Boron nitride - Knowledge

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be problematic. In internal combustion engines, where graphite could be oxidized and turn into carbon sludge, h-BN with its superior thermal stability can be added to engine lubricants. As with all nano-particle suspensions, Brownian-motion settlement is a problem. Settlement can clog engine oil filters, which limits solid lubricant applications in a combustion engine to automotive racing, where engine re-building is common. Since carbon has appreciable solubility in certain alloys (such as steels), which may lead to degradation of properties, BN is often superior for high temperature and/or high pressure applications. Another advantage of h-BN over graphite is that its lubricity does not require water or gas molecules trapped between the layers. Therefore, h-BN lubricants can be used in vacuum, such as space applications. The lubricating properties of fine-grained h-BN are used in

1214: 1234: 1256: 2779:, namely a long cylinder with diameter of several to hundred nanometers and length of many micrometers, except carbon atoms are alternately substituted by nitrogen and boron atoms. However, the properties of BN nanotubes are very different: whereas carbon nanotubes can be metallic or semiconducting depending on the rolling direction and radius, a BN nanotube is an electrical insulator with a bandgap of ~5.5 eV, basically independent of tube chirality and morphology. In addition, a layered BN structure is much more thermally and chemically stable than a graphitic carbon structure. 447: 312: 1139:. The interlayer "registry" of these sheets differs, however, from the pattern seen for graphite, because the atoms are eclipsed, with boron atoms lying over and above nitrogen atoms. This registry reflects the local polarity of the B–N bonds, as well as interlayer N-donor/B-acceptor characteristics. Likewise, many metastable forms consisting of differently stacked polytypes exist. Therefore, h-BN and graphite are very close neighbors, and the material can accommodate carbon as a substituent element to form BNCs. BC 2677:

other. Cai et al., therefore, conducted systematic experimental and theoretical studies to reveal the intrinsic Raman spectrum of atomically thin boron nitride. It reveals that atomically thin boron nitride without interaction with a substrate has a G band frequency similar to that of bulk hexagonal boron nitride, but strain induced by the substrate can cause Raman shifts. Nevertheless, the Raman intensity of G band of atomically thin boron nitride can be used to estimate layer thickness and sample quality.

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resistance than graphene. Monolayer boron nitride is not oxidized till 700 °C and can sustain up to 850 °C in air; bilayer and trilayer boron nitride nanosheets have slightly higher oxidation starting temperatures. The excellent thermal stability, high impermeability to gas and liquid, and electrical insulation make atomically thin boron nitride potential coating materials for preventing surface oxidation and corrosion of metals and other two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as

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can lower the required pressure to 4–7 GPa and temperature to 1500 °C. As in diamond synthesis, to further reduce the conversion pressures and temperatures, a catalyst is added, such as lithium, potassium, or magnesium, their nitrides, their fluoronitrides, water with ammonium compounds, or hydrazine. Other industrial synthesis methods, again borrowed from diamond growth, use crystal growth in a temperature gradient, or explosive

36: 138: 2245: 1207:. Earlier optimistic reports predicted that the wurtzite form was very strong, and was estimated by a simulation as potentially having a strength 18% stronger than that of diamond. Since only small amounts of the mineral exist in nature, this has not yet been experimentally verified. Its hardness is 46 GPa, slightly harder than commercial borides but softer than the cubic form of boron nitride. 991: 905: 2668:), and many other 2D material-based electronic and photonic devices. As shown by electric force microscopy (EFM) studies, the electric field screening in atomically thin boron nitride shows a weak dependence on thickness, which is in line with the smooth decay of electric field inside few-layer boron nitride revealed by the first-principles calculations. 2681: 907: 187: 2372:

Hexagonal BN (h-BN) is the most widely used polymorph. It is a good lubricant at both low and high temperatures (up to 900 °C, even in an oxidizing atmosphere). h-BN lubricant is particularly useful when the electrical conductivity or chemical reactivity of graphite (alternative lubricant) would

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Boron nitride can be doped p-type with beryllium and n-type with boron, sulfur, silicon or if co-doped with carbon and nitrogen. Both hexagonal and cubic BN are wide-gap semiconductors with a band-gap energy corresponding to the UV region. If voltage is applied to h-BN or c-BN, then it emits UV light

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Raman spectroscopy has been a useful tool to study a variety of 2D materials, and the Raman signature of high-quality atomically thin boron nitride was first reported by Gorbachev et al. in 2011. and Li et al. However, the two reported Raman results of monolayer boron nitride did not agree with each

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Hexagonal and cubic BN (and probably w-BN) show remarkable chemical and thermal stabilities. For example, h-BN is stable to decomposition at temperatures up to 1000 °C in air, 1400 °C in vacuum, and 2800 °C in an inert atmosphere. The reactivity of h-BN and c-BN is relatively similar,

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The air stability of graphene shows a clear thickness dependence: monolayer graphene is reactive to oxygen at 250 °C, strongly doped at 300 °C, and etched at 450 °C; in contrast, bulk graphite is not oxidized until 800 °C. Atomically thin boron nitride has much better oxidation

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Atomically thin boron nitride is one of the strongest electrically insulating materials. Monolayer boron nitride has an average Young's modulus of 0.865TPa and fracture strength of 70.5GPa, and in contrast to graphene, whose strength decreases dramatically with increased thickness, few-layer boron

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from graphite. Direct conversion of hexagonal boron nitride to the cubic form has been observed at pressures between 5 and 18 GPa and temperatures between 1730 and 3230 °C, that is similar parameters as for direct graphite-diamond conversion. The addition of a small amount of boron oxide

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Atomically thin boron nitride has been found to have better surface adsorption capabilities than bulk hexagonal boron nitride. According to theoretical and experimental studies, atomically thin boron nitride as an adsorbent experiences conformational changes upon surface adsorption of molecules,

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Kim, Keun Su; Jakubinek, Michael B.; Martinez-Rubi, Yadienka; Ashrafi, Behnam; Guan, Jingwen; O'Neill, K.; Plunkett, Mark; Hrdina, Amy; Lin, Shuqiong; Dénommée, Stéphane; Kingston, Christopher; Simard, Benoit (2015). "Polymer nanocomposites from free-standing, macroscopic boron nitride nanotube

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Pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN) generally has a hexagonal structure similar to hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), though it can exhibit stacking faults or deviations from the ideal lattice. Pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN) shows some remarkable attributes, including exceptional chemical inertness, high

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developed and currently produces a line of paintable h-BN coatings that are used by manufacturers of molten aluminium, non-ferrous metal, and glass. Because h-BN is nonwetting and lubricious to these molten materials, the coated surface (i.e. mold or crucible) does not stick to the material.

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Because of its excellent thermal and chemical stability, boron nitride ceramics and coatings are used high-temperature equipment. h-BN can be included in ceramics, alloys, resins, plastics, rubbers, and other materials, giving them self-lubricating properties. Such materials are suitable for

2991:, NbN, and BNC) is generally considered to be non-toxic and does not exhibit chemical activity in biological systems. Due to its excellent safety profile and lubricious properties, boron nitride finds widespread use in various applications, including cosmetics and food processing equipment. 2547:

Contrary to diamond, large c-BN pellets can be produced in a simple process (called sintering) of annealing c-BN powders in nitrogen flow at temperatures slightly below the BN decomposition temperature. This ability of c-BN and h-BN powders to fuse allows cheap production of large BN parts.

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As cubic boron nitride consists of light atoms and is very robust chemically and mechanically, it is one of the popular materials for X-ray membranes: low mass results in small X-ray absorption, and good mechanical properties allow usage of thin membranes, further reducing the absorption.

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structure of BN layers in h-BN reduces covalency and electrical conductivity, whereas the interlayer interaction increases resulting in higher hardness of h-BN relative to graphite. The reduced electron-delocalization in hexagonal-BN is also indicated by its absence of color and a large

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comparable or higher than diamond. Because of much better stability to heat and transition metals, c-BN surpasses diamond in mechanical applications, such as machining steel. The thermal conductivity of BN is among the highest of all electric insulators (see table).

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Pan, Chengbin; Ji, Yanfeng; Xiao, Na; Hui, Fei; Tang, Kechao; Guo, Yuzheng; Xie, Xiaoming; Puglisi, Francesco M.; Larcher, Luca (2017-01-01). "Coexistence of Grain-Boundaries-Assisted Bipolar and Threshold Resistive Switching in Multilayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride".

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Atomically thin boron nitride has one of the highest thermal conductivity coefficients (751 W/mK at room temperature) among semiconductors and electrical insulators, and its thermal conductivity increases with reduced thickness due to less intra-layer coupling.

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Low-pressure deposition of thin films of cubic boron nitride is possible. As in diamond growth, the major problem is to suppress the growth of hexagonal phases (h-BN or graphite, respectively). Whereas in diamond growth this is achieved by adding hydrogen gas,

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Wurtzite BN can be obtained via static high-pressure or dynamic shock methods. The limits of its stability are not well defined. Both c-BN and w-BN are formed by compressing h-BN, but formation of w-BN occurs at much lower temperatures close to 1700 °C.

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Boron nitride tubules were first made in 1989 by Shore and Dolan This work was patented in 1989 and published in 1989 thesis (Dolan) and then 1993 Science. The 1989 work was also the first preparation of amorphous BN by B-trichloroborazine and cesium metal.

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increasing adsorption energy and efficiency. The synergic effect of the atomic thickness, high flexibility, stronger surface adsorption capability, electrical insulation, impermeability, high thermal and chemical stability of BN nanosheets can increase the

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and can absorb up to 160 times their weight in oil. They are resistant to oxidation in air at temperatures up to 1200 °C, and hence can be reused after the absorbed oil is burned out by flame. BN aerogels can be prepared by template-assisted

2345:. The major producers and consumers of BN are located in the United States, Japan, China and Germany. In 2000, prices varied from about $ 75–120/kg for standard industrial-quality h-BN and were about up to $ 200–400/kg for high purity BN grades. 1147:, having a honeycomb lattice structure of nearly the same dimensions. Unlike graphene, which is black and an electrical conductor, h-BN monolayer is white and an insulator. It has been proposed for use as an atomic flat insulating substrate or a 2396:. Because of its high price, h-BN was abandoned for this application. Its use was revitalized in the late 1990s with the optimization h-BN production processes, and currently h-BN is used by nearly all leading producers of cosmetic products for 5880:

Cai, Qiran; Du, Aijun; Gao, Guoping; Mateti, Srikanth; Cowie, Bruce C. C.; Qian, Dong; Zhang, Shuang; Lu, Yuerui; Fu, Lan (2016-08-29). "Molecule-Induced Conformational Change in Boron Nitride Nanosheets with Enhanced Surface Adsorption".

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Gorbachev, Roman V.; Riaz, Ibtsam; Nair, Rahul R.; Jalil, Rashid; Britnell, Liam; Belle, Branson D.; Hill, Ernie W.; Novoselov, Kostya S.; Watanabe, Kenji (2011-01-07). "Hunting for Monolayer Boron Nitride: Optical and Raman Signatures".

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setup, over areas up to about 10 cm. Owing to their hexagonal atomic structure, small lattice mismatch with graphene (~2%), and high uniformity they are used as substrates for graphene-based devices. BN nanosheets are also excellent

1163:. Consistent with diamond being less stable than graphite, the cubic form is less stable than the hexagonal form, but the conversion rate between the two is negligible at room temperature, as it is for diamond. The cubic form has the 4163:

Falin, Aleksey; Cai, Qiran; Santos, Elton J. G.; Scullion, Declan; Qian, Dong; Zhang, Rui; Yang, Zhi; Huang, Shaoming; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Barnett, Matthew R.; Chen, Ying; Ruoff, Rodney S.; Li, Lu Hua (2017-06-22).

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coating, commonly referred to as "moly". It is claimed to increase effective barrel life, increase intervals between bore cleaning and decrease the deviation in point of impact between clean bore first shots and subsequent shots.

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Park, Ji-Hoon; Park, Jin Cheol; Yun, Seok Joon; Kim, Hyun; Luong, Dinh Hoa; Kim, Soo Min; Choi, Soo Ho; Yang, Woochul; Kong, Jing; Kim, Ki Kang; Lee, Young Hee (2014). "Large-Area Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Pt Foil".

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h-BN parts can be fabricated inexpensively by hot-pressing with subsequent machining. The parts are made from boron nitride powders adding boron oxide for better compressibility. Thin films of boron nitride can be obtained by

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Those materials are extremely hard, with the hardness of bulk c-BN being slightly smaller and w-BN even higher than that of diamond. Polycrystalline c-BN with grain sizes on the order of 10 nm is also reported to have

2742:. The nanomesh looks like an assembly of hexagonal pores. The distance between two pore centers is 3.2 nm and the pore diameter is ~2 nm. Other terms for this material are boronitrene or white graphene. 5977:

Cai, Qiran; Mateti, Srikanth; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Huang, Shaoming; Chen, Ying; Li, Lu Hua (2016-06-14). "Boron Nitride Nanosheet-Veiled Gold Nanoparticles for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering".

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For example, the hardness, electrical and thermal conductivity are much higher within the planes than perpendicular to them. On the contrary, the properties of c-BN and w-BN are more homogeneous and isotropic.

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Li, Lu Hua; Santos, Elton J. G.; Xing, Tan; Cappelluti, Emmanuele; Roldán, Rafael; Chen, Ying; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi (2015). "Dielectric Screening in Atomically Thin Boron Nitride Nanosheets".

795: 2528:) abrasives are therefore used for machining steel, whereas diamond abrasives are preferred for aluminum alloys, ceramics, and stone. When in contact with oxygen at high temperatures, BN forms a 6094: 767: 3121:

Brazhkin, Vadim V.; Solozhenko, Vladimir L. (2019). "Myths about new ultrahard phases: Why materials that are significantly superior to diamond in elastic moduli and hardness are impossible".

