2771:
The only
Kingdom institution that requires the participation of the Caribbean countries in a mandatory way is the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom; both the Supreme Court and the Council of State of the Kingdom only include Caribbean members if one or more Caribbean countries ask for it, and the Caribbean countries are almost completely excluded from participating in the Kingdom's legislature. They can, however, participate in the drafting of a Kingdom act and their Ministers Plenipotentiary can oppose a Kingdom act otherwise supported by the Kingdom government in front of the Kingdom's parliament. Furthermore, according to article 15 of the Charter, the Ministers Plenipotentiary can request the Kingdom parliament to introduce a draft Kingdom act. Last, but not least, the Netherlands can, according to article 14 of the Charter, conduct Kingdom affairs on its own if conducting such affairs does not affect Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten. Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten do not have this right.
2379:
2187:
207:
3452:
3390:
3333:
5222:
augustus waarin hij staatkundige veranderingen afhankelijk maakte van financiële verbeteringen. Het oude verwijt dat steeds de relatie tussen
Nederland en de Antillen heeft gekenmerkt, speelde onmiddellijk weer op. Nederland vereenzelvigt het Koninkrijk met Nederland en dicteert. De Nederlandse Antillen moeten slikken of stikken. Gevolg: ergernis in de West, verstoorde verhoudingen en verlies van momentum; geen frisse wind, maar meer een storm in de Caribische porseleinkast. Het zal allemaal wel te maken hebben met de behoefte van deze minister om te zeggen wat hij denkt en heilige huisjes niet te sparen, maar echt behulpzaam voor de verhoudingen in het Koninkrijk is het niet.
101:
3348:
1062:
2011:
87:
216:
5024:"Een poging om de structuur van het Koninkrijk samen te vatten leidt tot de volgende omschrijving: een vrijwillig samengaan van autonome landen in een boven die landen geplaatst soeverein Koninkrijk, waarbij de organen van het Koninkrijk grotendeels samenvallen met die van het grootste land, op het niveau van het Koninkrijk slechts enkele taken worden verricht en vanwege het Koninkrijk een beperkte invloed kan worden uitgeoefend op het autonome bestuur in de kleinere landen", in: C. Borman (2005)
1616:
3503:
3439:
3377:
3319:
1826:
1584:
3529:
1675:
2564:, and provisions concerning weights and measures shall be regulated as far as possible in a similar manner in the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten". The Article further stipulates that when a drastic amendment of the existing legislation in regard to these matters is proposed, the proposal shall not be submitted to or considered by a representative assembly until the Governments in the other countries have had the opportunity to express their views on the matter.
3557:
3490:
1795:
1765:
3406:
3516:
1645:
2802:
2286:
3477:
3426:
1735:
3542:
1705:
3173:
703:
2573:
October 2010. The new
Article 12a specifies that in addition to the administrative reconciliation procedure, "by Kingdom Act measures shall be made allowing for the arbitration of certain conflicts, as specified by Kingdom Act, between the Kingdom and the countries." The imperative formulation was the result of an amendment in the Chamber of Representatives by special delegates Evelyna Wever-Croes and
3088:
English long-form name "Kingdom of the
Netherlands" was used in place of the name "Netherlands" in formal UN documentation. In 2023, at the request of the Dutch government, the UN adopted "Kingdom of the Netherlands" as the official short form, which in alphabetical lists appears as "Netherlands (Kingdom of the)". The new form appears in the terminology database of the United Nations: UNTERM.
1331:, expressed a desire to review the relations between the Netherlands and its colonies after the end of the war. After liberation, the government would call a conference to agree on a settlement in which the overseas territories could participate in the administration of the Kingdom on the basis of equality. Initially, this speech had propaganda purposes; the Dutch government had the
1147:) and participate on a basis of equality as partners in the Kingdom. In practice, however, most of the Kingdom's affairs are administered by the Netherlands—which comprises roughly 98% of the Kingdom's land area and population—on behalf of the entire Kingdom. Consequently, Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten are dependent on the Netherlands for matters like
5295:
duidelijkst geldt dit voor de rijksministerraad, die gewoonlijk slechts zeer kortstondig beraadslaagt, met een zeer summiere agenda en met weinig discussie over de koers van het
Koninkrijk als geheel. Voor de voorbereiding is de raad vrijwel geheel afhankelijk van (voorbereidend) overleg tussen vertegenwoordigers van de drie landsregeringen.
3141:—the commission that explored the current constitutional reform of the Kingdom—recommended that the "identification of the Netherlands with the Kingdom needs to be eliminated". The Council of State of the Kingdom joins the commission in this by remarking that the Kingdom of the Netherlands has no telephone number, no budget and that the
3109:
might imply that Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint
Maarten are not equal to the Kingdom's country in Europe and that the three island countries have no say in affairs pertaining to the Kingdom but are instead subordinate to the European country. Though the influence of the islands in Kingdom affairs is limited, it certainly exists.
2139:, for example, is not on the same level as it is in the Netherlands proper. In November 2008 it was decided to introduce the U.S. dollar in the three islands. The date of introduction was 1 January 2011. The Netherlands carries the risk of exchange rate fluctuations regarding cash flows between the state and the islands.
2363:
described in the
Charter, when they affect Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten directly. In cases where affairs of the Kingdom do not affect Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten, they are dealt with according to the provisions laid down in the Constitution. In these cases the Netherlands, the jurisdiction ruled directly by the
4998:"De in het statuut neergelegde staatsvorm heeft een uniek karakter en is moeilijk in een bepaalde categorie onder te brengen Veelal wordt dan ook geconcludeerd dat het Koninkrijk niet van een duidelijke classificate kan worden voorzien. Gesproken wordt van een quasi-, dan wel pseudo-federatie of van een constructie
5029:
5007:
195:
2989:. On 11 October and 2 November 2006, agreements were signed between the Dutch government and the governments of each island that would put into effect the commission's findings by 15 December 2008. The reform took effect on 10 October 2010. Under these reforms, the Netherlands Antilles were dissolved and
5294:
Het
Koninkrijk der Nederlanden heeft geen adres of telefoonnummer en al evenmin een eigen budget. Als het Koninkrijk wordt gebeld, krijgt men Nederland aan de lijn. De relaties binnen het Koninkrijk zijn vooral een dynamisch onderhandelingsproces. Een democratisch gelegitimeerd centrum ontbreekt. Het
3108:
Apart from the fact that referring to the
Kingdom of the Netherlands as the "Netherlands" can be confusing, the term "Kingdom" is also used to prevent any feelings of ill will that could be associated with the use of the term "Netherlands." The use of the term "Netherlands" for the Kingdom as a whole
3104:
like the
English "(Kingdom of the) Netherlands", uses the plural form. In Dutch practice, however, "Kingdom of the Netherlands" is shortened to "Kingdom" and not to "Netherlands", as the latter name could be confused with the Kingdom's principal constituent country rather than with the Kingdom in its
1370:
based in the Netherlands, who had the right to participate in Dutch cabinet meetings that discussed affairs of the Kingdom as a whole when they pertained directly to Suriname or the Netherlands Antilles. Delegates of Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles could participate in sessions of the First and
3145:
usually meets very briefly with a summary agenda. To counter this habit, the Council of State has suggested that with the pending constitutional reform in the Kingdom, a Secretariat for the Kingdom will be instituted that prepares the agenda for the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom and guards the
2684:
alone). Article 24 of the Charter specifies that when an international treaty or agreement affects Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten, the treaty or agreement concerned shall be submitted to their representative assemblies. The article further specifies that when such a treaty or agreement is submitted
192:
190:
5221:
Hoewel Minister De Grave er wat ons betreft meer vaart achter had mogen zetten, had hij onmiskenbaar de goede richting te pakken én, dat is in Koninkrijkszaken cruciaal, de goede toon. Zijn opvolger, Minister Pechtold, bleek die broodnodige prudentie te ontberen met als dieptepunt zijn brief van 24
2782:
a voluntary association of autonomous countries in a sovereign Kingdom that is placed above them, in which the institutions of the Kingdom largely coincide with the institutions of the largest country, in which on the level of the Kingdom only a few affairs are governed, and in which from the level
2770:
where the Charter does not provide for them. The Charter also does not provide a procedure for the enactment of Kingdom acts; articles 81 to 88 of the Constitution of the Netherlands also apply for Kingdom acts, but with some additions and corrections stipulated in articles 15 to 22 of the Charter.
1409:
Suriname was a constituent country within the Kingdom from 1954 to 1975, while the Netherlands Antilles was a constituent country from 1954 until 2010. Suriname has since become an independent republic, and the Netherlands Antilles was divided into six. Three are constituent countries: Aruba (since
3044:
would operate in them. As a transitional measure, however, only Netherlands law necessary to function within its legal system took immediate effect when the BES islands joined the Netherlands on 10 October 2010, while most laws of the Netherlands Antilles remained in force. Since that date, Dutch
2774:
A characteristic that points to a devolved unitary state is the ability of the Kingdom government, according to article 50 of the Charter, to render a legislative or administrative measure of one of the Caribbean countries void if it is inconsistent with the Charter, an international agreement, a
2704:
Article 26 specifies that when Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten communicate their wish for the conclusion of an international economic or financial agreement that applies solely to the country concerned, the Government of the Kingdom shall assist in the conclusion of such an agreement, unless this
2519:
Article 13 of the Charter specifies that there is a Council of State of the Kingdom. It is (as all institutions of the Kingdom) regulated in the Constitution, but the Charter implies that at the request of Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten, a member from each of these islands can be included in the
2362:
that also constitutes and regulates the institutions of the Kingdom as a whole as mentioned in the Charter. The Constitution is also subordinate to the Charter. The provisions in the Charter for some of these institutions are additional and are applicable only for those affairs of the Kingdom, as
194:
191:
193:
5090:
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, by reason of the constitutional structure of the Kingdom resulting from the Statute of 29 December 1954, shall, by way of derogation from Article 227, be entitled to ratify the Treaty on behalf of the Kingdom in Europe and Netherlands New Guinea
2572:
In case of a conflict between a constituent country and the Kingdom, Article 12 of the Charter prescribes an administrative reconciliation procedure. This was often deemed a democratic deficit of the Kingdom, leading to the adoption of an amendment to the Charter, which entered into force on 10
3087:
Outside the Kingdom of the Netherlands, "Netherlands" is used as the English short-form name to describe the Kingdom of the Netherlands. At the United Nations, for example, the Kingdom was, until 2023, identified in the General Assembly by its English short-form name "Netherlands", whereas the
2759:
The Kingdom's federal characteristics include the delineation of Kingdom affairs in the Charter, the enumeration of the constituting parts of the Kingdom in the Charter, the fact that the Charter subordinates the law of the constituting countries to the law of the Kingdom, the establishment of
187:
186:
2536:
of the Kingdom by virtue of the Cassation regulation for the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba. The basis for this regulation is article 23 of the Charter. The second paragraph of that article specifies that if an overseas country of the Kingdom so requests, the Kingdom Act should provide for an
4254:
Secretary-General in compliance with the wishes expressed in General Assembly resolutions 222 (III) and 747 (VIII). New York, 30 March 1955 (* Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken, 41, Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen in de Verenigde Naties III, Staatsdrukkerij-en uitgeversbedrijf/ 's
189:
188:
185:
2134:
in most ways (with a mayor, aldermen, and a municipal council, for example) and are subject to the ordinary Dutch legislative process. Residents of these three islands are also able to vote in Dutch national and European elections. There are, however, some derogations for these islands.
