Cremation - Knowledge

1809: 1777: 1189: 967:

coffin once it has arrived at the crematorium, and rules stipulate that it must be cremated within 72 hours of the funeral service. Therefore, in the United Kingdom, bodies are cremated in the same coffin that they are placed in at the undertaker's, although the regulations allow the use of an approved "cover" during the funeral service. It is recommended that jewellery be removed before the coffin is sealed, for this reason. When cremation is finished, the remains are passed through a magnetic field to remove any metal, which will be interred elsewhere in the crematorium grounds or, increasingly, recycled. The ashes are entered into a cremulator to further grind the remains down into a finer texture before being given to relatives or loved ones or scattered in the crematorium grounds where facilities exist.

791: 1106:—to process them into "ashes" or "cremated remains", although pulverisation may also be performed by hand. This leaves the bone with a fine sand like texture and color, able to be scattered without need for mixing with any foreign matter, though the size of the grain varies depending on the Cremulator used. The mean weight of an adult's remains is 2.4 kg (5.3 lb); the mean weight for adult males is about 1 kg (2.2 lb) higher than that for adult females. There are various types of Cremulators, including rotating devices, grinders, and older models using heavy metal balls. The grinding process typically takes about 20 seconds. 1707: 701:, two large ones, I and II, and two smaller ones, III and IV. Those of type I and II consist of 3 parts, i.e.,: (A) the furnace room; (B) the large halls; and (C) the gas chamber. A huge chimney rises from the furnace room around which are grouped nine furnaces, each having four openings. Each opening can take three normal corpses at once and after an hour and a half the bodies are completely burned. This corresponds to a daily capacity of about 2,000 bodies... Crematoria III and IV work on nearly the same principle, but their capacity is only half as large. Thus the total capacity of the four cremating and gassing plants at B 501:, had seen Gorini's cremator at the Vienna Exhibition and had returned home to become the first and chief promoter of cremation in England. His main reason for supporting cremation was that "it was becoming a necessary sanitary precaution against the propagation of disease among a population daily growing larger in relation to the area it occupied". In addition, he believed, cremation would prevent premature burial, reduce the expense of funerals, spare mourners the necessity of standing exposed to the weather during interment, and urns would be safe from vandalism. He joined with other proponents to form the 710: 1029: 1300: 230: 1789: 1515:, and even more so in the 18th century and later, non-Christian rationalists and classicists began to advocate cremation again as a statement denying the resurrection and/or the afterlife, although the pro-cremation movement often took care to address these concerns. Sentiment within the Catholic Church against cremation became hardened in the face of the association of cremation with "professed enemies of God." When Masonic groups advocated cremation as a means of rejecting Christian belief in the resurrection, the 1001: 1017: 1053: 1041: 547: 22: 1168:

removed before cremation to avoid the risk of explosion. Large items such as titanium hip replacements (which tarnish but do not melt) or casket hinges are usually removed before processing, as they may damage the processor. (If they are missed at first, they must ultimately be removed before processing is complete, as items such as titanium joint replacements are far too durable to be ground.) Implants may be returned to the family, but are more commonly sold as ferrous/non-ferrous

1065: 939: 1223:. In addition, there are several services in which the cremated remains will be scattered in a variety of ways and locations. Some examples are via a helium balloon, through fireworks, shot from shotgun shells, by boat or scattered from an aeroplane. One service sends a lipstick-tube sized sample of the cremated remains into low earth orbit, where they remain for years (but not permanently) before reentering the atmosphere. Some companies offer a service to turn part of the 453:. In regenerative preheating, the exhaust gases from the furnace are pumped into a chamber containing bricks, where heat is transferred from the gases to the bricks. The flow of the furnace is then reversed so that fuel and air pass through the chamber and are heated by the bricks. Through this method, an open-hearth furnace can reach temperatures high enough to melt steel, and this process made cremation an efficient and practical proposal. Charles's nephew, 7536: 7162: 114: 1208:, which is labeled with a printed paper label. The basic sealed plastic container bag may be contained within a further cardboard box or velvet sack, or they may be contained within an urn if the family had already purchased one. An official certificate of cremation prepared under the authority of the crematorium accompanies the remains, and if required by law, the permit for disposition of human remains, which must remain with the cremated remains. 1316:

than a burial funeral. This is because with a burial funeral one would have to plan for more transportation services for the body as well as embalming and other body preservation methods. With a burial funeral one will also have to purchase a casket, headstone, grave plot, opening and closing of the grave fee, and mortician fees. Cremation funerals only require planning the transportation of the body to a crematorium, cremation of the body, and a

7558: 7172: 886: 1910: 480: 1232:

scattered in national parks in the United States with a special permit. They can also be scattered on private property with the permission of the owner. The cremated remains may also be entombed. Most cemeteries will grant permission for burial of cremated remains in occupied cemetery plots that have already been purchased or are in use by the families disposing of the cremated remains without any additional charge or oversight.

1729: 1145: 386: 265: 7547: 543:, a well-known figure in literary and scientific circles. By the end of the year, the Cremation Society of Great Britain had overseen 2 more cremations, a total of 3 out of 597,357 deaths in the UK that year. In 1888, 28 cremations took place at the venue. In 1891, Woking Crematorium added a chapel, pioneering the concept of a crematorium being a venue for funerals as well as cremation. 1577:

beautiful symbolism in it. The whole terminology of eschatology presupposes it. Cremation is purely heathenish. It was the main practice among pagan Greeks and Romans. The majority of Hindus thus dispose of their dead. It is dishonoring to the body, intended as a temple of the Holy Ghost and to bear the image of God. It is an insidious denial of the doctrine of the resurrection.

1110: 1484:, in which he said: "Every body, whether it is dried up into dust, or is dissolved into moisture, or is compressed into ashes, or is attenuated into smoke, is withdrawn from us, but it is reserved for God in the custody of the elements. Nor, as you believe, do we fear any loss from sepulture, but we adopt the ancient and better custom of burying in the earth." A similar practice of 2321: 332:, cremation was usual but diminished by the 4th century. It then reappeared in the 5th and 6th centuries during the migration era, when sacrificed animals were sometimes included on the pyre, and the dead were dressed in costume and with ornaments for the burning. That custom was also very widespread among the Germanic peoples of the northern continental lands from which the 1649:

decomposition. But when a cremation is specifically and willfully chosen for no good cause by the one who is deceased, he or she is not permitted a funeral in the church and may also be permanently excluded from burial in a Christian cemetery and liturgical prayers for the departed. In Orthodoxy, cremation is perceived as a rejection of the temple of God and of the

4536:, says that Aquinas is "...quite clear in rejecting the sort of substance dualism proposed by Plato which goes so far as to identify human beings with their souls alone, as if the body were a kind of clothing that we put on," and that Aquinas believed that "we are a composite of soul and body, that a soul all by itself would not be a human being." See 1808: 3567: 5467:... cremation is un-questionably unacceptable to Conservative Judaism. The process of cremation would substitute an artificial and "instant" destruction for the natural process of decay and would have the disposition of the remains subject to manipulation by the survivors rather than submit to the universal processes of nature. 856:. Inside is typically a layer of insulation brick, mostly calcium silicate in nature. Heavy duty cremators are usually designed with two layers of fire bricks inside the insulation layer. The layer of fire bricks in contact with the combustion process protects the outer layer and must be replaced from time to time. 1728: 1776: 1324:

even cremation is still relatively expensive, especially as a lot of fuel is required to perform it. Methods to reduce fuel consumption/fuel cost include the use of different fuels (i.e. natural gas or propane, compared to wood) and by using an incinerator (retort) (closed cabin) rather than an open fire.

4520:

Cremation was unheard of from the time Charlemagne outlawed it (784) until the 17th century. At that point, the practice was urged primarily by those opposed to the church, and for a long time cremation was forbidden by Roman Catholicism and practiced only reluctantly by a few Protestants who did not

2099:

and there is no set directive on how the body should be disposed of after death. Wiccans believe that the body is merely a shell for the spirit so cremation is not viewed as irreverent or disrespectful. One tradition practiced by Wiccans is to mix the ashes from cremation with soil which is then used

2047:

emphasizes burial as the normal practice, for instance Devarim (Deuteronomy) 21:23 (specifically commanding the burial of executed criminals), with both a positive command derived from this verse to command one to bury a dead body and a negative command forbidding neglecting to bury a dead body. Some

1373:

pollution than 22,000 average American homes generate in a year. The environmental impact may be reduced by using cremators for longer periods, and relaxing the requirement for a cremation to take place on the same day that the coffin is received, which reduces the use of fossil fuel and hence carbon

1159:

The ash remaining represents very roughly 3.5% of the body's original mass (2.5% in children). Because the weight of dry bone fragments is so closely connected to skeletal mass, their weight varies greatly from person to person. Because many changes in body composition (such as fat and muscle loss or

599:

In the U.S. only about one crematory per year was built in the late 19th century. As embalming became more widely accepted and used, crematories lost their sanitary edge. Not to be left behind, crematories had an idea of making cremation beautiful. They started building crematories with stained-glass

570:

after hearing about its use in Europe. Like many early proponents, he was motivated by a belief it would be beneficial for public health. Before LeMoyne's crematory closed in 1901, it had performed 42 cremations. Other countries that opened their first crematorium included Sweden (1887 in Stockholm),

1585:

churches welcomed the use of cremation at a much earlier date than the Catholic Church; pro-cremation sentiment was not unanimous among Protestants, as some have retained a literal interpretation of Scripture. The first crematoria in the Protestant countries were built in the 1870s, and in 1908, the

1315:

Other people view cremation as a way of simplifying their funeral process. These people view a traditional ground burial as an unneeded complication of their funeral process, and thus choose cremation to make their services as simple as possible. Cremation is a more simple disposition method to plan

1167:

Bones are not all that remain after cremation. There may be melted metal lumps from missed jewellery; casket furniture; dental fillings; and surgical implants, such as hip replacements. Breast implants do not have to be removed before cremation. Some medical devices such as pacemakers may need to be

966:

In the United Kingdom, the body is not removed from the coffin and is not placed into a container as described above. The body is cremated with the coffin which is why all British coffins that are to be used for cremation must be combustible. The Code of Cremation Practice forbids the opening of the

2186:

The cost of pet cremation depends on location, where the cremation is done, and time of cremation. The American Humane Society's cost for the cremation of a pet weighing under 22.5 kg (50 lb) costs $ 110, while a pet weighing over 23 kg (51 lb) is $ 145. The cremated remains are

1542:

Although the Holy See has in some cases authorized bishops to grant permission for funeral rites to be carried out in the presence of cremated remains, it is preferred that the rites be carried out in the presence of a still intact body. Practices that show insufficient respect for the ashes of the

1417:

to propose reopening old graves for "double-decker" burials. Some cities in Germany do not have plots for sale, only for lease. When the lease expires, the remains are disinterred and a specialist bundles the bones, inscribes the forehead of the skull with the information that was on the headstone,

226:, similar to Urnfield burials, and qualifying as the earliest description of cremation rites. This may be an anachronism, as during Mycenaean times burial was generally preferred, and Homer may have been reflecting the more common use of cremation at the time the Iliad was written, centuries later. 2007:

has traditionally disapproved of cremation in the past, as a rejection of the respect due to humans who are created in the image of God. Judaism has also disapproved of preservation of the dead by means of embalming and mummifying, as this involves mutilation and abuse of the corpse. Mummification

1323:

The cost factor tends to make cremation attractive. Generally speaking, cremation is cheaper than a traditional burial service, especially if direct cremation (also known as bare cremation) is chosen, in which the body is cremated as soon as legally possible without any sort of services. For some,

1227:

which can then be made into jewelry. This "cremation jewelry" is also known as funeral jewelry, remembrance jewelry or memorial jewelry. A portion of the cremated remains may be retained in a specially designed locket known as cremation jewelry, or even blown into special glass keepsakes and glass

859:

The body is generally required to be inside a coffin or a combustible container. This allows the body to be quickly and safely slid into the cremator. It also reduces health risks to the operators. The coffin or container is inserted (charged) into the cremator as quickly as possible to avoid heat

2992:

In conclusion, it must be remembered that there is nothing directly opposed to any dogma of the Church in the practice of cremation, and that, if ever the leaders of this sinister movement so far control the governments of the world as to make this custom universal, it would not be a lapse in the

2055:

During the 19th and early 20th centuries, as the Jewish cemeteries in many European towns had become crowded and were running out of space, in a few cases cremation for the first time became an approved means of corpse disposal among emerging liberal and Reform Jewish movements in line with their

1368:

Each cremation requires about 110 L (28 US gal) of fuel and releases about 240 kg (540 lb) of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Thus, the roughly 1 million bodies that are cremated annually in the United States produce about 240,000 t (270,000 short tons) of carbon

1231:

Cremated remains may also be incorporated, with urn and cement, into part of an artificial reef, or they can also be mixed into paint and made into a portrait of the deceased. Some individuals use a very small amount of the remains in tattoo ink, for remembrance portraits. Cremated remains can be

1128:

of "cremated" and "remains". (The Cremation Association of North America prefers that the word "cremains" not be used for referring to "human cremated remains". The reason given is that "cremains" is thought to have less connection with the deceased, whereas a loved one's "cremated remains" has a

372:

in Urne Buriall (1658) which interpreted cremation as means of oblivion and reveals plainly that "'there is no antidote against the Opium of time...". Honoretta Brooks Pratt became the first recorded cremated European individual in modern times when she died on 26 September 1769 and was illegally

336:

migrants are supposed to have been derived, during the same period. These ashes were usually thereafter deposited in a vessel of clay or bronze in an "urn cemetery". The custom again died out with the Christian conversion of the Anglo-Saxons or Early English during the 7th century, when Christian

1619:

noted in 1874 that "Three thoughts alone would lead us to suppose that the early Christians would have special care for their dead, namely, the essential Jewish origin of the Church; the mode of burial of their founder; and the doctrine of the resurrection of the body, so powerfully urged by the

1519:

forbade Catholics to practise cremation in 1886. The 1917 Code of Canon Law incorporated this ban. In 1963, recognizing that, in general, cremation was being sought for practical purposes and not as a denial of bodily resurrection, the choice of cremation was permitted in some circumstances. The

1311:

Aside from religious reasons (discussed below), some people find they prefer cremation over traditional burial for personal reasons. The thought of a long and slow decomposition process is unappealing to some; many people find that they prefer cremation because it disposes of the body relatively

630:

In the Netherlands, the foundation of the Association for Optional Cremation in 1874 ushered in a long debate about the merits and demerits of cremation. Laws against cremation were challenged and invalidated in 1915 (two years after the construction of the first crematorium in the Netherlands),

1437:

In Christian countries and cultures, cremation has historically been discouraged and viewed as a desecration of God's image, and as interference with the resurrection of the dead taught in Scripture. It is now acceptable to some denominations, since a literal interpretation of Scripture is less

1246:

The final disposition depends on the personal preferences of the deceased as well as their cultural and religious beliefs. Some religions will permit the cremated remains to be sprinkled or retained at home. Some religions, such as Roman Catholicism, prefer to either bury or entomb the remains.

182:

earliest history, both inhumation and cremation were in common use among all classes. Around the mid-Republic, inhumation was almost exclusively replaced by cremation, with some notable exceptions, and remained the most common funerary practice until the middle of the Empire, when it was almost

2250:

The cremation rate varies considerably across countries with Japan reporting a 99.97% cremation rate while Romania reported a rate of 0.5% in 2018. The cremation rate in the United Kingdom has been increasing steadily with the national average rate rising from 34.70% in 1960 to 78.10% in 2019.

2086:

forbids cremation. A letter written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi to a National Spiritual Assembly states, "He feels that, in view of what 'Abdu'l-Bahá has said against cremation, the believers should be strongly urged, as an act of faith, to make provisions against their remains being cremated.

1648:

Churches historically forbid cremation, but not dogmatically. Exceptions are made for circumstances where it cannot be avoided (when civil authority demands it, in aftermath of war or during epidemics) or if it may be sought for good cause, such as the discovery of body already in the state of

1576:

Third. As to cremation. This is not a Biblical or Christian mode of disposing of the dead. The Old and New Testament agree and take for granted that as the body was taken originally from the earth, so it is to return to the earth again. Burial is the natural and Christian mode. There is a

982:

Cremations can be "delivery only", with no preceding chapel service at the crematorium (although a church service may have been held) or preceded by a service in one of the crematorium chapels. Delivery-only allows crematoria to schedule cremations to make best use of the cremators, perhaps by

777:

Starting in the 1960s, cremation has become more common than burial in several countries where the latter is traditional. This has included the United Kingdom (1968), Czechoslovakia (1980), Canada (early 2000s), the United States (2016) and Finland (2017). Factors cited include cheaper costs

773:

at cremation ceremonies. This is done on the condition that the ashes must be buried or interred, not scattered. Many countries where burial is traditional saw cremation rise to become a significant, if not the most common way of disposing of a dead body. In the 1960s and 1970s, there was an

2068:

In Israel religious ritual events including free burial and funeral services for all who die in Israel and all citizens including the majority Jewish population including for the secular or non-observant are almost universally facilitated through the Rabbinate of Israel. This is an Orthodox

1594:

churches—required that remains be cremated for burial in the abbey's precincts. Today, "scattering", or "strewing," is an acceptable practice in some Protestant denominations, and some churches have their own "garden of remembrance" on their grounds in which remains can be scattered. Some

978:

In Australia, reusable or cardboard coffins are rare, with only a few manufacturers now supplying them. For low cost, a plain, particle-board coffin (known in the trade as a "chippie", "shipper" or "pyro") can be used. Handles (if fitted) are plastic and approved for use in a cremator.

583:

Some of the various Protestant churches came to accept cremation. In Anglican and Nordic Protestant countries, cremation gained acceptance (though it did not yet become the norm) first by the upper classes and cultural circles, and then by the rest of the population. In 1905,

970:

In Germany, the process is mostly similar to that of the United Kingdom. The body is cremated in the coffin. A piece of fire clay with a number on it is used for identifying the remains of the dead body after burning. The remains are then placed in a container called an

833:. Modern cremators automatically monitor their interior to tell when the cremation process is complete and have a spyhole so that an operator can see inside. The time required for cremation varies from body to body, with the average being 90 minutes for an adult body. 4521:

believe in the literal resurrection of the dead. Recently, these strictures have eased, less interpret Scripture literally and more and more churches have established columbaria or memorial gardens within their precincts for the reception of the ashes by the faithful.

