20570:Gun politics
20521:Islamophobia
20511:antisemitism
20379:Hospice care
20321:Middle class
20301:Homelessness
20278:Social class
20238:Social class
20102:Human rights
20092:Homelessness
20004:middle class
19969:Demographics
19944:Architecture
19851:Unemployment
19831:Labor unions
19579:Town meeting
19556:City council
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19154:Marine Corps
19144:Armed Forces
19119:civil rights
19099:Constitution
18918:
18671:Southwestern
18666:Southeastern
18656:Northwestern
18651:Northeastern
18616:Mid-Atlantic
18606:Great Plains
18324:World War II
18207:Constitution
18111:Colonial era
18090:2008–present
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13861:List (Joint)
13831:Of the Whole
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13616:Magic minute
13369:Slave owners
13352:2000–present
13298:Sikh members
13296:
13203:LGBT members
13129:Black Caucus
12905:118th (2023)
12900:117th (2021)
12895:116th (2019)
12890:115th (2017)
12885:114th (2015)
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3380:armed forces
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288:Patty Murray
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103:Please help
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31:
21872: /
21628:Puerto Rico
21575:territories
21520:Saint Lucia
21450:El Salvador
21230:(1969–1992)
21183:Puerto Rico
21173:Isle of Man
21088:Saint Lucia
21068:Philippines
21048:Netherlands
20988:Ivory Coast
20830:Switzerland
20820:South Sudan
20595:Immigration
20526:LGBT rights
20428:Food safety
20263:Video games
19856:Wall Street
19836:Public debt
19739:Agriculture
19675:nationalism
19387:Uniform act
19309:Legislative
19216:Territorial
19174:Coast Guard
19169:Space Force
18919:Legislative
18714:Red (South)
18704:Mississippi
18626:New England
18562:Appalachian
18532:Earthquakes
18429:Discoveries
18424:Demographic
18366:Vietnam War
18309:World War I
18304:Imperialism
18254:Indian Wars
18229:War of 1812
17747:Puerto Rico
17265:Mississippi
16993:Connecticut
16806:Immigration
16796:Environment
16657:By congress
16585:Philippines
16542:Puerto Rico
16050:Mississippi
15761:Connecticut
14823:Power Plant
14415:Law Library
14116:Cap. Police
14085:Legislative
13774:Senate hold
13681:Pocket veto
13656:Sponsorship
13636:Quorum call
13436:Impeachment
12810:99th (1985)
12805:98th (1983)
12800:97th (1981)
12795:96th (1979)
12790:95th (1977)
12785:94th (1975)
12780:93rd (1973)
12775:92nd (1971)
12770:91st (1969)
12765:90th (1967)
12758:New members
12464:U.S. Senate
12150:October 10,
11950:October 10,
11929:October 10,
11828:January 16,
11554:January 11,
11051:January 10,
10987:January 10,
10956:January 10,
10792:Utne Reader
9681:: 609–628.