2367:, acts alone, according to its constitution and in its capacity as the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The other three countries cannot do the same for affairs of the Kingdom that only pertain to them and not to the Netherlands proper. In these cases, the provisions of the Charter prevail.
2667:
On the basis of Article 38, the countries of the Kingdom can decide to adopt a Kingdom Act outside of the scope of the aforementioned Kingdom affairs. Such acts are referred to as Consensus Kingdom Acts, as they require the consent of the parliaments of Aruba, Curaçao and St. Maarten.
1491:
In January 1986, Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles, becoming a constituent country of the Kingdom in its own right. In October 2010, the Netherlands Antilles was dissolved and Curaçao and Sint Maarten became the newest constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
1362:, as enacted in 1954, a composite state was created (also known as the "Tripartite Kingdom of the Netherlands"), consisting of the Netherlands (mainland), Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles. Under the provisions of the Charter, both former colonies were granted internal autonomy.
2520:
Council of State. Aruba is currently exercising this right. This has not always been the case; the Netherlands Antilles had no member until 1987 and Aruba had none until 2000. Sint Maarten's first member of the Council of State will be former Lieutenant Governor Dennis Richardson.
3134:
that " the old reproof that constantly characterised the relationship between the Netherlands and the Antilles immediately surfaced again. The Netherlands identifies the Kingdom with the Netherlands and dictates. The Netherlands Antilles can like it or lump it." In addition, the
2708:
Article 27 specifies the involvement of Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten in the preparations for a treaty or agreement that affects them and Article 28 specifies that Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten may, if they so desire, accede to membership of international organisations.
1303:
received the same status that Luxembourg had enjoyed before, as a Dutch province that at the same time formed a Duchy of the German Confederation. That status was reversed when the German Confederation ceased to exist in 1867, when Limburg became an ordinary Dutch province.
1516:: the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten. There is a difference between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Netherlands: the Kingdom of the Netherlands is the comprehensive sovereign state, while the Netherlands is one of its four constituent countries. Three
1319:(stating "the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live, and the desire for a permanent system of general security"), which was signed by the Netherlands on 1 January 1942. Changes were proposed in the 7 December 1942 radio speech by
3879:
2425:
In December 2007, a Deputy Council for Kingdom Relations was established. This deputy council prepares the meetings of the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom. The establishment of such a Council has long been advocated by the Council of State of the Kingdom.
2700:
Article 25 gives Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten the opportunity to opt out from an international treaty or agreement. The treaty or agreement concerned then has to specify that the treaty or agreement does not apply to Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten.
1178:) are located in the Caribbean, as are the other three constituent countries. The Kingdom has a population in the Netherlands of 17,821,419 (as of January 2023), and of 29,418 (as of November 2023) in Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius.
5106:"The provisions of Part Four of the Treaty were applied to Surinam, by virtue of a Supplementary Act of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to complete its instrument of ratification, from 1 September 1962 to 16 July 1976.", in: eur-lex.europa.eu –
3789:
2787:
Constitutional scholar C. A. J. M. Kortmann speaks of an "association of countries that has characteristics of a federation, yet one of its own kind." Belinfante and De Reede do speak about a "federal association" without any reservations.
5181:
2949:
5094:
1063:
1464:, the cabinet declared a wish to determine a date for the independence of Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles with the governments of those nations. The Antillean government was non-committal; the same held for the Surinamese
1410:
1986), Curaçao and Sint Maarten (since 2010); three are special municipalities of the Netherlands proper: Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba. Netherlands New Guinea was a dependent territory of the Kingdom until 1962, followed by
183:
3871:
4498:
1487:
to realise its plans for Surinamese independence. Despite vehement and emotional resistance by the Surinamese opposition, Den Uyl and Arron reached an agreement, and, on 25 November 1975, Suriname became independent.
1429:
visited Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles. The royal couple were welcomed enthusiastically by the local population, and the trip was widely reported in the Dutch press. Several other royal visits were to follow.
184:
1478:
as prime minister. The new government declared that Suriname would be independent before 1976. This was remarkable, as independence had not been an issue during the election campaign. The Den Uyl government in
5083:, at the time of signature of the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, to define the scope of the provisions of Article 227 of this Treaty in respect of the Kingdom of the Netherlands,
2944:
and the Netherlands Antilles were explicitly excluded from association with the European Economic Community by means of a special protocol attached to the Treaty of Rome, the status of Suriname as an
3896:
Examples of this practice can be found in all government documents and in nearly all press reports on Kingdom affairs, as well as in institutions that are related to the Kingdom of the Netherlands:
3076:
5177:
5272:"Voorlichting overeenkomstig artikel 18, tweede lid, van de Wet op de Raad van State inzake de hervorming van de staatkundige verhoudingen van de Antilliaanse eilanden binnen het Koninkrijk"
3204:
The Kingdom of the Netherlands covers a total area of 42,531 km (16,421 sq mi); and a land area of 34,467 km (13,308 sq mi). The Kingdom of the Netherlands has
3641:
The literal translation into English is "I will maintain"; a better translation, however, is "I will hold firm" or "I will uphold" (namely, the integrity and independence of the territory).
2967:
that are part of the Netherlands proper, are OCTs. Since citizenship is a Kingdom affair, and is thus not distinguished for the four countries, citizens from all four countries are also
2732:
Most scholars agree that it is difficult to group the constitutional arrangements of the Kingdom in one of the traditional models of state organisation, and consider the Kingdom to be a
2616:
Regulation of the nationality of vessels and the standards required for the safety and navigation of seagoing vessels flying the flag of the Kingdom, with the exception of sailing ships;
4658:
1385:). The right of the two autonomous countries to leave the Kingdom, unilaterally, was not recognised; yet it also stipulated that the Charter could be dissolved by mutual consultation.
4821:
4126:
3970:
4310:
1299:
with the Netherlands. Luxembourg also lost more than half of its territory to Belgium. To compensate the German Confederation for that loss, the remainder of the Dutch province of
4033:
2906:. These comparisons are not exact; for instance, aside from the King of New Zealand, there is no constitutional structure shared between New Zealand, the Cook Islands, and Niue.
5072:"Treaty Establishing the EEC – Protocol on the Application of the Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community to the Non-European Parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
4897:
2429:
The Government and the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom, along with the monarchy itself, are subject to Article 5 of the Charter that refers their regulation mainly to the
4085:
4599:
4502:
4646:
De openbare lichamen vallen rechtstreeks onder het Rijk omdat zij geen deel uitmaken van een provincie. (The public bodies (...), because they are not part of a Province)
3945:
2584:
The new Article 38a allows for measures to be made for arbitration between countries as well. In contrast with Article 12a, this article is not imperatively formulated.
17:
6057:
5110:
4917:
5145:
2948:(OCT) of the Community was established by a Supplementary Act completing the instrument of ratification of the Kingdom of the Netherlands on 1 September 1962. The
2697:), the Ministers Plenipotentiary may communicate their wish that the treaty or agreement concerned shall be subject to the express approval of the States General.
2760:
Kingdom institutions in the Charter, and the fact that the Kingdom has its own legislative instruments: the Kingdom act and the Order-in-Council for the Kingdom.
5129:
3860:, which is only a part of the Kingdom. In some contexts "the Netherlands" refers to the constituent country, in more formal contexts it may refer to the Kingdom.
442:
4200:
4152:
3142:
2717:
2649:
2399:
5278:
3020:) became direct parts of the Netherlands, which is itself the major constituent country of the Kingdom. As special municipalities, they were constituted as "
3788:), except for the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Minister of Defence, since they always act in a Kingdom capacity. For more information on this, see
6032:
4560:
5095:
Treaty establishing the EEC – Protocol on the application of the Treaty establishing the EEC to the non-European parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
4383:
1520:(Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten) are the three remaining constituent countries. Three other Caribbean islands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba) are
6052:
3105:
Charter capacity. The Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands also shortens "Kingdom of the Netherlands" to "Kingdom" rather than to "Netherlands".
2680:
and agreements. Those that do not affect Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten directly are dealt with by the provisions of the Constitution (in fact by the
3760:
The Prime Minister of the Netherlands is referred to as "Our Prime Minister, in his capacity as chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom" (
2174:, linked to the U.S. dollar; the U.S. dollar is accepted almost everywhere on the island. Aruba has two official languages: its own national language
4857:
4749:
4176:
3884:
4250:
The Charter of the Kingdom was fully explained in an "EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM to the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands", transmitted to the
1205:
1128:
707:
2766:
Characteristics that point more or less to a federacy include the fact that the functioning of the institutions of the Kingdom is governed by the
6047:
493:
4633:
1501:
4662:
4537:
2511:
and the Government. Articles 14, 16 and 17 of the Charter give some participation to the parliaments of the Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten.
