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self-contained industrial town of 50,000 within 15 years, and weld this on to the existing scattered haphazard development" around Ifield, Crawley and Three
Bridges. It was permitted to compulsorily purchase any land or property within the 5,920-acre (2,400 ha) "designated area", employ any staff it needed to carry out professional, administrative and clerical duties, and subcontract building and other manual work if it preferred not to employ such workers directly. The national government would finance it as required through 60-year loans. In return, the Corporation would have to build residential, industrial, commercial, civic and service buildings and all the infrastructure needed for the new town: electricity (including street lighting), gas, water, drainage and sewerage, and new road connections. It would be responsible for all the houses it built, in terms of both maintenance and finance: it could provide subsidies and charge rents as it saw fit. Governance was outside the Corporation's remit: Crawley Urban District Council, created in 1956 to cover the whole of the designated area, was responsible for matters of local governance. Before the creation of this single
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residents: the government wanted people to live and work in
Crawley rather than commuting out to London or elsewhere. Companies were encouraged, not forced, to relocate: the Corporation attempted to provide excellent conditions for industry to thrive, such as a well laid out (and in its own words "unusually attractive") industrial estate, good transport links and a range of factory sizes. About two years (1947–49) were spent on designing the Manor Royal estate. The policy succeeded: hundreds of London-based companies asked to move, and the Corporation was able to select the most suitable to ensure a range of industries and company sizes. It tried to prevent any single trade becoming dominant, and was partly successful; but Crawley did develop into a centre for the electronics and engineering industries, and by the late 1950s one in ten of the town's workers were employed by the A.P.V. Company (previously based in
487:, which stood next to the industrial estate and which offered high wages for semi-skilled and unskilled jobs—a threat anticipated by Thomas Bennett in the 1950s. In the 1940s and early 1950s, the Corporation expected no development to take place at the modest aerodrome, and even stated in September 1949 that it expected it to be decommissioned as an airport. In 1950, though, the government announced that it would be redeveloped as London's second airport; the Corporation retreated on its initial opposition—based principally on the effect the airport would have on local industry—and the scheme was agreed in 1954. The aerodrome closed between 1956 and 1958, and was extended and rebuilt as an international airport. One of the Corporation's last acts was to build hundreds of cheap houses for airport workers.
374:, and over the next year work began on houses from all three categories. Variation in design and style was encouraged by the Corporation, but it had the power to vet and approve all designs and could also allow outside architects to provide them. Overall, this central approval process brought about homogenisation: "most of the houses in the town are characteristic of public housing of the 1950s", featuring red-brick walls, exterior cladding, tiled roofs of varying steepness, and occasional use of concrete. The Corporation planned to build more low-rise flats than were eventually provided: there was intended to be an 85%–15% split between houses and flats, but this was revised downwards because most incoming Londoners asked for houses. The two earliest neighbourhoods, West Green and
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their waiting lists. The main qualification for a
Crawley Development Corporation house was proof of employment in Crawley, so the Corporation's provision of housing was closely linked with its early and rapid development of the Manor Royal industrial estate. Local people who had longstanding links with the Crawley area were disappointed with the Corporation's inability to build houses for them, and this continued to be a problem throughout the Corporation's existence. The county councils and rural district councils (and later, the Urban District Council) provided some new houses when they could, as they had before the New Town existed.
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successful", his influence ensured that the 15-year growth and other targets set in 1947 were met or exceeded. Few major projects remained, and the local council was able to take responsibility for the remaining needs of the developed community, which by the early 1960s had grown to 59,000 people. The New Towns Act 1959 created a national
Commission for New Towns, whose responsibilities were similar to those of the original Development Corporations; accordingly in 1962, Crawley Development Corporation was wound up and the Commission acquired its assets. It was also granted some of the Corporation's former powers.
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publicised at the time. Meanwhile, the compensation policy for farmland bought by the
Corporation and reclassified as building land was causing frustration among landowners. The government-sanctioned policy allowed the Corporation to profit from its acquisitions. When land was bought east of the High Street in preparation for the new town centre, farmer James Lee took direct action: he built his activist profile by occupying and being evicted from several farms in quick succession, then he became nationally famous for driving his tractor from Crawley to
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semi-detached houses; designs with between one and five bedrooms were produced; and they would all be for rent only. Group II ("Intermediate
Standard") houses would make up 15% of the New Town's accommodation. Mostly semi-detached, they would be for rent or for sale at ÂŁ2,000 to ÂŁ2,500. Group III houses would be larger detached properties for managers and executives. Most would be sold at between ÂŁ3,000 and ÂŁ5,000, but again some could be rented. From mid-1949, 105 Group I houses were put up in the first New Town neighbourhood,
84:, a 19th-century villa in the south of the town. Professionals and specialists from many fields were employed: architects, engineers, designers, legal and financial experts were all involved during its 15-year existence. A committee headed by Bennett took overall charge. Wide-ranging powers were granted—from physically preparing the land to examining financial contracts—and in return the Corporation was expected to transform the 5,920-acre (2,400 ha) "designated area" into a viable regional centre and community.
