451:
686:, saying it would lead to a greater war than the one just ended. For many years he was ostracised and not invited to the official functions his position would have entitled him to attend. Mannix formed the Irish Relief Fund, which provided financial support for the families of those shot or imprisoned by the British. When he left Australia in 1920, to visit Rome and the United States, the British government refused him permission to visit Ireland or British cities with large Irish populations, which resulted in an extended stay in
848:, the number of archdiocesan parishioners increased from 150,000 to 600,000; churches from 160 to 300; students in Catholic primary schools from 21,792 to 73,695; secondary pupils from 3,126 to 28,395; priests increased by 237, brothers by 181, nuns by 736; 10 new male and 14 female orders were introduced; 10 seminaries and 7 new hospitals, 3 orphanages, homes for delinquents, the blind and deaf, hostels for girls, and a range of other church facilities.
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English and
Scottish majority (who were mostly Anglicans and Presbyterians respectively) and also as potentially disloyal. Mannix was regarded with suspicion from the start and his militant advocacy on behalf of a separate Roman Catholic school system, in defiance of the general acceptance of a secular school system, made him immediately a figure of controversy.
835:
By the 1960s the distinct identity of the Irish community in
Melbourne was fading, and Irish Catholics were increasingly outnumbered by Italian, Croatian, Polish, Maltese and other postwar immigrant Catholic communities. Mannix, who turned 90 in 1954, remained active and in full authority, but he was
831:
In 1960, Calwell became Labor leader and sought Mannix's support to bring about a reconciliation between Labor and the DLP, essential if the
Menzies government was to be defeated. Some figures in the DLP supported this idea, but Mannix supported Santamaria in his resistance to such suggestions. The
751:
in 1937. After 1941, Mannix authorised
Santamaria to form the Catholic Social Studies Movement, known simply as "The Movement", to organise in the unions and defeat the Communists. "The Movement" was so successful in its efforts that by 1949 it had taken control of the Victorian branch of the Labor
554:
of
Melbourne at Maynooth College Chapel. Mannix was not consulted about his appointment. Melbourne was one of the large centres of Irish emigration, where the Roman Catholic Church was almost entirely Irish. In Australia at this time, the Irish Catholics were commonly treated with disdain by the
622:
in 1916 and always condemned the use of force by Irish nationalists. He also counselled
Australians of Irish Catholic extraction to stay out of Irish politics. He became, however, increasingly radicalised and in October 1920 led an Irish republican funeral cortège through the streets of London
727:
was created in 1922, Mannix became less politically controversial and animosity to him gradually faded for the most part. From the 1930s he came to see
Communism as the main threat to the church and he became increasingly identified with political conservatism. He was a strong supporter of
775:. Mannix surprised many of his supporters by opposing this, on the grounds that the bill was totalitarianism, which in his view was worse than communism: his may have been a decisive influence in the referendum's narrow defeat. This alliance with the Labor leader,
836:
no longer a central figure in the city's politics. He died suddenly on 7 November 1963, aged 99, while the archdiocese was preparing to celebrate his 100th birthday. He was buried in the crypt of St
Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne.
821:, which was in effect at the time. He described the policy as "crude" and said that Australia had much to learn from other races. In his opposition to the policy, Mannix stated in 1949 that "there is no colour bar in Australia".
658:
on the West side of New York. This show of support was to send off Mannix, who had been so outspoken on the
English rule in Ireland, and successfully led anti-conscription campaigns during World War I. The rally ensured that
504:
Mannix was president of St
Patrick's College, Maynooth, the Irish national seminary, from 13 October 1903 to 10 August 1912 when he was succeeded by the Rt Reverend John F. Hogan. During his presidency, he welcomed both
681:
By the end of the war, Mannix was the recognised leader of the Irish community in Australia, idolised by Catholics but detested by others, including those in power federally and in Victoria. He had spoken against the
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who opposed making Irish a compulsory subject for matriculation and insinuated that the senators (who included several bishops) had sinned grievously by so doing and resembled those MPs who were bribed to pass the
1935:
851:
In recognition of his influence across both church and state, the Catholic Church commissioned a statue of Mannix (pictured above) which is located in the forecourt of St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne, facing
712:, he would daily walk to and from St Patrick's Cathedral, personally greeting any of his flock that he encountered. On official engagements, he was chauffeured about in a large limousine. In 1920 he led large
590:. The extent to which Mannix influenced the outcome of the vote has been debated widely. When the Labor Party split over conscription, Mannix supported the Catholic-dominated anti-conscription faction, led by
927:
Nazareth House Camberwell was established in 1929, after Mannix was taken in by the Sisters of Nazareth in Hammersmith, London, when refused entry into Ireland in 1920. A guest room is named in his honour.