8643:House Learn
7528:October 10,
6793:October 10,
6763:October 10,
6700:October 10,
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5336:October 22,
5033:federal law
4864:Farm League
4738:Gallup poll
4690:institution
4658:Perceptions
4626:free speech
4590:life tenure
4546:pocket veto
4476:quorum call
4124:(CBO) is a
4074:War of 1812
4006:Pro tempore
3768:. In 1974,
3607:Puerto Rico
3542:due process
3520:Enumeration
3453:investigate
3401:World War I
3389:War of 1812
3275:Congress's
2967:White House
2880: 1915
2857:Thomas Reed
2756:Federalists
2557:demographic
2499:impeachment
2427:third party
2400:re-election
2378:U.S. census
2366:apportioned
2291:legislature
2232:Purposivism
2212:Originalism
2176:Citizenship
2166:Due process
2037:Rule of law
1893:Arab League
1807:Visa policy
1683:Territorial
1496:Libertarian
1431:Puerto Rico
1281:Mississippi
1196:Connecticut
744:Legislature
664:, article I
444:Independent
21887:Categories
21857:38°53′23″N
21774:Quotations
21623:Montserrat
21425:Costa Rica
21210:Historical
21201:Somaliland
21138:Uzbekistan
21108:Tajikistan
21028:Madagascar
21008:Kazakhstan
20629:Xenophobia
20418:Disability
20359:Healthcare
20268:Visual art
20213:Philosophy
20159:television
20149:newspapers
20139:journalism
20129:Literature
20041:attainment
19692:Republican
19687:Democratic
19660:Ideologies
19621:Corruption
19186:NOAA Corps
19109:preemption
19104:federalism
18719:Rio Grande
18621:Midwestern
18601:West Coast
18596:East Coast
18439:Inventions
18351:Space Race
18346:Korean War
18329:home front
18264:Gilded Age
17624:Washington
17368:New Mexico
17352:New Jersey
16961:California
16551:Proposed (
16441:Washington
16169:New Mexico
16152:New Jersey
15727:California
15594:119 (2025)
15588:118 (2023)
15583:117 (2021)
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15486:100 (1987)
14786:facilities
14493:Serial Set
14381:Library of
14357:Postmaster
14320:Doorkeeper
14181:Historical
13836:Conference
13814:Committees
13799:Traditions
13724:Filibuster
13477:Privileges
13251:Physicians
13244:Occupation
12993:Vice-Chair
12594:Membership
12433:Audio help
12424:2006-08-04
11887:References
11864:1296619169
11856:The Jurist
11851:HeinOnline
10919:. Gallup.
10863:October 1,
10833:October 1,
10769:October 1,
10744:October 1,
10719:October 1,
10695:October 1,
10664:October 8,
10602:October 1,
10577:October 1,
10549:October 1,
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10373:October 1,
10002:October 1,
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9794:October 1,
9760:October 1,
9724:October 1,
9620:October 1,
9589:October 2,
8757:October 7,
8614:airspace."
8555:"Timeline"
8403:October 4,
8372:October 4,
8341:October 4,
8310:October 4,
8184:October 4,
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7252:October 2,
7221:October 2,
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7024:October 2,
6990:October 2,
6414:October 5,
5699:January 6,
5299:August 31,
5269:August 31,
5242:August 31,
5215:Democrats.
5124:Angus King
4973:Protection
4896:See also:
4852:Jim Cooper
4836:See also:
4821:See also:
4817:Privileges
4810:Henry Clay
4786:Motivation
4780:home style
4756:California
4675:Prominent
4535:do nothing
4525:proxy vote
4416:clean bill
4303:See also:
4226:Procedures
4056:; a large
3997:ex officio
3951:Committees
3899:Committees
3832:Dred Scott
3766:conviction
3613:, and the
3530:Fourteenth
3526:Thirteenth
3465:overseeing
3461:committees
3438:copyrights
3039:soft money
3029:soft money
2961:policies.
