895:(GOdF) recognized a Masonic group in Louisiana which was not recognized by the Grand Lodge of Louisiana (GLL). This was seen by GLL as an invasion of its jurisdiction, and it withdrew its recognition of GOdF. At the request of GLL, several other American Grand Lodges also withdrew recognition. There is evidence that racial motivations may have played a part in this derecognition. The GOdF had recently passed a resolution stating that "neither color, race, nor religion should disqualify a man for initiation" and the Grand Lodge of Louisiana strictly excluded blacks and those of mixed race. The initial schism was not unanimous in the U.S.; many American Grand Lodges continued to recognize the GOdF well into the 20 century.
907:". While the Anglo-American tradition had long required candidates to acknowledge a belief in deity, the GOdF removed that requirement, stating that laïcité "imposes that all men are given, without distinction of class, origin or denomination, the means to be themselves, to have the freedom of choice, to be responsible for their own maturity and masters of their destiny." In sum, the GOdF would admit atheists, while the lodges in the Anglo-American tradition would not. The United Grand Lodge of England then withdrew its recognition, and declared the GOdF to be "irregular." As other jurisdictions tended to follow the lead of either GOdF or UGLE, the schism widened.
2446:
3419:
1050:
2433:
42:
1703:
Everyone knows that the Grand Orient Lodges of Europe and Latin
America have been anti-clerical from the start. For the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith to advise Catholics against joining these Grand Orient Lodges would be like the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
1024:
Continental style Lodges exist in most regions of the world. Throughout
Continental Europe, Latin America, most of the Caribbean and most of Africa, they are the predominant tradition of Freemasonry, while in the United States of America, the British Commonwealth, and those nations colonized by these
929:
The difference was not limited to the requirement in belief. Following the 1877 changes, the Grand Orient also removed all references to the Grand
Architect of the Universe from its rite, and removed the Volume of the Sacred Law (which in France was the Bible) from its ritual. These elements had been
1887:
In truth all the 'anti-clerical' Masonic reforms carried out in France since 1877, such as the secularization of education, measures against private
Christian schools and charitable establishments, the suppression of the religious orders and the spoliation of the Church, professedly culminate in an
1094:
Continental style
Freemasonry is prevalent in most of the continent (as its name suggests), although there are smaller numbers of members following the Anglo-American tradition in those nations also. Liberal Continental Freemasonry is present in the majority in most European countries. However, in
1113:
Although some
Continental style organizations exist in the United States of America, they are a tiny minority there and have substantially larger (but still minor) numbers in Canada. In Mexico, however, Continental Freemasonry dominates. These Grand Lodges, Grand Orients and Masonic Orders usually
965:. The Encyclopedia saw Freemasonry as the primary force of French anti-clericalism from 1877 onwards, again citing official documents of French Masonry to support its claim. According to one historian, Masonic hostility continued into the early twentieth century with the
1145:
Continental
Freemasonry holds the majority in some nations, especially in French and Portuguese speaking areas (but is minority in English speaking areas). It tends to originate from former colonies of France, Portugal and Belgium and Belgian. African leaders such as
2960:
878:
American countries, Continental Europe and much of Africa the GOdF-style or
European Continental Freemasonry predominates, although those nations may also have smaller Grand Lodges and Grand Orients that are part of the “Regular” tradition.
1313:…which are convinced that the social, moral and intellectual liberation of men and women will be the result of an unending struggle against dogmatic limitations, sectarian forces and ideologies that violate adogmatic freemasonry;…
1033:
Throughout Latin
America and the Caribbean, both Continental and Anglo-American, conservative jurisdictions exist but Continental style Masonic Bodies predominate. In Brazil, for example, the largest and oldest Masonic body, the
989:
Mexican
Freemasonry was also seen as following the pattern of Continental Freemasonry in other Latin-speaking countries, viewed as becoming more anti-clerical during the nineteenth century, particularly because they adopted the
1920:
From the fall of the MacMahon government in 1877 to the start of World War II, Masonic politicians controlled the French government. They passed anticlerical laws designed to restrict the Church's influence, especially in
1192:
This new concept of Freemasonry - of Absolute Freedom of Conscience which was born on the "Convent" (Annual General Meeting) of 1877 and whose gave birth to a new form of practise in Freemasonry which is called Liberal
1002:
2684:
550:
1041:
In many Latin American countries, the Masonic split has mirrored political divisions. Rivalry between two factions in Mexican Freemasonry is said to have contributed to the Mexican civil war.
1038:
is recognised by Anglo-American jurisdictions. Nevertheless, when its membership numbers are compared to the members of all of the Continental style Masonic Bodies, it remains a minority.
986:, on Freemasonry. Into the 1890s the Church would justify its calls for Catholics to avoid dealings with the Italian state with a reference to the state's supposed "Masonic" nature.