5242:
4832:
4934:
4107:
3967:
6042:
2094:. The provinces are divided into municipalities. The Netherlands has the euro as its currency, except in the special municipalities of the
1411:
2150:, with its own constitution, is a representative parliamentary democracy organised as a unitary state. Its administration consists of the
4306:
3130:
2823:
2778:
The constitutional structure of the Kingdom is summarised by constitutional scholar C. Borman, in an often-cited definition, as follows:
2378:
2303:
2039:
4966:
4017:
3361:
2593:
2434:
2355:
1389:
1359:
671:
635:
206:
5046:"associatie van landen die trekken heeft van een federatie (Bondsstaat), maar wel een eigensoortige", in: C. A. J. M. Kortmann (2005)
4983:
1504:
in a series of festive occasions spanning from 2013 to 2015, the last being the year of the actual 200th anniversary of the Kingdom.
238:
5362:
4774:
4081:
2928:, do treat their external territories as integral components, but have only one country/nationality level equivalent to the state.
2763:
Its confederal characteristics include the fact that the Charter can only be amended by consensus among the constituent countries.
2415:
2014:
Tree structure of subdivisions of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, showing the geographic location of its four constituent countries
487:
4894:
4607:
3887:). The number given here results from adding the population statistics of the Netherlands with those of the Caribbean Netherlands.
3250:(Saba, Sint Eustatius and Sint Maarten) are all of volcanic origin and hilly, leaving little ground suitable for agriculture. The
2260:
countries and special municipalities, Sint Maarten covers only part of an island. It consists of roughly the southern half of the
2130:, are islands in the Caribbean that are part of the Netherlands proper but not part of any Dutch province. They resemble ordinary
215:
5125:"The Netherlands also includes 6 overseas countries and territories in the Caribbean. These territories are not part of the EU."
3570:
3049:
is not at the same level as in the European part of the Netherlands, and the islands' currency is the U.S. dollar, not the euro.
2980:
2957:
2403:
2395:
1525:
4692:
3780:) when they act as Kingdom Ministers, as for example with "Our Minister of Justice in his capacity as Minister of the Kingdom" (
4891:
Schurende rechtsordes: over juridische implicates van de UPG-status voor de eilandgebieden van de Nederlandse Antillen en Aruba
4804:
3079:(OMR), also called Ultra Peripheral Regions (UPR). The study would also look into how the islands would fare under UPR status.
2115:
4108:"Besluit van 24 juni 2021 tot vaststelling van het tijdstip van inwerkingtreding van de Wet erkenning Nederlandse Gebarentaal"
4059:
3994:
2411:
472:
5988:
5753:
5204:
4027:
3353:
2941:
1363:
3869:
The population statistics of the Central Bureau of Statistics for the Netherlands do not include the Caribbean Netherlands (
3793:
3772:. Other ministers of the Netherlands are referred to with the additional line "in his capacity as Minister of the Kingdom" (
100:
2664:. Article 14, paragraph 3, of the Charter, foresees the handling of Kingdom affairs in all other cases by the Netherlands.
2186:
3942:"LANDSVERORDENING van de 28ste maart 2007 houdende vaststelling van de officiële talen (Landsverordening officiële talen)"
6027:
5527:
4914:
3941:
2383:
433:
2945:
1426:
5126:
3052:
The special municipalities will be represented in the affairs of the Kingdom by the Netherlands, as they vote for the
2387:
4196:
3065:
3037:
2968:
2849:
2686:
2508:
2496:
2419:
2407:
2325:
2131:
2035:
2027:
1372:
1213:
457:
4225:
2831:
1415:
1379:
when appropriate. According to the Charter, Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles could each alter its "Basic Law" (
5425:
5271:
5093:
Done at Rome this twenty-fifth day of March in the year one thousand nine hundred and fifty-seven.", in: cvce.eu –
4442:
881:
5258:
Aanbevelingen Koninkrijk "Nieuwe Stijl": 7. De vereenzelviging van Nederland met het Koninkrijk wordt doorbroken.
3092:, also, frequently shorten "Kingdom of the Netherlands" to "Netherlands". The Dutch name that is commonly used is
2537:
additional court member from that country. To date, neither Aruba, Curaçao, nor Sint Maarten has used this right.
5107:
4375:
3033:
2767:
2430:
2370:
Changes in the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands can only be made when all constituent countries agree.
2364:
2359:
2111:
641:
593:
106:
6037:
2827:
2645:
Paragraph 2 of Article 3 specifies that "other matters may be declared to be Kingdom affairs in consultation".
2307:
1376:
1271:
supplied international recognition of William's unilateral move. The new king of the Netherlands was also made
4488:(Stringent Kingdom Ties. The Dutch De-colonisation Policy in the Caribbean; Amsterdam: University Press 2001).
2253:
2234:
2099:
1320:
954:
774:
5609:
3231:
at only 322.7 m (1,059 ft), but with the constitutional reform of 10 October 2010 this changed as
5624:
5355:
3163:
3061:
2952:
entered into force on 1 October 1964, signalling the attainment of OCT status by the Netherlands Antilles.
2914:
2351:
2269:
2119:
1620:
1237:
1162:
The vast majority of land area of the constituent country of the Netherlands is in Europe, while its three
871:
837:
35:
5236:"Nu kan het... nu moet het! Advies Werkgroep Bestuurlijke en Financiële Verhoudingen Nederlandse Antillen"
4865:
4741:
1233:
4893:, Groningen: Faculteit rechtsgeleerdheid van de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, pp. 119–124. This study was
3766:
Onze Minister-President, in zijn hoedanigheid van voorzitter van de raad van ministers van het Koninkrijk
3594:
3223:
were erected to protect the land from flooding. Previously, the highest point of the Netherlands was the
3219:
About one quarter of the Netherlands lies below sea level, as much land has been reclaimed from the sea.
2909:
Other states also have multiple territories, but such territories are distinct. Some states, such as the
2205:, with its own constitution, is also a representative parliamentary democracy organised as a centralised
1461:
1347:
689:
427:
5948:
5682:
1403:
1339:) in mind, and hoped to appease public opinion in the United States, which had become skeptical towards
1208:. The great powers of Europe, united against Napoleonic France, had decided in the secret treaty of the
5545:
5404:
3598:
3242:
The Caribbean parts of the Kingdom consist of two zones with different geographic origins, both in the
2222:
2217:. The sovereign people of Curaçao are represented by 21 members of parliament and the President of the
1422:
1187:
1085:
5233:
4890:
2347:
86:
4629:
3768:) when he acts as a Minister of the Kingdom. An example of this can be found in article 2(3a) of the
3674:
3167:
3057:
3021:
2925:
2634:
2529:
2214:
2043:
1517:
1324:
3695:
Dutch is an official language in all four constituent countries. English is an official language in
5648:
5385:
4529:
4265:
3045:
legislation slowly replaced Netherlands Antilles laws. Nevertheless, some derogations exist: e.g.,
2812:
2721:
2601:
2480:
1449:. In the same year, Suriname saw serious political instability with the Surinamese prime minister,
1446:
1367:
1272:
1209:
658:
5235:
2775:
Kingdom act, an Order-in-Council for the Kingdom, or if it regulates an otherwise Kingdom affair.
2218:
1438:
5348:
4941:
3041:
2997:
became constituent countries within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, obtaining the same status as
2816:
2296:
2261:
2155:
1513:
1292:
1260:
624:
414:
400:
92:
3159:
2619:
Supervision of the general rules governing the admission and expulsion of Netherlands nationals;
2026:. Its administration consists of the Monarch and the Council of Ministers, which is headed by a
5953:
5712:
5677:
4775:"Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles: Political relations within the Kingdom of the Netherlands"
3603:
2956:
is now an independent republic and a sovereign country, outside the EU. The Antilles have been
2541:
1393:
1351:
849:
30:
This article is about the sovereign state. For the constituent country with the same name, see
4338:(Between Autonomy and Independence. Dutch-Surinamese Relations 1954–1961; Leiden: KITLV 1999).
2950:
Convention on the association of the Netherlands Antilles with the European Economic Community
2471:
of the Kingdom. The Monarch is represented in Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten by a governor.
5371:
5026:
5004:
3823:
3574:
3464:
Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles to become a constituent country in its own right
3228:
3213:
3193:
2343:
2265:
2123:
2095:
2067:
1872:
1521:
1300:
1163:
828:
767:
306:
5996:
5722:
5570:
5420:
4980:
3457:
3395:
3338:
3271:
3121:
3089:
2986:
2883:
2063:
2010:
1529:
1355:
1276:
1241:
1229:
755:
748:
5646:
5383:
4482:
Knellende Koninkrijksbanden. Het Nederlandse dekolonisatiebeleid in de Caraïben, 1940–2000
8:
5802:
5778:
5748:
5234:
Werkgroep Bestuurlijke en Financiële Verhoudingen Nederlandse Antillen (8 October 2004).
