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883:, a college of Durham University established in 1888, is named after him and is located only a short walk from the coffin of the saint at Durham Cathedral. The Society celebrates St Cuthbert's Day on or around each 20 March with a feast. "Cuth's Day", the annual college day, is celebrated in the Easter term with music, entertainment, festivities and drinking. Cuddy's Corse is a
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649:, and it serves as a good example of how St Cuthbert was regarded as a protector of his people. A modern interpretation of the Banner, designed by Northumbria University academic Fiona Raeside-Elliott and embroidered by local textile artist Ruth O'Leary, is now on display at the saint's shrine in Durham Cathedral.
390:, and later found out that Aidan had died that night. Edwin Burton finds it a suggestion of lowly parentage that as a boy he used to tend sheep on the hills near that monastery. He appears to have undergone military service, but at some point he joined the very new monastery at Melrose, under the prior
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and others, remains at the cathedral and is an important rare survival of
Northumbrian carving on wood. When the coffin was last inspected on 17 May 1827, a 'Saxon' square cross of gold, embellished with garnets, in the characteristic splayed shape, used later as the heraldic emblem of St Cuthbert in
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in 1170." In 698, Cuthbert was reburied at
Lindisfarne in the decorated oak coffin now usually meant by St Cuthbert's coffin, though he was to have many more coffins. In 995, the "community of Cuthbert" founded and settled at Durham, guided by what they thought was the will of the saint, as the wagon
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cloth of the saint and raise it on a spear point near the battlefield as a banner. Doing this, the Prior and his monks found themselves protected "by the mediation of holy St
Cuthbert and the presence of the said holy Relic". Whether the story of the vision is true or not, the banner of St Cuthbert
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in 664. The earliest biographies concentrate on the many miracles that accompanied even his early life, but he was evidently indefatigable as a travelling priest spreading the
Christian message to remote villages, and also well able to impress royalty and nobility. Unlike Wilfrid, his style of life
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until 995, when another Danish invasion led to its removal to Ripon. Then the saint intimated, as it was believed, that he wished to remain in Durham. A new stone church—the so-called "White Church"—was built, the predecessor of the present grand
Cathedral. In 999, his relics were enshrined in the
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During the medieval period, Cuthbert became important in defining the identity of the people living in
Northumbria north of Tees. Symeon noted that it was the 'people of St Cuthbert', that is, 'the whole people between the river Tees and the river Tweed', who waged an unsuccessful campaign against
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to
Christianity in 627, which was slowly followed by that of the rest of his people. The politics of the kingdom were violent, and there were later episodes of pagan rule, while spreading understanding of Christianity through the kingdom was a task that lasted throughout Cuthbert's lifetime. Edwin
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Cuthbert's shrine was destroyed in the
Dissolution of the Monasteries, but, unusually, his relics survived and are still interred at the site, although they were also disinterred in the 19th century, when his wooden coffin and various relics were removed. St Cuthbert's coffin (actually one of a
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and six bishops, on 26 March 685. But after
Christmas 686, he returned to his cell on Inner Farne Island, where he died on 20 March 687, after a painful illness. He was buried at Lindisfarne the same day, and after long journeys escaping the Danes his remains chose, as was thought, to settle at
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was given the monastery instead. About 662 he was made prior at
Melrose, and around 665 went as prior to Lindisfarne. In 684 he was made bishop of Lindisfarne, but by late 686 he resigned and returned to his hermitage as he felt he was about to die. He was probably in his early 50s.
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was complemented by his charm and generosity to the poor, and his reputation for gifts of healing and insight led many people to consult him, gaining him the name of "Wonder Worker of Britain". He continued his missionary work, travelling the breadth of the country from
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records that he was fostered as a child near Melrose. Fostering is possibly a sign of noble birth, as are references to his riding a horse when young. One night while still a boy, employed as a shepherd, he had a vision of the soul of Aidan being carried to heaven by
513:, where he gave himself up to a life of great austerity. At first he received visitors, but later he confined himself to his cell and opened his window only to give his blessing. He could not refuse an interview with the holy abbess and royal virgin
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include reference to their patron saint (always ending with the invocation "St Cuthbert, pray for us"). The school badge features a bishop's crook in reference to St Cuthbert's time as a bishop, as well as ducks, reflecting his love of the animals.
869:('A silver Cross of St Cuthbert on a blue shield, with a red lion walking and looking towards you on the silver top third portion of the shield.') The cross of St Cuthbert also features on the badges of the two Anglican secondary schools in
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is known as the cuddy duck. While on the Farne Islands, Cuthbert instituted special laws to protect the ducks and other seabirds nesting on the islands. They still breed in their thousands off the present day Northumberland coast.
861:('A red Cross of St Cuthbert on a silver shield, with three silver fighting lions around a gold chevron on a blue square in the top left-hand corner'). The Cross also features in the arms of many of its constituent colleges. The
656:, and was also adopted by the Normans when they took over England. Cuthbert's shrine at Durham Cathedral was a major pilgrimage site throughout the Middle Ages, until stripped by Henry VIII's commissioners in the
968:) opened its first shop in Edinburgh in 1859, and expanded to become one of the largest co-ops in Scotland. Its dairy used horse-drawn delivery floats until 1985, and between 1944 and 1959 employed as a milkman
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near his remains. The 8th-century historian Bede wrote both a verse and a prose life of St. Cuthbert around 720. He has been described as "perhaps the most popular saint in Britain prior to the death of
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in Scotland since 2016 likewise features the Cross of St Cuthbert, whose name is the origin of the county's name. The Cross of St Cuthbert features as the principal charge on the coat of arms of the
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708:, to the point where he became the most popular saint of Northern England and Southern Scotland. Numerous miracles were attributed to his intercession and to intercessory prayer near his remains.
361:, an intransigent and quarrelsome supporter of Roman ways, was to be a major feature of Cuthbert's lifetime. Cuthbert himself, though educated in the Celtic tradition, followed his mentor
958:. Founded in 1968 as Bishop Henshaw School it was renamed to its current name in the late 1980s. The school's badge includes the St Cuthbert Cross and the motto "In Christ We Serve".