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Boron nitride nanotubes were predicted in 1994 and experimentally discovered in 1995. They can be imagined as a rolled up sheet of h-boron nitride. Structurally, it is a close analog of the

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material characterized by exceptional chemical resistance and mechanical strength at high temperatures. Pyrolytic boron nitride is typically prepared through the thermal decomposition of

2540:. For grinding applications, softer binders such as resin, porous ceramics and soft metals are used. Ceramic binders can be used as well. Commercial products are known under names " 2532:

of boron oxide. Boron nitride binds well with metals due to formation of interlayers of metal borides or nitrides. Materials with cubic boron nitride crystals are often used in the

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Hexagonal boron nitride can be exfoliated to mono or few atomic layer sheets. Due to its analogous structure to that of graphene, atomically thin boron nitride is sometimes called

4447: 2365: 2453:; it is usable up to 550–850 °C in oxidizing atmosphere and up to 1600 °C in vacuum, but due to the boron oxide content is sensitive to water. Grade HBR uses a 861: 3919:

Taniguchi, T.; et al. (2002). "Ultraviolet Light Emission from Self-Organized p–n Domains in Cubic Boron Nitride Bulk Single Crystals Grown Under High Pressure".

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Tararan, Anna; di Sabatino, Stefano; Gatti, Matteo; Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji; Reining, Lucia; Tizei, Luiz H. G.; Kociak, Mathieu; Zobelli, Alberto (2018).

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Li, Lu Hua; Cervenka, Jiri; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Chen, Ying (2014). "Strong Oxidation Resistance of Atomically Thin Boron Nitride Nanosheets".

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and in steelmaking. Many quantum devices use multilayer h-BN as a substrate material. It can also be used as a dielectric in resistive random access memories.

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Boron nitride exists in multiple forms that differ in the arrangement of the boron and nitrogen atoms, giving rise to varying bulk properties of the material.

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in order to achieve BN concentration >98%. Such annealing also crystallizes BN, the size of the crystallites increasing with the annealing temperature.

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Watanabe, K.; Taniguchi, T.; Kanda, H. (2004). "Direct-Bandgap Properties and Evidence for Ultraviolet Lasing of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Single Crystal".

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The amorphous form of boron nitride (a-BN) is non-crystalline, lacking any long-distance regularity in the arrangement of its atoms. It is analogous to

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Ouyang, Tao; Chen, Yuanping; Xie, Yuee; Yang, Kaike; Bao, Zhigang; Zhong, Jianxin (2010). "Thermal Transport in Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoribbons".

2801:. It can have a density as low as 0.6 mg/cm and a specific surface area as high as 1050 m/g, and therefore has potential applications as an 2337:

Whereas the production and consumption figures for the raw materials used for BN synthesis, namely boric acid and boron trioxide, are well known (see

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Cai, Qiran; Scullion, Declan; Gan, Wei; Falin, Alexey; Zhang, Shunying; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Chen, Ying; Santos, Elton J. G. (2019).

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Cai, Qiran; Mateti, Srikanth; Yang, Wenrong; Jones, Rob; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Huang, Shaoming; Chen, Ying; Li, Lu Hua (2016-05-20).

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Falin, Aleksey; Cai, Qiran; Santos, Elton J.G.; Scullion, Declan; Qian, Dong; Zhang, Rui; Yang, Zhi; Huang, Shaoming; Watanabe, Kenji (2017-06-22).

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Kawaguchi, M.; et al. (2008). "Electronic Structure and Intercalation Chemistry of Graphite-Like Layered Material with a Composition of BC6N".

8538: 8255: 8244: 1858: 2341:), the corresponding numbers for the boron nitride are not listed in statistical reports. An estimate for the 1999 world production is 300 to 350 1919:

BN nanosheets consist of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). They are stable up to 800°C in air. The structure of monolayer BN is similar to that of

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Gao, Shitao; Li, Bin (2018). "Micromorphology and structure of pyrolytic boron nitride synthesized by chemical vapor deposition from borazine".

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Liu, Zheng; Gong, Yongji; Zhou, Wu; Ma, Lulu; Yu, Jingjiang; Idrobo, Juan Carlos; Jung, Jeil; MacDonald, Allan H.; Vajtai, Robert (2013-10-04).

2586:, or by thermal chemical vapor deposition methods. Thermal CVD can be also used for deposition of h-BN layers, or at high temperatures, c-BN. 2435:

as a charge leakage barrier layer of the photo drum. In the automotive industry, h-BN mixed with a binder (boron oxide) is used for sealing

516: 2439:, which provide feedback for adjusting fuel flow. The binder utilizes the unique temperature stability and insulating properties of h-BN. 6301: 2239: 3496:

Landolt-Börnstein – Group VIII Advanced Materials and Technologies: Powder Metallurgy Data. Refractory, Hard and Intermetallic Materials

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Cai, Qiran; Scullion, Declan; Falin, Aleksey; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Chen, Ying; Santos, Elton J. G.; Li, Lu Hua (2017).

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is the most stable and soft among BN polymorphs, and is therefore used as a lubricant and an additive to cosmetic products. The cubic (

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Hu J, Ruan X, Chen YP (2009). "Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Rectification in Graphene Nanoribbons: A Molecular Dynamics Study".

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N hybrids have been synthesized, where carbon substitutes for some B and N atoms. Hexagonal boron nitride monolayer is analogous to

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Komatsu, T.; et al. (1999). "Creation of Superhard B–C–N Heterodiamond Using an Advanced Shock Wave Compression Technology".

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h-BN has been used since the mid-2000s as a bullet and bore lubricant in precision target rifle applications as an alternative to

1958:-sized inclusions in chromium-rich rocks. In 2013, the International Mineralogical Association affirmed the mineral and the name. 1911:. The thermal conductivity of zigzag-edged BNNRs is about 20% larger than that of armchair-edged nanoribbons at room temperature. 1907:, and can be comparable to the theoretical calculations for graphene nanoribbons. Moreover, the thermal transport in the BNNRs is 8954: 5191: 3786: 5813:

Chen, Xiaolong; Wu, Yingying; Wu, Zefei; Han, Yu; Xu, Shuigang; Wang, Lin; Ye, Weiguang; Han, Tianyi; He, Yuheng (2015-06-23).

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by up to two orders, and in the meantime attain long-term stability and reusability not readily achievable by other materials.

1199:. In the wurtzite form, the boron and nitrogen atoms are grouped into 6-membered rings. In the cubic form all rings are in the 186: 8994: 8989: 5304: 5000: 4644: 3511: 3285: 3089: 714: 6871: 3494:

Leichtfried, G.; et al. (2002). "13.5 Properties of diamond and cubic boron nitride". In P. Beiss; et al. (eds.).

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Due to a highly ordered planar texture similar to pyrolytic graphite (PG), it exhibits anisotropic properties such as lower

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Studies of Boron Nitride Crystallization from BN Solutions in Supercritical N–H Fluid at High Pressures and Temperatures".

3302: 2359: 72: 4496: 3498:. Landolt-Börnstein - Group VIII Advanced Materials and Technologies. Vol. 2A2. Berlin: Springer. pp. 118–139. 999: 741: 17: 4983:

Puglisi, F. M.; Larcher, L.; Pan, C.; Xiao, N.; Shi, Y.; Hui, F.; Lanza, M. (2016-12-01). "2D h-BN based RRAM devices".

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Because of excellent thermal and chemical stability, boron nitride ceramics are used in high-temperature equipment and

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Dreger, Lloyd H.; et al. (1962). "Sublimation and Decomposition Studies on Boron Nitride and Aluminum Nitride".

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Crane, T. P.; Cowan, B. P. (2000). "Magnetic Relaxation Properties of Helium-3 Adsorbed on Hexagonal Boron Nitride".

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Similar to diamond, the combination in c-BN of highest thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity is ideal for

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also has developed boron nitride coatings that may be painted on a surface. Combustion of boron powder in nitrogen

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Boron nitride is not attacked by the usual acids, but it is soluble in alkaline molten salts and nitrides, such as

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Little is known on melting behavior of boron nitride. It degrades at 2973 °C, but melts at elevated pressure.

1131:/mmc) has a layered structure similar to graphite. Within each layer, boron and nitrogen atoms are bound by strong 1046: 4872:

Soma, T.; et al. (1974). "Characterization of Wurtzite Type Boron Nitride Synthesized by Shock Compression".

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Pan, Z.; et al. (2009). "Harder than Diamond: Superior Indentation Strength of Wurtzite BN and Lonsdaleite".

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Weissmantel, S. (1999). "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Pulsed Laser Deposited Boron Nitride Films".

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Lipp, A.; Schwetz, K.A.; Hunold, K. (1989). "Hexagonal boron nitride: Fabrication, properties and applications".

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Atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride is an excellent dielectric substrate for graphene, molybdenum disulfide (

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Bosak, Alexey; Serrano, Jorge; Krisch, Michael; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Kanda, Hisao (2006-01-19).

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The theoretical thermal conductivity of hexagonal boron nitride nanoribbons (BNNRs) can approach 1700–2000

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strength, excellent thermal shock resistance, non-wettability, non-toxicity, oxidation resistance, and minimal

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The boron nitride nanomesh is air-stable and compatible with some liquids. up to temperatures of 800 °C.

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binder and is usable at 1600 °C. Grades HBC and HBT contain no binder and can be used up to 3000 °C.

654: 86: 2476:. Their high proton transport rate, combined with the high electrical resistance, may lead to applications in 1768:

protective layer prevents further oxidation to ~1300 °C; no conversion to hexagonal form at 1400 °C.

8949: 7176: 6738:"Diverse Classification Factors of Boron Nitride and Their Correlation with PBN, HBN, CBN, and ZSBN Variants" 2685: 4775:

Vel, L.; et al. (1991). "Cubic Boron Nitride: Synthesis, Physicochemical Properties and Applications".

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BN nanotubes are flame resistant, as shown in this comparative test of airplanes made of cellullose, carbon

1195:, a rare hexagonal polymorph of carbon. As in the cubic form, the boron and nitrogen atoms are grouped into 8969: 2204:

in low yield. Boron nitride reacts with nitrides of lithium, alkaline earth metals and lanthanides to form

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Moore, A.W. (1990). "Characterization of pyrolytic boron nitride for semiconductor materials processing".

6815: 6777: 68: 7253: 4522: 425: 1923:, which has exceptional strength., a high-temperature lubricant, and a substrate in electronic devices. 1073:

is called c-BN; it is softer than diamond, but its thermal and chemical stability is superior. The rare

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Goriachko, A.; et al. (2007). "Self-Assembly of a Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanomesh on Ru(0001)".

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Berner, S.; et al. (2007). "Boron Nitride Nanomesh: Functionality from a Corrugated Monolayer".

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Some properties of h-BN and graphite differ within the basal planes (∥) and perpendicular to them (⟂)

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Li, Lu Hua; Chen, Ying (2016). "Atomically Thin Boron Nitride: Unique Properties and Applications".

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Fukunaga, O. (2002). "Science and Technology in the Recent Development of Boron Nitride Materials".

4287: 355: 8984: 8974: 8934: 8065: 7909: 7826: 7169: 6778:"Fabrication, characteristics, and applications of boron nitride and their composite nanomaterials" 3591: 1221: 1058: 873: 650: 442: 349: 7727: 1544:(planes where boron and nitrogen atoms are covalently bonded) and weak between them – causes high 8959: 8792: 2969: 2798: 2600: 2460: 2309: 1502: 46: 7083: 5462:"Mechanical properties of atomically thin boron nitride and the role of interlayer interactions" 5217: 4166:"Mechanical properties of atomically thin boron nitride and the role of interlayer interactions" 3589: 2834:

resistance of the resulting material. For the same purpose, BN is added also to silicon nitride-

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3m), the same as that of diamond (with ordered B and N atoms), and is also called β-BN or c-BN.

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is a nanostructured two-dimensional material. It consists of a single BN layer, which forms by

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Blase, X.; et al. (1994). "Stability and Band Gap Constancy of Boron Nitride Nanotubes".

6319: 6298: 4288:"Directional anisotropy, finite size effect and elastic properties of hexagonal boron nitride" 2544:" (by Hyperion Materials & Technologies), and "Elbor" or "Cubonite" (by Russian vendors). 8892: 7896: 7565: 7286: 7274: 5529:"High thermal conductivity of high-quality monolayer boron nitride and its thermal expansion" 5345:

El Khakani, M. A.; Chaker, M. (1993). "Physical Properties of the X-Ray Membrane Materials".

3821:"Deep Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Hexagonal Boron Nitride Synthesized at Atmospheric Pressure" 2788: 809: 779: 199: 4699:

Doll, G. L.; et al. (1989). "Intercalation of Hexagonal Boron Nitride with Potassium".

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Lan, J. H.; et al. (2009). "Thermal Transport in Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoribbons".

3404: 869: 8851: 8767: 8092: 7922: 7601: 7573: 7107: 7003: 6909: 6677: 6642: 6580: 6529: 6486: 6447: 6331: 6222: 6166: 5997: 5900: 5836: 5777: 5733:"Nanosheets: Boron Nitride Nanosheets for Metal Protection (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 8/2014)" 5689: 5625: 5550: 5483: 5426: 5354: 5149: 5033: 4904:

Greim, Jochen; Schwetz, Karl A. (2005). "Boron Carbide, Boron Nitride, and Metal Borides".