19:
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would be "small socially mixed residential areas, each with own individuality and own centre, in order to promote neighbourliness and the social development of the town". As far as possible, the new housing was to be fitted round the existing development in Three
Bridges, Crawley and Ifield, which by the time of Minoprio's report consisted of about 2,600 houses. The Corporation carried out a survey of the local housing stock in 1947.
280:'s first female member. The technicians, surveyors, architects and other professionals employed by the Corporation were organised by Colonel C.A.C. Turner, its chief executive until 1959. Delays caused by materials shortages in the straitened postwar economy meant that the first two years of its existence were given over to planning, but work began in earnest in 1949. Minoprio updated his draft plan, and the Corporation signed off
565:(whose extent was marked on the master plan). Since 1962, the original nine residential neighbourhoods have become 13 with the addition of Furnace Green, Broadfield, Bewbush and Maidenbower, and the rapid growth of Gatwick Airport from the late 1950s meant that more land was needed for its dependent industries. The airport, previously in Surrey, was brought within Crawley's boundary in 1974, extending the urban area northwards.
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the building was used as a country club until its closure in that year. The
Corporation had already decided to operate temporarily from London while searching for suitable premises in Crawley, rather than building new offices. When the building came on the market in late 1947, the Corporation bought it, refitted it and on 23 August 1948 opened it as its headquarters. Ancillary buildings were put up in the grounds in mid-1949.
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position of the designated area across the boundaries of several local authorities, making negotiations more complex. Nevertheless, the
Corporation was able to drive the New Town's rapid postwar growth and transformation; population targets were regularly revised upwards because of Crawley's success in attracting people and jobs, and the town now houses 100,000 people.
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in their new houses. Houses and roads were sympathetic to the topography of the area where possible: old trees were kept, streets followed the lie of the land and houses were set back behind grassed areas or placed at an angle. People moving from London often wanted to move several generations of their family to
Crawley; so
308:. Early problems included design mistakes in some of the houses, lack of accommodation for builders and inadequate supplies of materials (rationing was still in place, and New Towns received no preferential treatment), but the 34 houses, built by the Hoad and Taylor company for ÂŁ45,220, were ready by the end of the year.
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or". The crows relate to the etymology of Crawley's name: by the 5th century, the area was known as Crow's Leah—a crow-infested clearing. The martlet, a mythical swallow-like bird with no feet, has been an emblem of Sussex since the 17th century or earlier. Elements from the coat of arms were used in
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and (from the 1960s) old people's homes were provided. The Corporation succeeded in its aim of moving people out of London: by 1966, when the population was about 60,000, 73% of residents had moved from the city in the last 20 years. Only 11% were long-term Crawley residents who already lived in the
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Houses were built as part of carefully planned self-contained neighbourhoods. The master plan included nine: four adjacent to the town centre and inside an inner ring road and five beyond this. The Corporation completed the construction of all nine (although the ninth, Gossops Green, was unfinished
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Throughout 1948, planning took place for the industrial estate, the town centre and the first residential neighbourhood, West Green. Minoprio took charge of the detailed planning of the new town centre, to be based on the existing High Street, while responsibility for the other areas was devolved to
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was appointed as consultant planner instead; by June 1947 he had prepared a new draft plan (approved and published in December 1947) and Silkin had taken on a new chairman, Thomas Bennett. Also in 1947, the Corporation acquired Broadfield House. Originally a 19th-century villa in extensive grounds,
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In October 1946, Lewis Silkin set up an informal committee to run the affairs of the proposed Crawley New Town. In February 1947, shortly after the official designation of New Town status, the group was formalised and renamed Crawley Development Corporation. It had to "design, build and administer a
146:. The Barlow Commission (1940) argued for the mass movement of people and jobs from cities to new satellite towns; the Scott Committee (1941) specified more details about how such towns should develop; and the Uthwatt Committee (1942) discussed how land and buildings could be compulsorily purchased.
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Commercial development was slow during the Development Corporation era. There was only 55,000 square feet (5,100 m) of office space by 1962, when the Commission for New Towns took over responsibility; in the next three years, office accommodation increased sixfold. Early corporate headquarters
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town in 1947. Its intention of ensuring a balanced social mix in each neighbourhood, by building houses of various grades and statuses in close proximity, was less successful: some neighbourhoods have developed distinct characters, such as middle-class (Pound Hill) and working-class (Langley Green).