465:, took the corpse of his dead wife there to be cremated in 1874. The efficient and cheap process brought about the quick and complete incineration of the body and was a fundamental technical breakthrough that finally made industrial cremation a practical possibility. 401:

In Europe, a movement to reintroduce cremation as a viable method for body disposal began in the 1870s. This was made possible by the invention of new furnace technology and contact with eastern cultures that practiced it. At the time, many proponents believed in the

1163:

Ashes of adults can be said to weigh from 876 to 3,784 g (1 lb 15 oz to 8 lb 5 oz), with women's ashes generally weighing below 2,750 g (6 lb 1 oz) and men's ashes generally weighing above 1,887 g (4 lb 3 oz).

2235:

Civil suits were filed against the Marsh family and a number of funeral homes who shipped bodies to Tri-State; these suits were ultimately settled. The property of the Marsh family has been sold, but collection of the full $ 80-million judgment remains doubtful.

1689:) prior to cremation for those wishing to do so, or in countries where the law requires cremation. Except where required by law, the family of the deceased may decide whether the body should be cremated, though the Church "does not normally encourage cremation." 2380:

Bowler, J.M. 1971. Pleistocene salinities and climatic change: Evidence from lakes and lunettes in southeastern Australia. In: Mulvaney, D.J. and Golson, J. (eds), Aboriginal Man and Environment in Australia. Canberra: Australian National University Press, pp.

1845:

A dead adult Hindu is mourned with a cremation, while a dead child is typically buried. The rite of passage is performed in harmony with the Hindu religious view that the microcosm of all living beings is a reflection of a macrocosm of the universe. The soul

93:

but includes unburnt fragments of bone mineral, which are commonly ground into powder. They are inorganic and inert, and thus do not constitute a health risk and may be buried, interred in a memorial site, retained by relatives or scattered in various ways.

2073:

manufacturer to sell a retort to Israel. In August 2007, an orthodox youth group in Israel was accused of burning down the country's sole crematorium, which they see as an affront to God. The crematorium was rebuilt by its owner and the retort replaced.

153:

era. Cultural groups had their own preferences and prohibitions. The ancient Egyptians developed an intricate transmigration-of-soul theology, which prohibited cremation. This was also widely adopted by Semitic peoples. The Babylonians, according to

1365:, but are less likely to burn hardwood coffins. Keijzer's studies also found that a cremation or burial accounts for only about a quarter of a funeral's environmental impact; the carbon emissions of people travelling to the funeral are far greater. 1327:

For surviving kin, cremation is preferred because of simple portability. Survivors relocating to another city or country have the option of transporting the remains of their loved ones with the ultimate goal of being interred or scattered together.

1344:

advantages over burial, depending on local practice. Studies by Elisabeth Keijzer for the Netherlands Organisation for Applied Research found that cremation has less of an environmental impact than a traditional burial (the study did not address

2154:

Traditionally, only Buddhist monks in China practiced cremation because ordinary Han Chinese detested cremation, refusing to do it. But now, the atheist Communist party enforces a strict cremation policy on Han Chinese. Exceptions are made for

1290:

at a stretch where the river flows from east to west, depicting the life of a human being from sunrise to sunset. In Japan and Taiwan, the remaining bone fragments are given to the family and are used in a burial ritual before final interment.

958:

In the United States federal law does not dictate any container requirements for cremation. Certain states require an opaque or non-transparent container for all cremations. This can be a simple corrugated cardboard box or a wooden casket

963:). Another option is a cardboard box that fits inside a wooden shell, which is designed to look like a traditional casket. After the funeral service, the box is removed from the shell before cremation, permitting the shell to be re-used. 1631:

does not have a specific official statement that either endorses or condemns cremation, leaving the choice to individuals and families. Resources within the official ritual refer to the possible use of an urn and the interment of ashes.

1396:

Another environmental concern is that traditional burial takes up a great deal of space. In a traditional burial, the body is buried in a casket made from a variety of materials. In the United States, the casket is often placed inside a

1955:. Balinese funerals are very expensive and the body may be interred until the family can afford it or until there is a group funeral planned by the village or family when costs will be less. The purpose of burying the corpse is for the 1160:

gain) do not affect the weight of cremated remains, the weight of the remains can be more closely predicted from the person's height and sex (which predicts skeletal weight), than it can be predicted from the person's simple weight.

1567:

stated that the practice of cremation would "undermine the faith of mankind in the doctrine of the resurrection of the body, hasten rejection of a Scriptural worldview and so bring about a most disastrous social revolution." In

1374:

emissions. Cremation is therefore becoming more friendly toward the environment. Some funeral and crematorium owners offer a carbon neutral funeral service incorporating efficient-burning coffins made from lightweight recycled

2178:

In Japan, more than 465 companion animal temples are in operation. These venues hold funerals and rituals for dead pets. In Australia, pet owners can purchase services to have their companion animal cremated and placed in a

531:

was arrested and put on trial for attempting to cremate his son's body. Price successfully argued in court that while the law did not state that cremation was legal, it also did not state that it was illegal. The case set a

1508:, and where there was an imminent fear of diseases spreading from the corpses, since individual burials with digging graves would take too long and body decomposition would begin before all the corpses had been interred. 4482:

The New Burial Policy, introduced in 1998 to address the issue of land scarcity, limits burial to 15 years. After this period, graves will be exhumed and the remains cremated or re-interred, depending on one's religious

1192:

A U.S. Navy sailor scatters cremated remains at sea. Visible is the clear plastic inner bag containing the remains, and next to it the labeled black plastic box that contained the inner bag. This is normal in American

2064:

has issued a responsa stating that families are permitted to choose cremation, but Reform rabbis are allowed to discourage the practice. However, Reform rabbis are instructed not to refuse to officiate at cremations.

1524:, states: "The Church earnestly recommends the pious custom of Christian burial be retained; but it does not entirely forbid cremation, except if this is chosen for reasons which are contrary to Christian teaching." 5703:

Chur-Hansen, Anna. "Cremation Services Upon The Death of a Companion Animal: Views Of Service Providers And Service Users." Society & Animals 19.3 (2011): 248–260. Academic Search Premier. Web. 16 September

1450:

culture. The early church carried on Judaism's respect for the human body as being created in God's image, and followed their practices of speedy interment, in hopes of the future resurrection of all dead. The

1097:

Contrary to popular belief, the cremated remains are not ashes in the usual sense. After the incineration is completed, the dry bone fragments are swept out of the retort and pulverised by a machine called a

4370:

Not only is cremation of the body and interment of the ashes in an urn a long-standing Buddhist practice, it is also a highly practical idea today, given the scarcity of burial space in crowded modern Japan.

1595:

denominations, like Lutheran churches in Scandinavia, favour the urns being buried in family graves. A family grave can thus contain urns of many generations and also the urns of spouses and loved ones.

1028: 1886:

The final rite in the case of untimely death of a child is usually not cremation but a burial. This is rooted in Rigveda's section 10.18, where the hymns mourn the death of the child, praying to deity

1463:

witness to this preference. For them, the body was not a mere receptacle for a spirit that was the real person, but an integral part of the human person. They looked on the body as sanctified by the

1197:

Cremated remains are returned to the next of kin in different manners according to custom and country. In the United States, the cremated remains are almost always contained in a thick watertight

2220:

Operator Ray Brent Marsh had 787 criminal charges filed against him. On 19 November 2004, Marsh pleaded guilty to all charges. Marsh was sentenced to two 12-year prison sentences, one each from

5051: 2251:

According to the National Funeral Directors Association, the cremation rate in the United States in 2016 was 50.2% and this was in 2017 expected to increase to 63.8% by 2025 and 78.8% in 2035.

1156:

with some minor minerals, such as salts of sodium and potassium. Sulfur and most carbon are driven off as oxidized gases during the process, although about 1–4% of carbon remains as carbonate.

1467:

and itself the temple of the Holy Spirit, and thus requiring to be disposed of in a way that honours and reveres it, and they saw many early practices involved with disposal of dead bodies as

1858:– air, water, fire, earth, and space. The last rite of passage returns the body to the five elements and origins. The roots of this belief are found in the Vedas, for example in the hymns of 2217:, having been dumped there by the crematorium's proprietor. Many of the corpses were decayed beyond identification. Some families received "ashes" that were made of wood and concrete dust. 421:

In 1869, the idea was presented to the Medical International Congress of Florence by Professors Coletti and Castiglioni "in the name of public health and civilization". In 1873, Professor

5343: 276:. The pyre is to the left, near a river, the lead mourner is walking in front, the dead body is wrapped in white and is being carried to the cremation pyre, relatives and friends follow. 74:

is an ancient tradition. Starting in the 19th century, cremation was introduced or reintroduced into other parts of the world. In modern times, cremation is commonly carried out with a

515:, with Gorini travelling to England to assist the installation of a cremator. They first tested it on 17 March 1879 with the body of a horse. After protests and an intervention by the 1117:

In most Asian countries, the bones are not pulverised, unless requested beforehand. When not pulverised, the bones are collected by the family and stored as one might do with ashes.

689:

produced too many corpses, therefore the crematoria manufactured to SS specifications were put into use in all of them to handle the disposals around the clock, day and night. The

3477: 1188: 1079:

at a temperature of 760 to 1,150 °C (1,400 to 2,100 °F). During the cremation process, the greater portion of the body (especially the organs and other soft tissues) is

1788: 1393:. In some countries such as the United Kingdom, the law now requires that cremators be fitted with abatement equipment (filters) that remove serious pollutants such as mercury. 2087:

Bahá'u'lláh has laid down as a law, in the Aqdas, the manner of Baháʼí burial, and it is so beautiful, befitting and dignified, that no believer should deprive himself of it."

1090:

Jewelry, such as necklaces, wrist-watches and rings, are ordinarily removed before cremation, and returned to the family. Several implanted devices are required to be removed.

2035:(Jewish law) forbids it. This halakhic concern is grounded in the literal interpretation of Scripture, viewing the body as created in the image of God and upholding a bodily 1401:

vault or liner before burial in the ground. While individually this may not take much room, combined with other burials, it can over time cause serious space concerns. Many

5375:

Judaism is a tradition which affirms life. It has struggled from its inception against concentration on death and instead focuses on the celebration of God's gift of life.

1543:

dead such as turning them into jewelry or scattering them are forbidden for Catholics, but burial on land or sea or enclosing in a niche or columbarium is now acceptable.

178:. Until the Christian era, when inhumation again became the only burial practice, both combustion and inhumation had been practiced, depending on the era and location. In 2069:

organization following historical and traditional Jewish law. In Israel there were no formal crematories until 2004 when B&L Cremation Systems Inc. became the first

2782: 2170:

descendants originally practiced cremation as part of their culture. They adopted the practice of burial from the Han, but many Manchus continued to cremate their dead.

4042: 2436: 736:

as well as Kori Company of Berlin, whose ovens were elongated to accommodate two bodies, slid inside from the back side. The ashes were taken out from the front side.

5559:

he Research Department of the Universal House of Justice (2020) BAHÁ’Í BURIAL and Related Laws: Extracts from the Bahá'í Writings. Bahá’í Distribution Services. p.99

1676: 2839: 1981:

believe Islam strictly forbids cremation. Its teaching is that cremation is not in line with the respect and dignity due to the deceased. They believe Islam has

1000: 3095:

Alternate source: Świebocki (1997), pp. 218, 220, 224; in his reproduction of the Vrba–Wetzler report, Świebocki presents the material without paragraph breaks.

1531:

have laid down rules for various countries. Of these, perhaps the most elaborate are those established, with the necessary confirmation of the Holy See, by the

318:

Cremation remained common but not universal, in both ancient Greece and ancient Rome. According to Cicero, burial was considered the more archaic rite in Rome.

2866: 619:, remained largely unchanged from its 19th-century style and was in full operation until the late 1950s. The oldest operating crematorium in Australia is at 603:

Australia also started to establish modern cremation movements and societies. Australians had their first purpose-built modern crematorium and chapel in the

5435:

The subsequent weight of opinion is against cremation and there is no convincing reason why we should deviate from the sacred established method of burial.

433:

published reports of practical work they had conducted. A model of Brunetti's cremating apparatus, together with the resulting ashes, was exhibited at the

2487:

The punishment of death was inflicted on the refusal of baptism, on the heathen practice of burning the dead, and on the violation of the days of fasting

817:

that is able to generate temperatures of 871–982 °C (1,600–1,800 °F) to ensure the disintegration of the corpse. Modern cremator fuels include

8955: 3568:"Gesetz über das Leichen-, Bestattungs- und Friedhofswesen des Landes Schleswig-Holstein (Bestattungsgesetz – BestattG) vom 4. Februar 2005, §17 Abs. 4" 2420: 2391: 1016: 3882: 4411: 1751: 1685:

More recent LDS publications have provided instructions for how to dress the deceased when they have received their temple endowments (and thus wear

357:

was exhumed years after his death and burned to ashes, with the ashes thrown in a river, explicitly as a posthumous punishment for his denial of the

1243:, Wales, environmental authorities have warned that the frequent scattering of ashes can change the nature of the soil, and may affect the ecology. 7594: 5480: 1747: 1706: 1640:

Some branches of Christianity entirely oppose cremation, including non-mainstream Protestant groups and the Orthodox churches. Most notably, the

1418:

and places the remains in a special crypt. In Singapore, cremation is preferred by most Singaporeans because burial there is limited to 15 years.

9352: 9093: 8689: 1672: 2112:

disavows cremation or burial to preclude pollution of fire or earth. The traditional method of corpse disposal is through ritual exposure in a "

5597: 1136:. The default container used by most crematoria, when nothing more expensive has been selected, is usually a hinged, snap-locking plastic box. 2116:", but both burial and cremation are increasingly popular alternatives. Some contemporary adhererents of the faith have opted for cremation. 9308: 8817: 6819: 1532: 2362:

Gillespie, R (1997) Burnt and unburnt carbon: dating charcoal and burnt bone from the Willandra Lakes, Australia: Radiocarbon 39, 225-236.

1052: 5723: 3474: 1492:. And while there was a clear and prevailing preference for burial, there was no general Church law forbidding cremation until 1866. In 9140: 8591: 7135: 3932: 2953: 2675: 7243: 5771: 5497:

e have no ideological conflict with the custom which is now popularly accepted by many as clean and appropriate to modern conditions.

4330: 3238: 5276:

In eastern religions such as Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism and Buddhism cremation is mandated, while in Islam it is strictly forbidden.

5008: 4896: 4761: 3331: 5448: 4973:

Mckemy, S. (n.d.). RESPECTING THE IMAGE OF GOD An Apology for Traditional Christian Burial (pp. 5–6). Retrieved July 7, 2024, from

7452: 6151: 2031:

movements in Judaism have maintained the historical practice and strict Biblical line against cremation and disapprove of it, as

860:

loss. Some crematoria allow relatives to view the charging. This is sometimes done for religious reasons, such as in traditional

679:, where the bodies of those murdered by gassing were disposed of using incineration. The efficiency of industrialised killing of 253:

Criticism of burial rites is a common aspersion by competing religions and cultures, including the association of cremation with

1064: 5422: 4974: 5313: 4712: 3074: 2790: 1496:, cremation was practiced mainly in situations where there were multitudes of corpses simultaneously present, such as after a 6212: 6176: 5513: 5288: 3829: 3589: 3206:"'Life Begins in the Heat of Love and Ends in the Heat of Fire': Four Views on the Development of Cremation in Czech Society" 3056: 2612: 2560: 2371:

Gillespie, R (1998) Alternative timescales: a critical review of Willandra Lakes dating. Archaeology in Oceania, 33, 169-182.

2061: 1132:

After final grinding, the ashes are placed in a container, which can be anything from a simple cardboard box to a decorative

374: 4034: 7587: 6146: 3304: 1682:

wrote that "only under the most extraordinary and unusual circumstances" would cremation be consistent with LDS teachings.

2187:

available for the owner to pick up in seven to ten business days. Urns for the companion animal range from $ 50 to $ 150.

1034:(Germany) A sealed cinerary urn, showing the ash capsule containing the remains of the dead, along with the name and dates 6448: 4948: 3807: 2843: 2245: 1350: 745: 2943:

Sanburn, Josh. "The New American Way of Death." Time 181.24 (2013): 30. Academic Search Premier. Web. 16 September 2013.

2056:

general rejection of literal scripture interpretation and traditional Torah ritual laws. Current liberal movements like

1247:

Hinduism obliges the closest male relative (son, grandson, etc.) of the deceased to immerse the cremated remains in the

848:

bricks. Refractory bricks are designed in several layers. The outermost layer is usually simply an insulation material,

6181: 5207: 5185: 5114: 5097: 5055: 2291: 2039:

as core beliefs of traditional Judaism. This interpretation was occasionally opposed by some Jewish groups such as the

1854:

ritual, but both the body and the universe are vehicles and transitory in various schools of Hinduism. They consist of

503: 394: 349:

rites. Cremation was sometimes used by Catholic authorities as part of punishment for accused heretics, which included

5358: 8718: 7624: 6156: 5647: 5396: 5154: 4931: 4592: 4547: 4506: 4391: 4363: 4102: 3769: 3726: 3632: 3387: 3169: 3026: 2716: 2587: 2533: 2508: 1739: 1675:(LDS Church) has, in past decades, discouraged cremation without expressly forbidding it. In the 1950s, for example, 925: 596:, although it said that "there is nothing directly opposed to any dogma of the Church in the practice of cremation." 2870: 1890:

to "neither harm our girls nor our boys", and pleads the earth to cover, protect the deceased child as a soft wool.

8925: 8812: 4127: 5078: 4065: 9337: 8728: 7766: 7580: 7233: 6684: 6136: 5826: 520: 491: 2813: 1893:

Ashes of the cremated bodies are usually spread in rivers, which are considered holy in the Hindu practice. The

1664:

forbids the practice of cremation, believing as the Early Church did, that it continues to be a pagan practice.

1474:

The idea that cremation might interfere with God's ability to resurrect the body was refuted by the 2nd-century

1361:) had less impact than both. The study was based on Dutch practice; American crematoria are more likely to emit 7208: 5681: 5620: 5581: 5560: 3907: 907: 588:

interred ashes for the first time; by 1911 the Abbey was expressing a preference for interring ashes. The 1908

473: 5092:

Carl Olson (2007), The Many Colors of Hinduism: A Thematic-historical Introduction, Rutgers University Press,

1172:. After the remains are processed, smaller bits of metal such as tooth fillings, and rings (commonly known as 8950: 8480: 7740: 6232: 5910: 4720: 2399: 2190:

Though pet cremation has accelerated in recent years, Americans are still burying their pets by a 2:1 ratio.