2841:Republican
2837:Gilded Age
2686:unicameral
2596:incumbents
2585:mass media
2583:, and the
2565:government
2561:minorities
2374:population
2237:Textualism
2042:Federalism
2019:Principles
1999:Amendments
1685:government
1671:Federalism
1613:Monarchism
1568:Liberalism
1483:Republican
1478:Democratic
1396:Washington
1316:New Mexico
1311:New Jersey
1186:California
534:Vacant (3)
525:Vacant (3)
517:Democratic
499:Republican
462:Republican
433:Democratic
248:Leadership
220:1789-03-04
105:improve it
95:verifiable
21860:77°0′32″W
21825:Resources
21808:Textbooks
21618:Greenland
21550:Venezuela
21495:Nicaragua
21465:Guatemala
21380:Argentina
20973:Indonesia
20740:Australia
20735:Argentina
20716:bicameral
20714:National
20612:Terrorism
20389:Rationing
20286:Affluence
20233:Sexuality
20201:Uncle Sam
20107:Languages
20036:Education
19979:affluence
19939:Americana
19866:Transport
19764:Insurance
19754:Companies
19734:By sector
19626:Elections
19267:Treasurer
19225:Executive
19164:Air Force
19136:Uniformed
18959:President
18776:Executive
18547:Mountains
18480:Territory
18468:Geography
18292:1954–1968
18287:1896–1954
18282:1865–1896
18244:Civil War
18085:1991–2008
18080:1980–1991
18075:1964–1980
18070:1945–1964
18065:1917–1945
18060:1865–1917
18055:1849–1865
18050:1815–1849
18045:1789–1815
18040:1776–1789
18033:By period
17656:Wisconsin
17544:Tennessee
17249:Minnesota
17169:Louisiana
16786:Education
16760:1901–2001
16755:1789–1901
16475:Wisconsin
16356:Tennessee
16033:Minnesota
15948:Louisiana
15641:Lists of
15481:99 (1985)
15476:98 (1983)
15471:97 (1981)
15466:96 (1979)
15461:95 (1977)
15456:94 (1975)
15451:93 (1973)
15446:92 (1971)
15441:91 (1969)
15430:90 (1967)
15425:89 (1965)
15420:88 (1963)
15415:87 (1961)
15410:86 (1959)
15405:85 (1957)
15400:84 (1955)
15395:83 (1953)
15390:82 (1951)
15385:81 (1949)
15374:80 (1947)
15369:79 (1945)
15364:78 (1943)
15359:77 (1941)
15354:76 (1939)
15349:75 (1937)
15344:74 (1935)
15339:73 (1933)
15334:72 (1931)
15329:71 (1929)
15318:70 (1927)
15313:69 (1925)
15308:68 (1923)
15303:67 (1921)
15298:66 (1919)
15293:65 (1917)
15288:64 (1915)
15283:63 (1913)
15278:62 (1911)
15273:61 (1909)
15262:60 (1907)
15257:59 (1905)
15252:58 (1903)
15247:57 (1901)
15242:56 (1899)
15237:55 (1897)
15232:54 (1895)
15227:53 (1893)
15222:52 (1891)
15217:51 (1889)
15206:50 (1887)
15201:49 (1885)
15196:48 (1883)
15191:47 (1881)
15186:46 (1879)
15181:45 (1877)
15176:44 (1875)
15171:43 (1873)
15166:42 (1871)
15161:41 (1869)
15150:40 (1867)
15145:39 (1865)
15140:38 (1863)
15135:37 (1861)
15130:36 (1859)
15125:35 (1857)
15120:34 (1855)
15115:33 (1853)
15110:32 (1851)
15105:31 (1849)
15094:30 (1847)
15089:29 (1845)
15084:28 (1843)
15079:27 (1841)
15074:26 (1839)
15069:25 (1837)
15064:24 (1835)
15059:23 (1833)
15054:22 (1831)
15049:21 (1829)
15038:20 (1827)
15033:19 (1825)
15028:18 (1823)
15023:17 (1821)
15018:16 (1819)
15013:15 (1817)
15008:14 (1815)
15003:13 (1813)
14998:12 (1811)
14993:11 (1809)
14982:10 (1807)
14761:Longworth
14691:buildings
14674:VP's Room
14335:Historian
14274:Librarian
14269:Historian
14254:Secretary
14240:Employees
14045:Roll Call
13856:Oversight
13784:Seniority
13651:Saxbe fix
13589:Expulsion
13503:Procedure
13441:Inquiries
13421:(Dormant)
13413:Copyright
13408:Article I
13347:1950–1999
13342:1900–1949
13337:1790–1899
13056:Districts
12971:Secretary
12932:President
12712:seniority
12686:Appointed
12649:seniority
12260:209487865
12252:0011-5266
12236:: 40–55.
11468:Bloomberg
11390:0362-4331
11356:0362-4331
11116:or state.
