1081:, Santaji, Dhanaji and several Maratha sardars met in the Maval region and reformed the strategy. Aurangzeb had taken four major forts in Sahyadrais and was sending Zulfikar khan to subdue the fort Ginjee. According to new Maratha plan, Santaji and Dhanaji would launch offensives in the East to keep rest of the Mughal forces scattered. Others would focus in Maharashtra and would attack a series of forts around southern Maharashtra and northern Karnataka in order to divide the Mughal won territories in two, thereby posing a significant challenge to enemy supply chains. Having a strong navy established by Shivaji, the Marathas could now extend this divide into the sea, checking any supply routes from Surat to south.
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774:, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb's son, who was keen to enter into a partnership with the Marathas in order to assert his political power against his ageing father's continuing dominance. The prospects of an alliance incited Aurangzeb to move his household, court and army to the Deccan. Akbar spent several years under the protection of Sambhaji but eventually went into exile to Persia in 1686. In 1689 Sambhaji was captured by the Mughals, and
767:, his second-born son by his second wife. The succession was contested by Sambhaji, Shivaji's first-born son by his first wife, and quickly settled to his benefit as the result of the murders of Rajaram's mother, of the loyal courtiers favouring Rajaram's succession, and by Rajaram's imprisonment for the following eight years. Although Sambhaji's rule was riven by factions, he conducted several military campaigns in southern India and Goa.
123:
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942:. Both of them were allies of the Marathas and Aurangzeb disliked them. He broke his treaties with both kingdoms, attacked them and captured them by September 1686. While he was at war with them, the Marathas saw an opportunity to counterattack, and launched an offensive on the North coast and attacked Bharuch. They were able to evade the Mughal army sent their way and came back with minimum damage. The Marathas alo tried to win
27:
1294:
892:. This would have allowed him to open another supply route to Deccan via the sea. This news reached Sambhaji. He attacked the Portuguese territories and forced them back to the Goan coast, but the viceroy of Alvor was able to defend the Portuguese headquarters. By this time the huge Mughal army had started gathering on the borders of Deccan. It was clear that southern India was headed for a large, sustained conflict.
68:
903:, in charge of each division. Shah Alam was ordered to attack South Konkan via the Karnataka border while Azam Shah would attack Khandesh and northern Maratha territory. Using a pincer strategy, these two divisions planned to encircle the Marathas from the south and north to isolate them. The beginning went quite well. Shah Alam crossed the
1243:
The final
Maratha counter-offensive gathered momentum in the North, where Mughal provinces fell one by one. They were not in position to defend because the royal treasuries had been sucked dry and no armies were available. In 1705, two Maratha army factions crossed Narmada. One, under the leadership
1151:
The
Marathas again consolidated and began a counter-offensive. Rajaram appointed Dhanaji Jadhav as commander-in-chief and the army was split into three divisions, headed by Jadhav himself, Parshuram Timbak and Shankar Narayan. Jadhav defeated a large Mughal force near Pandharpur and Narayan defeated
827:
Sambhaji was born in 1657 to
Shivaji and his first wife, Saibai. He was trained in the art of warfare from a young age and was known for his bravery and military skills. After Shivaji's death in 1680, Sambhaji ascended to the throne of the Maratha Empire, which was resisting Mughal dominance. In the
1570:
By the time
Aurangzeb died in 1707, many forts had been captured, but the Marathas had already fled them, taking as much treasure as possible. They formed roving bands, often acting independently, and raided Mughal territory even across the Narmada river, the traditional boundary between the Deccan
1345:
The Mughal–Maratha Wars had a significant impact on the political and social landscape of India. The wars weakened both the Mughal and
Maratha empires, paving the way for European colonial powers to establish themselves in India. The wars also contributed to the decline of the Mughal Empire, which
933:
In early 1685, Shah Alam attacked south again via the Gokak-Dharwar route, but
Sambhaji's forces harassed him continuously on the way and finally he had to give up and thus failed to close the loop a second time. In April 1685, Aurangzeb changed his strategy. He planned to consolidate his power in
793:
In 1707, Emperor
Aurangzeb died. Although by this time the Mughal armies had regained total control over lands in the Deccan, their forts had been stripped bare of valuables by the exiting Marathas, who thereafter took to raiding Mughal territory in independently operating "roving bands." In 1719,
1228:, Julfikar Khan's father, counselled Aurangzeb to end the war and turn around. The expedition had already taken a giant toll, much larger than originally planned, on the empire and it looked possible that 175 years of Mughal rule might crumble due to being involved in a war that was not winnable.