4811: 4746: 4708: 4673: 4423: 4409:"Qingsongite, natural cubic boron nitride: The first boron mineral from the Earth's mantle" 4354: 4299: 4252: 4187: 4121: 4070: 4025: 3990: 3928: 3877: 3832: 3734: 3691: 3656: 3613: 3540: 3459: 3416: 3377: 3222: 3183: 3140: 2568: 2488: 2421: 1566: 1397: 413: 289: 225: 93: 2893:

resistance over a wide temperature range. Its unique combination of thermal conductivity,

2797:

made of highly porous BN. It typically consists of a mixture of deformed BN nanotubes and

865: 8: 8979: 8337: 7812: 6153:

Song, Yangxi; Li, Bin; Yang, Siwei; Ding, Guqiao; Zhang, Changrui; Xie, Xiaoming (2015).

5320: 5276: 4311: 4133: 3020: 3000: 2301: 2194: 2183: 1792: 1347: 1200: 1136: 1119:

The most stable crystalline form is the hexagonal one, also called h-BN, α-BN, g-BN, and

215: 7007: 6913: 6681: 6646: 6584: 6533: 6490: 6451: 6335: 6226: 6170: 6001: 5904: 5840: 5781: 5693: 5629: 5554: 5487: 5430: 5358: 5153: 5037: 4815: 4750: 4712: 4677: 4427: 4358: 4303: 4256: 4191: 4125: 4074: 4029: 3994: 3932: 3881: 3836: 3738: 3695: 3660: 3617: 3544: 3463: 3420: 3381: 3226: 3187: 3144: 2524:

at high temperatures, whereas diamond is soluble in these metals. Polycrystalline c-BN (

446: 311: 269: 249: 8964: 8802: 8777: 8654: 8499: 8420: 8052: 8048: 7309: 7248: 6831: 6693: 6596: 6553: 6246: 6187: 6154: 6132: 6106: 6075: 6049: 6021: 5987: 5916: 5890: 5857: 5826: 5815:"High-quality sandwiched black phosphorus heterostructure and its quantum oscillations" 5814: 5713: 5679: 5649: 5615: 5579: 5540: 5528: 5504: 5473: 5461: 5442: 5416: 5173: 5139: 5006: 4965: 4827: 4439: 4216: 4177: 4165: 4145: 4094: 4060: 3901: 3758: 3629: 3603: 3572: 3258: 3245: 3210: 3156: 3130: 2847: 2650: 2481: 2313: 1927: 1204: 7042: 4858: 4823: 4567: 4342: 4240: 3471: 8944: 8882: 8877: 8872: 8822: 8772: 8757: 8484: 8410: 8376: 8296: 8212: 8120: 7988: 7961: 7763: 7639: 7258: 7240: 7150: 7015: 6980: 6716: 6697: 6600: 6592: 6545: 6502: 6374: 6281: 6238: 6192: 6136: 6124: 6067: 6025: 6013: 5962: 5862: 5795: 5705: 5653: 5641: 5584: 5566: 5509: 5446: 5380:

Schmolla, W. (1985). "Positive Drift Effect of BN-InP Enhancement N-Channel MISFET".

5300: 5262: 5234: 5165: 5112: 5074: 5049: 4996: 4969: 4917: 4885: 4831: 4788: 4640: 4443: 4370: 4323: 4315: 4268: 4221: 4203: 4137: 4086: 3893: 3850: 3801: 3750: 3707: 3633: 3576: 3564: 3556: 3507: 3432: 3389: 3354: 3331: 3281: 3250: 3098: 3010: 2914: 2863: 2739: 2495:

h-BN is used as a release agent in molten metal and glass applications. For example,

2450: 2297: 2280: 2171: 1845: 1832: 1788: 1427: 644: 608: 6557: 6250: 6079: 5920: 5766:"Ultrathin high-temperature oxidation-resistant coatings of hexagonal boron nitride" 5010: 4581:

Paine, Robert T.; Narula, Chaitanya K. (1990). "Synthetic Routes to Boron Nitride".

4149: 3905: 3262: 3160: 2704:

red dye and is floating on water. Bottom: reuse of the aerogel after burning in air.

823: 8856: 8787: 8782: 8594: 8589: 8573: 8568: 8479: 8318: 8309: 8197: 8192: 8174: 8169: 8110: 8028: 7931: 7232: 7069: 7065: 7038: 7011: 6976: 6917: 6827: 6789: 6685: 6668:

Golberg, D.; Bando, Y.; Tang, C. C.; Zhi, C. Y. (2007). "Boron Nitride Nanotubes".

6650: 6588: 6537: 6494: 6455: 6412: 6366: 6339: 6273: 6230: 6182: 6174: 6155:"Ultralight boron nitride aerogels via template-assisted chemical vapor deposition" 6116: 6059: 6005: 5957: 5947: 5908: 5852: 5844: 5785: 5744: 5717: 5697: 5633: 5574: 5558: 5499: 5491: 5434: 5389: 5362: 5177: 5157: 5104: 5041: 4988: 4955: 4947: 4909: 4881: 4854: 4819: 4784: 4754: 4716: 4681: 4617: 4590: 4563: 4431: 4362: 4307: 4260: 4211: 4195: 4129: 4098: 4078: 4033: 3998: 3963: 3936: 3885: 3840: 3762: 3742: 3703: 3699: 3664: 3621: 3548: 3499: 3467: 3424: 3385: 3240: 3230: 3191: 3148: 2839: 2637: 2473: 2179: 1800: 1796: 1557: 1478: 1105: 1039: 619: 597: 539: 7029:

Rebillat, F.; Guette, A. (1997). "Highly ordered pyrolytic BN obtained by LPCVD".

4913: 4343:"Strong anisotropy in strength and toughness in defective hexagonal boron nitride" 3044:

Here wetting refers to the ability of a molten metal to keep contact with solid BN

377: 8835: 8817: 8807: 8797: 8627: 8457: 8415: 8405: 8389: 8291: 8140: 8130: 8006: 7993: 7974: 7776: 7743: 7710: 7704: 7617: 7585: 7427: 7329: 7266: 7216: 7192: 6793: 6541: 6416: 6305: 5294: 2867: 2859: 2855: 2827: 2776: 2133: 1930:

depends on the system size. h-BN also exhibits strongly anisotropic strength and

1822: 965: 338: 5235:"Wettability, Spreading, and Interfacial Phenomena in High-Temperature Coatings" 5130:

Hu, S.; et al. (2014). "Proton transport through one-atom-thick crystals".

4341:

Ahmed, Tousif; Procak, Allison; Hao, Tengyuan; Hossain, Zubaer M. (2019-04-17).

4241:"Elasticity of hexagonal boron nitride: Inelastic x-ray scattering measurements" 3725:

Tian, Yongjun; et al. (2013). "Ultrahard nanotwinned cubic boron nitride".

2842:-alumina ceramics. Other materials being reinforced with BN include alumina and 1903:), which has the same order of magnitude as the experimental measured value for 8887: 8812: 8762: 8680: 8518: 8471: 8446: 8366: 8101: 8078: 8033: 7941: 7886: 7866: 7840: 7700: 7593: 7531: 7507: 7498: 7475: 7451: 7439: 7415: 7391: 7206: 7131: 6343: 4366: 4264: 4037: 3625: 3552: 3195: 3015: 2692: 2454: 2447: 1935: 1813: 982: 970: 955: 837: 5393: 4992: 4508: 3668: 8928: 8528: 8347: 8228: 8153: 7794: 7753: 7551: 7519: 6498: 5570: 4478: 4374: 4319: 4272: 4207: 3805: 2957: 2851: 2831: 2723: 2552: 2436: 2432: 2382: 2289: 2205: 1132: 1050: 960: 845: 671: 586: 300: 6897: 6234: 5248: 3845: 3820: 3528: 2748: 8551: 8509: 8277: 7951: 7337: 6689: 6549: 6506: 6378: 6370: 6285: 6242: 6196: 6128: 6071: 6063: 6017: 6009: 5952: 5935: 5912: 5866: 5799: 5749: 5732: 5709: 5645: 5588: 5562: 5513: 5438: 5169: 5116: 4951: 4621: 4327: 4225: 4141: 4090: 3897: 3854: 3787:"Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) – Applications from Metallurgy to Cosmetics" 3754: 3711: 3568: 3436: 3254: 2881:, enhancing its thermal shock resistance and mechanical strength through a 2618:

nitride sheets have a strength similar to that of monolayer boron nitride.

2537: 2443: 1371: 1148: 5277:"INTERFACIAL REACTION WETTING IN THE BORON NITRIDE/MOLTEN ALUMINUM SYSTEM" 929: 7403: 7367: 4960: 4435: 3428: 2885:

process. It offers better performance characteristics including Superior

2806: 2697: 2342: 1951: 1908: 1541: 1269: 1192: 1078: 6816:"Boron nitride (BN) and BN composites for high-temperature applications" 6095:"Raman signature and phonon dispersion of atomically thin boron nitride" 5495: 5161: 4594: 4464: 4388:

Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F.; et al. (2013). "Qingsongite, IMA 2013-030".

4199: 3967: 3746: 3372:

Zedlitz, R. (1996). "Properties of Amorphous Boron Nitride Thin Films".

915: 7881: 7856: 7463: 7321: 6459: 6120: 5848: 5790: 5765: 4634: 3211:"Chemical and Bandgap Engineering in Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride" 2961: 2941: 2934: 2930: 2753: 2477: 2428: 2405: 2285: 1545: 1532: 1241: 1196: 1027: 922: 555: 320: 280: 6921: 6654: 6277: 6178: 5701: 5637: 5108: 5045: 4758: 4082: 4002: 3940: 3560: 3529:"Tuning colour centres at a twisted hexagonal boron nitride interface" 3235: 3152: 1565:

in the range 215–250 nm and therefore can potentially be used as

7687: 7661: 5366: 4720: 4685: 3889: 3094: 2953: 2894: 2886: 2882: 2731: 2409: 2374: 1931: 1771:

In nitrogen: some conversion to h-BN at 1525 °C after 12 h.

6474: 5024:

Schein, L. B. (1988). "Electrophotography and Development Physics".

4608:

Tornieporth-Oetting, I.; Klapötke, T. (1990). "Nitrogen Triiodide".

4580: 4551: 1971:

Hexagonal boron nitride is obtained by the treating boron trioxide (

981:

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their

35: 7379: 6111: 5992: 5895: 5620: 5545: 5478: 5421: 4607: 4182: 3608: 3503: 3135: 2922: 2874: 2843: 2815: 2735: 2719: 2714: 2701: 2579: 2533: 2509: 2464: 2413: 1920: 1904: 1537: 1452: 1225: 1144: 1062: 1035: 888: 7161: 6320:"Surface X-Ray Diffraction Study of Boron-Nitride Nanomesh in Air" 6054: 5831: 5684: 5144: 4065: 3867: 2805:, catalyst support and gas storage medium. BN aerogels are highly 2248:

Structure of hexagonal boron nitride intercalated with potassium (

881: 248: 7678: 7663: 7351: 6763:

New Steel: Mini & Integrated Mill Management and Technologies

3005: 2949: 2945: 2918: 2910: 2890: 2835: 2794: 2727: 2726:

a highly regular mesh after high-temperature exposure of a clean

2583: 2541: 2401: 1994: 1938:, showing that the anisotropy is independent to the defect type. 1630: 1287:

Properties of amorphous and crystalline BN, graphite and diamond.

1247: 1160: 1159:

Cubic boron nitride has a crystal structure analogous to that of

1070: 923: 841: 576: 364: 157:

parameter to this template to explain the issue with the article.

6436: 2688:. The center of each ring corresponds to the center of the pores 2244: 7799: 7359: 3592:"Optical gap and optically active intragap defects in cubic BN" 2873:

Zirconia Stabilized Boron Nitride (ZSBN) is produced by adding

2572: 2517: 2386: 1955: 1900: 1054: 849: 6520:

Chopra, N. G.; et al. (1995). "Boron Nitride Nanotubes".

4737:(March 1961). "Synthesis of the Cubic Form of Boron Nitride". 4526: 819: 591:

2,973 °C (5,383 °F; 3,246 K) sublimates (c-BN)

6513: 4903: 2521: 2393: 2378: 2364: 2338: 2187: 1966: 1947: 1896: 1031: 388: 260: 238: 7132:"NSF International / Nonfood Compounds Registration Program" 430: 5669: 5344: 2965: 2513: 2288:. The shock wave method is used to produce material called 2005: 1892: 815: 5976: 5263:"Wear properties of squeeze cast in situ Mg2Si–A380 alloy" 4552:"Review of Advances in Cubic Boron Nitride Film Synthesis" 4238: 2680: 2567:

Layers of amorphous boron nitride (a-BN) are used in some

2446:

from four commercial grades of h-BN. Grade HBN contains a

1581:

and the data for c-BN are summarized in the table below.

6213:

Corso, M.; et al. (2004). "Boron Nitride Nanomesh".

3405:"Thermal Conductivities of Thin, Sputtered Optical Films" 27:

Refractory compound of boron and nitrogen with formula BN

6092: 4286:

Thomas, Siby; Ajith, K M; Valsakumar, M C (2016-07-27).

3646: 2392:

Hexagonal BN was first used in cosmetics around 1940 in

1753:

Thermal stability of c-BN can be summarized as follows:

4985:

2016 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)

2508:

Cubic boron nitride (CBN or c-BN) is widely used as an

2292:, a superhard compound of boron, carbon, and nitrogen. 2264:

Various species intercalate into hexagonal BN, such as

6776:

Hayat, Asif; Sohail, Muhammad; Hamdy, Mohamed (2022).

6038: 5731:

Li, Lu Hua; Xing, Tan; Chen, Ying; Jones, Rob (2014).

5604: 5459: 5192:"Hexagonal Boron Nitride (HBN)—How Well Does It Work?" 4162: 3981:

Wentorf, R. H. (1957). "Cubic Form of Boron Nitride".