4585:
3736:
3732:
3220:
2557:
2226:
2210:
2191:
2159:
1201:
1105:
1069:
580:
334:
328:
72:
4778:
543:
5772:
5692:
4434:
4426:
3915:
3155:
3113:
2871:
2567:
2167:
2087:
1468:
cabinet (1969–1973). Suriname's 1973 elections brought the National Party Combination (
1288:
1268:
1264:
1245:
1225:
615:
567:
5108:
Treaty establishing the European Community (consolidated version) – Text of the Treaty
4932:
In Dutch: Cassatieregeling voor de Nederlandse Antillen en Aruba, text available here
5932:
5758:
5702:
5460:
5430:
4960:
4684:
4572:
4438:
4118:
4023:
3658:
2870:
constitutional nature, some other states have similar properties. In particular, the
2163:
2151:
1332:
1221:
554:
534:
463:
4348:
5969:
5916:
5874:
5743:
5445:
5330:
4418:
4336:
Tussen autonomie en onafhankelijkheid. Nederlands-Surinaamse betrekkingen 1954–1961
4055:
3990:
3282:
3251:
3071:
The Netherlands has proposed to conducted a study on the BES islands acquiring the
3064:
councils; however, as the BES islands are not part of any province, each elects an
3053:
2613:
Regulation of the orders of chivalry, the flag and the coat of arms of the Kingdom;
2561:
1316:
1097:
296:
5208:
4153:"Carlson Manuel becomes the new Minister Plenipotentiary for Curaçao in The Hague"
3125:
2354:
regulate the governance of their respective countries, but are subordinate to the
2213:, who represents the Monarch, and the (Curaçao) Council of Ministers, headed by a
5604:
5133:
5114:
5033:
5011:
4987:
4921:
4901:
4808:
3974:
3728:
3286:
3263:
3247:
3177:
3046:
2903:
2638:
2456:). An example of a Kingdom act is the "Kingdom Act regarding Dutch citizenship" (
2257:
2154:, who represents the Monarch, and the (Aruban) Council of Ministers, headed by a
2136:
1866:
1328:
1081:
322:
133:
3769:
3040:
in most ways (e.g., they have mayors, aldermen, and municipal councils) and the
5697:
5555:
4251:
3843:
3810:
3786:
Onze Minister van Justitie in zijn hoedanigheid van minister van het Koninkrijk
3781:
3773:
3761:
3708:
3623:
3589:
3534:
3072:
3025:
3017:
2937:
2910:
2690:
2545:
2484:
2457:
2449:
2441:
2398:
form the Government of the Kingdom. According to Article 7 of the Charter, the
1680:
1296:
1217:
1196:'s defeat in 1815. In that year the Netherlands regained its independence from
1175:
1148:
1138:
1056:
1044:
525:
478:
283:
58:
4422:
2158:. The sovereign people of Aruba are represented by 21 parliamentarians in the
6021:
5884:
5879:
5535:
5512:
5507:
5491:
5455:
5450:
5435:
4468:
4291:
Edward, J.E.; Acton, D.A.; Ward, A.W.; Prothero, G.W.; Benians, E.A. (1907).
4122:
3704:
3547:
3236:
3232:
3013:
2921:, do not consider their external territories as integral parts of the state.
2879:
2745:
2533:
2468:
2249:
2206:
2171:
2083:
2075:
2071:
2023:
1710:
1192:
The Kingdom of the Netherlands originated in the aftermath of French Emperor
1171:
1089:
947:
797:
411:
408:
253:
240:
5869:
5672:
5486:
5481:
5465:
5440:
3740:
3700:
3678:
3562:
3189:
3117:
3112:
Talking about the negotiation tactics of then Minister for Kingdom Affairs
2994:
2918:
2891:
2783:
of the Kingdom a limited influence can be exerted on the smaller countries.
2661:
2549:
2440:
Two legal instruments are available at the Kingdom level: the Kingdom act (
2245:
2230:
2105:
1800:
1465:
1457:
1450:
1256:
1249:
1124:
790:
390:
359:
339:
5848:
4777:. Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties. Archived from
3285:
in the summer months. The European part of the Netherlands has a moderate
1418:. It was not an autonomous country, and was not mentioned in the Charter.
1275:, a part of the Kingdom that was, at the same time, a member state of the
1259:, the Sovereign Prince William of Orange and Nassau adopted the style of "
5826:
5707:
5565:
5540:
4800:
3857:
3748:
3654:
3508:
3444:
3382:
3324:
3243:
3224:
3205:
3197:
3005:
2964:
2887:
2865:
2735:
2681:
2574:
2031:
2019:
1615:
1589:
1475:
1340:
1101:
448:
375:
31:
5340:
4467:(The Pearls and the Crown. The Royal House and the Colonies; Amsterdam:
4430:
4406:
3657:, while The Hague is the seat of the government representing both;
5614:
5580:
3666:
3281:, with warm weather all year round. The Leeward Islands are subject to
3267:
3259:
2753:
2741:
2740:
arrangement. Instead, the Kingdom is said to have characteristics of a
2495:
of all countries in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and fall under the
2386:, the reigning monarch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and his wife
2310: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2175:
2079:
2059:
1484:
1453:, threatening to request military support to break a teachers' strike.
1442:
1193:
1156:
1093:
1084:
consisting of a collection of constituent territories united under the
405:
301:
5800:
3716:
3696:
3670:
3495:
3185:
3172:
3138:
Werkgroep Bestuurlijke en Financiële Verhoudingen Nederlandse Antillen
3082:
2990:
2657:
2202:
1770:
1434:
1120:
786:
385:
5821:
5594:
5560:
5178:"St. Eustatius, Saba, Bonaire and The Hague Reach Historic Agreement"
5088:
upon the following provisions, which shall be annexed to this Treaty:
3724:
2553:
2358:. The Netherlands is ruled by the provisions and institutions of the
2055:
2051:
1480:
1336:
1109:
273:
232:
159:
4561:"Waaruit bestaat het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden? - Rijksoverheid.nl"
2974:
2801:
2568:
Mutual arbitration between the constituent countries and the Kingdom
2285:
1295:. At that point, Luxembourg became a fully independent country in a
1291:, a step that was recognised by the Netherlands only in 1839 in the
5992:
5687:
5320:
5149:
4019:
Creoles in Education: An Appraisal of Current Programs and Projects
3573:. Curaçao and Sint Maarten became constituent countries, while the
3411:
3068:
who then choose the Senators similarly to the provincial councils.
2953:
2749:
2712:
Among other affiliations, the kingdom is also a founding member of
2492:
2252:, with similar administrative characteristics to Aruba. It has the
1152:
942:
801:
778:
759:
740:
4499:"Koning en Koningin bij viering 200 jaar Koninkrijk in Maastricht"
4307:"Dutch involvement in the transatlantic slave trade and abolition"
3235:
became part of the Netherlands as a special municipality, and its
5667:
5589:
5550:
5335:
5269:
4981:
Nr. 17 Amendement van de Bijzonder Gedelegeerden Wever en Thijsen
3991:"Invoeringswet openbare lichamen Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba"
3744:
3720:
3597:– a confederation between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the
3521:
3278:
3255:
3209:
3009:
2971:. However, these territories are not part of the European Union.
2936:
The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a founding member state of the
2899:
2875:
2091:
2047:
1650:
1315:
The Kingdom's 1954 administrative reform was sparked by the 1941
1167:
929:
606:
354:
344:
5315:
2705:
would be inconsistent with the country's ties with the Kingdom.
2577:
of Aruba; the original formulation was "by Kingdom Act measures
1532:, with the exception of Aruba, which left the grouping in 1986.
5900:
5738:
5717:
5619:
5599:
5517:
4630:"31.954, Wet openbare lichamen Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba"
3747:
are recognised as regional or non-territorial languages in the
3653:
Amsterdam is the constitutional capital of the kingdom and the
3239:(887 m; 2,910 ft) took the place of the Vaalserberg.
3192:
are separate constituent countries within the Kingdom, whereas
3128:
illustrated the sensitivity in this matter by remarking in the
2677:
2195:
1358:
were insignificant compared to that of the Netherlands. By the
1197:
511:
5311:
Official English website of the government of the Netherlands
5310:
4558:
4022:. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 268.
3712:
3662:
3482:
3431:
3212:, Germany (both in the European Netherlands), and France (on
3181:
2998:
2653:
2629:
One additional Kingdom affair is specified in article 43(2):
2622:
General conditions for the admission and expulsion of aliens;
2147:
1740:
1116:
917:
905:
809:
507:
380:
4376:"'Free Papua Movement' Intensifies Amid Escalating Violence"
3944:(in Dutch). Government of the Netherlands. 10 October 2010.
3098:, which is a singular form, whereas the official Dutch name
5325:
5316:
Official Dutch website of the government of the Netherlands
4895:
mandated by the Dutch State Secretary for Kingdom Relations
4016:
Migge, Bettina; Léglise, Isabelle; Bartens, Angela (2010).
2985:
In 2004, a joint commission proposed major reforms for the
2895:
2713:
2022:
is a representative parliamentary democracy organised as a
1312:
The Netherlands abolished slavery in its colonies in 1863.
1204:, which had annexed its northern neighbour in 1810, as the
1108:
and with several smaller island territories located in the
978:
894:
736:
1433:
In 1969, an unorganised strike on the Antillean island of
4822:"BSD Coordinatie algemeen regeringsbeleid stcrnt 2009 63"
3806:
3770:
Act on financial supervision for Curaçao and Sint Maarten
1155:, but are autonomous to a certain degree, with their own
1022:
1011:
1000:
989:
967:
853:
841:
832:
2106:
Caribbean Netherlands: Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba
5270:
Raad van State van het Koninkrijk (18 September 2006).
4290:
3905:
Ministerie van Binnenlanse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties
2931:
1537:
Constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
1287:
In 1830, the southerners, calling themselves Belgians,
4889:
H.G. Hoogers (2008) "De landen en het Koninkrijk", in
4351:[Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands].
3908:("Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Affairs"), the
2650:
Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
2400:
Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
1282:
5995:
in 1975, Curaçao and Dependencies was renamed to the
4465:
De parels en de kroon. Het koningshuis en de koloniën
4407:"Indonesia, the Netherlands and the New Guinea Issue"
4293:
The Cambridge Modern History. Vol. X: The Restoration
3180:
islands, all part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
3001:
which seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986.
1441:, during which a part of the historic city centre of
4177:
Emmanuel requests letter Violenus read to Dutch govt
3856:
Not to be confused with the constituent country the
3778:
in zijn hoedanigheid van Minister van het Koninkrijk
3292:
3254:(Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao) are largely lacking in
2648:
These Kingdom affairs are only taken care of by the
2178:
and the Kingdom of the Netherlands' Dutch language.
220:
Map of the four constituent countries shown to scale
5205:"Bijdrage debat Begroting Koninkrijksrelaties 2006"
4600:"Monetary, Safety Law BES islands approved islands"
4015:
3083:
Distinction between the Netherlands and the Kingdom
2676:The Kingdom negotiates and concludes international
5331:Official website of the government of Sint Maarten
4915:Dennis Richardson voorgedragen voor Raad van State
3577:became special municipalities of the Netherlands.
5148:. Government.nl. 13 February 2007. Archived from
3727:, the West Frisian language has a formal status.