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launched the single most daring attack on Mughal army. They not only attacked the army, but sacked the tent where
Aurangzeb himself slept. Aurangzeb was elsewhere, but his private force and many of his bodyguards were killed. This was followed by a betrayal in the Maratha camp. Raigad fell to the
1335:
quick to assert the nominal independence of their lands. Anxious to divert the
Marathas away from his Deccan strongholds, and to save himself from the Mughal emperor of North India's hostile attempts to suppress his independence, the Nizam encouraged the Marathas to invade Malwa and the northern
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and the west. With his 8000 men, Dabhade attacked and defeated
Mahomed Khan's forces numbering almost fourteen thousand. This left entire Gujarat coast wide open for Marathas. They immediately tightened their grip on Mughal supply chains. By 1705 end, Marathas had penetrated Mughal possession of
1125:
Aurangzeb by now had realised that the war he had started was much more serious than he had originally thought. He decided to regroup his forces and rethink his strategy. He sent an ultimatum to Zulfikar Khan to capture Jinji or be stripped of the titles. Zulfikar Khan tightened the siege, but
994:
He was tortured and executed in Aurangzeb's camp on 11 March 1689. His death gave the Marathas a newfound zeal and united them against their common foe, Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. His death was a significant event in Indian history, and despite the Maratha resurgence it inspired, is regarded as
1268:
rulers traced their lineage to the royal family of the Vijaynagar empire. His new opponents had never been fond of the Mughals and had sided with the Marathas. Jadhav marched into Sahyadris and won almost all the major forts back in a short time, while those of Satara and Parali were taken by
1126:
Rajaram escaped and was safely escorted to Deccan by Dhanaji Jadhav and the Shirke brothers. Haraji Mahadik's son took command of Jinji and bravely defended the city against Julfikar Khan and Daud Khan until its fall in January 1698. This gave Rajaram ample amount of time to reach Vishalgad.
1948:
The Mughal court was hostile to Nizam-ul-Mulk. If it had the power, it would have crushed him. To save himself from the hostile intentions of the Emperor, the Nizam did not interfere with the Maratha activities in Malwa and Gujarat. As revealed in the anecdotes narrated b Lala Mansaram, the
760:, typically, alternated between rebellion against the Mughal state and service to the Mughal sovereign in an official capacity. It was common practice in late 17th-century India for members of a ruling family of a small principality to both collaborate with the Mughals and rebel.
990:
to locate, reach and attack Sangameshwar while Sambhaji was still there. The relatively small Maratha force fought back although they were surrounded from all sides. Sambhaji was captured on 1 February 1689 and a subsequent rescue attempt by the Marathas was repelled on 11 March.
1340:
I consider all this army (Marathas) as my own and I will get my work done through them. It is necessary to take our hands off Malwa. God willing, I will enter into an understanding with them and entrust the Mulukgiri(raiding) on that side of the Narmada to them.
1003:
To Aurangzeb, the Marathas seemed all but dead by end of 1689, but this would prove to be almost a fatal blunder. The death of Sambhaji had rekindled the spirit of the Maratha forces, which made Aurangzeb's war aims impossible. Sambhaji's younger brother
1133:. The fort had done its work: for seven years the three hills of Jinji had kept a large contingent of Mughal forces occupied while inflicting heavy losses. It had significantly depleted Mughal resources in the region, from the treasury to material.
1171:. A seasoned Maratha commander, Prayagji Prabhu, defended Satara for a good six months but surrendered in April 1700, just before the onset of the monsoon. This foiled Aurangzeb's strategy to clear as many forts before the monsoon as possible.
1239:
and some other handful forts mostly by bribing Maratha commanders, but he had spent four precious years for this. It was slowly dawning to him that after 24 years of constant war, he was not succeeded to annex the Maratha State.
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to decide on the final blow to oust Aurangzeb from the Deccan. To execute the decision of the meeting quickly, Sambhaji sent ahead most of his comrades and stayed back with a few of his trustworthy men, including Kavi Kalash.
973:
After the fall of Bijapur and Golkonda, Aurangzeb turned his attention again to the Marathas, but his first few attempts had little impact. In January 1688, Sambhaji called together his commanders for a strategic meeting at
1065:
Aurangzeb was frustrated with Rajaram's successful escape. Keeping most of his force in Maharashtra, he sent a small number to keep Rajaram in check. This small force was destroyed by an attack from two Maratha generals,
1961:
930:, commander-in-chief of the Maratha army, defeated him in a fierce battle at Patadi. The second division of the Maratha army attacked Shahbuddin Khan at Pachad, inflicting heavy losses on the Mughal army.
872:. But the Marathas did not succumb to this onslaught. The Marathas prepared and defended against the attack, and it took the Mughals seven years to take the fort. In December 1681, Sambhaji attacked
1140:. But after Niraji's death, Dhanaji grew bold and attacked Santaji. Nagoji Mane, one of Dhanaji's men, killed Santaji. The news of Santaji's death greatly encouraged Aurangzeb and the Mughal army.
1034:. The Maratha killedar of Panhala defended the fort and inflicted heavy losses on Mughal army. Finally Aurangzeb himself was obliged to attend the battle personally and Panhala was surrendered.
952:
Kesopant Pingle was running the negotiations, but the fall of Bijapur to the Mughals turned the tides and Mysore was reluctant to join Marathas. Sambhaji successfully courted several Bijapur
1941:
1346:
was already facing internal political and economic challenges. The Marathas, on the other hand, emerged as a major power in India, and their influence continued to grow in the 1700s.
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and made it his capital. Mughal contingents in the region numbered about 500,000. It was a disproportionate war in all senses. By the end of 1681, the Mughal forces had laid siege to
1074:, who then they joined Ramchandra Bavadekar in Deccan. Bavdekar, Vithoji Chavan and Raghuji Bhosale had reorganised most of the Maratha army after defeats at Panhala and Vishalgad.
1136:
Marathas would soon witness an unpleasant development of their own making. Dhanaji Jadhav and Santaji Ghorpade had a simmering rivalry, which was kept in check by the councilman
571:
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But by this time the Mughals were no longer the army they were earlier feared to be. Aurangzeb, against the advice of several of his experienced generals, continued the war.