950:
Continental Freemasonry has been concentrated in traditionally Catholic countries and has been seen by Catholic critics as an outlet for anti-Catholic disaffection. Many particularly
1932:"It also links Freemasonry with the Society of the Carbonari, known as the "Charcoal Burners", who at that time were active in Italy and were believed to be a revolutionary group" (
970:
923:
state that "A Mason is oblig'd by his Tenure, to obey the moral Law, and if he rightly understands the Art, he will never be a stupid Atheist, nor an irreligious Libertine."
1761:
French Masonry and above all the Grand Orient of France has displayed the most systematic activity as the dominating political element in the French "Kulturkampf" since 1877
1359:
3345:
3298:
3003:
1390:
3293:
1999:"The president of the Union of Catholic Professional Fraternities, Luis Labiano, said this week a "tremendous crusade by Masonry against the Church" exists in Spain."
835:, TRACIA, CIMAS, COMAM, CATENA, GLUA, or any of various other international organizations of Liberal, i.e., Continental Freemasonry. The larger number of Freemasons,
887:
There are several reasons for the schism in Freemasonry, and why it persists. The first instance of derecognition occurred in the United States shortly after the
2000:
263:
1016:
and the 51 US Grand Lodges, have often claimed that the anticlericalism of the Continental Branch of Freemasonry is a "deviation" from proper Freemasonry.
915:
There is some debate about when Anglo-American Freemasonry began requiring a belief in Deity. It may have dated from the earliest days of Freemasonry: the
1280:
Nevertheless, the Vatican, with its long experience of Latin Freemasonry, has not altered its opposition to and disapproval of all brands of Freemasonry
1976:"As the 19th Century went on, Mexican Masonry embraced the degree system authored by Albert Pike and grew ever more anticlerical, regardless of Rite" (
1222:
2034:
1690:
942:
is that political discussion is allowed in Lodges following the Continental tradition, while it is strictly banned in the Anglo-American tradition.
2888:
2710:
1634:
919:, the oldest known Masonic document dating from 1425–50, states that a Mason "must love well God and holy church always." James Anderson's 1723
3133:
1558:
1413:
787:
2551:
2318:
326:
2051:
1070:
Continental style Freemasonry originated in France and its members make up the overwhelming majority of Freemasons in the nation. The
3109:
2883:
2224:
1171:
1108:
364:
916:
1572:
1351:
2919:
2848:
961:
credited Freemasonry for the French Revolution and its persecution of the Church, citing a claim made in a document from the
292:
3340:
1382:
1686:
1078:(also within the Continental tradition) second in membership. The third largest Masonic body is the Anglo-American style
1957:"Masonry has confiscated the inheritance of public charity; fill the void, then, with the treasure of private relief" (
2589:
1979:
1079:
3191:
2659:
2579:
1828:
1793:
1534:
1265:
1134:
780:
199:
2242:
2159:
1490:
2311:
836:
759:
321:
3399:
3254:
2649:
2644:
2634:
1292:
505:
234:
3448:
2639:
2629:
2599:
2569:
2191:
2020:
1602:
694:
689:
3453:
3234:
3226:
3083:
3033:
3008:
2991:
2541:
2536:
2496:
2461:
2362:
1888:
anti-Christian and irreligious reorganization of human society, not only in France but throughout the world..
1013:
860:
844:
840:
634:
535:
354:
214:
174:
930:
present in French freemasonry before 1849. Instead, the Masonic Constitution is often used in replacement.
3335:
3330:
3303:
2833:
2763:
2607:
2412:
2381:
773:
500:
462:
81:
2016:
3394:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3056:
3026:
2813:
2803:
2526:
2450:
2304:
2031:
1217:
920:
719:
457:
407:
359:
154:
1209:
3046:
2728:
2689:
2531:
2472:
1674:
939:
397:
86:
71:
1625:
3373:
3368:
3013:
2914:
2793:
2788:
2723:
2619:
2119:
669:
482:
287:
3038:
903:
The schism widened in 1877 when the GOdF changed its constitutions to allow for complete religious "
3239:
3104:
3073:
2929:
2904:
2838:
2818:
2773:
2624:
1035:
754:
729:
644:
369:
179:
1137:(GLFB or WGLB), and the Feminine Grand Lodge of France also have liberal lodges in North America.
3249:
3244:
3051:
2986:
2878:
2856:
2828:
2798:
2783:
2778:
2768:
2758:
2738:
2564:
2501:
1785:
1257:
1125:
Within the United States of America there are scattered Masonic Orders and Grand Lodges, such as
954:
regimes in traditionally Catholic countries were perceived as having strong Masonic connections.
875:
714:
699:
589:
452:
219:
76:
1873:
1747:
1718:
839:–where Regular Freemasonry holds a virtual monopoly–belong to Masonic lodges that recognize the
3171:
3153:
3148:
3119:
3078:
3068:
3021:
2996:
2743:
2718:
2584:
2506:
2372:
2336:
1071:
1058:
892:
867:
824:
749:
704:
664:
629:
624:
614:
609:
594:
477:
258:
253:
224:
204:
109:
66:
2055:
3352:
3264:
3114:
2924:
2870:
2753:
2664:
2654:
2612:
2574:
2407:
2367:
2348:
1879:
1753:
1724:
1682:
1151:
1075:
744:
734:
709:
684:
619:
599:
530:
311:
282:
277:
194:
2094:
1775:
3443:
3422:
3099:
3063:
2909:
2823:
2733:
2594:
2546:
2437:
1446:
Pieyns, René (1999). "3. De universele vrijmetselarij" [3. Universal Freemasonry].
