2477:
418:
327:
296:
1009:
129:
2127:
276:
385:
342:
1249:
1371:
404:
244:
2117:
1177:
1609:
260:
2059:
1319:
1444:
1641:
1729:
2179:
1809:
1719:
1699:
1539:
1464:
1361:
2389:
2051:
1127:
1799:
1679:
1849:
1661:
1414:
2609:
1039:
2041:
1991:
2497:
1907:
2189:
2645:
2209:
2107:
1621:
1049:
1384:
2549:
1454:
1394:
1289:
1789:
2589:
2147:
1029:
2457:
1709:
1519:
1239:
1209:
1197:
1157:
1299:
1117:
2097:
1933:
1839:
1689:
1341:
1147:
1099:
2599:
2199:
2579:
2229:
1651:
1631:
1529:
1331:
1281:
1187:
1019:
1671:
1961:
1589:
2001:
1579:
1474:
1404:
1309:
1069:
2169:
2569:
2399:
2021:
2409:
1599:
362:
24:
2559:
2529:
2137:
1879:
1869:
1889:
2157:
1739:
1779:
1759:
2379:
2539:
1943:
1859:
2369:
1953:
1569:
1549:
1351:
1484:
615:
2517:
2447:
2077:
1923:
1819:
2633:
311:
1971:
2437:
1261:
1769:
1981:
1749:
1424:
1271:
1137:
2219:
2087:
1494:
1089:
1434:
2067:
2011:
1829:
1559:
1509:
1219:
1229:
1167:
1079:
913:
2031:
2507:
2467:
1059:
1109:
2487:
692:
384:
361:
243:
275:
156:
A red cross on a white field is a common design for a
Christian cross. The cross is the symbol of the crucifixion, the white color symbolizing purity, and the red color symbolizes the
621:
2476:
326:
202:
The three fleurs-de-lis represent the "honor without stain," which is in reference to the character of the
Apostles. The sword is said to represent both the manner of his
295:
423:
684:
589:
559:
259:
766:
2612:
417:
310:
512:
117:. The design combines a cross fitchy or fitchée, one whose lower limb comes to a point, with either a cross fleury, the arms of which end in
984:
368:
735:
196:
169:
529:
796:
917:
882:
2617:
581:
650:
555:
861:
827:
760:
469:
341:
317:
977:
403:
2675:
2044:
1832:
750:
210:. In Spain, the cross is also related to James' role at the mythical battle, wherein the saint appeared to
1180:
428:
2680:
70:. Its most common version is a red cross resembling a sword, with the hilt and the arm in the shape of a
136:
Since the early part of the 20th century, the cross has been used as a decorative element on the almond
2670:
1792:
1467:
970:
281:
Waymark of the Way of St. James (white shell, red cross) in the city center of Zittau, Saxony, Germany.
1612:
1896:
1692:
1302:
993:
713:
2126:
685:"Historical background on the three Portuguese Military Orders of Christ, of Avis and of Santiago"
2182:
2160:
1762:
1042:
183:, a religious and military order, was founded in the 12th century to protect the pilgrims on the
2685:
2521:
2450:
2172:
1852:
1702:
1008:
489:
459:
2562:
2192:
1822:
1572:
1252:
626:
1248:
874:
Szlak
Francuski Do Santiago De Compostella. Przewodnik Merytoryczny. Wydawnictwo Bernardinum
556:"COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 510/2006 'TARTA DE SANTIAGO' EC No: ES-PGI-0005-0616-03.07.2007"
1994:
1882:
1872:
1802:
1417:
1052:
943:
409:
211:
2116:
729:
8:
2637:
2261:
1862:
1782:
1742:
1732:
1176:
1150:
266:
250:
59:
2202:
2140:
1370:
2323:
2256:
2014:
1812:
1032:
184:
2058:
1318:
195:. Knights of the order wore the cross stamped on their standards and white capes. The
2542:
2532:
2480:
2110:
2100:
1974:
1964:
1624:
1608:
1552:
1447:
1443:
1160:
1130:
878:
857:
823:
756:
646:
465:
391:
207:
192:
180:
165:
141:
110:
82:
1728:
924:
789:"Saint James the Greater at the Battle of Clavijo|Blanton Museum of Art Collections"
530:"Tarta o torta di Santiago, l'antico dolce dei pellegrini di Santiago di Compostela"
2608:
2388:
2212:
2050:
1487:
1170:
1012:
788:
499:
is a red sword, formed at the hilt like a cross flory and charged with an escallop.