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The Corporation aimed to act responsibly in its provision of housing. It tried to ensure that two neighbourhoods were under construction at all times so that new residents did not all have to life in the same part of town. Corporation staff visited new residents to ensure they were adapting to live
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As early as 1946, the government was insistent that Crawley New Town should be predominantly for people moving out of substandard housing in London. In a report that year, Lewis Silkin stated that East and West Sussex County Councils would have to make their own provision for housing for tenants on
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Problems faced by the Development Corporation included labour and materials shortages, a lengthy legal battle against the designation order, the resignation of the original master plan designer, complaints from residents about its far-reaching powers (including some high-profile challenges), and the
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and goods facilities; major roads were nearby; and the prevailing southwesterly winds would keep pollution away from residential areas. The Corporation built small factories to a standard design from 1950, and also offered custom-designed larger units for major companies. Land was also offered on a
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On 10 July 1946, Silkin met officers from the various local authorities that governed the Crawley area. He explained his choice of Crawley as a New Town; no objections were raised in the meeting, but the mood from some groups and members of the public was less enthusiastic and a public inquiry had
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In 1959, the Corporation's chief executive Colonel Turner left. A year later, Thomas Bennett—who with his "enthusiasm and energy ... left his stamp on the town"—resigned. Within 13 years, he had carried out his aim of turning Minoprio's master plan into reality. "Inflexible, dogmatic and highly
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extended the scope of urban planning in the United Kingdom, a group of people representing various local and wider interests began to meet regularly in Crawley with the aim of improving the area's future development. As their influence grew, they successfully argued for Crawley to be governed by a
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From the time it was established, one of Crawley Development Corporation's main aims was to house former Londoners who were moving to work in the New Town. The master plan aimed to build nine self-contained residential neighbourhoods (later increased to ten, and with three more added since) which
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attributable to the work done by the Corporation in attracting outside firms and providing suitable sites for them. Other aims have not been met so successfully. The Corporation originally aimed to define a firm boundary for the urban area, preventing additional development and preserving the
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Jobs as well as people were to be moved out of London to the New Towns, and another of Crawley Development Corporation's main tasks was to select firms that were suitable to be moved to the town. This needed to be done quickly to ensure varied employment was available for the thousands of new
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in West Green. Despite support from the Corporation and Crawley Urban District Council, the regional health authority decided that the existing hospital should be extended and modernised instead. The Corporation had no responsibility for health clinics: these were built by West Sussex County
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them back to their previous owners for 21 years. This bred insecurity, as business owners could be forced to leave at short notice; some compulsorily purchased shops were, however, never demolished. An impassioned statement to the Corporation by Daisy Warren, a hardware shop owner, was widely
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The Corporation "intended to preserve the character of the High Street as far as possible" when building the new town centre. A 100-acre (40 ha) site was designated, consisting of open fields off the Three Bridges Road and the ancient High Street at the west end. Nevertheless, it caused
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to prepare a draft master plan, which he delivered on 1 March 1947. Within months, both men had left the Corporation: Lindsell was considered "not dynamic enough" by Lewis Silkin, and Sharp resigned shortly after submitting his plan and some additional research. Local historian Peter Gwynne
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The form and function of modern Crawley are closely linked with the Development Corporation's actions during its 15-year existence. The layout of the urban area conforms closely to the master plan, and Crawley's continuing status as an important regional commercial and industrial centre is
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Crawley Development Corporation assumed responsibility for several public services in the town, and made an extensive study of its requirements in 1947–48. One of its conclusions was that every service would need to be provided at town, not neighbourhood, level. On 20 November 1948, the
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To meet Minoprio's plans for a balanced community, several types of housing were designed by the Development Corporation's architects between 1947 and 1949. Group I ("Housing Manual Standard") houses were to form 80% of the town's housing stock. They would mostly be terraced, with some
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By 1964, soon after the Corporation's dissolution, the industrial estate about supported about 16,000 jobs: the master plan had anticipated half that number. Labour shortages were frequent. From the 1960s, these were exacerbated by competition from the reopened and greatly enlarged
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About 267 acres (108 ha) of land in the north of the designated area was devoted to industry in the masterplan, and more land was held in reserve east of the London–Brighton railway line. The site was close to the stations at Gatwick and Three Bridges; there was space for
1748:(1949). New Towns Act 1946: Reports of the Aycliffe, Crawley, Harlow, Hatfield, Hemel Hempstead, Peterlee, Stevenage and Welwyn Garden City Development Corporations for period ending 31 March 1949. Crawley Development Corporation: Second Annual Report (Report). London:
536:, but the Development Corporation set up a committee to bring them all together and ensure the town's needs were met efficiently. It also provided all street lighting in the town, and undertook a study into a concept called "whole-town heating" which had been tried in
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designated the Corporation as a local water authority, and its chief engineer was put in charge of drainage provision. Working with other local water authorities, it established the Weir Wood Joint Water Board with the aim of building a large reservoir near
268:, Lawrence Neal, E.W. Passold, D. Bolton, Mr Lewis and Alderman James Marshall. Each had a specialism: Bennett was an architect, Gillett a surveyor, and Lewis (a former Barclays Bank chairman) looked after the financial side; Marshall had been Mayor of
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leasehold basis to firms if they wanted to build their own premises. Factories of different sizes were planned to be distributed throughout the Manor Royal estate, although in reality larger factories tended to cluster near the main roads.
