32:
40:
20:
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Internal combustion engines using crossheads make for easier maintenance of the top end of the engine, since the pistons can be easily removed. The piston rod is mounted on the underside of the piston and connected to the crosshead by a single nut in double acting engines. The large two-stroke
122:(and thus the direction the force is applied) moves from side to side with the rotary motion of the crank. These transverse forces are tolerable in a smaller engine. A larger engine's much greater forces would cause an intolerable degree of wear on the piston and
166:
battleships: 12 MAN double-acting 2-stroke 9-cylinder diesels). Large diesels often have a plunger oil pump directly attached to the crosshead to supply oil under high pressure to the crosshead bearing.
94:
ratio on such engines, the connecting rod would hit the cylinder walls and block the engine from rotating if the piston was attached directly to the connecting rod like on
301:
149:) on which the small end of the connecting rod pivots. In this way, the transverse forces are applied only to the crosshead and its bearings, not to the piston itself.
355:
230:, the crosshead was a strong metal bar attached to the piston rod and perpendicular to it, which was sometimes used to eliminate transverse forces, as in a
1070:
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in part due to the difficulty of manufacturing guide rails. The cross head was made possible by the introduction of the
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183:- steam is applied to both sides of the piston, which requires a seal around the piston rod. An exception is the
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can be mounted either to one guide mounted above the crosshead or to two, one above and one below (called an
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141:), allowing it only to move in the same direction as the piston travel. The crosshead also houses the
98:. Therefore, the longitudinal dimension of the crosshead must be matched to the stroke of the engine.
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are usually of this pattern. A crosshead is essential in a double-acting diesel engine (see also:
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is attached to the piston and links it to the crosshead, which is a large casting sliding in
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since it has two "jaws"). The former was preferred in many more modern locomotives.
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Sliding pin joint in a slider-crank linkage, commonly used in engine pistons
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directly, but this transmits sideways forces to the piston, since the
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19:
773:
277:"The Two Stroke Crosshead Diesel Engine Crosshead Pin and Slippers"
119:
78:) and reciprocating compressors to eliminate sideways force on the
333:
889:
626:
234:, and at other times used as a linkage—to side-rods in a
111:
86:
to freely move outside the cylinder. Because of the very small
79:
408:
190:
Early double-acting steam engines, such as those designed by
126:, as well as increasing overall friction in the engine.
258:
in which the lateral force of the piston is eliminated
187:
which can be double acting and yet has no crosshead.
326:. Cambridge, MA, USA: The M.I.T. Press. p. 101.
179:, a crosshead is essential if the engine is to be
23:A crosshead as part of a reciprocating piston and
1297:
152:
349:
356:
342:
302:"3.2.2. Piston (reciprocating) compressor"
202:which was suited for producing guides.
38:
30:
18:
1231:Glossary of steam locomotive components
1298:
337:
321:
279:. Marinediesels.info. Archived from
46:Nunlow; crosshead and two slide bars
13:
1083:National Museum of Scotland engine
238:engine or to connecting rods in a
82:. Also, the crosshead enables the
14:
1332:
363:
221:
185:oscillating cylinder steam engine
1265:List of steam technology patents
324:A Short History of Machine Tools
170:
1250:Murdoch's model steam carriage
1236:History of steam road vehicles
315:
294:
269:
205:
1:
1177:Murray's Hypocycloidal Engine
262:
900:Return connecting rod engine
7:
824:Condensing steam locomotive
245:
153:Internal combustion engines
101:
10:
1337:
1131:"Coalbrookdale Locomotive"
1223:
1194:
1167:
1148:
1137:"Pen-y-Darren" locomotive
1102:
1055:
1008:
999:
966:
947:
938:
857:
814:
806:Single- and double-acting
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708:
680:
634:
625:
541:
469:
416:
407:
371:
976:Newcomen Memorial Engine
106:On smaller engines, the
1280:Timeline of steam power
1275:Stationary steam engine
1158:Woolf's compound engine
1065:Soho Manufactory engine
920:Steeple compound engine
587:straight line mechanism
196:parallel motion linkage
35:Cylindrical trunk guide
1285:Water-returning engine
1259:Lean's Engine Reporter
1032:Chacewater Mine engine
905:Six-column beam engine
52:mechanical engineering
47:
36:
28:
1321:Linkages (mechanical)
1311:Bearings (mechanical)
1125:London Steam Carriage
322:Rolt, L.T.C. (1965).