1375: 942:

A relic found amid the ashes of Chan Kusalo (the Buddhist Patriarch of Northern Thailand) is placed inside a

732:

The Holocaust furnaces were supplied by a number of manufacturers, with the best known and most common being

7808: 4599:

To the traditionalists, cremation originated among "heathens" and "pagans" and was therefore anti-Christian.

4287:

Spongberg, Alison L.; Becks, Paul M. (January 2000). "Inorganic Soil Contamination from Cemetery Leachate".

2637:"USA." Encyclopedia of Cremation. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing, 2005. Credo Reference. Web. 17 September 2012. 1040: 660: 8945: 8485: 7958: 6710: 6254: 6161: 6128: 1799: 1624:. From these considerations, the Roman custom of cremation would be most repulsive to the Christian mind." 676: 656: 406:, and that cremation would reduce the "bad air" that caused diseases. These movements were associated with 7634: 4419: 3983: 3265: 1405:, particularly in Japan and Europe as well as those in larger cities, have run out of permanent space. In 790: 487:

confirmed that cremation was legal in the United Kingdom. He was himself cremated after his death in 1893.

7911: 6166: 4672: 2204: 1661: 287:

are notable for not only allowing but prescribing cremation. Cremation in India is first attested in the

149:

In the Middle East and Europe, both burial and cremation are evident in the archaeological record in the

5484: 3132: 2913: 2151:. Han Chinese traditionally practiced burial and viewed cremation as taboo and as a barbarian practice. 410:

and gained a following in cultural and intellectual circles. In Italy, the movement was associated with

9213: 9014: 4444: 3106: 2892: 903: 672: 454: 4466: 3657: 592:

was critical of the development, referring to them as a "sinister movement" and associating them with

9019: 8834: 7356: 6533: 6403: 4008: 3161: 3155: 3090: 2209:

In early 2002, 334 corpses that were supposed to have been cremated in the previous few years at the

1432: 750:

In the 20th century, cremation gained varying degrees of acceptance in most Christian denominations.

664: 528: 484: 292: 36: 3621:

In the Netherlands these are removed by either the undertaker or the hospital where the person died.

572: 9208: 8300: 7845: 7457: 5197: 5175: 539:

In 1885, the first official cremation in the United Kingdom took place in Woking. The deceased was

8372: 8367: 4685: 4239: 345:

In parts of Europe, cremation was forbidden by law, and even punishable by death if combined with

9325: 9235: 8407: 8174: 7993: 7926: 7658: 7225: 7011: 7006: 6934: 6856: 6141: 4827: 4398:

and prices so high that a burial plot in Tokyo a mere 21 feet square could easily cost $ 150,000.

2016: 1628: 896: 751: 714: 690: 462: 438: 3841: 1924:

Hindu dead are generally buried inside the container for a period of time, which may exceed one

1527:

There are no universal rules governing Catholic funeral rites in connection with cremation, but

9454: 9413: 9287: 8893: 8784: 8772: 8468: 8209: 8048: 7685: 7619: 7603: 7361: 7351: 7299: 7046: 6939: 6679: 6585: 6550: 6171: 5982: 5898: 3761: 3755: 3279: 2225: 1612: 1521: 763: 567: 495: 5671: 4266: 3542: 3046: 2550: 2482: 1871:

When thou hast made him ready, all possessing Fire, then do thou give him over to the Fathers,

9464: 9152: 9088: 8962: 8655: 8581: 8355: 8350: 8288: 8227: 8164: 8112: 8105: 7651: 7550: 6929: 6851: 6664: 6560: 6496: 6461: 6099: 5905: 5873: 4496: 3379: 3373: 3332:"This is exactly what happens to your body when it is cremated and how long it takes to burn" 1951:, the cremation can be postponed up to several years to coincide with the cremation of their 1869:

O all possessing Fire, when thou hast matured him, then send him on his way unto the Fathers.

1621: 1481: 759: 604: 589: 457:

perfected the use of this furnace for the incineration of organic material at his factory in

163: 8537: 4975:

https://www.orthodoxroad.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Orthodox-Christian-Burial-McKemy.pdf

3936: 2961: 2683: 2654: 9418: 9369: 9364: 9347: 9342: 9320: 9110: 8824: 8677: 8569: 8473: 8266: 7951: 7750: 7693: 7041: 6894: 6783: 6745: 6735: 6501: 5868: 4296: 4193: 2221: 2214: 2049: 1881:

Go, if it be thy lot, unto the waters; go, make thine home in plants with all thy members.

1759: 1528: 1460: 1446:

Christians preferred to bury the dead rather than to cremate the remains, as was common in

774:

unprecedented phase of crematorium construction in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.

540: 7921: 7557: 5131:

Terje Oestigaard, in The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of Death and Burial (Editors:

4337: 4152: 2708:

Between Mass Death And Individual Loss: The Place of the Dead in Twentieth-Century Germany

2083: 1873:

When he attains unto the life that waits him, he shall become subject to the will of gods.

1381:

Burial is a known source of certain environmental contaminants, with the major ones being

1299: 709: 8: 9408: 9073: 8878: 8711: 8244: 8117: 7998: 7973: 7101: 6966: 6266: 6007: 5987: 5967: 5930: 5819: 5264: 5016: 2210: 1901:, situated on the banks of the river, is regarded as the most sacred site for cremation. 1476: 1341: 782:), growth in secular attitudes and declining opposition in some Christian denominations. 442: 249:(crown), his name glyph, and three sacrificial vassals to accompany him in the afterlife. 174:

practiced burial. Cremation appeared around the 12th century BCE, probably influenced by

108: 5454: 4300: 4197: 1867:

Burn him not up, nor quite consume him, Agni: let not his body or his skin be scattered,

1219:), buried in the ground at many locations or sprinkled on a special field, mountain, or 1180:

ground in a remote area of the cemetery. They may also be sold as precious metal scrap.

1120:

The appearance of cremated remains after grinding is one of the reasons they are called

550:

Advertisement for woollen envelopes to wrap the body in for cremation, appearing in the

229: 9449: 9359: 9262: 9164: 8977: 8159: 7889: 7855: 7201: 7147: 7051: 6991: 6951: 6899: 6831: 6803: 6715: 6669: 6261: 5893: 5863: 5591: 4821: 4312: 4209: 3682:

Warren, M; Maples, W (1997). "The anthropometry of contemporary commercial cremation".

3243: 2921: 2276: 1489: 1390: 1153: 814: 722: 681: 648: 508: 390: 362: 296: 288: 211: 128: 4179:"The environmental impact of activities after life: life cycle assessment of funerals" 3785: 127:

Cremation dates from at least 17,000 years ago in the archaeological record, with the

9401: 9391: 9381: 9330: 8987: 8905: 8199: 8184: 8169: 8149: 8040: 8019: 7830: 7673: 7478: 6919: 6914: 6758: 6740: 6373: 6361: 5677: 5643: 5616: 5577: 5534: 5509: 5392: 5243: 5238: 5221: 5203: 5181: 5150: 5110: 5093: 4927: 4588: 4543: 4502: 4387: 4359: 4353: 4213: 4098: 3825: 3765: 3722: 3699: 3628: 3451: 3383: 3205: 3186: 3165: 3052: 3042: 3022: 2733: 2712: 2583: 2556: 2529: 2504: 2476: 2052:

also oppose cremation, some very strongly, seeing it as a rejection of God's design.

1679: 1645: 1587: 1386: 1362: 1205: 755: 620: 585: 434: 358: 346: 5430: 4762:"USCCB Committee on Divine Worship, "Cremation and the Order of Christian Funerals"" 4316: 3429: 1947:"). Additionally, if the departed was a court servant, member of the court or minor 81:

Cremation leaves behind an average of 2.4 kg (5.3 lb) of remains known as

9396: 9303: 9046: 8829: 8629: 8549: 8505: 8305: 8127: 7978: 7938: 7403: 7382: 7175: 7128: 7026: 6841: 6836: 6793: 6570: 6565: 6351: 6217: 6207: 6109: 6094: 6079: 6030: 5883: 5321: 5233: 4987: 4709: 4615: 4304: 4201: 3691: 3403: 3217: 3071: 2745: 2306: 2140: 2113: 2020: 2008:

was a practice of the ancient Egyptians, among whom the Israelites are said in the

1963:

of the corpse, which allows for an easier, more rapid and more complete cremation.

1819: 1743: 1641: 1564: 1409:, for example, traditional burial plots are extremely scarce and expensive, and in 1337: 1224: 810:. In many countries, the crematorium is a venue for funerals as well as cremation. 411: 350: 199: 167: 8888: 8844: 3187:"Designing a place for goodbye: The architecture of crematoria in the Netherlands" 2749: 2648: 983:

holding the body overnight in a refrigerator, allowing a lower fee to be charged.

393:, built in 1878 as the first facility in England after a long campaign led by the 9277: 9247: 9009: 8937: 8915: 8873: 8768: 8738: 8603: 8598: 8249: 8132: 7703: 7289: 7116: 7081: 7031: 6986: 6961: 6600: 6471: 6330: 6202: 6197: 6114: 6064: 6057: 6045: 5955: 5637: 4736: 4716: 3597: 3481: 3078: 2706: 2676:"History of Modern Cremation in Great Britain from 1874: The First Hundred Years" 2577: 2301: 2296: 2213:

were found intact and decaying on the crematorium's grounds in the U.S. state of

2125: 2028: 1982: 1972: 1937: 1933: 1921: 1755: 1686: 1493: 1452: 1287: 947: 779: 726: 652: 608: 258: 191: 121: 4354:

Shimizu, Louise Picon; Maruyama, Meredith Enman; Tsurumaki, Nancy Smith (1998).

4178: 2437:"The burning question – How cremation became our last act of self-determination" 1303:

Cremation allows for very economical use of cemetery space. Mini-gravestones in

241:

being cremated. Surrounding him are a necklace of jade and gold, an ornament of

9386: 9313: 9135: 9100: 9031: 8920: 8792: 8500: 8085: 8075: 7896: 7877: 7515: 7269: 7259: 7165: 6889: 6720: 6481: 6416: 6249: 6227: 6104: 6052: 5812: 3494: 2163: 2109: 2057: 2024: 1763: 1735: 1656:

Most independent Bible churches, free churches, Holiness churches and those of

1485: 1414: 1346: 1279: 1255: 1087:

by the intense heat; gases released are discharged through the exhaust system.

546: 516: 498: 426: 325:

saw an end to cremation in Europe, though it may have already been in decline.

254: 171: 6622: 4952: 4926:. Nashville, Tennessee: United Methodist Publishing House. 1992. p. 141. 4308: 4205: 9459: 9443: 9272: 9257: 9203: 9078: 9066: 8982: 8851: 8733: 8694: 8682: 8670: 8382: 8293: 8222: 7963: 7906: 7884: 7793: 7725: 7720: 7698: 7539: 7238: 7194: 6924: 6909: 6866: 6824: 6778: 6612: 6590: 6466: 6433: 6325: 6300: 4628: 2983: 2331: 2266: 2167: 1956: 1944: 1847: 1767: 1317: 1220: 1022:(Germany) A cinerary urn. The laces are used to lower the urn into the ground 733: 686: 446: 403: 369: 329: 7813: 5673:

The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China

5561:

https://bahai-library.com/pdf/compilations/compilation_bahai_burial_laws.pdf

21: 9191: 9147: 9128: 9083: 8883: 8807: 8564: 8559: 8515: 8142: 8024: 7988: 7968: 7820: 7798: 7710: 7490: 7431: 7274: 7140: 7021: 6904: 6788: 6705: 6629: 6617: 6476: 6383: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6238: 6089: 6069: 6012: 5997: 5888: 5615:(Revised ed.). San Jose, California: Writers Club Press. p. 113. 5362: 5247: 5132: 2271: 2180: 2148: 2129: 2117: 2036: 1994: 1855: 1563:

pastors often take a stand against it." Indeed, in the 1870s, the Anglican

1447: 1382: 1198: 1076: 938: 853: 766: 644: 640: 559: 524: 422: 354: 333: 322: 179: 9240: 5724:"FuneralFide Survey Reveals How Americans Are Coping With Pandemic Deaths" 5200:, English Translation: HH Wilson (Translator), pages 46–49 with footnotes; 5009:"Cremation – A Pagan Practice – The Church of God : Official Website" 3703: 3222: 2060:

still permit cremation, although burial remains the preferred option. The

479: 385: 9230: 9220: 9176: 9171: 9123: 9061: 9024: 8997: 8898: 8868: 8743: 8665: 8586: 8574: 8335: 8320: 8310: 8281: 8239: 8154: 8122: 8070: 8003: 7840: 7715: 7572: 7520: 7436: 7410: 7284: 7279: 7096: 7091: 7061: 7016: 6996: 6981: 6976: 6956: 6873: 6798: 6768: 6725: 6555: 6438: 6074: 6040: 5972: 5950: 5945: 5935: 5744: 5676:(illustrated, reprint ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 264. 5109:

J Fowler (1996), Hinduism: Beliefs and Practices, Sussex Academic Press,

4571: 2552:

Archaeologists and the Dead: Mortuary Archaeology in Contemporary Society

2121: 2015:

Through history and up to the philosophical movements of the current era

1512: 1216: 1201: 1169: 1125: 822: 593: 415: 273: 75: 4495:

Gassmann, Günther; Larson, Duane H.; Oldenburg, Mark W. (4 April 2001).

3883:"Turning The Dead into Diamonds: Meet The Ghoul Jewelers of Switzerland" 1385:

and the coffin itself. Cremation can also release contaminants, such as

9374: 9267: 9225: 9041: 9004: 8967: 8863: 8450: 8362: 8189: 8090: 8063: 7983: 7781: 7735: 7646: 7614: 7500: 7264: 7066: 7036: 7001: 6971: 6944: 6846: 6674: 6634: 6486: 6443: 6421: 6388: 6084: 6002: 5960: 5940: 5850: 5713:"Cremation Services." Animal Humane Society. N/D. Web. 11 October 2013. 4794:. Columbia: Lutheran Survey Publishing Company: 658. 12 September 1917. 2286: 2156: 1839: 1657: 1582: 1248: 1177: 951: 910: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 845: 563: 450: 407: 304: 207: 187: 143: 132: 113: 44: 3695: 9282: 9051: 9036: 8634: 8619: 8544: 8527: 8445: 8330: 8271: 8261: 8256: 8179: 8058: 7946: 7872: 7639: 7629: 7505: 7495: 7485: 7398: 7294: 7111: 7106: 7071: 6861: 6753: 6538: 6491: 6393: 6368: 6244: 5925: 5920: 2229: 2070: 2040: 1604: 1464: 1259: 1091: 1084: 1080: 1007: 992: 770: 769:

lifted the ban on cremation, and in 1966 allowed Catholic priests to

718: 566:

in 1891. The first modern crematory in the U.S. was built in 1876 by

533: 368:

The first to advocate for the use of cremation was the physician Sir

238: 219: 159: 155: 150: 7561: 6689: 4562:

Davies & Mates, "Cremation, Death and Roman Catholicism", p. 107

3757:

Final Celebrations: A Guide for Personal and Family Funeral Planning

3520: 885: 9056: 8992: 8839: 8797: 8532: 8440: 8315: 8137: 8100: 8080: 7473: 7086: 7056: 6607: 6595: 6528: 6356: 6025: 5992: 5878: 5858: 5613:

All One Wicca: A Study in the Universal Eclectic Tradition of Wicca

5344:"Cremation & Christianity: What the Bible Says About Cremation" 2704: 2261: 1948: 1940: 1909: 1898: 1879:(life-principle, breathe); go, as thy merit is, to earth or heaven. 1827: 1823: 1719: 1698: 1591: 1560: 1556: 1516: 1501: 1468: 1402: 1398: 1304: 1267: 1263: 830: 818: 668: 612: 558:

Other early crematoria in Europe were built in 1878 in the town of

280: 269: 203: 198:. The custom became dominant throughout Bronze Age Europe with the 175: 138:

Alternative death rituals which emphasize one method of disposal –

5170: 3305:"Proposed replacement of cremators at Fu Shan Crematorium, Shatin" 476:. The building still stands but ceased to be operational in 1992. 445:

in the 1850s. His furnace operated at a high temperature by using

418:, whereas these were not major themes of the movement in Britain. 9118: 8910: 8856: 8802: 8624: 8430: 8340: 8194: 8095: 8053: 7916: 7835: 7788: 7776: 7123: 6763: 6730: 6575: 6523: 6284: 6222: 6035: 5915: 5135:, Liv Nilsson Stut), Oxford University Press, ISBN, pages 497–501 2032: 2004: 1978: 1859: 1835: 1831: 1535:

and published as Appendix II of the United States edition of the

1240: 1144: 1103: 1094:

and other medical devices can cause large, dangerous explosions.

826: 795: 458: 300: 284: 242: 223: 51: 40: 26: 5252:

Mutilation, and thus cremation, is strictly prohibited in Islam.

4240:"Dissolving the dead: Alkaline hydrolysis, a new alternative to" 3484:, Doncaster: Cemeteries, Crematorium, retrieved 26 November 2009 3280:"Project Profile of re-provisioning of Diamond Hill Crematorium" 1124:, although a non-technical term sometimes used is "cremains", a 264: 9186: 8723: 8701: 8554: 8490: 8435: 7825: 7803: 7771: 7745: 7320: 7076: 6773: 6543: 6411: 6335: 5977: 5144: 2330:, by John Stuart Thomson, a publication from 1913, now in the 2144: 2044: 1952: 1929: 1850:, Brahman) is the essence and immortal that is released at the 1505: 1497: 1456: 1410: 1283: 1275: 1251: 1236: 960: 631:

though cremation did not become legally recognised until 1955.

624: 616: 512: 195: 139: 117: 55: 5799: 3958: 3677: 3675: 1667: 146:– have gone through periods of preference throughout history. 9252: 8972: 8706: 8660: 8522: 8377: 8325: 7901: 7867: 7377: 7335: 7330: 6659: 6639: 6580: 6378: 5835: 5574:

Wicca for Life: The Way of the Craft—From Birth to Summerland

5421:

Shapiro, Rabbi Morris M. (1986). Binder, Rabbi Robert (ed.).