778:. at the age of 31. His death was a significant event in Indian history, marking the end of the golden era of the Maratha kingdom. Sambhaji's wife and minor son, later named
1269:
Parshuram Timbak, and Narayan took Sinhgad. Jadhav then turned around, taking his forces to help the Naiks at Wakinara. Wakinara fell but the Naik royal family escaped.
1264:
In Maharashtra, Aurangzeb became despondent. He started negotiations with the Marathas, then cut them abruptly and marched on the small kingdom of Wakinara whose
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Bang, Peter Fibiger (2021), "Empire—A World History: Anatomy and Concept, Theory and Synthesis", in Bang, Peter Fiber; Bayley, C. A.; Scheidel, Walter (eds.),
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Sambhaji led the fight but was captured by the Mughals and killed. His wife and son (Shivaji's grandson) were held captive by Aurangzeb for twenty years.
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915:. As he pushed further, he was continuously harassed by Marathas forces, who ransacked his supply chains and reduced his forces to starvation. Finally
802:(25% of the revenue) and sardeshmukhi over the six Deccan provinces in exchange for maintaining a contingent of 15,000 troops for the Mughal emperor.
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860:, Aurangzeb began his journey to Deccan to conquer the Maratha lands, as well as the sultanates of Bijapur and Golconda. He arrived at
752:
in 1707. Shivaji was a central figure in what has been called "the Maratha insurgency" against the Mughal state. Both he and his son,
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Indian territories of the Mughal empire. The Nizam says that he could use the Marathas to his own advantage in the Maasir-i Nizami:
1221:. Aurangzeb waged continuous war in the Deccan for more than two decades with no resolution and thus lost about a fifth of his army.
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plateau to the east coast, in a strategy devised by the Maratha commanders to counter the strength of the Mughals. Maratha generals
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was taken into the Mughal camp, and Rajaram, who was now an adult, was re-established as ruler; he quickly moved his base to
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during his southern conquests and was now to be the new Maratha capital. Rajaram travelled south under escort of
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Shivaji Bhonsle (1630–80), the pivotal figure in the Maratha insurgency that so plagued Aurangzeb in the Deccan
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sent Ruhulla Khan to his rescue and brought him back to Ahmednagar. The first pincer attempt therefore failed.
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1281:. Jadhav attacked and defeated his rearguard but Aurangzeb was able to reach his destination with the help of
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first half of 1681, several Mughal contingents were dispatched to lay siege to Maratha forts in present-day
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Enraged at these defeats, Aurangzeb took charge and launched another counter-offensive. He laid siege to
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After the 1684 monsoon, Aurangzeb's other general Shahbuddin Khan directly attacked the Maratha capital,
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at great cost of life and money. Aurangzeb drove west, deep into Maratha territory notably conquering
880:, attacked Northern Konkan. Sambhaji left Janjira and attacked Husain Ali Khan and pushed him back to
844:. The Mughal empire was experiencing tension between the Emperor and his son at the time. The Maratha
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Osborne, Eric W. (24 June 2020). "The Ulcer of the Mughal Empire: Mughals and Marathas, 1680-1707".
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In late 1683, Aurangzeb moved to Ahmednagar. He divided his forces in two and put his two princes,
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Ganoji Shirke, one of Sambhaji's brothers-in-law, turned traitor and helped Aurangzeb's commander
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Mughal forces, led by Zulfikar Khan, continued this offensive further south. They attacked fort
856:, which angered his father. In September 1681, after settling a dispute with the royal house of
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926:. The Maratha commanders successfully defended Raigad. Aurangzeb sent Khan Jehan to help, but
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Expanding Frontiers in South Asian and World History Essays in Honour of John F. Richards
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1160:, while Nemaji Shinde, a commander with Narayan, scored a major victory at Nandurbar.
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and Shankaraji Niraji maintained their Maratha stronghold in the rugged terrains of
790:. From here, he was able to frustrate Mughal advances into the Deccan until 1700.
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Nizam-ul-Mulk considered the Maratha army operating in Malwa and Gujarat as his own
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Laine, James W. (2003), "The Hindu Hero: Shivaji and the Saints, 1780–1810",
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1187:, took charge of the Maratha army and continued fighting for the next seven years.
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From the death of Shivaji to the death of Aurangzeb : the critical years
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Sarja Khan in Pune. Khanderao Dabhade, who led a division under Jadhav, took
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Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona: Volumes 51–53
1014:(Emperor). In March 1690, the Maratha commanders, under the leadership of
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A Comprehensive History of India: Comprehensive history of medieval India
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1217:(the Maratha capital) the Marathas expanded eastwards into Mughal lands
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1894:(1. publ. ed.). New York: Cambridge University. pp. 101–105.
1051:
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787:
300:
798:, who had been raised in the Mughal court, received the rights to the
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Aurangzeb: The Life and Legacy of India's Most Controversial King
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Central India and Gujarat. Nemaji Shinde defeated Mughals on the
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the south by undertaking expeditions to the Muslim kingdoms of
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1261:. In 1706, Mughals started retreating from Maratha dominions.
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Signs of strain were showing in the Mughal camp in late 1701.
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Upon Shivaji's death in 1680, he was immediately succeeded by
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Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Mughals
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The Mughal empire was split into regional kingdoms, with the
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Aurangzeb had now given up all hope and planned a retreat to
1085:
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led the Marathas for the first nine years of the Deccan Wars.
