Deepwater Horizon oil spill

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investigation of onshore cleanup operations. Tests for chemical exposure in the seven fishermen were negative; NIOSH concluded that the hospitalizations were most likely a result of heat, fatigue, and terpenes that were being used to clean the decks. Review of 10 later hospitalizations found that heat exposure and dehydration were consistent findings but could not establish chemical exposure. NIOSH personnel performed air monitoring around cleanup workers at sea, on land, and during the application of Corexit. Air concentrations of volatile organic compounds and PAHs never exceeded permissible exposure levels. A limitation of their methodology was that some VOCs may have already evaporated from the oil before they began their investigation. In their report, they suggest the possibility that respiratory symptoms might have been caused by high levels of ozone or reactive aldehydes in the air, possibly produced from photochemical reactions in the oil. NIOSH did note that many of the personnel involved were not donning personal protective equipment (gloves and impermeable coveralls) as they had been instructed to and emphasized that this was important protection against transdermal absorption of chemicals from the oil. Heat stress was found to be the most pressing safety concern.

1806:'s economy sectors such as offshore drilling, fishing and tourism. Estimates of lost tourism dollars were projected to cost the Gulf coastal economy up to $ 22.7 billion through 2013. In addition, Louisiana reported that lost visitor spending through the end of 2010 totaled $ 32 million, and losses through 2013 were expected to total $ 153 million in this state alone. The Gulf of Mexico commercial fishing industry was estimated to have lost $ 247 million as a result of postspill fisheries closures. One study projects that the overall impact of lost or degraded commercial, recreational, and mariculture fisheries in the Gulf could be $ 8.7 billion by 2020, with a potential loss of 22,000 jobs over the same time frame. BP's expenditures on the spill included the cost of the spill response, containment, relief well drilling, grants to the Gulf states, claims paid, and federal costs, including fines and penalties. Due to the loss of the market value, BP had dropped from the second to the fourth largest of the four major oil companies by 2013. During the crisis, BP gas stations in the United States reported a sales drop of between 10 and 40% due to backlash against the company. 1084: 911:

States government's estimates suggested the cap and other equipment were capturing less than half of the leaking oil. On 10 July, the containment cap was removed to replace it with a better-fitting cap ("Top Hat Number 10"). Mud and cement were later pumped in through the top of the well to reduce the pressure inside it (which did not work either). A final device was created to attach a chamber of larger diameter than the flowing pipe with a flange that bolted to the top of the blowout preventer and a manual valve set to close off the flow once attached. On 15 July, the device was secured and time was taken closing the valves to ensure the attachment under increasing pressure until the valves were closed completing the temporary measures.

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claimed otherwise. Three more BP employees were charged in November 2012. Site managers Donald Vidrine and Robert Kaluza were charged with manslaughter for acting negligently in their supervision of key safety tests performed on the rig prior to the explosion, and failure to alert onshore engineers of problems in the drilling operation. David Rainey, BP's former vice-president for exploration in the Gulf of Mexico, was charged with obstructing Congress by misrepresenting the rate that oil was flowing out of the well. Lastly, Anthony Badalamenti, a Halliburton manager, was charged with instructing two employees to delete data related to Halliburton's cementing job on the oil well.

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that BP, Halliburton, and Transocean made that increased the risk of the Macondo blowout clearly saved those companies significant time (and money)." BP released a statement in response to this, saying, that "even prior to the conclusion of the commission's investigation, BP instituted significant changes designed to further strengthen safety and risk management." Transocean, however, blamed BP for making the decisions before the actual explosion occurred and government officials for permitting those decisions. Halliburton stated that it was acting only upon the orders of BP when it injected the cement into the wall of the well. It criticized BP for its failure to run a

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by the oil or dispersants are eligible for benefits, as are those injured during clean-up. BP also agreed to spend $ 105 million over five years to set up a Gulf Coast health outreach program and pay for medical examinations. According to a group presenting the plaintiffs, the deal has no specific cap. BP says that it has $ 9.5 billion in assets set aside in a trust to pay the claims, and the settlement will not increase the $ 37.2 billion the company budgeted for spill-related expenses. BP originally expected to spend $ 7.8 billion. By October 2013 it had increased its projection to $ 9.2 billion, saying it could be "significantly higher."

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of these events. Rather, it concluded that "notwithstanding these inherent risks, the accident of April 20 was avoidable" and that "it resulted from clear mistakes made in the first instance by BP, Halliburton and Transocean, and by government officials who, relying too much on industry's assertions of the safety of their operations, failed to create and apply a program of regulatory oversight that would have properly minimized the risk of deepwater drilling." The panel also noted that the government regulators did not have sufficient knowledge or authority to notice these cost-cutting decisions.

1323:; routine flights supporting offshore oil operations; federal, state, local and military flight operations supporting spill response; and air ambulance and law enforcement operations. Exceptions for these restrictions were granted on a case-by-case basis dependent on safety issues, operational requirements, weather conditions, and traffic volume. No flights, except aircraft conducting aerial chemical dispersing operations, or for landing and takeoff, were allowed below 1,000 m (3,300 ft). Notwithstanding restrictions, there were 800 to 1,000 flights per day during the operations. 1072: 2005: 1222: 1191: 684: 2359:(DOJ) filed papers in federal court in New Orleans blaming BP for the Gulf oil spill, describing the spill as an example of "gross negligence and willful misconduct." In their statement the DOJ said that some of BP's arguments were "plainly misleading" and that the court should ignore BP's argument that the Gulf region is "undergoing a robust recovery". BP rejected the charges saying "BP believes it was not grossly negligent and looks forward to presenting evidence on this issue at trial in January." The DOJ also said Transocean, the owner and operator of the 801: US gal (380 Ml) (2.4 million barrels) remained in the Gulf. As of January 2011, tar balls, oil sheen trails, fouled wetlands marsh grass and coastal sands were still evident. Subsurface oil remained offshore and in fine silts. In April 2012, oil was still found along as much as 200 mi (320 km) of Louisiana coastline and tar balls continued to wash up on the barrier islands. In 2013, some scientists at the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill and Ecosystem Science Conference said that as much as one-third of the oil may have mixed with 2447:

commensurate with the degree of negligence of the parties, measured against the number of barrels of oil spilled. Under the Clean Water Act fines can be based on a cost per barrel of up to $ 4,300, at the discretion of the judge. The number of barrels was in dispute at the conclusion of the trial with BP arguing 2.5 million barrels were spilled over the 87 days the spill lasted, while the court contends 4.2 million barrels were spilled. BP issued a statement strongly disagreeing with the finding, and saying the court's decision would be appealed.

1791: 1839: 13054: 12881: 1142:, Corexit 9527 is an "eye and skin irritant. Repeated or excessive exposure ... may cause injury to red blood cells (hemolysis), kidney or the liver". The manual adds: "Excessive exposure may cause central nervous system effects, nausea, vomiting, anesthetic or narcotic effects". It advises, "Do not get in eyes, on skin, on clothing", and "Wear suitable protective clothing". For Corexit 9500, the manual advised, "Do not get in eyes, on skin, on clothing", "Avoid breathing vapor", and "Wear suitable protective clothing". According to 1397: 780:. In October, weathered oil reached Texas. As of July 2011, about 491 mi (790 km) of coastline in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida were contaminated by oil and a total of 1,074 mi (1,728 km) had been oiled since the spill began. As of December 2012, 339 mi (546 km) of coastline remain subject to evaluation and/or cleanup operations. The reported 3.19 million barrels of spilled oil was not the only effect of this disaster. A report detailed the release of thousands of tons of 1183: 960: 621: 1108: US gal (7,000 m) of dispersants were used; of this, 771,000 US gal (2,920 m) were released at the wellhead. Subsea injection had never previously been tried but, due to the spill's unprecedented nature, BP, together with USCG and EPA, decided to use it. Over 400 sorties were flown to release the product. Although usage of dispersants was described as "the most effective and fast moving tool for minimizing shoreline impact", the approach continues to be investigated. 217: 2857: 2843: 704: 842: 347: 712: 2195:. The report found that on 20 April 2010, managers misread pressure data and gave their approval for rig workers to replace drilling fluid in the well with seawater, which was not heavy enough to prevent gas that had been leaking into the well from firing up the pipe to the rig, causing the explosion. The conclusion was that BP was partly to blame, as was Transocean, which owned the rig. Responding to the report, Transocean and Halliburton placed all blame on BP. 15660: 15038: 1031: 696: 1022:

their ships with the Vessels of Opportunity; however, an issue arose when more boats registered than actually participated in the clean-up efforts – only a third of the registered boats. Many local supporters were disappointed with BP's slow response, prompting the formation of The Florida Key Environmental Coalition. This coalition gained significant influence in the clean-up of the oil spill to try to gain some control over the situation.

2276:. The facility began accepting claims on 23 August 2010. On 8 March 2012, after BP and a team of plaintiffs' attorneys agreed to a class-action settlement, a court-supervised administrator Patrick Juneau took over administration. Until this more than one million claims of 220,000 individual and business claimants were processed and more than $ 6.2 billion was paid out from the fund. 97% of payments were made to claimants in the 1564: 1744:, said these ailments appearing in the Gulf reflected those reported after previous oil spills, like the Exxon Valdez. Diaz warned that "chronic adverse health effects, including cancers, liver and kidney disease, mental health disorders, birth defects and developmental disorders should be anticipated among sensitive populations and those most heavily exposed". Diaz also believes neurological disorders should be expected. 1483: 1466:. Calling the vicinity of the spill "one of the most productive ocean ecosystems in the world", the study found that even at very low concentrations "PAH cardiotoxicity was potentially a common form of injury among a broad range of species in the vicinity of the oil." Another peer-reviewed study, released in March 2014 and conducted by 17 scientists from the United States and Australia and published in the 15670: 15050: 1814:

waters in the Gulf of Mexico, for commercial fishing causing $ 2.5 billion cost for the fishing industry. The U.S. Travel Association estimated that the economic impact of the oil spill on tourism across the Gulf Coast over a three-year period could exceed approximately $ 23 billion, in a region that supports over 400,000 travel industry jobs generating $ 34 billion in revenue annually.