1848:
1660:
532:[Tart or cake of Santiago, the historic sweet of the Way of Saint James].
2318:
2130:
2034:
1640:
1502:
1457:
1397:
1364:
1292:
1140:
1120:
872:
851:
667:
219:
173:
157:
146:
128:
78:
2178:
2040:
1808:
1718:
1698:
1602:
1538:
1463:
1360:
161:
2644:
2496:
2328:
2308:
2303:
2293:
2251:
2246:
2188:
2120:
1926:
1798:
1712:
1664:
1522:
1427:
1274:
1242:
1126:
1062:
1022:
847:
434:
150:
55:
2572:
1413:
2664:
2345:
2298:
2222:
2150:
2090:
1842:
1678:
1644:
1592:
1562:
1497:
1387:
1344:
1232:
1102:
1092:
1038:
897:
2588:
1990:
1788:
1028:
2402:
2340:
2313:
2288:
2283:
2266:
2208:
2106:
2080:
2004:
1682:
1654:
1620:
1542:
1532:
1512:
1334:
1322:
1312:
1298:
1222:
1200:
1190:
1116:
1048:
395:
215:
122:
118:
71:
67:
63:
2598:
2198:
1383:
2649:
2548:
2382:
2355:
2271:
1960:
1752:
1670:
1634:
1588:
1582:
1477:
1453:
1407:
1393:
1288:
1082:
1072:
925:"Galician Christian Crosses: Saint James' Cross, Patron Saint of Galicia"
725:
2568:
2456:
2398:
2168:
2146:
2020:
1708:
1518:
1238:
1212:
1208:
1196:
1156:
2602:
2558:
2528:
2510:
2412:
2278:
2136:
2096:
1936:
1932:
1878:
1868:
1838:
1688:
1437:
1374:
1340:
1146:
1098:
333:
149:
dessert made from ground almonds, the top of the pie is decorated with
2578:
2500:
2228:
2156:
1778:
1758:
1738:
1650:
1630:
1528:
1330:
1280:
1186:
1018:
164:
top, over a field of white was the emblem of the 12th-century
Spanish
153:, masked by an imprint of the cross which gives the dessert its name.
2582:
2538:
2516:
2070:
2000:
1942:
1892:
1858:
1578:
1473:
1403:
1308:
1068:
249:
A pavement marker indicates the route of the Way of St James through
51:
2408:
1952:
1598:
1568:
1548:
491:
Encyclopaedia
Heraldica Or Complete Dictionary of Heraldry, Volume 1
302:
2592:
2552:
2470:
2446:
2076:
2024:
1946:
1922:
1888:
1818:
1483:
1264:
348:
98:
2378:
1970:
1260:
2632:
2490:
2460:
2392:
2372:
2368:
2359:
1980:
1828:
1768:
1748:
1722:
1423:
1270:
1136:
23:
2218:
2086:
1493:
1350:
1228:
1088:
2066:
2010:
1984:
1558:
1508:
1433:
1354:
1218:
912:
669:
The Rule of the
Spanish Military Order of St. James – 1170–1493
390:
17th century painting of Saint James, wearing the habit of the
203:
137:
2436:
1166:
1078:
2506:
2030:
332:
St. James Cross on the entry gates to a student residence in
288:
223:
188:
114:
86:
2466:
2440:
2335:
1108:
1058:
2486:
962:
514:
Heraldry, Ancient and Modern: Including
Boutell's Heraldry
206:, as he was beheaded with a sword, and James' role in the
2419:
2416:
752:
The Lore of the Camino de
Santiago: A Literary Pilgrimage
199:
in
Portugal also use the symbol as part of its insignia.
301:
Cross on the façade of
Iglesia de Santiago ApĂłstol, in
160:. A red Cross of Saint James, with flourished arms and
856:(in German). Leipzig: VEB Bibliographisches Institut.
27:
Cross of Saint James as used by the Order of Santiago
461:
Dictionary of Architecture and Building Construction
378:
with the cross embroidered on the side of his jacket
265:
St James pilgrim accessories (Note the cross on the
125:where the ends of the arms are forked and rounded.
822:. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. 236–237.
820:Early Medieval Spain: Unity in Diversity, 400–1000
2662:
2613:Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross
748:
742:
582:"THE CROSS OF SANTIAGO: ITS ORIGIN AND MEANING"
521:
457:
665:
510:
222:for help leading the army to victory over the
978:
896:(in Portuguese) (IV ed.). Porto Alegre:
944:"The symbolic power of the Way of St. James"
494:. Sherwood, Gilbert and Piper. p. 177.