1946:. Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. 1970. p. 94.
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from the time of Shivaji's death in 1680 until the death of
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911:. From there he entered Goa and started marching north via
255:
Early Maratha history c. 1680 showing the former jagirs of
1042:
Maratha ministers realised that the Mughals would move on
1516:
1129:
After significant Mughal losses, Jinji was captured in a
995:
marking the end of the golden era of the Maratha Empire.
889:
16:
1680–1707 wars between the Mughal Empire and the Marathas
1779:
Relations Between the French and the Marathas, 1668–1815
1046:. They insisted that Rajaram leave Vishalgad for Senji (
1918:
Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707–1813
1576:
1111:, Santaji defeated Kasim Khan, a noted Mughal general.
1641:. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. p. 94.
805:
1475:
1398:
1396:
1183:, who was daughter of the Maratha commander-in-chief
1413:
1411:
1996:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
1530:, vol. 1, Oxford University Press, p. 8,
147:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1316:in 1737. By 1757, the Maratha Empire had reached
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848:Sambhaji provided shelter to the Mughal emperor
736:were a series of military conflicts between the
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1850:
1752:Maharani Tarabai of Kolhapur, C. 1675–1761 A.D.
1674:. New Delhi: Northern Book Centre. p. 60.
1114:
1023:, and Sambhaji's widow, Yesubai and their son,
81:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
1630:
1481:
1146:
2864:
2029:
1822:
1816:
1663:
1601:. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 208.
1438:
1361:List of people involved in the Maratha Empire
1308:Marathas expanded their territory to include
565:
1549:
1462:, Oxford University Press, pp. 45–47,
1424:. Cambridge University Press. p. 119.
55:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2871:
2857:
2036:
2022:
1744:
1742:
1626:. Cambridge University Press. p. 119.
1304:after the 1720s. The above map is of 1760.
1285:. He died of a fever on 21 February 1707.
999:Marathas under King Rajaram (1689 to 1700)
884:. Aurangzeb tried to sign a deal with the
572:
558:
3953:Battles fought by Marathas under Sambhaji
1981:. Cambridge University Press. p. 21.
1908:
1417:
1174:
479:
225:Learn how and when to remove this message
207:Learn how and when to remove this message
105:Learn how and when to remove this message
3064:
1991:
1775:
1292:
1209:, Aurangzeb contested for every inch of
1189:
1179:In March 1700, Rajaram died. His queen,
962:
815:
1739:
1702:
1594:
1288:
433:
356:
3913:Wars involving the Maratha Confederacy
3905:
1966:. University Press. 1957. p. 549.
1887:
1748:
1636:
1244:of Nemaji Shinde, hit as far north as
456:
2852:
2017:
1914:
1669:
1621:
1582:
1457:
1402:
969:Sambhaji § Capture and execution
553:
1525:
1460:Shivaji: Hindu King in Islamic India
1272:
145:adding citations to reliable sources
116:
61:
20:
888:to allow trade ships to harbour in
806:Marathas under Sambhaji (1681–1689)
770:In 1681, Sambhaji was contacted by
13:
1881:
1528:The Oxford World History of Empire
14:
3964:
1550:Asher, C. B.; Talbot, C. (2008),
1492:A Concise History of Modern India
864:, the Mughal headquarters in the
812:Mughal invasions of Konkan (1684)
36:This article has multiple issues.
3933:Wars involving the Mughal Empire
2879:
2044:
1963:The New Cambridge Modern History
1921:, Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd,
1595:Puri, B. N.; Das, M. N. (2003).
342:
249:
121:
66:
25:
3176:Suppression of Tilpat rebellion
1985:
1970:
1954:
1934:
1796:; Gascoigne, Christina (1971).
1786:
1769:
1711:(5). Informa UK Limited: 1002.
1696:
1624:The Rise of Organised Brutality
1421:The Rise of Organised Brutality
579:
132:needs additional citations for
44:or discuss these issues on the
3713:List of tombs of Mughal Empire
3171:Mughal–Safavid war (1649–1653)
3166:Mughal–Safavid war (1622–1623)
2685:Maratha-Mughal War of 27 years
1615:
1588:
1312:after the Battle of Delhi and
1054:), which had been captured by
1038:Maratha capital moved to Jinji
1:
1717:10.1080/09592318.2020.1764711
1705:Small Wars & Insurgencies
1386:
1231:By 1704, Aurangzeb conquered
1107:defeated the Mughals. In the
1366:List of wars involving India
1300:became a major power in the
1115:Fall of Jinji (January 1698)
1084:Now war was fought from the
7:
3221:Mughal–Portuguese conflicts
2236:Jagjivanrao Pant Pratinidhi
1915:Mehta, Jaswant Lal (2005),
1349:
1147:Revival of Maratha fortunes
1099:Through cavalry movements,
1008:was now given the title of
776:executed with great cruelty
740:and the descendants of the
393:Shankaraji Narayan Gandekar
10:
3969:
3620:Alamgir Mosque, Aurangabad
2231:Shripatrao Pant Pratinidhi
1802:. Cape. pp. 239–246.
1556:Cambridge University Press
1497:Cambridge University Press
1418:Malešević, Siniša (2017).
1118:
966:
956:to join the Maratha army.
809:
274:1680 – 1707
3829:
3763:
3721:
3658:
3640:Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta
3610:
3569:
3560:
3433:
3362:
3229:
3143:
3009:
2891:
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2764:
2713:
2677:
2376:
2340:
2244:
2221:Parshuram Pant Pratinidhi
2197:
2109:
2056:
1992:Truschke, Audrey (2017).