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24 hours to choose less toxic alternatives to Corexit from the National Contingency Plan Product Schedule and begin applying them within 72 hours of EPA approval or provide a detailed reasoning why no approved products met the standards. On 20 May, BP determined that none of the alternative products met all three criteria of availability, non-toxicity and effectiveness. On 24 May, EPA Administrator

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The loss of life and the subsequent pollution of the Gulf of Mexico were the result of poor risk management, last‐minute changes to plans, failure to observe and respond to critical indicators, inadequate well control response, and insufficient emergency bridge response training by companies and individuals responsible for drilling at the Macondo well and for the operation of the drilling platform.

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oiled area, were in "guarded or worse" condition, "including 17 percent that were not expected to survive". BP officials deny that the disease conditions are related to the spill, saying that dolphin deaths actually began being reported before the BP oil spill. By 2013, over 650 dolphins had been found stranded in the oil spill area, a four-fold increase over the historical average. The

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it is formation oil escaping from the subsurface, using the Macondo well casing as flow conduit, possibly intersecting a naturally occurring fault, and then following that to escape at the surface some distance from the wellhead. If it proves to be oil from the subsurface, then that could indicate the possibility of an indefinite release of oil. The oil slick was comparable in size to

1586:, have been stranding at a high rate. Before the spill there was an average of 100 strandings per year; since the spill the number has jumped to roughly 500. NWF senior scientist Doug Inkley notes that the marine death rates are unprecedented and occurring high in the food chain, strongly suggesting there is "something amiss with the Gulf ecosystem". In December 2013, the journal 2428:

plaintiffs included the U.S. Justice Department, Gulf states and private individuals. Tens of billions of dollars in liability and fines were at stake. A finding of gross negligence would result in a four-fold increase in the fines BP would have to pay for violating the federal Clean Water Act, and leave the company liable for punitive damages for private claims.

2818:". When a BP drilling vessel drills a new hole in the Gulf, it accidentally causes an oil spill in a protected zone, prompting one of the crewmen to exclaim "Oh, don't tell me we did it again?". Later on in the episode, DP drilled again and opened up a portal to another dimension, causing the gulf to be attacked by its creatures. Then they drilled on the 1340:

having a policy of restricting journalists; they noted that members of the media had been embedded with the authorities and allowed to cover response efforts since the beginning of the effort, with more than 400 embeds aboard boats and aircraft to date. They also said that they wanted to provide access to the information while maintaining safety.

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long-lasting. Two weeks after the wellhead was capped on 15 July 2010, the surface oil appeared to have dissipated, while an unknown amount of subsurface oil remained. Estimates of the residual ranged from a 2010 NOAA report that claimed about half of the oil remained below the surface to independent estimates of up to 75%.

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826,800 bbl (131,450 m) had been recovered or flared. It is calculated that about 5% of leaked oil was burned at the surface and 3% was skimmed. On the most demanding day, 47,849 people were assigned on the response works and over 6,000 Marine vessels, 82 helicopters, and 20 fixed-wing aircraft were involved.

1233:. In total, 2,063 various skimmers were used. For offshore, more than 60 open-water skimmers were deployed, including 12 purpose-built vehicles. EPA regulations prohibited skimmers that left more than 15 parts per million (ppm) of oil in the water. Many large-scale skimmers exceeded the limit. Due to use of 444:, oil cleanup crews worked four days a week on 55 mi (89 km) of Louisiana shoreline throughout 2013. 4,900,000 lb (2,200 t) of oily material was removed from the beaches in 2013, over double the amount collected in 2012. Oil continued to be found as far from the Macondo site as the waters off the 7148:. Committee on the Evaluation of the Use of Chemical Dispersants in Oil Spill Response, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. 24 April 2020. 2351:

or willful misconduct". On 13 January 2013, Judge Barbier approved a medical-benefits portion of BP's proposed $ 7.8 billion partial settlement. People living for at least 60 days along oil-impacted shores or involved in the clean-up who can document one or more specific health conditions caused

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A cohort study of almost 2,200 Louisiana women found "high physical/environmental exposure was significantly associated with all 13 of the physical health symptoms surveyed, with the strongest associations for burning in nose, throat or lungs; sore throat; dizziness and wheezing. Women who suffered a

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In 2013, researchers found that oil on the bottom of the seafloor did not seem to be degrading, and observed a phenomenon called a "dirty blizzard": oil in the water column began clumping around suspended sediments, and falling to the ocean floor in an "underwater rain of oily particles." The result

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The FAA denied that BP employees or contractors made decisions on flights and access, saying those decisions were made by the FAA and Coast Guard. The FAA acknowledged that media access was limited to hired planes or helicopters, but was arranged through the Coast Guard. The Coast Guard and BP denied

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rejected an effort by BP to curb payment of what it described as "fictitious" and "absurd" claims to a settlement fund for businesses and persons affected by the oil spill. BP said administration of the 2012 settlement was marred by the fact that people without actual damages could file a claim. The

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for oil spill prevention and response research, $ 100 million to the North America Wetland Conservation Fund, $ 6 million to General Treasury and $ 525 million to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Oil sector analysts at London-based investment bank Canaccord Genuity noted that a

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Court-Supervised Settlement Program, the program responsible for evaluating compensation claims, had improperly profited from claims filed by a New Orleans law firm. The attorney is said to have received portions of settlement claims for clients he referred to the firm. The federal judge assigned to

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crew, that had an adverse impact on the ability to prevent or limit the magnitude of the disaster. The report also states that a central cause of the blowout was failure of a cement barrier allowing hydrocarbons to flow up the wellbore, through the riser and onto the rig, resulting in the blowout.

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test. In the report, BP was accused of nine faults. One was that it had not used a diagnostic tool to test the strength of the cement. Another was ignoring a pressure test that had failed. Still another was for not plugging the pipe with cement. The study did not, however, place the blame on any one

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to protect British interests in the United States. British pension fund managers (who have large holdings of BP shares and rely upon its dividends) accepted that while BP had to pay compensation for the spill and the environmental damage, they argued that the cost to the company's market value from

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oil spill, that adopted recommendations from the Interagency Ocean Policy Task Force and established the National Ocean Council. The council called together a number of federal committees and departments engaged in ocean issues to work with a newly established committee for conservation and resource

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A study that investigated the health effects among children in Louisiana and Florida living less than 10 miles from the coast found that more than a third of the parents reported physical or mental health symptoms among their children. The parents reported "unexplained symptoms among their children,

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that were exposed to oil from the spill developed deformities of the heart and other organs that would be expected to be fatal or at least life-shortening. The scientists said that their findings would most likely apply to other large predator fish and "even to humans, whose developing hearts are in

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stretching over 4,200,000 ft (1,300 km) were deployed, either to corral the oil or as barriers to protect marshes, mangroves, shrimp/crab/oyster ranches or other ecologically sensitive areas. Booms extend 18–48 in (0.46–1.22 m) above and below the water surface and were effective

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The fundamental strategies for addressing the spill were containment, dispersal and removal. In summer 2010, approximately 47,000 people and 7,000 vessels were involved in the project. By 3 October 2012, federal response costs amounted to $ 850 million, mostly reimbursed by BP. As of

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In January 2013, BP said that they were continuing to investigate possible sources of the oil sheen. Chemical data implied that the substance might be residual oil leaking from the wreckage. If that proves to be the case, the sheen can be expected to eventually disappear. Another possibility is that

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with plus or minus 10% uncertainty, including oil that was collected, making it the world's largest accidental spill. BP challenged the higher figure, saying that the government overestimated the prefaced volume. Internal emails released in 2013 showed that one BP employee had estimates that matched

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White, Helen K.; Hsing, Pen-Yuan; Cho, Walter; Shank, Timothy M.; Cordes, Erik E.; Quattrini, Andrea M.; Nelson, Robert K.; Camilli, Richard; Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.; German, Christopher R.; Brooks, James M.; Roberts, Harry H.; Shedd, William; Reddy, Christopher M.; Fisher, Charles R. (11 December

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On 14 November 2012, BP and the US Department of Justice reached a settlement. BP will pay $ 4.5 billion in fines and other payments, the largest of its kind in US history. In addition, the U.S. government temporarily banned BP from new federal contracts over its "lack of business integrity".

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opinion piece, Stephen Teague, staff attorney at the Mississippi Center for Justice, argued that BP had become "increasingly brazen" in "stonewalling payments." "But tens of thousands of gulf residents still haven't been fully compensated for their losses, and many are struggling to make ends meet.

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Public opinion polls in the U.S. were generally critical of the way President Obama and the federal government handled the disaster and they were extremely critical of BPs response. Across the US, thousands participated in dozens of protests at BP gas stations and other locations, reducing sales at

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matching the oil from the spill in the bodies of cleanup workers. Other studies have reported a variety of mental health issues, skin problems, breathing issues, coughing, and headaches. In 2013, during the three-day "Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference", findings discussed

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A 2012 survey of the health effects of the spill on cleanup workers reported "eye, nose and throat irritation; respiratory problems; blood in urine, vomit and rectal bleeding; seizures; nausea and violent vomiting episodes that last for hours; skin irritation, burning and lesions; short-term memory

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In the first birthing season for dolphins after the spill, dead baby dolphins washed up along Mississippi and Alabama shorelines at about 10 times the normal number. A peer-reviewed NOAA/BP study disclosed that nearly half the bottlenose dolphins tested in mid-2011 in Barataria Bay, a heavily

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those of the FRTG, and shared the data with supervisors, but BP continued with their lower number. The company argued that government figures do not reflect over 810,000 bbl (34 million US gal; 129,000 m) of oil that was collected or burned before it could enter the Gulf waters.