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market town of Crawley from a population of 9,000 to 40,000 by the early 1960s, expanding its commercial and industrial base and developing a balanced, socially cohesive community. A master plan supplied by planning consultant
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dates from 1956 to 1961. Land east of Tilgate that was designated in the master plan as "reserve residential" was laid out with utilities from 1960; the Corporation had erected about 500 houses in the neighbourhood, named
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The public inquiry into Crawley's New Town designation took place at the Montefiore Institute in November 1946; meanwhile, the committee which became the Development Corporation had already been formed.
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opened in 1954 and continues to supply Crawley's water needs. The Corporation also became a designated sewage authority on 2 April 1948, and used land it bought at Roll's Farm near
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and his committee described how these towns would be developed: they were intended to be "self-contained and balanced communities for work and living". Following the passing of the
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controversy and faced challenges to its plans. It used its compulsory purchase powers to buy 76 shops and other buildings on and near the High Street in 1950 and immediately
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Under Bennett's chairmanship, the Development Corporation consisted of about 90 employees led by a committee of unelected members: Bennett himself, Sir Edward Gillett,
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We had our dreams for the future and you smashed those dreams. You offer us a sum of money. Dreams are not bought with money, nor is their loss compensated by it.
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300:), and the first residential street was built. The Corporation looked at bids from 11 companies for the contract to lay out and build Smalls Mead, a street of
1239:"A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 6 Part 3 – Bramber Rape (North-Eastern Part) including Crawley New Town. Crawley New Town: Growth of the New Town"
474:'s administration centre in Station Way (1963). All office space completed by the Corporation passed to the control of the Commission for New Towns in 1962.
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1136:"A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 6 Part 3 – Bramber Rape (North-Eastern Part) including Crawley New Town. Crawley New Town: Economic History"
202:, held up the official New Town designation until 9 January 1947, and two further legal challenges meant no work could take place until December 1947.
1577:"A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 6 Part 3 – Bramber Rape (North-Eastern Part) including Crawley New Town. Crawley New Town: Public Services"
276:, and Stanford chaired Crawley Parish Council. Dame Caroline Haslett, educated locally, was a pioneering electrical engineer and writer, and was the
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million residents out of London. One third were to be rehoused in ten new towns in a ring about 25 miles (40 km) from the city. In 1945,
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By the early 1930s, the market town of Crawley and the adjacent villages of Ifield and Three Bridges were beginning to merge, and low-quality
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Most of the Corporation's housing stock consisted of "Group I" houses. Many were terraced or semi-detached, as here at Paddockhurst Road in
1795:
Elkins, T.H. (May 1986). Hollingdale, Eileen (ed.). "Crawley and Gatwick: Public Consultation on Major Planning Projects at Mid-Century".
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878:"A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 6 Part 3 – Bramber Rape (North-Eastern Part) including Crawley New Town. Crawley New Town"
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Development Corporation staff. In the same year, work started on the sewerage system and New Town's industrial estate (later named
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700:"A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 6 Part 3 – Bramber Rape (North-Eastern Part) including Crawley New Town. Ifield"
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which became operational in 1952. Crawley Urban District Council took over the Corporation's responsibilities in 1961.
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When the Corporation was created in February 1947, its chairman was Sir Wilfred Lindsell. He asked town planner
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Few flats were built by the Development Corporation; the Sunnymead flats in West Green were among the first.
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helped it meet many of its targets early, and it was formally dissolved in 1962. Its assets passed to the
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Minoprio, Anthony (June 1949). A Master Plan for Crawley New Town (Report). London: New Towns Committee.
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Electricity provision was the responsibility of parish councils and local electricity providers such as
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394:(eastern part 1955–57; the western section was delayed until after the Development Corporation era).
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selected Crawley as the site for a "twin-centred town an eventual population of 30,000 to 40,000".
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in that year; they are now owned privately or by the local authority, Crawley Borough Council.
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and the new Gatwick Aerodrome, northwards along the London Road and west of Ifield towards
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178:. c. 68) in April of that year, sites had to be found: two locations south of London (
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county councils, and the national government was also aware of the problem. After the
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in early 1949. The new town's chief architect until May 1952, when he left to become
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described this as "an extraordinary decision which was never properly explained".
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would guide the Corporation's work. The "energy and enthusiasm" of its chairman
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The Practice of Modernism: Modern Architects and Urban Transformation, 1954–1972
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single local authority: until that time, 1945, the area was controlled by three
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The Corporation built many factories to a standard design in the 1950s on the
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as at 1962), and started work on a tenth. The inner neighbourhoods were
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to be held. The proceedings, on 4–6 November 1946 at Montefiore Hall in
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was the first residential street built by the Development Corporation.
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525:(one of its first actions after its creation in 1947) to build a
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1681:. OPSI (Office of Public Sector Information). 8 February 1974.
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190:) were rejected, and the Minister of Town and Country Planning
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60:. c. 68). The Corporation had the task of growing the ancient
1803:. Lewes: Federation of Sussex Local History Societies: 13–19.
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The master plan made provision for a new hospital to replace
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The Development Corporation led the way in establishing the
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to establish, administer and control the development of the
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457:, and specialising in large machinery and metalworking).