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or guest master under Eata. When Wilfrid was made abbot of the monastery, Eata and Cuthbert returned to Melrose. Illness struck the monastery in 664 and while Cuthbert recovered, the
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died and Cuthbert was made prior in his place. He spent much time among the people, ministering to their spiritual needs, carrying out missionary journeys, and preaching.
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In Cuthbert's time the Kingdom of Northumbria included, in modern terms, northern England and southern Scotland on an intermittent and fluid basis as far north as the
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636:, which roughly translates as "people of the saint", and Cuthbert gained a reputation as fiercely protective of his domain. For example, there is a story that at the
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holds St Cuthbert as its patron saint, with the consecration of bishops in the diocese always taking place on 20 March, Cuthbert's feast day in the Catholic Church.
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columnals extracted from limestone quarried on Lindisfarne, or found washed up along the foreshore, which were threaded into necklaces or rosaries, became known as
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new church on 4 September, which is kept as the feast of his translation at Durham Cathedral and as an optional memorial in the Catholic Church in England. In 1069
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865:, formerly King's College in the University of Durham, also features St Cuthbert's Cross on its arms, granted in 1937. The Newcastle University arms are blazoned
299:, the founder of Lindisfarne, died, but he seems to have experienced some period of military service beforehand. He was made guest-master at the new monastery at
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Cuthbert retired in 676, moved by the desire for a more contemplative life. With his abbot's leave, he moved to a spot which Archbishop Eyre identifies with
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of England himself, and the saint became a powerful symbol of the autonomy the region enjoyed. The inhabitants of the Palatinate became known as the
912:; St Cuthbert's Day on 21 March is a day of school celebration. The school's houses are named after important locations in the life of the saint:
700:'s life of the saint, when Cuthbert's sarcophagus was opened eleven years after his death, his body was found to have been perfectly preserved or
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444:, Cuthbert seems to have accepted the Roman customs, and his old abbot Eata called on him to introduce them at Lindisfarne as prior there. His
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to found the monastery at Lindisfarne where Cuthbert was to spend much of his life. This was around 635, about the time Cuthbert was born.
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Additional MS 89000, formerly known as the Stonyhurst Gospel), was found. This is the oldest Western book to have retained its original
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At least Bede records no reluctance, though Farmer and others suspect he may be being less than frank in this, as a partisan of Jarrow.
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Saint Cuthbert: With an Account of the State in which His Remains Were Found Upon the Opening of his tomb in Durham in the year 1827
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Location of St Cuthbert's tomb and reburial in Durham Cathedral; behind is a damaged statue of St Cuthbert, holding the head of the
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545:), but was reluctant to leave his retirement and take up his charge; it was only after a visit from a large group, including King
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carrying his coffin back to Chester-le-Street after a temporary flight from a Danish invasion became stuck hard on the road.
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took the monastery of Lindisfarne and the monks fled, carrying St Cuthbert's body with them around various places including
377:. Cuthbert may have been from the neighbourhood of Dunbar at the mouth of the Firth of Forth in modern-day Scotland, though
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1826:"St Cuthbert's Way | Long Distance Walk from Melrose in the Borders Scotland to Holy Island in Northumberland England"
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of St John, recovered from his coffin; the original tooled red goatskin binding is the earliest surviving Western binding.
244:, today in northern England and southern Scotland. Both during his life and after his death, he became a popular medieval
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are named after him, as is the parish church. It is a rural area, with one larger village and numerous smaller hamlets.
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Argent, a Cross of St Cuthbert Gules, on a canton Azure, a chevron Or, between three lions rampant of the first
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in 1018. By the later 11th century the Bishops of Durham had established a semi-autonomous region known as the
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Thacker, Alan (2013). "Cuthbert, St". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.).
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394:. Upon Boisil's death in 661, Cuthbert succeeded him as prior. Cuthbert was possibly a second cousin of King
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The tension between the Roman and Celtic Christianity, often exacerbated by Cuthbert's near-contemporary
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was austere, and when he could, he lived the life of a hermit, though still receiving many visitors.
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part of the new Northumbrian kingdom, which was finally united in 634 around the time of his birth.
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in 1346, the Prior of the Abbey at Durham received a vision of Cuthbert, ordering him to take the
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and Durham Cathedral; it marks the journey between two of the last resting places of the coffin.
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Cuthbert's cult also appealed to the converted Danes, who now made up much of the population of
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Bishop holding a second crowned head in his hands; sometimes accompanied by seabirds and animals
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Azure, a Cross of St Cuthbert Argent, and on a chief of the last a lion passant guardant Gules.
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2349:. Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England. Vol. 34. Cambridge: University Press.
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1892:. Durham: Printed for the Dean and Chapter of Durham Cathedral at the University Press.
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Cronyn and Horie, 5–7, are the easiest guide to this very complicated history, or see
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of the recently completed Cathedral. When the casket was opened, a small book of the
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1265:"A Help to English History: Containing a Succession of All the Kings of England..."
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1723:, British Library Medieval and Earlier Manuscripts Blog, accessed 17 April 2012
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816:(r. 927–939) on a pilgrimage while Cuthbert's shrine was at Chester-le-Street.
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Papers and Addresses: Theological, Philosophical, Biographical, Archaeological
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The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints: In Two Volumes
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Another Roman Catholic secondary school to bear the name of St Cuthbert is
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750:, a modern sculpture showing the travels of the Lindisfarne community, by
704:. This apparent miracle led to the steady growth of Cuthbert's posthumous
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in accepting the Roman forms, apparently without difficulty, after the
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attempted to transport Cuthbert's body to Lindisfarne to escape from
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2368:. In Boardman, Steve; Davies, John Reuben; Williamson, Eila (eds.).
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212:– 20 March 687) was a saint of the early Northumbrian church in the
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1192:'s chapter on the coffin. Bede, chapter 42 is the primary source.