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In September 2014, a United States District Court judge ruled that BP was primarily responsible for the oil spill because of its gross negligence and reckless conduct. In April 2016, BP agreed to pay $ 20.8 billion in fines, the largest environmental damage settlement in United States history.

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Barbier ruled that BP had acted with "conscious disregard of known risks" and rejected BP's assertion that other parties were equally responsible for the oil spill. His ruling stated that BP "employees took risks that led to the largest environmental disaster in U.S. history", that the company was

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In 2012, tar balls continued to wash up along the Gulf coast and in 2013, tar balls could still be found in on the Mississippi and Louisiana coasts, along with oil sheens in marshes and signs of severe erosion of coastal islands, brought about by the death of trees and marsh grass from exposure to

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ordered EPA to conduct its own evaluation of alternatives and ordered BP to reduce dispersant use by 75%. BP reduced Corexit use by 25,689 to 23,250 US gal (97,240 to 88,010 L) per day, a 9% decline. On 2 August 2010, the EPA said dispersants did no more harm to the environment than

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For a time, a group called Matter of Trust, citing insufficient availability of manufactured oil absorption booms, campaigned to encourage hair salons, dog groomers and sheep farmers to donate hair, fur and wool clippings, stuffed in pantyhose or tights, to help contain oil near impacted shores, a

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None of the charges against individuals resulted in any prison time, and no charges were levied against upper level executives. Anthony Badalementi was sentenced to one year probation, Donald Vidrine paid a $ 50,000 fine and received 10 months probation, Kurt Mix received 6 months' probation, and

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The trial's first phase was to determine the liability of BP, Transocean, Halliburton, and other companies, and if they acted with gross negligence and willful misconduct. The second phase scheduled in September 2013 focused on the flow rate of the oil and the third phase scheduled in 2014 was to

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Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling released a final report on 5 January 2011. The panel found that BP, Halliburton, and Transocean had attempted to work more cheaply and thus helped to trigger the explosion and ensuing leakage. The report stated that "whether purposeful or not, many of the decisions

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and NOAA to the Gulf Coast to assess the disaster. In his 15 June speech, Obama said, "This oil spill is the worst environmental disaster America has ever faced... Make no mistake: we will fight this spill with everything we've got for as long as it takes. We will make BP pay for the damage their

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were used to hasten the oil's degradation to prevent the oil from doing further damage to the marine habitats below the surface water. For the Deep Horizon oil spill, cleanup workers used 1,400,000 US gal (5,300,000 L; 1,200,000 imp gal) of various chemical dispersants to

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but conflicting results have been reported on this in the context of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Mixing dispersants with oil at the wellhead would keep some oil below the surface and, in theory, allow microbes to digest the oil before it reached the surface. Various risks were identified and

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It was estimated with plus-or-minus 10% uncertainty that 4.9 MMbbl (780,000 m) of oil was released from the well; 4.1 MMbbl (650,000 m) of oil went into the Gulf. The report led by the Department of the Interior and the NOAA said that "75% has been cleaned up by Man or Mother

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In October 2012, BP reported that they had found and plugged leaking oil from the failed containment dome, now abandoned about 1,500 ft (460 m) from the main well. In December 2012, the USCG conducted a subsea survey; no oil coming from the wells or the wreckage was found and its source

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started drilling a second relief on 16 May 2010. On 3 August 2010, first test oil and then drilling mud was pumped at a slow rate of approximately 2 bbl (320 L) per minute into the well-head. Pumping continued for eight hours, at the end of which the well was declared to be "in a static

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from the top of the blowout preventer and covered the pipe by the cap which connected it to another riser. On 16 June, a second containment system connected directly to the blowout preventer began carrying oil and gas to service vessels, where it was consumed in a clean-burning system. The United

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The U.S. government rejected offers of cleanup help from Canada, Croatia, France, Germany, Ireland, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Romania, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United Nations. The U.S. State Department listed 70 assistance offers from 23 countries, all being

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contradicted the underwater plume discussion noting, "It may be down to how you define what a plume is here… The oil that has been found is in very minute quantities." In June, BP launched a PR campaign and successfully bid for several search terms related to the spill on Google and other search

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Following the 26 May 2010 hospitalization of seven fishermen that were working in the cleanup crew, BP requested that the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health perform a Health Hazard Evaluation. This was to cover all offshore cleanup activities; BP later requested a second NIOSH

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Underwater injection of Corexit into the leak may have created the oil plumes which were discovered below the surface. Because the dispersants were applied at depth, much of the oil never rose to the surface. One plume was 22 mi (35 km) long, more than 1 mi (1,600 m) wide and

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In May 2010, a local native set up a network for people to volunteer their assistance in cleaning up beaches. Boat captains were given the opportunity to offer the use of their boats to help clean and prevent the oil from further spreading. To assist with the efforts the captains had to register

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In 2013, more than 4,600,000 lb (2,100 t) of "oiled material" was removed from the Louisiana coast. Although only "minute" quantities of oil continued to wash up in 2013, patches of tar balls were still being reported almost every day from Alabama and Florida Panhandle beaches. Regular

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In April 2012, the Justice Department filed the first criminal charge against Kurt Mix, a BP engineer, for obstructing justice by deleting messages showing that BP knew the flow rate was three times higher than initial claims by the company, and knew that "Top Kill" was unlikely to succeed, but

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imposed in response to the spill would further harm the economies of coastal communities as the oil industry directly or indirectly employs about 318,000 Louisiana residents (17% of all jobs in the state). NOAA had closed 86,985 sq mi (225,290 km), or approximately 36% of Federal

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The US government report issued in September 2011 stated that BP is ultimately responsible for the spill, and that Halliburton and Transocean share some of the blame. The report states that the main cause was the defective cement job, and Halliburton, BP and Transocean were, in different ways,

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The three basic approaches for removing the oil from the water were: combustion, offshore filtration, and collection for later processing. USCG said 33,000,000 US gal (120,000 m) of tainted water was recovered, including 5,000,000 US gal (19,000 m) of oil. BP said

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consider damages. According to the plaintiffs' lawyers the major cause of an explosion was the mishandling of a rig safety test, while inadequate training of the staff, poor maintenance of the equipment and substandard cement were also mentioned as things leading to the disaster. According to

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BP and its partners in the oil well, Transocean and Halliburton, went on trial on 25 February 2013 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana in New Orleans to determine payouts and fines under the Clean Water Act and the Natural Resources Damage Assessment. The

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called the amount of oil and dispersant "relatively tiny" in comparison with the "very big ocean." Later, he drew an outpouring of criticism when he said that the spill was a disruption to Gulf Coast residents and himself adding, "You know, I'd like my life back." BP's chief operating officer

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ordered the federal government to hold the issuing of new offshore drilling leases and authorized the investigation of 29 oil rigs in the Gulf in an effort to determine the cause of the disaster. Later a six-month offshore drilling (below 500 ft (150 m) of water) moratorium was

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Local and federal authorities citing BP's authority denied access to members of the press attempting to document the spill from the air, from boats, and on the ground, blocking access to areas that were open to the public. In some cases photographers were granted access only with BP officials

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Concerns were raised about the appearance of underwater, horizontally-extended plumes of dissolved oil. Researchers concluded that deep plumes of dissolved oil and gas would likely remain confined to the northern Gulf of Mexico and that the peak impact on dissolved oxygen would be delayed and

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announced that BP would be temporarily banned from new contracts with the United States government. BP and the Department of Justice agreed to a record-setting $ 4.525 billion in fines and other payments. As of 2018, cleanup costs, charges and penalties had cost the company more than $

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Mitra, Siddhartha; Kimmel, David G.; Snyder, Jessica; Scalise, Kimberly; McGlaughon, Benjamin D.; Roman, Michael R.; Jahn, Ginger L.; Pierson, James J.; Brandt, Stephen B.; Montoya, Joseph P.; Rosenbauer, Robert J.; Lorenson, Thomas D.; Wong, Florence L.; Campbell, Pamela L. (20 March 2012).

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reported that the gulf ecosystem was "in crisis", citing a decline in seafood catches, as well as deformities and lesions found in fish. According to J. Christopher Haney, Harold Geiger, and Jeffrey Short, three researchers with extensive experience in environmental monitoring and post-spill

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ruled BP was guilty of gross negligence and willful misconduct. He described BP's actions as "reckless." He said Transocean's and Halliburton's actions were "negligent." He apportioned 67% of the blame for the spill to BP, 30% to Transocean, and 3% to Halliburton. Fines would be apportioned

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fish that scientists and commercial fishers saw in 2012, including 50% of shrimp found lacking eyes and eye sockets. Fish with oozing sores and lesions were first noted by fishermen in November 2010. Prior to the spill, approximately 0.1% of Gulf fish had lesions or sores. A report from the

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Corexit EC9500A and Corexit EC9527A were the principal variants. The two formulations are neither the least toxic, nor the most effective, among EPA's approved dispersants, but BP said it chose to use Corexit because it was available the week of the rig explosion. On 19 May, the EPA gave BP

2001:(API) stated that the offshore drilling industry is important to job creation and economic growth. CEOs from the top five oil companies all agreed to work harder at improving safety. API announced the creation of an offshore safety institute, separate from API's lobbying operation. 1536:

spill. These numbers, coupled with the National Audubon Society scientists' observations of bird colonies and bird mortality well after the acute phase, have led scientists to conclude that more than one million birds ultimately succumbed to the lethal effects of the Gulf oil spill.

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stated, "Our job basically is to keep the boot on the neck of British Petroleum." Some observers suggested that the Obama administration was being overly aggressive in its criticisms, which some BP investors saw as an attempt to deflect criticism of his own handling of the crisis.