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Dr Mannix Gaelic Athletic Sportsfield is named after him. It is the home sports field for the Charleville Hurling and Football clubs and is one of the premier hurling and football venues in North Cork.
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in 1918 and was a guest speaker at its opening Mass of that year. In honour of his influence, a tutor group at the college's Year 9 campus, Waterford, is named 'Mannix'.
1930:
1915:
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794:(DLP). Mannix covertly supported the DLP and allowed many priests and religious to work openly for it. This involvement in politics was opposed by Cardinal Sir
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referendum, which was also defeated. This campaign included a speech before a huge crowd of perhaps 100,000 at the Richmond Racecourse, which was provided by
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1910:
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1920:
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756:, a Jesuit priest from Ireland, who had been involved in the Irish Republic's struggle for independence from Britain before being posted to Australia.
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1900:
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883:, Australia's oldest surviving seminary, was founded by Mannix on Christmas Day, 1922. Mannix had envisaged a national seminary along the lines of
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was due to arrive in Cork Harbour, it was stopped and boarded by British military, who arrested Mannix and transferred him directly to England.
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The Daniel Mannix Building in the Australian Catholic University's Melbourne campus houses the university's college of health science.
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In 1920, Mannix travelled from Melbourne to San Francisco and then by train he journeyed to New York in order to take passage on the
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In Melbourne, Mannix was the leader of the city's largest ethnic minority as well as a religious leader. From his palatial house, "
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701:. On all matters of personal and sexual morality, he was a traditionalist and an upholder of the authority of the Church.
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Mannix supported trade unionism but opposed militancy and strikes. In the 1920s he became outspoken in opposition to the
677:, until 1905 the largest ship in the world, from which Mannix was arrested and removed to prevent him landing in Ireland
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Griffin, James (1986). "Daniel Mannix and the cult of personality". In Oliver MacDonough; W. F. Mandle (eds.).
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negotiations fell through and Menzies was re-elected in 1961. Mannix and Calwell became permanently estranged.
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489:, Mannix was the son of a tenant farmer, Timothy Mannix, and his wife Ellen (née Cagney). He was educated at
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in government from 1932 until 1939, although he continued to support Catholics in the Labor Party such as
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Mannix's legacy to the Roman Catholic Church in Australia is substantial. Over fifty years during his
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for the war, Mannix campaigned against it and it was defeated. He spoke out more frequently about the
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594:(although Tudor was not a Catholic). Among the Catholic politicians whose careers he encouraged were
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A number of facilities are named in his honour, others were established by Mannix, as listed below:
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which, in 1957, ruled that the Movement should not interfere in politics. Rome appointed Archbishop
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presented a loose caricature of Mannix in the character of Archbishop Malone. Malone was played by
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690:. There was also a serious, though unsuccessful, move to prevent him from returning to Australia.
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as Professor of Irish after O'Hickey publicly attacked those members of the senate of the
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for 46 years and one of the most influential public figures in 20th-century Australia.
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The Belligerent Prelate: An alliance between Archbishop Mannix and Éamon de Valera
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517:. Mannix was also involved in the controversy surrounding the dismissal of Father
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Photo of demonstration at Chelsea Pier, New York as Archbishop Mannix sailed on
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reported to be made up of 15,000 New York Irish was organised on 31 July at the
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http://www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie/reels/bmh/BMH.WS1737.pdf#page=25%7CIrish
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as coadjutor to Mannix – Simonds was widely seen as Rome's man in Melbourne.
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Ireland and Irish-Australia : studies in cultural and political history
971:. Mannix House is represented by the colour green from his Irish connections
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in 1911 with loyal displays, which attracted criticism by supporters of the
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parade with a guard of honour made up of Irish Australian winners of the
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Roman Catholic bishops of the Catholic Military Ordinariate of Australia
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Mazenod College, Mulgrave, Victoria, has homerooms named after Mannix.
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Mannix throwing out the first ball at Polo Grounds on 1 August 1920
806:, to hold together the Labor Party in that state, and also by the
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would allow Mannix passage to Ireland. However shortly before the
610:. In 1917, when Carr died, Mannix became Archbishop of Melbourne.