89:. It is used throughout Spain and Portugal.
287:Examples of the cross displayed throughout
985:
971:
682:
676:
619:
574:
558:. Official Journal of the European Union.
458:Davies, Nikolas; Jokiniemi, Erkki (2012).
197:Military Order of Saint James of the Sword
170:Military Order of Saint James of the Sword
734:. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans. p.
81:and the account of his appearance at the
683:Trigueiros, AntĂłnio M. (June 20, 2022).
645:. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. p. 10.
511:Boutell, Charles; Aveling, S.T. (1890).
453:
451:
187:, and to defend Christendom against the
127:
22:
817:
811:
643:Spain:A Partible Inheritance, 1157–1300
640:
527:
483:
481:
235:Examples of the cross displayed on the
2663:
891:
846:
689:Tallinn Museum of Orders of Knighthood
634:
548:
966:
724:
487:
448:
394:. Painting by unknown artist of the
92:
2618:List of tallest crosses in the world
630:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
609:
607:
562:from the original on August 31, 2022
478:
214:after the king prayed to him as the
870:
528:Bilotta, Carmen (October 2, 2017).
318:Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
13:
840:
731:Commentary on the Book of the Acts
695:from the original on July 19, 2023
622:Order of Saint James of Compostela
620:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
592:from the original on July 19, 2023
14:
2697:
905:
799:from the original on May 16, 2023
769:from the original on May 16, 2023
604:
2643:
2631:
2607:
2597:
2587:
2577:
2567:
2557:
2547:
2537:
2527:
2515:
2505:
2495:
2485:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2445:
2435:
2407:
2397:
2387:
2377:
2367:
2227:
2217:
2207:
2197:
2187:
2177:
2167:
2155:
2145:
2135:
2125:
2115:
2105:
2095:
2085:
2075:
2065:
2057:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1969:
1959:
1951:
1941:
1931:
1921:
1905:
1887:
1877:
1867:
1857:
1847:
1837:
1827:
1817:
1807:
1797:
1787:
1777:
1767:
1757:
1747:
1737:
1727:
1717:
1707:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1669:
1659:
1649:
1639:
1629:
1619:
1607:
1597:
1587:
1577:
1567:
1557:
1547:
1537:
1527:
1517:
1507:
1492:
1482:
1472:
1462:
1452:
1442:
1432:
1422:
1412:
1402:
1392:
1382:
1369:
1359:
1349:
1339:
1329:
1317:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1279:
1269:
1259:
1247:
1237:
1227:
1217:
1207:
1195:
1185:
1175:
1165:
1155:
1145:
1135:
1125:
1115:
1107:
1097:
1087:
1077:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
911:
666:Gallego Blanco, Enrique (1971).
613:
416:
402:
383:
360:
340:
325:
309:
294:
274:
258:
242:
109:(English: sword cross). It is a
85:in the Spanish victory over the
781:
718:
707:
371:, by Philip Alexius de László,
101:, the cross is also called the
892:Eifler, Edgar Gustavo (1942).
749:Mitchell-Lanham, Jean (2015).
659:
504:
113:, or symbol, in the form of a
1:
441:
372:
77:The cross gets its name from
871:Gać, Jan (October 4, 2011).
356:Examples of the cross in art
7:
992:
10:
2702:
464:. Routledge. p. 104.
229:
2626:
2428:
2354:
2239:
1914:
1903:
1000:
793:utw10658.utweb.utexas.edu
588:. LA VOZ DE GALICIA S.A.
316:Cross on a shell, in the
62:, combines with either a
58:. The cross, shaped as a
2413:Staurogram/Monogrammatic
172:. Both were named after
18:Heraldic symbol of Spain
2638:Christianity portal
818:Collins, Roger (1983).
641:Linehan, Peter (2011).
488:Berry, William (1828).
2451:Armenian eternity sign
1023:Anchored/Saint Clement
424:José Antonio Caballero
133:
28:
2563:Shield of the Trinity
1645:Portate/Saint Gilbert
627:Catholic Encyclopedia
534:La Gazzetta del Gusto
131:
26:
2336:Rood/Triumphal cross
1773:Saint James/Santiago
1723:Saltire/Saint Andrew
1398:Grapevine/Saint Nino
920:at Wikimedia Commons
918:Cross of Saint James
853:Lexikon der Heraldik
410:Francisco de Quevedo
212:Ramiro I of Asturias
35:, also known as the
33:Cross of Saint James
2676:Crosses in heraldry
2603:Triskelion/Triskele
2045:Cuthbert's pectoral
1468:Jerusalem (Kingdom)
1458:Jerusalem/Crusaders
517:. 1890. p. 42.