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Many churches are named after Cuthbert. An Orthodox Community in
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The County Palatine of Durham: A Study in Constitutional History
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Cuthbert's fame for piety, diligence, and obedience grew. When
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1902:"The Life and Miracles of St. Cuthbert, Bishop of Lindesfarne"
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The Lindisfarne Gospels: Society, Spirituality and the Scribe
1137:. He is called "Cuthbert of Lindisfarne" by Michael Walsh in
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was regularly carried in battle against the Scots until the
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The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs and Other Principal Saints
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2343:"Cuthbert: from Northumbrian Saint to Saint of All England"
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Aelfric and the Cult of Saints in Late Anglo-Saxon England
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the arms of Durham and Newcastle universities, was found.
333:, in the mid-630s, some ten years after the conversion of
2372:. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
2366:"Cuthbert the cross-border saint in the twelfth century"
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Rollason, David; Dobson, R. B. "Cuthbert (c.635–687)".
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The relics of Saint Cuthbert: studies by various authors
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The legacy of St Cuthbert is fictionalised in the novel
897:, founded as St Cuthbert's in 1895, was the last of the
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were attributed to his intercession and to intercessory
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The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England
2099:. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. Archived from
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1656:"Service schedule 23 August 20221 to 5 September 2021"
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to carry out pastoral work and founding an oratory at
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Bloodfeud: Murder and Revenge in Anglo-Saxon England
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entry is simply "Cuthbert", as is the entry for the
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as abbess of Whitby in 680. The meeting was held on
2086:"Aldfrith of Northumbria and the Irish genealogies"
1612:
1575:
1539:
1453:
325:Cuthbert was born (perhaps into a noble family) in
2146:St. Cuthbert: His Life and Cult in Medieval Durham
1808:"BBC – Radio 4 – The Living World: The Eider Duck"
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990:, England, has taken St Cuthbert as their patron.
624:, between the Tyne and Tees. Within this area the
541:at a synod at Twyford (believed to be present-day
497:near Lindisfarne, but which Raine thinks was near
37:"St Cuthbert" redirects here. For other uses, see
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1976:. Vol. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1738:
762:In 1104 Cuthbert's tomb was opened again and his
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2419:The Ecclesiastical History of the English People
820:series of several coffins), as reconstructed by
329:, then in Northumbria, and now in East Lothian,
1636:
1596:The Bishopric of Durham in the Late Middle Ages
812:, which had been deposited in his tomb by King
27:7th-century Anglo-Saxon bishop, monk, and saint
2271:. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.
2232:. London: John Bower Nichols and Son. p.
1135:Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England
981:Roman Catholic Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle
845:since 2013 features the Cross of St Cuthbert,
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2631:
2489:
410:12th century wall-painting of St Cuthbert in
264:of Northumbria. His feast days are 20 March (
2181:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2079:. Dublin: Catholic Truth Society of Ireland.
1298:Archdiocese of Thyateira & Great Britain
849:in the county colours of blue and gold. The
1885:
1869:"Liturgical Calendar | September 2023"
1418:
1382:
1370:
1346:
1322:
1185:
1106:by Benjamin Myers, Bloomsbury Circus, 2023.
1012:In Cumbria, the civil parish and hamlet of
3308:
3294:
2638:
2624:
2496:
2482:
2174:
1690:. The Catholic Church in England and Wales
1500:
1498:
1211:
1045:. or alternatively 4 September and in the
570:is among the objects later recovered from
62:
2244:A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West
2123:. University of Leicester. Archived from
2121:"Anglo-Saxon England and the Wider World"
1721:"St Cuthbert Gospel Saved for the Nation"
1022:is a long-distance walking route, one of
802:and decoration in extremely rare Anglian
533:Election as Bishop, Lindisfarne and death
320:
303:, soon after 655, but had to return with
119:, Kingdom of Northumbria (now in England)
2404:A Brief Life and History of St. Cuthbert
2363:
2037:
1922:"Who Was Saint Cuthbert of Lindisfarne?"
1802:
1800:
1708:
932:(red), York (orange) and Durham (pink).
832:
798:with a "Nature Goddess" pattern, with a
742:
683:
667:
581:
505:. Shortly afterwards, Cuthbert moved to
476:
405:
3041:rulers of the County Palatine of Durham
2965:rulers of the County Palatine of Durham
2340:
2261:
2201:
2178:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2131:
2083:
1732:
1618:
1495:
1471:
1282:. CUP Archive – via Google Books.
1238:
1126:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
754:. Shown here in the Millennium Square,
692:(whose head was reburied with Cuthbert)
574:, which is also an important artefact.
14:
4687:
2319:
2142:
2059:
2012:
1991:
1980:
1965:
1919:
1630:
1581:
1557:
1447:
1430:
1394:
1358:
1334:
1262:
1226:
3289:
2645:
2619:
2503:
2477:
2240:
2222:
2163:
2118:
2070:
1935:
1797:
1744:
1569:
1545:
1459:
1406:
1250:
173:; 4 September (Catholic Ordinariates)
2425:. Penguin Classics. pp. 256–65.
2413:
2399:Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England
904:St Cuthbert is also the namesake of
71:, from a 12th-century manuscript of
69:Cuthbert discovers a piece of timber
2045:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1896:
1642:
1477:
1267:E. Basset – via Google Books.
962:St. Cuthbert's Co-operative Society
24:
2370:'Saints' Cults in the Celtic World
2295:An Anonymous Monk of Lindisfarne;
2287:
1761:stcuthbertsorthodoxcommunity.co.uk
1661:. Durham Cathedral. Archived from
1594:Christian Drummond, Liddy (2008).
1277:
1084:(St Cuthbert's College, Ushaw) in
25:
4776:
4765:History of Catholicism in England
2388:
2132:Lapsley, Gaillard Thomas (1900).
2023:: University Press. p. 108.
1970:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
863:University of Newcastle upon Tyne
680:'s Life of Cuthbert, 12th century
594:After Cuthbert's death, numerous
489:'s Life of Cuthbert, 12th century
4672:
4660:
4648:
4636:
4017:Æbbe "the Younger" of Coldingham
1959:
1886:Battiscombe, C. F., ed. (1956).
1787:"Eiderdown: Famous Eider Colony"
1505:Melrose Abbey, Medieval Abbey at
628:had almost as much power as the
472:
342:, a Roman who had come with the
4560:Hwita of Whitchurch Canonicorum
2809:High Medieval Bishops of Durham
2345:. In Gretsch, Mechthild (ed.).
