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288:(AMC) introduced a low-priced automatic speed control for its large-sized cars with automatic transmissions. The AMC "cruise command" unit was actuated through a push-button on the dashboard once the car's desired speed was reached. The throttle position was automatically adjusted by a vacuum control that opened and closed the throttle based on input from the speedometer cable rather than through an adjustable control on the dashboard. The unit would shut off anytime the brakes were applied.
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vehicle reached the desired speed. Teetor's idea of a dashboard speed selector with a mechanism connected to the driveshaft and a device able to push against the gas pedal was patented in 1950. He added a speed lock capability that maintained the car's speed until the driver tapped the brake pedal or turned off the system.
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attention. Automatic braking systems use either a single or a combination of sensors (radar, lidar, and camera) to allow the vehicle to keep pace with the car it is following, slow when closing in on the vehicle in front, and accelerate to the preset speed when traffic allows. Some systems also feature
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All cruise control systems must have the capability to be turned off explicitly and automatically when the driver depresses the brake pedal and often also the clutch. Cruise control systems frequently include a memory feature to resume the set speed after braking and a coast feature to reduce the set
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hazardous weather conditions. The U.S. state of
Michigan warns against using cruise control if the road has ice or snow, while the Canadian province of British Columbia recommends not using cruise control on wet roads. When a car skids with cruise control enabled, the vehicle will keep accelerating,
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The cruise control systems of some vehicles incorporate a "speed limiter" function, which will not allow the vehicle to accelerate beyond a preset maximum; this can usually be overridden by fully depressing the accelerator pedal. Most systems will prevent the vehicle from increasing engine speed to
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A more significant factor in developing cruise control was the 35 mph (56 km/h) speed limit imposed in the United States during World War II to reduce gasoline use and tire wear. A mechanism controlled by the driver provided resistance to further pressure on the accelerator pedal when the
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Another inventor named Harold Exline, working independently of Riley, also invented a type of cruise control that he first installed on his car and friends' cars. Exline filed a U.S. patent for a "vacuum powered throttle control with electrically controlled air valve" in 1951, which was granted in
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The technologies can be set to maintain a distance from vehicles in front of the car; the system will automatically slow down based on the vehicles in front or continue to keep the set speed. Some systems cannot detect completely stationary cars or pedestrians, so the driver must always pay
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373:, or internal speed pulses produced electronically by the vehicle. Most systems do not allow the use of the cruise control below a certain speed - typically around 25 or 30 mph (40 or 48 km/h). The vehicle will maintain the desired speed by pulling the
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and rising fuel prices, the device became more popular in the U.S. "Cruise control can save gas by avoiding surges that expel fuel" while driving at steady speeds. In 1974, AMC, GM, and
Chrysler priced the option at $ 60 to $ 70, while Ford charged $ 103.
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because depressing the clutch pedal and shifting gears usually disengages the cruise control. The "resume" feature has to be used each time after selecting the new gear and releasing the clutch. Therefore, cruise control is most beneficial at
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included a governor to keep the speed of the engine through an extra throttle lever on the steering wheel. Peerless successfully used a flyball governor. They advertised their system as being able to "maintain speed whether uphill or down."
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A 1955 U.S. patent for a "constant speed regulator" was filed in 1950 by M-Sgt Frank J. Riley. He conceived the device while driving on the
Pennsylvania Turnpike and installed his invention in his car in 1948.
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speed without braking. When the cruise control is engaged, the throttle can still accelerate the car, but once the pedal is released, it will slow down the vehicle until it reaches the previously set speed.
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accelerate beyond the chosen speed. However, they will not apply the brakes in the event of overspeeding downhill, nor stop the car from going faster than the selected speed even with the engine just
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277:(called "auto-pilot"), using a speed control dial on the dashboard. This system calculated ground speed from the rotating speedometer cable and used a bi-directional screw-drive
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increasing the chance of losing control. If the vehicle is sliding on ice, the driver should not brake or accelerate, but just let the vehicle slow down on its own.
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systems, which warn the driver if a vehicle in front—given the speed of both vehicles—gets too close within the preset headway or braking distance.
482:) and possible accidents. Drivers with feet at rest lose spatial perception and may hit the accelerator instead of the brake pedal in a sudden emergency.
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e-Power. The bottom-left button is the adaptive cruise control symbol defined in ISO 2575:2010 and ISO 7000-2580 standards and used in various vehicles.
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Some modern vehicles have adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems, a general term meaning improved cruise control. Dynamic set speed systems use the
404:. Modern "adaptive" systems include the ability to automatically reduce speed when the distance to a car in front, or the speed limit, decreases.