2463:(h-BN) can be deposited by catalytic decomposition of 1540:. Very different bonding – strong covalent within the 5292: 4982: 4406: 4387: 4340: 4285: 1088:. Boron nitride has potential use in nanotechnology. 5218:"colourdeverre.com/img/projects/advancedpriming.pdf" 3280:(5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 483. 3278:

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change

2952:

plane. PBN material has been widely manufactured as

2575:. They can be prepared by chemical decomposition of 1203:, whereas in w-BN the rings between 'layers' are in 6667: 5526: 3209:Ba K, Jiang W, Cheng J, Bao J, et al. (2017). 2279:c-BN is prepared analogously to the preparation of 2158:can be evaporated in a second step at temperatures 6898:"Compression Annealing of Pyrolytic Boron Nitride" 5933: 5068: 4733: 4635:Housecroft, Catherine E.; Sharpe, Alan G. (2005). 4523:"Synthesis of Boron Nitride from Oxide Precursors" 3402: 3120: 1111:All other forms of boron nitride are crystalline. 7151:National Pollutant Inventory: Boron and Compounds 6966: 5665: 5663: 5321:"Diamond and Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) Abrasives" 4659: 4111: 3275: 2512:. Its usefulness arises from its insolubility in 8926: 6775: 4549: 3953: 2900: 2594: 2229: 376: 5730: 5600: 5598: 4639:(2d ed.). Pearson education. p. 318. 3493: 3449: 3208: 2964:rods of traveling-wave tubes, high-temperature 2589: 1954:proposed. The substance was found in dispersed 1135:, whereas the layers are held together by weak 904: 224: 7028: 6943:"An Overview of Pyrolytic Boron Nitride (PBN)" 6813: 6613: 6152: 5879: 5660: 5093: 4906:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 3980: 877: 7647: 7177: 6519: 6475:"Theory of Graphitic Boron Nitride Nanotubes" 6263: 5763: 5023: 4556:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports 3918: 3724: 3303:"Diamond no longer nature's hardest material" 3173: 2905:Pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN), also known as 2323: 5595: 5379: 4936: 4801: 4628: 3116: 3114: 2948:plane and higher bending strength along the 2643: 1183:form of boron nitride (w-BN; point group = C 581:2.1 g/cm (h-BN); 3.45 g/cm (c-BN) 6765:. Chilton Publishing. 1996. pp. 51–56. 6257: 5812: 4844: 4698: 4494: 4407:Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F.; et al. (2014). 3974: 3371: 3325: 2821: 2700:by BN aerogel. Cyclohexane is stained with 2240:Graphene boron nitride nanohybrid materials 1946:In 2009, cubic form (c-BN) was reported in 1778:): conversion to h-BN at 1550–1600 °C. 147:needs attention from an expert in Chemicals 7654: 7640: 7184: 7170: 6710: 6391: 6356: 6208: 6206: 5724: 5400: 5347:Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 5293:Todd RH, Allen DK, Dell KAlting L (1994). 5071:Handbook of Ceramics, Glasses and Diamonds 4847:Journal of Materials Processing Technology 4050: 4015: 3818: 3784: 3176:Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 2760: 2612: 2274: 1967:Preparation and reactivity of hexagonal BN 1123:. Hexagonal boron nitride (point group = D 445: 310: 288: 6814:Eichler, Jens; Lesniak, Cristoph (2008). 6570: 6472: 6299:Graphene and Boronitrene (White Graphene) 6212: 6186: 6110: 6053: 5991: 5961: 5951: 5894: 5856: 5830: 5789: 5748: 5683: 5619: 5578: 5544: 5503: 5477: 5420: 5143: 4959: 4215: 4181: 4064: 3861: 3844: 3607: 3244: 3234: 3134: 3111: 2708: 2621: 2306:plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition 1081:but slightly softer than the cubic form. 412: 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 7084:"EWG Skin Deep® | What is BORON NITRIDE" 6385: 6350: 6317: 5299:. Industrial Press Inc. pp. 43–48. 4871: 4660:Solozhenko, V. L.; et al. (2002). " 2909:Boron Nitride(CVD-BN), is a high-purity 2782: 2747: 2691: 2679: 2671: 2656: 2363: 2332: 2243: 1914: 1151:dielectric barrier in 2D electronics. . 1114: 1099: 1026:is a thermally and chemically resistant 7031:Journal of the European Ceramic Society 6969:Journal of the European Ceramic Society 6820:Journal of the European Ceramic Society 6661: 6430: 6359:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 6203: 5940:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 5296:Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide 4774: 4727: 4610:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 4490: 4488: 3681: 3349: 3347: 2136:) material contains 92–95% BN and 5–8% 1886: 1883:, which are therefore used to etch BN. 1174: 441: 354: 14: 8927: 7722: 7662:Salts and covalent derivatives of the 6311: 6148: 6146: 5980:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 5406: 5129: 5032:(12). Berlin: Springer-Verlag: 66–68. 4770: 4768: 4550:Mirkarimi, P. B.; et al. (1997). 4545: 4543: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3774: 3772: 3526: 3300: 3086: 3082: 3080: 3078: 3076: 3066: 3064: 3062: 3060: 2630: 2186:boron nitride used for lubricants and 1934:, and maintains these over a range of 1926:The anisotropy of Young's modulus and 301: 162:may be able to help recruit an expert. 56:Please improve this article by adding 8746: 7635: 7165: 7055: 6993: 6895: 5325:Hyperion Materials & Technologies 5028:. Springer Series in Electrophysics. 4899: 4897: 4895: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3090:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 1941: 1782: 493:Key: WHDCVGLBMWOYDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 483:Key: AMPXHBZZESCUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 473:Key: PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 268: 6713:Handbook of Composite Reinforcements 6614:Han, Wei-Qiang; et al. (2002). 5382:International Journal of Electronics 5286: 4804:Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 4777:Materials Science and Engineering: B 4485: 4292:Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 3344: 2467:at a temperature ~1100 °C in a 2360:Synthesis of hexagonal boron nitride 1575: 1154: 131: 29: 7191: 6398:STM Investigation of h-BN-Nanomesh" 6143: 4765: 4666:Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 4540: 3769: 3073: 3057: 1067:zincblende aka sphalerite structure 503:Key: PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYAL 367: 24: 6832:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.09.005 5087: 4892: 4156: 3478: 900: 25: 9011: 7144: 4501:American Ceramic Society Bulletin 3956:The Journal of Physical Chemistry 3374:Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 3093:(92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: 7124: 7100: 7076: 7049: 7022: 6987: 6960: 6935: 6889: 6844: 6735: 6426:from the original on 2022-10-09. 6392:Widmer, R.; et al. (2007). 4453:from the original on 2022-10-09. 3819:Kubota, Y.; et al. (2007). 3087:Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). 2975: 2862:-boron nitride, titanium boride- 1254: 1232: 1212: 989: 785: 548: 185: 136: 34: 6872:"Pyrolytic Boron Nitride (PBN)" 6864: 6847:"About Pyrolytic Boron Nitride" 6838: 6807: 6769: 6755: 6729: 6704: 6628:Nanotubes to Pure BN Nanotubes" 6607: 6564: 6473:Rubio, A.; et al. (1994). 6466: 6292: 6086: 6032: 5970: 5927: 5873: 5806: 5757: 5520: 5453: 5373: 5338: 5313: 5269: 5255: 5241: 5227: 5210: 5184: 5123: 5062: 5017: 4976: 4930: 4865: 4838: 4795: 4692: 4653: 4601: 4574: 4515: 4471: 4457: 4400: 4381: 4334: 4279: 4232: 4105: 4044: 4009: 3983:The Journal of Chemical Physics 3947: 3912: 3812: 3718: 3675: 3640: 3583: 3520: 3443: 3396: 3365: 3038: 2562: 2353: 2348: 2271:intercalate or alkali metals. 2236:Graphite intercalation compound 1585:Reactivity of c-BN with solids 985:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa). 8955:Non-petroleum based lubricants 7070:10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.03.201 6405:Electrochemical Communications 6318:Bunk, O.; et al. (2007). 4312:10.1088/0953-8984/28/29/295302 4134:10.1088/0957-4484/21/24/245701 3704:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.055503 3319: 3301:Griggs, Jessica (2014-05-13). 3294: 3269: 3202: 3167: 2858:, and composite ceramics with 1191:mc) has the same structure as 1077:BN modification is similar to 13: 1: 7043:10.1016/S0955-2219(96)00244-0 5883:Advanced Functional Materials 5737:Advanced Materials Interfaces 5409:Advanced Functional Materials 4940:Advanced Functional Materials 4914:10.1002/14356007.a04_295.pub2 4859:10.1016/S0924-0136(98)00263-5 4568:10.1016/S0927-796X(97)00009-0 3472:10.1016/S0925-9635(98)00394-X 3452:Diamond and Related Materials 3051: 2960:crystals, output windows and 2901:Pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN) 2826:Addition of boron nitride to 2686:scanning tunneling microscope 2595:Atomically thin boron nitride 2416:and other skincare products. 2230:Intercalation of hexagonal BN 1276: 545: 58:secondary or tertiary sources 8995:Zincblende crystal structure 7016:10.1016/0022-0248(90)90281-O 6981:10.1016/0955-2219(89)90003-4 6794:10.1016/j.surfin.2022.101725 6542:10.1126/science.269.5226.966 6417:10.1016/j.elecom.2007.07.019 4886:10.1016/0025-5408(74)90110-X 4789:10.1016/0921-5107(91)90121-B 3390:10.1016/0022-3093(95)00748-2 2870:-boron nitride composition. 2793:Boron nitride aerogel is an 2684:BN nanomesh observed with a 2590:Other forms of boron nitride 1961: 1548:of most properties of h-BN. 1165:sphalerite crystal structure 1091: 490:InChI=1S/B3N3/c1-4-2-6-3-5-1 7: 7156:Materials Safety Data Sheet 6876:Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd 5069:Harper, Charles A. (2001). 4874:Materials Research Bulletin 4824:10.1088/0953-8984/14/44/413 4739:Journal of Chemical Physics 3403:Henager, C. H. Jr. (1993). 3026:Wide-bandgap semiconductors 2994: 2756:and BN nanotube buckypaper. 2503: 1688:Cu, Ag, Au, Ga, In, Ge, Sn 1599:Threshold temperature (°C) 1281: 10: 9016: 8748: 6593:10.1209/0295-5075/28/5/007 6344:10.1016/j.susc.2006.11.018 4987:. pp. 34.8.1–34.8.4. 4701:Journal of Applied Physics 4367:10.1103/PhysRevB.99.134105 4265:10.1103/PhysRevB.73.041402 4038:10.1103/PhysRevB.79.115401 3626:10.1103/PhysRevB.98.094106 3553:10.1038/s41563-022-01303-4 3276:Silberberg, M. S. (2009). 3196:10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.10.076 3123:Journal of Applied Physics 2980:Boron nitride (along with 2786: 2764: 2712: 2598: 2357: 2324:Preparation of wurtzite BN 2320:methods are used as well. 2233: 2193:Boron nitride reacts with 2132:The resulting disordered ( 2019:) in an inert atmosphere: 1053:to a similarly structured 7724: 7671: 7564: 7544: 7492:Boron oxides and sulfides 7491: 7350: 7302: 7225: 7199: 6996:Journal of Crystal Growth 6573:Europhysics Letters (EPL) 5394:10.1080/00207218508939000 4993:10.1109/IEDM.2016.7838544 3669:10.1103/PhysRevB.62.11359 3376:. 198–200 (Part 1): 403. 2944:constant vertical to the 2907:Chemical vapour-deposited 2812:chemical vapor deposition 2644:Better surface adsorption 2469:chemical vapor deposition 2318:physical vapor deposition 2174:and nitrogen precursors. 2168:chemical vapor deposition 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 979: 941: 766: 761: 664: 637: 613:200 cm/(V·s) (c-BN) 532: 512: 457: 208: 198: 193: 184: 8990:Boron–nitrogen compounds 6896:Moore, A. (1969-03-22). 