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1083:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
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461:(4 March 1864 – 6 November 1963) was an Irish-born Australian
1420:. Melbourne: Library of National Biography (Dominion Series).
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887:, but had to abandon plans to reform St Patrick's Seminary,
732:, who left the Labor Party in 1931 and led the conservative
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to give the government the constitutional power to ban the
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Bureau of Military History, statement by Seamus Fitzgerald
1196:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 264.
1373:
1108:"Book review: Daniel Mannix and Ireland, by Colm Kiernan"
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Dr Mannix Road, Dr Mannix Drive and Dr Mannix Avenue in
864:, in March 1999. The statue replaced an existing one of
824:
He continued his friendship with long-time Irish leader
1598:. Melbourne: Melbourne Diocesan Historical Commission.
1424:
790:. Santamaria's supporters were expelled and formed the
1543:. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
1329:"Daniel Mannix and the British Influence on Australia"
1300:"How the priest and the politician eased Labor's pain"
856:. The bronze and marble sculpture was unveiled by the
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In the late 1940s and 1950s, Mannix spoke against the
798:, Archbishop of Sydney, who worked with the Catholic
1906:
20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Australia
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and when Mannix denounced the war as "just a sordid
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Archbishop Mannix: Champion of Australian Democracy
743:Mannix's best-known protégé in his later years was
493:schools and then completed his seminary studies at
58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1190:Bayor, Ronald H; Meagher, Timothy J, eds. (1996).
570:", he was widely denounced as a traitor. When the
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1931:19th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Australia
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1562:(first ed.). Melbourne: The Advocate Press.
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930:Mannix was a key supporter of the foundation of
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1660:, 31 July 1920. National Library of Australia.
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1153:Victoria's Governor pays tribute to Dr Mannix
914:each hold annual public lectures in his name.
1916:Presidents of St Patrick's College, Maynooth
1496:Griffin, James (2013). James Ormonde (ed.).
1472:. Blackburn, Victoria: Dove Communications.
1450:The Real Archbishop Mannix: From the Sources
1415:
1406:
951:in the book's 1976 miniseries dramatisation.
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1921:Irish expatriate Roman Catholic archbishops
1156:(Speech). Melbourne: AD2000. Archived from
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16:Irish-born Catholic Archbishop of Melbourne
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1738:
1590:
623:following the death of the hunger striker
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1876:20th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests
1871:19th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests
1646:from 7 November 1963 announcing his death
1620:. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.
964:, Catholic Theological College, Melbourne
118:Learn how and when to remove this message
1911:Alumni of St Patrick's College, Maynooth
1618:Daniel Mannix: the quality of leadership
1429:. Armadale, Victoria: H. H. Stephenson.
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912:Australian Catholic Students Association
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160:of all important aspects of the article.
1901:Roman Catholic archbishops of Melbourne
1761:Roman Catholic archbishops of Melbourne
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538:On 1 July 1912, Mannix was consecrated
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1560:Daniel Mannix: Archbishop of Melbourne
1491:. London: Croom Helm. pp. 95–118.
1418:Doctor Mannix, Archbishop of Melbourne
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156:Please consider expanding the lead to
1926:People educated at C.B.S. Charleville
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1651:Mannix: Australian-Irish network page
1264:"The day they tried to ban Communism"
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1941:People from Charleville, County Cork
1500:. Mulgrave VIC, Australia: Garratt.
1339:from the original on 12 January 2011
1035:The Hierarchy of the Catholic Church
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1023:
1021:
1019:
974:Mannix House and Mannix Building at
786:over attitudes to Communism and the
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56:adding citations to reliable sources
27:
1665:Video 'The real Archbishop Mannix'.
1470:Daniel Mannix, Priest & Patriot
1288:
1224:from the original on 5 October 2013
1218:"Archbishop Daniel Mannix, Freeman"
13:
1891:Australian people of Irish descent
1391:
1262:Brent, Peter (23 September 2011).
1081:Australian Dictionary of Biography
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491:Congregation of Christian Brothers
14:
1952:
1886:Christian clergy from County Cork
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347:St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne
208:St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne
1833:
1684:Catholic Archbishop of Melbourne
1425:Ebsworth, Rev. Walter A (1977).
1411:. Melbourne: The Advocate Press.
1327:Kulich, William (28 June 2010).
1087:from the original on 27 May 2014
1041:from the original on 3 June 2012
408:
134:
32:
1498:Daniel Mannix: Beyond the Myths
1366:
1351:
1298:Martin, Keith (26 April 1985).