2149:. University of Toronto Press.
2016:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints
1945:. University of Toronto Press.
1861:
1836:
1818:
1779:
1750:
1714:
1688:"National Calendar for England"
1680:
1648:
1587:
1519:
1178:
1169:
195:Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle
4012:Æbbe "the Elder" of Coldingham
2305:. Cambridge University Press.
2268:Anglo-Saxon Art: A New History
2138:. Longmans, Green and Company.
2073:"Was St Cuthbert an Irishman?"
2060:Fowler, Joseph Thomas (1903).
1966:Burton, Edwin Hubert (1908). "
1598:. Boydell Press. p. 187.
1286:
1271:
1263:Heylyn, G. (26 October 1670).
1256:
1156:
1117:
658:Dissolution of the Monasteries
350:also invited Irish monks from
287:Cuthbert grew up in or around
260:. Cuthbert is regarded as the
13:
1:
4760:English Roman Catholic saints
3317:Saints of Anglo-Saxon England
1878:
1096:
938:, a Roman Catholic school in
537:In 684, Cuthbert was elected
425:, founded a new monastery at
346:from Rome, but his successor
206:
92:
4710:7th-century Christian saints
3735:Edburga of Minster-in-Thanet
2753:Bishops of Chester-le-Street
2299:; Colgrave, Bertram (1940).
2195:UK public library membership
1485:"St Cuthbert of Lindisfarne"
1199:
1067:Historia de Sancto Cuthberto
952:St Cuthbert's RC High School
877:and Sunderland High School.
857:, granted in 1843, blazoned
828:
39:St Cuthbert (disambiguation)
7:
4705:7th-century English bishops
4192:Eosterwine of Monkwearmouth
3700:Æbbe of Thanet (Domne Eafe)
2518:united Northumbrian diocese
2341:Gretsch, Mechthild (2006).
2320:Farmer, David Hugh (1998).
2013:Farmer, David Hugh (2011).
1992:Farmer, David Hugh (1995).
1131:Oxford Dictionary of Saints
1052:
1049:in England on 4 September.
169:20 March, Catholic Church,
10:
4781:
4303:Florentius of Peterborough
4122:Ceolfrith of Monkwearmouth
2241:Walsh, Michael J. (2007).
1139:A New Dictionary of Saints
1077:Bellingham, Northumberland
851:flag of Kirkcudbrightshire
501:, at a place now known as
36:
29:
4725:History of Northumberland
4593:
4460:Beorhthelm of Shaftesbury
4382:
4356:
4275:
4242:Sigfrith of Monkwearmouth
3999:
3851:Cyneswith of Peterborough
3768:
3692:
3651:
3596:
3565:
3437:Æthelburh of Faremoutiers
3432:Æthelberht of East Anglia
3424:
3323:
3182:
3037:
2961:
2848:County Palatine of Durham
2842:
2808:
2752:
2653:
2511:
2462:
2453:
2445:
2438:
2417:(2008). "iv.27 – iv.32".
2302:Two Lives of St. Cuthbert
2208:. John Wiley & Sons.
1998:. Gracewing. p. 58.
936:St Cuthbert's High School
663:
638:Battle of Neville's Cross
577:
401:
335:King Edwin of Northumbria
187:
177:
163:
147:
123:
110:
88:
83:
61:
48:
32:Cuthbert (disambiguation)
4545:Frithestan of Winchester
4530:Earmund of Stoke Fleming
4097:Billfrith of Lindisfarne
4052:Æthelwold of Lindisfarne
3961:Regenhere of Northampton
3522:Sigeberht of East Anglia
3477:Cuthbald of Peterborough
2431:St. Cuthbert Hagiography
2364:Crumplin, Sally (2009).
2229:The Gentleman's Magazine
2143:Marner, Dominic (2000).
1433:, pp. 52–53, 57–60.
1397:, pp. 53–54, 60–66.
1278:Searle, William George.
1110:
920:(green), Iona (purple),
193:Kingdom of Northumbria,
4616:Urith of Chittlehampton
4570:Margaret of Dunfermline
4465:Beornstan of Winchester
4450:Benignus of Glastonbury
4440:Æthelwold of Winchester
4430:Æthelnoth of Canterbury
4288:Firmin of North Crawley
4283:Augustine of Canterbury
4172:Eardwulf of Northumbria
4152:Eadfrith of Lindisfarne
4142:Eadberht of Lindisfarne
4127:Ceolwulf of Northumbria
4037:Æthelgyth of Coldingham
3876:Eadweard of Maugersbury
3730:Deusdedit of Canterbury
3725:Berhtwald of Canterbury
2084:Ireland, C. A. (1991).
1162:Cuthbert came from the
1091:Legend about his burial
1024:Scotland's Great Trails
1004:In Northumberland, the
586:The front cover of the
509:island, two miles from
396:Aldfrith of Northumbria
381:("Butler's Lives"), by
315:
274:Eastern Orthodox Church
256:centred on his tomb at
203:Cuthbert of Lindisfarne
138:Eastern Orthodox Church
18:Cuthbert of Lindisfarne
4720:Bishops of Lindisfarne
4606:Juthwara of Sherbourne
4575:Swithhun of Winchester
4515:Eadweard the Confessor
4425:Æthelgar of Canterbury
4405:Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury
4348:Theodore of Canterbury
4333:Mellitus of Canterbury
4328:Laurence of Canterbury
4313:Honorius of Canterbury
4157:Eadwine of Northumbria
4147:Eadfrith of Leominster
4027:Ælfwald of Northumbria
3911:Frithuwold of Chertsey
3846:Cynehelm of Winchcombe
3841:Cyneburh of Gloucester
3816:Beorhthelm of Stafford
3791:Æthelmod of Leominster
3755:Nothhelm of Canterbury
3740:Eanswith of Folkestone
3679:Indract of Glastonbury
3502:Hiurmine of Blythburgh
3482:Eadmund of East Anglia
3401:Patrick of Glastonbury
3200:Henry Montagu Villiers
3120:Episcopacy abolished (
3055:Christopher Bainbridge
2883:William of St. Barbara
2654:Bishops of Lindisfarne
1981:Butler, Alban (1833).