1126:
904:
724:
679:
654:
639:
571:
510:
25:
8:
2808:
2748:
2392:
1659:
1129:, the George Washington Union (GWU), the Omega Grand Lodge of the State of New York, and
739:
674:
659:
649:
604:
472:
467:
427:
119:
114:
2221:
3325:
3259:
3163:
1552:
966:
888:
820:
447:
442:
349:
164:
1012:
Freemasons attached to the more mainstream branch of Freemasonry, affiliated with the
926:
The GOdF required belief in God from 1849 until 1877, and then reversed its position.
2387:
1834:
1824:
1799:
1789:
1540:
1530:
1526:
1461:
1271:
1261:
1179:
545:
520:
412:
2001:
Spanish Catholic organization blames Masons for “tremendous crusade” against Church
1962:
Custodi di Quella Fede (Encyclical of Pope Leo XIII promulgated on 8 December 1892)
432:
1580:
980:, to Freemasonry and blamed the anticlerical direction of Italian Unification, or
3196:
3158:
2975:
2246:
2228:
2038:
1732:
Masonry, which prepared the Revolution of 1789, has the duty to continue its work
1147:
1130:
1083:
1054:
1053:
A masonic medallion issued by the Masonic Lodge "Vistina – La Verite" in Skopje,
976:
In Italy, the Church linked the anticlerical and nationalist secret society, the
540:
169:
159:
870:(GOdF), and the various Grand Lodges in France, with varying and shifting amity.
2954:
2422:
2340:
2286:
2206:
1960:
558:
392:
297:
229:
144:
1903:
1838:
1803:
3437:
3404:
3280:
2445:
2417:
2402:
2397:
2344:
2195:
2077:
1655:
1465:
991:
951:
816:
515:
437:
417:
189:
184:
61:
1978:
Salinas E., Oscar J. (Senior Grand Warden-York/Mexico) (10 September 1999),
1872:
1746:
1717:
1544:
1275:
3389:
1985:
1818:
1779:
1096:
982:
973:
can be credited to the Grand Orient de France, based on Masonic documents.
563:
344:
209:
2685:
United Grand Lodge of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory
2188:
1447:
2377:
2327:
2287:
The International Order of Freemasonry for Men and Women, Le Droit Humain
2239:
2167:
1820:
Church and State after the Dreyfus Affair: The Separation Issue in France
1520:
1251:
1133:, that belong to the Continental or Progressive Universal Tradition. The
995:
859:
the Anglo/American "Regular" tradition of jurisdictions, typified by the
525:
422:
402:
56:
33:
2207:
The International Order of Freemasonry for Men and Women Le Droit Humain
2145:
2258:
2217:
1238:
So far does this militant atheism of 'Latin Freemasonry' in France go,…
374:
2004:
1502:
1049:
1009:
government on a "tremendous crusade by Masonry against the Church."
2095:"Organization - Ordre Maçonnique Mixte International Le Droit Humain"
1935:
1730:(Footnote 163 cites the Circular of the Grand Orient of France thus:
1006:
977:
149:
41:
3204:
2432:
1704:
advising blacks against applying for membership in the Ku Klux Klan
1457:
1300:
866:
the European "Continental" tradition of jurisdictions, typified by
316:
248:
2339:
with origins in the United Kingdom in the 18th century, sorted by
2291:
1610:
1115:
828:
1654:. 75th Annual Communication, Grand Lodge of Iowa, A.F.&A.M.
843:
and do not recognize Continental Freemasons, regarding them as "
1573:"Observatory of Freedom of Conscience: White Book of "Laïcité""
1449:
Het rijke maçonnieke leven: handboek van de jonge vrijmetselaar
971:
1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State
2296:
1154:
belong to Masonic lodges allied with Continental Freemasonry.
1086:
founded in 1893 has 32,000 members in more than 60 countries.
1624:
Moore, Ernest R. (1939). "The World War Period (1915-1919)".
1119:
832:
855:
Freemasonry has two branches "not in mutual regular amity":
1082:. The International Order of Freemasonry for Men and Women
1019:
2123:
1325:
863:(UGLE), and the various Grand Lodges in the United States.
1501:. Scottish Rite Research Society: 221–244. Archived from
2677:
945:
2278:
1491:"U.S. Recognition of French Grand Lodges in the 1900s"
1454:
The Rich Masonic Life: Handbook of the Young Freemason
998:, which the Catholic Church saw as anti-clerical.