2281: 2096: 2009: 1997:

is found in 1 Samuel 31. In this passage, the dead bodies of

1960: 1925: 1894: 1887: 1795: 1714: 1650: 1406: 1271: 1058:(Germany) An open ash capsule showing the remains of the dead 943: 869: 861: 469: 430: 234: 215: 186:

In Europe, there are traces of cremation dating to the Early

67: 63: 59: 5079:

Cremation of Gandhi's body, JAMES MICHAELS, January 31, 1948

4035:"Planting With Cremains – Is There A Safe Way To Bury Ashes" 3863: 3404:"The Cremation Process Guide: What You Need To Know In 2017" 2734:"The Crematorium Temple in the Monumental Cemetery in Milan" 2147:

strongly discourages cremation of one's parents' corpses as

9198: 9159: 8639: 8495: 8425: 8345: 8217: 7730: 7325: 7315: 7217: 5178:, English Translation: HH Wilson (Translator), pages 39–40; 5052:"Selected Church Policies and Guidelines: 21.3.2 Cremation" 3717:

Davies, Douglas J.; Mates, Lewis H. (2005). "Cremulation".

3672: 3157:

Catholicism Today: A Survey of Catholic Belief and Practice

2347: 1998: 1914: 1488:

was also punished with excommunication in a 1300 decree of

1109: 865: 120:

container of ancient cremated human remains, complete with

71: 802:

The cremation occurs in a cremator, which is located at a

615:

in 1901. This small building, resembling the buildings at

210:

again becomes more common, but cremation persisted in the

8510: 8276: 8234: 7510: 5222:"Bioethics for clinicians: 21. Islamic bioethics. Case 1" 4686:"Piam et constantem – Over de crematie – RKDocumenten.nl" 4532:

Robert Pasnau, in the introduction to his translation of

4412:"Double burials in UK cemeteries to solve space shortage" 3543:"Choosing a final resting place – West Herts Crematorium" 3016: 1282:. In southern India, the ashes are immersed in the river 1212: 1133: 222:' burial describes cremation with subsequent burial in a 90: 5804: 3959:"Spirit Pieces Memorial Glass Orbs with Cremation Ashes" 3834: 3822:

The Scoop on Breasts: A Plastic Surgeon Busts the Myths,

3570:. Ministerium für Justiz, Gleichstellung und Integration 3495:"Melting down hips and knees: The afterlife of implants" 2960:. The Cremation Society of Great Britain. Archived from 1660:

faiths will not practice cremation. As one example, the

1635: 1075:

The box containing the body is placed in the retort and

1010:

used for identifying the ash after burning the dead body

7186: 4494: 4286: 4267:"A different way to die: the story of a natural burial" 3041: 472:

in 1876. Milan's "Crematorium Temple" was built in the

5202:

Wendy Doniger (1981), The Rig Veda, Penguin Classics,

5180:

Wendy Doniger (1981), The Rig Veda, Penguin Classics,

2769:

Encyclopedia of Cremation by Lewis H. Mates (p. 21-23)

2228:, to be served concurrently; he was also sentenced to 2159:

who do not cremate their dead due to Islamic beliefs.

1802:

above shows the body wrapped in saffron red on a pyre.

1176:) are sieved out and may be later interred in common, 758:, was cremated after his death in office in 1944. The 697:

At present there are four crematoria in operation at B

5639:

Muslim peoples: a world ethnographic survey, Volume 1

3786:"Cremation Association of North America – About CANA" 3753: 3735: 3716: 2914:"An Unceremonious Rite; Cremation of Mrs. Ben Pitman" 2001:

and his sons are burned, and their bones are buried.

1070:(Germany) Ash capsule and cinerary urn after 15 years 717:, showing the rough layout of the crematoria used at 468:

The first crematorium in the Western World opened in

437:

in 1873 and attracted great attention Meanwhile, Sir

5772:"In a Move Away From Tradition, Cremations Increase" 3239:"In a Move Away From Tradition, Cremations Increase" 3125: 1611:

noted that "burial is the result of a belief in the

4809:(276–301). New York: D. Appleton and Company. 1874. 4585:

Purified by Fire: A History of Cremation in America

4542:. trans. Pasnau. Hackett Publishing. p. xvii. 3622: 3470: 3468: 3356: 2842:. Rhondda Cynon Taf Library Service. Archived from 1183: 762:accepted the practice more slowly. In 1963, at the 523:, their plans were put on hold. In 1884, the Welsh 4881:Withrow, W.H. (1874). "Withrow on the Catacombs". 4870:. Cincinnati: Methodist Book Concern. p. 986. 4807:Appleton's Journal of Literature, Science, and Art 4587:. University of California Press. pp. 73–74. 4488: 3808:"Cremation & the Science of Memorial Diamonds" 2993:faith confided to her were she obliged to conform. 2937: 303:contains a reference to the emerging practice, in 5635: 5147:Living With Siva: Hinduism's Contemporary Culture 5060:. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 4439: 4437: 1838:practice cremation. The founder of Buddhism, the 1615:, while cremation anticipates its annihilation." 836:The chamber where the body is placed is called a 571:Switzerland (1889 in Zurich) and France (1889 in 291:(from c. 1900 BCE), considered the last phase of 131:, the remains of a partly cremated body found at 9441: 4856:Davies & Mates, "Westminster Abbey", p. 423. 3465: 3307:. Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong 3285:. Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong 3185:Klassens, Mirjam; Groote, Peter (January 2012). 2705:Alon Confino; Paul Betts; Dirk Schumann (2013). 1620:apostles, and so mighty in its influence on the 5739: 5737: 5527: 4897:"May we consider organ donation and cremation?" 4813: 4653: 4651: 3710: 3681: 3203: 2864: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2664: 2198: 1814:Cremation taking place at Pashupatinath Temple. 1673:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 600:windows and marble floors with frescoed walls. 536:that allowed the Cremation Society to proceed. 4434: 4186:International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 3266:"How is a Body Cremated? – Cremation Resource" 3184: 2650:A Quartercentury of Cremation in North America 2607: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2599: 1546: 975:, which generally is put into a cinerary urn. 647:used specially built furnaces in at least six 307:.15.14, where the forefathers "both cremated ( 162:practiced both cremation and burial. From the 54:or post-funeral rite and as an alternative to 7588: 7202: 5820: 5359:"SHAILOS & TSUVAS: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS" 3984:"Ashes and Cremation - FAQs and Myth Busting" 2777: 2775: 2575: 2548: 2474: 2431: 2429: 2350:Cremation Equipment Operator Training Program 1204:contained within a hard snap-top rectangular 1139: 986: 5800:The International Cremation Federation (ICF) 5734: 5427:The United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism 5088: 5086: 4648: 4111: 4097:. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p. 131. 3627:. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. p. 112. 3625:Dealing With Death: Practices and Procedures 3617: 3615: 3006:Vereniging voor Facultatieve Lijkverbranding 2738:In_Bo. Ricerche e Progetti per Il Territorio 2661: 1533:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 5745:"Crematory operator gets12 years in prison" 5510:"100. Cremation from the Jewish Standpoint" 5220:Daar, A. S.; Khitamy, A. (9 January 2001). 5219: 5039:Mormon Doctrine, A Compendium of the Gospel 4667: 4665: 4663: 4128:"5 Reasons Why You Should Choose Cremation" 3365: 3204:Nešpor, Zdeněk R.; Nešporová, Olga (2011). 2765: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2596: 2475:von Döllinger, Johann Joseph Ignaz (1841). 2095:Both burial and cremation are practiced by 1985:for the treatment of the body after death. 1897:is considered to be the holiest river, and 1668:Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1113:Bone-picking ceremony at a Japanese funeral 16:Burning of a dead body as a disposal method 7602: 7595: 7581: 7209: 7195: 5827: 5813: 5604: 5596:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5389:Judaism and Healing: Halakhic Perspectives 4819: 4618:. See also Davies & Mates, p. 107-108. 3754:Sublette, Kathleen; Flagg, Martin (1992). 3647:"Cremulator" is a trademark of DWF Europe. 3153: 3147: 3017:Groenendijk, Paul; Vollaard, Piet (2006). 2772: 2426: 2232:for 75 years following his incarceration. 1782:Cremation process at Pashupatinath temple. 7244:Native American use of fire in ecosystems 5849: 5610: 5565: 5450:A Guide to Jewish Mourning and Condolence 5237: 5127: 5125: 5123: 5083: 4445:"International Cremation Statistics 2019" 4234: 4232: 4230: 3612: 3221: 3083: 3065: 3051:. Indiana University Press. p. 199. 3035: 2549:Williams, Howard; Giles, Melanie (2016). 1928:or more, so that the cremation ceremony ( 1215:, stored in a special memorial building ( 1102:—essentially a high-capacity, high-speed 926:Learn how and when to remove this message 375:burial ground on Hanover Square in London 5571: 5145:Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami (2001). 4951:. Way of Life Literature. Archived from 4826:. Lutheran Publication Society. p. 4660: 4582: 4447:. The Cremation Society of Great Britain 4088: 4086: 3747: 3623:Green, Jennifer; Green, Michael (2006). 3326: 3324: 3322: 2756: 2731: 2555:. Oxford University Press. p. 295. 1993:The first reference to cremation in the 1932:) can occur on an auspicious day in the 1908: 1875:The Sun receive thine eye, the Wind thy 1553:Volume 6 of the American Lutheran Survey 1298: 1225:cremated remains into synthetic diamonds 1187: 1143: 1108: 937: 789: 708: 545: 478: 384: 263: 228: 112: 20: 7453:International Flame Research Foundation 5420: 5103: 4880: 4537: 4358:. Kodansha International. p. 335. 4176: 3880: 3741: 3590:"Containers for Cremation – aCremation" 3371: 3350: 2946: 2523: 2465:(Tempus Publishing, Stroud 2005), 1–62. 2193: 1438:common in modern reformist traditions. 1331: 1254:, preferably at one of the holy cities 9442: 5769: 5478: 5391:. KTAV Publishing House. p. 219. 5386: 5120: 4922:"Services of Death and Resurrection". 4865: 4336:. carbonneutral.com.au. Archived from 4264: 4227: 3820:Ted Eisenberg and Joyce K. Eisenberg, 3236: 2811: 2732:Boi, Annalisa; Celsi, Valeria (2015). 2680:The Cremation Society of Great Britain 1742:, 31 January 1948. It was attended by 509:the United Kingdom's first crematorium 8766: 8405: 7671: 7576: 7190: 6177:List of ways people dishonor the dead 5808: 5514:Central Conference of American Rabbis 5356: 4381: 4092: 4083: 4066:"(Don't) scatter my ashes on Snowdon" 4063: 3814: 3319: 2498: 2062:Central Conference of American Rabbis 1636:Eastern Orthodox and other opposition 1129:more identifiable human connection.) 8767: 7546: 5453:. Valley Beth Shalom. Archived from 5226:Canadian Medical Association Journal 5057:Handbook 2: Administering the Church 4924:The United Methodist Book of Worship 4498:Historical Dictionary of Lutheranism 4409: 4145: 3099: 2814:"Druid doc with a bee in his bonnet" 2682:. 1974. Introduction. Archived from 2646: 2501:Curious Tales of Old North Yorkshire 2348:Matthews Cremation Division (2006), 2326:This article incorporates text from 1766:and other national leaders. His son 1471:in origin or an insult to the body. 908:adding citations to reliable sources 879: 5423:"Cremation in the Jewish Tradition" 4157:National Cremation Research Council 4045:from the original on 8 October 2020 3721:. Ashgate Publishing. p. 152. 3048:Anatomy of the Auschwitz Death Camp 2789:. remembranceonline. Archived from 2246:List of countries by cremation rate 1913:Cremation of the dead by Hindus in 1559:clergy as a rule refuse" and that " 1336:Despite being an obvious source of 1211:Cremated remains can be kept in an 1148:Cremated ashes still in plastic bag 868:funerals, and is also customary in 746:List of countries by cremation rate 429:and Professor Ludovico Brunetti of 13: 6182:List of ways people honor the dead 5149:. Himalayan Academy. p. 750. 4985: 3760:. Pathfinder Publishing. pp. 3135:. Jewish Virtual Library.org. 2013 2526:How Christianity Changed the World 2481:. C. Dolman and T. Jomes. p. 1572:, George Henry Gerberding stated: 1486:boiling to remove flesh from bones 1421: 693:offers the following description. 504:Cremation Society of Great Britain 395:Cremation Society of Great Britain 14: 9476: 8719:Megalithic architectural elements 6213:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality 5793: 5535:"'Arson' at Tel Aviv crematorium" 5446: 4949:"CREMATION: What does God think?" 4946: 4820:Gerberding, George Henry (1902). 4386:. Tuttle Publishing. p. 73. 4064:Clark, Rhodri (26 January 2006). 3881:Roberts, Brian (10 August 2016). 3658:"Pulveriser for Cremated Remains" 2812:Harris, Tim (16 September 2002). 2103: 946:shaped vial and displayed inside 875: 844:and is lined with heat-resistant 785: 721:, one of the several Nazi German 578: 380: 183:entirely replaced by inhumation. 8406: 7556: 7545: 7535: 7534: 7170: 7161: 7160: 5770:Barron, James (10 August 2017). 5763: 5716: 5707: 5697: 5663: 5642:. Greenwood Press. p. 334. 5629: 5553: 5502: 5472: 5440: 5414: 5405: 5380: 5350: 5336: 5306: 5281: 5257: 5213: 5191: 5163: 5138: 5072: 5044: 5031: 5001: 4979: 4967: 4940: 4915: 4889: 4874: 4859: 4850: 4841: 4798: 4779: 4754: 4729: 4722:Catechism of the Catholic Church 4710:Code of Canon Law, canon 1176 §3 4703: 4678: 4289:Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 3864:"Eterneva – Diamonds from Ashes" 3237:Barron, James (10 August 2017). 2867:"26 March – This day in history" 2319: 1807: 1787: 1775: 1727: 1705: 1184:Retention or disposal of remains 1152:Cremated remains are mostly dry 1063: 1051: 1039: 1027: 1015: 999: 884: 754:, the most senior bishop in the 685:during the most deadly phase of 9338:Evolutionary origin of religion 7234:Control of fire by early humans 7171: 4986:Grabbe, Protopresbyter George. 4737:"LITURGICAL NORMS ON CREMATION" 4639: 4621: 4604: 4576: 4565: 4556: 4526: 4501:. Scarecrow Press. p. 48. 4459: 4403: 4375: 4347: 4323: 4280: 4258: 4177:Keijzer, Elisabeth (May 2017). 4170: 4120: 4057: 4027: 4001: 3976: 3951: 3925: 3900: 3874: 3856: 3800: 3778: 3650: 3641: 3582: 3560: 3535: 3513: 3487: 3444: 3422: 3396: 3297: 3272: 3258: 3230: 3197: 3178: 3154:Kohmescher, Matthew F. (1999). 3021:. 010 Publishers. p. 213. 3010: 2998: 2976: 2906: 2885: 2858: 2832: 2805: 2725: 2698: 2640: 2631: 2569: 2542: 2517: 2492: 2077: 2043:, who denied resurrection. The 1426: 895:needs additional citations for 778:(especially a factor after the 634: 492:Sir Henry Thompson, 1st Baronet 58:. In some countries, including 3111:The Gas Chamber at Sonnenstein 3072:Holocaust Timeline: The Camps. 2711:. Berghahn Books. p. 94. 2468: 2455: 2414: 2384: 2374: 2365: 2356: 2341: 2132:was cremated after his death. 1862:in section 10.16, as follows: 1441: 461:. The radical politician, Sir 340: 1: 8951:Art of the Middle Paleolithic 8481:British megalith architecture 6233:Maternal mortality in fiction 4331:"Funeral Industry Case Study" 4265:Herzog, Katie (29 May 2016). 4095:Dying, Death, and Bereavement 3430:"cremation process in the uk" 3378:. Upper Access, Inc. p. 3226:– via researchgate.com. 3193:– via researchgate.net. 2653:. Knight and Millet. p. 2503:. Sigma Leisure. p. 99. 2313: 1653:of the general resurrection. 1349:), while the newer method of 739: 705:amounts to about 6,000 daily. 9181: 8946:Art of the Upper Paleolithic 8486:Nordic megalith architecture 6147:Expressions related to death 6100:Medical declaration of death 5669: 4538:Aquinas, St. Thomas (2002). 4009:"Neutralize Cremation Ashes" 3908:"What is Cremation Jewelry?" 3684:Journal of Forensic Sciences 3452:"Code of Cremation Practice" 3357:Schacht, Charles A. (2004), 3089:Holocaust Research Project, 2463:Suffolk in Anglo-Saxon Times 2199:Tri-State Crematory incident 1609:Immortality and Resurrection 1598: 813:A cremator is an industrial 7: 6167:Preventable causes of death 5611:MacMorgan, Kaatryn (2001). 5411:Devarim (Deuteronomy) 21:23 4153:"Average Cost of Cremation" 4117:Sublette & Flagg, p. 53 2750:10.6092/issn.2036-1602/6076 2254: 2205:Tri-State Crematory scandal 2048:from the generally liberal 1904: 1692: 1662:Church of God (Restoration) 1547:Anglicanism and Lutheranism 1537:Order of Christian Funerals 1455:and Medieval veneration of 1274:immerse the remains in the 798:inside an electric cremator 353:. For example, the body of 268:An 1820 painting showing a 202:(from c. 1300 BCE). In the 10: 9481: 9094:British Isles and Brittany 9015:Gwion Gwion rock paintings 5636:Richard V. Weekes (1984). 5572:Buckland, Raymond (2003). 5479:Rothschild, Rabbi Walter. 4903:. United Merthodist Church 4786:"Many Minds of Many Men". 4673:"Mixing Ashes of the Dead" 4583:Prothero, Stephen (2002). 4540:Summa Theologiae 1a, 75–89 4410:Land, John (30 May 2006). 3842:"Scattering Ashes by boat" 3475:Code of Cremation Practice 3160:. Paulist Press. pp. 3019:Architectuurgids Nederland 2990:. The Encyclopedia Press. 2647:Cobb, John Storer (1901). 2528:. Zondervan. p. 261. 2524:Schmidt, Alvin J. (2004). 2423:The British Museum, London 2243: 2202: 2135: 1988: 1970: 1794:A Hindu cremation rite in 1696: 1430: 1294: 1140:Ash weight and composition 990: 987:Burning and ash collection 743: 455:Carl Friedrich von Siemens 166:in 3000 BCE until the Sub- 106: 102: 97: 9296: 9109: 8936: 8783: 8779: 8762: 8648: 8612: 8461: 8418: 8414: 8401: 8208: 8039: 8012: 7937: 7863: 7854: 7759: 7684: 7680: 7672: 7667: 7610: 7529: 7466: 7445: 7419: 7391: 7370: 7344: 7308: 7252: 7224: 7156: 6882: 6812: 6698: 6652: 6534:Consciousness after death 6514: 6457: 6402: 6344: 6293: 6282: 6275: 6190: 6127: 6021: 5842: 5834: 5670:Elliott, Mark C. (2001). 5576:. New York. p. 224. 5387:Bleich, J. David (2002). 4671:McNamara, Edward (2014). 4635:. The Encyclopedia Press. 4206:10.1007/s11367-016-1183-9 3719:Encyclopedia of Cremation 3133:"Crematorium at Majdanek" 3091:"The Vrba-Wetzler Report" 3045:; Yisrael Gutman (1998). 2421:Museum record 2007,3005.2 2012:to have lived as slaves. 1627:Since at least 1992, the 1433:Cremation in Christianity 1369:dioxide, which is more CO 1046:(Germany) The ash capsule 293:Indus Valley Civilisation 76:closed furnace (cremator) 50:Cremation may serve as a 7458:The Combustion Institute 7216: 6935:Personification of death 6157:People by cause of death 4866:Kelley, William (1898). 4805:"Contemporary Sayings". 4788:American Lutheran Survey 4093:Aiken, Lewis R. (2000). 4039:www.gardeningknowhow.com 2579:The Little Book of Death 2239: 2090: 1966: 1613:resurrection of the body 1590:—one of the most famous 562:in Germany and later in 25:An electric cremator in 9326:Evolutionary musicology 8729:Oldest extant buildings 8656:Archaeological features 8175:Prepared-core technique 7012:Death-positive movement 6857:Post-mortem photography 6137:Causes of death by rate 6065:Death by natural causes 5314:"Islamic Funeral Rites" 4382:Furse, Raymond (2002). 4309:10.1023/A:1005186919370 3963:Spirit Pieces Memorials 3107:"Kori Company (Berlin)" 2893:"The LeMoyne Crematory" 2613:"Typology: Crematorium" 2478:A History of the Church 2173: 1959:process to consume the 1629:United Methodist Church 507:in 1874." They founded 463:Charles Wentworth Dilke 447:regenerative preheating 439:Charles William Siemens 337:burial became general. 158:, embalmed their dead. 9288:Unchambered long cairn 9136:Mound Builders culture 8469:Neolithic architecture 7604:Prehistoric technology 7300:Spontaneous combustion 7047:Fascination with death 6685:Reincarnation research 6680:Out-of-body experience 6142:Notable deaths by year 5983:Immunogenic cell death 5899:Temporal lobe necrosis 5210:, see chapter on Death 5188:, see chapter on Death 4715:8 October 2014 at the 3933:"Solstice Glass - FAQ" 3824:Incompra Press, 2012, 3372:Carlson, Lisa (1997). 3077:8 January 2010 at the 2840:"Doctor William Price" 2576:Neil R Storey (2013). 2499:Peach, Howard (2003). 2392:"IMS-FORTH: About IMS" 1918: 1884: 1579: 1522:1983 Code of Canon Law 1340:, cremation does have 1308: 1286:at Paschima vahini in 1239:In some areas such as 1194: 1149: 1114: 955: 799: 764:Second Vatican Council 729: 707: 568:Francis Julius LeMoyne 555: 496:Physician to the Queen 488: 398: 277: 250: 170:era in 1200–1100 BCE, 124: 29: 8963:List of Stone Age art 8165:Microblade technology 8113:Langdale axe industry 7711:Ard / plough 6852:Post-mortem chemistry 6665:Near-death experience 6561:Desecration of graves 6497:Postmortem caloricity 6462:Beating heart cadaver 5906:Programmed cell death 5874:Liquefactive necrosis 5357:Schulweis, Harold M. 5198:Sukta XVIII – Rigveda 4633:Catholic Encyclopedia 4467:"Crypt Burial System" 4356:Japan Health Handbook 3359:Refractories Handbook 3223:10.51134/sod.2011.042 2988:Catholic Encyclopedia 2865:The History Channel. 2582:. The History Press. 2334:in the United States. 1912: 1864: 1574: 1529:episcopal conferences 1461:Roman Catholic saints 1413:, a space crisis led 1302: 1191: 1147: 1112: 1006:(Germany) A piece of 941: 829:, and, in Hong Kong, 793: 760:Roman Catholic Church 712: 695: 627:. It opened in 1925. 605:West Terrace Cemetery 590:Catholic Encyclopedia 549: 482: 388: 295:and beginning of the 267: 232: 194:and along the middle 190:(c. 2000 BCE) in the 164:Cycladic civilization 116: 107:Further information: 24: 9370:Prehistoric medicine 9365:Prehistoric counting 9348:Prehistoric religion 9343:Paleolithic religion 9321:Behavioral modernity 8678:Causewayed enclosure 8570:Abri de la Madeleine 7694:Neolithic Revolution 7042:Festival of the Dead 6940:Dying-and-rising god 6895:Chinese burial money 6784:Prohibition of dying 6736:Death-qualified jury 6502:Post-mortem interval 6162:Premature obituaries 5869:Coagulative necrosis 5289:"Cremation in Islam" 5265:"Cremation Services" 5171:ऋग्वेद: सूक्तं १०.१६ 4883:The Methodist Review 4868:The Methodist Review 4614:is available online 4422:on 26 September 2007 4384:Japan: An Invitation 4343:on 25 February 2014. 3480:9 April 2009 at the 2954:"Woking Crematorium" 2783:"Woking Crematorium" 2617:Architectural Review 2328:China revolutionized 2194:Recent controversies 1760:Rajkumari Amrit Kaur 1622:primitive Christians 1617:The Methodist Review 1586:Dean and Chapter of 1332:Environmental impact 904:improve this article 552:Undertaker's Journal 541:Jeanette Pickersgill 449:of fuel and air for 443:regenerative furnace 351:burning at the stake 78:, at a crematorium. 9409:Prehistoric warfare 8155:Magdalenian culture 8118:Levallois technique 8049:Earliest toolmaking 7102:Philosophy of death 6967:Death from laughter 6267:Perinatal mortality 6008:Mitotic catastrophe 5988:Ischemic cell death 5931:Intrinsic apoptosis 5879:Gangrenous necrosis 5365:on 23 February 2007 5176:Sukta XVI – Rigveda 5037:McConkie, Bruce R. 4823:The Lutheran Pastor 4301:2000WASP..117..313S 4198:2017IJLCA..22..715K 4041:. 30 October 2019. 3844:. FrenchBrothersLtd 3810:. 14 February 2020. 3408:Cremation Institute 3375:Caring for the Dead 3338:. 