2975:Constitutional reform of the Netherlands Antilles
1524:within the country of the Netherlands. Until its
1456:In 1973, a new Dutch cabinet under Labour leader
6058:Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean
6019:
5175:
4801:Instellingsbesluit raad voor Koninkrijksrelaties
3977:: "The official languages are Dutch and English"
3960:
3649:
3647:
2422:chairs the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom.
2268:. The northern half of the island is the French
2170:. It has its own Central Bank and currency, the
2046:. The Netherlands is divided into 12 provinces:
1512:The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of four
1206:Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands
64:
5146:"Agreement on division of Netherlands Antilles"
3606:(1958–1962) – made up of 10 provinces of the UK
3262:occurs along the deformed southern edge of the
3034:Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
2507:The legislature of the Kingdom consists of the
2431:Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
2365:Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
2360:Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
4632:(in Dutch). Eerste kamer der Staten-Generaal.
3936:
3934:
3914:("Kingdom Games", the Dutch equivalent of the
2641:and good governance shall be a Kingdom affair.
1323:. In this speech, the Queen, on behalf of the
1250:Napoleon's return from his first exile on Elba
5356:
5326:Official website of the government of Curaçao
5202:
4559:Ministerie van Algemene Zaken (19 May 2015).
4349:"Statuut voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden"
4115:Staatsblad van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
4048:
3829:
3644:
1445:was destroyed by fire. Order was restored by
1350:was considered too heavy as the economies of
1263:". Following Napoleon's second defeat at the
670:42,531 km (16,421 sq mi) (
4084:(in Dutch). Rijksoverheid. 11 January 2016.
3691:
3689:
3687:
3402:Suriname gained independence and became the
2448:) and the Order-in-Council for the Kingdom (
2338:
1216:in the territories that were previously the
1100:with its largest subdivision, the eponymous
119:
5321:Official website of the government of Aruba
5207:(in Dutch). ChristenUnie.nl. Archived from
4736:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4404:
3968:Art. 1 para 2. Constitution of Sint Maarten
3931:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3836:
3822:.bq is designated, but not in use, for the
3627:
3196:are part of the constituent country of the
3136:
3099:
3093:
2863:
2830:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2733:
1469:
1397:
1396:, and the Netherlands Antilles, (formerly,
1380:
1375:. An overseas member could be added to the
1142:
1132:
154:
50:
18:Countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
6033:States and territories established in 1815
5984:
5814:
5363:
5349:
5061:Beginselen van het Nederlandse Staatsrecht
4885:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4474:
4457:
3985:
3983:
3362:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
3344:
2435:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
2356:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
1580:
1390:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
1360:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
214:
6053:Member states of the Dutch Language Union
5999:, which was eventually dissolved in 2010.
5370:
4519:. Amsterdam/Brussel: Elsevier. pp. 43–44.
4009:
3902:("Council of Ministers of the Kingdom"),
3684:
3146:enforcement of decisions of the council.
3124:Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands
3036:. These municipalities resemble ordinary
2850:Learn how and when to remove this message
2540:According to Article 39 of the Charter, "
2326:Learn how and when to remove this message
2102:was replaced by the U.S. dollar in 2011.
1255:In March 1815, amidst the turmoil of the
27:Sovereign state including the Netherlands
5171:
5169:
5167:
4374:Paddock, Richard C. (12 December 2020).
3711:. Papiamento is an official language in
3171:
2727:
2600:Maintenance of the independence and the
2416:Minister Plenipotentiary of Sint Maarten
2377:
2190:Historic Area of Willemstad, declared a
2185:
2009:
1507:
1366:and the Netherlands Antilles each got a
1057:[ˈkoːnɪŋkrɛiɡdɛrˈneːdərlɑndə(n)]
488:Minister Plenipotentiary of Sint Maarten
5138:
4872:
4707:
4373:
4330:
4328:
4191:
4189:
3980:
3890:
2981:Dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles
2917:, as well as the United States and its
2592:Article 3 of the Charter specifies the
2404:Council of Ministers of the Netherlands
1848:42,525 km (16,419 sq mi)
1631:41,545 km (16,041 sq mi)
1600:41,873 km (16,167 sq mi)
1399:Kolonie Curaçao en Onderhorige Eilanden
14:
6048:1815 establishments in the Netherlands
6020:
5059:A.D. Belinfante, J.L. De Reede (2002)
4965:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4769:
4767:
4220:
4218:
4082:"Welke erkende talen heeft Nederland?"
3948:from the original on 10 September 2019
3882:from the original on 9 September 2015,
3863:
3289:, with cool summers and mild winters.
3277:The Caribbean islands have a tropical
2467:The Monarch of the Netherlands is the
1954:Papiamento, Dutch (official), Spanish
1406:") were colonies of the Netherlands.
5847:
5799:
5645:
5382:
5344:
5164:
4636:from the original on 25 November 2010
4522:
4445:from the original on 25 December 2021
4386:from the original on 15 February 2022
4313:from the original on 12 December 2021
4088:from the original on 27 December 2017
4062:from the original on 27 December 2017
3997:from the original on 21 December 2017
3899:Raad van Ministers van het Koninkrijk
3842:
3622:The official motto is in French. The
2963:The Caribbean islands, including the
2209:. Its administration consists of the
2034:). The people are represented by the
1863:
1821:
1791:
1761:
1731:
1565:
1560:
1557:
1552:
1545:
1542:
1115:The four subdivisions of the Kingdom—
1055:
5336:Official website of the Royal Family
5248:from the original on 25 October 2007
5176:The Daily Herald (12 October 2006).
4858:"Onderraad voor Koninkrijksrelaties"
4325:
4203:from the original on 13 January 2020
4186:
3850:
2932:Relationship with the European Union
2828:adding citations to reliable sources
2795:
2671:
2308:adding citations to reliable sources
2279:
1528:in 2010, the islands had formed the
1238:William, Prince of Orange and Nassau
898:
6043:Member states of the European Union
5987:of the Kingdom of the Netherlands;
5184:from the original on 6 October 2007
4904:and was used for government policy.
4764:
4659:"The Bonaire Insider – InfoBonaire"
4501:. Dutch Royal House. Archived from
4215:
4036:from the original on 1 January 2021
3143:Council of Ministers of the Kingdom
2514:
2454:Algemene maatregel van Rijksbestuur
2412:Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao
2384:Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands
1996:English, Dutch (official), Spanish
1283:Belgium and Luxembourg independence
473:Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao
24:
5647:Colonies and trading posts of the
5384:Colonies and trading posts of the
5284:from the original on 25 March 2009
4752:from the original on 14 March 2019
4480:Gert Oostindie and Inge Klinkers,
4411:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
4150:
3876:Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek
2587:
2256:as its currency. Unlike the other
1392:was proclaimed in 1954, Suriname,
25:
6069:
5304:
5203:André Rouvoet (12 October 2005).
4695:from the original on 5 April 2017
4540:from the original on 25 July 2019
3293:Timeline of constituent countries
3194:Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba
2687:States General of the Netherlands
2552:, the law of criminal procedure,
2509:States General of the Netherlands
2408:Minister Plenipotentiary of Aruba
2112:special municipalities of Bonaire
2036:States General of the Netherlands
1781:444 km (171 sq mi)
1661:288 km (111 sq mi)
1346:With Indonesia's independence, a
1307:
458:Minister Plenipotentiary of Aruba
4132:from the original on 3 July 2021
3555:
3540:
3527:
3514:
3501:
3488:
3475:
3450:
3437:
3424:
3404:
3388:
3375:
3346:
3331:
3317:
2800:
2633:The safeguarding of fundamental
2462:Rijkswet op het Nederlanderschap
2284:
1824:
1793:
1763:
1751:180 km (69 sq mi)
1733:
1721:13 km (5.0 sq mi)
1703:
1691:21 km (8.1 sq mi)
1673:
1643:
1614:
1582:
1495:
1439:serious disturbances and looting
1076:), commonly known simply as the
702:
701:
205:
181:
99:
85:
5708:Sint Eustatius and Dependencies
5263:
5227:
5196:
5119:
5100:
5066:
5053:
5040:
5027:Het Statuut voor het Koninkrijk
5018:
5005:Het Statuut voor het Koninkrijk
4992:
4973:
4926:
4907:
4850:
4814:
4793:
4677:
4651:
4622:
4592:
4552:
4509:
4491:
4398:
4367:
4341:
4299:
4284:
4258:
4244:
4170:
4144:
4100:
3872:"Niet-gemeentelijke indelingen"
3816:
3799:
3754:
2768:Constitution of the Netherlands
2695:Staten-Generaal der Nederlanden
2388:Queen Máxima of the Netherlands
2295:needs additional citations for
2275:
2240:
1811:34 km (13 sq mi)
1412:seven-month transitional period
5015:, Deventer: Kluwer, pp. 23–24.
4295:. MacMillan. pp. 522–524.
4074:
3635:
3616:
3266:and was formed by the plate's
2969:citizens of the European Union
2791:
2685:for the tacit approval of the
2548:, the law of civil procedure,
2502:
2005:
1993:Netherlands Antillean guilder
1979:Netherlands Antillean guilder
924:(Curaçao / Caribbean)
13:
1:
5076:The High Contracting Parties,
4606:. 19 May 2010. Archived from
4353:Government of the Netherlands
3924:
3719:, and has a formal status on
3703:, and has a formal status on
3569:The Netherlands Antilles was
2373:
2235:Netherlands Antillean guilder
2225:. The Governor of Curaçao is
2100:Netherlands Antillean guilder
1982:Papiamento, Dutch (official)
1926:Papiamento, Dutch (official)
1483:now had a willing partner in
1236:, awarding rule over this to
5277:(in Dutch). pp. 34–35.
5241:(in Dutch). pp. 37–38.
4831:. p. 12. Archived from
4355:(in Dutch). 17 November 2017
3164:Geography of the Netherlands
3149:
2523:
2270:Collectivity of Saint Martin
2229:, and the Prime Minister is
2166:, and the Prime Minister is
1817:1,221/km (3,160/sq mi)
1029:(Caribbean Netherlands)
36:Netherlands (disambiguation)
7:
4746:www.arubaforeignaffairs.com
3595:Netherlands-Indonesia Union
3583:
2940:. Although originally both
2437:does not provide for that.