326:. The advantage of electronic speed control over its mechanical predecessor was that it could be integrated with electronic accident avoidance and
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1956. Despite these patents, Riley, Exline, and subsequent patent holders were not able to collect royalties for any cruise control inventions.
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in the early 1900s. They had a lever on the steering column that could be used to set the speed to be maintained by the engine. In 1908, the
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Common cruise control icon on dashboards specified by ISO-7000-2047, ISO 2575:2010, and ISO 6727. Another icon exists for the more modern
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Modern cruise control (also known as a speedostat or tempomat) was invented in 1948 by the blind inventor and mechanical engineer
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424:/highway speeds when top gear is used virtually all the time. The speed limiter function, however, does not have this problem.
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299:. His invention is described in two patents filed that year (US patents 3570622 and 3511329), with the second introducing
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The driver must manually bring the vehicle up to speed and use a button to set the cruise control to the current speed.
258:. He came up with the idea due to being frustrated by his driver's habit of speeding up and slowing down as he talked.
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1176:(was: "Cruise Control: Driver sets the cruise control on his vehicle, then slips into the backseat for a nap")
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to vary the throttle position as needed. Cadillac soon renamed and marketed the device as "cruise control."
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to adjust the throttle position to adapt the engine's speed to different loads (e.g., when going up a hill).
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974:"Does Cruise Control Save Gas? AC On or Windows Down? We Tackle These and Other Fuel-Saving Questions"
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247:, but the use of governors dates at least back to the 17th century. On an engine, the governor uses
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Daniel Aaron Wisner invented an "automotive electronic cruise control" in 1968 as an engineer for
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However, when misused, cruise control can lead to accidents due to several factors, such as:
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by reducing driver fatigue and improving comfort by allowing positioning changes more safely.
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equipment to determine how close a vehicle is to others or other objects on the roadway.
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for Wisner's design for electronic cruise control was finally commercially developed by
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Vacuum powered throttle control with electrically controlled air valve. Harold Exline.
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Encourages drivers to pay less attention to driving, increasing the risk of an accident
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Speed control device for resisting operation of the accelerator. Ralph R. Teetor.
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rough or loose terrain that could negatively affect the cruise control controls
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signs from a database. Many systems also incorporate cameras, lasers, and
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961:]. 292.561.4E0.00 (in German). Audi. September 2008. p. 107.
928:"Explained: The different kinds of cruise control and how they work"
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Cruise command push button on the left of the dashboard of a 1967
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1044:"How to Correct a Slide on an Icy Road :: Road Icing Safety"
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System that automatically controls the speed of a motor vehicle
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Cruise control unit in the speedometer-cable and vacuum valve
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The first car with Teetor's "speedostat" system was the 1958
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1097:"Path to Autonomy: Self-Driving Car Levels 0 to 5 Explained"
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The cruise control takes its speed signal from a rotating
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138:, but some cars also use the cruise control icon for the
561:—Fundamental control concept used in car cruise control
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Vehicles with adaptive cruise control are considered a
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Speed control existed in early automobiles such as the
400:, cruise control can be integrated into the vehicle's
699:"The Sightless Visionary Who Invented Cruise Control"
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as the MC14460 Automotive Speed
Control Processor in
415:Cruise control is less flexible on vehicles with a
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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295:'s Industrial and Automation Systems Division in
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1135:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 213–224.
469:speeding around curves that require slowing down
1165:Preventive safety applications and technologies
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1155:Overview of intelligent vehicle safety systems
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839:"Hillsdale alumnus inventor of cruise control"
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586:"What is cruise control and how does it work?"
181:to maintain a steady speed set by the driver.
165:) is a system that automatically controls the
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608:"The 1908 Peerless Motors and Trans Mission"
934:. Telford, Shropshire, UK. January 29, 2019
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432:Some advantages of cruise control include:
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722:Constant Speed Regulator. Frank J. Riley.
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116:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1129:; Peng, Huei; Çakmakci, Melih (2012).
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837:Niemeier, Hannah (February 11, 2016).
624:10.1038/scientificamerican11091907-347
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757:"1958 Chrysler Auto Pilot (brochure)"
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142:function, which has no standard icon.
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436:It is helpful for long drives along
54:adding citations to reliable sources
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1009:from the original on March 12, 2023
396:On the latest vehicles fitted with
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1072:"What Is Adaptive Cruise Control?"
734:The Keesler News. November 4, 1948
14:
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1563:Automobile auxiliary power outlet
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843:Hillsdale College - The Collegian
813:"How Cruise Control Systems Work"
618:(19): 347–348. November 9, 1907.