6499:10.1103/PhysRevB.49.5081 6308:. physik.uni-saarland.de 3359:Ioffe Institute Database 3031: 2822:Composites containing BN 2461:Boron nitride nanosheets 2427:Hexagonal BN is used in 832:Precautionary statements 480:InChI=1S/B2N2/c1-3-2-4-1 9000:Wurtzite structure type 7158:at University of Oxford 6782:Surfaces and Interfaces 6715:. John Wiley and Sons. 6635:Applied Physics Letters 6235:10.1126/science.1091979 4908:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 3921:Applied Physics Letters 3846:10.1126/science.1144216 3684:Physical Review Letters 3328:Graphite and Precursors 2761:Boron nitride nanotubes 2601:Boron nitride nanosheet 2310:pulsed laser deposition 2275:Preparation of cubic BN 2182:at 5500 °C yields 1503:Magnetic susceptibility 1121:graphitic boron nitride 1069:) variety analogous to 1045:. It exists in various 633:1.8 (h-BN); 2.1 (c-BN) 7058:Ceramics International 6690:10.1002/adma.200700179 6371:10.1002/anie.200700234 6064:10.1002/smll.201001628 6010:10.1021/acsami.6b04320 5953:10.1002/anie.201604295 5913:10.1002/adfm.201603160 5750:10.1002/admi.201470047 5563:10.1126/sciadv.aav0129 5439:10.1002/adfm.201504606 4952:10.1002/adfm.201604811 4622:10.1002/anie.199006771 2925:substrates at 1900°C. 2830:ceramics improves the 2767:Boron nitride nanotube 2757: 2720:Boron nitride nanomesh 2709:Boron nitride nanomesh 2705: 2689: 2369: 2261: 911: 45:relies excessively on 7566:Organoboron compounds 5963:10536/DRO/DU:30086239 5819:Nature Communications 5770:Nature Communications 5466:Nature Communications 4416:American Mineralogist 4170:Nature Communications 2789:Boron nitride aerogel 2783:Boron nitride aerogel 2751: 2695: 2683: 2672:Raman characteristics 2657:Dielectric properties 2613:Mechanical properties 2569:semiconductor devices 2442:Parts can be made by 2420:construction of e.g. 2367: 2333:Production statistics 2247: 1915:Mechanical properties 1663:Wetting and reaction 1567:light-emitting diodes 1219:Hexagonal form (h-BN) 1115:Hexagonal form (h-BN) 1100:Amorphous form (a-BN) 910: 160:WikiProject Chemicals 8950:III-V semiconductors 6616:"Transformation of B 4529:on December 12, 2007 4507:: 50. Archived from 4497:"Boron Nitride (BN)" 4495:Rudolph, S. (2000). 4436:10.2138/am.2014.4714 3429:10.1364/AO.32.000091 3355:"BN – Boron Nitride" 3326:Delhaes, P. (2001). 2866:-boron nitride, and 2848:borosilicate glasses 2622:Thermal conductivity 2489:molybdenum disulfide 1887:Thermal conductivity 1398:Thermal conductivity 1261:Wurtzite form (w-BN) 1175:Wurtzite form (w-BN) 1137:van der Waals forces 893:(fire diamond) 684:19.7 J/(K·mol) 8970:Superhard materials 7200:Boron pnictogenides 7108:"UNII - 2U4T60A6YD" 7064:(10): 11424–11430. 7008:1990JCrGr.106....6M 6914:1969Natur.221.1133M 6908:(5186): 1133–1135. 6711:Lee, S. M. (1992). 6682:2007AdM....19.2413G 6647:2002ApPhL..81.1110H 6585:1994EL.....28..335B 6534:1995Sci...269..966C 6491:1994PhRvB..49.5081R 6452:2015RSCAd...541186K 6336:2007SurSc.601L...7B 6227:2004Sci...303..217C 6171:2015NatSR...510337S 6002:2016arXiv160607183C 5986:(24): 15630–15636. 5905:2016arXiv161202883C 5841:2015NatCo...6.7315C 5782:2013NatCo...4.2541L 5694:2014arXiv1403.1002L 5630:2015NanoL..15..218L 5555:2019SciA....5..129C 5496:10.1038/ncomms15815 5488:2017NatCo...815815F 5431:2016arXiv160501136L 5359:1993JVSTB..11.2930E 5196:AccurateShooter.com 5162:10.1038/nature14015 5154:2014Natur.516..227H 5038:1989PhT....42l..66S 4816:2002JPCM...1410979F 4751:1961JChPh..34..809W 4713:1989JAP....66.2554D 4678:2002PCCP....4.5386S 4637:Inorganic Chemistry 4595:10.1021/cr00099a004 4428:2014AmMin..99..764D 4359:2019PhRvB..99m4105A 4304:2016JPCM...28C5302T 4257:2006PhRvB..73d1402B 4200:10.1038/ncomms15815 4192:2017NatCo...815815F 4126:2010Nanot..21x5701O 4075:2009NanoL...9.2730H 4030:2009PhRvB..79k5401L 3995:1957JChPh..26..956W 3968:10.1021/j100814a515 3933:2002ApPhL..81.4145T 3882:2004NatMa...3..404W 3837:2007Sci...317..932K 3785:Engler, M. (2007). 3747:10.1038/nature11728 3739:2013Natur.493..385T 3696:2009PhRvL.102e5503P 3661:2000PhRvB..6211359C 3618:2018PhRvB..98i4106T 3545:2022NatMa..21..896S 3464:1999DRM.....8..377W 3421:1993ApOpt..32...91H 3382:1996JNCS..198..403Z 3227:2017NatSR...745584B 3188:2008JPCS...69.1171K 3145:2019JAP...125m0901B 3021:Superhard materials 3001:Beta carbon nitride 2696:Top: absorption of 2429:xerographic process 2368:Ceramic BN crucible 2314:reactive sputtering 2302:Ion beam deposition 1586: 1299:Boron nitride (BN) 1292: 1201:chair configuration 757:−228.4 kJ/mol 735:−254.4 kJ/mol 598:Solubility in water 571:Colorless crystals 563: g/mol 181: 18:Cubic Boron Nitride 6670:Advanced Materials 6460:10.1039/C5RA02988K 6304:2018-05-28 at the 6159:Scientific Reports 6121:10.1039/c6nr09312d 5849:10.1038/ncomms8315 5791:10.1038/ncomms3541 5198:. 8 September 2014 4735:Wentorf, R. H. Jr. 4479:"List of Minerals" 3215:Scientific Reports 2758: 2706: 2690: 2482:water electrolysis 2370: 2300:is used for c-BN. 2262: 2128:> 1500 °C) 2102:> 1000 °C) 1942:Natural occurrence 1783:Chemical stability 1757:In air or oxygen: 1584: 1569:(LEDs) or lasers. 1286: 1205:boat configuration 1187:; space group = P6 1127:; space group = P6 1012:Infobox references 942:Related compounds 912: 708:14.8 J/K mol 179: 8940:Ceramic materials 8919: 8918: 8913: 8912: 7629: 7628: 7112:precision.fda.gov 7037:(12): 1403–1414. 6922:10.1038/2211133a0 6655:10.1063/1.1498494 6479:Physical Review B 6411:(10): 2484–2488. 6365:(27): 5115–5119. 6278:10.1021/la062990t 6221:(5655): 217–220. 6179:10.1038/srep10337 5889:(45): 8202–8210. 5702:10.1021/nn500059s 5638:10.1021/nl503411a 5415:(16): 2594–2608. 5306:978-0-8311-3049-7 5138:(7530): 227–230. 5109:10.1021/nn503140y 5046:10.1063/1.2811250 5002:978-1-5090-3902-9 4759:10.1063/1.1731679 4646:978-0-13-039913-7 4347:Physical Review B 4245:Physical Review B 4083:10.1021/nl901231s 4018:Physical Review B 4003:10.1063/1.1745964 3941:10.1063/1.1524295 3649:Physical Review B 3513:978-3-540-42961-6 3287:978-0-07-304859-8 3236:10.1038/srep45584 3153:10.1063/1.5082739 3011:Borocarbonitrides 2915:boron trichloride 2864:aluminium nitride 2818:as the feed gas. 2740:ultra-high vacuum 2651:Raman sensitivity 2631:Thermal stability 2530:passivation layer 2474:proton conductors 2298:boron trifluoride 2281:synthetic diamond 2172:boron trichloride 1982:) or boric acid ( 1751: 1750: 1576:Thermal stability 1529: 1528: 1428:Thermal expansion 1291: 1239:Cubic form (c-BN) 1155:Cubic form (c-BN) 1061:corresponding to 1047:crystalline forms 1020:Chemical compound 1018: 1017: 948:Related compounds 810:Hazard statements 742:Gibbs free energy 645:Crystal structure 609:Electron mobility 426:CompTox Dashboard 250:Interactive image 177: 176: 130: 129: 122: 104: 16:(Redirected from 9007: 8867: 8861: 8846: 8840: 8690: 8648: 8637: 8610: 8604: 8585: 8561: 8548: 8534: 8515: 8506: 8494: 8467: 8453: 8428: 8399: 8386: 8372: 8353: 8344: 8333: 8306: 8287: 8273: 8262: 8251: 8239: 8233: 8223: 8217: 8208: 8188: 8163: 8150: 8136: 8127: 8107: 8098: 8088: 8075: 8062: 8044: 8038: 8025: 8003: 7984: 7971: 7957: 7948: 7928: 7919: 7906: 7893: 7877: 7871: 7862: 7851: 7845: 7837: 7823: 7809: 7786: 7773: 7759: 7750: 7737: 7717: 7707: 7697: 7684: 7675: 7674: 7656: 7649: 7642: 7633: 7632: 7186: 7179: 7172: 7163: 7162: 7139: 7138: 7136: 7128: 7122: 7121: 7119: 7118: 7104: 7098: 7097: 7095: 7094: 7080: 7074: 7073: 7053: 7047: 7046: 7026: 7020: 7019: 6991: 6985: 6984: 6964: 6958: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6939: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6928: 6893: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6868: 6862: 6861: 6859: 6857: 6842: 6836: 6835: 6826:(5): 1105–1109. 6811: 6805: 6804: 6802: 6800: 6773: 6767: 6766: 6759: 6753: 6752: 6750: 6748: 6742:Precise Ceramics 6733: 6727: 6726: 6708: 6702: 6701: 6665: 6659: 6658: 6632: 6611: 6605: 6604: 6568: 6562: 6561: 6517: 6511: 6510: 6485:(7): 5081–5084. 6470: 6464: 6463: 6434: 6428: 6427: 6425: 6402: 6389: 6383: 6382: 6354: 6348: 6347: 6315: 6309: 6296: 6290: 6289: 6272:(6): 2928–2931. 6261: 6255: 6254: 6210: 6201: 6200: 6190: 6150: 6141: 6140: 6114: 6105:(9): 3059–3067. 6090: 6084: 6083: 6057: 6036: 6030: 6029: 5995: 5974: 5968: 5967: 5965: 5955: 5931: 5925: 5924: 5898: 5877: 5871: 5870: 5860: 5834: 5810: 5804: 5803: 5793: 5761: 5755: 5754: 5752: 5728: 5722: 5721: 5687: 5678:(2): 1457–1462. 5667: 5658: 5657: 5623: 5602: 5593: 5592: 5582: 5548: 5533:Science Advances 5524: 5518: 5517: 5507: 5481: 5457: 5451: 5450: 5424: 5404: 5398: 5397: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5367:10.1116/1.586563 5353:(6): 2930–2937. 5342: 5336: 5335: 5333: 5331: 5317: 5311: 5310: 5290: 5284: 5283: 5281: 5273: 5267: 5266: 5259: 5253: 5252: 5245: 5239: 5238: 5231: 5225: 5224: 5222: 5214: 5208: 5207: 5205: 5203: 5188: 5182: 5181: 5147: 5127: 5121: 5120: 5091: 5085: 5084: 5066: 5060: 5059: 5021: 5015: 5014: 4980: 4974: 4973: 4963: 4934: 4928: 4927: 4901: 4890: 4889: 4869: 4863: 4862: 4842: 4836: 4835: 4799: 4793: 4792: 4772: 4763: 4762: 4731: 4725: 4724: 4721:10.1063/1.344219 4696: 4690: 4689: 4686:10.1039/b206005a 4657: 4651: 4650: 4632: 4626: 4625: 4605: 4599: 4598: 4583:Chemical Reviews 4578: 4572: 4571: 4547: 4538: 4537: 4535: 4534: 4525:. Archived from 4519: 4513: 4512: 4492: 4483: 4482: 4481:. 21 March 2011. 4475: 4469: 4468: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4413: 4404: 4398: 4397: 4390:CNMNC Newsletter 4385: 4379: 4378: 4338: 4332: 4331: 4283: 4277: 4276: 4236: 4230: 4229: 4219: 4185: 4160: 4154: 4153: 4109: 4103: 4102: 4068: 4048: 4042: 4041: 4013: 4007: 4006: 3978: 3972: 3971: 3951: 3945: 3944: 3916: 3910: 3909: 3890:10.1038/nmat1134 3870:Nature Materials 3865: 3859: 3858: 3848: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3791: 3782: 3767: 3766: 3722: 3716: 3715: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3644: 3638: 3637: 3611: 3587: 3581: 3580: 3533:Nature Materials 3524: 3518: 3517: 3491: 3476: 3475: 3447: 3441: 3440: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3369: 3363: 3362: 3351: 3342: 3341: 3323: 3317: 3316: 3314: 3313: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3273: 3267: 3266: 3248: 3238: 3206: 3200: 3199: 3171: 3165: 3164: 3138: 3118: 3109: 3108: 3084: 3071: 3068: 3045: 3042: 2990: 2840:titanium nitride 2667: 2638:black phosphorus 2270: 2259: 2225: 2203: 2161: 2157: 2147:. The remaining 2146: 2123: 2097: 2063: 2041: 2018: 2003: 1992: 1981: 1881: 1868: 1855: 1842: 1829: 1819: 1810: 1777: 1767: 1740: 1735: 1693: 1676: 1659: 1626: 1609: 1587: 1583: 1558:Vickers hardness 1479:Refractive index 1293: 1289: 1285: 1258: 1236: 1216: 1170: 1167:(space group = F 1106:amorphous carbon 1040:chemical formula 1002: 996: 993: 992: 932: 925: 918: 903: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 851: 847: 843: 839: 825: 821: 817: 789: 753: 731: 704: 680: 665:Thermochemistry 620:Refractive index 562: 550: 547: 540:Chemical formula 470:InChI=1S/BN/c1-2 450: 449: 434: 432: 416: 380: 369: 358: 339:Gmelin Reference 322: 314: 303: 292: 272: 252: 228: 189: 182: 178: 172: 169: 163: 149:. Please add a 140: 139: 132: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21: 9015: 9014: 9010: 9009: 9008: 9006: 9005: 9004: 8985:III-V compounds 8975:Neutron poisons 8935:Boron compounds 8925: 8924: 8922: 8920: 8915: 8914: 8868: 8865: 8862: 8859: 8847: 8844: 8841: 8838: 8689: 8685: 8681: 8646: 8642: 8636: 8632: 8628: 8611: 8608: 8605: 8602: 8584: 8580: 8576: 8575: 8560: 8556: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8543: 8539: 8533: 8529: 8517: 8514: 8510: 8508: 8504: 8500: 8493: 8489: 8485: 8466: 8462: 8458: 8451: 8447: 8426: 8422: 8398: 8394: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8381: 8377: 8371: 8367: 8355: 8352: 8348: 8346: 8342: 8338: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8317: 8308: 8305: 8301: 8297: 8286: 8282: 8278: 8271: 8267: 8260: 8256: 8249: 8245: 8240: 8237: 8234: 8231: 8224: 8221: 8218: 8215: 8206: 8202: 8200: 8187: 8183: 8179: 8177: 8162: 8158: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8145: 8141: 8135: 8131: 8129: 8125: 8121: 8109: 8106: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8093: 8087: 8083: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8070: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8057: 8053: 8051: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8039: 8036: 8027: 8024: 8020: 8016: 8014: 8005: 8002: 7998: 7994: 7983: 7979: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7966: 7962: 7956: 7952: 7950: 7946: 7942: 7930: 7927: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7914: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7901: 7897: 7895: 7891: 7887: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7872: 7869: 7861: 7857: 7852: 7849: 7846: 7843: 7839: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7825: 7822: 7818: 7814: 7811: 7808: 7804: 7800: 7793: 7785: 7781: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7768: 7764: 7758: 7754: 7752: 7748: 7744: 7736: 7732: 7728: 7715: 7711: 7709: 7705: 7703: 7699: 7696: 7692: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7679: 7667: 7660: 7630: 7625: 7621: 7613: 7609: 7605: 7597: 7589: 7581: 7577: 7560: 7555: 7540: 7535: 7527: 7523: 7515: 7511: 7502: 7487: 7483: 7479: 7471: 7467: 7459: 7455: 7447: 7443: 7435: 7431: 7423: 7419: 7411: 7407: 7399: 7395: 7387: 7383: 7375: 7371: 7363: 7346: 7341: 7333: 7325: 7317: 7313: 7298: 7294: 7290: 7282: 7278: 7270: 7262: 7244: 7236: 7221: 7195: 7193:Boron compounds 7190: 7147: 7142: 7134: 7130: 7129: 7125: 7116: 7114: 7106: 7105: 7101: 7092: 7090: 7082: 7081: 7077: 7054: 7050: 7027: 7023: 6992: 6988: 6965: 6961: 6951: 6949: 6947:Sputter Targets 6941: 6940: 6936: 6926: 6924: 6894: 6890: 6880: 6878: 6870: 6869: 6865: 6855: 6853: 6851:Precise Ceramic 6843: 6839: 6812: 6808: 6798: 6796: 6774: 6770: 6761: 6760: 6756: 6746: 6744: 6734: 6730: 6723: 6709: 6705: 6666: 6662: 6630: 6627: 6623: 6619: 6612: 6608: 6569: 6565: 6528:(5226): 966–7. 