2162:. The Governor of Aruba is
1500:The Kingdom celebrated its
1471:Nationale Partij Kombinatie
1462:government policy statement
1104:, predominantly located in
720:532/km (1,377.9/sq mi)
290:Official regional languages
10:
6074:
6028:Kingdom of the Netherlands
5851:Kingdom of the Netherlands
5037:, Deventer: Kluwer, p. 24.
4405:Vandenbosch, Amry (1976).
3599:United States of Indonesia
3153:
3101:Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
2978:
2924:Other states, such as the
2474:
2223:Charetti America-Francisca
2181:
2122:, together referred to as
1968:English, Dutch (official)
1940:English, Dutch (official)
1915:No religion, Christianity
1832:Kingdom of the Netherlands
1757:624/km (1,620/sq mi)
1637:521/km (1,350/sq mi)
1606:516/km (1,340/sq mi)
1188:History of the Netherlands
1185:
1181:
1086:monarch of the Netherlands
1049:Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
1041:Kingdom of the Netherlands
594:Kingdom of the Netherlands
52:Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
47:Kingdom of the Netherlands
29:
5978:
5962:
5941:
5925:
5909:
5893:
5862:
5858:
5843:
5810:
5795:
5767:
5731:
5660:
5656:
5641:
5579:
5526:
5500:
5474:
5413:
5397:
5393:
5378:
4517:De monarchie in Nederland
4423:10.1017/S0022463400010298
4056:"Wet gebruik Friese taal"
3168:Geography of Sint Maarten
3137:
2926:Commonwealth of Australia
2635:human rights and freedoms
2530:Hoge Raad der Nederlanden
2339:Charter and constitutions
2098:(BES islands), where the
1858:515/km (1,330/sq mi)
1701:
1671:
1641:
1612:
1610:
1573:
1325:Dutch government in exile
1234:Prince-Bishopric of Liège
953:
941:
880:
870:
862:
820:
724:
714:
695:
688:
678:
664:
657:
653:
632:
603:
590:
577:
564:
551:
522:
518:
503:
499:
484:
469:
454:
439:
424:
420:
399:
365:
353:
315:
289:
279:
269:
225:
213:
204:
174:
149:
141:
115:
81:
45:
5949:Curaçao and Dependencies
5683:Curaçao and Dependencies
5661:Colonies in the Americas
5649:Dutch West India Company
5386:Dutch East India Company
5132:19 December 2018 at the
5002:", in: C. Borman (2005)
4900:15 February 2022 at the
4807:15 February 2022 at the
4157:www.curacaochronicle.com
3610:
3131:House of Representatives
2652:, if the affair affects
2610:Netherlands nationality;
2481:Netherlands Armed Forces
2142:
2040:House of Representatives
1787:358/km (930/sq mi)
1727:148/km (380/sq mi)
1697:150/km (390/sq mi)
1404:Curaçao and subordinates
1368:Minister Plenipotentiary
1289:seceded from the Kingdom
1273:Grand Duke of Luxembourg
921:
909:
5732:Trading posts in Africa
5466:Northeast coast of Java
5113:21 October 2021 at the
4685:"Aruba and the Kingdom"
4058:(in Dutch). wetten.nl.
3993:(in Dutch). wetten.nl.
3042:laws of the Netherlands
2489:Nederlandse krijgsmacht
1667:69/km (180/sq mi)
1261:king of the Netherlands
1123:, the Netherlands, and
1073:
636:Charter for the Kingdom
415:constitutional monarchy
280:Official languages
65:
4864:. 2007. Archived from
4799:Wetten.overheid.nl – "
3910:
3904:
3898:
3844:[ˈkoːnɪŋkrɛik]
3837:
3785:
3777:
3765:
3628:
3604:West Indies Federation
3201:
3100:
3094:
3090:International treaties
3029:
2864:
2785:
2754:devolved unitary state
2734:
2694:
2602:defence of the Kingdom
2594:Affairs of the Kingdom
2488:
2461:
2453:
2445:
2391:
2199:
2038:, which consists of a
2015:
1522:special municipalities
1470:
1460:assumed power. In the
1398:
1394:Netherlands New Guinea
1381:
1371:Second Chamber of the
1164:special municipalities
1143:
1133:
1048:
846:Caribbean Netherlands:
155:
120:
51:
34:. For other uses, see
6038:Member states of NATO
5985:constituent countries
5518:West coast of Sumatra
5372:Dutch colonial empire
5048:Constitutioneel recht
5032:12 April 2016 at the
5010:12 April 2016 at the
4986:25 March 2016 at the
3973:25 March 2016 at the
3824:Caribbean Netherlands
3175:
2878:, Greenland, and the
2780:
2728:Constitutional nature
2396:ministers he appoints
2381:
2219:Parliament of Curaçao
2189:
2124:Caribbean Netherlands
2096:Caribbean Netherlands
2013:
1999:Catholic, Protestant
1943:Protestant, Catholic
1929:Catholic, Protestant
1873:Caribbean Netherlands
1555:Kingdom's population
1549:(as of November 2019)
1514:constituent countries
1508:Constituent countries
1129:constituent countries
1092:. The realm is not a
825:European Netherlands:
768:Caribbean Netherlands
680:• Water (%)
579:• Annexation by
368:(non‑sovereign parts)
5997:Netherlands Antilles
4868:on 19 December 2007.
4515:C. A. Tamse (1980).
3809:, shared with other
3458:Netherlands Antilles
3412:Republic of Suriname
3396:Netherlands Antilles
3339:Netherlands Antilles
3272:South American Plate
3160:Geography of Curaçao
3038:Dutch municipalities
2987:Netherlands Antilles
2915:overseas territories
2884:Realm of New Zealand
2824:improve this section
2420:Dutch Prime Minister
2406:complemented by one
2394:The Monarch and the
2304:improve this article
2132:Dutch municipalities
1871:Forms a part of the
1865:Forms a part of the
1530:Netherlands Antilles
1416:annexed by Indonesia
1356:Netherlands Antilles
1348:federal constitution
1277:German Confederation
1242:southern territories
1230:Austrian Netherlands
697:• 2023 estimate
605:• Secession of
316:Recognised languages
270:Government seat
5803:Noordsche Compagnie
5801:Settlements of the
5779:Society of Suriname
5625:Vietnam (1637–1643)
5398:Governorate General
5063:, Deventer, p. 315.
5050:, Deventer, p. 107.
4920:11 May 2011 at the
4781:on 17 February 2008
3733:Dutch Sign Language
2862:Despite being of a
2558:industrial property
2497:Ministry of Defense
2227:Lucille George-Wout
2192:World Heritage Site
2160:Parliament of Aruba
1888:
1566:Population density
1539:
1106:Northwestern Europe
1088:, who functions as
581:First French Empire
329:Dutch Sign Language
250: /
175:"William of Nassau"
5773:Society of Berbice
4380:The New York Times
4183:, 30 December 2020
3916:Commonwealth Games
3677:is the capital of
3669:is the capital of
3661:is the capital of
3202:
3156:Geography of Aruba
3114:Alexander Pechtold
2872:Kingdom of Denmark
2607:Foreign relations;
2392:
2200:
2168:Evelyn Wever-Croes
2016:
1887:
1621:Mainland provinces
1535:
1267:in June 1815, the
1265:Battle of Waterloo
1252:("Hundred Days").
1226:Kingdom of Holland
642:colonial inclusion
568:Kingdom of Holland
504:Independence
6015:
6014:
6011:
6010:
6007:
6006:
5993:full independence
5933:Dutch East Indies
5839:
5838:
5835:
5834:
5791:
5790:
5787:
5786:
5637:
5636:
5633:
5632:
4829:Nationaal Archief
4610:on 10 August 2010
4255:Gravenhage, 1956)
4029:978-90-272-5258-6
3911:Koninkrijksspelen
3581:
3580:
3120:leader, and then
3077:Outermost Regions
3066:electoral college
3030:openbare lichamen
2860:
2859:
2852:
2672:Foreign relations
2493:military services
2491:) are the shared
2336:
2335:
2328:
2254:Antillean Guilder
2248:is a centralised
2237:as its currency.
2164:Alfonso Boekhoudt
2003:
2002:
1880:
1879:
1518:Caribbean islands
1474:) to power, with
1333:Dutch East Indies
1246:Prussian (German)
1240:, although these
1222:Batavian Republic
1037:
1036:
555:Batavian Republic
464:Guillfred Besaril
196:
16:(Redirected from
6065:
6000:
5860:
5859:
5849:Colonies of the
5845:
5844:
5812:
5811:
5797:
5796:
5777:Governed by the
5771:Governed by the
5658:
5657:
5643:
5642:
5395:
5394:
5380:
5379:
5365:
5358:
5351:
5342:
5341:
5298:
5297:
5291:
5289:
5283:
5276:
5267:
5261:
5260:
5255:
5253:
5247:
5240:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5218:
5216:
5200:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5189:
5173:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5152:on 12 March 2007
5142:
5136:
5123:
5117:
5104:
5098:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5070:
5064:
5057:
5051:
5044:
5038:
5022:
5016:
4996:
4990:
4977:
4971:
4970:
4964:
4956:
4954:
4952:
4947:on 25 March 2016
4946:
4940:. Archived from
4939:
4930:
4924:
4911:
4905:
4887:
4870:
4869:
4854:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4838:on 16 April 2010
4837:
4826:
4818:
4812:
4797:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4771:
4762:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4738:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4700:
4691:. 5 April 2017.
4689:Aruba Government
4681:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4670:
4665:on 7 August 2010
4661:. Archived from
4655:
4649:
4648:
4643:
4641:
4626:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4615:
4604:The Daily Herald
4596:
4590:
4589:
4583:
4578:
4576:
4568:
4556:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4526:
4520:
4513:
4507:
4506:
4505:on 2 April 2015.
4495:
4489:
4478:
4472:
4463:Gert Oostindie,
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4402:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4391:
4371:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4345:
4339:
4332:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4318:
4309:. 24 June 2013.