10759:USA Today
10627:USA Today
10343:March 30,
10144:USA Today
9750:USA Today
9644:USA Today
9610:USA TODAY
9543:USA Today
9095:April 20,
7586:March 15,
7180:USA TODAY
7149:USA Today
6477:231694131
6469:0898-0306
5178:Citations
5015:subpoenas
4856:Tennessee
4640:safe seat
4585:Incumbent
4363:procedure
4321:from 1960
4288:Jefferson
4215:Civil War
4066:was burnt
3980:oversight
3875:Structure
3756:in 1999,
3752:in 1868,
3745:defendant
3340:Keynesian
3235:In 2021,
3200:The Squad
3176:activists
2963:Roosevelt
2940:Lame duck
2917:Committee
2829:Civil War
2798:In 1800,
2702:bicameral
2504:The term
2358:districts
2342:Elections
2299:bicameral
1797:Passports
1692:Governors
1638:Anarchism
1633:Socialism
1406:Wisconsin
1371:Tennessee
1276:Minnesota
1251:Louisiana
1113:Elections
1028:Kavanaugh
1011:Sotomayor
975:Judiciary
910:Joe Biden
894:Executive
844:President
542:Elections
371:Structure
182:Bicameral
109:citations
21710:Politics
21583:Anguilla
21530:Suriname
21505:Paraguay
21480:Honduras
21435:Dominica
21420:Colombia
21390:Barbados
21143:Zimbabwe
21113:Thailand
21093:Slovenia
21063:Paraguay
20948:Eswatini
20918:Colombia
20908:Cameroon
20903:Cambodia
20873:Barbados
20805:Pakistan
20785:Malaysia
20775:Ethiopia
20668:Category
20364:Abortion
20228:Religion
20186:Columbia
20144:internet
20080:Holidays
20075:Folklore
20046:literacy
19984:eviction
19874:Aviation
19846:Taxation
19801:Currency
19794:by state
19704:Scandals
19574:Township
19332:Judicial
19233:Governor
18996:Judicial
18882:Marshals
18755:Politics
18709:Missouri
18699:Columbia
18694:Colorado
18689:Arkansas
18682:Longest
18661:Southern
18646:Northern
18490:counties
18444:Military
18434:Economic
18412:By topic
18391:Iraq War
18341:Cold War
18099:By event
17608:Virginia
17448:Oklahoma
17384:New York
17313:Nebraska
17281:Missouri
17233:Michigan
17201:Maryland
17153:Kentucky
17089:Illinois
17009:Delaware
16977:Colorado
16945:Arkansas
16774:By topic
16563:Obsolete
16553:Cherokee
16424:Virginia
16254:Oklahoma
16186:New York
16101:Nebraska
16067:Missouri
16016:Michigan
15982:Maryland
15931:Kentucky
15863:Illinois
15778:Delaware
15744:Colorado
15710:Arkansas
14977:9 (1805)
14972:8 (1803)
14967:7 (1801)
14962:6 (1799)
14957:5 (1797)
14952:4 (1795)
14947:3 (1793)
14942:2 (1791)
14937:1 (1789)
14592:painting
14383:Congress
14305:Chaplain
14259:Chaplain
14038:Politico
14031:The Hill
13881:Standing
13846:Hearings
13822:Chairman
13494:Immunity
13489:Franking
13484:Salaries
13418:Commerce
13260:Religion
12681:Resigned
12435: ·
12270:April 6,
12264:Archived
12230:Daedalus
12144:Archived
12092:Archived
11944:Archived
11923:Archived
11903:Archived
11899:Newsweek
11868:Archived
11860:ProQuest
11822:Archived
11810:CQ Press
11783:Archived
11744:Archived
11646:Archived
11613:Archived
11578:Archived
11576:. 1998.
