19:
157:, antiquity, science, or art, and by the reading of original papers, conversation, and music,— to unite its members, at stated periods, into one focus of neighbourly community; where all may be on a footing of social equality,—the aristocracy of mind, united with urbanity of manners, alone maintaining its ascendancy here; where the high attainments of the classical scholar,—the lofty imaginings of the poet,—the deep researches of the man of science,—and the sturdy intelligence of the skilful
86:
184:
Conducted by individuals, institutions, or learned bodies, a (usually mixed amateur/expert, male/female) audience was enlightened by explanations, two-way interactions with participants, experiments, demonstrations, hands-on displays of equipment, and/or the exhibition of specimens (see
Alberti,
49:
tangible gain to science inventors and experimentalists … hear what contemporaries say of their schemes and experiments, and much can be said and done with advantage amid the free talk of a general gathering which could not be permitted in the formal meeting of a scientific society.
46:
of science acquainted with the centre, of enabling investigators to compare operations and discuss facts and speculations, and of giving occasion for renewal of intercourse and removal of misunderstandings.
182:
was one of the most important educational, cultural, and recreational means through which scientific knowledge was disseminated and explanations of technical innovation were delivered to the general public.
96:
In
England, however, it soon came to be far more widely used to denote the gatherings of a far more intellectual character and was applied in the more specific sense of a scientific, artistic, or literary
406:
Catalogue and report of obstetrical and other instruments: exhibited at the
Conversazione of the Obstetrical Society of London: held by permission at the Royal College of Physicians, March 28th 1866
93:
In Italy, the term generally refers to a gathering for conversation; and was first used in
English to identify the sort of private social gathering more generally known today as an "At Home".
760:
Plunkett, J., & Sullivan, J.A. (2012), "Fetes, Bazaars and
Conversaziones: Science, Entertainment and Local Civic Elites", in J. Kember, J. Plunkett, and J.A. Sullivan (eds.),
525:
noted that "The
Honourable Miss Monckton one of those who stand foremost in collecting all extraordinary or curious people to her London conversaziones, which, like those of
73:
in a letter written (from Italy) on 11 November 1739 to
Richard West (1716–1742) in which he writes, "After the play we were introduced to the assembly, which they call the
123:
Moreover a "conversation" of this kind is not limited to a specific subject, but may comprise topics incidental to any branch of science and art whatever. (
121:
At the present time the materials for discussion are supplied by the proficients, and the general public are invited to provide the talk or the criticism.
774:
36:
is a "social gathering held by learned or art society" for conversation and discussion, especially about the arts, literature, medicine, and science.
161:, may all be amalgamated under one roof; and the rough energies of manly intellect be thus softened and refined by the amenities of the social circle.
833:
756:, edited by Kate Darian-Smith, Richard Gillespie, Caroline Jordan, and Elizabeth Willis, Elizabeth, Monash University ePress, (Melbourne).
402:
18:
871:
747:
608:
826:
792:
775:
Yeates, Lindsay B., "James Braid (II): Mesmerism, Braid’s
Crucial Experiment, and Braid’s Discovery of Neuro-Hypnotism",
549:
403:
Royal
College of Physicians of London; Obstetrical Society of London; Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (1867).
42:
It would not be easy to devise a happier way of bringing novelties at once under practical criticism—of making the
530:
819:
336:
119:, who were themselves proficient in some art or science which might be the immediate subject of learned interest.
590:
According to
Alberti (2003), p.217, the implicit demand for formal dress suggests that it tended to exclude the
878:
1014:
866:
553:"Programme of the Lectures, Conversazione, Soirees, & Discussions, for the Season of 1845", reprinted in
193:, and its experiments, demonstrations, hands-on displays of equipment, and exhibition of specimens delivered
633:
Literary and Scientific Intelligence: Learned Societies: Conversazione of the Lambeth Literary Institution,
989:
984:
307:
767:
Wood, Jane (2006), "A Culture of Improvement: Knowledge, Aesthetic Consciousness, and the Conversazione",
1019:
1009:
999:
969:
903:
893:
282:
143:
1004:
994:
235:
195:
715:
Alberti, Samuel J.M.M. (2003), "Conversaziones and the Experience of Science in Victorian England".