4303:
4297:
4296:
4288:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4262:
4256:
4248:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4222:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4193:
4184:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4148:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4131:
4112:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4052:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4013:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4002:
3987:
3978:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3938:
3919:
3913:
3907:
3901:
3894:
3888:
3883:
3867:
3861:
3854:
3848:
3846:
3840:
3833:
3827:
3820:
3814:
3803:
3797:
3758:
3752:
3693:
3682:
3651:
3642:
3639:
3633:
3631:
3629:Ik zal handhaven
3620:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3341:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3297:
3296:
3287:maritime climate
3252:Leeward Antilles
3140:
3139:
3103:
3097:
3054:Dutch parliament
2946:overseas country
2869:
2855:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2835:
2804:
2796:
2739:
2560:, the office of
2515:Council of State
2402:consists of the
2331:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2311:
2288:
2280:
1901:Major religions
1898:Major languages
1889:
1886:
1883:Comparison table
1876:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1619:
1618:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1576:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1473:
1401:
1384:
1377:Council of State
1321:Queen Wilhelmina
1317:Atlantic Charter
1293:Treaty of London
1146:
1136:
1098:unitary monarchy
1067:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1054:
1030:
1027:
1019:
1016:
1008:
1005:
997:
994:
986:
983:
975:
972:
934:
926:
925:
922:
913:
910:
902:
899:
858:DST not observed
813:
794:
771:
752:
706:17,821,419 (
705:
704:
649:15 December 1954
645:
628:
619:
547:
540:30 January 1648
538:
434:Willem-Alexander
369:
331:
265:
264:
262:
261:
260:
255:
254:52.367°N 4.883°E
251:
248:
247:
246:
243:
228:and largest city
218:
209:
198:
197:
178:
176:
170:
166:
164:
158:
145:
143:
137:
129:
127:
123:
103:
89:
76:
68:
62:
54:
43:
42:
21:
6073:
6072:
6068:
6067:
6066:
6064:
6063:
6062:
6018:
6017:
6016:
6003:
5982:
5974:
5958:
5937:
5921:
5905:
5889:
5854:
5831:
5806:
5783:
5763:
5727:
5652:
5629:
5575:
5522:
5496:
5470:
5409:
5389:
5374:
5369:
5307:
5302:
5301:
5287:
5285:
5281:
5274:
5268:
5264:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5238:
5232:
5228:
5214:
5212:
5201:
5197:
5187:
5185:
5174:
5165:
5155:
5153:
5144:
5143:
5139:
5134:Wayback Machine
5124:
5120:
5115:Wayback Machine
5105:
5101:
5092:
5089:
5085:
5084:
5080:
5079:
5078:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5067:
5058:
5054:
5045:
5041:
5034:Wayback Machine
5023:
5019:
5012:Wayback Machine
4997:
4993:
4988:Wayback Machine
4978:
4974:
4958:
4957:
4950:
4948:
4944:
4937:
4935:"Archived copy"
4933:
4931:
4927:
4922:Wayback Machine
4912:
4908:
4902:Wayback Machine
4888:
4873:
4856:
4855:
4851:
4841:
4839:
4835:
4824:
4820:
4819:
4815:
4809:Wayback Machine
4798:
4794:
4784:
4782:
4773:
4772:
4765:
4755:
4753:
4740:
4739:
4708:
4698:
4696:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4668:
4666:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4639:
4637:
4628:
4627:
4623:
4613:
4611:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4581:
4579:
4570:
4569:
4557:
4553:
4543:
4541:
4534:opendata.cbs.nl
4528:
4527:
4523:
4514:
4510:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4479:
4475:
4462:
4458:
4448:
4446:
4403:
4399:
4389:
4387:
4372:
4368:
4358:
4356:
4347:
4346:
4342:
4333:
4326:
4316:
4314:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4273:
4270:opendata.cbs.nl
4264:
4263:
4259:
4249:
4245:
4235:
4233:
4230:opendata.cbs.nl
4224:
4223:
4216:
4206:
4204:
4195:
4194:
4187:
4175:
4171:
4161:
4159:
4149:
4145:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4110:
4106:
4105:
4101:
4091:
4089:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4065:
4063:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4039:
4037:
4030:
4014:
4010:
4000:
3998:
3989:
3988:
3981:
3975:Wayback Machine
3965:
3961:
3951:
3949:
3940:
3939:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3895:
3891:
3870:
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3626:translation is
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3264:Caribbean Plate
3248:Leeward Islands
3178:Dutch Caribbean
3170:
3154:Main articles:
3152:
3085:
3047:social security
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2904:Ross Dependency
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1934:Sint Eustatius
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1421:In 1955, Queen
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1269:Vienna Congress
1244:remained under
1212:to establish a
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5305:External links
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4530:"CBS Statline"
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4417:(1): 102–118.
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4266:"CBS Statline"
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4252:United Nations
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4226:"CBS Statline"
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3258:activity: the
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3073:European Union
3018:Sint Eustatius
2979:Main article:
2976:
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2938:European Union
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2546:commercial law
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2433:as far as the
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2333:
2316:September 2021
2292:
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2283:
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2262:divided island
2242:
2239:
2215:Prime Minister
2183:
2180:
2156:Prime Minister
2144:
2141:
2116:Sint Eustatius
2107:
2104:
2028:Prime Minister
2007:
2004:
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2000:
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1991:
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1373:States General
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1308:Decolonisation
1306:
1297:personal union
1284:
1281:
1218:Dutch Republic
1186:Main article:
1183:
1180:
1176:Sint Eustatius
1149:foreign policy
1074:Reino Hulandes
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66:Reino Hulandes
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26:
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5426:Banda Islands
5424:
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5412:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5396:
5392:
5387:
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5211:on 6 May 2009
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4810:
4806:
4802:
4796:
4780:
4776:
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4751:
4747:
4743:
4742:"Coming Soon"
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4531:
4525:
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4469:De Bezige Bij
4466:
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4416:
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4408:
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4287:
4271:
4267:
4261:
4253:
4247:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4219:
4202:
4198:
4197:"Oppervlakte"
4192:
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4182:
4178:
4173:
4158:
4154:
4147:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4109:
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4031:
4025:
4021:
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4012:
3996:
3992:
3986:
3984:
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3966:According to
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3937:
3935:
3930:
3917:
3912:
3906:
3900:
3893:
3886:
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3523:
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3497:
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3473:
3472:
3471:
3469:2010–present
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3448:
3446:
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3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3237:Mount Scenery
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3211:
3207:
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3187:
3183:
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3169:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3147:
3144:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3126:André Rouvoet
3123:
3119:
3115:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3091:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3060:is chosen by
3059:
3055:
3050:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3022:public bodies
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2922:
2920:
2919:insular areas
2916:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2880:Faroe Islands
2877:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2854:
2851:
2843:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2809:This section
2807:
2803:
2798:
2797:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2746:confederation
2743:
2742:federal state
2738:
2737:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2683:
2679:
2669:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2646:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2538:
2535:
2534:supreme court
2531:
2521:
2512:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2472:
2470:
2469:head of state
2465:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2330:
2327:
2319:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2293:This section
2291:
2287:
2282:
2281:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2250:unitary state
2247:
2238:
2236:
2233:. It has the
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2207:unitary state
2204:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2172:Aruban florin
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2140:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2084:South Holland
2081:
2077:
2076:North Holland
2073:
2072:North Brabant
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2024:unitary state
2021:
2012:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:Sint Maarten
1989:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1884:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1561:Percentage of
1553:Percentage of
1541:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1505:
1503:
1496:Modern events
1493:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1447:Dutch marines
1444:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1405:
1402:, "Colony of
1400:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1090:head of state
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1058:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1024:
1021:
1013:
1010:
1002:
999:
991:
988:
980:
977:
974:(Netherlands)
969:
966:
965:
958:
956:
952:
949:
946:
944:
943:ISO 3166 code
940:
931:
928:
919:
915:
907:
904:
901:(Netherlands)
896:
893:
892:
885:
883:
879:
875:
873:
869:
865:
861:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
834:
830:
826:
823:
819:
811:
806:
803:
799:
798:Aruban florin
796:
792:
788:
783:
780:
776:
773:
769:
764:
761:
757:
754:
750:
745:
742:
738:
735:
734:
727:
723:
719:
713:
709:
700:
694:
691:
687:
683:
677:
673:
669:
663:
660:
656:
652:
648:
643:
637:
631:
626:
617:
611:
608:
602:
599:16 March 1815
598:
595:
589:
585:
582:
576:
572:
569:
563:
559:
556:
550:
545:
536:
531:26 July 1581
530:
527:
521:
517:
513:
509:
502:
498:
495:
494:Rene Violenus
492:
489:
483:
480:
477:
474:
468:
465:
462:
459:
453:
450:
447:
444:
438:
435:
432:
429:
423:
419:
416:
413:
412:parliamentary
410:
407:
404:
402:
398:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
373:
371:
364:
361:
358:
356:
352:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
330:
326:
324:
321:
320:
318:
314:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
294:
292:
288:
285:
282:
278:
275:
272:
268:
263:
259:52.367; 4.883
234:
231:
224:
217:
212:
208:
203:
165:
161:
152:
148:
135:
128:
118:
114:
108:
102:
94:
88:
80:
74:
67:
60:
53:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5850:
5501:Commandments
5475:Directorates
5414:Governorates
5293:
5286:. Retrieved
5265:
5257:
5250:. Retrieved
5229:
5220:
5213:. Retrieved
5209:the original
5198:
5186:. Retrieved
5154:. Retrieved
5150:the original
5140:
5121:
5102:
5068:
5060:
5055:
5047:
5042:
5025:
5020:
5003:
4999:
4994:
4975:
4949:. Retrieved
4942:the original
4928:
4909:
4866:the original
4861:
4852:
4840:. Retrieved
4833:the original
4828:
4816:
4795:
4783:. Retrieved
4779:the original
4754:. Retrieved
4745:
4697:. Retrieved
4688:
4679:
4667:. Retrieved
4663:the original
4653:
4645:
4638:. Retrieved
4624:
4612:. Retrieved
4608:the original
4603:
4594:
4564:
4554:
4542:. Retrieved
4533:
4524:
4516:
4511:
4503:the original
4493:
4485:
4481:
4476:
4464:
4459:
4447:. Retrieved
4414:
4410:
4400:
4388:. Retrieved
4379:
4369:
4357:. Retrieved
4352:
4343:
4335:
4334:Peter Meel,
4315:. Retrieved
4301:
4292:
4286:
4274:. Retrieved
4269:
4260:
4246:
4234:. Retrieved
4229:
4205:. Retrieved
4180:
4172:
4160:. Retrieved
4156:
4146:
4134:. Retrieved
4114:
4102:
4090:. Retrieved
4076:
4064:. Retrieved
4050:
4038:. Retrieved
4018:
4011:
3999:. Retrieved
3962:
3950:. Retrieved
3892:
3875:
3865:
3852:
3831:
3818:
3801:
3756:
3741:Sinte Romani
3701:Sint Maarten
3679:Sint Maarten
3637:
3618:
3563:Sint Maarten
3276:
3241:
3218:
3214:Saint Martin
3206:land borders
3203:
3190:Sint Maarten
3129:
3122:demissionary
3118:ChristenUnie
3111:
3107:
3086:
3070:
3056:. The Dutch
3051:
3032:) under the
3003:
2995:Sint Maarten
2984:
2962:
2935:
2923:
2908:
2892:Cook Islands
2886:consists of
2874:consists of
2861:
2846:
2837:
2822:Please help
2810:
2786:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2731:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2675:
2666:
2647:
2644:
2628:
2625:Extradition.