251:Navarrete, La Rioja
2681:Camino de Santiago
497:Cross of St. James
237:Way of Saint James
134:
93:Background and use
48:Saint James' Cross
29:
2671:Christian crosses
2658:
2657:
2573:Sunwheel swastika
1956:Blanc croix rouge
950:. August 25, 2015
916:Media related to
884:978-83-62994-72-4
392:Order of Santiago
208:Battle of Clavijo
193:Iberian Peninsula
181:Order of Santiago
174:James the Greater
166:Order of Santiago
142:Tarta de Santiago
132:Tarta de Santiago
83:Battle of Clavijo
79:James the Greater
2693:
2648:
2647:
2636:
2635:
2611:
2601:
2591:
2581:
2571:
2561:
2551:
2541:
2531:
2519:
2509:
2499:
2489:
2479:
2469:
2459:
2449:
2439:
2411:
2401:
2391:
2381:
2371:
2231:
2221:
2211:
2201:
2191:
2181:
2171:
2159:
2149:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2109:
2099:
2089:
2079:
2069:
2061:
2053:
2043:
2033:
2025:Cross cramponnée
2023:
2013:
2003:
1993:
1983:
1973:
1963:
1955:
1945:
1935:
1925:
1909:
1908:
1891:
1883:Syriac (Western)
1881:
1873:Syriac (Eastern)
1871:
1861:
1853:Serbian Orthodox
1851:
1841:
1831:
1821:
1811:
1801:
1791:
1781:
1771:
1761:
1751:
1741:
1731:
1721:
1711:
1703:Russian Orthodox
1701:
1691:
1681:
1673:
1663:
1653:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1611:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1571:
1561:
1551:
1541:
1531:
1521:
1511:
1496:
1486:
1476:
1466:
1456:
1446:
1436:
1426:
1416:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1373:
1363:
1353:
1343:
1333:
1321:
1311:
1301:
1291:
1283:
1273:
1263:
1251:
1241:
1231:
1221:
1211:
1199:
1189:
1179:
1169:
1159:
1149:
1139:
1129:
1119:
1111:
1101:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1061:
1051:
1041:
1031:
1021:
1011:
987:
980:
973:
964:
963:
959:
957:
955:
939:
937:
935:
929:galicianflag.com
915:
901:
888:
867:
834:
833:
815:
809:
808:
806:
804:
785:
779:
778:
776:
774:
746:
740:
739:
722:
716:
711:
705:
704:
702:
700:
680:
674:
673:
663:
657:
656:
638:
632:
631:
617:
616:
611:
602:
601:
599:
597:
578:
572:
571:
569:
567:
552:
546:
545:
543:
541:
525:
519:
518:
508:
502:
501:
485:
476:
475:
455:
432:
420:
406:
387:
377:
374:
364:
347:Coat of arms of
344:
329:
313:
298:
278:
267:shepherd's gourd
262:
246:
145:. A traditional
2701:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2650:Arts portal
2642:
2630:
2622:
2424:
2350:
2235:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1573:Order of Christ
1365:Globus cruciger
1181:Catherine wheel
996:
991:
953:
951:
948:Five Sensations
942:
933:
931:
923:
908:
885:
864:
843:
841:Further reading
838:
837:
830:
816:
812:
802:
800:
787:
786:
782:
772:
770:
763:
755:. p. 153.