6518: 6514: 6471: 6467: 6435: 6431: 6423: 6400: 6390: 6386: 6355: 6351: 6324:Surface Science 6316: 6312: 6306:Wayback Machine 6297: 6293: 6262: 6258: 6211: 6204: 6151: 6144: 6091: 6087: 6037: 6033: 5975: 5971: 5932: 5928: 5878: 5874: 5811: 5807: 5762: 5758: 5729: 5725: 5668: 5661: 5603: 5596: 5539:(6): eaav0129. 5525: 5521: 5458: 5454: 5405: 5401: 5378: 5374: 5343: 5339: 5329: 5327: 5319: 5318: 5314: 5307: 5291: 5287: 5279: 5275: 5274: 5270: 5261: 5260: 5256: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5233: 5232: 5228: 5220: 5216: 5215: 5211: 5201: 5199: 5190: 5189: 5185: 5128: 5124: 5092: 5088: 5081: 5073:. McGraw-Hill. 5067: 5063: 5056: 5022: 5018: 5003: 4981: 4977: 4946:(10): 1604811. 4935: 4931: 4924: 4902: 4893: 4870: 4866: 4843: 4839: 4800: 4796: 4773: 4766: 4732: 4728: 4697: 4693: 4658: 4654: 4647: 4633: 4629: 4606: 4602: 4579: 4575: 4548: 4541: 4532: 4530: 4521: 4520: 4516: 4493: 4486: 4477: 4476: 4472: 4463: 4462: 4458: 4450: 4411: 4405: 4401: 4386: 4382: 4339: 4335: 4284: 4280: 4237: 4233: 4161: 4157: 4110: 4106: 4049: 4045: 4014: 4010: 3979: 3975: 3952: 3948: 3917: 3913: 3866: 3862: 3831:(5840): 932–4. 3817: 3813: 3789: 3783: 3770: 3733:(7432): 385–8. 3723: 3719: 3680: 3676: 3645: 3641: 3588: 3584: 3527:Su, C. (2022). 3525: 3521: 3514: 3492: 3479: 3448: 3444: 3401: 3397: 3370: 3366: 3353: 3352: 3345: 3338: 3324: 3320: 3311: 3309: 3299: 3295: 3288: 3274: 3270: 3207: 3203: 3172: 3168: 3119: 3112: 3105: 3097:. p. 5.6. 3085: 3074: 3069: 3058: 3054: 3049: 3048: 3043: 3039: 3034: 2997: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2978: 2903: 2868:silicon carbide 2860:titanium boride 2828:silicon nitride 2824: 2791: 2785: 2777:carbon nanotube 2769: 2763: 2717: 2711: 2674: 2666: 2662: 2659: 2646: 2633: 2624: 2615: 2603: 2597: 2592: 2565: 2506: 2362: 2356: 2351: 2335: 2326: 2277: 2269: 2265: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2242: 2232: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208:. For example: 2202: 2198: 2195:iodine fluoride 2159: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2122:→ 20 BN + 3 CaO 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2002: 1998: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1969: 1964: 1950:, and the name 1944: 1936:vacancy defects 1928:Poisson's ratio 1917: 1889: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1827: 1823: 1818: 1814: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1785: 1775: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1691: 1674: 1657: 1624: 1607: 1578: 1521: 1520:−0.2 – −2.7 ∥, 1512: 1505: 1418: 1408: 1400: 1324:Density (g/cm) 1288: 1284: 1279: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1259: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1237: 1228: 1220: 1217: 1190: 1186: 1177: 1168: 1157: 1142: 1130: 1126: 1117: 1102: 1094: 1021: 1014: 1009: 1008: 1007: ?) 998: 994: 990: 986: 975: 966:Boron phosphide 949: 937: 936: 935: 934: 927: 920: 913: 909: 901: 834: 812: 798: 782: 754: 748: 744: 732: 729: 723: 719: 716: 715:Std enthalpy of 705: 702: 695: 692: 681: 674: 647: 630: 628: 600: 560: 542: 528: 525: 520: 519: 508: 505: 504: 501: 500:InChI=1/BN/c1-2 495: 494: 491: 485: 484: 481: 475: 474: 471: 465: 464: 453: 435: 428: 419: 399: 383: 370: 341: 332: 295: 275: 255: 242: 231: 218: 204: 173: 167: 164: 158: 141: 137: 126: 115: 109: 106: 69:"Boron nitride" 63: 61: 55: 51:primary sources 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9013: 9003: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8960:Dry lubricants 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8917: 8916: 8911: 8910: 8907: 8904: 8901: 8898: 8895: 8890: 8885: 8880: 8875: 8870: 8864: 8858: 8854: 8849: 8843: 8837: 8833: 8830: 8826: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8810: 8805: 8800: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8770: 8765: 8760: 8755: 8751: 8750: 8747: 8744: 8743: 8740: 8737: 8734: 8731: 8728: 8725: 8722: 8719: 8716: 8713: 8710: 8707: 8704: 8701: 8698: 8695: 8692: 8687: 8683: 8678: 8674: 8673: 8670: 8667: 8664: 8659: 8650: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8630: 8625: 8622: 8619: 8616: 8613: 8607: 8601: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8578: 8571: 8566: 8563: 8558: 8554: 8545: 8541: 8536: 8531: 8525: 8524: 8521: 8512: 8502: 8497: 8491: 8487: 8482: 8477: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8460: 8455: 8449: 8444: 8439: 8436: 8433: 8430: 8424: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8401: 8396: 8392: 8383: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8363: 8362: 8359: 8350: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8326: 8321: 8312: 8303: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8280: 8275: 8269: 8264: 8258: 8253: 8247: 8242: 8236: 8230: 8226: 8220: 8214: 8210: 8204: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8181: 8172: 8167: 8165: 8160: 8156: 8147: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8123: 8117: 8116: 8113: 8104: 8095: 8090: 8085: 8081: 8072: 8068: 8059: 8055: 8041: 8035: 8031: 8022: 8018: 8009: 8000: 7996: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7977: 7968: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7944: 7938: 7937: 7934: 7925: 7916: 7912: 7903: 7899: 7889: 7884: 7874: 7868: 7864: 7859: 7854: 7848: 7842: 7834: 7830: 7820: 7816: 7806: 7802: 7797: 7788: 7783: 7779: 7770: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7746: 7740: 7739: 7734: 7730: 7725: 7723: 7721: 7719: 7713: 7694: 7690: 7681: 7673: 7672: 7669: 7668: 7659: 7658: 7651: 7644: 7636: 7627: 7626: 7624: 7623: 7619: 7615: 7611: 7607: 7603: 7599: 7595: 7591: 7587: 7583: 7579: 7575: 7570: 7568: 7562: 7561: 7559: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7546: 7542: 7541: 7539: 7538: 7533: 7529: 7525: 7521: 7517: 7513: 7509: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7493: 7489: 7488: 7486: 7485: 7481: 7477: 7473: 7469: 7465: 7461: 7457: 7453: 7449: 7445: 7441: 7437: 7433: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7417: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7393: 7389: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7369: 7365: 7361: 7356: 7354: 7348: 7347: 7345: 7344: 7339: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7323: 7319: 7315: 7311: 7306: 7304: 7300: 7299: 7297: 7296: 7292: 7288: 7284: 7280: 7276: 7272: 7268: 7264: 7260: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7242: 7238: 7234: 7229: 7227: 7223: 7222: 7220: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7203: 7201: 7197: 7196: 7189: 7188: 7181: 7174: 7166: 7160: 7159: 7153: 7146: 7145:External links 7143: 7141: 7140: 7123: 7099: 7075: 7048: 7021: 6986: 6959: 6934: 6888: 6863: 6837: 6806: 6768: 6754: 6728: 6722:978-0471188612 6721: 6703: 6660: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6606: 6563: 6512: 6465: 6429: 6394:"Electrolytic 6384: 6349: 6310: 6291: 6256: 6202: 6142: 6085: 6048:(4): 465–468. 6031: 5969: 5926: 5872: 5805: 5756: 5723: 5659: 5614:(1): 218–223. 5594: 5519: 5452: 5399: 5372: 5337: 5312: 5305: 5285: 5268: 5254: 5240: 5226: 5209: 5183: 5122: 5086: 5080:978-0070267121 5079: 5061: 5054: 5016: 5001: 4975: 4929: 4923:978-3527306732 4922: 4891: 4864: 4837: 4794: 4764: 4745:(3): 809–812. 4726: 4691: 4652: 4645: 4627: 4616:(6): 677–679. 4600: 4573: 4539: 4514: 4511:on 2012-03-06. 4484: 4470: 4456: 4422:(4): 764–772. 4399: 4380: 4353:(13): 134105. 4333: 4298:(29): 295302. 4278: 4231: 4155: 4120:(24): 245701. 4114:Nanotechnology 4104: 4043: 4024:(11): 115401. 4008: 3973: 3946: 3911: 3860: 3811: 3768: 3717: 3674: 3639: 3582: 3539:(8): 896–902. 3519: 3512: 3504:10.1007/b83029 3477: 3442: 3409:Applied Optics 3395: 3364: 3343: 3337:978-9056992286 3336: 3318: 3293: 3286: 3268: 3201: 3166: 3129:(13): 130901. 3110: 3103: 3072: 3055: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3046: 3036: 3035: 3033: 3030: 3029: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3016:Boron suboxide 3013: 3008: 3003: 2996: 2993: 2987: 2983: 2977: 2974: 2902: 2899: 2852:glass ceramics 2823: 2820: 2787:Main article: 2784: 2781: 2765:Main article: 2762: 2759: 2713:Main article: 2710: 2707: 2673: 2670: 2664: 2658: 2655: 2645: 2642: 2632: 2629: 2623: 2620: 2614: 2611: 2607:white graphene 2599:Main article: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2564: 2561: 2553:heat spreaders 2520:, and related 2505: 2502: 2455:calcium borate 2437:oxygen sensors 2433:laser printers 2383:dental cements 2358:Main article: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2334: 2331: 2325: 2322: 2276: 2273: 2267: 2255: 2251: 2231: 2228: 2227: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2206:nitridoborates 2200: 2154: 2150: 2143: 2139: 2130: 2129: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2068:= 900 °C) 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2046:= 900 °C) 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2015: 2011: 2000: 1989: 1985: 1978: 1974: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1943: 1940: 1916: 1913: 1888: 1885: 1878: 1874: 1865: 1861: 1852: 1848: 1839: 1835: 1825: 1816: 1807: 1803: 1784: 1781: 1780: 1779: 1772: 1769: 1764: 1760: 1749: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1702: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1689: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1672: 1668: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1655: 1651: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1637: 1636: 1633: 1628: 1622: 1618: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1605: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1577: 1574: 1527: 1526: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1514: 1509: 1507: 1499: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1475: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1459: 1456: 1449: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1424: 1423: 1420: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1405: 1402: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1368: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1348:Knoop hardness 1344: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1321: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1307: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1273: 1260: 1253: 1251: 1238: 1231: 1229: 1218: 1211: 1188: 1184: 1176: 1173: 1156: 1153: 1140: 1133:covalent bonds 1128: 1124: 1116: 1113: 1101: 1098: 1093: 1090: 1059:hexagonal form 1019: 1016: 1015: 1010: 988: 987: 983:standard state 980: 977: 976: 974: 973: 971:Boron trioxide 968: 963: 958: 956:Boron arsenide 952: 950: 947: 944: 943: 939: 938: 928: 921: 914: 899: 898: 897: 896: 894: 885: 884: 862:P305+P351+P338 835: 830: 827: 826: 813: 808: 805: 804: 799: 794: 791: 790: 783: 778: 775: 774: 764: 763: 759: 758: 755: 746: 740: 737: 736: 733: 727: 721: 713: 710: 709: 706: 700: 689: 686: 685: 682: 670: 667: 666: 662: 661: 648: 643: 640: 639: 635: 634: 631: 626: 618: 615: 614: 611: 605: 604: 601: 596: 593: 592: 589: 583: 582: 579: 573: 572: 569: 565: 564: 558: 552: 551: 543: 538: 535: 534: 530: 529: 527: 526: 523: 515: 514: 513: 510: 509: 507: 506: 502: 499: 498: 496: 492: 489: 488: 486: 482: 479: 478: 476: 472: 469: 468: 