969:
and, according to the old Catholic Encyclopedia, the
933:
2099:
Ordre Maçonnique Mixte International le Droit Humain
1633:. Vol. 3. Grand Lodge of Iowa. pp. 46–52.
1352:"Grand Orient of France Votes Against Women Members"
910:
1250:Glazier, Michael; Hellwig, Monika K., eds. (2004).
3192:Order of Royal and Select Masters (Anglo-European)
1965:, Eternal Word Television Network, p. Para 18
1414:"Address to the 2002 California Masonic Symposium"
1028:
1910:. Vol. 6. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 135
3435:
2084:, Vol. 6, pp.132–139. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
2041:, Fr Adrian Beck, Catholic Herald, 11 April 2009
1210:"Caillaux's Secret Power Through French Masonry"
1937:Roman Catholic Church Law Regarding Freemasonry
1627:History of Grand Lodge of Iowa, A.F.&.A.M.
1249:
1114:belong to international organizations such as
1074:is the largest Masonic jurisdiction, with the
850:
2312:
1958:
1845:
1057:. The lodge is under the jurisdiction of the
781:
2552:Grand Landlodge of the Freemasons of Germany
1675:"The Pastoral Problem of Masonic Membership"
327:International Order of the Rainbow for Girls
2265:, September 1997. Retrieved 15 August 2008.
2259:Africa's Freemasons – A strange inheritance
1127:the Honorable Order of Universal Co-Masonry
1089:
1003:Union of Catholic Professional Fraternities
938:Another difference between Continental and
2319:
2305:
1977:
1557:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1514:
1512:
1374:
1343:
1203:
1201:
788:
774:
1981:Mexican Masonry – Politics & Religion
1595:
1484:
1482:
1122:, CIMAS, COMAM, GLUA, TRACIA and others.
1005:blamed the anti-clerical measures of the
1933:
1895:
1864:
1781:Catholic Values and Australian Realities
1773:
1767:
1738:
1709:
1460:: Fonds Marcel Hofmans. pp. 12–26.
1441:
1439:
1350:Hodapp, Christopher (5 September 2009).
1207:
1109:Continental Freemasonry in North America
1048:
1025:powers they are virtually non-existent.
1020:Continental Freemasonry across the world
882:
3092:
2251:
1993:
1640:from the original on 25 September 2015.
1565:
1518:
1509:
1383:"More Squabbles in the Irregular World"
1381:Hodapp, Christopher (18 January 2011).
1198:
365:Christian attitudes towards Freemasonry
3436:
3220:Holy Royal Arch Knight Templar Priests
1870:
1816:
1810:
1744:
1715:
1672:
1666:
1488:
1479:
1445:
1380:
1349:
1285:
1208:Johnston, Charles (24 February 1918).
1164:
837:most of whom live in the United States
2300:
1901:
1623:
1617:
1522:Freemasonry in the Eastern Hemisphere
1436:
1411:
1393:from the original on 10 November 2013
1228:from the original on 5 September 2021
1044:
946:Relationship with the Catholic Church
293:Prince Hall Order of the Eastern Star
3269:Sovereign Order of Knights Preceptor
2120:"The Regular Grand Lodge of Belgium"
1644:
1405:
1095:Germanic states, Anglo-American and
3223:Knights of the York Cross of Honour
2152:
2032:Good Catholics Should Not be Masons
1687:U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops
1673:Whalen, William A. (27 June 1985).
1326:"Grande Alliance Maçonnique TRACIA"
13:
1362:from the original on 25 April 2017
1243:
934:Political discussion in the lodges
14:
3465:
2272:
1418:Ritual, Secrecy and Civil Society
1330:Grande Alliance Maçonnique TRACIA
1260:: Liturgical Press. p. 330.
1256:(Revised and expanded ed.).
911:Background on the belief in Deity
200:Order of Royal and Select Masters
3418:
3417:
3159:Holy Royal Arch (Anglo-European)
2444:
2431:
2292:Grand Masosonic Alliance, TRACIA
2218:Grande Loge FĂ©minine de Belgique
2017:15. Are Freemasons anticlerical?
1693:from the original on 9 June 2013
1253:The modern Catholic encyclopedia
1102:
40:
3400:Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory
2326:
2233:
2211:
2200:
2182:
2138:
2112:
2087:
2070:
2044:
2025:
2010:
1970:
1951:
1934:McInvale, Reid (18 June 2013),
1926:
1080:Grande Loge Nationale Française
1029:Latin America and the Caribbean
506:Great Architect of the Universe
2279:Grand Orient de France Website
2240:Feminine Grand Lodge of France
2021:Regular Grand Lodge of Belgium
1318:
1135:Women's Grand Lodge Of Belgium
898:
1:
3235:Order of Saint Thomas of Acon
3164:Royal Arch Masonry (American)
2542:Norwegian Order of Freemasons
2537:Icelandic Order of Freemasons
2497:United Grand Lodge of England
2080:, hosted at trosch.org. from
1874:"Masonry (Freemasonry)"
1748:"Masonry (Freemasonry)"
1719:"Masonry (Freemasonry)"
1603:"Can Freemasonry be Secular?"