887:walking route between
838:
759:
693:
681:
591:
490:
429:, Cuthbert became its
414:
321:Origins and background
242:Kingdom of Northumbria
228:, associated with the
4580:Wulfsige of Sherborne
4505:Eadgyth of Polesworth
4495:Eadburh of Winchester
4490:Dunstan of Canterbury
4435:Æthelwine of Athelney
4415:Ælfheah of Winchester
4410:Ælfheah of Canterbury
4374:Lewina of Bishopstone
4364:Cuthflæd of Lyminster
4308:Hadrian of Canterbury
4293:Birinus of Dorchester
4232:Oswine of Northumbria
4227:Oswald of Northumbria
4072:Balthere of Tyningham
4057:Alchhild of Middleham
4032:Æthelburh of Hackness
3966:Rumbold of Buckingham
3906:Frithuswith of Oxford
3881:Ealdgyth of Stortford
3866:Eadburh of Southwell
3786:Æthelberht of Bedford
3781:Ælfthryth of Crowland
3720:Albinus of Canterbury
3684:Maildub of Malmesbury
3628:Grimbald of St Bertin
3356:Congar of Congresbury
3346:Branwalator of Milton
2962:Late Medieval Bishops
2948:Robert of Holy Island
2843:High Medieval Bishops
2456:Bishop of Lindisfarne
2187:10.1093/ref:odnb/6976
2164:Raine, James (1828).
1973:Catholic Encyclopedia
1848:The Church of England
1526:St Cuthbert's Website
1212:Rollason & Dobson
1133:and the entry in the
1060:Vita Sancti Cuthberti
1047:Roman Catholic Church
906:St Cuthbert's College
881:St Cuthbert's Society
843:flag of County Durham
836:
780:Saint Cuthbert Gospel
746:
738:Harrying of the North
687:
671:
585:
551:Bishop of Lindisfarne
480:
409:
338:had been baptised by
4585:Wulfthryth of Wilton
4555:Humbert of Stokenham
4485:Cwenburh of Wimborne
4470:Beornwald of Bampton
4445:Aldhelm of Sherborne
4369:Cuthmann of Steyning
4323:Justus of Canterbury
4137:Dryhthelm of Melrose
4092:Bercthun of Beverley
3901:Frithuric of Breedon
3886:Earconwald of London
3871:Eadgyth of Aylesbury
3801:Æthelwynn of Sodbury
3745:Eormengyth of Thanet
3659:Aidan of Lindisfarne
3578:Hildelith of Barking
3573:Æthelburh of Barking
3497:Herefrith of Thorney
3452:Æthelwine of Lindsey
3386:Melorius of Amesbury
3215:Brooke Foss Westcott
3210:J. B. Lightfoot
3038:Early modern Bishops
2863:William de St-Calais
2326:. Penguin Classics.
2247:. Liturgical Press.
2119:Jones, G.R. (n.d.).
2071:Healy, John (1909).
1995:Benedict's Disciples
1510:20 July 2006 at the
1188:, pp. 2–22 and
999:St. Cuthbert's beads
875:Dame Allan's Schools
855:University of Durham
794:of 909–916, made of
766:translated to a new
736:at the start of the
721:St Cuthbert's church
622:Palatinate of Durham
572:St Cuthbert's coffin
519:Oswiu of Northumbria
495:St Cuthbert's Island
463:St Cuthbert's Church
431:praepositus hospitum
284:, Catholic Church).
30:For other uses, see
4740:Northumbrian saints
4550:Hædde of Winchester
4520:Eadweard the Martyr
4480:Cuthburh of Wimborn
4420:Æthelflæd of Romsey
4343:Peter of Canterbury
4222:Osthryth of Bardney
4112:Ceadda of Lichfield
3991:Wulfhild of Barking
3976:Werburgh of Chester
3951:Oswald of Worcester
3941:Milred of Worcester
3926:Mildburh of Wenlock
3916:Hæmma of Leominster
3861:Eadburh of Pershore
3856:Eadburh of Bicester
3643:Wulfram of Grantham
3633:Monegunda of Watton
3542:Walstan of Bawburgh
3532:Torthred of Thorney
3492:Guthlac of Crowland
3442:Æthelflæd of Ramsey
3381:Judoc of Winchester
3371:Elfin of Warrington
3341:Brannoc of Braunton
3183:Late modern Bishops
3174:William Van Mildert
2127:on 13 January 2007.
1668:on 4 September 2021
1421:, pp. 115–141.
1385:, pp. 122–129.
1373:, pp. 115–116.
1349:, pp. 125–141.
1325:, pp. 120–125.
1304:on 17 December 2019
1253:, pp. 136–137.
972:, who later played
940:Newcastle upon Tyne
559:Archbishop Theodore
280:) and 4 September (
77:Life of St Cuthbert
4745:People from Dunbar
4735:Colombanian saints
4611:Rumbold of Mechlin
4475:Centwine of Wessex
4455:Beocca of Chertsey
4257:Wilfrith of Hexham
4252:Wihtberht of Ripon
4162:Ealdberht of Ripon
4132:Cuthbert of Durham
4062:Alchmund of Hexham
4047:Æthelwold of Farne
4042:Æthelsige of Ripon
3956:Osburh of Coventry
3936:Mildrith of Thanet
3896:Freomund of Mercia
3836:Cyneburh of Castor
3821:Coenwulf of Mercia
3796:Æthelred of Mercia
3760:Sigeburh of Thanet
3750:Mildrith of Thanet
3710:Æthelburh of Kent
3705:Æthelberht of Kent
3652:Irish and Scottish
3608:Balthild of Romsey
3527:Tancred of Thorney
3467:Botwulf of Thorney
3457:Athwulf of Thorney
3447:Æthelthryth of Ely
3416:Sativola of Exeter
3406:Rumon of Tavistock
3391:Nectan of Hartland
3366:Decuman of Watchet
2928:Thomas de Melsonby
2410:Historical Society
2066:. Surtees Society.
1937:Brown, Michelle P.
1906:Fordham University
1767:on 26 October 2022
1530:Church of Scotland
1491:on 23 August 2006.