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Provision of industry and employment by the Corporation
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Provision of utilities and services by the Corporation
975:"Oxford DNB article: Haslett, Dame Caroline Harriet"
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as a protest at being "cheated" by the Corporation.
113:stretched into the surrounding countryside towards
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223:) and Dorking and Horley Rural District Council (
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1821:(2nd ed.). Crawley: Crawley Museum Society.
577:in 1951. Its official heraldic description is "
548:Council, as were the police and fire stations.
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619:neighbourhood when it was built in the 1970s.
573:Crawley Development Corporation was granted a
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1910:Crawley Housing Survey: A Study of a New Town
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1893:. Chichester: Phillimore & Company.
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932:
917:
905:
721:
691:
337:Provision of housing by the Corporation
2511:
1916:Centre for Urban and Regional Studies.
1888:
1816:
1807:
1794:
1727:
1675:"Charlwood and Horley Act 1974 (c.11)"
1661:
1631:
1619:
1613:
1574:
1529:
1517:
1505:
1436:
1424:
1278:
1257:
1236:
1197:
1179:
1133:
1080:
1068:
1026:
959:
875:
843:
837:
797:
791:
776:
759:
742:
697:
503:, which serves the town's water needs.
386:(built 1949–54), Northgate (1951–55),
1930:
1870:Green, Jeffrey; Allen, Peter (1993).
634:
219:), Cuckfield Rural District Council (
29:Crawley Development Corporation used
2461:Crawley and District Football League
1907:
1846:
1825:
1759:Crawley: A History & Celebration
1756:
1703:
1685:from the original on 23 October 2012
1649:
1637:
1625:
1430:
1203:
1032:
965:
806:
540:, Britain's first postwar New Town.
1872:Crawley New Town in Old photographs
1812:. Crawley: Crawley Borough Council.
1667:
40:was set up in February 1947 by the
13:
2539:Organisations based in West Sussex
1874:. Stroud: Alan Sutton Publishing.
477:
419:, by the time of its dissolution.
282:A Master Plan for Crawley New Town
131:Town and Country Planning Act 1932
17:
14:
2565:
2529:1962 disestablishments in England
2456:Celtic and Irish Cultural Society
1761:. Salisbury: Frith Book Company.
1581:Victoria County History of Sussex
1243:Victoria County History of Sussex
1140:Victoria County History of Sussex
882:Victoria County History of Sussex
2323:St Michael and All Angels Church
2280:Thomas Bennett Community College
1819:How I Chose Crawley Street Names
1780:. Alfriston: Snake River Press.
615:some of the street names of the
402:was partly built up in 1953–56;
42:Government of the United Kingdom
2285:Schools in Crawley, West Sussex
2009:Crawley Development Corporation
1750:Her Majesty's Stationery Office
1737:
568:
121:. This was of great concern to
38:Crawley Development Corporation
2554:1947 establishments in England
1:
622:
278:British Electricity Authority
96:
80:The Corporation was based at
2313:St John the Baptist's Church
2308:Ifield Friends Meeting House
1005:UK public library membership
286:City Architect of Birmingham
254:the West Green neighbourhood
7:
1849:Crawley: Old Town, New Town
1575:Hudson, T. P., ed. (1987).
1237:Hudson, T. P., ed. (1987).
1134:Hudson, T. P., ed. (1987).
876:Hudson, T. P., ed. (1987).
698:Hudson, T. P., ed. (1987).
552:Later years and dissolution
206:Creation of the Corporation
10:
2570:
91:
2443:
2417:
2336:
2293:
2237:
2169:
2148:
2027:
1999:
1968:
1908:Karn, Valerie A. (1970).
406:dates from 1954 to 1957;
244:Crawley New Town develops
156:of 1944 proposed taking 1
2435:Locally listed buildings
2250:Ifield Community College
1914:University of Birmingham
1847:Gray, Fred, ed. (1983).
1776:Collins, Sophie (2007).
627:
75:Commission for New Towns
2182:Gatwick Airport Station
1832:. Abingdon: Routledge.
705:Victoria County History
378:, have the most flats.
52:in accordance with the
2245:Central Sussex College
2095:Manor Royal Industrial
1889:Gwynne, Peter (1990).
1826:Gold, John R. (2007).
1810:Development of Crawley
1757:Cole, Belinda (2004).
1491:Green & Allen 1993
1479:Green & Allen 1993
1467:Green & Allen 1993
1455:Green & Allen 1993
1419:Green & Allen 1993
1407:Green & Allen 1993
1395:Green & Allen 1993
1354:Green & Allen 1993
1303:Green & Allen 1993
1291:Green & Allen 1993
1192:Green & Allen 1993
1161:Green & Allen 1993
1093:Green & Allen 1993
990:10.1093/ref:odnb/33751
945:Green & Allen 1993
731:Green & Allen 1993
686:Green & Allen 1993
661:Green & Allen 1993
504:
445:
358:
350:
315:
257:
106:
34:
22:
2481:Tilgate Nature Centre
2192:Three Bridges Station
1817:Goepel, John (1993).