1977:Richard M. Eaton (2013).
1860:Studies in Mughal History
1356:Military history of India
1167:and attacked the fort of
589:
535:
406:Parshuram Pant Pratinidhi
329:
312:
266:
248:
243:
3211:Indian Rebellion of 1857
3156:Mughal conquest of Malwa
2700:Second Anglo-Maratha War
1888:Gordon, Stewart (1993).
1857:Ashvini Agrawal (1983).
1776:Hatalkar, V. G. (1958).
1755:S. Chand & Company.
1637:Gordon, Stewart (1993).
1248:; the second, headed by
1077:In late 1691, Bavdekar,
3186:Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war
2705:Third Anglo-Maratha War
2695:First Anglo-Maratha War
2119:Moropant Trimbak Pingle
1749:Pāṭīla, Śālinī (1987).
1639:The Marathas, 1600–1818
380:Moropant Trimbak Pingle
259:and the territories of
2211:Ramchandra Pant Amatya
2129:Ramchandra Pant Amatya
1891:The Marathas 1600–1818
1371:Rajput War (1679–1707)
1343:
1305:
1202:
1175:Marathas under Tarabai
824:
424:Ramchandra Pant Amatya
330:Commanders and leaders
283:Present-day states of
3698:Tomb of Salim Chishti
3181:Ahom–Mughal conflicts
2931:Aurangzeb (Alamgir I)
1670:Bhave, Y. G. (2000).
1552:India Before Europe t
1338:
1296:
1193:
1090:Ramchandrapant Amatya
1019:treachery of Suryaji
967:Further information:
963:Execution of Sambhaji
854:Sultan Muhammad Akbar
819:
3660:Tombs and mausoleums
1302:Indian sub-continent
1289:Aftermath of the war
1194:Aurangzeb leads the
141:improve this article
3625:Jama Masjid (Delhi)
3191:Mughal–Maratha wars
2521:Invasions of Bengal
2341:Maratha Confederacy
2050:Maratha Confederacy
1865:Motilal Banarsidass
1834:Penguin Books India
1782:. T.V. Chidambaran.
1622:Malešević, Siniša.
1585:, pp. 492–494.
1483:Metcalf, Barbara D.
946:through diplomacy.
3877:Nizam of Hyderabad
3151:Mughal-Rajput wars
2971:Ahmad Shah Bahadur
2936:Muhammad Azam Shah
2751:Nizam of Hyderabad
2690:Maratha–Mysore War
2368:Patwardhan dynasty
2358:Scindia of Gwalior
1499:, pp. 59–60,
1487:Metcalf, Thomas R.
1325:Nizam of Hyderabad
1306:
1203:
825:
497:Prince Bidar Bakht
85:You can assist by
3900:
3899:
3887:Kingdom of Mysore
3821:Foreign relations
3759:
3758:
3708:Tomb of Nur Jahan
3703:Tomb of Aurangzeb
3650:Wazir Khan Mosque
3570:Forts and palaces
3556:
3555:
3528:Guru Gobind Singh
3456:Bayazid of Sylhet
3139:
3138:
3039:Foreign relations
2846:
2845:
2746:Portuguese Empire
2353:Gaekwad of Baroda
2348:Bhonsle of Nagpur
2139:Balaji Vishwanath
2124:Moreshvar Pingale
2003:978-1-5036-0259-5
1928:978-1-932705-54-6
1809:978-0-224-00580-7
1799:The Great Moghuls
1794:Gascoigne, Bamber
1762:978-81-219-0269-4
1648:978-0-511-46874-2
1608:978-81-207-2508-9
1565:978-0-521-51750-8
1537:978-0-19-977236-0
1506:978-1-107-02649-0
1431:978-1-107-09562-5
1273:Aurangzeb's death
1250:Khanderao Dabhade
1027:, were captured.
750:Emperor Aurangzeb
727:
726:
548:
547:
517:Ghazi-ud-Din Khan
492:Prince Kam Bakhsh
308:
307:
235:
234:
227:
217:
216:
209:
191:
115:
114:
107:
59:
3960:
3867:Nawabs of Bengal
3830:Successor states
3734:Shalimar Gardens
3678:Gardens of Babur
3567:
3566:
3513:Lachit Borphukan
3227:
3226:
3216:Mughal–Sikh wars
3161:Gujarat conquest
3062:
3061:
3054:Mughal artillery
2883:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2850:
2849:
2564:Capture of Delhi
2541:North-west India
2511:2nd Trichinopoly
2501:1st Trichinopoly
2363:Holkar of Indore
2332:Tulsi Bai Holkar
2252:Ahilyabai Holkar
2154:Madhavrao Ballal
2134:Bahiroji Pingale
2048:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2015:
2014:
2008:
2007:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1958:
1952:
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1634:
1628:
1627:
1619:
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1612:
1592:
1586:
1580:
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1571:and north India.