1073:St Cuthbert's Well
910:Epsom, New Zealand
839:
760:
694:
682:
592:
588:St Cuthbert Gospel
568:St Cuthbert Gospel
517:, the daughter of
503:St Cuthbert's Cave
491:
485:on Coquet Island,
415:
142:Church of Scotland
4715:Bishops of Hexham
4624:
4623:
4601:Arilda of Oldbury
4565:Mærwynn of Romsey
4510:Eadgyth of Wilton
4500:Eadgar of England
4400:Ælfgifu of Exeter
4395:Ælfgar of Selwood
4247:Tatberht of Ripon
4182:Ecgberht of Ripon
4117:Cedd of Lichfield
4022:Ælfflæd of Whitby
3986:Wigstan of Repton
3946:Oda of Canterbury
3831:Credan of Evesham
3811:Beonna of Breedon
3664:Boisil of Melrose
3638:Odwulf of Evesham
3487:Eadnoth of Ramsey
3472:Cissa of Crowland
3361:Dachuna of Bodmin
3336:Barloc of Norbury
3283:
3282:
3265:N. T. Wright
3070:Cuthbert Tunstall
2979:Lewis de Beaumont
2938:Walter of Kirkham
2647:Bishops of Durham
2613:
2612:
2505:Bishops of Hexham
2472:
2471:
2463:Succeeded by
2423:Leo Sherley-Price
2406:by John Butcher,
2356:978-1-139-44865-9
2333:978-0-140-44727-9
2312:978-0-521-31385-8
2278:978-0-8014-7766-9
2254:978-0-8146-3186-7
2215:978-1-118-31610-8
2193:(Subscription or
2156:978-0-8020-3518-9
2030:978-0-19-959660-7
1952:978-0-8020-8597-9
1830:St Cuthbert's Way
1515:Melrose, Scotland
1409:, pp. 64–66.
1035:Church of England
1020:St Cuthbert's Way
1014:Holme St Cuthbert
889:Chester-Le-Street
837:Cross of Cuthbert
725:Chester-le-Street
676:of Cuthbert from
618:Liberty of Durham
612:the Scots at the
529:, further south.
483:Ælfflæd of Whitby
344:Gregorian mission
293:Old Melrose Abbey
270:Church of England
200:
199:
124:Venerated in
106:(now in Scotland)
16:(Redirected from
4772:
4730:Incorrupt saints
4677:
4676:
4675:
4665:
4664:
4653:
4652:
4651:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4632:
4535:Edor of Chertsey
4525:Eadwold of Cerne
4390:Æbbe of Abingdon
4338:Paulinus of York
4318:James the Deacon
4267:Wilgils of Ripon
4237:Sicgred of Ripon
4212:John of Beverley
4107:Botwine of Ripon
4082:Bega of Copeland
4067:Alkmund of Derby
3891:Egwin of Evesham
3826:Cotta of Breedon
3776:Ælfnoth of Stowe
3715:Æthelred of Kent
3674:Ultan the Scribe
3623:Helier of Jersey
3557:Wulfric of Holme
3462:Blida of Martham
3396:Neot of Cornwall
3351:Credan of Bodmin
3331:Aldate of Oxford
3310:
3303:
3296:
3287:
3286:
3260:Michael Turnbull
3169:Shute Barrington
3105:George Montaigne
3075:James Pilkington
3050:William Senhouse
3042:
2966:
2943:Robert Stitchill
2933:Nicholas Farnham
2893:Philip of Poitou
2850:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2617:
2616:
2548:John of Beverley
2498:
2491:
2484:
2475:
2474:
2446:Preceded by
2440:Christian titles
2436:
2435:
2426:
2421:. Translated by
2383:
2360:
2337:
2316:
2282:
2258:
2237:
2219:
2198:
2190:
2171:
2160:
2139:
2128:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2106:on 24 April 2009
2105:
2090:
2080:
2067:
2056:
2034:
2019:(5th ed.).
2009:
1988:
1977:
1963:
1962:
1956:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1893:
1873:
1872:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1804:
1795:
1794:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1763:. Archived from
1754:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1667:
1660:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1555:
1549:
1543:
1537:
1532:, Lothian Road,
1523:
1517:
1502:
1493:
1492:
1487:. Archived from
1481:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1419:Battiscombe 1956
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1383:Battiscombe 1956
1380:
1374:
1371:Battiscombe 1956
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1347:Battiscombe 1956
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1323:Battiscombe 1956
1320:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1300:. Archived from
1290:
1284:
1283:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1230:
1224:
1215:
1209:
1193:
1186:Battiscombe 1956
1182:
1176:
1173:
1167:
1160:
1154:
1121:
730:Bishop Æthelwine
626:Bishop of Durham
614:Battle of Carham
539:Bishop of Hexham
521:, who succeeded
412:Durham Cathedral
340:Paulinus of York
307:to Melrose when
278:Episcopal Church
258:Durham Cathedral
250:Northern England
214:Celtic tradition
211:
208:
171:Episcopal Church
157:Durham Cathedral
153:
97:
94:
66:
46:
45:
21:
4780:
4779:
4775:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4770:
4769:
4755:Anglican saints
4750:Miracle workers
4685:
4684:
4683:
4673:
4671:
4659:
4649:
4647:
4637:
4635:
4627:
4625:
4620:
4589:
4378:
4352:
4271:
4217:Osana of Howden
4197:Hilda of Whitby
4087:Benedict Biscop
3995:
3971:Tibba of Ryhall
3764:
3688:
3647:
3618:Felix of Dommoc
3600:
3598:
3592:
3588:Sæbbi of London
3561:
3552:Wihtburh of Ely
3537:Tova of Thorney
3517:Seaxburh of Ely
3512:Pega of Peakirk
3507:Huna of Thorney
3420:
3324:British / Welsh
3319:
3314:
3284:
3279:
3240:Maurice Harland
3195:Charles Longley
3178:
3144:Edward Chandler
3043:
3040:
3039:
3033:
2989:Thomas Hatfield
2984:Richard de Bury
2967:
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2868:Ranulf Flambard
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2323:The Age of Bede
2313:
2290:
2288:Further reading
2285:
2279:
2263:Webster, Leslie
2255:
2224:Urban, Sylvanus
2216:
2192:
2157:
2109:
2107:
2103:
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2063:Rites of Durham
2053:
2039:Fletcher, R. A.