1412:Bauer, Alain (Winter 2013) .
1157:
1014:United Grand Lodge of England
861:United Grand Lodge of England
841:United Grand Lodge of England
536:List of Masonic Abbreviations
355:Grand Anti-Masonic Exhibition
215:Order of Saint Thomas of Acon
3304:Supreme Council of Louisiana
2007:. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
1519:Denslow, Ray Vaughn (1954).
501:Masonic ritual and symbolism
82:Regular Masonic jurisdiction
7:
3272:York Rite Sovereign College
3245:Reformed and Rectified Rite
3187:Order of the Secret Monitor
3177:Order of Mark Master Masons
2527:Swedish Order of Freemasons
1607:La Loge Hiram, GOdF, London
1218:The New York Times Magazine
851:Two branches of Freemasonry
360:Masonic conspiracy theories
304:Masonic youth organizations
155:Order of Mark Master Masons
10:
3470:
3197:Cryptic Masonry (American)
2690:Grand Lodge of New Zealand
2532:Danish Order of Freemasons
1106:
940:Anglo-American Freemasonry
87:Anglo-American Freemasonry
3413:
3382:
3361:
3318:
3279:
3231:Masonic Order of the Bath
3213:
3182:Order of the Scarlet Cord
3141:
3132:
2968:
2946:
2897:
2884:Newfoundland and Labrador
2869:
2847:
2709:
2702:
2678:Australia and New Zealand
2519:
2489:
2482:
2471:
2457:headquarters (1775/1933-)
2429:
2355:
2334:
2227:29 September 2007 at the
2160:"George Washington Union"
2082:New Catholic Encyclopedia
2052:"MIT Freemasonry webpage"
1940:, Texas Lodge of Research
1908:New Catholic Encyclopedia
1860:: 164–172, 241–250. 1905.
1852:"Freemasonry in France".
1140:
1065:
1001:The president of Spain's
994:degree system created by
483:List of Masonic buildings
463:Mark Masons' Hall, London
288:Order of the Eastern Star
3240:Red Cross of Constantine
1871:Gruber, Hermann (1910).
1817:Larkin, Maurice (1974).
1774:Franklin, James (2006).
1745:Gruber, Hermann (1910).
1716:Gruber, Hermann (1910).
1099:traditions predominate.
1090:Other European countries
1036:Grande Oriente do Brasil
458:Freemasons' Hall, London
370:Papal ban of Freemasonry
270:Masonic groups for women
180:Red Cross of Constantine
3250:Royal Order of Scotland
2857:Prince Hall Freemasonry
2502:Grand Lodge of Scotland
2337:Fraternal organisations
2245:28 October 2008 at the
2164:George Washington Union
2037:29 January 2012 at the
1902:Goyau, Georges (1967).
1786:Connor Court Publishing
1776:"Freemasonry in Europe"
1759:VII. Outer work, thus:
1662:. 1918. pp. 25–29.
1258:Collegeville, Minnesota
801:Continental Freemasonry
453:Lodge Mother Kilwinning
220:Royal Order of Scotland
92:Continental Freemasonry
77:Prince Hall Freemasonry
3172:Order of Knight Masons
3154:Grand College of Rites
3149:Allied Masonic Degrees
2507:Grand Lodge of Ireland
2146:"Universal Co-Masonry"
1959:Pope Leo XIII (1999),
1577:Grand Orient de France
1387:Freemasons For Dummies
1356:Freemasons For Dummies
1176:Grand Orient de France
1072:Grand Orient de France
1062:
1059:Grand Orient of France
963:Grand Orient de France
893:Grand Orient de France
868:Grand Orient de France
825:Grand Orient de France
478:Detroit Masonic Temple
259:Tall Cedars of Lebanon
254:Royal Order of Jesters
225:Order of Knight Masons
205:Grand College of Rites
110:History of Freemasonry
67:Masonic lodge officers
3449:Freemasonry in France
3353:Freemasonry and women
3299:Southern Jurisdiction
3294:Northern Jurisdiction
3265:Societas Rosicruciana
3047:Grand Orient of Italy
2368:Chamber of Reflection
2263:Le Monde diplomatique
2003:, 27 September 2004,
1880:Catholic Encyclopedia
1754:Catholic Encyclopedia
1725:Catholic Encyclopedia
1683:Catholic News Service
1489:Bessel, Paul (1996).
1152:Republic of the Congo
1076:Grande Loge de France
1052:
959:Catholic Encyclopedia
883:History of the schism
823:, that recognize the
813:Adogmatic Freemasonry
803:, otherwise known as
531:Chamber of Reflection
283:Order of the Amaranth
278:Women and Freemasonry
195:Societas Rosicruciana
3454:Freemasonry in Italy
3281:Ancient and Accepted
3100:Universal Co-Masonry
2547:Grand Lodge of Spain
2413:Ritual and Symbolism
2076:Whalen, William J.,
2005:Catholic News Agency
1823:. pp. 138–141.