11548:Archived
11517:Archived
11416:NBC News
11292:Archived
11265:Archived
11238:Archived
11198:Archived
11167:Archived
11136:Archived
11045:Archived
10950:Archived
10927:June 14,
10921:Archived
10894:Archived
10857:Archived
10827:Archived
10796:Archived
10763:Archived
10738:Archived
10689:Archived
10658:Archived
10596:Archived
10571:Archived
10543:Archived
10518:Archived
10458:Archived
10367:Archived
10334:Archived
10299:Archived
10259:Archived
10226:Archived
10173:Archived
10148:Archived
10123:Archived
10119:Newsweek
10087:Archived
10027:Archived
9966:Archived
9933:Archived
9908:Archived
9883:Archived
9858:Archived
9822:Archived
9818:Newsweek
9788:Archived
9754:Archived
9683:Archived
9648:Archived
9614:Archived
9583:Archived
9547:Archived
9486:Archived
9399:Archived
9368:Archived
9249:July 25,
9240:Archived
9211:Archived
9158:Archived
8970:Archived
8939:Archived
8908:Archived
8878:Archived
8852:Archived
8825:Archived
8788:Archived
8751:Archived
8747:BBC News
8717:Archived
8692:Archived
8666:Archived
8646:Archived
8628:Archived
8590:Archived
8559:Archived
8533:Archived
8502:Archived
8459:Archived
8428:Archived
8397:Archived
8366:Archived
8304:Archived
8273:Archived
8242:Archived
8208:Archived
8147:Archived
8116:Archived
7856:Archived
7820:Archived
7789:Archived
7747:Archived
7580:Archived
7558:Archived
7547:Archived
7522:Archived
7498:Archived
7475:Archived
7440:Archived
7408:Archived
7372:Archived
7352:Archived
7327:Archived
7290:Archived
7246:Archived
7215:Archived
7211:Newsweek
7184:Archived
7153:Archived
7088:Archived
7054:Archived
7018:Archived
6950:Archived
6919:Archived
6853:Archived
6487:March 2,
6481:Archived
6376:Archived
6339:Archived
6302:Archived
6168:Archived
6166:(1): 1.
6125:(2015).
6102:Archived
6090:Archived
6066:Archived
6029:Archived
5985:Archived
5954:Archived
5923:Archived
5853:Archived
5827:Archived
5782:Archived
5762:Archived
5743:Archived
5693:Archived
5667:Archived
5631:Archived
5569:Archived
5527:Archived
5487:Archived
5435:Archived
5368:March 5,
5362:Archived
5317:(2011).
5293:Archived
5289:POLITICO
5263:Archived
5236:Archived
5232:NBC News
5202:Archived
5197:Politico
5043:See also
5003:immunity
4966:franking
4725:—
4532:enrolled
4495:to vote
4437:recommit
4243:sessions
4237:Sessions
4180:pro bono
4159:Lobbying
4151:for the
3890:and the
3844:subpoena
3731:and the
3528:(1865),
3310:and the
3267:Overview
3190:and the
3154:and the
3016:Lobbying
2959:New Deal
2571:such as
2507:Congress
2445:Overview
2382:at-large
2323:governor
2297:. It is
1994:Articles
1986:Overview
1618:Populism
1603:Feminism
1391:Virginia
1341:Oklahoma
1321:New York
1296:Nebraska
1286:Missouri
1271:Michigan
1261:Maryland
1246:Kentucky
1226:Illinois
1201:Delaware
1191:Colorado
1181:Arkansas
726:Taxation
647:congress
600:election
584:election
568:election
552:election
121:May 2024
43:reviewed
21672:Portals
21608:Curaçao
21593:Bermuda
21545:Uruguay
21485:Jamaica
21460:Grenada
21445:Ecuador
21400:Bolivia
21385:Bahamas
21274:Related
21168:Bermuda
21133:Uruguay
21078:Romania
21043:Namibia
21038:Myanmar
21033:Morocco
21023:Liberia
21018:Lesotho
20993:Jamaica
20978:Ireland
20963:Grenada
20898:Burundi
20893:Bolivia
20878:Belarus
20868:Bahrain
20863:Bahamas
20853:Algeria
20845:Unitary
20815:Somalia
20800:Nigeria
20750:Belgium
20745:Austria
20727:Federal
20652:Outline
20600:illegal
20585:Smoking
20448:Obesity
20331:Poverty
20253:Theater
20243:Society
20097:Housing
20058:Fashion
20014:poverty
19959:Cuisine
19931:Culture
19918:Society
19879:Driving
19806:Exports
19784:Tourism
19744:Banking
19722:Economy
19682:Parties
19526:Charter
19490:Sheriff
18937:Speaker
18805:Cabinet
18768:Federal
18676:Western
18641:Eastern
18636:Central
18631:Pacific
18591:Regions
18542:Islands
18025:History
17672:Wyoming
17592:Vermont
17297:Montana
17105:Indiana
17041:Georgia
17025:Florida
16929:Arizona
16897:Alabama
16811:Tariffs
16748:By year
16492:Wyoming
16407:Vermont
16084:Montana
15880:Indiana
15812:Georgia
15795:Florida
15693:Arizona
15659:Alabama
14842:Related
14771:Rayburn
14766:O'Neill
14725:Russell
14706:Dirksen
14555:Rotunda
14396:reports
14264:Curator
14227:Library
14186:Library
14176:Curator
14162:Offices
14087:offices
13961:memoirs
13939:memoirs
13922:History
13709:Classes
13559:Cloture
13537:Censure
13312:Related
13028:Leaders
13016:Speaker
12956:Leaders
12918:Leaders
12707:Members
12671:Classes
12644:Members
12601:Members
12489:Current
12422: (
12393:minutes
11680:May 17,
11619:(PDF).