498:
439:
356:
344:
311:
290:Alwyn Sheppard Fidler
274:London County Council
251:
104:
28:
21:
2318:St Margaret's Church
1891:A History of Crawley
1853:University of Sussex
588:between three crows
232:Thomas Wilfred Sharp
2328:St Nicholas' Church
2275:St Wilfrid's School
2265:Holy Trinity School
1808:Goepel, J. (1980).
1778:A Sussex Miscellany
1520:, pp. 155–157.
519:Weir Wood Reservoir
501:Weir Wood Reservoir
154:Greater London Plan
150:Patrick Abercrombie
2491:Worth Park Gardens
2466:Crawley Rugby Club
2451:Broadfield Stadium
2425:Conservation areas
2364:City Place Gatwick
2255:The Gatwick School
2227:Proposed expansion
1746:Bennett, Thomas P.
1469:, pp. 25, 53.
510:Ministry of Health
505:
446:
444:industrial estate.
359:
351:
272:, Bolton once led
258:
172:New Towns Act 1946
111:ribbon development
107:
54:New Towns Act 1946
35:
23:
2504:
2503:
2471:Crawley Town F.C.
2384:Ifield Water Mill
2295:Places of worship
2270:Oriel High School
1839:978-0-415-25842-5
1787:978-1-906022-08-2
1652:, pp. 35–37.
1481:, pp. 47–48.
1457:, pp. 11–13.
1332:, pp. 38–39.
1003:(Subscription or
331:Buckingham Palace
176:9 & 10 Geo. 6
58:9 & 10 Geo. 6
2561:
2430:Listed buildings
2374:Dyers Almshouses
2369:Crawley Hospital
2354:Broadfield House
2260:Hazelwick School
2019:Anthony Minoprio
1951:
1944:
1937:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1904:
1885:
1866:
1843:
1822:
1813:
1804:
1791:
1772:
1753:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1572:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1234:
1207:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1164:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1131:
1108:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1055:
1049:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1018:
1009:
1008:
1000:
998:
996:
977:
969:
963:
957:
948:
942:
936:
930:
921:
915:
909:
903:
894:
893:
891:
889:
873:
856:
850:
841:
835:
810:
804:
795:
789:
780:
774:
763:
757:
746:
740:
734:
728:
719:
718:
716:
714:
695:
689:
683:
664:
658:
647:
641:
545:Crawley Hospital
472:Westminster Bank
319:
306:Crawley Hospital
262:Caroline Haslett
237:Anthony Minoprio
165:
164:
160:
82:Broadfield House
67:Anthony Minoprio
31:Broadfield House
2569:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2500:
2439:
2413:
2359:Charlwood House
2332:
2289:
2233:
2217:Gatwick Airport
2177:Crawley Station
2165:
2144:
2029:
2023:
1995:
1991:Public services
1986:MP: Henry Smith
1981:Local Elections
1964:
1955:
1925:
1901:
1882:
1863:
1840:
1788:
1769:
1740:
1735:
1734:
1726:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1702:
1698:
1688:
1686:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1660:
1656:
1648:
1644:
1636:
1632:
1624:
1620:
1612:
1608:
1600:
1596:
1586:
1584:
1573:
1560:
1552:
1548:
1540:
1536:
1528:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1497:
1489:
1485:
1477:
1473:
1465:
1461:
1453:
1449:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1393:
1389:
1381:
1372:
1364:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1340:
1336:
1328:
1324:
1316:
1309:
1301:
1297:
1289:
1285:
1277:
1273:
1265:
1258:
1248:
1246:
1235:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1178:
1167:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1143:
1132:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1091:
1087:
1079:
1075:
1067:
1058:
1050:
1039:
1031:
1027:
1019:
1012:
1002:
994:
992:
970:
966:
958:
951:
943:
939:
931:
924:
916:
912:
904:
897:
887:
885:
874:
859:
851:
844:
836:
813:
805:
798:
790:
783:
775:
766:
758:
749:
741:
737:
729:
722:
712:
710:
696:
692:
684:
667:
659:
650:
642:
635:
630:
625:
600:, all within a
571:
554:
493:
485:Gatwick Airport
480:
478:Gatwick Airport
434:
339:
321:
317:
302:terraced houses
266:Ernest Stanford
252:Smalls Mead in
246:
213:local authority
208:
162:
158:
157:
140:parish councils
136:county councils
99:
94:
12:
11:
5:
2567:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2409:White Hart Inn
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2389:Old Punch Bowl
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2349:Brewery Shades
2346:
2344:Ancient Priors
2340:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2299:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2187:Ifield Station
2184:
2179:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2158:
2156:Gatwick Stream
2152:
2150:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2130:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2091:
2086:
2083:Lowfield Heath
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2047:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2028:Neighbourhoods
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2014:Thomas Bennett
2011:
2005:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1970:
1969:Administration
1966:
1965:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1905:
1899:
1886:
1880:
1867:
1861:
1844:
1838:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1797:Sussex History
1792:
1786:
1773:
1767:
1754:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1720:
1708:
1696:
1666:
1664:, p. 169.