1583:on 27 September 2007
1172:"History: Its Ideas"
827:(GOdF) or belong to
572:Volume of Sacred Law
511:Square and Compasses
3395:Conspiracy theories
2979:(several countries)
2608:Regular Grand Lodge
2189:CLIPSAS member list
1660:Grand Lodge of Iowa
1613:on 1 December 2008.
1432:– via Joomag.
1297:Belgian Freemasonry
1182:on 15 November 2008
819:, primarily on the
805:Liberal Freemasonry
468:House of the Temple
428:John the Evangelist
120:Masonic manuscripts
16:Form of freemasonry
3326:List of Freemasons
3260:Royal Order of Eri
3201:Royal Ark Mariners
3168:Order of Athelstan
3142:Non-Denominational
3057:Female Grand Lodge
2992:Female Grand Lodge
2920:Dominican Republic
2257:Wauthier, Claude.
2222:Montréal in Québec
1456:] (in Dutch).
1063:
1045:Continental Europe
967:Affaire Des Fiches
889:American Civil War
821:European continent
448:List of Freemasons
443:Elizabeth Aldworth
350:Anti-Masonic Party
165:Royal Arch Masonry
3431:
3430:
3369:Masonic Buildings
3314:
3313:
3128:
3127:
3027:Mixed Grand Lodge
2980:
2942:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2865:
2864:
2698:
2697:
2673:
2672:
2560:
2559:
2515:
2514:
1885:VII. Outer Work.
1527:Trenton, Missouri
1505:on 10 April 2006.
917:Regius Manuscript
809:Latin Freemasonry
798:
797:
546:Masonic Landmarks
521:Eye of Providence
413:Thomas Smith Webb
387:People and places
3461:
3421:
3420:
3139:
3138:
3134:Appendant Orders
2978:
2966:
2965:
2849:African-American
2845:
2844:
2707:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2675:
2674:
2517:
2516:
2487:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2464:Lodge of England
2451:Freemasons' Hall
2448:
2435:
2347:, locations and
2321:
2314:
2307:
2298:
2297:
2283:
2266:
2255:
2249:
2237:
2231:
2215:
2209:
2204:
2198:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2170:on 17 March 2022
2166:. Archived from
2156:
2150:
2149:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2126:on 20 April 2013
2122:. Archived from
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2091:
2085:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2058:on 16 April 2015
2054:. Archived from
2048:
2042:
2029:
2023:
2014:
2008:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1984:, archived from
1974:
1968:
1966:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1876:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1750:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1721:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1679:Catholic Culture
1670:
1664:
1663:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1632:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1609:. Archived from
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1579:. Archived from
1569:
1563:
1562:
1556:
1548:
1516:
1507:
1506:
1486:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1299:. Archived from
1289:
1283:
1282:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1227:
1214:
1205:
1196:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1178:. Archived from
1168:
790:
783:
776:
553:Morals and Dogma
473:Solomon's Temple
433:John the Baptist
339:Views on Masonry
44:
21:
20:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3409:
3378:
3357:
3310:
3282:
3275:
3227:Knights Templar
3209:
3124:
3088:
2976:Le Droit Humain
2958:
2953:
2949:
2934:
2893:
2861:
2843:
2694:
2669:
2625:North Macedonia
2556:
2511:
2474:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2427:
2351:
2330:
2325:
2281:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2256:
2252:
2247:Wayback Machine
2238:
2234:
2229:Wayback Machine
2216:
2212:
2205:
2201:
2194:25 May 2012 at
2187:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2129:
2127:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2103:
2101:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2075:
2071:
2061:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2039:Wayback Machine
2030:
2026:
2015:
2011:
1998:
1994:
1988:on 15 June 2011
1975:
1971:
1956:
1952:
1943:
1941:
1931:
1927:
1913:
1911:
1900:
1896:
1883:. Vol. 9.
1869:
1865:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1831:
1815:
1811:
1796:
1772:
1768:
1757:. Vol. 9.
1743:
1739:
1728:. Vol. 9.
1714:
1710:
1696:
1694:
1671:
1667:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1637:
1630:
1622:
1618:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1586:
1584:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1550:
1549:
1537:
1529:. p. 170.