695:Industrial Workers of the World
148:may be too short to adequately
43:needs additional citations for
1522:. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.
1255:
1236:
1210:
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523:National University of Ireland
495:St Patrick's College, Maynooth
385:St Patrick's College, Maynooth
158:provide an accessible overview
1:
1009:
932:St Kevin's College, Melbourne
752:Party. Another associate was
497:, where he was ordained as a
19:For the American author, see
1712:Bishop of the Armed Services
1077:"Mannix, Daniel (1864–1963)"
1005:, with the colour of yellow.
954:Year 9 Mannix campus at the
920:is a residential college at
895:Tarrawarra Abbey, Yarra Glen
699:Communist Party of Australia
265:Bishop of the Armed Services
7:
1468:Gilchrist, Michael (1982).
956:Salesian College, Chadstone
10:
1957:
1881:Anti–World War I activists
1453:. Ballarat: Connor Court.
1362:. Gill Books. p. 374.
1333:One Cuckoo Short of a Nest
1031:"Archbishop Daniel Mannix"
800:Premier of New South Wales
558:In 1914 Australia entered
18:
1828:
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1672:
1642:Article in the Melbourne
1596:Daniel Mannix: His Legacy
1520:Daniel Mannix and Ireland
1358:McCullagh, David (2018).
1305:The Sydney Morning Herald
1124:10.3366/inr.1985.36.2.102
1003:Loyola College, Melbourne
902:Named in honour of Mannix
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1896:Irish-Australian culture
1537:Mannix, Patrick (2013).
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515:Irish Home Rule movement
473:Early life and education
1398:Brennan, Niall (1964).
1360:De Valera Rule, 1932-75
1106:Gallagher, Tom (1985).
1075:Griffin, James (1986).
467:Archbishop of Melbourne
194:Archbishop of Melbourne
1840:Catholicism portal
1558:Murphy, Frank (1948).
1248:4 October 2013 at the
889:Manly, New South Wales
881:Corpus Christi College
819:White Australia policy
792:Democratic Labor Party
734:United Australia Party
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572:Australian Labor Party
455:
1416:Brady, E. J. (1934).
1407:Bryan, Cyril (1918).
875:Established by Mannix
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534:Ecclesiastical career
459:Daniel Patrick Mannix
453:
338:, Victoria, Australia
998:, are named for him.
858:Governor of Victoria
684:Treaty of Versailles
630:Ireland Will Be Free
52:improve this article
1576:. Melbourne: Text.
1276:on 29 December 2011
940:Power Without Glory
784:split again in 1954
779:, was short-lived.
618:Mannix opposed the
578:tried to introduce
562:on the side of the
1402:. Adelaide: Rigby.
1193:The New York Irish
978:in Kew, Melbourne.
754:William Hackett SJ
679:
661:David Lloyd George
654:docks at Pier 60,
456:
1848:
1847:
1728:
1727:
1719:Succeeded by
1691:Succeeded by
1614:Santamaria, B. A.
1427:Archbishop Mannix
922:Monash University
625:Terence MacSwiney
465:. Mannix was the
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423:The Most Reverend
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1374:"Mannix Library"
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1272:. Archived from
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1160:on 22 March 2012
1148:Gobbo, Sir James
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1112:The Innes Review
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1037:. 8 April 2012.