460: 459: 458: 455: 454: 452: 451: 438: 436: 424: 421: 420: 418: 417: 409: 407: 401: 400: 398: 397: 393: 391: 385: 384: 382: 381: 373: 371: 363: 360: 359: 352: 346: 345: 342: 337: 334: 333: 331: 330: 326: 324: 316: 315: 305: 297: 296: 294: 293: 285: 283: 277: 276: 274: 273: 265: 263: 257: 256: 254: 253: 245: 243: 236: 233: 232: 230: 229: 221: 219: 214: 211: 210: 206: 205: 202: 196: 195: 191: 190: 180:Boron nitride 175: 174: 144: 142: 135: 128: 127: 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9012: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8932: 8930: 8923: 8908: 8905: 8902: 8899: 8896: 8894: 8891: 8889: 8886: 8884: 8881: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8834: 8831: 8828: 8827: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8764: 8761: 8759: 8756: 8753: 8752: 8745: 8741: 8738: 8735: 8732: 8729: 8726: 8723: 8720: 8717: 8714: 8711: 8708: 8705: 8702: 8699: 8696: 8693: 8691: 8679: 8676: 8675: 8671: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8656: 8651: 8649: 8640: 8638: 8626: 8623: 8620: 8617: 8614: 8612: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8564: 8562: 8549: 8537: 8535: 8527: 8526: 8522: 8520: 8516: 8507: 8498: 8495: 8483: 8481: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8456: 8454: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8437: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8400: 8387: 8375: 8373: 8365: 8364: 8360: 8358: 8354: 8345: 8336: 8334: 8322: 8320: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8307: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8276: 8274: 8265: 8263: 8254: 8252: 8243: 8241: 8227: 8225: 8211: 8209: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8164: 8151: 8139: 8137: 8128: 8119: 8118: 8114: 8112: 8108: 8099: 8091: 8089: 8076: 8063: 8050: 8046: 8032: 8030: 8026: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8004: 7992: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7972: 7960: 7958: 7949: 7940: 7939: 7935: 7933: 7929: 7920: 7907: 7894: 7885: 7883: 7879: 7865: 7863: 7855: 7853: 7838: 7824: 7810: 7798: 7796: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7774: 7762: 7760: 7751: 7742: 7741: 7738: 7726: 7720: 7718: 7708: 7702: 7698: 7685: 7677: 7676: 7670: 7665: 7657: 7652: 7650: 7645: 7643: 7638: 7637: 7634: 7622: 7616: 7614: 7600: 7598: 7592: 7590: 7584: 7582: 7572: 7571: 7569: 7567: 7563: 7557: 7550: 7549: 7547: 7543: 7537: 7530: 7528: 7518: 7516: 7506: 7504: 7497: 7496: 7494: 7490: 7484: 7474: 7472: 7462: 7460: 7450: 7448: 7438: 7436: 7426: 7424: 7414: 7412: 7402: 7400: 7390: 7388: 7378: 7376: 7366: 7364: 7358: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7349: 7343: 7336: 7334: 7328: 7326: 7320: 7318: 7308: 7307: 7305: 7301: 7295: 7285: 7283: 7273: 7271: 7265: 7263: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7239: 7237: 7231: 7230: 7228: 7226:Boron halides 7224: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7204: 7202: 7198: 7194: 7187: 7182: 7180: 7175: 7173: 7168: 7167: 7164: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7148: 7133: 7127: 7113: 7109: 7103: 7089: 7085: 7079: 7071: 7067: 7063: 7059: 7052: 7044: 7040: 7036: 7032: 7025: 7017: 7013: 7009: 7005: 7001: 6997: 6990: 6982: 6978: 6974: 6970: 6963: 6948: 6944: 6938: 6923: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6907: 6903: 6899: 6892: 6877: 6873: 6867: 6852: 6848: 6841: 6833: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6817: 6810: 6795: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6779: 6772: 6764: 6758: 6743: 6739: 6732: 6724: 6718: 6714: 6707: 6699: 6695: 6691: 6687: 6683: 6679: 6675: 6671: 6664: 6656: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6640: 6636: 6629: 6610: 6602: 6598: 6594: 6590: 6586: 6582: 6578: 6574: 6567: 6559: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6539: 6535: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6516: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6492: 6488: 6484: 6480: 6476: 6469: 6461: 6457: 6453: 6449: 6446:(51): 41186. 6445: 6441: 6438:assemblies". 6433: 6422: 6418: 6414: 6410: 6406: 6399: 6397: 6388: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6353: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6330:(2): L7–L10. 6329: 6325: 6321: 6314: 6307: 6303: 6300: 6295: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6275: 6271: 6267: 6260: 6252: 6248: 6244: 6240: 6236: 6232: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6216: 6209: 6207: 6198: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6172: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6156: 6149: 6147: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6089: 6081: 6077: 6073: 6069: 6065: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6035: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6007: 6003: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5985: 5981: 5973: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5937: 5930: 5922: 5918: 5914: 5910: 5906: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5876: 5868: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5850: 5846: 5842: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5809: 5801: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5760: 5751: 5746: 5742: 5738: 5734: 5727: 5719: 5715: 5711: 5707: 5703: 5699: 5695: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5666: 5664: 5655: 5651: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5613: 5609: 5601: 5599: 5590: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5523: 5515: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5489: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5456: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5403: 5395: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5376: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5348: 5341: 5326: 5322: 5316: 5308: 5302: 5298: 5297: 5289: 5278: 5272: 5264: 5258: 5250: 5244: 5236: 5230: 5219: 5213: 5197: 5193: 5187: 5179: 5175: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5146: 5141: 5137: 5133: 5126: 5118: 5114: 5110: 5106: 5103:(8): 8520–8. 5102: 5098: 5090: 5082: 5076: 5072: 5065: 5057: 5055:9780387189024 5051: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5026:Physics Today 5020: 5012: 5008: 5004: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4979: 4971: 4967: 4962: 4961:11380/1129421 4957: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4933: 4925: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4900: 4898: 4896: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4868: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4841: 4833: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4810:(44): 10979. 4809: 4805: 4798: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4771: 4769: 4760: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4730: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4695: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4656: 4648: 4642: 4638: 4631: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4604: 4596: 4592: 4588: 4584: 4577: 4569: 4565: 4562:(2): 47–100. 4561: 4557: 4553: 4546: 4544: 4528: 4524: 4518: 4510: 4506: 4502: 4498: 4491: 4489: 4480: 4474: 4466: 4465:"Qingsongite" 4460: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4410: 4403: 4395: 4391: 4384: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4344: 4337: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4282: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4251:(4): 041402. 4250: 4246: 4242: 4235: 4227: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4159: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4108: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4059:(7): 2730–5. 4058: 4054: 4047: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4012: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3977: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3950: 3942: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3915: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3864: 3856: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3815: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3788: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3773: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3721: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3690:(5): 055503. 3689: 3685: 3678: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3655:(17): 11359. 3654: 3650: 3643: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3605: 3602:(9): 094106. 3601: 3597: 3593: 3586: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3523: 3515: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3490: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3446: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3415:(1): 91–101. 3414: 3410: 3406: 3399: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3368: 3360: 3356: 3350: 3348: 3339: 3333: 3330:. CRC Press. 3329: 3322: 3308: 3307:New Scientist 3304: 3297: 3289: 3283: 3279: 3272: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3205: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3182:(5–6): 1171. 3181: 3177: 3170: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3117: 3115: 3106: 3104:1-4398-5511-0 3100: 3096: 3092: 3091: 3083: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3067: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3056: 3041: 3037: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2998: 2992: 2976:Health issues 2973: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2958:semiconductor 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2938: 2936: 2932: 2926: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2898: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2871: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2832:thermal shock 2829: 2819: 2817: 2813: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2790: 2780: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2755: 2750: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2724:self-assembly 2721: 2716: 2703: 2699: 2694: 2687: 2682: 2678: 2669: 2654: 2652: 2641: 2639: 2628: 2619: 2610: 2608: 2602: 2587: 2585: 2581: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2560: 2556: 2554: 2549: 2545: 2543: 2539: 2538:cutting tools 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2501: 2498: 2493: 2490: 2485: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2456: 2452: 2449: 2445: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2425: 2423: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2390: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2366: 2361: 2346: 2344: 2340: 2330: 2321: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2293: 2291: 2290:heterodiamond 2287: 2282: 2272: 2246: 2241: 2237: 2211: 2210: 2209: 2207: 2196: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2163: 2135: 2127: 2104: 2101: 2070: 2067: 2048: 2045: 2022: 2021: 2020: 2007: 1996: 1959: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1939: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1924: 1922: 1912: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1884: 1882: 1869: 1856: 1843: 1830: 1820: 1811: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1773: 1770: 1756: 1755: 1754: 1746: 1743: 1737: 1717: 1716: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1699: 1696: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1682: 1679: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1665: 1662: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1648: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1638: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1615: 1612: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1588: 1582: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1562: 1559: 1553: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1534: 1524: 1519: 1517: 1515: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1476: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1446: 1444:−1.5 ∥, 25 ⟂ 1443: 1440: 1437: 1435:−2.7 ∥, 38 ⟂ 1434: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1406: 