1547:
1541:
1540:
1523:
1514:
1513:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1469:978-019-514126-9
1455:
1436:
1435:
1415:
1406:
1400:
1376:Mughal-Sikh Wars
1314:Battle of Bhopal
1207:Battle of Satara
1200:Battle of Satara
1185:Hambirrao Mohite
1109:Battle of Athani
1101:Santaji Ghorpade
1068:Santaji Ghorpade
1016:Santaji Ghorpade
794:Sambhaji's son,
584:
574:
567:
560:
551:
550:
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458:
435:
419:
411:Hambirrao Mohite
401:
388:
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51:
29:
28:
21:
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3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3928:1700s conflicts
3923:1690s conflicts
3918:1680s conflicts
3903:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3872:Nawabs of Awadh
3825:
3806:Persian Mughals
3755:
3739:Achabal Gardens
3717:
3688:Jahangir's Tomb
3673:Bibi Ka Maqbara
3654:
3635:Badshahi Mosque
3606:
3552:
3518:Khushal Khattak
3493:Maharana Pratap
3429:
3358:
3339:Thanesar (1710)
3334:Thanesar (1567)
3225:
3135:
3060:
3005:
3001:Bahadur Shah II
2956:Rafi ud-Darajat
2887:
2877:
2847:
2842:
2826:
2760:
2709:
2673:
2372:
2336:
2240:
2193:
2169:Sawai Madhavrao
2149:Balaji Baji Rao
2105:
2052:
2042:
2012:
2011:
2004:
1990:
1986:
1975:
1971:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1886:
1882:
1875:
1867:. p. 168.
1855:
1851:
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1836:. p. 502.
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1609:
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1566:
1558:, p. 290,
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1439:
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1409:
1401:
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1333:Nawab of Bengal
1291:
1275:
1177:
1149:
1131:Pyrrhic victory
1123:
1117:
1040:
1001:
971:
965:
928:Hambirao Mohite
878:Husain Ali Khan
814:
808:
786:, far into the
730:
729:
728:
723:
585:
580:
578:
531:
463:
415:
397:
384:
319:Maratha Kingdom
304:
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67:
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3966:
3956:
3955:
3950:
3948:1700s in India
3945:
3943:1690s in India
3940:
3938:1680s in India
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3847:Maratha Empire
3844:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
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3736:
3731:
3729:Fatehpur Sikri
3725:
3723:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3683:Humayun's Tomb
3680:
3675:
3670:
3664:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3645:Sunehri Masjid
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3616:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3597:Jahangir Mahal
3594:
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3557:
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3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3483:Sher Shah Suri
3480:
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3458:
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3356:
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3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3309:Panipat (1761)
3306:
3304:Panipat (1556)
3301:
3299:Panipat (1526)
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
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3244:Badli-ki-Serai
3241:
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3013:
3011:
3010:Administration
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
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2993:
2988:
2983:
2981:Shah Jahan III
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
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2948:
2943:
2941:Bahadur Shah I
2938:
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2759:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2741:British Empire
2738:
2736:Durrani Empire
2733:
2728:
2723:
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2711:
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2446:Raigarh (1689)
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2322:Umabai Dabhade
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2304:
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2264:
2259:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2218:
2216:Pralhad Niraji
2213:
2207:
2205:
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2194:
2192:
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2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
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2018:
2010:
2009:
2002:
1984:
1969:
1953:
1933:
1927:
1907:
1901:978-0521268837
1900:
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1407:
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1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1351:
1348:
1298:Maratha Empire
1290:
1287:
1274:
1271:
1176:
1173:
1148:
1145:
1138:Pralhad Niraji
1121:Siege of Jinji
1119:Main article:
1116:
1113:
1105:Dhanaji Jadhav
1079:Pralhad Niraji
1072:Dhanaji Jadhav
1050:) (in present
1039:
1036:
1000:
997:
964:
961:
842:Madhya Pradesh
807:
804:
772:Muhammad Akbar
725:
724:
722:
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289:Madhya Pradesh
282:
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264:
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215:
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129:
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74:
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34:
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24:
15:
9:
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4:
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2:
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3852:Rajput states
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3232:
3228:
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3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3201:Carnatic wars
3199:
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3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
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3172:
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3019:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:Shah Jahan IV
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2966:Muhammad Shah
2964:
2962:
2961:Shah Jahan II
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2946:Jahandar Shah
2944:
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2885:Mughal Empire
2882:
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2805:
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2802:Shaniwar Wada
2800:
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2742:
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2731:Mughal Empire
2729:
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2724:
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2607:
2605:
2604:Bahadur Benda
2602:
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2577:
2575:
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2559:Rakshasbhuvan
2557:
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2020:
2019:
2016:
2005:
1999:
1995:
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1924:
1920:
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1874:9788120823266
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1843:9780141001432
1839:
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1824:Abraham Eraly
1819:
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1405:, p. 52.
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1329:Nawab of Oudh
1326:
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1311:
1303:
1299:
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1286:
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1283:Zulfikar Khan
1280:
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1259:Malwa plateau
1255:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1229:
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1222:
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1216:
1212:
1211:Deccan region
1208:
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1062:and his men.