304:. Drucklufttechnik.de
226:In many 19th century
160:marine diesel engines
68:reciprocating engines
64:slider-crank linkages
42:
34:
22:
1071:Bradley Works engine
895:Reciprocating engine
718:Babcock & Wilcox
561:Centrifugal governor
228:marine steam engines
62:used as part of the
25:slider-crank linkage
612:Sun and planet gear
216:alligator crosshead
175:In the case of the
72:internal combustion
1112:Richard Trevithick
710:Water-tube boilers
524:Gresley conjugated
48:
37:
29:
1306:Engine technology
1293:
1292:
1219:
1218:
1098:
1097:
782:
781:
682:Fire-tube boilers
537:
536:
1328:
1316:Locomotive parts
1243:fardier à vapeur
1077:Whitbread Engine
1038:Smethwick Engine
1006:
1005:
945:
944:
764:Feedwater heater
632:
631:
414:
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252:Crosshead piston
212:steam locomotive
210:Crossheads in a
135:crosshead guides
60:mechanical joint
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1296:
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1163:
1144:
1094:
1051:
995:
983:Fairbottom Bobs
968:Newcomen engine
962:
934:
880:Expansion valve
853:
839:Watt's separate
810:
778:
752:
704:
676:
621:
597:Parallel motion
533:
484:Stephenson link
465:
403:
372:Operating cycle
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44:Hudswell Clarke
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1018:Kinneil Engine
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990:Elsecar Engine
987:
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910:Steeple engine
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769:Feedwater pump
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635:Simple boilers
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617:Watt's linkage
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566:Connecting rod
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232:steeple engine
223:
222:Marine engines
220:
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194:, relied on a
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108:connecting rod
103:
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84:connecting rod
15:
9:
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3:
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1118:Puffing Devil
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1104:High-pressure
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1057:Rotative beam
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957:Savery Engine
955:
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930:Working fluid
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607:Rotative beam
605:
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584:hypocycloidal
582:
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366:
365:Steam engines
359:
354:
352:
347:
345:
340:
339:
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325:
318:
303:
297:
283:on 2018-10-14
282:
278:
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241:
237:
233:
229:
219:
217:
213:
203:
201:
197:
193:
188:
186:
182:
181:double acting
178:
171:Steam engines
168:
165:
161:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
99:
97:
96:trunk engines
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
45:
41:
33:
26:
21:
1270:Modern steam
1257:
1242:
1204:Porter-Allen
1183:
1117:
1044:
1024:
981:
915:Safety valve
869:
844:"Pickle-pot"
738:Thimble tube
323:
317:
306:. Retrieved
296:
285:. Retrieved
281:the original
271:
225:
215:
209:
189:
180:
177:steam engine
174:
156:
146:
138:
128:
105:
55:
49:
1001:Watt engine
801:Oscillating
757:Boiler feed
602:Plate chain
581:Tusi couple
494:Walschaerts
379:Atmospheric
206:Locomotives
143:gudgeon pin
1300:Categories
1210:Ljungström
1196:High-speed
1089:Lap Engine
1045:Resolution
949:Precursors
834:Kirchweger
796:Locomotive
743:Three-drum
723:Field-tube
690:Locomotive
672:Lancashire
592:Link chain
576:Crankshaft
543:Mechanisms
471:Valve gear
308:2013-07-22
287:2013-07-22
263:References
236:side-lever
192:James Watt
131:piston rod
116:crankshaft
110:links the
27:mechanism.
1241:Cugnot's
1184:Salamanca
885:Hydrolock
870:Crosshead
816:Condenser
652:Egg-ended
56:crosshead
1224:See also
1150:Compound
1025:Old Bess
865:Blowback
788:Cylinder
774:Injector
733:Stirling
728:Sentinel
642:Haystack
556:Cataract
529:Southern
519:Caprotti
394:Compound
246:See also
242:engine.
147:wristpin
139:slidebar
124:cylinder
120:crankpin
114:and the
102:Overview
70:(either
66:of long
940:History
849:Surface
667:Cornish
627:Boilers
509:Corliss
446:Corliss
429:D slide
399:Uniflow
389:Cornish
164:H-class
1252:(1784)
1246:(1769)
1212:(1908)
1206:(1862)
1187:(1812)
1179:(1805)
1169:Murray
1160:(1803)
1139:(1804)
1133:(1803)
1127:(1803)
1121:(1801)
1091:(1788)
1085:(1786)
1079:(1785)
1073:(1783)
1067:(1782)
1048:(1781)
1040:(1779)
1034:(1778)
1028:(1777)
1020:(1768)
992:(1795)
986:(1760)
978:(1725)
959:(1698)
925:Stroke
890:Piston
875:Cutoff
748:Yarrow
700:Launch
695:Scotch
456:Sleeve
451:Poppet
436:Piston
417:Valves
409:Valves
240:square
200:planer
112:piston
92:stroke
80:piston
858:Other
662:Flued
647:Wagon
571:Crank
514:Lentz
504:Baker
499:Allan
424:Slide
145:(US:
137:(UK:
76:steam
58:is a
1010:Beam
551:Beam
461:Bash
441:Drop
384:Watt
90:-to-
88:bore
54:, a
829:Jet
657:Box
489:Joy
479:Gab
74:or
50:In
1302::
129:A
357:e
350:t
343:v
311:.
290:.
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