11523:May 22,
11492:May 17,
11447:May 15,
11421:May 15,
11395:May 15,
11361:May 15,
11327:May 15,
11110:op. cit
10734:Reuters
10709:Reuters
10393:Reuters
9992:Reuters
8945:May 22,
8935:Lawfare
8143:Reuters
7662:May 17,
7636:May 17,
6819:May 17,
6277:May 17,
5981:FindLaw
5147:Arizona
5136:Vermont
5026:slander
4987:treason
4960:Postage
4940:By the
4760:Wyoming
4704:against
4513:ID card
4505:present
4407:mark-up
4367:revenue
4346:number.
4070:British
3992:speaker
3986:Officer
3852:perjury
3785:Cabinet
3776:in the
3740:impeach
3293:(CV-31)
3174:, when
3055:lawyers
2624:History
2492:revenue
2421:or the
2293:of the
2289:is the
2006:History
1536:history
1411:Wyoming
1386:Vermont
1291:Montana
1231:Indiana
1211:Georgia
1206:Florida
1176:Arizona
1166:Alabama
1038:Jackson
1033:Barrett
1023:Gorsuch
952:Cabinet
782:Speaker
640:Website
218: (
209:Founded
204:History
99:neutral
21573:other
21500:Panama
21490:Mexico
21470:Guyana
21455:France
21410:Canada
21405:Brazil
21395:Belize
21083:Rwanda
21073:Poland
21003:Jordan
20953:France
20888:Bhutan
20883:Belize
20810:Russia
20790:Mexico
20765:Canada
20760:Brazil
20673:Portal
20580:Hunger
20531:racism
20472:Issues
20346:Health
20248:Sports
20208:People
20053:Family
20024:wealth
19949:Cinema
19774:Mining
19759:Energy
19504:Cities
19472:County
19406:Tribal
18944:Senate
18788:powers
18684:rivers
18557:ranges
18525:states
18449:Postal
17464:Oregon
17320:Nevada
17137:Kansas
17057:Hawaii
16913:Alaska
16791:Energy
16514:Others
16271:Oregon
16118:Nevada
15914:Kansas
15829:Hawaii
15676:Alaska
15651:States
14833:Subway
14751:Cannon
14699:Senate
14689:Office
14425:THOMAS
14247:Senate
14169:Senate
14020:C-SPAN
13902:Gavels
13851:Markup
13731:Manual
13552:Senate
13401:Powers
13218:Senate
13214:Women
13119:Senate
13082:Groups
12925:Senate
12724:Former
12661:Former
12637:Senate
12543:Senate
12343:
12304:
12258:
12250:
12213:
12190:
12169:
12084:
12063:
12019:
11999:
11976:
11862:
11736:
11388:
11354:
11230:
11037:
10886:
10291:
9360:
9333:
9283:
9136:
8817:
8780:
8683:
7739:
7711:
7456:
7452:
7448:
7424:
7420:
7416:
7392:
7388:
7384:
7380:
7319:
7282:
6911:
6845:
6475:
6467:
6368:
6331:
6249:
6205:(1997)
6192:(1985)
6133:
6110:
6058:
5915:
5623:
5561:
5519:
5479:
5327:
5139:caucus
4997:, and
4993:, and
4991:felony
4948:, the
4904:income
4872:Street
4870:
4844:, and
4825:, and
4720:
4716:
4712:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4541:
4537:
4472:quorum
4453:ad hoc
4441:quorum
4428:
4412:tabled
4358:hopper
4292:Wilson
4253:
4186:Police