1061:
1060:Khando Ballal
1057:
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1028:
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988:Muqarrab Khan
984:
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945:
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905:Krishna river
902:
898:
893:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
852:'s rebel son
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
822:
818:
813:
803:
801:
797:
791:
789:
788:Tamil country
785:
781:
777:
773:
768:
766:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
738:Mughal Empire
735:
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543:
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539:
534:
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525:
523:
520:
518:
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512:Muqarrab Khan
510:
508:
507:Zulfiqar Khan
505:
503:
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365:
362:
359:
353:
350:
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337:
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334:
333:
328:
325:
324:Mughal Empire
322:
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286:
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277:
273:
270:
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211:
208:
200:
197:February 2024
189:
186:
182:
179:
175:
172:
168:
165:
161:
158: –
157:
156:"Deccan wars"
153:
152:Find sources:
146:
142:
136:
135:
130:This article
128:
124:
119:
118:
109:
106:
98:
95:February 2024
88:
82:
80:
75:This article
73:
64:
63:
58:
56:
49:
48:
43:
42:
37:
32:
23:
22:
19:
3840:
3748:
3744:Shahi Bridge
3668:Akbar's Tomb
3630:Chawk Mosque
3602:Sheesh Mahal
3587:Lalbagh Fort
3562:Architecture
3548:Hector Munro
3523:Josiah Child
3473:Ibrahim Lodi
3466:Pratapaditya
3451:Khwaja Usman
3249:Bhuchar Mori
3065:
2986:Shah Alam II
2951:Farrukhsiyar
2224:
2164:Raghunathrao
2101:Pratap Singh
2058:Chhatrapatis
1993:
1987:
1978:
1972:
1962:
1956:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1917:
1910:
1890:
1883:
1859:
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1590:
1578:
1569:
1551:
1545:
1527:
1510:
1491:
1477:
1459:
1420:
1381:Maratha Army
1344:
1339:
1322:
1307:
1276:
1263:
1242:
1230:
1223:
1204:
1178:
1162:
1150:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1124:
1098:
1083:
1076:
1064:
1041:
1029:
1009:
1002:
993:
985:
976:Sangameshwar
972:
958:
953:
947:
932:
921:
907:and entered
894:
826:
792:
769:
762:
757:
733:
731:
629:2nd Shivneri
624:1st Shivneri
581:
527:Bahadur Khan
445:
416:
398:
385:
368:
313:Belligerents
236:
221:
203:
194:
184:
177:
170:
163:
151:
139:Please help
134:verification
131:
101:
92:
79:copy editing
77:may require
76:
52:
45:
39:
38:Please help
35:
18:
3862:Sikh Empire
3841:interrupted
3582:Lahore Fort
3533:Henry Every
3498:Malik Ambar
3441:Baro-Bhuyan
3434:Adversaries
3420:Ranthambore
3375:Chittorgarh
3196:Child's war
3022:family tree
2714:Adversaries
2649:Farrukhabad
2599:Gajendragad
2549:3rd Panipat
2516:Katwa (2nd)
2506:Katwa (1st)
2396:Pavan Khind
2189:Bhat family
2174:Baji Rao II
2159:Narayan Rao
1198:during the
1196:Mughal Army
1011:Chhatrapati
870:Fort Ramsej
846:Chhatrapati
834:Maharashtra
734:Deccan wars
699:2nd Raigrah
679:Basavapatan
664:1st Raigrah
582:Deccan wars
475:Shah Alam I
441:Santaji Rao
285:Maharashtra
244:Deccan wars
3907:Categories
3892:Rohilkhand
3837:Sur Empire
3543:Nader Shah
3478:Rana Sanga
3390:Daulatabad
3274:Haldighati
3206:Bengal war
3044:Government
2976:Alamgir II
2926:Shah Jahan
2812:Sindhudurg
2726:Qutb Shahi
2721:Adil Shahi
2436:Bhupalgarh
2401:Umberkhind
2386:Pratapgarh
2292:Parvatibai
2282:Lakshmibai
2225:hereditary
2203:Pratinidhi
2184:Nana Sahib
2144:Baji Rao I
2091:Rajaram II
1583:Mehta 2005
1403:Mehta 2005
1387:References
1205:After the
1052:Tamil Nadu
886:Portuguese
882:Ahmednagar
862:Aurangabad
810:See also:
634:Bhupalgarh
594:Ahmednagar
522:Asaf Jah I
339:Sambhaji I
301:Tamil Nadu
167:newspapers
87:editing it
41:improve it
3693:Taj Mahal
3577:Agra Fort
3538:Bajirao I
3461:Musa Khan
3415:Purandhar
3319:Raj Mahal
3294:Najafgarh
3144:Conflicts
3111:Hyderabad
3067:Provinces
2782:Pratapgad
2654:Bharatpur
2634:3rd Delhi
2536:2nd Delhi
2317:Soyarabai
2312:Sakvarbai
2297:Putalabai
2262:Gopikabai
2257:Anandibai
2179:Amrut Rao
2076:Rajaram I
1733:221060782
1725:0959-2318
1657:268773964
1279:Burhanpur
1252:, struck
1226:Asad Khan
1219:Hyderabad
1044:Vishalgad
917:Aurangzeb
901:Azam Shah
897:Shah Alam
850:Aurangzeb
838:Karnataka
714:Wagingera
644:Burhanpur
502:Asad Khan
487:Azam Shah
470:Aurangzeb
364:Rajaram I
293:Karnataka
47:talk page
3882:Carnatic
3801:Painting
3796:Language
3764:See also
3592:Red Fort
3446:Isa Khan
3410:Kandahar
3395:Golconda
3324:Samugarh
3259:Chanderi
3049:Military
2996:Akbar II
2921:Shahryar
2916:Jahangir
2893:Emperors
2807:Shivneri
2787:Purandar
2669:Mahidpur
2664:Koregaon
2614:Chaksana
2569:Pachgaon
2545:Peshawar
2486:Mandsaur
2421:Sinhagad
2416:Purandar
2391:Kolhapur
2327:Baka Bai
2277:Kashibai
2267:Jankibai
2096:Shahu II
2071:Sambhaji
1826:(2000).