575:
979:
254:
The arts-oriented social media website Conversazione.org takes its name from the English meaning.
241:
The Cambridge University Natural History Society continues to call its annual public exhibition a
223:
437:
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201:
632:
560:
482:
452:
419:
387:
372:
357:
948:
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287:
189:
89:
A scientific conversazione on microscopy held at Apothecaries' Hall London on 11 April 1855.
908:
8:
467:
303:
737:
in the nineteenth century", in Marco Beretta, Paolo Galluzzi and Carlo Triarico (eds.),
928:
591:
292:
227:
861:
748:
Hartrick, Elizabeth (2008), "'Curiosities and rare scientific instruments': Colonial
671:"talks.cam: Annual Conversazione: Cambridge's oldest celebration of citizen science!"
598:
and, thereby, tended to ensure that only well-off audiences attended such gatherings.
271:
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311:
268:
264:
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851:
526:
154:
943:
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729:
de Clerq, Peter (2003), "Scientific instruments displayed at the Royal Society
522:
66:
963:
742:: Studies on Scientific Instruments and Collections in Honour of Mara Miniati
724:
595:
85:
918:
670:
811:
111:
like everything else has undergone conspicuous development in these days.
373:
Transactions of the Pharmaceutical Society: Conversazione, Vol.8, No.8,
752:
in Australia and New Zealand in the 1870s and 1880s", pp.11.1–11.19 in
404:
576:
Bluhm, R.K., "A Note on the Origin of the Society's Conversaziones",
409:. Royal College of Physicians in Edinburgh. London: Longmans, Green.
98:
744:, (Florence), Biblioteca di Nuncius Studi e Testi XLIX, pp.395–405.
43:
358:
Conversazione on "Hypnotism" at the Royal Manchester Institution,
699:
Dedicated to the Development of Critical Innovative Art Community
694:
158:
487:, Lea and Blanchard, (Philadelphia), 1842, pp.138-140; at p.140.
483:(Letter to Richard West, sent from Turin, 11 November 1739), in
153:
the principal object has been—by the collection of articles of
115:
521:
For example, in her diary entry for Sunday, 10 November 1782,
764:, (pp.41–60). Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
529:, mix the rank and the literature, and exclude all beside." (
315:
275:
504:(“conversation”). The word has two plural forms in English:
388:
College of Dentists of England: Conversazione—January 10,
637:, Vol.6, New Series, (August 1836), pp.187-189, at p.189.
777:
Australian Journal of Clinical Hypnotherapy and Hypnosis
306:- (holy or sacred conversation), a genre developed in
762:
Popular Exhibitions, Science and Showmanship, 1840-1910
453:
The Conversazione of the Institute of Civil Engineers,
113:
Formerly the word was applicable only to a meeting of
187:
The conversazione’s lectures/explanations delivered
754:
Seize the Day: Exhibitions, Australia and the World
69:is credited with the first recorded English use of
961:
578:Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London
565:, No.282, (Saturday, 28 May 1859), pp.350-352.
80:
827:
793:"The repository: Women of the conversazioni"
362:, Vol.10, No.243, (18 May 1844), pp.137-139.
613:Richard Doyle's Bird's-Eye Views of Society
841:
834:
820:
216:
167:
580:, Vol.30, No.1, (30 June 1958), pp.61-63.
537:, Bickers and Son, (London), 1876, p.460.
485:The Letters of Horace Walpole, … Volume I
185:2003; and Plunkett & Sullivan, 2012).
779:, Vol.40, No.1, (Autumn 2018), pp.40-92.
563:Chambers's Journal of popular Literature
84:
17:
962:
535:, Volume I: 1778 to 1784 (New Edition)
433:
431:
815:
790:
472:, vol.2, No.27, (5 May 1870), pp.8-9.
249:
660:, Cambridge University Press, 1999.