1517:
1510:
1487:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1444:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1410:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1306:
1304:
1303:on 31 July 2007
1291:
1290:
1286:
1268:
1248:
1244:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1212:
1206:
1199:
1185:
1183:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1148:Pascal Lissouba
1143:
1131:Le Droit Humain
1111:
1105:
1092:
1084:Le Droit Humain
1068:
1055:North Macedonia
1047:
1031:
1022:
948:
936:
913:
901:
891:. In 1869, the
885:
853:
815:, includes the
794:
765:
764:
690:North Macedonia
585:
577:
576:
541:Sprig of Acacia
496:
488:
487:
408:William Preston
388:
380:
379:
340:
332:
331:
322:Job's Daughters
175:Knights Templar
170:Cryptic Masonry
160:Holy Royal Arch
133:
125:
124:
105:
97:
96:
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3467:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3386:
3384:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3322:
3320:
3316:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3287:
3285:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3229:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3215:
3214:Christian Only
3211:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3202:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3145:
3143:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2981:
2972:
2970:
2963:
2955:Co-Freemasonry
2944:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2875:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2853:
2851:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2704:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2681:
2679:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2580:Czech Republic
2577:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2493:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2473:Anglo-American
2469:
2468:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2423:Research lodge
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2274:
2273:External links
2271:
2268:
2267:
2250:
2232:
2210:
2199:
2181:
2151:
2137:
2111:
2086:
2069:
2043:
2024:
2009:
1992:
1969:
1950:
1925:
1894:
1863:
1844:
1829:
1809:
1794:
1766:
1737:
1708:
1665:
1643:
1616:
1594:
1564:
1535:
1508:
1478:
1435:
1404:
1373:
1342:
1317:
1293:"Introduction"
1284:
1266:
1242:
1221:. p. 71.
1197:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1142:
1139:
1107:Main article:
1104:
1101:
1091:
1088:
1067:
1064:
1046:
1043:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1018:
947:
944:
935:
932:
912:
909:
900:
897:
884:
881:
872:
871:
864:
852:
849:
817:Masonic lodges
796:
795:
793:
792:
785:
778:
770:
767:
766:
763:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
586:
583:
582:
579:
578:
575:
574:
569:
561:
559:Propaganda Due
556:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
497:
494:
493:
490:
489:
486:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
398:James Anderson
395:
393:Masonic Temple
389:
386:
385:
382:
381:
378:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
341:
338:
337:
334:
333:
330:
329:
324:
319:
314:
308:
307:
305:
301:
300:
298:Co-Freemasonry
295:
290:
285:
280:
274:
273:
271:
267:
266:
261:
256:
251:
245:
244:
242:
238:
237:
232:
230:Research Lodge
227:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
145:Masonic bodies
141:
140:
138:
134:
132:Masonic bodies
131:
130:
127:
126:
123:
122:
117:
115:Liberté chérie
112:
106:
103:
102:
99:
98:
95:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
53:
50:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
30:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3466:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3424:
3416:
3415:
3412:
3406:
3405:Morgan Affair
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3346:US presidents
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3283:Scottish Rite
3278:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3110:United States
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2956:
2951:
2945:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2898:Latin America
2896:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2834:West Virginia
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2764:Massachusetts
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2711:United States
2708:
2705:
2701:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:British Isles
2488:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2470:
2465:
2452:
2447:
2441:
2434:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2403:Masonic myths
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2363:Abbreviations
2361:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2264:
2260:
2254:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2219:
2214:
2208:
2203:
2197:
2196:archive.today
2193:
2190:
2185:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2147:
2141:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2083:
2079:
2078:"Freemasonry"
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1103:North America
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992:Scottish Rite
987:
985:
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952:anti-clerical
943:
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921:Constitutions
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760:United States
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516:Pigpen cipher
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418:Albert Mackey
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190:Knight Kadosh
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100:
93:
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65:
63:
62:Masonic lodge
60:
58:
55:
54:
48:
47:
43:
39:
38:
35:
32:
31:
27:
23:
22:
19:
3390:Anti-Masonry
3383:Anti-Masonry
3022:Grand Orient
2987:Grand Orient
2947:
2814:Pennsylvania
2804:North Dakota
2613:Grand Orient
2520:Swedish Rite
2462:United Grand
2262:
2253:
2235:
2213:
2202:
2184:
2172:. Retrieved
2168:the original
2163:
2154:
2140:
2128:. Retrieved
2124:the original
2114:
2102:. Retrieved
2098:
2089:
2081:
2072:
2062:15 September
2060:. Retrieved
2056:the original
2046:
2027:
2012:
1995:
1986:the original
1980:
1972:
1961:
1953:
1942:, retrieved
1936:
1928:
1919:
1912:. Retrieved
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1897:
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1812:
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1769:
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1752:
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1731:
1729:
1723:
1711:
1702:
1695:. Retrieved
1678:
1668:
1651:
1646:
1626:
1619:
1611:the original
1606:
1597:
1585:. Retrieved
1581:the original
1576:
1567:
1521:
1503:the original
1498:
1494:
1469:. Retrieved
1453:
1448:
1426:. Retrieved
1421:
1417:
1407:
1395:. Retrieved
1386:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
1355:
1345:
1333:. Retrieved
1329:
1320:
1312:
1305:. Retrieved
1301:the original
1296:
1287:
1279:
1252:
1245:
1237:
1230:. Retrieved
1216:
1193:Freemasonry.