584:Bober, Isaac (November 8, 2016).
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1218:Part of a series of articles on
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811:Nice, Karim (January 15, 2001).
759:. oldcarbrochures.com. p. 1
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644:Vaughan, Daniel (August 2010).
588:. Australia: Practical Motoring
504:(ACC) steering wheel switch on
41:needs additional citations for
21:Cruise Control (disambiguation)
999:"Drive Slow on Ice & Snow"
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724:United States Patent US2714880
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697:Sears, David (March 8, 2018).
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480:Sudden Unintended Acceleration
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1275:Electronic instrument cluster
1160:Intelligent Transport Systems
972:Markus, Frank (May 5, 2020).
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447:Some drivers use it to avoid
350:Cruise control throttle servo
1235:Automotive navigation system
1170:Cruise Control as Auto-Pilot
1150:Cruise control block diagram
1029:"Driving in poor conditions"
428:Advantages and disadvantages
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1361:Electronic throttle control
953:"Adaptive Cruise Control".
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398:electronic throttle control
286:American Motors Corporation
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1407:Automatic vehicle location
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177:that takes over the car's
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955:Audi A8 Betriebsanleitung
673:December 4, 2018, at the
533:forward collision warning
328:engine management systems
215:Cruise control on a 2000
646:"1909 Peerless Model 25"
402:engine management system
1637:Automotive technologies
1240:Automotive night vision
870:"Big capacity increase"
502:Adaptive cruise control
493:Adaptive cruise control
487:Adaptive cruise control
440:and sparsely populated
235:A governor was used by
136:adaptive cruise control
1632:Automotive accessories
782:"1966 American Motors"
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314:In the late 1980s, an
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959:Audi A8 User's Manual
845:. Hillsdale, Michigan
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204:Cruise control on a
50:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
668:US-Patent 2519859 A
612:Scientific American
417:manual transmission
243:in 1788 to control
217:Jeep Grand Cherokee
1270:Check engine light
1250:Blind spot monitor
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369:from the engine's
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297:Plymouth, Michigan
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173:. The system is a
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1481:Child safety lock
1103:. October 3, 2017
1048:icyroadsafety.com
874:Ward's Auto World
745:US Patent 2742123
648:. conceptcarz.com
547:SAE International
275:Chrysler Imperial
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1341:Bowden cable
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1210:Car interior
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48:Please help
43:verification
40:
1551:Convenience
1542:Vehicle mat
1491:Rumble seat
1476:Bucket seat
1432:VIN etching
1412:Immobiliser
1305:Speedometer
1255:Boost gauge
1228:Instruments
978:Motor Trend
703:Smithsonian
518:speed limit
506:Nissan Note
363:speedometer
306:Due to the
1626:Categories
1568:Cup holder
1512:Boot liner
1471:Bench seat
1395:Anti-theft
1366:Gear stick
1315:Telematics
1310:Tachometer
1280:Fuel gauge
1174:Snopes.com
905:. Motorola
880:: 95. 1974
792:: 46. 1965
571:References
454:Increased
359:driveshaft
237:James Watt
171:automobile
159:autocruise
76:newspapers
1573:Car phone
1537:Sun visor
1522:Dashboard
1496:Seat belt
1427:Smart key
1320:Tell-tale
1107:April 28,
1013:March 12,
983:March 23,
849:March 23,
652:March 23,
629:March 23,
592:March 23,
334:Operation
284:In 1965,
1591:Category
1334:Controls
1290:Odometer
1265:Carputer
1081:April 2,
1053:April 2,
1007:Archived
909:June 18,
884:March 9,
822:March 9,
796:March 9,
786:Car Life
763:March 9,
671:Archived
553:See also
449:speeding
438:highways
422:motorway
385:-driven
379:solenoid
375:throttle
320:Motorola
229:Peerless
179:throttle
163:tempomat
106:May 2008
1601:Commons
1466:Armrest
1450:Seating
540:Level 1
365:cable,
185:History
90:scholar
1611:Portal
1461:Airbag
1445:Safety
1351:Clutch
1260:Buzzer
1139:
410:idling
383:vacuum
169:of an
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1558:Audio
1402:Alarm
1346:Brake
957:[
903:(PDF)
525:radar
442:roads
167:speed
161:, or
97:JSTOR
83:books
1220:cars
1137:ISBN
1109:2018
1083:2024
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1015:2023
985:2021
940:2020
911:2017
886:2015
851:2021
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798:2015
765:2015
710:2019
654:2021
631:2021
594:2021
381:, a
324:CMOS
239:and
69:news
1172:at
620:doi
514:GPS
371:RPM
293:RCA
52:by
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