2031:
2006:
1960:
1953:
1926:
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1920:Belvue (2020).
1910:
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1039:Lesser Festival
899:Woodard Schools
895:Worksop College
831:
822:Ernst Kitzinger
809:opus anglicanum
784:British Library
666:
654:Kingdom of York
580:
535:
481:Cuthbert meets
475:
442:Synod of Whitby
404:
367:Synod of Whitby
323:
318:
282:Church in Wales
266:Catholic Church
209:
148:
136:
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128:Catholic Church
115:
98:
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79:
57:
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35:
28:
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3235:Michael Ramsey
3232:
3230:Alwyn Williams
3227:
3225:Hensley Henson
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3205:Charles Baring
3202:
3197:
3192:
3186:
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3166:
3164:Thomas Thurlow
3161:
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3154:Richard Trevor
3151:
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3141:
3139:William Talbot
3136:
3134:Nathaniel Crew
3131:
3126:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3090:Tobias Matthew
3087:
3085:Matthew Hutton
3082:
3080:Richard Barnes
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3060:Thomas Ruthall
3057:
3052:
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3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3019:William Dudley
3016:
3014:Lawrence Booth
3011:
3009:Robert Neville
3006:
3004:Thomas Langley
3001:
2999:Walter Skirlaw
2996:
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2974:Richard Kellaw
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2888:Hugh de Puiset
2885:
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2873:Geoffrey Rufus
2870:
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2846:rulers of the
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2602:See united to
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2461:
2452:
2449:Eata of Hexham
2447:
2443:
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2411:
2401:
2390:
2389:External links
2387:
2385:
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2010:
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1989:
1978:
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1933:
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1877:
1875:
1874:
1860:
1844:"The Calendar"
1835:
1817:
1796:
1778:
1749:
1737:
1735:, p. 172.
1725:
1713:
1711:, p. 180.
1701:
1679:
1647:
1635:
1633:, p. 107.
1623:
1611:
1604:
1586:
1574:
1572:, p. 504.
1562:
1560:, p. 371.
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1375:
1363:
1351:
1339:
1327:
1315:
1285:
1270:
1255:
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1231:
1229:, p. 108.
1216:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1177:
1168:
1155:
1141:. His name in
1115:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1079:
1070:
1063:
1054:
1051:
944:school prayers
901:to be opened.
847:counterchanged
830:
827:
796:Byzantine silk
776:Gospel of John
752:Fenwick Lawson
690:king St Oswald
674:incorrupt body
665:
662:
579:
576:
534:
531:
474:
471:
459:Dull, Scotland
403:
400:
375:Firth of Forth
322:
319:
317:
314:
305:Eata of Hexham
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3606:
3605:
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3601:and Old Saxon
3595:
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3579:
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3574:
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3411:Samson of Dol
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3376:Ivo of Ramsey
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3255:David Jenkins
3253:
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3220:Handley Moule
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
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3201:
3198:
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3190:Edward Maltby
3188:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3175:
3172:
3170:
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3149:Joseph Butler
3147:
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3142:
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3137:
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3130:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3118:
3116:
3115:Thomas Morton
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3100:Richard Neile
3098:
3096:
3095:William James
3093:
3091:
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3086:
3083:
3081:
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3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3065:Thomas Wolsey
3063:
3061:
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3047:
3045:
3036:
3030:
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3025:
3024:John Sherwood
3022:
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2921:
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2913:Richard Marsh
2911:
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2898:Richard Poore
2896:
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2005:0-85244-274-2
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1997:
1996:
1990:
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1975:
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1938:
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1791:eiderdown.org
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1709:Fletcher 2003
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1605:9781843833772
1601:
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1590:
1583:
1578:
1571:
1566:
1559:
1554:
1548:, p. ii.
1547:
1542:
1535:
1531:
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1516:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1499:
1490:
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1473:
1468:
1462:, p. 78.
1461:
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1415:
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1391:
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1360:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1337:, p. 57.
1336:
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1319:
1303:
1299:
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1280:"onomasticon"
1274:
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1208:
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1149:and in Latin
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1100:
1092:
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1086:County Durham
1083:
1082:Ushaw College
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691:
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606:
605:Thomas Becket
601:
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527:Coquet Island
524:
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496:
488:
484:
479:
473:Hermit's life
470:
468:
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70:
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44:
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4667:Christianity
4131:
4102:Bosa of York
4000:Northumbrian
3425:East Anglian
3270:Justin Welby
3250:John Habgood
3159:John Egerton
3122:Commonwealth
3119:
3029:Richard Foxe
2994:John Fordham
2918:William Scot
2903:John de Gray
2693:
2680:
2601:
2566:Frithubeorht
2515:
2454:
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2322:
2301:
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2176:
2166:
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2125:the original
2108:. Retrieved
2101:the original
2096:
2092:
2076:
2062:
2042:
2015:
1994:
1983:
1971:
1968:St. Cuthbert
1941:
1925:. Retrieved
1909:. Retrieved
1888:
1863:
1851:. Retrieved
1847:
1838:
1829:
1820:
1811:
1790:
1781:
1769:. Retrieved
1765:the original
1760:
1758:"Loading..."
1752:
1740:
1733:Webster 2012
1728:
1716:
1704:
1692:. Retrieved
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1663:the original
1650:
1638:
1626:
1619:Lapsley 1900
1614:
1595:
1589:
1584:, p. 9.