1403: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1308: 1294: 1271: 1268:analogous to 1265: 1257: 1252: 1249: 1246:analogous to 1243: 1235: 1230: 1227: 1224:analogous to 1223: 1215: 1210: 1209: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1182: 1172: 1166: 1162: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1138: 1134: 1122: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1097: 1089: 1087: 1086:metal casting 1082: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1057:lattice. The 1056: 1052: 1051:isoelectronic 1048: 1044: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1024:Boron nitride 1013: 1006: 1001: 984: 978: 972: 969: 967: 964: 962: 961:Boron carbide 959: 957: 954: 953: 951: 946: 945: 940: 933: 926: 919: 895: 892: 891: 887: 886: 836: 833: 829: 828: 814: 811: 807: 806: 803: 800: 797: 793: 792: 788: 784: 781: 777: 776: 772: 770: 765: 760: 756: 751: 743: 739: 738: 734: 726: 718: 712: 711: 707: 699: 694: 688: 687: 683: 678: 673: 672:Heat capacity 669: 668: 663: 660: 656: 652: 649: 646: 642: 641: 636: 632: 625: 621: 617: 616: 612: 610: 607: 606: 602: 599: 595: 594: 590: 588: 587:Melting point 585: 584: 580: 578: 575: 574: 570: 567: 566: 559: 557: 554: 553: 544: 541: 537: 536: 531: 522: 521: 518: 511: 497: 487: 477: 467: 466: 463: 456: 448: 444: 443:DTXSID5051498 440: 439: 437: 427: 423: 422: 415: 411: 410: 408: 406: 403: 402: 395: 394: 392: 390: 387: 386: 379: 375: 374: 372: 366: 362: 361: 357: 353: 351: 348: 347: 343: 340: 336: 335: 328: 327: 325: 323: 318: 317: 313: 309: 306: 304: 302:ECHA InfoCard 299: 298: 291: 287: 286: 284: 282: 279: 278: 271: 267: 266: 264: 262: 259: 258: 251: 247: 246: 244: 240: 235: 234: 227: 223: 222: 220: 217: 213: 212: 207: 203:Boron nitride 201: 197: 192: 188: 183: 171: 161: 156: 152: 148: 145:This article 143: 134: 133: 124: 121: 113: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: – 70: 66: 65:Find sources: 59: 53: 52: 48: 43:This article 41: 37: 32: 31: 19: 8921: 8652: 7790: 7211: 7126: 7115:. Retrieved 7111: 7102: 7091:. Retrieved 7087: 7078: 7061: 7057: 7051: 7034: 7030: 7024: 6999: 6995: 6989: 6972: 6968: 6962: 6950:. Retrieved 6946: 6937: 6925:. Retrieved 6905: 6901: 6891: 6879:. Retrieved 6875: 6866: 6854:. Retrieved 6850: 6845:Rose, Lisa. 6840: 6823: 6819: 6809: 6797:. Retrieved 6785: 6781: 6771: 6762: 6757: 6745:. Retrieved 6741: 6736:Lisa, Ross. 6731: 6712: 6706: 6676:(18): 2413. 6673: 6669: 6663: 6638: 6634: 6609: 6576: 6572: 6566: 6525: 6521: 6515: 6482: 6478: 6468: 6443: 6439: 6432: 6408: 6404: 6395: 6387: 6362: 6358: 6352: 6327: 6323: 6313: 6294: 6269: 6265: 6259: 6218: 6214: 6162: 6158: 6102: 6098: 6088: 6045: 6041: 6034: 5983: 5979: 5972: 5946:(29): 8457. 5943: 5939: 5929: 5886: 5882: 5875: 5822: 5818: 5808: 5773: 5769: 5759: 5740: 5736: 5726: 5675: 5671: 5611: 5608:Nano Letters 5607: 5536: 5532: 5522: 5469: 5465: 5455: 5412: 5408: 5402: 5385: 5381: 5375: 5350: 5346: 5340: 5328:. Retrieved 5324: 5315: 5295: 5288: 5271: 5257: 5243: 5229: 5212: 5200:. Retrieved 5195: 5186: 5135: 5131: 5125: 5100: 5096: 5089: 5070: 5064: 5029: 5025: 5019: 4984: 4978: 4943: 4939: 4932: 4905: 4877: 4873: 4867: 4850: 4846: 4840: 4807: 4803: 4797: 4780: 4776: 4742: 4738: 4729: 4704: 4700: 4694: 4672:(21): 5386. 4669: 4665: 4661: 4655: 4636: 4630: 4613: 4609: 4603: 4586: 4582: 4576: 4559: 4555: 4531:. Retrieved 4527:the original 4517: 4509:the original 4504: 4500: 4473: 4459: 4419: 4415: 4402: 4393: 4389: 4383: 4350: 4346: 4336: 4295: 4291: 4281: 4248: 4244: 4234: 4176:(1): 15815. 4173: 4169: 4158: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4056: 4053:Nano Letters 4052: 4046: 4021: 4017: 4011: 3986: 3982: 3976: 3959: 3955: 3949: 3927:(22): 4145. 3924: 3920: 3914: 3876:(6): 404–9. 3873: 3869: 3863: 3828: 3824: 3814: 3797: 3794:Cfi/Ber. DKG 3793: 3730: 3726: 3720: 3687: 3683: 3677: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3599: 3596:Phys. Rev. B 3595: 3585: 3536: 3532: 3522: 3495: 3458:(2–5): 377. 3455: 3451: 3445: 3412: 3408: 3398: 3373: 3367: 3358: 3327: 3321: 3310:. Retrieved 3306: 3296: 3277: 3271: 3221:(1): 45584. 3218: 3214: 3204: 3179: 3175: 3169: 3126: 3122: 3088: 3040: 2979: 2956:of compound 2939: 2927: 2904: 2878: 2872: 2825: 2792: 2774: 2770: 2744: 2718: 2675: 2660: 2647: 2634: 2625: 2616: 2606: 2604: 2566: 2563:Amorphous BN 2557: 2550: 2546: 2525: 2507: 2497:ZYP Coatings 2494: 2486: 2459: 2444:hot pressing 2441: 2426: 2418: 2410:kohl pencils 2408:, blushers, 2391: 2371: 2354:Hexagonal BN 2349:Applications 2336: 2327: 2316:, and other 2294: 2278: 2263: 2192: 2176:ZYP Coatings 2164: 2160:> 1500 °C 2131: 2125: 2099: 2065: 2043: 2036:→ 2 BN + 3 H 1970: 1945: 1925: 1918: 1890: 1786: 1752: 1744:No reaction 1579: 1571: 1563: 1554: 1550: 1542:basal planes 1530: 1522:−20 – −28 ⟂ 1417:200–2000 ∥, 1372:Bulk modulus 1178: 1158: 1120: 1118: 1110: 1103: 1095: 1083: 1042: 1030:compound of 1023: 1022: 889: 801: 768: 749: 724: 697: 676: 623: 389:RTECS number 209:Identifiers 165: 154: 150: 146: 116: 107: 97: 90: 83: 76: 64: 44: 7002:(1): 6–15. 6641:(6): 1110. 5825:(1): 7315. 5776:(1): 2541. 5202:28 December 4853:(1–3): 69. 4707:(6): 2554. 3962:(8): 1556. 2807:hydrophobic 2734:surface to 2698:cyclohexane 2448:boron oxide 2406:eye shadows 2398:foundations 2343:metric tons 2217:N + BN → Li 2088:→ 2 BN + CO 1952:qingsongite 1909:anisotropic 1774:In vacuum ( 1710:No wetting 1697:No wetting 1640:Fe, Ni, Co 1531:The partly 1464:10.1-10.7 1270:lonsdaleite 1193:lonsdaleite 1079:lonsdaleite 796:Signal word 568:Appearance 533:Properties 308:100.030.111 270:CHEBI:50883 8980:Monolayers 8929:Categories 7117:2023-07-26 7093:2023-07-26 6975:(1): 3–9. 6579:(5): 335. 6112:2008.01656 5993:1606.07183 5896:1612.02883 5743:(8): n/a. 5621:1503.00380 5546:1903.08862 5479:2008.01657 5422:1605.01136 4880:(6): 755. 4783:(2): 149. 4533:2009-06-06 4183:2008.01657 3989:(4): 956. 3609:1806.11446 3312:2018-01-12 3136:1811.09503 3052:References 2962:dielectric 2942:dielectric 2935:outgassing 2931:dielectric 2921:vapors on 2799:nanosheets 2754:buckypaper 2478:fuel cells 2286:shock wave 2234:See also: 2058:→ BN + 3 H 1776:10 Pa 1739:10 Pa 1692:10 Pa 1675:10 Pa 1658:10 Pa 1649:1400–1500 1625:10 Pa 1608:10 Pa 1546:anisotropy 1277:Properties 1242:sphalerite 1197:tetrahedra 1028:refractory 780:Pictograms 655:sphalerite 638:Structure 603:Insoluble 556:Molar mass 414:2U4T60A6YD 281:ChemSpider 237:3D model ( 226:10043-11-5 216:CAS Number 200:IUPAC name 80:newspapers 47:references 8965:Abrasives 6698:221149452 6601:120010610 6165:: 10337. 6137:206046676 6099:Nanoscale 6055:1008.2868 6026:206424168 5832:1412.1357 5685:1403.1002 5654:207677623 5571:2375-2548 5472:: 15815. 5447:102038593 5145:1410.8724 4970:100500198 4832:250835481 4589:: 73–91. 4444:130947756 4375:2469-9950 4320:0953-8984 4273:1098-0121 4208:2041-1723 4066:1008.1300 3806:0173-9913 3634:119097213 3577:250535073 3095:CRC Press 2970:insulator 2954:crucibles 2895:lubricity 2887:corrosion 2883:sintering 2803:absorbent 2732:ruthenium 2577:trichloro 2534:tool bits 2414:lipsticks 2375:cosmetics 2184:ultrafine 2134:amorphous 1962:Synthesis 1932:toughness 1613:Reaction 1511:−0.48 ∥, 1506:(µemu/g) 1461:5.9–6.4 1422:600–2000 1302:Graphite 1296:Material 1266:structure 1244:structure 1222:hexagonal 1149:tunneling 1092:Structure 1049:that are 1038:with the 874:P403+P233 870:P337+P313 858:P304+P340 771:labelling 717:formation 691:Std molar 651:Hexagonal 396:ED7800000 329:233-136-6 321:EC Number 168:June 2024 110:June 2024 8945:Nitrides 7545:Carbides 6558:28988094 6550:17807732 6507:10011453 6421:Archived 6379:17538919 6302:Archived 6286:17286422 6266:Langmuir 6251:11964344 6243:14716010 6197:25976019 6129:28191567 6080:17344540 6072:21360804 6018:27254250 5921:13800939 5867:26099721 5800:24092019 5710:24400990 5672:ACS Nano 5646:25457561 5589:31187056 5514:28639613 5170:25470058 5117:25094030 5097:ACS Nano 5011:28059875 4448:Archived 4328:27255345 4226:28639613 4150:12898097 4142:20484794 4091:19499898 3906:23563849 3898:15156198 3855:17702939 3755:23325219 3712:19257519 3569:35835818 3437:20802666 3263:22951232 3255:28367992 3161:85517548 3070:for h-BN 2995:See also 2923:graphite 2875:zirconia 2844:zirconia 2816:borazine 2736:borazine 2715:Nanomesh 2702:Sudan II 2580:borazine 2510:abrasive 2504:Cubic BN 2465:borazine 2422:bearings 2197:to give 1921:graphene 1905:graphene 1680:Wetting 1593:Ambient 1538:band gap 1513:−17.3 ⟂ 1467:4.5–5.5 1453:Band gap 1419:2–800 ⟂ 1401:(W/m·K) 1305:Diamond 1282:Physical 1264:wurtzite 1226:graphite 1181:wurtzite 1145:graphene 1075:wurtzite 1063:graphite 1036:nitrogen 890:NFPA 704 762:Hazards 659:wurtzite 8749: 7664:nitride 7352:Boranes 7004:Bibcode 6952:May 31, 6927:May 31, 6910:Bibcode 6881:May 31, 6856:May 31, 6799:June 8, 6747:June 8, 6678:Bibcode 6643:Bibcode 6581:Bibcode 6530:Bibcode 6522:Science 6487:Bibcode 6448:Bibcode 6440:RSC Adv 6396:in situ 6332:Bibcode 6223:Bibcode 6215:Science 6188:4432566 6167:Bibcode 5998:Bibcode 5901:Bibcode 5858:4557360 5837:Bibcode 5778:Bibcode 5718:5372545 5690:Bibcode 5626:Bibcode 5580:6555632 5551:Bibcode 5505:5489686 5484:Bibcode 5427:Bibcode 5355:Bibcode 5330:21 June 5178:4455321 5150:Bibcode 5034:Bibcode 4812:Bibcode 4747:Bibcode 4709:Bibcode 4674:Bibcode 4662:In situ 4424:Bibcode 4396:: 2708. 4355:Bibcode 4300:Bibcode 4253:Bibcode 4217:5489686 4188:Bibcode 4122:Bibcode 4099:1157650 4071:Bibcode 4026:Bibcode 3991:Bibcode 3929:Bibcode 3878:Bibcode 3833:Bibcode 3825:Science 3800:: D25. 3763:4419843 3735:Bibcode 3692:Bibcode 3657:Bibcode 3614:Bibcode 3561:1906698 3541:Bibcode 3460:Bibcode 3417:Bibcode 3378:Bibcode 3246:5377335 3223:Bibcode 3184:Bibcode 3141:Bibcode 3006:Borazon 2950:crystal 2946:crystal 2919:ammonia 2911:ceramic 2891:erosion 2856:enamels 2836:alumina 2795:aerogel 2728:rhodium 2584:caesium 2573:MOSFETs 2571:, e.g. 2542:Borazon 2402:make-up 2389:leads. 2114:+ 3 CaB 2080:+ CO(NH 1995:ammonia 1993:) with 1741:vacuum 1694:vacuum 1677:vacuum 1660:vacuum 1631:Wetting 1627:vacuum 1610:vacuum 1596:Action 1430:(10/K) 1407:600 ∥, 1248:diamond 1161:diamond 1071:diamond 1005:what is 1003: ( 802:Warning 745:(Δ 693:entropy 577:Density 365:PubChem 94:scholar 6902:Nature 6719: 6696: 6599: 6556: 6548: 6505: 6377: 6284: 6249: 6241: 6195: 6185: 6135: 6127: 6078: 6070: 6024: 6016: 5919: 5865: 5855: 5798: 5716: 5708: 5652: 5644: 5587: 5577: 5569: 5512: 5502: 5445: 5388:: 35. 5303: 5176: 5168: 5132:Nature 5115: 5077: 5052: 5009: 4999: 4968: 4920: 4830: 4643: 4442: 4373: 4326: 4318: 4271: 4224: 4214: 4206: 4148: 4140: 4097: 4089: 3904: 3896: 3853: 3804: 3761: 3753: 3727:Nature 3710: 3632: 3575: 3567: 3559: 3510: 3435: 3334: 3284: 3261: 3253: 3243: 3159: 3101: 2814:using 2738:under 2522:alloys 2518:nickel 2451:binder 2387:pencil 2385:, and 2379:paints 2188:toners 2180:plasma 2118:+ 10 N 2032:+ 2 NH 1956:micron 1646:React 1643:Argon 1590:Solid 1374:(GPa) 1350:(GPa) 1342:3.515 1055:carbon 1000:verify 997: 517:SMILES 194:Names 151:reason 96: 89: 82: 75: 67: 7322:B(OH) 7303:Acids 7135:(PDF) 6694:S2CID 6631:(PDF) 6597:S2CID 6554:S2CID 6424:(PDF) 6401:(PDF) 6247:S2CID 6133:S2CID 6107:arXiv 6076:S2CID 6050:arXiv 6042:Small 6022:S2CID 5988:arXiv 5917:S2CID 5891:arXiv 5827:arXiv 5714:S2CID 5680:arXiv 5650:S2CID 5616:arXiv 5541:arXiv 5474:arXiv 5443:S2CID 5417:arXiv 5280:(PDF) 5221:(PDF) 5174:S2CID 5140:arXiv 5007:S2CID 4966:S2CID 4828:S2CID 4451:(PDF) 4440:S2CID 4412:(PDF) 4178:arXiv 4146:S2CID 4095:S2CID 4061:arXiv 3902:S2CID 3790:(PDF) 3759:S2CID 3630:S2CID 3604:arXiv 3573:S2CID 3259:S2CID 3157:S2CID 3131:arXiv 3032:Notes 2582:with 2394:Japan 2339:boron 2170:from 2092:+ 2 H 2050:B(OH) 2010:CO(NH 2004:) or 1948:Tibet 1747:1360 1713:2200 1700:1100 1683:1500 1666:1050 1635:1360 1616:1360 1533:ionic 1525:−1.6 1492:2.05 1458:5.05 1455:(eV) 1409:30 ⟂ 1380:36.5 1339:~2.1 1336:3.49 1333:3.45 1330:~2.1 1327:2.28 1032:boron 561:24.82 462:InChI 378:66227 356:Elbor 290:59612 261:ChEBI 239:JSmol 153:or a 101:JSTOR 87:books 8655:PbNH 8553:Ba(N 8391:Sr(N 8155:Ca(N 7976:Mg(N 7778:Be(N 7729:He(N 7618:COBH 7310:B(NO 6954:2024 6929:2024 6883:2024 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