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Mike Robicheux, a Louisiana physician, described the situation as "the biggest public health crisis from a chemical poisoning in the history of this country." In July, after testing the blood of BP cleanup workers and residents in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida for

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manufacturer Cameron. The oil firm alleged failed safety systems and irresponsible behaviour of contractors had led to the explosion, including claims that Halliburton failed to properly use modelling software to analyze safe drilling conditions. The firms deny the allegations.

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Workers reported that they were not allowed to use respirators, and that their jobs were threatened if they did. OSHA said "cleanup workers are receiving "minimal" exposure to airborne toxins...OSHA will require that BP provide certain protective clothing, but not respirators."

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In the November 2012 resolution of the federal charges against it, BP agreed to plead guilty to 11 felony counts related to the deaths of the 11 workers and paid a $ 4 billion fine. Transocean pled guilty to a misdemeanor charge as part of its $ 1.4 billion fine.

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On 2 July 2015, BP, the U.S. Justice Department and five gulf states announced that the company agreed to pay a record settlement of $ 18.7 billion. To date BP's cost for the clean-up, environmental and economic damages and penalties has reached $ 54 billion.

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booms, a total of 13,300,000 ft (4,100 km) of booms were deployed. Booms were criticized for washing up on the shore with the oil, allowing oil to escape above or below the boom, and for ineffectiveness in more than three- to four-foot (90–120 cm) waves.

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found that 7,300 claimants were wrongly denied or underpaid. As a result, about $ 64 million of additional payments was made. The Mississippi Center for Justice provided pro bono assistance to 10,000 people to help them "navigate the complex claims process." In a

816:; however, a study done in 2013 found that one of the plumes of dispersant-treated oil had reached a shelf 80 mi (130 km) off the Tampa Bay region. According to researchers, there is "some evidence it may have caused lesions in fish caught in that area". 2283:

The GCCF and its administrator Feinberg had been criticized about the amount and speed of payments as well as a lack of transparency. An independent audit of the GCCF, announced by Attorney General Eric Holder, was approved by Senate on 21 October 2011. An auditor

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spill. This fund was set aside for natural resource damages, state and local response costs, and individual compensation, but could not be used for fines or penalties. Prior to establishing the GCCF, emergency compensation was paid by BP from an initial facility.

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Due to the Deepwater Horizon spill, marine life was suffering. Thousands of animals were visibly covered in oil. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service rescued animals to help with the spill cleanup, although there were many animals found dead. The organization

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crew was denied access to the oil-covered beaches of the spill area. The CBS crew was told by the authorities, "This is BP's rules, not ours," when trying to film the area. Some members of Congress criticized the restrictions placed on access by journalists.

1127:. The dangers are even greater when poured into the source of a spill, because they are picked up by the current and wash through the Gulf. According to BP and federal officials, dispersant use stopped after the cap was in place; however, marine toxicologist 1058:

to protect the coast of Louisiana. The plan was criticised for its expense and poor results. Critics allege that the decision to pursue the project was political with little scientific input. The EPA expressed concern that the booms would threaten wildlife.

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has left him a highly controversial public figure. In May 2013, he was honored as a "distinguished leader" by the University of Birmingham, but his award ceremony was stopped on multiple occasions by jeers and walk-outs and the focus of a protest from

1498:, previously only used as a surface application, was released underwater in unprecedented amounts, with the intent of making it more easily biodegraded by naturally occurring microbes. Thus, oil that would normally rise to the surface of the water was 1424:

and chemicals that pose various health risks to humans and marine life. The PAHs were most concentrated near the Louisiana Coast, but levels also jumped 2–3 fold in areas off Alabama, Mississippi and Florida. PAHs can harm marine species directly and

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The oil leak was discovered on the afternoon of 22 April 2010 when a large oil slick began to spread at the former rig site. The oil flowed for 87 days. BP originally estimated a flow rate of 1,000 to 5,000 barrels per day (160 to 790 m/d). The

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court ruled that BP had not explained "how this court or the district court should identify or even discern the existence of 'claimants that have suffered no cognizable injury.'" The Court then went further, calling BP's position "nonsensical." The

9443: 6179:"BP oil spill Deepwater Horizon, BP (Business), Oil spills (Environment), Oil and gas companies (Business), Oil (environment), Oil (business), US news, Conservation (Environment), Pollution (Environment), World news, Environment, Business" 1621:

found that oil already broken down by wave action and chemical dispersants was more toxic than fresh oil. A 2015 study of the relative toxicity of oil and dispersants to coral also found that the dispersants were more toxic than the oil.

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Several studies suggest that microbes successfully consumed part of the oil. By mid-September, other research claimed that microbes mainly digested natural gas rather than oil. David L. Valentine, a professor of microbial geochemistry at

2451:"reckless", and determined that several crucial BP decisions were "primarily driven by a desire to save time and money, rather than ensuring that the well was secure." BP strongly disagreed with the ruling and filed an immediate appeal. 1277:, said that the capability of microbes to break down the leaked oil had been greatly exaggerated. However, biogeochemist Chris Reddy said natural microorganisms are a big reason why the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico was not far worse. 1669:; 108 of those involved workers in the clean-up efforts, while 35 were reported by residents. Chemicals from the oil and dispersant are believed to be the cause; it is believed that the addition of dispersants made the oil more toxic. 1252:. On beaches, the main techniques were sifting sand, removing tar balls, and digging out tar mats manually or by using mechanical devices. For marshes, techniques such as vacuum and pumping, low-pressure flush, vegetation cutting, and 2032:

management. In June 2018, the executive order establishing the National Ocean Council was revoked by then-U.S. president Donald Trump in an effort to roll back bureaucracy and benefit "ocean industries employ millions of Americans".

570:, and was chartered to BP from March 2008 to September 2013. It was drilling a deep exploratory well, 18,360 ft (5,600 m) below sea level, in approximately 5,100 ft (1,600 m) of water. The well is situated in the 2391:

and to pay a total of $ 1.4 billion in civil and criminal fines and penalties". $ 800 million goes to Gulf Coast restoration Trust Fund, $ 300 million to the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund, $ 150 million to the

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failed blowout preventer was removed from the well and a replacement blowout preventer was installed. On 16 September 2010, the relief well reached its destination and pumping of cement to seal the well began. On 19 September 2010,

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BP then inserted a riser insertion tube into the pipe and a stopper-like washer around the tube plugged at the end of the riser and diverted the flow into the insertion tube. The collected gas was flared and oil stored on board the

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was dissolved after it was determined it had exercised poor oversight over the drilling industry. Three new agencies replaced it, separating the regulation, leasing, and revenue collection responsibilities respectively, among the

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650 ft (200 m) deep. In a major study on the plume, experts were most concerned about the slow pace at which the oil was breaking down in the cold, 40 °F (4 °C) water at depths of 3,000 ft (900 m).

8510: 4900:; Murasko, Sue; English, David; Basso, Jonelle; Delaney, Jennifer; McDaniel, Lauren; Kovach, Charles W. (3 September 2013). "Toxicity and Mutagenicity of Gulf of Mexico Waters During and After the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill". 2198:

On 9 November 2010, a report by the Oil Spill Commission said that there had been "a rush to completion" on the well and criticised poor management decisions. "There was not a culture of safety on that rig," the co-chair said.

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The USCG initially said the oil was too dispersed to recover and posed no threat to the coastline, but later warned BP and Transocean that they might be held financially responsible for cleaning up the new oil. USGS director

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zone over the operations area. Restrictions were to prevent civilian air traffic from interfering with aircraft assisting the response effort. All flights in the operations' area were prohibited except flight authorized by

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the case, Judge Barbier, refused to halt the settlement program, saying he had not seen evidence of widespread fraud, adding that he was "offended by what he saw as attempts to smear the lawyer administering the claims."

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In the UK, there was anger at the American press and news outlets for the misuse of the term "British Petroleum" for the company – a name which has not been used since British Petroleum merged with the American company

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decisions and an inadequate safety system, but also concluded that the spill resulted from "systemic" root causes and "absent significant reform in both industry practices and government policies, might well recur".

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On 2 March 2012, BP and plaintiffs agreed to settle their lawsuits. The deal would settle roughly 100,000 claims filed by individuals and businesses affected by the spill. On 13 August, BP asked US District Judge

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Explosion and Oil Spill: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, Second Session, June 17,

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the oil. In 2013, former NASA physicist Bonny Schumaker noted a "dearth of marine life" in a radius 30 to 50 mi (48 to 80 km) around the well, after flying over the area numerous times since May 2010.

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work continued using physical barriers such as floating booms, the cleanup workers' objective was to keep the oil from spreading any further. They used skimmer boats to remove a majority of the oil and they used

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On 25 July 2013, Halliburton pleaded guilty to destruction of critical evidence after the oil spill and said it would pay the maximum allowable fine of $ 200,000 and will be subject to three years of probation.

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Numerous investigations explored the causes of the explosion and record-setting spill. The United States Government report, published in September 2011, pointed to defective cement on the well, faulting mostly

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the oil and that they stopped a large amount of oil from reaching the coast by breaking it down faster. However, some independent scientists and EPA's own experts continue to voice concerns about the approach.

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the U.S. government and Gulf Coast states had prepared an offer to BP for a $ 16 billion settlement. However, it was not clear if this deal had been officially proposed to BP and if BP has accepted it.

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Oil slicks were reported in March and August 2011, in March and October 2012, and in January 2013. Repeated scientific analyses confirmed that the sheen was a chemical match for oil from the Macondo well.

12175: 9447: 440:. Due to the months-long spill, along with adverse effects from the response and cleanup activities, extensive damage to marine and wildlife habitats and fishing and tourism industries was reported. In 14368: 3117: 2529:

2012 traveled across the gulf coast interviewing environmental experts, government authorities, fishermen, scientists, drilling engineers, and key BP contractors, examining economic and health effects.