2591:
2583:
2578:
2575:J.E. Thijsen
2571:
2550:criminal law
2539:
2527:
2518:
2506:
2478:
2466:
2439:
2428:
2424:
2393:
2369:
2352:Sint Maarten
2342:
2322:
2313:
2302:Please help
2297:verification
2294:
2276:Institutions
2266:Saint Martin
2246:Sint Maarten
2244:
2241:Sint Maarten
2231:Gilmar Pisas
2201:
2146:
2127:
2109:
2017:
1906:Netherlands
1892:Subdivision
1882:
1881:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1822:
1801:Sint Maarten
1511:
1502:bicentennial
1499:
1490:
1458:Joop den Uyl
1455:
1451:Jopie Pengel
1437:resulted in
1432:
1420:
1414:when it was
1408:
1387:
1345:
1314:
1311:
1286:
1257:Hundred Days
1254:
1214:single state
1202:First Empire
1191:
1161:
1141:; singular:
1125:Sint Maarten
1114:
1077:
1040:
1038:
1026:
1015:
1004:
993:
982:
971:
955:Internet TLD
882:Calling code
845:
824:
791:Sint Maarten
731:4 currencies
666:• Total
391:Sint Maarten
340:Sinte Romani
307:West Frisian
150:
117:Motto:
116:
107:Coat of arms
40:
5853:(1815–1975)
5827:Smeerenburg
5815:Settlements
5805:(1614–1642)
5759:Slave Coast
5651:(1621–1792)
5583:settlements
5541:Banjarmasin
5528:Residencies
5431:Cape Colony
5388:(1602–1798)
5156:24 February
5086:Have agreed
5000:sui generis
4565:onderwerpen
4449:25 December
4390:25 December
4317:12 December
4276:28 November
4092:29 December
4066:27 December
4001:27 December
3858:Netherlands
3794:Borman 2010
3790:Borman 2005
3749:Netherlands
3675:Philipsburg
3655:Netherlands
3575:BES islands
3509:Netherlands
3445:Netherlands
3383:Netherlands
3325:Netherlands
3244:West Indies
3225:Vaalserberg
3198:Netherlands
3176:Map of the
3006:BES islands
2965:BES islands
2888:New Zealand
2866:sui generis
2792:Comparisons
2736:sui generis
2682:Netherlands
2662:St. Maarten
2503:Legislature
2128:BES islands
2032:Dick Schoof
2030:(currently
2020:Netherlands
2006:Netherlands
1590:Netherlands
1575:Subdivision
1526:dissolution
1476:Henck Arron
1425:and Prince
1388:Before the
1341:colonialism
1248:rule until
1157:parliaments
1102:Netherlands
1078:Netherlands
930:+1 721
863:Date format
586:1 July 1810
573:5 June 1806
449:Dick Schoof
376:Netherlands
257: /
32:Netherlands
6022:Categories
5970:New Guinea
5963:Until 1962
5942:Until 1954
5926:Until 1949
5917:Gold Coast
5910:Until 1872
5894:Until 1853
5875:Coromandel
5863:Until 1825
5754:Senegambia
5744:Gold Coast
5581:Opperhoofd
5446:Coromandel
5288:21 October
5252:21 October
5215:21 October
5188:21 October
5127:EU website
4785:13 October
4669:11 October
4640:15 October
4582:|url=
4544:3 December
4272:(in Dutch)
4232:(in Dutch)
4207:10 January
4040:26 October
3925:References
3838:Koninkrijk
3737:Limburgish
3667:Willemstad
3659:Oranjestad
3418:1986–2010
3369:1975–1986
3311:1954–1975
3303:Countries
3283:hurricanes
3270:under the
3268:subduction
3260:island arc
3075:status of
3062:provincial
2902:, and the
2840:March 2019
2581:be made".
2414:, and one
2374:Government
2176:Papiamento
2080:Overijssel
2060:Gelderland
1965:US dollar
1937:US dollar
1923:US dollar
1838:17,737,438
1625:17,399,821
1594:17,424,978
1546:Population
1485:Paramaribo
1443:Willemstad
1200:under its
1194:Napoleon I
1096:; it is a
1094:federation
1070:Papiamento
1053:pronounced
866:dd-mm-yyyy
844:+2) (DST)
775:NA guilder
690:Population
625:recognised
544:recognised
401:Government
366:Countries
355:Demonym(s)
335:Limburgish
302:Papiamento
173:(English:
140:(English:
73:Papiamento
5822:Jan Mayen
5693:Essequibo
5605:Mauritius
5571:Pontianak
5561:Palembang
4913:RNW.nl –
4486:1954–1975
4439:163500918
4123:0920-2064
3725:Friesland
3571:dissolved
3150:Geography
3095:Nederland
2958:dissolved
2811:does not
2554:copyright
2524:Judiciary
2064:Groningen
2056:Friesland
2052:Flevoland
1985:Catholic
1971:Catholic
1957:Catholic
1895:Currency
1481:The Hague
1337:Indonesia
1110:Caribbean
1007:(Curaçao)
985:(Fryslân)
872:Drives on
821:Time zone
756:US dollar
274:The Hague
233:Amsterdam
160:Wilhelmus
5989:Suriname
5703:Pomeroon
5688:Demerara
5566:Preanger
5551:Cheribon
5461:Moluccas
5279:Archived
5243:Archived
5182:Archived
5130:Archived
5111:Archived
5030:Archived
5008:Archived
4984:Archived
4961:cite web
4951:17 March
4918:Archived
4898:Archived
4842:16 April
4805:Archived
4756:18 March
4750:Archived
4693:Archived
4634:Archived
4573:cite web
4538:Archived
4471:, 2006).
4443:Archived
4431:20070166
4384:Archived
4311:Archived
4236:30 March
4201:Archived
4181:SMN News
4151:Vordev.
4127:Archived
4117:. 2021.
4086:Archived
4060:Archived
4034:Archived
3995:Archived
3971:Archived
3946:Archived
3880:Archived
3584:See also
3354:Suriname
3306:Changes
3256:volcanic
2954:Suriname
2942:Suriname
2913:and its
2752:, and a
2750:federacy
2678:treaties
2446:Rijkswet
2211:Governor
2152:Governor
1976:Curaçao
1920:Bonaire
1543:Country
1427:Bernhard
1364:Suriname
1354:and the
1352:Suriname
1232:and the
725:Currency
616:declared
535:declared
406:Devolved
5991:gained
5983:Became
5954:Surinam
5885:Suratte
5880:Malacca
5713:Surinam
5678:Cayenne
5668:Berbice
5590:Myanmar
5546:Batavia
5513:Malabar
5492:Suratte
5456:Malacca
5451:Formosa
5436:Celebes
5405:Batavia
5081:Anxious
4699:4 April
4614:27 June
4584:value (
4162:23 July
3952:30 July
3918:), etc.
3745:Yiddish
3721:Bonaire
3717:Curaçao
3697:Curaçao
3671:Curaçao
3522:Bonaire
3496:Curaçao
3364:signed
3279:climate
3229:Limburg
3210:Belgium
3186:Curaçao
3010:Bonaire
3008:(i.e.,
2991:Curaçao
2900:Tokelau
2876:Denmark
2832:removed
2817:sources
2658:Curaçao
2532:is the
2475:Defense
2348:Curaçao
2203:Curaçao
2198:in 1997
2182:Curaçao
2092:Zeeland
2088:Utrecht
2068:Limburg
2048:Drenthe
1853:100.00%
1843:100.00%
1775:158,665
1771:Curaçao
1745:112,309
1651:Bonaire
1571:
1435:Curaçao
1423:Juliana
1301:Limburg
1182:History
1168:Bonaire
1153:defence
1121:Curaçao
1080:, is a
996:(Aruba)
912:(Aruba)
889:4 codes
787:Curaçao
634:•
607:Belgium
592:•
566:•
553:•
524:•
486:•
471:•
456:•
441:•
428:Monarch
426:•
409:unitary
386:Curaçao
345:Yiddish
297:English
242:52°22′N
226:Capital
169:(Dutch)
151:Anthem:
5901:Dejima
5870:Bengal
5739:Arguin
5718:Tobago
5673:Brazil
5620:Tonkin
5600:Dejima
5595:Canton
5556:Malang
5536:Bantam
5508:Bantam
5487:Persia
5482:Bengal
5441:Ceylon
5097:(1957)
4580:Check
4484:, II,
4437:
4429:
4359:4 June
4136:1 July
4121:
4026:
3673:; and
3560:
3545:
3532:
3519:
3506:
3493:
3480:
3455:
3442:
3429:
3409:
3393:
3380:
3351:
3336:
3322:
3246:. The
3166:, and
3058:Senate
3016:, and
2890:, the
2882:; the
2562:notary
2418:. The
2410:, one
2390:(2013)
2350:, and
2196:UNESCO
2118:, and
2044:Senate
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