12 September 2018 2873:on 30 December 2006 2211:Tri-State Crematory 2050:Conservative Jewish 1718:of Manikarnika, at 1570:The Lutheran Pastor 1351:alkaline hydrolysis 723:extermination camps 715:Vrba–Wetzler report 691:Vrba–Wetzler report 649:extermination camps 474:Monumental Cemetery 109:Secondary cremation 9360:Origin of language 9353:Spiritual drug use 9263:Rectangular dolmen 9165:Dartmoor kistvaens 8978:Carved stone balls 8690:Circular enclosure 8649:Other architecture 8592:Alp pile dwellings 8180:Solutrean industry 8091:Gravettian culture 7741:Secondary products 7148:Thanatosensitivity 7052:Hierarchy of death 6992:Death notification 6900:Coins for the dead 6832:Forensic pathology 6716:Capital punishment 6670:Near-death studies 6262:Mortality salience 5894:Fibrinoid necrosis 5864:Avascular necrosis 5776:The New York Times 5487:on 10 October 2006 4955:on 24 January 2007 4885:. 26, 34, 56: 599. 4645:Prothero, p. 74-75 4572:1 Corinthians 6:19 3939:on 3 December 2013 3887:Huffingtonpost.com 3660:. 11 November 1986 3600:on 24 January 2022 3501:. 21 February 2012 3244:The New York Times 3043:Berenbaum, Michael 2925:. 16 February 1879 2922:The New York Times 2619:. 14 November 2016 2277:Cremation in Japan 1919: 1917:, Bali, Indonesia. 1490:Pope Boniface VIII 1353:(sometimes called 1309: 1195: 1154:calcium phosphates 1150: 1115: 956: 800: 730: 713:A sketch from the 682:Operation Reinhard 657:Auschwitz-Birkenau 556: 489: 441:had developed his 399: 391:Woking Crematorium 363:transubstantiation 311:) and uncremated ( 297:Vedic civilization 289:Cemetery H culture 278: 251: 212:Villanovan culture 125: 89:. This is not all 70:, cremation on an 30: 9437: 9436: 9433: 9432: 9429: 9428: 9382:Prehistoric music 9331:music archaeology 8988:Cup and ring mark 8813:Clothing/textiles 8758: 8757: 8754: 8753: 8397: 8396: 8393: 8392: 8200:Yubetsu technique 8185:Striking platform 8150:Lithic technology 8035: 8034: 8020:Game drive system 7939:Projectile points 7831:Mortar and pestle 7570: 7569: 7479:List of wildfires 7184: 7183: 6920:Death anniversary 6915:Death and culture 6759:Dying declaration 6741:Death certificate 6648: 6647: 6510: 6509: 6362:Neuropreservation 6152:Natural disasters 6123: 6122: 5751:. 1 February 2005 5447:Rabow, Jerome A. 5346:. 29 August 2022. 5019:on 3 October 2017 4610:The full text of 4132:Safe Passage Urns 4070:Walesonline.co.uk 4015:. 7 November 2020 4013:Simple Cremations 3912:Cherished Emblems 3830:978-0-9857249-3-1 3696:10.1520/JFS14141J 3547:Westhertscrem.org 3058:978-0-253-20884-2 2846:on 18 August 2018 2793:on 4 October 2009 2562:978-0-19-875353-7 2443:. 30 October 2015 2100:to plant a tree. 1680:Bruce R. McConkie 1646:Oriental Orthodox 1588:Westminster Abbey 1555:stated that "The 1511:Beginning in the 1206:plastic container 936: 935: 928: 838:cremation chamber 756:Church of England 704: 700: 621:Rookwood Cemetery 586:Westminster Abbey 521:Sir Richard Cross 435:Vienna Exposition 37:final disposition 9472: 9397:Divje Babe flute 9304:Archaeoastronomy 9047:Petrosomatoglyph 8781: 8780: 8764: 8763: 8613:Water management 8416: 8415: 8403: 8402: 8306:Denticulate tool 8128:Lithic reduction 7861: 7860: 7682: 7681: 7669: 7668: 7597: 7590: 7583: 7574: 7573: 7560: 7549: 7548: 7538: 7537: 7383:Death by burning 7345:Individual fires 7211: 7204: 7197: 7188: 7187: 7174: 7173: 7164: 7163: 7144: 7129:Assisted suicide 7027:Death trajectory 6842:Mortuary science 6837:Funeral director 6828: 6794:Suspicious death 6566:Eternal oblivion 6352:Cryopreservation 6291: 6290: 6280: 6279: 6218:Infant mortality 6208:Excess mortality 6110:Terminal illness 6095:Lazarus syndrome 6080:End-of-life care 6031:Accidental death 5884:Caseous necrosis 5847: 5846: 5829: 5822: 5815: 5806: 5805: 5787: 5786: 5784: 5782: 5767: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5741: 5732: 5731: 5730:. 28 March 2021. 5720: 5714: 5711: 5705: 5701: 5695: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5667: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5656: 5633: 5627: 5626: 5608: 5602: 5601: 5595: 5587: 5569: 5563: 5557: 5551: 5550: 5548: 5546: 5541:. 23 August 2007 5531: 5525: 5524: 5522: 5520: 5506: 5500: 5499: 5494: 5492: 5483:. Archived from 5476: 5470: 5469: 5464: 5462: 5457:on 22 April 2006 5444: 5438: 5437: 5433:on 28 May 2007. 5429:. Archived from 5418: 5412: 5409: 5403: 5402: 5384: 5378: 5377: 5372: 5370: 5361:. Archived from 5354: 5348: 5347: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5331: 5329: 5320:. Archived from 5310: 5304: 5303: 5301: 5299: 5285: 5279: 5278: 5273: 5271: 5261: 5255: 5254: 5241: 5217: 5211: 5195: 5189: 5167: 5161: 5160: 5142: 5136: 5129: 5118: 5107: 5101: 5090: 5081: 5076: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5048: 5042: 5035: 5029: 5028: 5026: 5024: 5015:. Archived from 5005: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4994: 4983: 4977: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4962: 4960: 4944: 4938: 4937: 4919: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4901:Ask The UMC-FAQs 4893: 4887: 4886: 4878: 4872: 4871: 4863: 4857: 4854: 4848: 4847:Prothero, p. 77. 4845: 4839: 4838: 4836: 4834: 4817: 4811: 4810: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4783: 4777: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4758: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4733: 4727: 4707: 4701: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4682: 4676: 4669: 4658: 4657:Prothero, p. 74. 4655: 4646: 4643: 4637: 4636: 4625: 4619: 4608: 4602: 4601: 4580: 4574: 4569: 4563: 4560: 4554: 4553: 4534:Summa Theologiae 4530: 4524: 4523: 4517: 4515: 4492: 4486: 4485: 4479: 4477: 4463: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4452: 4441: 4432: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4418:. Archived from 4407: 4401: 4400: 4379: 4373: 4372: 4351: 4345: 4344: 4342: 4335: 4327: 4321: 4320: 4295:(1–4): 313–327. 4284: 4278: 4277: 4275: 4273: 4262: 4256: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4236: 4225: 4224: 4222: 4220: 4183: 4174: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4149: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4124: 4118: 4115: 4109: 4108: 4090: 4081: 4080: 4078: 4076: 4061: 4055: 4054: 4052: 4050: 4031: 4025: 4024: 4022: 4020: 4005: 3999: 3998: 3996: 3994: 3988:Scattering Ashes 3980: 3974: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3955: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3935:. Archived from 3929: 3923: 3922: 3920: 3918: 3904: 3898: 3897: 3895: 3893: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3860: 3854: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3838: 3832: 3818: 3812: 3811: 3804: 3798: 3797: 3795: 3793: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3732: 3714: 3708: 3707: 3679: 3670: 3669: 3667: 3665: 3654: 3648: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3619: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3596:. Archived from 3586: 3580: 3579: 3577: 3575: 3564: 3558: 3557: 3555: 3553: 3539: 3533: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3508: 3506: 3491: 3485: 3472: 3463: 3462: 3460: 3458: 3448: 3442: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3426: 3420: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3369: 3363: 3362: 3354: 3348: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3328: 3317: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3301: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3284: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3262: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3225: 3201: 3195: 3194: 3182: 3176: 3175: 3151: 3145: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3103: 3097: 3087: 3081: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3014: 3008: 3002: 2996: 2995: 2980: 2974: 2973: 2971: 2969: 2964:on 3 August 2010 2950: 2944: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2918: 2910: 2904: 2903: 2901: 2899: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2880: 2878: 2869:. Archived from 2862: 2856: 2855: 2853: 2851: 2836: 2830: 2829: 2827: 2825: 2809: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2779: 2770: 2767: 2754: 2753: 2729: 2723: 2722: 2702: 2696: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2686:on 3 August 2010 2672: 2659: 2658: 2644: 2638: 2635: 2629: 2628: 2626: 2624: 2609: 2594: 2593: 2573: 2567: 2566: 2546: 2540: 2539: 2521: 2515: 2514: 2496: 2490: 2489: 2472: 2466: 2459: 2453: 2452: 2450: 2448: 2433: 2424: 2418: 2412: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2402:on 18 March 2013 2398:. Archived from 2388: 2382: 2378: 2372: 2369: 2363: 2360: 2354: 2353: 2345: 2323: 2322: 2307:Tissue digestion 2141:Neo-Confucianism 2114:Tower of Silence 1842:, was cremated. 1820:Indian religions 1811: 1791: 1779: 1752:Lady Mountbatten 1744:Jawaharlal Nehru 1731: 1709: 1642:Eastern Orthodox 1565:Bishop of London 1338:carbon emissions 1067: 1055: 1043: 1031: 1019: 1003: 931: 924: 920: 917: 911: 888: 880: 702: 698: 609:South Australian 494:, a surgeon and 412:anti-clericalism 373:cremated at the 315:)" are invoked. 200:Urnfield culture 142:, cremation, or 9480: 9479: 9475: 9474: 9473: 9471: 9470: 9469: 9440: 9439: 9438: 9425: 9292: 9278:Stone box grave 9248:Megalithic tomb 9153:Cotswold-Severn 9105: 9010:Guardian stones 8938:Prehistoric art 8932: 8775: 8750: 8739:Timber trackway 8644: 8608: 8604:Wattle and daub 8457: 8436:Standing stones 8410: 8389: 8204: 8031: 8008: 7933: 7850: 7760:Food processing 7755: 7704:New World crops 7676: 7663: 7606: 7601: 7571: 7566: 7525: 7462: 7441: 7415: 7387: 7366: 7340: 7304: 7290:Fire protection 7248: 7220: 7215: 7185: 7180: 7152: 7138: 7082:Museum of Death 7032:Dignified death 6987:Death messenger 6962:Death education 6878: 6822: 6808: 6746:Declared death 6694: 6644: 6601:Online mourning 6506: 6472:Cadaveric spasm 6453: 6398: 6340: 6331:Skeletonization 6271: 6203:Child mortality 6198:Birthday effect 6186: 6119: 6115:Unnatural death 6046:Brainstem death 6017: 5956:Pseudoapoptosis 5838: 5833: 5796: 5791: 5790: 5780: 5778: 5768: 5764: 5754: 5752: 5743: 5742: 5735: 5722: 5721: 5717: 5712: 5708: 5702: 5698: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5668: 5664: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5634: 5630: 5623: 5609: 5605: 5589: 5588: 5584: 5570: 5566: 5558: 5554: 5544: 5542: 5533: 5532: 5528: 5518: 5516: 5508: 5507: 5503: 5490: 5488: 5477: 5473: 5460: 5458: 5445: 5441: 5419: 5415: 5410: 5406: 5399: 5385: 5381: 5368: 5366: 5355: 5351: 5342: 5341: 5337: 5327: 5325: 5318:Islam.about.com 5312: 5311: 5307: 5297: 5295: 5287: 5286: 5282: 5269: 5267: 5263: 5262: 5258: 5218: 5214: 5201: 5196: 5192: 5179: 5174: 5168: 5164: 5157: 5143: 5139: 5130: 5121: 5108: 5104: 5091: 5084: 5077: 5073: 5063: 5061: 5050: 5049: 5045: 5036: 5032: 5022: 5020: 5013:Churchofgod.net 5007: 5006: 5002: 4992: 4990: 4984: 4980: 4972: 4968: 4958: 4956: 4945: 4941: 4934: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4906: 4904: 4895: 4894: 4890: 4879: 4875: 4864: 4860: 4855: 4851: 4846: 4842: 4832: 4830: 4818: 4814: 4804: 4803: 4799: 4785: 4784: 4780: 4770: 4768: 4760: 4759: 4755: 4745: 4743: 4735: 4734: 4730: 4717:Wayback Machine 4708: 4704: 4694: 4692: 4690:Rkdocumenten.nl 4684: 4683: 4679: 4670: 4661: 4656: 4649: 4644: 4640: 4627: 4626: 4622: 4609: 4605: 4595: 4581: 4577: 4570: 4566: 4561: 4557: 4550: 4531: 4527: 4513: 4511: 4509: 4493: 4489: 4475: 4473: 4465: 4464: 4460: 4450: 4448: 4443: 4442: 4435: 4425: 4423: 4408: 4404: 4394: 4380: 4376: 4366: 4352: 4348: 4340: 4333: 4329: 4328: 4324: 4285: 4281: 4271: 4269: 4263: 4259: 4249: 4247: 4238: 4237: 4228: 4218: 4216: 4181: 4175: 4171: 4161: 4159: 4151: 4150: 4146: 4136: 4134: 4126: 4125: 4121: 4116: 4112: 4105: 4091: 4084: 4074: 4072: 4062: 4058: 4048: 4046: 4033: 4032: 4028: 4018: 4016: 4007: 4006: 4002: 3992: 3990: 3982: 3981: 3977: 3967: 3965: 3957: 3956: 3952: 3942: 3940: 3931: 3930: 3926: 3916: 3914: 3906: 3905: 3901: 3891: 3889: 3879: 3875: 3862: 3861: 3857: 3847: 3845: 3840: 3839: 3835: 3819: 3815: 3806: 3805: 3801: 3791: 3789: 3784: 3783: 3779: 3772: 3752: 3748: 3740: 3736: 3729: 3715: 3711: 3680: 3673: 3663: 3661: 3656: 3655: 3651: 3646: 3642: 3635: 3620: 3613: 3603: 3601: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3573: 3571: 3566: 3565: 3561: 3551: 3549: 3541: 3540: 3536: 3526: 3524: 3523:. 3 August 2018 3519: 3518: 3514: 3504: 3502: 3493: 3492: 3488: 3482:Wayback Machine 3473: 3466: 3456: 3454: 3450: 3449: 3445: 3435: 3433: 3432:. 3 August 2018 3428: 3427: 3423: 3413: 3411: 3410:. 16 April 2017 3402: 3401: 3397: 3390: 3370: 3366: 3361:, Marcel Dekker 3355: 3351: 3341: 3339: 3330: 3329: 3320: 3310: 3308: 3303: 3302: 3298: 3288: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3249: 3247: 3235: 3231: 3202: 3198: 3183: 3179: 3172: 3152: 3148: 3138: 3136: 3131: 3130: 3126: 3116: 3114: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3088: 3084: 3079:Wayback Machine 3070: 3066: 3059: 3040: 3036: 3029: 3015: 3011: 3003: 2999: 2982: 2981: 2977: 2967: 2965: 2952: 2951: 2947: 2942: 2938: 2928: 2926: 2916: 2912: 2911: 2907: 2897: 2895: 2891: 2890: 2886: 2876: 2874: 2863: 2859: 2849: 2847: 2838: 2837: 2833: 2823: 2821: 2810: 2806: 2796: 2794: 2781: 2780: 2773: 2768: 2757: 2730: 2726: 2719: 2703: 2699: 2689: 2687: 2674: 2673: 2662: 2645: 2641: 2636: 2632: 2622: 2620: 2611: 2610: 2597: 2590: 2574: 2570: 2563: 2547: 2543: 2536: 2522: 2518: 2511: 2497: 2493: 2473: 2469: 2461:S.J. Plunkett, 2460: 2456: 2446: 2444: 2435: 2434: 2427: 2419: 2415: 2405: 2403: 2390: 2389: 2385: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2366: 2361: 2357: 2346: 2342: 2320: 2316: 2311: 2302:Self-immolation 2272:Burial in space 2257: 2248: 2242: 2207: 2201: 2196: 2183:or taken home. 2176: 2138: 2126:Freddie Mercury 2108:Traditionally, 2106: 2093: 2080: 2017:Modern Orthodox 1991: 1975: 1973:Islamic funeral 1969: 1907: 1883: 1880: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1868: 1815: 1812: 1803: 1792: 1783: 1780: 1771: 1732: 1723: 1710: 1701: 1695: 1687:temple garments 1670: 1638: 1601: 1549: 1494:Medieval Europe 1453:Roman catacombs 1444: 1435: 1429: 1424: 1422:Religious views 1391:dental fillings 1372: 1355:green cremation 1347:natural burials 1334: 1297: 1288:Srirangapattana 1186: 1142: 1071: 1068: 1059: 1056: 1047: 1044: 1035: 1032: 1023: 1020: 1011: 1004: 995: 989: 948:Wat Chedi Luang 932: 921: 915: 912: 901: 889: 878: 794:Cremation of a 788: 748: 742: 727:occupied Poland 653:occupied Poland 637: 581: 383: 343: 259:human sacrifice 214:and elsewhere. 192:Pannonian Plain 122:votive offering 111: 105: 100: 35:is a method of 17: 12: 11: 5: 9478: 9468: 9467: 9462: 9457: 9452: 9435: 9434: 9431: 9430: 9427: 9426: 9424: 9423: 9422: 9421: 9411: 9406: 9405: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9387:Alligator drum 9379: 9378: 9377: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9356: 9355: 9350: 9345: 9335: 9334: 9333: 9323: 9318: 9317: 9316: 9314:lunar calendar 9311: 9300: 9298: 9297:Other cultural 9294: 9293: 9291: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9270: 9265: 9260: 9255: 9250: 9245: 9244: 9243: 9238: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9217: 9216: 9211: 9201: 9196: 9195: 9194: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9168: 9167: 9157: 9156: 9155: 9145: 9144: 9143: 9133: 9132: 9131: 9126: 9115: 9113: 9107: 9106: 9104: 9103: 9101:Venus figurine 9098: 9097: 9096: 9091: 9081: 9076: 9071: 9070: 9069: 9064: 9054: 9049: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9032:Megalithic art 9029: 9028: 9027: 9022: 9012: 9007: 9002: 9001: 9000: 8990: 8985: 8983:Cave paintings 8980: 8975: 8970: 8965: 8960: 8959: 8958: 8948: 8942: 8940: 8934: 8933: 8931: 8930: 8929: 8928: 8923: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8902: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8866: 8861: 8860: 8859: 8849: 8848: 8847: 8842: 8832: 8827: 8822: 8821: 8820: 8810: 8805: 8800: 8795: 8789: 8787: 8785:Material goods 8777: 8776: 8760: 8759: 8756: 8755: 8752: 8751: 8749: 8748: 8747: 8746: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8716: 8715: 8714: 8704: 8699: 8698: 8697: 8687: 8686: 8685: 8675: 8674: 8673: 8663: 8658: 8652: 8650: 8646: 8645: 8643: 8642: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8622: 8616: 8614: 8610: 8609: 8607: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8595: 8594: 8584: 8579: 8578: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8541: 8540: 8530: 8525: 8520: 8519: 8518: 8508: 8503: 8501:Cliff dwelling 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8477: 8476: 8465: 8463: 8459: 8458: 8456: 8455: 8454: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8433: 8428: 8422: 8420: 8412: 8411: 8399: 8398: 8395: 8394: 8391: 8390: 8388: 8387: 8386: 8385: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8359: 8358: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8323: 8318: 8313: 8308: 8303: 8298: 8297: 8296: 8286: 8285: 8284: 8279: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8253: 8252: 8242: 8237: 8232: 8231: 8230: 8220: 8214: 8212: 8206: 8205: 8203: 8202: 8197: 8192: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8147: 8146: 8145: 8140: 8135: 8125: 8120: 8115: 8110: 8109: 8108: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8086:Fire hardening 8083: 8078: 8076:Clovis culture 8073: 8068: 8067: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8045: 8043: 8037: 8036: 8033: 8032: 8030: 8029: 8028: 8027: 8016: 8014: 8010: 8009: 8007: 8006: 8001: 7999:Manis Mastodon 7996: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7955: 7954: 7943: 7941: 7935: 7934: 7932: 7931: 7930: 7929: 7924: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7899: 7894: 7893: 7892: 7882: 7881: 7880: 7878:throwing stick 7870: 7864: 7858: 7852: 7851: 7849: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7817: 7816: 7811: 7801: 7796: 7791: 7786: 7785: 7784: 7774: 7769: 7763: 7761: 7757: 7756: 7754: 7753: 7748: 7743: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7708: 7707: 7706: 7701: 7690: 7688: 7678: 7677: 7665: 7664: 7662: 7661: 7656: 7655: 7654: 7644: 7643: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7611: 7608: 7607: 7600: 7599: 7592: 7585: 7577: 7568: 7567: 7565: 7564: 7553: 7542: 7530: 7527: 7526: 7524: 7523: 7518: 7516:Slash-and-burn 7513: 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7482: 7481: 7470: 7468: 7464: 7463: 7461: 7460: 7455: 7449: 7447: 7443: 7442: 7440: 7439: 7434: 7429: 7423: 7421: 7417: 7416: 7414: 7413: 7408: 7407: 7406: 7395: 7393: 7389: 7388: 7386: 7385: 7380: 7374: 7372: 7368: 7367: 7365: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7348: 7346: 7342: 7341: 7339: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7312: 7310: 7306: 7305: 7303: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7270:Dust explosion 7267: 7262: 7260:Chain reaction 7256: 7254: 7250: 7249: 7247: 7246: 7241: 7239:Historic fires 7236: 7230: 7228: 7222: 7221: 7214: 7213: 7206: 7199: 7191: 7182: 7181: 7179: 7178: 7168: 7157: 7154: 7153: 7151: 7150: 7145: 7133: 7132: 7131: 7121: 7120: 7119: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7069: 7064: 7059: 7054: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6989: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6948: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6890:Apparent death 6886: 6884: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6876: 6871: 6870: 6869: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6816: 6814: 6810: 6809: 6807: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6721:Cause of death 6718: 6713: 6711:Administration 6708: 6702: 6700: 6696: 6695: 6693: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6656: 6654: 6650: 6649: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6610: 6605: 6604: 6603: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6547: 6546: 6541: 6531: 6526: 6520: 6518: 6512: 6511: 6508: 6507: 6505: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6482:Death erection 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6458: 6455: 6454: 6452: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6425: 6424: 6419: 6417:Natural burial 6408: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6365: 6364: 6359: 6348: 6346: 6342: 6341: 6339: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6297: 6295: 6288: 6277: 6273: 6272: 6270: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6258: 6257: 6250:Mortality rate 6247: 6242: 6235: 6230: 6228:Maternal death 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6194: 6192: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6172:Unusual deaths 6169: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6133: 6131: 6125: 6124: 6121: 6120: 6118: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6105:Organ donation 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6061: 6060: 6053:Clinical death 6050: 6049: 6048: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5964: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5903: 5902: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5855: 5853: 5844: 5840: 5839: 5832: 5831: 5824: 5817: 5809: 5803: 5802: 5795: 5794:External links 5792: 5789: 5788: 5762: 5733: 5715: 5706: 5696: 5682: 5662: 5648: 5628: 5621: 5603: 5582: 5564: 5552: 5526: 5501: 5471: 5439: 5413: 5404: 5397: 5379: 5349: 5335: 5324:on 18 May 2008 5305: 5280: 5256: 5212: 5208:978-0140449891 5190: 5186:978-0140449891 5162: 5155: 5137: 5119: 5115:978-1898723608 5102: 5100:, pages 99–100 5098:978-0813540689 5082: 5071: 5043: 5030: 5000: 4978: 4966: 4947:Cloud, David. 