8749: 10275: 10089: 2280:. In June 2012, the settlement of claims through the GCCF was replaced by the court-supervised settlement program. During this transition period additional $ 404 million in claims were paid. 1514:

larvae. A study of insect populations in the coastal marshes affected by the spill also found a significant impact. Chemicals from the spill were found in migratory birds as far away as Minnesota.

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later refused to hear BP's appeal after victims and claimants, along with numerous Gulf coast area chambers of commerce, objected to the oil major's efforts to renege on the Settlement Agreement.

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spill, with the possibility of eventual criminal charges being filed if the spill is shown to be connected. Some estimates are that only 2% of the carcasses of killed mammals have been recovered.

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including bleeding ears, nose bleeds, and the early start of menstruation among girls," according to David Abramson, director of Columbia University's National Center for Disaster Preparedness.

11115: 10978: 2090:. This was described as a "sick joke" and "a very serious error of judgement" by Friends of the Earth Scotland. The student body president expressed that students would be "very disappointed." 1245:, with each machine capable of extracting up to 2,000 bbl/d (320 m/d). After one week of testing, BP began to proceed and, by 28 June, had removed 890,000 bbl (141,000 m). 8665: 10585: 10537: 5612: 2264:

On 16 June 2010, after BP executives met with President Obama, BP announced and established the Gulf Coast Claims Facility (GCCF), a $ 20 billion fund to settle claims arising from the

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called for a special session of the state legislature to draft an amendment to the state constitution banning offshore drilling in state waters, which the legislature rejected on 20 July.

7930: 7208: 2223:. The report concluded that the primary cause of failure was that the blind shear rams failed to fully close and seal due to a portion of drill pipe buckling between the shearing blocks. 2067:

engines so that the first sponsored search result linked directly to the company's website. On 26 July 2010, it was announced that CEO Tony Hayward was to resign and would be replaced by

1218:'s report, the released amount is not enough to pose an added cancer risk to workers and coastal residents, while a second research team concluded that there was only a small added risk. 11596: 10182: 8691: 6403: 6062: 5757: 2165:

Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling was established on 22 May to "consider the root causes of the disaster and offer options on safety and environmental precautions." The investigation by

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briefly captured from 24-km stretch near southeastern Louisiana, half were seriously ill or dying. BP said the report was "inconclusive as to any causation associated with the spill".

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In September 2014, Halliburton agreed to settle a large percentage of legal claims against it by paying $ 1.1 billion into a trust by way of three installments over two years.

11951:"UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF LOUISIANA IN RE: OIL SPILL BY THE OIL RIG : MDL NO. 2179 "DEEPWATER HORIZON" IN THE GULF : OF MEXICO, ON APRIL 20, 2010" 11675: 6196: 2176:

conducted a number of hearings, including hearings of Tony Hayward and heads of Anadarko and Mitsui's exploration unit. According to the US Congressional investigation, the rig's

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high degree of economic disruption as a result of spill were significantly more likely to report wheezing; headaches; watery, burning, itchy eyes and stuffy, itchy, runny nose.

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Nature"; however, only about 25% of released oil was collected or removed while about 75% of oil remained in the environment in one form or another. In 2012, Markus Huettel, a

12324: 10009: 9964: 4175: 14194: 5337: 5658: 2161:. On 11 May the United States administration requested the National Academy of Engineering conduct an independent technical investigation. The National Commission on the BP 2135: 11000: 7778: 7695:"BP's Photo Blockade of the Gulf Oil Spill: Photographers Say BP and Government Officials Are Preventing Them from Documenting the Impact of the Deepwater Horizon Disaster" 3498: 464:

exposed to oil from the spill developed deformities of the heart and other organs which would be expected to be fatal or at least life-shortening; another study found that

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agreed to pay $ 45 million to the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund, $ 25 million to five Gulf state and $ 20 million to supplemental environmental projects.

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over the largest leak and piped the oil to a storage vessel. While this technique had worked in shallower water, it failed here when gas combined with cold water to form

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In June 2010, Steve Goodie, a comedy musician, wrote parody lyrics to The Doobie Brothers' hit song "Black Water" related to the BP oil spill. "Black Water " also had a

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loss and confusion; liver and kidney damage; central nervous system effects and nervous system damage; hypertension; and miscarriages". Dr. James Diaz, writing for the

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stated that the riser pipe could hold at most 1,000 bbl (160 m) because it is open on both ends, making it unlikely to hold the amount of oil being observed.

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were set into motion by the failure to prevent a well blowout, the investigation revealed numerous systems deficiencies, and acts and omissions by Transocean and its

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Conservation Letters: Whale and dolphin death toll during Deepwater disaster may have been greatly underestimated by Dr. Rob Williams, et al. – Offshore Oil Drilling

1997:

The petroleum industry claimed that disasters are infrequent and that this spill was an isolated incident and rejected claims of a loss of industry credibility. The

460:

and other marine life continued to die in record numbers with infant dolphins dying at six times the normal rate. One study released in 2014 reported that tuna and

12092:"Transocean Agrees to Plead Guilty to Environmental Crime and Enter Civil Settlement to Resolve U.S. Clean Water Act Penalty Claims from Deepwater Horizon Incident" 9721: 8524: 6422: 4714: 4345: 1902:, issued a letter to oil companies asking them to explain their argument against safety rules which require same-season relief wells. On 3 May California Governor 987:

remains unknown. In addition, a white, milky substance was observed seeping from the wreckage. According to BP and the USCG, it is "not oil and it's not harmful."

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hoping to change the gravitational pull on the Earth and quell the swells on the ocean, allowing them to place a cap on the portal. Unfortunately, in doing this,

2154:. The Republic of the Marshall Islands Maritime Administrator conducted a separate investigation on the marine casualty. BP conducted its internal investigation. 14917: 14465: 14460: 12183: 5902: 1391: 268: 9540:"The Impact of the BP Oil Spill on Visitor Spending in Louisiana: Revised estimates based on data through 2010 Q4, Prepared for the Louisiana Office of Tourism" 4407: 2469:

In addition to the private lawsuits and civil governmental actions, the federal government charged multiple companies and five individuals with federal crimes.

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said she was "finding amounts 5 to 10 times in excess of the 95th percentile"; she said that "the presence of these chemicals in the blood indicates exposure."

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Unusual Mortality Event (UME) has been recognized since before the spill began, NOAA is investigating possible contributing factors to the ongoing UME from the

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by weight, compared to about 5% found in typical oil deposits. Methane can potentially suffocate marine life and create "dead zones" where oxygen is depleted.

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chose to focus on the social impacts on people whose lives have been affected by this tragedy. Later airing 19 April 2015 as the season 16, episode 14 of

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dolphins within the spill area "had abnormal or under-developed lungs", compared to 15 percent in other areas. The study was published in the April 2016

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The State of Louisiana was funded by BP to do regular testing of fish, shellfish, water, and sand. Initial testing regularly showed detectable levels of

278: 14365: 13636: 6777:"Statement by EPA Administrator Lisa P. Jackson from Press Conference on Dispersant Use in the Gulf of Mexico with U.S. Coast Guard Rear Admiral Landry" 6084: 1736:

showed that BP did not hand out the legally required safety manual for use with Corexit, and were not provided with safety training or protective gear.

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of the oil by 52 times. The scientists concluded that "Mixing oil with dispersant increased toxicity to ecosystems" and made the gulf oil spill worse.

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floating around the Gulf of Mexico called "Balls In Your Mouth." He performed it a number of times on the show with different guest singers, including

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President Barack Obama meets with National Incident Commander, Admiral Thad Allen, and EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson to discuss response to the spill.

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The first video images were released on 12 May, and further video images were released by members of Congress who had been given access to them by BP.

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Marghany, Maged (15 December 2014). "Utilization of a genetic algorithm for the automatic detection of oil spill from RADARSAT-2 SAR satellite data".

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After the well was capped, the cleanup of shore became the main task of the response works. Two main types of affected coast were sandy beaches and

906:. Before the tube was removed, it collected 924,000 US gal (22,000 bbl; 3,500 m) of oil. On 3 June 2010, BP removed the damaged 650:

and rose into the drilling rig, where it ignited and exploded, engulfing the platform. Eleven missing workers were never found despite a three-day

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Many low-wage workers in the fishing and service industries, for example, have been seeking compensation for lost wages and jobs for three years."

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to contain the flow, the well was declared sealed on 19 September 2010. Reports in early 2012 indicated that the well site was still leaking. The

15774: 14445: 14129: 12976: 9297: 8247: 7745: 7104: 6934: 3392: 2923: 1626: 1467: 1445: 825: 414: 258: 14112: 10723: 7934: 7247: 3470: 11950: 11600: 10593: 2151: 1927: 13140: 12687: 12616: 11149: 10172: 9403: 8215: 7482: 5474: 4516: 1981:

company has caused. And we will do whatever's necessary to help the Gulf Coast and its people recover from this tragedy." Interior Secretary

14585: 12666:"Blowout: Four years after his indictment, one of the only people prosecuted for the Deepwater Horizon explosion tells his side of the story" 9508:

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Physical Health among Adult Women in Southern Louisiana: The Women and Their Children's Health (WaTCH) Study.

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In July 2013, BP made a motion in court to freeze payments on tens of thousands of claims, arguing inter alia that a staff attorney from the

2277: 776:. In September a new wave of oil suddenly coated 16 mi (26 km) of Louisiana coastline and marshes west of the Mississippi River in 509: 10324: 9855: 9779: 6669: 3785: 3193: 732:

According to the satellite images, the spill directly affected 70,000 sq mi (180,000 km) of ocean, comparable to the area of

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On 8 September 2010, BP released a 193-page report on its web site. The report places some of the blame for the accident on BP but also on

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cleanup patrols were no longer considered justified but cleanup was being conducted on an as-needed basis, in response to public reports.