1654:
1642:
1630:
1618:
1616:, p. 167.
1606:
1594:
1558:
1546:
1534:
1532:, p. 165.
1522:
1510:
1508:, p. 168.
1495:
1483:
1471:
1459:
1447:
1435:
1423:
1411:
1399:
1387:
1370:
1358:
1346:
1334:
1322:
1307:
1295:
1283:
1281:, p. 136.
1271:
1256:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1182:, p. 164.
1165:
1153:
1109:
1097:
1085:
1083:, p. 159.
1073:
1071:, p. 160.
1056:
1037:
1025:
1010:
964:
949:
937:
922:
910:
895:
857:
842:
840:, p. 157.
811:
796:
794:, p. 156.
781:
779:, p. 155.
764:
762:, p. 153.
747:
745:, p. 152.
735:
720:
690:
665:
648:
632:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
570:
567:
553:
550:
492:
489:
479:
476:
433:
430:
390:(1952–55) and
338:
335:
310:
245:
242:
207:
204:
98:
95:
93:
90:
71:Thomas Bennett
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2566:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2507:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2476:Hawth Theatre
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2127:Tinsley Green
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2116:Three Bridges
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2078:
2077:Langley Green
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2067:Gossops Green
2065:
2063:
2062:Furnace Green
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1900:0-85033-718-6
1896:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1881:0-7509-0472-0
1877:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1862:0-904242-21-8
1858:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1768:1-904938-19-1
1764:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1730:, p. 13.
1729:
1724:
1718:, p. 10.
1717:
1712:
1706:, p. 14.
1705:
1700:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1670:
1663:
1658:
1651:
1646:
1640:, p. 22.
1639:
1634:
1628:, p. 24.
1627:
1622:
1615:
1610:
1604:, p. 37.
1603:
1598:
1582:
1578:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1556:, p. 36.
1555:
1550:
1544:, p. 35.
1543:
1538:
1531:
1526:
1519:
1514:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1493:, p. 33.
1492:
1487:
1480:
1475:
1468:
1463:
1456:
1451:
1444:
1443:Minoprio 1949
1439:
1433:, p. 11.
1432:
1427:
1421:, p. 40.
1420:
1415:
1409:, p. 35.
1408:
1403:
1397:, p. 25.
1396:
1391:
1385:, p. 34.
1384:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1368:, p. 54.
1367:
1362:
1356:, p. 21.
1355:
1350:
1344:, p. 39.
1343:
1338:
1331:
1326:
1320:, p. 38.
1319:
1314:
1312:
1304:
1299:
1292:
1287:
1280:
1275:
1268:
1267:Minoprio 1949
1263:
1261:
1244:
1240:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1206:, p. 38.
1205:
1200:
1194:, p. 15.
1193:
1188:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1163:, p. 14.
1162:
1157:
1141:
1137:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1107:, p. 33.
1106:
1101:
1095:, p. 22.
1094:
1089:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1054:, p. 31.
1053:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1035:, p. 75.
1034:
1029:
1023:, p. 30.
1022:
1017:
1015:
1006:
991:
987:
983:
982:
976:
968:
961:
956:
954:
946:
941:
935:, p. 41.
934:
929:
927:
920:, p. 43.
919:
914:
908:, p. 45.
907:
902:
900:
883:
879:
872:
870:
868:
866:
864:
862:
854:
853:Minoprio 1949
849:
847:
839:
834:
832:
830:
828:
826:
824:
822:
820:
818:
816:
809:, p. 17.
808:
803:
801:
793:
788:
786:
778:
773:
771:
769:
761:
756:
754:
752:
744:
739:
732:
727:
725:
708:
706:
701:
694:
688:, p. 11.
687:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
663:, p. 17.
662:
657:
655:
653:
645:
644:Minoprio 1949
640:
638:
633:
620:
618:
613:
610:with sixteen
609:
606:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
584:
580:
576:
566:
564:
558:
549:
546:
541:
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
523:Tinsley Green
520:
516:
511:
502:
497:
488:
486:
475:
473:
470:included the
467:
464:
458:
456:
452:
443:
438:
429:
426:
420:
418:
417:Furnace Green
413:
412:Gossops Green
409:
405:
401:
397:
396:Langley Green
393:
389:
388:Three Bridges
385:
379:
377:
373:
367:
363:
355:
348:
347:Gossops Green
343:
334:
332:
327:
320:
314:
309:
307:
303:
299:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
255:
250:
241:
238:
233:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
203:
201:
200:Three Bridges
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
155:
151:
147:
145:
141:
137:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
115:Tinsley Green
112:
103:
89:
85:
83:
78:
76:
72:
68:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
16:
2544:Urban design
2506:
2486:Tilgate Park
2379:George Hotel
2197:M23 motorway
2138:
2126:
2094:
2081:
2049:
2031:
2008:
2001:The New Town
1976:Constituency
1909:
1890:
1871:
1848:
1828:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1796:
1777:
1758:
1738:Bibliography
1723:
1716:Collins 2007
1711:
1699:
1687:. Retrieved
1678:
1669:
1657:
1645:
1633:
1621:
1609:
1602:Bennett 1949
1597:
1585:. Retrieved
1580:
1554:Bennett 1949
1549:
1542:Bennett 1949
1537:
1525:
1513:
1486:
1474:
1462:
1450:
1445:, p. 6.