747:
743:
723:
719:
712:
708:
698:
696:
681:
677:
664:
660:
653:
639:
635:
614:
612:
605:
595:
593:
580:
579:
575:
565:
563:
554:
553:
549:
539:
537:
526:
522:
509:
505:
486:
479:
472:
456:
449:
444:
437:
426:
421:
412:
407:
398:
388:
379:
375:
365:
351:
345:
336:
330:
321:
314:
305:
299:
282:
279:
270:
263:
254:
247:
232:
168:and Portuguese
158:blood of Christ
95:
54:(cross-shaped)
19:
12:
11:
5:
2699:
2689:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2640:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2605:
2595:
2585:
2575:
2565:
2555:
2545:
2535:
2533:Solomon's knot
2525:
2513:
2503:
2493:
2483:
2473:
2463:
2453:
2443:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2405:
2395:
2385:
2375:
2364:
2362:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2225:
2215:
2205:
2203:Teutonic Order
2195:
2185:
2175:
2165:
2164:
2163:
2143:
2133:
2123:
2113:
2103:
2093:
2083:
2073:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2037:
2027:
2017:
2015:Coptic (Early)
2007:
1997:
1987:
1977:
1967:
1957:
1949:
1939:
1929:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1885:
1875:
1865:
1855:
1845:
1835:
1825:
1815:
1805:
1795:
1785:
1775:
1765:
1755:
1745:
1735:
1725:
1715:
1705:
1695:
1685:
1675:
1667:
1657:
1647:
1637:
1627:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1595:
1585:
1575:
1565:
1555:
1545:
1535:
1525:
1515:
1505:
1500:
1490:
1480:
1470:
1460:
1450:
1440:
1430:
1420:
1418:Greek Orthodox
1410:
1400:
1390:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1357:
1347:
1337:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1305:
1295:
1285:
1277:
1275:Cruciform halo
1267:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1235:
1225:
1215:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1183:
1173:
1163:
1153:
1143:
1133:
1123:
1113:
1105:
1095:
1085:
1075:
1065:
1055:
1053:Archiepiscopal
1045:
1035:
1025:
1015:
1004:
1002:
998:
997:
990:
989:
982:
975:
967:
961:
960:
940:
921:
907:
906:External links
904:
903:
902:
889:
883:
868:
862:
842:
839:
836:
835:
828:
810:
780:
761:
741:
717:
706:
675:
658:
652:978-1444339758
651:
633:
603:
573:
547:
520:
503:
477:
470:
446:
445:
443:
440:
439:
438:
422:
415:
413:
408:
401:
399:
389:
382:
380:
369:Prince Alfonso
366:
359:
357:
353:
352:
346:
339:
337:
331:
324:
322:
315:
308:
306:
300:
293:
291:
284:
283:
280:
273:
271:
264:
257:
255:
248:
241:
239:
231:
228:
179:In Spain, the
151:powdered sugar
103:Santiago cross
94:
91:
56:heraldic badge
37:Santiago cross
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2698:
2687:
2686:Cross symbols
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2230:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1898:
1897:Saint Anthony
1894:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1793:Saint Patrick
1790:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1753:Saint Florian
1750:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:In modern use
999:
995:
988:
983:
981:
976:
974:
969:
968:
965:
949:
945:
941:
930:
926:
922:
919:
914:
910:
909:
899:
898:Editora Globo
895:
890:
886:
880:
877:(in Polish).
876:
875:
869:
865:
863:3-411-02149-7
859:
855:
854:
849:
845:
844:
831:
829:0-312-22464-8
825:
821:
814:
798:
794:
790:
784:
768:
764:
762:9781634133333
758:
754:
753:
745:
737:
733:
732:
727:
721:
715:
710:
694:
690:
686:
679:
671:
670:
662:
654:
648:
644:
637:
629:
628:
623:
610:
608:
591:
587:
583:
577:
561:
557:
551:
535:
531:
524:
516:
515:
507:
500:
498:
493:
492:
484:
482:
473:
471:9781136410253
467:
463:
462:
454:
452:
447:
436:
430:
425:
419:
414:
411:
405:
400:
397:
393:
386:
381:
370:
363:
358:
355:
354:
350:
343:
338:
335:
328:
323:
319:
312:
307:
304:
297:
292:
290:
286:
285:
277:
272:
268:
261:
256:
252:
245:
240:
238:
234:
233:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
154:
152:
148:
144:
143:
139:
130:
126:
124:
120:
119:fleurs-de-lis
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
90:
88:
84:
80:
75:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
43:
38:
34:
25:
21:
16:
2520:
2403:Signum manus
2356:Christograms
2324:Processional
2257:Conciliation
2183:Saint Julian
1995:Consecration
1833:Saint Thomas
1813:Saint Philip
1772:
1763:Saint George
1033:Anuradhapura
952:. Retrieved
947:
932:. Retrieved
928:
893:
873:
852:
848:Oswald, Gert
819:
813:
801:. Retrieved
792:
783:
771:. Retrieved
751:
744:
730:
726:Bruce, F. F.