15769: 15749: 14450: 14424: 12443: 11683: 9753: 7117: 2895: 677: 310: 248: 14039: 13348:"Amazon.com: Journey to Planet Earth: Dispatches from the Gulf 1 : Matt Damon, Hal Weiner, Hal Weiner, Marilyn Weiner: Prime Video" 13241: 12991: 11001:"Weekly Address: President Obama Establishes Bipartisan National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling" 10470: 10444: 9506:

Lauren C. Peres, Edward Trapido, Ariane L. Rung, Daniel J. Harrington, Evrim Oral, Zhide Fang, Elizabeth Fontham, and Edward S. Peters.

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emerged from the portal. Each time they drilled, Tony Hayward released a "we're sorry" campaign. The hole in the Gulf wasn't shut until

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evaluated, in particular, that an increase in microbial activity might reduce subsea oxygen levels, threatening fish and other animals.

9968: 6232: 1760:. These studies also showed that the bodies of former spill cleanup workers carry biomarkers of "many chemicals contained in the oil". 1143: 831: 9722:"FB10-055: BP Oil Spill: NOAA Modifies Commercial and Recreational Fishing Closure in the Oil-Affected Portions of the Gulf of Mexico" 6213: 3471:

Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE)/U.S. Coast Guard Joint Investigation Team (14 September 2011).

1369:, a chemical used in the clean up. Testing over 2019 reported by GulfSource.org, for the pollutants tested have not produced results. 1018:

at Florida State University, maintained that while much of BP's oil was degraded or evaporated, at least 60% remains unaccounted for.

15734: 15007: 14948: 14397: 11570: 8605: 4183: 3292: 2573:, documented the cleanup effort and locals across four Gulf states about the largest man-made environmental disaster in U.S. history. 2317: 2099:

initially declined, but later, 8 had been accepted. The USCG actively requested skimming boats and equipment from several countries.

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whose range is entirely contained within the spill-affected area. In March 2012, a definitive link was found between the death of a

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chemicals. Environmental scientists expressed concerns that the dispersants add to the toxicity of a spill, increasing the threat to

724:(FRTG) estimated the initial flow rate was 62,000 bbl/d (9,900 m/d). The total estimated volume of leaked oil approximated 12332: 9564: 9539: 2566:, documented the town of nearly 300 struggling to survive following the BP Oil Spill that left their crop dead and finances in ruin. 1540:

In July 2010, it was reported that the spill was "already having a 'devastating' effect on marine life in the Gulf". Damage to the

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fires remediated approximately 265,000 bbl (11.1 million US gal; 42,100 m). The fires released small amounts of

15709: 15704: 14191: 12561: 11427:"Comment. The Gulf Coast Claims Facility and the Deepwater Horizon Litigation: Judicial Regulation of Private Compensation Schemes" 10957: 10749: 10354: 9351: 6603: 6011: 3318: 2992: 1918: 1852: 1518:

eggs contained "petroleum compounds and Corexit". Dispersant and PAHs from oil are believed to have caused "disturbing numbers" of

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In addition to use of dispersants by boats and planes, the Deepwater Horizon spill was the first to use subsea dispersant injection

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investigation included several investigations and commissions, including reports by the USCG National Incident Commander, Admiral

1331:'s boat and allowed it to proceed only after the Coast Guard was assured that no journalists were on board. In another example, a 11510: 9245: 6625: 5961: 5631: 3713: 3502: 2509:, about the oil company, BP, covering oil spills in the gulf of Mexico and other incidents and its relationship with Governments. 2215:

On 23 March 2011, BOEMRE (former MMS) and the USCG published a forensic examination report on the blowout preventer, prepared by

2143: 1720:, advised families to evacuate the Gulf. She said that workers from the Valdez spill had suffered long-term health consequences. 1681: 410: 13605: 12263: 11381: 10931: 9472: 8735: 8721: 7988: 7638: 7032: 6702: 6160: 5846: 5743: 5704: 4809: 4489: 3472: 2733:. The song is about the slow response time for aid to disaster-stricken areas, with lyrics that allude to the Macondo spill and 599: 15372: 15362: 15023: 14141: 12538: 11794: 10855: 8464: 5729: 4649: 1823: 1167: 12152: 9727:. NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Regional Office, Southeast Fishery Bulletin. 21 June 2010. Archived from 2387:

On 3 January 2013, the US Justice Department announced "Transocean Deepwater Inc. has agreed to plead guilty to violating the

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in the history of the petroleum industry and estimated to be 8 to 31 percent larger in volume than the previous largest, the

9703: 8811: 8337: 8233: 6259: 2049:. It was said that the U.S. was "dumping" the blame onto the British people and there were calls for British Prime Minister 15694: 15640: 15042: 14390: 14304: 14150: 13659: 12644: 8909: 8620: 6279: 5519: 5496: 3738: 1973: 1502:

into tiny droplets and remained suspended in the water and on the sea floor. The oil and dispersant mixture permeated the

1004: 263: 12587: 12236: 12066: 10642: 10498: 7541: 6430: 4315: 1876:, lifted the moratorium finding it too broad, arbitrary and not adequately justified. The ban was lifted in October 2010. 1732:

reported that workers were being photographed while working with no protective clothing. An independent investigation for

15739: 15617: 12511: 12095: 11040: 9728: 8528: 4724: 4353: 3171: 2408: 2356: 2334:. On 21 April 2011, BP issued $ 40 billion worth of lawsuits against rig owner Transocean, cementer Halliburton and 1935: 1146:

requests obtained by GAP, neither the protective gear nor the manual were distributed to Gulf oil spill cleanup workers.

545: 493: 11316: 10616: 8550: 8490:"2010–2011 Cetacean Unusual Mortality Event in Northern Gulf of Mexico – Office of Protected Resources – NOAA Fisheries" 7733: 6320: 5874: 5427: 4864: 4772: 4438: 4206: 4114: 1475:

many ways similar." BP responded that the concentrations of oil in the study were a level rarely seen in the Gulf, but

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In May 2010, BP admitted they had "discovered things that were broken in the sub-surface" during the "top kill" effort.

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was added to the waters to speed digestion. The delivery method of microbes to oil patches was proposed by the Russian

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condition." On 4 August 2010, BP began pumping cement from the top, sealing that part of the flow channel permanently.

725: 24: 11637: 11426: 10979:"Salazar Launches Safety and Environmental Protection Reforms to Toughen Oversight of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations" 9661: 9565:"Summary of Information concerning the Ecological and Economic Impacts of the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Disaster" 5912: 5153: 3252: 15629: 14970: 14561: 11936: 11848: 10908: 9568: 9025: 8445: 8360: 7694: 7363: 7344: 4464: 4415: 3765: 3046: 2586:

investigates how the disaster affected local economies and the health of humans, animals, and food sources, and with

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included a '"significant percentage" of Gulf residents reporting mental health problems like anxiety, depression and

1416:, 4 sea turtles and 29 marine mammals. Between May and June 2010, the spill waters contained 40 times more 1357:

to absorb any remnant of oil like a sponge. Although that method did not remove the oil completely, chemicals called

1139: 1132: 350: 298: 14277: 13748: 11621: 10097: 6214:"Slosh and Berm: Building Sand Barriers off Louisiana's Coast to Hold Back Oil Spill Has Low Probability of Success" 6085:"Florida Keys environmentalists act to protect against BP oil spill summer 2010 | Global Nonviolent Action Database" 5283: 5188: 4248: 1010:

January 2013, 935 personnel were still involved. By that time cleanup had cost BP over $ 14 billion.

594:

coast. BP was the operator and principal developer of the Macondo Prospect with a 65% share, while 25% was owned by

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Ortmann, Alice C.; Anders, Jennifer; Shelton, Naomi; Gong, Limin; Moss, Anthony G.; Condon, Robert H. (July 2012).

6916: 6825: 4146: 4039: 2147: 14354: 13271: 8186: 7612: 15744: 14960: 13206: 9001: 8830: 7962: 7548: 7465: 6483: 6178: 4959: 4878: 4837: 4288: 4008: 2393: 2139: 2113: 1969: 1880: 1417: 1311: 1242: 654:(USCG) search operation and are believed to have died in the explosion. Ninety-four crew members were rescued by 288: 13518: 11656: 11482: 10208: 9429: 9323: 9195: 9116: 7677: 6528: 3989: 3939: 3826: 3612: 3024: 963:

The Discoverer Enterprise and the Q4000 work around the clock burning undesirable gases from the still uncapped

14287: 14125: 13945: 11208: 8638: 7905: 7441: 7385: 5818: 5130: 4561: 3858: 2552: 2166: 761: 757: 15449: 11252: 11217: 9090: 7904:(Press release). Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A&M University. Archived from 5378: 2322:

By 26 May 2010, over 130 lawsuits relating to the spill had been filed against one or more of BP, Transocean,

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Prior to the oil spill, on 31 March 2010, Obama ended a ban on oil and gas drilling along the majority of the

1527:

said that many locations showed 20% of fish with lesions, while later estimates reached 50%. In October 2013,

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Dark clouds of smoke and fire emerge as oil burns during a controlled fire in the Gulf of Mexico, 6 May 2010

44: 15594: 15126: 15088: 14965: 13423: 13242:"Focus on Nature: Film Series (PLV) | Current Students | October 15, 2015 | PACE UNIVERSITY" 11893: 11874: 10775: 10448: 7014: 6346: 4657: 3227: 2875: 2791:

released the song "Hole in the Ocean Floor" referencing the Deepwater Horizon oil spill as his inspiration.