1438:
1426:
1414:
1402:
1390:
1383:Bennett 1949
1366:Bennett 1949
1361:
1349:
1342:Bennett 1949
1337:
1330:Bennett 1949
1325:
1318:Bennett 1949
1305:, p. 9.
1298:
1293:, p. 4.
1286:
1274:
1269:, p. 1.
1247:. Retrieved
1242:
1199:
1187:
1156:
1144:. Retrieved
1139:
1105:Bennett 1949
1100:
1088:
1076:
1052:Bennett 1949
1028:
1021:Bennett 1949
993:. Retrieved
979:
967:
962:, p. 7.
947:, p. 8.
940:
933:Bennett 1949
918:Bennett 1949
913:
906:Bennett 1949
886:. Retrieved
881:
855:, p. 5.
738:
733:, p. 7.
711:. Retrieved
703:
693:
646:, p. 7.
575:coat of arms
572:
569:Coat of arms
559:
555:
542:
531:
527:sewage works
506:
481:
468:
459:
447:
421:
380:
368:
364:
360:
322:
316:
312:
294:
281:
259:
229:
209:
196:
192:Lewis Silkin
148:
108:
86:
79:
37:
36:
15:
2394:The Beehive
2089:Maidenbower
2032:other areas
1962:West Sussex
1728:Goepel 1993
1662:Gwynne 1990
1614:Gwynne 1990
1530:Gwynne 1990
1518:Gwynne 1990
1506:Gwynne 1990
1279:Gwynne 1990
1180:Gwynne 1990
1081:Gwynne 1990
1069:Gwynne 1990
960:Goepel 1980
838:Gwynne 1990
792:Gwynne 1990
777:Gwynne 1990
760:Gwynne 1990
743:Gwynne 1990
596:interlaced
442:Manor Royal
298:Manor Royal
221:East Sussex
217:West Sussex
127:East Sussex
123:West Sussex
2513:Categories
2404:Tree House
2161:River Mole
2133:West Green
2106:Pound Hill
2057:Forge Wood
2045:Broadfield
1007:required.)
623:References
617:Broadfield
594:chevronels
563:green belt
515:Forest Row
455:Wandsworth
400:Pound Hill
384:West Green
372:West Green
186:, both in
168:Lord Reith
138:and three
97:Background
2496:Worth Way
2399:Town Hall
2337:Buildings
2238:Education
2170:Transport
2149:Geography
2111:Southgate
2101:Northgate
1704:Cole 2004
1650:Gray 1983
1638:Gray 1983
1626:Gray 1983
1431:Karn 1970
1204:Karn 1970
1033:Gold 2007
807:Gray 1983
707:of Sussex
538:Stevenage
425:bungalows
392:Southgate
376:Northgate
180:Crowhurst
144:New Towns
2418:Heritage
2222:Timeline
2207:Metrobus
2202:A23 road
2051:Fernhill
1683:Archived
592:, three
534:SEEBOARD
184:Holmwood
46:New Town
2549:Crawley
2444:Leisure
2212:Fastway
2121:Tilgate
2040:Bewbush
1958:Crawley
612:martles
608:charged
602:bordure
581:, on a
463:sidings
408:Tilgate
270:Croydon
161:⁄
119:Horsham
92:History
50:Crawley
2072:Ifield
1897:
1878:
1859:
1836:
1784:
1765:
1001:
598:argent
451:Slough
404:Ifield
326:leased
288:, was
225:Surrey
188:Surrey
62:Sussex
2139:Worth
1689:8 May
1587:7 May
1249:7 May
1146:7 May
995:9 May
888:7 May
713:4 May
628:Notes
605:azure
590:sable
586:gules
583:fesse
304:near
2030:and
1895:ISBN
1876:ISBN
1857:ISBN
1834:ISBN
1782:ISBN
1763:ISBN
1691:2012
1589:2012
1251:2012
1148:2012
997:2012
890:2012
715:2012
453:and
182:and
125:and
986:doi
517:.
227:).
152:'s
48:of
2515::
1960:,
1855:.
1801:21
1799:.
1677:.
1579:.
1561:^
1498:^
1373:^
1310:^
1259:^
1241:.
1211:^
1168:^
1138:.
1112:^
1059:^
1040:^
1013:^
978:.
952:^
925:^
898:^
880:.
860:^
845:^
814:^
799:^
784:^
767:^
750:^
723:^
702:.
668:^
651:^
636:^
579:Or
292:.
264:,
1950:e
1943:t
1936:v
1903:.
1884:.
1865:.
1842:.
1790:.
1771:.
1752:.
1693:.
1591:.
1253:.
1150:.
999:.
988::
892:.
717:.
349:.
174:(
163:2
159:1
56:(
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