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1001:Mannix House at
969:Nazareth College
967:Mannix House at
866:Daniel O'Connell
854:Parliament House
782:The Labor Party
745:B. A. Santamaria
725:Irish Free State
714:St Patrick's Day
548:coadjutor bishop
519:Michael O'Hickey
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812:Justin Simonds
765:Robert Menzies
763:government of
738:Arthur Calwell
718:Victoria Cross
710:Kew, Melbourne
646:to Ireland. A
615:
612:
608:Arthur Calwell
574:government of
564:United Kingdom
540:titular bishop
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333:(aged 99)
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1790:Daniel Mannix
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1568:Niall, Brenda
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804:Joseph Cahill
801:
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796:Norman Gilroy
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621:
620:Easter Rising
611:
609:
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600:Frank Brennan
597:
596:James Scullin
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401:Daniel Mannix
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261:Other post(s)
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187:Daniel Mannix
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69: –
68:
64:
63:Find sources:
57:
53:
47:
46:
41:This article
39:
35:
30:
29:
26:
22:
1805:Frank Little
1789:
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1399:
1377:. Retrieved
1368:
1359:
1353:
1341:. Retrieved
1332:
1322:
1310:. Retrieved
1303:
1278:. Retrieved
1274:the original
1267:
1257:
1238:
1226:. Retrieved
1212:
1192:
1185:
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1158:the original
1152:
1127:. Retrieved
1115:
1111:
1101:
1089:. Retrieved
1080:
1043:. Retrieved
1034:
949:Michael Pate
938:
870:
850:
843:
834:
830:
823:
816:
781:
759:In 1951 the
758:
742:
730:Joseph Lyons
722:
703:
692:
680:
674:
664:
641:
635:
628:
617:
606:and, later,
604:Joseph Lyons
580:conscription
576:Billy Hughes
557:
537:
528:Act of Union
509:in 1903 and
503:
476:
458:
457:
429:Spoken style
399:
361:Denomination
331:(1963-11-06)
310:4 March 1864
287:Consecration
163:
147:
145:lead section
114:
105:
95:
88:
81:
74:
62:
50:Please help
45:verification
42:
25:
1866:1963 deaths
1861:1864 births
1810:George Pell
1785:Thomas Carr
1780:James Goold
1704:Thomas Carr
1676:Thomas Carr
1658:S.S. Baltic
1379:16 December
1308:. p. 9
945:Frank Hardy
862:James Gobbo
777:H. V. Evatt
592:Frank Tudor
560:World War I
483:County Cork
479:Charleville
353:Nationality
314:Charleville
282:9 June 1890
268:(1917–1963)
245:Thomas Carr
241:Predecessor
1855:Categories
1815:Denis Hart
1800:James Knox
1716:1917–1963
1688:1917–1963
1627:052284247X
1592:Noone, Val
1529:0717113779
1479:085924217X
1436:0959636501
1400:Dr. Mannix
1228:4 November
1203:0801851998
1179:nla.gov.au
1129:13 January
1118:(2): 102.
1010:References
846:episcopacy
769:referendum
723:After the
675:RMS Baltic
665:RMS Baltic
643:RMS Baltic
507:Edward VII
477:Born near
443:Archbishop
433:Your Grace
380:Alma mater
371:Occupation
306:1864-03-04
279:Ordination
233:Term ended
228:6 May 1917
78:newspapers
1769:Australia
1312:3 October
1280:3 October
640:ship the
588:John Wren
568:trade war
544:Pharsalia
396:Styles of
336:Melbourne
320:, Ireland
251:Successor
225:Installed
219:Melbourne
150:summarize
1765:Victoria
1616:(1984).
1594:(2014).
1570:(2015).
1518:(1984).
1447:(2015).
1337:Archived
1246:Archived
1222:Archived
1164:24 April
1091:24 April
1085:Archived
1045:24 April
1039:Archived
992:Salthill
910:and the
885:Maynooth
788:Cold War
697:and the
688:Penzance
511:George V
166:May 2024
108:May 2024
1710:Second
1343:28 June
808:Vatican
767:held a
761:Liberal
487:Ireland
215:Diocese
92:scholar
1682:Third
1624:
1602:
1580:
1573:Mannix
1547:
1526:
1504:
1476:
1457:
1433:
1200:
996:Galway
860:, Sir
840:Legacy
708:", in
706:Raheen
499:priest
374:Cleric
343:Buried
274:Orders
94:
87:
80:
73:
65:
648:rally
614:Views
356:Irish
99:JSTOR
85:books
1622:ISBN
1600:ISBN
1578:ISBN
1545:ISBN
1524:ISBN
1502:ISBN
1474:ISBN
1455:ISBN
1431:ISBN
1381:2020
1345:2010
1314:2013
1282:2013
1230:2012
1198:ISBN
1166:2012
1131:2023
1093:2012
1047:2012
584:1917
546:and
326:Died
318:Cork
300:Born
71:news
1644:Age
1120:doi
937:In
550:to
542:of
481:in
54:by
1857::
1767:,
1763:,
1335:.
1331:.
1302:.
1290:^
1266:.
1220:.
1139:^
1116:36
1114:.
1110:.
1079:.
1055:^
1033:.
1018:^
994:,
943:,
868:.
802:,
740:.
720:.
633:.
602:,
598:,
530:.
501:.
485:,
316:,
1753:e
1746:t
1739:v
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1463:.
1439:.
1383:.
1347:.
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924:.
308:)
304:(
168:)
164:(
154:.
121:)
115:(
110:)
106:(
96:·
89:·
82:·
75:·
48:.
23:.
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