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An investigation of the possible causes of the explosion was launched on 22 April 2010 by the USCG and the

1998: 1579: 1315: 638: 293: 11922: 9814: 6580: 4794: 4747: 4584: 4583:

Beyer, Jonny; Trannum, Hilde C.; Bakke, Torgeir; Hodson, Peter V.; Collier, Tracy K. (15 September 2016).

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official U.S. Government Web site, taking over content and functions from Deepwater Horizon Response site

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in an effort to win support for an energy and climate bill and to reduce foreign imports of oil and gas.

1860: 1583: 945: 615: 406: 238: 20: 12398: 9754:"Deepwater Horizon/BP Oil Spill: Size and Percent Coverage of Fishing Area Closures Due to BP Oil Spill" 7931:"OSU researchers find heightened levels of known carcinogens in Gulf – News and Research Communications" 6386: 5305: 1170:

in Environmental Pollution journal reported that Corexit used during the BP oil spill had increased the

736:. By early June 2010, oil had washed up on 125 mi (201 km) of Louisiana's coast and along the 15779: 15611: 14819: 12485: 11821: 11355: 9021:"OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH. Study to Examine Health Effects in 'Deepwater Horizon' Oil Spill Cleanup workers" 8895: 7576: 7193: 6802: 4648:

Adcroft, A.; R. Hallberg; J. P. Dunne; B. L. Samuels; J. A. Galt; C. H. Barker & D. Payton (2010).

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settlement along the lines disclosed would only be a partial resolution of the many claims against BP.

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investigation stated that " majority of GAP witnesses cited indications that Corexit was used after ".

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estimated the total discharge at 4.9 MMbbl (210,000,000 US gal; 780,000 m). After

15498: 15311: 15261: 15232: 14682: 14590: 14566: 14001: 13837: 10499:"British companies' reputation in the US is under threat, warns Washington overseas investment group" 9231: 3556: 2827: 2496: 1705: 1545: 1349: 1301: 874: 721: 651: 555:

that could operate in waters up to 10,000 ft (3,000 m) deep. Built by South Korean company

508:. BP also agreed to four years of government monitoring of its safety practices and ethics, and the 11957: 9907: 9168:"BP Oil Spill Cleanup Workers Getting Sick, Exxon Valdez Survivor Warns of Long-Term Health Effects" 6371: 2227:

responsible for the accident. The report stated that, although the events leading to the sinking of

1672: 15493: 15316: 15272: 14998: 13571: 9444:"Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference (21–23 January 2013, New Orleans, LA)" 8666:"Dolphins 'suffering miscarriage, lung disease, losing teeth after BP oil spill' researchers claim" 8551:"Half of bottlenose dolphins in Barataria Bay were seriously ill or dying in 2011, new study finds" 6747: 6554: 6254: 2659: 2331: 2087: 1960: 1528: 1115:

and Toxipedia showed that the dispersant could contain cancer-causing agents, hazardous toxins and

889:

into the blowout preventer to restrict the flow of oil before sealing it permanently with cement ("

556: 9983: 9756:. NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Regional Office. 21 June 2010. Archived from 7571: 6647: 5682:"Scientists: Oil fouling Gulf matches Deepwater Horizon well (photo gallery, video) | al.com" 3683: 2330:, although it was considered likely by observers that these would be combined into one court as a 1348:

On 15 April 2014, BP announced that cleanup along the coast was substantially complete, while the

15464: 15352: 15283: 14805: 14798: 13804: 13698: 13445: 13172: 13107: 13017: 12950: 12793: 12039: 11036: 10332: 9791: 9328: 8388:"Impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on a deep-water coral community in the Gulf of Mexico" 8310: 8122: 6676: 2534: 2434: 1327:

escorting them on BP-contracted boats and aircraft. In one example, the U.S. Coast Guard stopped

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National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling (January 2011).

8041: 7002:"Burning off oil from BP spill in Gulf posed little health risk, feds say in new report (video)" 4384: 484:. Earlier in 2011, a White House commission likewise blamed BP and its partners for a series of 15568: 15553: 15377: 15237: 14509: 11542: 10386:"APNewsBreak: Trade group says BP to give cash to gas stations due to lost sales from boycotts" 10152: 10150:

Robertson, Campbell; Schwartz, John (27 April 2014). "BP shifts its position on Gulf payouts".

9510:

Environ Health Perspect;DOI:10.1289/ehp.1510348. advance publication, retrieved 5 February 2016

7001: 6136: 5762: 5497:"BP: Cement being pumped in to permanently seal the company's blown-out well in Gulf of Mexico" 4249:"Impacts, Perception, and Policy Implications of the BP/Deepwater Horizon Oil and Gas Disaster" 2870: 2638: 1899: 1856: 1717: 505: 378: 13249: 11184:"Obama oil spill commission's final report blames disaster on cost-cutting by BP and partners" 9757: 7121: 5993: 3636: 3611:

Goldenberg, Suzanne; correspondent, US environment; Macalister, and Terry (28 November 2012).

3525:"Obama oil spill commission's final report blames disaster on cost-cutting by BP and partners" 2763:

which highlighted humanity's effect on global warming inspired by the events of the oil spill.

1855:. The moratorium suspended work on 33 rigs, and a group of affected companies formed the 1400:

Capturing heavily oiled young turtles 20 to 40 miles offshore for rehabilitation; 14 June 2010

15513: 15454: 15306: 14812: 14662: 14535: 14525: 12091: 10904: 10475: 8978: 8722:"About 565,000 pounds of oiled material from Deepwater Horizon stirred up by Hurricane Isaac" 6507:"Degraded oil in Mississippi Sound tests positive for dispersants, says lawyer | al.com" 4292: 2518: 2004: 1903: 1891: 1795: 1569: 1524: 1453: 1190: 902: 769: 749: 683: 13545:"'Dispatches from the Gulf 2' Selected by the 16th Annual International Ocean Film Festival" 13066: 9521: 9473:"BP Deepwater Horizon spill: Scientists say seafood safe, but health effects being measured" 9271: 7840: 6125:

BP Macondo Well Incident. U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Pollution Containment and Remediation Efforts

15764: 15635: 15589: 15402: 15321: 14885: 14639: 14595: 14051: 14010: 13957: 13777:"Jimmy Fallon & Brad Paisley Sing "Balls In Your Mouth" (Late Night with Jimmy Fallon)" 13753: 13365: 13067:"The Great Invisible | Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill | Independent Lens | PBS" 12362: 12294: 11772: 8399: 8187:"Scientists Find Evidence That Oil And Dispersant Mix Is Making Its Way into The Foodchain" 8134: 8074: 7993: 7290: 7223: 6479: 6028: 5962:"BP oil spill: US scientist retracts assurances over success of cleanup | Environment" 5475:"Failed blowout preventer, a key piece of evidence in Gulf oil spill probe, secure on boat" 5223: 5100: 5067: 4909: 4666: 4596: 3880: 2848: 1752: 1328: 1280: 951:

declared the well "effectively dead" and said that it posed no further threat to the Gulf.

655: 12880: 7712:"Dying, dead marine wildlife paint dark, morbid picture of Gulf Coast following oil spill" 7502:

White House and BP legal wrangling: more damage to collaborative work in disaster response

6293: 3282:

The Use of Surface and Subsea Dispersants During the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Draft

1599: 1290:

Research and Development Institute of Ecology and the Sustainable Use of Natural Resources

8: 15759: 15673: 15545: 15423: 15278: 13632: 13053: 11434: 11348:"Panel: Without changes in oil industry and government, BP-like spill could happen again" 10270: 9572: 7607: 7542:"Deepwater Horizon NOTAM Overview: Air Traffic Organization, System Operations, Security" 7274:"Dynamic autoinoculation and the microbial ecology of a deep water hydrocarbon irruption" 6404:"Migratory Birds Carry Chemicals from BP Oil Spill to Minnesota Two Years After Disaster" 6218: 5524: 5405:"BP's Deepwater Oil Spill – Tests End and the Kill Begins, Well Reaches Static Condition" 2745: 2547: 2538:, documented the April 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico following the sinking of the 1699:

Workers contracted by BP clean up oil on a beach in Port Fourchon, Louisiana, 23 May 2010

1676:

A worker cleans up oily waste on Elmer's Island just west of Grand Isle, La., 21 May 2010

1612:

could have long-term effects because oil could remain in the food chain for generations.

1511: 1449: 1320: 1221: 1116: 802: 567: 549: 14055: 14014: 13961: 12357: 12289: 12012: 10362: 9780:"Bryan Walsh. (1 May 2010). Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill: No End in Sight for Eco-Disaster. 8403: 8138: 8078: 7294: 7227: 6032: 5730:"Coast Guard says oil sheen 16 miles northeast of BP well too dispersed to be recovered" 4913: 4670: 4600: 1790: 15266: 14751: 14499: 14231: 14220: 13946:"Monitoring and Modeling the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: A Record-Breaking Enterprise" 13805:"Audience Suggestion Box: Jimmy Fallon & Florence Welch Sing "Balls In Your Mouth"" 12713: 12420: 11853: 11825: 11799: 11547: 11062: 10673: 10157: 9937: 9620: 9146: 9120: 9094: 9063: 9050: 9020: 8931: 8606:"How You Can Help Wildlife Impacted by the BP Oil Spill – National Wildlife Federation" 8422: 8387: 8160: 8097: 8060: 7896: 7875: 7643: 7313: 7187: 7175: 7037: 5981: 5879: 5851: 5351: 5310: 5218: 5095: 5062: 4941: 4814: 4013: 3908: 3624: 3561: 3370:"Oil from BP spill pushed onto shelf off Tampa Bay by underwater currents, study finds" 3231: 3085: 2880: 2862: 2724: 2616: 2397: 2379:, $ 1.15 billion to the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund, $ 350 million to the 2218: 2080: 1038: 813: 773: 595: 575: 433: 70: 13390: 11161: 9599:"Impact of the Deepwater Horizon well blowout on the economics of U.S. Gulf fisheries" 7526: 7466:

Riki Ott: Bio-Remediation or Bio-Hazard? Dispersants, Bacteria and Illness in the Gulf

1838: 421:

oil spill is regarded as one of the largest environmental disasters in world history.