4939: 4932: 4914: 4888: 4873: 4858: 4849: 4840: 4812: 4797: 4778: 4753: 4728: 4702: 4677: 4659: 4647: 4638: 4620: 4603: 4593: 4575: 4564: 4555: 4548: 4525: 4507: 4487: 4471:www.nea.gov.sg 4458: 4433: 4402: 4392: 4374: 4364: 4346: 4322: 4279: 4257: 4226: 4192:(5): 715–730. 4169: 4144: 4119: 4110: 4103: 4082: 4056: 4026: 4000: 3975: 3950: 3924: 3899: 3873: 3855: 3833: 3813: 3799: 3777: 3770: 3746: 3734: 3727: 3709: 3690:(3): 417–423. 3671: 3649: 3640: 3633: 3611: 3594:Acremation.com 3581: 3559: 3534: 3512: 3486: 3464: 3443: 3421: 3395: 3388: 3364: 3349: 3336:Cambridge News 3318: 3296: 3271: 3257: 3229: 3216:(4): 563–602. 3210:Soudobé dějiny 3196: 3177: 3170: 3146: 3124: 3098: 3082: 3064: 3057: 3034: 3027: 3009: 2997: 2975: 2945: 2936: 2905: 2884: 2857: 2831: 2804: 2771: 2755: 2724: 2717: 2697: 2660: 2639: 2630: 2595: 2588: 2568: 2561: 2541: 2534: 2516: 2509: 2491: 2467: 2454: 2425: 2413: 2383: 2373: 2364: 2355: 2339: 2338: 2337: 2336: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2244:Main article: 2241: 2238: 2203:Main article: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2175: 2172: 2137: 2134: 2110:Zoroastrianism 2105: 2104:Zoroastrianism 2102: 2092: 2089: 2079: 2076: 2058:Reform Judaism 1990: 1987: 1983:specific rites 1971:Main article: 1968: 1965: 1906: 1903: 1865: 1817: 1816: 1813: 1806: 1804: 1793: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1774: 1772: 1764:Sarojini Naidu 1736:Mahatma Gandhi 1733: 1726: 1724: 1711: 1704: 1694: 1691: 1669: 1666: 1637: 1634: 1600: 1597: 1548: 1545: 1482:Minucius Felix 1443: 1440: 1431:Main article: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1415:Harriet Harman 1370: 1333: 1330: 1296: 1293: 1280:Kiratpur Sahib 1270:in India. The 1256:Triveni Sangam 1185: 1182: 1141: 1138: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1014: 1012: 1005: 998: 988: 985: 934: 933: 892: 890: 883: 877: 876:Body container 874: 787: 786:Modern process 784: 780:2008 recession 752:William Temple 741: 738: 636: 633: 580: 579:Western spread 577: 517:Home Secretary 382: 381:Reintroduction 379: 359:Roman Catholic 342: 339: 272:procession in 255:fire sacrifice 218:'s account of 104: 101: 99: 96: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9477: 9466: 9463: 9461: 9458: 9456: 9455:Death customs 9453: 9451: 9448: 9447: 9445: 9420: 9417: 9416: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9384: 9383: 9380: 9376: 9373: 9372: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9340: 9339: 9336: 9332: 9329: 9328: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9306: 9305: 9302: 9301: 9299: 9295: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9273:Simple dolmen 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9258:Passage grave 9256: 9254: 9251: 9249: 9246: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9233: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9206: 9205: 9204:Gallery grave 9202: 9200: 9197: 9193: 9190: 9189: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9166: 9163: 9162: 9161: 9158: 9154: 9151: 9150: 9149: 9146: 9142: 9139: 9138: 9137: 9134: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9121: 9120: 9119:Burial mounds 9117: 9116: 9114: 9112: 9108: 9102: 9099: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9086: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9079:Statue menhir 9077: 9075: 9072: 9068: 9067:Stone carving 9065: 9063: 9060: 9059: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9017: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 8999: 8996: 8995: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8969: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8957: 8954: 8953: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8943: 8941: 8939: 8935: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8918: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8906:Sewing needle 8904: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8871: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8858: 8855: 8854: 8853: 8850: 8846: 8843: 8841: 8838: 8837: 8836: 8833: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8819: 8816: 8815: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8790: 8788: 8786: 8782: 8778: 8774: 8770: 8765: 8761: 8745: 8742: 8741: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8734:Timber circle 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8713: 8710: 8709: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8696: 8693: 8692: 8691: 8688: 8684: 8683:Tor enclosure 8681: 8680: 8679: 8676: 8672: 8671:fulacht fiadh 8669: 8668: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8653: 8651: 8647: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8617: 8615: 8611: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8593: 8590: 8589: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8562: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8539: 8536: 8535: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8517: 8514: 8513: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8475: 8472: 8471: 8470: 8467: 8466: 8464: 8460: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8438: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8423: 8421: 8417: 8413: 8409: 8404: 8400: 8384: 8381: 8380: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8357: 8354: 8353: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8312: 8309: 8307: 8304: 8302: 8299: 8295: 8292: 8291: 8290: 8287: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8274: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8251: 8248: 8247: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8229: 8226: 8225: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8215: 8213: 8211: 8207: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8144: 8141: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8130: 8129: 8126: 8124: 8121: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8111: 8107: 8104: 8103: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8051: 8050: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8042: 8038: 8026: 8023: 8022: 8021: 8018: 8017: 8015: 8011: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7953: 7950: 7949: 7948: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7940: 7936: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7907:spear-thrower 7905: 7904: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7891: 7888: 7887: 7886: 7885:Bow and arrow 7883: 7879: 7876: 7875: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7865: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7853: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7806: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7794:Grinding slab 7792: 7790: 7787: 7783: 7780: 7779: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7764: 7762: 7758: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7726:Domestication 7724: 7722: 7721:Digging stick 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7699:Founder crops 7697: 7696: 7695: 7692: 7691: 7689: 7687: 7683: 7679: 7675: 7670: 7666: 7660: 7657: 7653: 7650: 7649: 7648: 7645: 7641: 7640:New Stone Age 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7617: 7616: 7613: 7612: 7609: 7605: 7598: 7593: 7591: 7586: 7584: 7579: 7578: 7575: 7563: 7559: 7554: 7552: 7543: 7541: 7532: 7531: 7528: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7480: 7477: 7476: 7475: 7472: 7471: 7469: 7465: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7450: 7448: 7446:Organizations 7444: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7424: 7422: 7418: 7412: 7409: 7405: 7402: 7401: 7400: 7397: 7396: 7394: 7390: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7375: 7373: 7369: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7349: 7347: 7343: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7313: 7311: 7307: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7257: 7255: 7251: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7231: 7229: 7227: 7223: 7219: 7212: 7207: 7205: 7200: 7198: 7193: 7192: 7189: 7177: 7169: 7167: 7159: 7158: 7155: 7149: 7146: 7142: 7137: 7134: 7130: 7127: 7126: 7125: 7122: 7118: 7115: 7114: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7060: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6925:Death anxiety 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6910:Darwin Awards 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6887: 6885: 6881: 6875: 6872: 6868: 6867:Biostratinomy 6865: 6864: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6826: 6821: 6818: 6817: 6815: 6811: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6779:Necropolitics 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6749: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6697: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6651: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6615: 6614: 6613:Reincarnation 6611: 6609: 6606: 6602: 6599: 6598: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6536: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6521: 6519: 6517: 6516:Other aspects 6513: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6467:Body donation 6465: 6463: 6460: 6459: 6456: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6434:Dismemberment 6432: 6430: 6427: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6414: 6413: 6410: 6409: 6407: 6405: 6401: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6379:Mummification 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6354: 6353: 6350: 6349: 6347: 6343: 6337: 6336:Fossilization 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6326:Decomposition 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6301:Pallor mortis 6299: 6298: 6296: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6286: 6281: 6278: 6274: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6256: 6253: 6252: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6240: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6193: 6189: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6134: 6132: 6130: 6126: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6059: 6056: 6055: 6054: 6051: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6023: 6020: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5908: 5907: 5904: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5861: 5860: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5848: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5830: 5825: 5823: 5818: 5816: 5811: 5810: 5807: 5801: 5798: 5797: 5777: 5773: 5766: 5750: 5746: 5740: 5738: 5729: 5725: 5719: 5710: 5700: 5685: 5679: 5675: 5674: 5666: 5651: 5649:0-313-23392-6 5645: 5641: 5640: 5632: 5624: 5618: 5614: 5607: 5599: 5593: 5585: 5579: 5575: 5568: 5562: 5556: 5540: 5536: 5530: 5515: 5511: 5505: 5498: 5486: 5482: 5475: 5468: 5456: 5452: 5451: 5443: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5417: 5408: 5400: 5398:0-88125-741-9 5394: 5390: 5383: 5376: 5364: 5360: 5353: 5345: 5339: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5309: 5294: 5290: 5284: 5277: 5266: 5260: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5231: 5227: 5223: 5216: 5209: 5205: 5199: 5194: 5187: 5183: 5177: 5172: 5166: 5158: 5156:0-945497-98-9 5152: 5148: 5141: 5134: 5128: 5126: 5124: 5117:, pages 59–60 5116: 5112: 5106: 5099: 5095: 5089: 5087: 5080: 5075: 5059: 5058: 5053: 5047: 5040: 5034: 5018: 5014: 5010: 5004: 4989: 4982: 4976: 4970: 4954: 4950: 4943: 4935: 4933:0-687-03572-4 4929: 4925: 4918: 4902: 4898: 4892: 4884: 4877: 4869: 4862: 4853: 4844: 4829: 4825: 4824: 4816: 4808: 4801: 4793: 4789: 4782: 4767: 4763: 4757: 4742: 4738: 4732: 4725: 4723: 4718: 4714: 4711: 4706: 4691: 4687: 4681: 4674: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4654: 4652: 4642: 4634: 4630: 4624: 4617: 4616:from ccel.org 4613: 4607: 4600: 4596: 4594:0-520-23688-2 4590: 4586: 4579: 4573: 4568: 4559: 4551: 4549:0-87220-613-0 4545: 4541: 4535: 4529: 4522: 4510: 4508:9780810866201 4504: 4500: 4499: 4491: 4484: 4483:requirements. 4472: 4468: 4462: 4446: 4440: 4438: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4406: 4399: 4395: 4393:0-8048-3319-2 4389: 4385: 4378: 4371: 4367: 4365:4-7700-2356-1 4361: 4357: 4350: 4339: 4332: 4326: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4283: 4268: 4261: 4246:. 22 May 2017 4245: 4241: 4235: 4233: 4231: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4180: 4173: 4158: 4154: 4148: 4133: 4129: 4123: 4114: 4106: 4104:0-8058-3504-0 4100: 4096: 4089: 4087: 4071: 4067: 4060: 4044: 4040: 4036: 4030: 4014: 4010: 4004: 3989: 3985: 3979: 3964: 3960: 3954: 3938: 3934: 3928: 3913: 3909: 3903: 3888: 3884: 3877: 3869: 3865: 3859: 3843: 3837: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3817: 3809: 3803: 3787: 3781: 3773: 3771:0-934793-43-3 3767: 3763: 3759: 3758: 3750: 3744:, p. 80. 3743: 3738: 3730: 3728:0-7546-3773-5 3724: 3720: 3713: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3678: 3676: 3659: 3653: 3644: 3636: 3634:1-84310-381-8 3630: 3626: 3618: 3616: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3585: 3569: 3563: 3548: 3544: 3538: 3522: 3516: 3500: 3496: 3490: 3483: 3479: 3476: 3471: 3469: 3453: 3447: 3431: 3425: 3409: 3405: 3399: 3391: 3389:0-942679-21-0 3385: 3381: 3377: 3376: 3368: 3360: 3353: 3337: 3333: 3327: 3325: 3323: 3306: 3300: 3281: 3275: 3267: 3261: 3246: 3245: 3240: 3233: 3224: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3200: 3192: 3188: 3181: 3173: 3171:0-8091-3873-5 3167: 3163: 3159: 3158: 3150: 3134: 3128: 3112: 3108: 3102: 3096: 3092: 3086: 3080: 3076: 3073: 3068: 3060: 3054: 3050: 3049: 3044: 3038: 3030: 3028:90-6450-573-X 3024: 3020: 3013: 3007: 3001: 2994: 2989: 2985: 2979: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2949: 2940: 2924: 2923: 2915: 2909: 2894: 2888: 2872: 2868: 2861: 2845: 2841: 2835: 2819: 2818:theage.com.au 2815: 2808: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2778: 2776: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2728: 2720: 2718:9780857453846 2714: 2710: 2709: 2701: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2656: 2652: 2651: 2643: 2634: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2591: 2589:9780752492483 2585: 2581: 2580: 2572: 2564: 2558: 2554: 2553: 2545: 2537: 2535:0-310-26449-9 2531: 2527: 2520: 2512: 2510:1-85058-793-0 2506: 2502: 2495: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2479: 2471: 2464: 2458: 2442: 2438: 2432: 2430: 2422: 2417: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2387: 2377: 2368: 2359: 2351: 2344: 2340: 2335: 2333: 2332:public domain 2327: 2318: 2317: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2267:Burial at sea 2265: 2263: 2260: 2259: 2252: 2247: 2237: 2233: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2206: 2191: 2188: 2184: 2182: 2171: 2169: 2165: 2162:The minority 2160: 2158: 2152: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2133: 2131: 2128:of the group 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2101: 2098: 2088: 2085: 2075: 2072: 2066: 2063: 2059: 2053: 2051: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2013: 2011: 2006: 2002: 2000: 1996: 1986: 1984: 1980: 1974: 1964: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1916: 1911: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1889: 1882: 1878: 1863: 1861: 1857: 1856:five elements 1853: 1849: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1810: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1790: 1785: 1778: 1773: 1770:lit the pyre. 1769: 1768:Devdas Gandhi 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1734:Cremation of 1730: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1716: 1708: 1703: 1702: 1700: 1690: 1688: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1674: 1665: 1663: 1659: 1654: 1652: 1647: 1643: 1633: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1607:tract titled 1606: 1596: 1593: 1589: 1584: 1578: 1573: 1571: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1544: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1523: 1518: 1514: 1509: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1478: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1449: 1439: 1434: 1419: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1394: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1379: 1377: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1343: 1342:environmental 1339: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1319: 1318:cremation urn 1313: 1306: 1301: 1292: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1278:, usually at 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1250: 1244: 1242: 1238: 1233: 1229: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1200: 1190: 1181: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1155: 1146: 1137: 1135: 1130: 1127: 1123: 1118: 1111: 1107: 1105: 1101: 1095: 1093: 1088: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1066: 1061: 1054: 1049: 1042: 1037: 1030: 1025: 1018: 1013: 1009: 1002: 997: 996: 994: 984: 980: 976: 974: 968: 964: 962: 953: 949: 945: 940: 930: 927: 919: 909: 905: 899: 898: 893:This section 891: 887: 882: 881: 873: 871: 867: 863: 857: 855: 851: 847: 843: 839: 834: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 811: 809: 805: 797: 792: 783: 781: 775: 772: 768: 765: 761: 757: 753: 747: 737: 735: 734:Topf and Sons 728: 724: 720: 716: 711: 706: 694: 692: 688: 687:the Holocaust 684: 683: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 655:including at 654: 650: 646: 642: 635:World War II 632: 628: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 601: 597: 595: 591: 587: 576: 574: 573:Père Lachaise 569: 565: 561: 553: 548: 544: 542: 537: 535: 530: 529:William Price 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 505: 500: 497: 493: 486: 485:William Price 483:The trial of 481: 477: 475: 471: 466: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 419: 417: 413: 409: 405: 404:miasma theory 396: 392: 387: 378: 376: 371: 370:Thomas Browne 366: 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 338: 335: 331: 330:Roman Britain 326: 324: 319: 316: 314: 313:ánagnidagdha- 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 275: 271: 270:Hindu funeral 266: 262: 260: 256: 248: 244: 240: 236: 231: 227: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 184: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 152: 147: 145: 141: 136: 135:, Australia. 