1690:46353204
1489:(2012),
1350:See also
1094:Sahyadri
936:Golkonda
821:Sambhaji
758:Shambuji
754:Sambhaji
614:Sinhagad
609:Purandar
536:Strength
375:Tara Bai
279:Location
3816:Weapons
3791:Gardens
3786:Fashion
3781:Culture
3776:Cuisine
3612:Mosques
3508:Shivaji
3425:Sambhal
3400:Hooghly
3370:Bijapur
3344:Tukaroi
3329:Sirhind
3314:Plassey
3231:Battles
3101:Gujarat
3029:Economy
3017:Dynasty
2906:Humayun
2838:Shivrai
2777:Panhala
2644:Laswari
2594:Savanur
2579:Wadgaon
2574:Saunshi
2554:Alegaon
2526:Burdwan
2476:Palkhed
2466:Raigarh
2441:Bijapur
2378:Battles
2302:Ramabai
2287:Mastani
2272:Jijabai
2111:Peshwas
2086:Shahu I
2081:Tarabai
2066:Shivaji
1254:Bharoch
1181:Tarabai
1165:Panhala
1056:Shivaji
1032:Panhala
1025:Shahu I
1006:Rajaram
954:sardars
940:Bijapur
909:Belgaum
874:Janjira
830:Gujarat
780:Shahuji
765:Rajaram
746:Shivaji
742:Maratha
719:Dodderi
689:Paranda
669:Panhala
544:500,000
541:150,000
477: (
454: (
431: (
429:Yesubai
417:†
399:†
386:†
354: (
352:Shahu I
297:Gujarat
261:Shivaji
181:scholar
3722:Others
3503:Gokula
3363:Sieges
3354:Bhulua
3289:Khanwa
3284:Khajwa
3279:Karnal
3269:Ghagra
3264:Chausa
3126:Multan
3116:Lahore
3091:Bengal
2817:Rajgad
2797:Rajgad
2792:Raigad
2772:Mangad
2756:Mysore
2659:Khadki
2639:Assaye
2624:Kharda
2609:Lalsot
2589:Badami
2531:Narela
2491:Bhopal
2461:Khelna
2456:Satara
2431:Kalyan
2426:Salher
2406:Chakan
2307:Saibai
2201:&
2199:Amatya
2000:
1925:
1898:
1871:
1840:
1806:
1759:
1731:
1723:
1688:
1678:
1655:
1645:
1605:
1562:
1534:
1503:
1466:
1428:
1246:Bhopal
1237:Rajgad
1233:Torana
1215:Satara
1169:Satara
1158:Nashik
1154:Baglan
1048:Gingee
980:Konkan
949:Sardar
944:Mysore
924:Raigad
913:Konkan
866:Deccan
840:, and
800:Chauth
784:Gingee
744:ruler
704:Sironj
694:Khelna
684:Satara
654:Konkan
649:Ramsej
639:Kalyan
619:Salher
599:Chakan
443:
413:
395:
382:
366:
341:
299:, and
257:Shahji
183:
176:
169:
162:
154:
3811:Tribe
3405:Jinji
3385:Daman
3380:Delhi
3349:Bakla
3254:Buxar
3121:Malwa
3106:Delhi
3096:Berar
3086:Awadh
3081:Ajmer
2911:Akbar
2901:Babur
2831:Coins
2822:Torna
2765:Forts
2629:Poona
2619:Patan
2584:Adoni
2496:Vasai
2481:Malwa
2471:Torna
2451:Jinji
2411:Surat
2245:Women
1729:S2CID
1318:Delhi
1310:Malwa
1086:Malwa
1021:Pisal
858:Mewar
796:Shahu
756:, or
709:Torna
674:Jinji
604:Surat
188:JSTOR
174:books
3857:Jats
3750:more
3488:Hemu
3239:Agra
3131:Sira
3076:Agra
3034:Flag
2678:Wars
1998:ISBN
1923:ISBN
1896:ISBN
1869:ISBN
1838:ISBN
1804:ISBN
1757:ISBN
1721:ISSN
1686:OCLC
1676:ISBN
1653:OCLC
1643:ISBN
1603:ISBN
1560:ISBN
1532:ISBN
1501:ISBN
1464:ISBN
1426:ISBN
1331:and
1266:Naik
1156:and
1103:and
1070:and
938:and
899:and
732:The
271:Date
160:news
3771:Art
1713:doi
978:in
890:Goa
659:Wai
480:WIA
457:DOW
434:POW
357:POW
143:by
3909::
1863:.
1832:.
1741:^
1727:.
1719:.
1709:31
1707:.
1684:.
1651:.
1568:,
1554:,
1518:^
1509:,
1495:,
1485:;
1440:^
1410:^
1395:^
1327:,
1320:.
1235:,
1096:.
836:,
832:,
295:,
291:,
287:,
50:.
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3839:(
2872:e
2865:t
2858:v
2227:)
2223:(
2037:e
2030:t
2023:v
2006:.
1904:.
1877:.
1846:.
1812:.
1765:.
1735:.
1715::
1692:.
1659:.
1611:.
1434:.
573:e
566:t
559:v
483:)
460:)
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437:)
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195:(
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53:(
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