1577:
1565:
1553:
1541:
1521:
1489:the original
1479:
1472:Ireland 1991
1467:
1455:
1426:
1414:
1402:
1390:
1378:
1366:
1354:
1342:
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1318:
1306:. Retrieved
1302:the original
1297:
1288:
1273:
1258:
1246:
1239:Thacker 2013
1234:
1207:
1180:
1171:
1158:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1119:
1103:
1065:
1058:
1029:Cuthbert is
1028:
1018:
1011:
1003:
992:
988:Chesterfield
985:
978:
970:Sean Connery
960:
949:
934:
903:
893:
879:
866:
858:
840:
818:
807:
761:
747:
734:King William
710:
695:
651:
633:
620:, later the
610:
593:
536:
492:
439:
430:
416:
383:Alban Butler
378:
372:
356:
324:
286:
262:patron saint
202:
201:
114:20 March 687
76:
68:
43:
4357:South Saxon
4262:Wilfrith II
3275:Paul Butler
3110:John Howson
2604:Lindisfarne
1694:4 September
1672:4 September
1631:Fowler 1903
1582:Marner 2000
1558:Butler 1833
1448:Burton 1908
1431:Farmer 1995
1395:Farmer 1995
1359:Farmer 1995
1335:Farmer 1995
1227:Farmer 2011
1143:Old English
993:Fossilised
926:Lindisfarne
788:bookbinding
770:behind the
748:The Journey
711:In 875 the
647:Reformation
634:haliwerfolc
507:Inner Farne
238:Lindisfarne
230:monasteries
216:. He was a
133:Anglicanism
117:Inner Farne
104:Northumbria
4700:687 deaths
4695:634 births
4689:Categories
4383:West Saxon
3566:East Saxon
3245:Ian Ramsey
3129:John Cosin
2953:Antony Bek
2681:United to
2582:Æthelberht
2395:Cuthbert 1
2197:required.)
1879:References
1771:26 October
1570:Urban 1852
1546:Raine 1828
1460:Healy 1909
1407:Brown 2003
1294:"Cuthbert"
1251:Walsh 2007
1151:Cuthbertus
1097:In fiction
1031:remembered
1006:eider duck
974:James Bond
916:(yellow),
804:embroidery
446:asceticism
440:After the
421:, king of
289:Lauderdale
210: 634
179:Attributes
96: 634
4655:Biography
4540:Evorhilda
3597:Frisian,
2834:Æthelwine
2729:Heathwred
2709:Æthelwold
2577:Tilbeorht
1812:bbc.co.uk
1745:Jones n.d
1534:Edinburgh
1308:1 October
1200:Citations
1147:Cūþbeorht
928:(white),
885:waymarked
873:, namely
829:Namesakes
814:Æthelstan
792:vestments
702:incorrupt
467:Edinburgh
419:Alchfrith
252:, with a
189:Patronage
159:, England
3931:Mildgyth
3599:Frankish
3547:Wendreda
2829:Æthelric
2765:Cutheard
2714:Cynewulf
2704:Eadfrith
2699:Eadberht
2694:Cuthbert
2597:Tidfrith
2592:Eanbehrt
2587:Heardred
2572:Eahlmund
2536:Cuthbert
2530:Trumbert
2466:Eadberht
2460:685–687
2265:(2012).
2226:(1852).
2041:(2003).
1987:. Coyne.
1939:(2003).
1911:20 March
1853:27 March
1643:Bede 721
1508:Archived
1164:Bernicia
1053:See also
1043:20 March
956:Rochdale
924:(blue),
914:Dunblane
642:corporal
596:miracles
547:Ecgfrith
543:Alnmouth
523:St Hilda
511:Bamburgh
455:Galloway
331:Scotland
56:Cuthbert
4679:England
4629:Portals
4167:Eanmund
3981:Wærstan
3921:Merefin
3769:Mercian
3693:Kentish
2858:Walcher
2795:Ælfsige
2790:Ealdred
2785:Sexhelm
2760:Eardulf
2744:Eardulf
2739:Eanbert
2719:Higbald
2554:Wilfrid
2408:Melrose
2093:Celtica
1900:(721).
1536:church.
1037:with a
1033:in the
995:crinoid
966:Scotmid
930:Melrose
717:Melrose
515:Elfleda
499:Holburn
451:Berwick
359:Wilfrid
309:Wilfrid
291:, near
240:in the
234:Melrose
4643:Saints
4298:Blaise
4202:Hyglac
3583:Osgyth
2908:Morgan
2824:Eadred
2819:Edmund
2815:Aldhun
2800:Aldhun
2780:Uhtred
2775:Wigred
2770:Tilred
2734:Ecgred
2724:Egbert
2671:Colmán
2376:
2353:
2330:
2309:
2275:
2251:
2212:
2191:
2153:
2110:5 June
2049:
2027:
2021:Oxford
2002:
1964:
1949:
1927:14 May
1602:
768:shrine
764:relics
756:Durham
706:cultus
664:Relics
600:prayer
578:Legacy
564:Durham
402:Career
392:Boisil
388:angels
348:Oswald
327:Dunbar
226:hermit
222:bishop
151:shrine
149:Major
100:Dunbar
84:Bishop
4276:Roman
2666:Finan
2661:Aidan
2104:(PDF)
2089:(PDF)
1666:(PDF)
1659:(PDF)
1111:Notes
1104:Cuddy
964:(now
922:Kelso
918:Elgin
800:stole
782:(now
772:altar
713:Danes
435:prior
427:Ripon
423:Deira
301:Ripon
297:Aidan
246:saint
165:Feast
51:Saint
4187:Eoda
2689:Eata
2683:York
2676:Tuda
2560:Acca
2542:Eata
2525:Eata
2415:Bede
2374:ISBN
2351:ISBN
2328:ISBN
2307:ISBN
2297:Bede
2273:ISBN
2249:ISBN
2210:ISBN
2151:ISBN
2112:2010
2047:ISBN
2025:ISBN
2000:ISBN
1947:ISBN
1929:2020
1913:2019
1898:Bede
1855:2021
1773:2022
1696:2021
1674:2021
1600:ISBN
1310:2018
1145:was
1123:The
979:The
841:The
698:Bede
678:Bede
672:The
630:king
555:York
487:Bede
363:Eata
352:Iona
316:Life
254:cult
236:and
224:and
218:monk
111:Died
89:Born
73:Bede
2570:St
2564:St
2558:St
2552:St
2546:St
2540:St
2534:St
2523:St
2397:at
2234:504
2183:doi
1075:in
1041:on
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908:in
806:or
723:in
557:by
465:in
453:to
248:of
232:of
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1799:^
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2185::
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1832:.
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1608:.
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