720:
709:
697:. Retrieved
688:
678:
668:
661:
642:
636:
625:
594:. Retrieved
585:
576:
564:. Retrieved
550:
540:February 25,
538:. Retrieved
536:(in Italian)
533:
523:
513:
506:
496:
495:
490:
460:
396:Cuzco School
367:Portrait of
320:, in Galicia
236:
216:patron saint
201:
191:then on the
178:
155:
140:
135:
123:cross moline
106:
102:
96:
76:
72:fleur-de-lis
68:cross moline
64:cross fleury
60:cross fitchy
47:
41:
40:
36:
32:
30:
20:
15:
2543:Scientology
2383:IX monogram
2240:By function
2173:Saint Alban
1975:Carolingian
1863:Short Sword
1823:Saint Piran
1803:Saint Peter
1743:Saint David
1625:Patriarchal
1478:Latin/Roman
1303:Evangelists
1083:Balkenkreuz
1073:Arrow/Barby
714:Acts 12:1–2
596:January 22,
586:Vive Camino
427: [
376: 1927
107:cruz espada
42:cruz espada
2665:Categories
2213:Two-barred
1915:Historical
1783:Saint John
1733:Saint Chad
1674:Resistance
1488:Macedonian
1377:'s variant
1375:Archbishop
1171:Canterbury
1043:Archangels
954:August 25,
442:References
334:Valladolid
2360:Chrismons
2319:Preaching
2161:Quarterly
2131:Nestorian
2071:Gammadion
2054:Engrailed
1293:Ethiopian
1141:Byzantine
1121:Bulgarian
894:Heráldica
204:martyrdom
162:scalloped
52:cruciform
2593:Swastika
2553:Shamrock
2481:Kolovrat
2471:Irminsul
2429:See also
2329:Lalibela
2309:Pectoral
2304:Necklace
2294:Memorial
2262:Heraldry
2252:Blessing
2111:Lorraine
2081:Jewelled
1927:Avellane
1665:Quadrate
1553:Novgorod
1523:Maronite
1448:Jeremiah
1428:Huguenot
1265:Crucifix
1243:Crosslet
1213:Cercelée
1161:Camargue
1131:Burgundy
1063:Armenian
934:July 15,
850:(1984).
803:July 20,
797:Archived
767:Archived
728:(1964).
693:Archived
672:. Brill.
590:Archived
566:April 6,
560:Archived
349:La Rioja
147:Galician
99:heraldry
2501:Mjölnir
2491:Lauburu
2461:Ichthys
2393:Labarum
2373:Chi Rho
2346:Wayside
2299:Mission
2223:Victory
2193:Templar
2151:Pierced
2141:Peñalba
2101:Lazarus
2091:Katanga
2062:Erminée
1843:Serbian
1693:Russian
1613:Fitchée
1593:Patonce
1563:Occitan
1498:Maltese
1388:Gnostic
1345:Fourchy
1233:Cossack
1201:Variant
1151:Calvary
1103:Bottony
1093:Bolnisi
1013:Alcoraz
994:Crosses
773:May 16,
699:July 5,
253:, Spain
230:Gallery
220:Galicia
121:, or a
105:or the
50:, is a
2341:Summit
2314:Plague
2289:Mercat
2284:Market
2267:Nordic
2232:Voided
2005:Coptic
1985:Chouan
1965:Brigid
1683:Ringed
1655:Potent
1603:Pattée
1543:Nordic
1533:Moline
1513:Marian
1503:Marada
1355:Fylfot
1335:Forked
1323:Fitchy
1313:Fleury
1284:Double
1253:Fitchy
1223:Coptic
1191:Celtic
1112:Branch
881:
860:
826:
759:
649:
618:
468:
303:Málaga
185:Camino
138:pastry
111:charge
2272:Pisan
2247:Altar
2121:Neith
2035:Crown
1947:Black
1713:Salem
1635:Pommy
1583:Papal
1408:Greek
431:]
289:Spain
224:Moors
189:Moors
115:cross
87:Moors
66:or a
2522:Rota
2511:Rose
2441:Ankh
2279:High
1937:Aviz
1438:Iron
956:2015
936:2022
879:ISBN
858:ISBN
824:ISBN
805:2022
775:2023
757:ISBN
701:2022
647:ISBN
598:2022
568:2014
542:2019
466:ISBN
435:Goya
31:The
2583:Sun
2420:Rho
2417:Tau
1893:Tau
736:237
624:".
433:by
218:of
97:In
46:or
2667::
2358:,
946:.
927:.
795:.
791:.
765:.
691:.
687:.
606:^
584:.
480:^
450:^
429:es
373:c.
226:.
176:.
74:.
39:,
2415:/
1895:/
986:e
979:t
972:v
958:.
938:.
900:.
887:.
866:.
832:.
807:.
777:.
738:.
703:.
655:.
600:.
570:.
544:.
474:.
269:)
44:,
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)