134: 130: 123: 119: 115: 110: 95: 92: 88: 84: 79: 77: 73: 72:open-air pyre 69: 65: 61: 57: 53: 48: 46: 42: 38: 34: 28: 23: 19: 9465:Incineration 9214:wedge-shaped 9199:Funeral pyre 9192:Great dolmen 9148:Chamber tomb 9129:Round barrow 9084:Stone circle 8956:Blombos Cave 8884:Grooved ware 8808:Chalcolithic 8712:Thornborough 8630:Flush toilet 8565:Blombos Cave 8560:Rock shelter 8516:Quiggly hole 8408:Architecture 8383:illustration 8025:Buffalo jump 7846:Storage pits 7809:Aşıklı Höyük 7799:Ground stone 7635:Subdivisions 7491:Firefighting 7432:Fire worship 7426: 7275:Fire ecology 7022:Death threat 6905:Dark tourism 6847:Necrobiology 6789:Right to die 6747: 6706:Abortion law 6630:Resurrection 6618:Palingenesis 6515: 6477:Coffin birth 6428: 6384:Plastination 6345:Preservation 6321:Putrefaction 6316:Rigor mortis 6311:Algor mortis 6306:Livor mortis 6283: 6239:Memento mori 6237: 6090:Lazarus sign 6070:Death rattle 6013:Suicide gene 5998:Karyorrhexis 5889:Fat necrosis 5779:. Retrieved 5775: 5765: 5753:. Retrieved 5748: 5728:Funeral Fide 5727: 5718: 5709: 5699: 5687:. Retrieved 5672: 5665: 5653:. Retrieved 5638: 5631: 5612: 5606: 5573: 5567: 5555: 5543:. Retrieved 5538: 5529: 5519:16 September 5517:. Retrieved 5504: 5496: 5489:. Retrieved 5485:the original 5474: 5466: 5459:. Retrieved 5455:the original 5449: 5442: 5434: 5431:the original 5426: 5416: 5407: 5388: 5382: 5374: 5367:. Retrieved 5363:the original 5352: 5338: 5326:. Retrieved 5322:the original 5317: 5308: 5296:. Retrieved 5293:Islamweb.net 5292: 5283: 5275: 5268:. Retrieved 5259: 5251: 5232:(1): 60–63. 5229: 5225: 5215: 5193: 5165: 5146: 5140: 5133:Sarah Tarlow 5105: 5074: 5062:. Retrieved 5056: 5046: 5038: 5033: 5021:. Retrieved 5017:the original 5012: 5003: 4991:. Retrieved 4981: 4969: 4957:. Retrieved 4953:the original 4942: 4923: 4917: 4905:. Retrieved 4900: 4891: 4882: 4876: 4867: 4861: 4852: 4843: 4831:. Retrieved 4822: 4815: 4806: 4800: 4791: 4787: 4781: 4769:. Retrieved 4765: 4756: 4744:. Retrieved 4740: 4731: 4721: 4705: 4693:. Retrieved 4689: 4680: 4641: 4632: 4623: 4611: 4606: 4598: 4584: 4578: 4567: 4558: 4539: 4533: 4528: 4519: 4512:. Retrieved 4497: 4490: 4481: 4474:. Retrieved 4470: 4461: 4449:. Retrieved 4424:. Retrieved 4420:the original 4415: 4405: 4397: 4383: 4377: 4369: 4355: 4349: 4338:the original 4325: 4292: 4288: 4282: 4270:. Retrieved 4260: 4248:. Retrieved 4243: 4217:. Retrieved 4189: 4185: 4172: 4160:. Retrieved 4156: 4147: 4135:. Retrieved 4131: 4122: 4113: 4094: 4073:. Retrieved 4069: 4059: 4047:. Retrieved 4038: 4029: 4017:. Retrieved 4012: 4003: 3991:. Retrieved 3987: 3978: 3966:. Retrieved 3962: 3953: 3941:. Retrieved 3937:the original 3927: 3915:. Retrieved 3911: 3902: 3890:. Retrieved 3886: 3876: 3867: 3858: 3846:. Retrieved 3836: 3821: 3816: 3802: 3790:. Retrieved 3780: 3756: 3749: 3742:Carlson 1997 3737: 3718: 3712: 3687: 3683: 3662:. Retrieved 3652: 3643: 3624: 3602:. Retrieved 3598:the original 3593: 3584: 3572:. Retrieved 3562: 3550:. Retrieved 3546: 3537: 3525:. Retrieved 3521:"cremulator" 3515: 3503:. Retrieved 3498: 3489: 3455:. Retrieved 3446: 3434:. Retrieved 3424: 3412:. Retrieved 3407: 3398: 3374: 3367: 3358: 3352: 3340:. Retrieved 3335: 3309:. Retrieved 3299: 3287:. Retrieved 3274: 3260: 3248:. Retrieved 3242: 3232: 3213: 3209: 3199: 3191:Final Places 3190: 3180: 3156: 3149: 3137:. Retrieved 3127: 3115:. Retrieved 3110: 3101: 3094: 3085: 3067: 3047: 3037: 3018: 3012: 3005: 3000: 2991: 2987: 2978: 2966:. Retrieved 2962:the original 2957: 2948: 2939: 2927:. Retrieved 2920: 2908: 2896:. Retrieved 2887: 2875:. Retrieved 2871:the original 2860: 2848:. Retrieved 2844:the original 2834: 2822:. Retrieved 2817: 2807: 2795:. Retrieved 2791:the original 2786: 2741: 2737: 2727: 2707: 2700: 2688:. Retrieved 2684:the original 2679: 2649: 2642: 2633: 2621:. Retrieved 2616: 2578: 2571: 2551: 2544: 2525: 2519: 2500: 2494: 2486: 2477: 2470: 2462: 2457: 2445:. Retrieved 2441:The Guardian 2440: 2416: 2404:. Retrieved 2400:the original 2396:Ims.forth.gr 2395: 2386: 2376: 2367: 2358: 2349: 2343: 2329: 2325: 2249: 2234: 2219: 2208: 2189: 2185: 2181:pet cemetery 2177: 2161: 2153: 2139: 2107: 2094: 2084:Baháʼí Faith 2081: 2078:Baháʼí Faith 2067: 2054: 2037:resurrection 2014: 2003: 1995:Hebrew Bible 1992: 1976: 1920: 1892: 1885: 1876: 1866: 1851: 1844: 1818: 1756:Maulana Azad 1712: 1684: 1671: 1655: 1639: 1626: 1616: 1608: 1602: 1580: 1575: 1569: 1552: 1550: 1541: 1536: 1526: 1510: 1475: 1473: 1445: 1436: 1427:Christianity 1395: 1383:formaldehyde 1380: 1367: 1358: 1354: 1335: 1326: 1322: 1314: 1310: 1245: 1234: 1230: 1210: 1199:polyethylene 1196: 1173: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1151: 1131: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1099: 1096: 1089: 1074: 981: 977: 972: 969: 965: 957: 922: 913: 902:Please help 897:verification 894: 858: 854:mineral wool 849: 841: 837: 835: 812: 807: 803: 801: 796:human corpse 776: 767:Pope Paul VI 749: 731: 696: 680: 645:Nazi Germany 641:World War II 638: 629: 602: 598: 582: 557: 551: 538: 502: 490: 467: 423:Paolo Gorini 420: 400: 367: 361:doctrine of 355:John Wycliff 344: 327: 323:Christianity 321:The rise of 320: 317: 312: 308: 279: 252: 246: 245:feathers, a 185: 148: 137: 126: 86: 82: 80: 49: 32: 31: 18: 9236:unchambered 9231:Long barrow 9221:Grave goods 9177:Court cairn 9172:Clava cairn 9124:Bowl barrow 9062:Rock cupule 9005:Golden hats 8998:Hill figure 8899:Unstan ware 8879:Cord-marked 8744:Sweet Track 8666:Burnt mound 8587:Stilt house 8575:Sibudu Cave 8368:Tally stick 8336:Quern-stone 8321:Hammerstone 8311:Fire plough 8282:Pesse canoe 8240:Bannerstone 8210:Other tools 8123:Lithic core 8071:Aurignacian 7959:Bare Island 7841:Quern-stone 7521:Fire making 7437:Terra preta 7411:Firefighter 7285:Flash point 7280:Fire piston 7139: [ 7097:Necrophobia 7092:Necrophilia 7062:Immortality 7017:Death squad 6997:Death panel 6982:Death march 6977:Death knell 6957:Death drive 6930:Death deity 6874:Thanatology 6823: [ 6769:Legal death 6748:in absentia 6726:Civil death 6571:Examination 6556:Crematorium 6439:Excarnation 6276:After death 6075:Dysthanasia 6041:Brain death 5973:Autoschizis 5951:Phenoptosis 5946:Parthanatos 5936:Necroptosis 5843:In medicine 5749:Nbcnews.com 5481:"Cremation" 5369:21 February 5328:15 February 5173:Wikisource; 4988:"Cremation" 4629:"Cremation" 3943:28 November 3848:12 December 3792:13 November 3664:12 November 3505:21 February 3414:17 November 3113:. ARC. 2005 2984:"Cremation" 2968:28 November 2877:20 February 2820:. Melbourne 2797:28 November 2352:, p. 1 2122:Zoroastrian 1513:Middle Ages 1442:Catholicism 1217:columbarium 1202:plastic bag 1178:consecrated 1170:scrap metal 1126:portmanteau 1077:incinerated 973:ash capsule 823:natural gas 804:crematorium 651:throughout 643:(1939–45), 611:capital of 594:Freemasonry 525:Neo-Druidic 416:Freemasonry 341:Middle Ages 334:Anglo-Saxon 309:agnidagdhá- 274:South India 160:Phoenicians 9444:Categories 9375:trepanning 9268:Ring cairn 9226:Jar burial 9209:transepted 9141:U.S. sites 9042:Petroglyph 8968:Bird stone 8926:wine press 8599:Stone roof 8582:Roundhouse 8474:long house 8451:Stonehenge 8419:Ceremonial 8363:Stone tool 8190:Tool stone 8160:Metallurgy 8064:Mousterian 8041:Toolmaking 7979:Cumberland 7952:Transverse 7922:Schöningen 7814:Qesem cave 7782:Earth oven 7736:Irrigation 7647:Technology 7615:Prehistory 7562:Wiktionary 7501:Fire whirl 7399:Pyromanias 7357:By country 7309:Components 7265:Combustion 7067:Last rites 7037:Extinction 7007:Death pose 7002:Death poem 6972:Death hoax 6952:Death camp 6945:Psychopomp 6820:Death tech 6675:Necromancy 6653:Paranormal 6635:Underworld 6487:Dissection 6449:Resomation 6444:Promession 6422:Sky burial 6389:Prosection 6374:Maceration 6085:Euthanasia 6003:Karyolysis 5961:Pyroptosis 5941:Paraptosis 5851:Cell death 5683:0804746842 5622:059520273X 5583:0806538651 5491:3 February 5461:3 February 5270:9 February 5169:Sanskrit: 4993:3 February 4959:3 February 4476:11 January 4416:24dash.com 4137:6 February 3968:4 December 3093:, part 2. 2898:27 October 2824:3 February 2690:2 December 2623:11 October 2314:References 2292:Resomation 2287:Promession 2166:and their 1697:See also: 1658:Anabaptist 1583:Protestant 1502:pestilence 1500:, after a 1465:sacraments 1403:cemeteries 1359:resomation 1307:, Finland. 1249:holy river 1235:Ashes are 1221:in the sea 1193:packaging. 1100:Cremulator 1092:Pacemakers 991:See also: 952:Chiang Mai 916:April 2018 846:refractory 744:See also: 740:Modern era 575:, Paris). 564:Heidelberg 451:combustion 408:secularism 208:inhumation 188:Bronze Age 133:Lake Mungo 129:Mungo Lady 9450:Cremation 9419:symbolism 9283:Tor cairn 9241:Grønsalen 9182:Cremation 9074:Sculpture 9052:Pictogram 9037:Petroform 8857:amber use 8825:Cosmetics 8635:Reservoir 8620:Check dam 8550:Pueblitos 8545:Pit-house 8528:Longhouse 8462:Dwellings 8331:Microlith 8262:Bow drill 8257:Bone tool 8250:prismatic 8059:Acheulean 7974:Cresswell 7947:Arrowhead 7873:Boomerang 7789:Granaries 7751:Terracing 7630:Stone Age 7506:Blue lava 7496:Firestorm 7486:Backdraft 7474:Wildfires 7427:Cremation 7295:Pyrolysis 7112:Sacrifice 7107:Predation 7072:Longevity 6862:Taphonomy 6799:Trust law 6754:Death row 6539:Afterlife 6492:Gibbeting 6429:Cremation 6394:Taxidermy 6369:Embalming 6245:Micromort 6191:Mortality 5968:Autolysis 5926:Autophagy 5921:Apoptosis 5781:14 August 5755:3 October 5592:cite book 5545:23 August 5539:BBC.co.uk 5298:3 October 5064:12 August 5023:3 October 4771:3 October 4766:Usccb.org 4746:3 October 4695:3 October 4250:4 January 4214:113516933 4075:3 October 3892:3 October 3604:3 October 3552:3 October 3342:4 January 3250:14 August 2447:4 January 2406:3 October 2230:probation 2226:Tennessee 2071:crematory 2041:Sadducees 1943:system (" 1605:Methodist 1599:Methodism 1561:Episcopal 1551:In 1917, 1376:composite 1312:quickly. 1260:Allahabad 1237:alkaline. 1174:gleanings 1081:vaporized 1008:fire clay 993:Ball mill 808:crematory 771:officiate 719:Auschwitz 677:Treblinka 534:precedent 328:In early 239:Ahuitzotl 220:Patroclus 168:Mycenaean 156:Herodotus 151:Neolithic 41:dead body 33:Cremation 9057:Rock art 9020:painting 8993:Geoglyph 8818:timeline 8798:Beadwork 8538:Mehrgarh 8533:Mudbrick 8441:megalith 8316:Fire-saw 8138:debitage 8133:analysis 8101:Hand axe 8081:Cupstone 7659:Glossary 7620:Timeline 7540:Category 7166:Category 7136:Thanabot 7087:Necronym 7057:Homicide 6608:Obituary 6596:Mourning 6586:Internet 6529:Cemetery 6404:Disposal 6357:Cryonics 6026:Abortion 5993:Pyknosis 5859:Necrosis 5689:10 March 5248:11202669 4833:22 April 4741:Ewtn.com 4713:Archived 4612:Octavius 4514:22 April 4317:93957180 4244:BBC News 4162:24 April 4049:9 August 4043:Archived 4019:9 August 3993:9 August 3917:14 April 3868:Eterneva 3527:3 August 3499:BBC News 3478:Archived 3457:3 August 3436:3 August 3139:22 April 3117:22 April 3075:Archived 2958:Internet 2787:Internet 2262:Antyesti 2255:See also 2149:unfilial 2021:Orthodox 1941:Calendar 1938:Javanese 1934:Balinese 1922:Balinese 1905:Balinese 1899:Varanasi 1852:Antyesti 1828:Buddhism 1824:Hinduism 1822:such as 1800:samskara 1722:, India. 1720:Varanasi 1713:Burning 1699:Antyesti 1693:Hinduism 1603:An 1898 1592:Anglican 1557:Lutheran 1520:current 1517:Holy See 1477:Octavius 1399:concrete 1305:Helsinki 1268:Haridwar 1264:Varanasi 1085:oxidized 831:coal gas 669:Majdanek 613:Adelaide 499:Victoria 281:Hinduism 237:emperor 204:Iron Age 176:Anatolia 144:exposure 87:cremains 43:through 9414:Symbols 9025:pigment 8911:Weaving 8874:Cardium 8869:Pottery 8864:Mirrors 8852:Jewelry 8793:Baskets 8773:culture 8625:Cistern 8431:Pyramid 8373:Weapons 8351:Scraper 8341:Racloir 8301:Cleaver 8289:Chopper 8195:Uniface 8106:Grooves 8096:Hafting 8054:Oldowan 8013:Systems 7964:Cascade 7927:woomera 7917:harpoon 7890:history 7856:Hunting 7836:Pottery 7777:Cooking 7686:Farming 7652:history 7625:Outline 7551:Commons 7420:Culture 7362:By year 7352:By type 7253:Science 7226:History 7176:Outline 7124:Suicide 6764:Inquest 6731:Coroner 6623:Saṃsāra 6591:Midwife 6576:Funeral 6551:Customs 6524:Carrion 6223:Karoshi 6036:Autopsy 5916:Anoikis 5655:28 June 4907:31 July 4719:; cf. 4675:, EWTN. 4451:15 June 4426:13 July 4297:Bibcode 4219:10 July 4194:Bibcode 3704:9144931 3311:5 April 3289:5 April 3162:178–179 3004:Dutch, 2929:7 March 2222:Georgia 2215:Georgia 2164:Jurchen 2136:Chinese 2124:singer 2097:Wiccans 2033:Halakha 2029:Hasidic 2005:Judaism 1989:Judaism 1979:Muslims 1860:Rigveda 1836:Sikhism 1832:Jainism 1740:Rajghat 1677:Apostle 1387:mercury 1378:board. 1363:mercury 1295:Reasons 1241:Snowdon 1104:blender 827:propane 815:furnace 703:IRKENAU 699:IRKENAU 673:Sobibor 661:Chełmno 639:During 607:in the 554:, 1889. 527:priest 459:Dresden 347:Heathen 301:Rigveda 285:Jainism 247:copilli 243:quetzal 224:tumulus 103:Ancient 98:History 52:funeral 45:burning 27:Austria 9392:flutes 9187:Dolmen 9111:Burial 8921:winery 8894:Linear 8724:Midden 8702:Cursus 8695:Goseck 8555:Pueblo 8506:Dugout 8491:Burdei 8170:Mining 7994:Lamoka 7989:Folsom 7969:Clovis 7826:Metate 7804:Hearth 7772:Basket 7746:Sickle 7555: 7544: 7533: 7392:People 7321:Oxygen 7077:Martyr 6813:Fields 6774:Murder 6690:Séance 6660:Ghosts 6544:Tukdam 6412:Burial 6294:Stages 5978:Eschar 5680: 5646: 5619: 5580: 5395: 5246: 5236: 5206: 5184: 5153: 5113: 5096: 5041:, 1958 4930: 4724:, 2301 4591: 4546: 4505: 4390: 4362: 4315: 4272:29 May 4212: 4101: 3828: 3788:. 2008 3768: 3725: 3702: 3631: 3574:6 July 3386: 3168: 3055: 3025: 2850:1 June 2715: 2586: 2559: 2532: 2507: 2381:47–65. 2324: 2168:Manchu 2145:Zhu Xi 2143:under 2045:Tanakh 2027:, and 2025:Haredi 1961:fluids 1953:Prince 1930:Ngaben 1895:Ganges 1888:Mrityu 1840:Buddha 1834:, and 1798:. The 1506:famine 1498:battle 1457:relics 1411:London 1284:Kaveri 1276:Sutlej 1252:Ganges 1228:orbs. 961:coffin 842:retort 665:Belzec 625:Sydney 617:Woking 513:Woking 299:. The 196:Danube 180:Rome's 172:Greeks 140:burial 118:Bronze 66:, and 56:burial 9309:sites 9253:Mummy 8973:Cairn 8889:Jōmon 8840:shoes 8835:Hides 8707:Henge 8661:Broch 8523:Jacal 8378:Wheel 8326:Knife 8272:Canoe 8267:Burin 8245:Blade 8143:flake 8004:Plano 7912:baton 7902:Spear 7868:Arrow 7821:Manos 7674:Tools 7467:Other 7404:Child 7378:Arson 7371:Crime 7336:Smoke 7331:Flame 7143:] 7117:human 6883:Other 6827:] 6699:Legal 6640:Vigil 6581:Grief 6129:Lists 5836:Death 5704:2013. 5239:80636 4341:(PDF) 4334:(PDF) 4313:S2CID 4210:S2CID 4182:(PDF) 3283:(PDF) 2917:(PDF) 2744:(8). 2282:Death 2240:Rates 2130:Queen 2118:Parsi 2091:Wicca 2010:Torah 1977:Most 1967:Islam 1957:decay 1949:noble 1926:month 1877:Prana 1848:Atman 1796:Nepal 1715:ghats 1651:dogma 1581:Some 1469:pagan 1448:Roman 1407:Tokyo 1389:from 1272:Sikhs 1266:, or 1122:ashes 944:chedi 870:Japan 862:Hindu 623:, in 560:Gotha 470:Milan 431:Padua 305:RV 10 235:Aztec 216:Homer 83:ashes 68:Syria 64:Nepal 60:India 39:of a 9460:Fire 9402:gudi 9160:Cist 9089:list 8916:Wine 8845:Ötzi 8830:Glue 8803:Beds 8771:and 8769:Arts 8640:Well 8496:Cave 8426:Kiva 8356:side 8346:Rope 8294:tool 8228:bone 8218:Adze 7984:Eden 7897:Nets 7767:Fire 7731:Goad 7716:Celt 7326:Heat 7316:Fuel 7218:Fire 6804:Will 6285:Body 6255:RAMR 5911:AICD 5783:2017 5757:2017 5691:2014 5678:ISBN 5657:2010 5644:ISBN 5617:ISBN 5598:link 5578:ISBN 5547:2007 5521:2023 5493:2007 5463:2006 5393:ISBN 5371:2007 5330:2011 5300:2017 5272:2019 5244:PMID 5204:ISBN 5182:ISBN 5151:ISBN 5111:ISBN 5094:ISBN 5066:2014 5025:2017 4995:2007 4961:2007 4928:ISBN 4909:2023 4835:2014 4773:2017 4748:2017 4697:2017 4589:ISBN 4544:ISBN 4516:2014 4503:ISBN 4478:2023 4453:2024 4428:2007 4388:ISBN 4360:ISBN 4274:2016 4252:2020 4221:2021 4164:2016 4139:2018 4099:ISBN 4077:2017 4051:2021 4021:2021 3995:2021 3970:2015 3945:2013 3919:2021 3894:2017 3850:2013 3826:ISBN 3794:2008 3766:ISBN 3723:ISBN 3700:PMID 3666:2008 3629:ISBN 3606:2017 3576:2011 3554:2017 3529:2018 3507:2012 3459:2018 3438:2018 3416:2017 3384:ISBN 3344:2020 3313:2011 3291:2011 3252:2017 3166:ISBN 3141:2013 3119:2013 3053:ISBN 3023:ISBN 2970:2010 2931:2009 2900:2014 2879:2007 2852:2012 2826:2007 2799:2010 2713:ISBN 2692:2010 2625:2019 2584:ISBN 2557:ISBN 2530:ISBN 2505:ISBN 2449:2020 2408:2017 2297:Sati 2224:and 2174:Pets 2082:The 1999:Saul 1945:Saka 1915:Ubud 1750:and 1748:Lord 1644:and 1083:and 866:Jain 864:and 850:e.g. 675:and 427:Lodi 414:and 389:The 283:and 233:The 8511:Hut 8446:row 8277:Oar 8235:Axe 8223:Awl 7511:Ash 6058:DOA 5234:PMC 5230:164 4828:363 4305:doi 4293:117 4202:doi 3692:doi 3218:doi 2746:doi 2655:150 2157:Hui 1738:at 1504:or 1480:of 1459:of 1357:or 1213:urn 1134:urn 950:in 906:by 840:or 819:oil 806:or 725:in 511:in 425:of 257:or 91:ash 85:or 9446:: 7141:ca 6825:pt 5774:. 5747:. 5736:^ 5726:. 5594:}} 5590:{{ 5537:. 5512:. 5495:. 5465:. 5425:. 5373:. 5316:. 5291:. 5274:. 5250:. 5242:. 5228:. 5224:. 5122:^ 5085:^ 5054:. 5011:. 4899:. 4790:. 4764:. 4739:. 4688:. 4662:^ 4650:^ 4631:. 4597:. 4518:. 4480:. 4469:. 4436:^ 4414:. 4396:. 4368:. 4311:. 4303:. 4291:. 4242:. 4229:^ 4208:. 4200:. 4190:22 4188:. 4184:. 4155:. 4130:. 4085:^ 4068:. 4037:. 4011:. 3986:. 3961:. 3910:. 3885:. 3866:. 3764:. 3762:52 3698:. 3688:42 3686:. 3674:^ 3614:^ 3592:. 3545:. 3497:. 3467:^ 3406:. 3382:. 3380:78 3334:. 3321:^ 3241:. 3214:18 3212:. 3208:. 3189:. 3164:. 3109:. 2986:. 2956:. 2919:. 2816:. 2785:. 2774:^ 2758:^ 2740:. 2736:. 2678:. 2663:^ 2615:. 2598:^ 2485:. 2439:. 2428:^ 2394:. 2023:, 2019:, 1830:, 1826:, 1762:, 1758:, 1754:, 1746:, 1539:. 1320:. 1262:, 1258:, 872:. 852:, 825:, 821:, 671:, 667:, 663:, 659:, 519:, 377:. 365:. 261:. 206:, 62:, 47:. 7596:e 7589:t 7582:v 7210:e 7203:t 7196:v 5828:e 5821:t 5814:v 5785:. 5759:. 5693:. 5659:. 5625:. 5600:) 5586:. 5549:. 5523:. 5401:. 5332:. 5302:. 5159:. 5068:. 5027:. 4997:. 4963:. 4936:. 4911:. 4837:. 4792:6 4775:. 4750:. 4726:. 4699:. 4552:. 4455:. 4430:. 4319:. 4307:: 4299:: 4276:. 4254:. 4223:. 4204:: 4196:: 4166:. 4141:. 4107:. 4079:. 4053:. 4023:. 3997:. 3972:. 3947:. 3921:. 3896:. 3870:. 3852:. 3796:. 3774:. 3731:. 3706:. 3694:: 3668:. 3637:. 3608:. 3578:. 3556:. 3531:. 3509:. 3461:. 3440:. 3418:. 3392:. 3346:. 3315:. 3293:. 3268:. 3254:. 3220:: 3174:. 3143:. 3121:. 3061:. 3031:. 2972:. 2933:. 2902:. 2881:. 2854:. 2828:. 2801:. 2752:. 2748:: 2742:6 2721:. 2694:. 2657:. 2627:. 2592:. 2565:. 2538:. 2513:. 2483:9 2451:. 2410:. 2120:- 1936:- 1846:( 1371:2 959:( 954:. 929:) 923:( 918:) 914:( 900:. 397:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index