551:The British and Foreign Institute's
533:Diary and Letters of Madame d'Arbay
523:Fanny Burney, a.k.a. Madame d'Arbay
468:Sir Edward Sabine's Conversazione,
428:
298:The Cambridge Conversazione Society
13:
442:, (Friday 17 September 1880), p.5.
392:, Vol.2, (March 1860), pp.133-134.
14:
1031:
784:
658:The Cambridge Apostles 1820-1914
609:"Conversazione: Science and Art"
557:, No.164, (December 1844), p.304
424:, Vol.3, (20 April 1870), p.357.
377:, (1 February 1849), pp.367-369.
709:
687:
663:
650:
641:
626:
601:
584:
569:
542:
515:
491:
476:
461:
457:, Vol.83, (28 May 1897), p.550.
438:Auckland Museum and Institute,
879:Patient and public involvement
497:The term is derived from the
446:
413:
396:
381:
366:
351:
342:
329:
205:of the knowledge so-acquired).
1:
867:Participatory action research
561:The Month: Science and Arts,
322:
211:
791:Martz, Teal (8 March 2013).
717:Journal of Victorian Culture
308:Italian Renaissance painting
230:was founded in 1820 as the
222:The intellectual society at
172:According to Yeates (2018):
139:Lambeth Literary Institution
7:
904:Science by press conference
894:Public awareness of science
283:Public awareness of science
257:
133:In its report on the first
101:, generally held at night.
81:Historical usage in Britain
10:
1036:
769:Nineteenth Century Studies
531:Barrett, Charlotte (ed.),
420:Scientific Conversazioni,
375:The Pharmaceutical Journal
310:, with a depiction of the
178:In Victorian England, the
847:
196:knowledge by acquaintance
60:
725:10.3366/jvc.2003.8.2.208
647:Yeates (2018), pp.42-43.
635:The Gentleman's Magazine
190:knowledge by description
144:The Gentleman's Magazine
217:University of Cambridge
202:psychological ownership
168:Knowledge dissemination
842:Science and the public
797:blogs.royalsociety.org
348:Alberti (2003), p.208.
339:, 1858 Wood-engraving.
294:The Cambridge Apostles
274:held on the island of
199:(with the concomitant
137:ever conducted by the
90:
27:
949:The Amateur Scientist
914:Science communication
288:Science communication
232:Conversazione Society
127:, 17 September 1880.)
88:
21:
1015:Literary terminology
555:The Edinburgh Review
224:Cambridge University
990:Science exhibitions
985:Science and culture
771:, Vol.20, pp.79-97.
304:Sacra conversazione
141:(on 22 June 1836),
1020:Cultural education
1010:Literary festivals
1000:Science in society
970:History of science
929:Science journalism
548:See, for example,
440:New Zealand Herald
422:Scientific Opinion
314:amidst a group of
125:New Zealand Herald
91:
28:
1005:Popular education
995:Science festivals
957:
956:
862:March for Science
390:The Dental Review
360:The Medical Times
337:William McConnell
272:literary festival
250:Conversazione.org
1027:
939:Science outreach
924:Science festival
884:Physics outreach
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312:Virgin and Child
265:Le Conversazioni
236:George Tomlinson
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980:Citizen science
960:
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889:Popular science
872:Community-based
852:Citizen science
843:
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799:. Royal Society
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695:"Conversazione"
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675:talks.cam.ac.uk
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656:W. C. Lubenow,
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22:A scientific
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919:Science fair
909:Science Café
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801:. Retrieved
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739:
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615:. 2015-04-10
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559:and, also,
116:cognoscenti
65:The writer
964:Categories
680:2020-07-03
619:2020-07-01
527:Mrs. Vesey
323:References
269:anglophone
212:Other uses
97:assembly/
258:See also
228:Apostles
44:outliers
735:soirées
499:Italian
335:Artist
159:artizan
26:(1858).
803:9 July
470:Nature
316:saints
99:soirée
61:Origin
52:Nature
276:Capri
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155:virtĂą
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