4008:means
3762:trials
3723:, and
3681:
3609:, the
3544:, and
3504:, and
3431:
3417:Truman
3403:, and
3395:, the
3391:, the
3361:checks
3256:Powers
3061:, and
3051:
3047:
2835:. The
2727:within
2553:gained
2537:
2435:caucus
2417:, the
2370:states
2368:among
2199:Theory
1873:Canada
1853:Russia
1707:Courts
1573:Modern
1556:Social
1551:Paleo-
1346:Oregon
1301:Nevada
1241:Kansas
1216:Hawaii
1171:Alaska
1001:Thomas
836:Senate
731:Policy
582:Senate
550:Senate
532:
514:
496:
459:
441:
430:
417:Senate
359: (
313: (
290: (
270:since
264: (
194:Senate
190:Houses
21791:Texts
21740:Media
21588:Aruba
21475:Haiti
21415:Chile
21103:Spain
21058:Palau
21013:Kenya
20998:Japan
20983:Italy
20968:Haiti
20958:Gabon
20913:Chile
20825:Sudan
20795:Nepal
20780:India
20770:Egypt
20659:Index
20484:Crime
20354:Aging
20171:Names
20166:Music
20154:radio
20134:Media
19964:Dance
19954:Crime
19789:Trade
19546:Mayor
19495:Clerk
19463:Local
19205:State
18724:Yukon
18567:Rocky
18552:peaks
17560:Texas
17185:Maine
17073:Idaho
16739:118th
16734:117th
16729:116th
16724:115th
16719:114th
16714:113th
16709:112th
16704:111th
16699:110th
16694:109th
16689:108th
16684:107th
16679:106th
16674:105th
16669:104th
16373:Texas
15965:Maine
15846:Idaho
14784:Other
14734:House
14536:Crypt
14345:Board
14340:Pages
14315:Clerk
14298:House
14279:Pages
14195:House
14121:Board
14013:Media
13895:Items
13646:Rider
13547:House
13446:Trial
13223:House
13124:House
13009:House
12988:Chair
12966:Chair
12700:House
12562:119th
12558:118th
12554:117th
12256:S2CID
12119:(PDF)
12112:(PDF)
10337:(PDF)
10326:(PDF)
9243:(PDF)
9236:(PDF)
8211:(PDF)
8204:(PDF)
6473:S2CID
5128:Maine
5110:Notes
4465:paygo
4451:, an
4399:chair
3962:Power
3856:House
3308:Nixon
3182:like
3136:Trump
2770:that
2594:Most
2551:have
1868:Japan
1863:India
1858:China
1736:Mayor
1679:State
1541:Black
1501:Green
1376:Texas
1256:Maine
1221:Idaho
1016:Kagan
1006:Alito
596:Next
580:Next
564:Last
548:Last
519:(212)
501:(220)
376:Seats
21757:News
21510:Peru
21430:Cuba
21053:Oman
20223:Race
20068:list
20063:Flag
19602:list
19446:list
19357:list
19297:list
19250:list
19238:list
19214:and
19159:Navy
19149:Army
19019:list
18731:Time
18611:Gulf
17951:2024
17944:2023
17937:2022
17930:2021
17923:2020
17916:2019
17909:2018
17902:2017
17895:2016
17888:2015
17881:2014
17874:2013
17867:2012
17860:2011
17853:2010
17846:2009
17839:2008
17832:2007
17825:2006
17818:2005
17811:2004
17804:2003
17797:2002
17790:2001
17783:2000
17724:Guam
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