1191:
1184:. Retrieved
1180:the original
1175:
1166:
1144:
1124:
1112:
1097:Swedish Rite
1093:
1069:
1040:
1032:
1023:
1011:
1000:
988:
983:Risorgimento
981:
975:
962:
958:
956:
949:
937:
928:
925:
914:
902:
886:
873:
854:
812:
808:
804:
800:
799:
720:South Africa
566:Ahiman Rezon
565:
552:
345:Anti-Masonry
241:Side degrees
210:Swedish Rite
91:
72:Grand Master
18:
3444:Freemasonry
3052:Grand Lodge
2997:Grand Lodge
2950:Freemasonry
2948:Continental
2729:Connecticut
2660:Switzerland
2640:Philippines
2635:Netherlands
2475:Freemasonry
2393:Manuscripts
2378:Grand Lodge
2328:Freemasonry
2282:(in French)
2174:16 December
1652:Proceedings
1587:14 November
996:Albert Pike
899:1877 schism
695:Philippines
526:Hiram Abiff
423:Albert Pike
403:Prince Hall
57:Grand Lodge
34:Freemasonry
3438:Categories
2959:including
2915:Costa Rica
2794:New Mexico
2789:New Jersey
2724:California
2620:Luxembourg
2438:Square and
2130:12 October
1921:education.
1839:1047673785
1804:1155224329
1424:(2): 52–60
1186:23 January
1158:References
670:Luxembourg
584:By country
564:Dermott's
375:Taxil hoax
264:The Grotto
249:The Shrine
3374:Libraries
3105:Venezuela
3014:Catalonia
2930:Venezuela
2839:Wisconsin
2819:Tennessee
2774:Minnesota
2440:Compasses
2388:Landmarks
1553:cite book
1466:902130885
1007:Socialist
978:Carbonari
957:The 1913
845:irregular
755:Venezuela
730:Sri Lanka
645:Indonesia
150:York Rite
3423:Category
3341:monarchs
3255:S.R.I.A.
3205:Shriners
3093:Americas
3074:Portugal
3004:Denmark
2983:Belgium
2879:Manitoba
2829:Virginia
2799:New York
2784:Nebraska
2779:Missouri
2769:Michigan
2759:Kentucky
2739:Illinois
2703:Americas
2645:Portugal
2243:Archived
2225:Archived
2192:Archived
2035:Archived
1944:1 August
1904:"France"
1691:Archived
1635:Archived
1545:17829032
1458:Brussels
1391:Archived
1360:Archived
1335:17 April
1276:56421949
1232:1 August
1223:Archived
740:Thailand
715:Scotland
700:Portugal
675:Malaysia
590:Barbados
317:A.J.E.F.
51:Overview
26:a series
24:Part of
3079:Romania
3039:Ibérico
3018:France
2969:Eurasia
2961:CLIPSAS
2889:Ontario
2744:Indiana
2719:Alabama
2650:Romania
2600:Germany
2585:Finland
2570:Belgium
2565:Armenia
2483:Eurasia
2466:(1722-)
2455:London,
2373:History
2356:General
2104:14 June
1914:26 July
1697:26 July
1495:Heredom
1471:26 July
1428:26 July
1397:26 July
1366:26 July
1307:17 July
1150:of the
1116:CLIPSAS
905:laïcité
829:CLIPSAS
750:Ukraine
705:Romania
665:Lebanon
635:Iceland
630:Germany
625:Finland
615:Denmark
610:Croatia
595:Belgium
551:Pike's
495:Related
312:DeMolay
137:Masonic
104:History
3362:Places
3319:People
3120:Mexico
3115:Canada
3084:Turkey
3069:Poland
3043:Italy
3034:Greece
2925:Mexico
2905:Brazil
2871:Canada
2754:Kansas
2665:Turkey
2655:Russia
2604:Italy
2590:France
2575:Cyprus
2459:of the
2345:lodges
2341:bodies
1837:
1827:
1802:
1792:
1543:
1533:
1464:
1274:
1264:
1141:Africa
1066:France
811:, and
745:Turkey
735:Sweden
710:Russia
685:Mexico
650:Israel
620:France
600:Canada
3064:Malta
3009:Spain
2910:Chile
2824:Texas
2734:Idaho
2630:Malta
2595:India
2418:Lodge
2408:Rites
2398:Music
2349:rites
1638:(PDF)
1631:(PDF)
1452:[
1226:(PDF)
1213:(PDF)
1120:SIMPA
876:Latin
833:SIMPA
725:Spain
680:Malta
660:Japan
655:Italy
640:India
605:China
235:Corks
3290:USA
2809:Ohio
2749:Iowa
2382:List
2220:and
2176:2021
2132:2012
2106:2021
2064:2013
1946:2013
1916:2022
1835:OCLC
1825:ISBN
1800:OCLC
1790:ISBN
1699:2022
1589:2008
1559:link
1541:OCLC
1531:ISBN
1473:2022
1462:OCLC
1430:2022
1399:2022
1368:2022
1337:2024
1309:2011
1272:OCLC
1262:ISBN
1234:2013
1188:2010
3336:E–Z
3331:A–D
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