15584: 15539: 15326: 15289: 15250: 14878: 14780: 14545: 14314: 14164: 14067: 14026: 13973: 13207:"Pretty Slick: The BP Deepwater Horizon Exposed – Updated and Expanded Directors Cut" 13048: 12970: 12875: 11443: 10669: 9068: 9042: 8910:

Spike In Dolphin Deaths Directly Tied To Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Researchers Say

8427: 8102: 7897:

Shirley, Thomas C.; John W. Tunnell Jr.; Fabio Moretzsohn; Jorge Brenner (May 2010).

7318: 7239: 7179: 7167: 7157: 7079: 6044: 6019: 5546: 5453:"BP: Blowout preventer that failed to stop Gulf of Mexico oil leak removed from well" 4945: 4933: 4925: 4695: 4630: 4622: 4263: 4088: 3962: 3807: 3761: 3589: 3476: 3080: 2815: 2734: 2335: 2177: 1977: 1617: 1532:

mortality assessments, over one million coastal birds died as a direct result of the

1458: 1230: 882: 870: 862: 540: 534: 445: 402: 232: 50: 14022: 9624: 8896:"Dispersant Used to Clean Deepwater Horizon Spill More Toxic to Corals Than the Oil" 8311:"Deepwater Horizon spill threatens more species than legally protected, study finds" 8164: 7678:"It's BP's Oil': Running the Corporate Blockade at Louisiana's Crude-Covered Beaches 6321:"Matter of Trust creates hair-and-nylon booms to help clean up BP oil spill in Gulf" 4608: 2375:

on 31 January 2013. The settlement includes payments of $ 2.394 billion to the

1131:

wrote in an open letter to the EPA that Corexit use continued after that date and a

849:

oil spill. At this stage, there were 2 remaining oil leaks from the fallen pipeline.

15573: 15256: 15081: 14838: 14826: 14746: 14726: 14667: 14086: 14059: 14018: 13965: 13108:"Vanishing Pearls: The Oystermen of Pointe a la Hache Official Trailer 1 (2014) HD" 12893: 12367: 12299: 11739: 11123: 10560:"Executive Order 13547 --Stewardship of the Ocean, Our Coasts, and the Great Lakes" 10393: 10173:"Statement by the President on the Economy and the Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico" 9610: 9058: 9034: 8957: 8417: 8407: 8150: 8142: 8092: 8082: 7308: 7298: 7231: 7149: 6036: 5228: 5105: 5072: 4917: 4842: 4674: 4612: 4604: 3150: 2890: 2348: 2273: 2259: 2021: 1549: 1396: 1274: 878: 858: 571: 564: 394: 66: 14258: 11088: 10064: 7764: 7665: 4981: 4226:"The Cover Up: E-mails Show BP Lied to Authorities on The Deepwater Horizon Spill" 4061: 2650:, is a fictional story of a politician and his family set in the aftermath of the 1462:, found that the toxins from oil spills can cause irregular heartbeats leading to 1404:

The spill area hosts 8,332 species, including more than 1,270 fish, 604

1237:, the oil was too dispersed to collect, according to a spokesperson for shipowner 1098:

used and for application methods that were "purely experimental." Altogether, 1.84

1071: 15336: 14710: 14705: 14700: 14372: 14344: 14253: 14239:

ScientificAmerican.com 2015-04020 BP Gulf Oil Spill: 5 Years Later Indepth Report

14198: 14155: 14116: 14063: 13471: 13158: 13093: 12516: 12442:

Fisk, Margaret Cronin; Calkins, Lauren Brubaker; Feeley, Jef (4 September 2014).

11988: 11622:

http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/10/21/2465881/following-complaints-from-gulf.html

9631: 9202: 8818: 8087: 7785: 7752: 7489: 7235: 6772: 6748:"In Standoff With Environmental Officials, BP Stays With an Oil Spill Dispersant" 6446:"Dispersant 'may make Deepwater Horizon oil spill more toxic' | Environment" 6263: 6249: 6040: 4151: 2741: 2605:, Hal Weiner follows scientists investigating the oil spill's effect on the Gulf. 2583: 2388: 2208: 2027:

In July 2010, President Obama issued an executive order, specifically citing the

1895: 1182: 1151: 1095: 753: 13891: 13301: 11571:"BP Class-Action Settlement Exceeds $ 1 Billion in Payments Over Gulf Oil Spill" 7899:"Biodiversity of the Gulf of Mexico: Applications to the Deep Horizon oil spill" 5959: 3782:"Transocean :: Deepwater Horizon Drills World's Deepest Oil & Gas Well" 1810: 1643:

On 12 April 2016, a research team reported that 88 percent of about 360 baby or

959: 15121: 14186: 14147:

Science in a Time of Crisis: WHOI's response to the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

14120: 13927: 13865:"City and Colour Remembers BP Oil Spill with New Charity Track | Exclaim!" 13127:"Slamdance Film Review: 'Vanishing Pearls: The Oystermen of Pointe a la Hache'" 12620: 12328: 11736:"BP £24bn lawsuits claim contractors failed to use modelling software properly" 11712: 11478: 11005: 10177: 9885: 9172: 7282:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

6132: 5847:"Source of new oil sheen near Deepwater Horizon site has been plugged, BP says" 3289:

National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling

2713: 2502: 2368: 2285: 1463: 1253: 1055: 907: 886: 845:

Concept diagram of underwater oil containment domes originally planned for the

631:

Supply boats continued to battle the fire, viewed from a Coast Guard helicopter

579: 465: 437: 386: 74: 14382: 14377: 14329: 14324: 14156:"Approaches for Ecosystem Services Valuation for the Gulf of Mexico After the 13878: 13814: 13776: 13702: 13449: 13176: 13111: 13021: 12954: 12797: 11317:"BP, Transocean, Halliburton blamed by presidential Gulf oil spill commission" 8123:"Oil from Deepwater Horizon disaster entered food chain in the Gulf of Mexico" 7060:

BP oil spill: Kevin Costner's oil-water separation machines help with clean-up

4647: 4118: 3907:

Brenner, Noah; Guegel, Anthony; Hwee Hwee, Tan; Pitt, Anthea (22 April 2010).

3440:"Fish Embryos Exposed to Oil From BP Spill Develop Deformities, a Study Finds" 2919: 1420:(PAHs) than before the spill. PAHs are often linked to oil spills and include 1304:, which meant that BP had operational authority in coordinating the response. 216: 15688: 15558: 15418: 15392: 15209: 15170: 14644: 14378:

CSB produced blowout animation and technical explanation of cause of disaster

14359: 13721: 11447: 9404:"Investigation: Two Years After the BP Spill, A Hidden Health Crisis Festers" 9046: 6387:"Chemicals Meant To Break Up BP Oil Spill Present New Environmental Concerns" 5255: 4929: 4626: 4267: 2856: 2705: 2697: 2668: 2050: 1911: 1884: 1487: 1310:

During the spill response operations, at the request of the Coast Guard, the

980: 765: 382: 102: 89: 14165:

CDC – Oil Spill Response Resources – NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic

10445:"API response to commission report: "We've made progress to improve safety"" 8639:"BP Oil Spill: Dolphins Plagued By Death, Disease Years After Rig Explosion" 8412: 7442:"Slick Solution: How Microbes Will Clean Up the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill" 7303: 6826:"BP oil spill: Obama administration's scientists admit alarm over chemicals" 6197:"BP spill response plans severely flawed | MNN – Mother Nature Network" 5875:"BP Macondo well, Deepwater Horizon wreckage videos released by Coast Guard" 703: 15623: 15563: 15397: 15382: 14864: 14756: 14634: 14629: 14226: 14071: 14030: 12592: 12467:"BP set to pay largest environmental fine in US history for Gulf oil spill" 11472:

Independent Evaluation of the Gulf Coast Claims Facility. Executive Summary

10503: 9072: 8952: 8769:"Three Years After the BP Spill, Tar Balls and Oil Sheen Blight Gulf Coast" 8431: 8106: 7322: 7243: 7171: 7064: 6830: 6504: 6048: 5013: 4937: 4719: 4634: 4009:"Rescued oil rig explosion workers arrive to meet families at Kenner hotel" 3198: 2754: 2720: 2709: 2701: 2689: 2647: 2643: 2443: 2344: 2063: 2058: 2054:

President Obama's criticism was far outweighing the direct clean-up costs.

1847: 1441: 1163: 1124: 1112: 1015: 841: 647: 587: 552: 501: 497: 485: 19:

This article is about the oil spill itself. For the initial explosion, see

13944:

Liu, Yonggang; MacFadyen, Amy; Ji, Zhen-Gang; Weisberg, Robert H. (2011).

12846:"'The Great Invisible' Views An Environmental Catastrophe From Many Sides" 10724:"BP Buys 'Oil' Search Terms to Redirect Users to Official Company Website" 10695: 10419:"Oil spill commission, lobbying group at odds over industry's credibility" 10237: 9680: 8795:"Mystery 'oil sheen' grows near site of BP Gulf disaster, says researcher" 8019: 6952: 6879: 5936:"Mystery 'oil sheen' grows near site of BP Gulf disaster, says researcher" 4554: 1809:

Local officials in Louisiana expressed concern that the offshore drilling

711: 496:

settled federal criminal charges, with BP pleading guilty to 11 counts of

452:, where scientists said the oil and dispersant mixture is embedded in the 15754: 15663: 15645: 15578: 15357: 15226: 15139: 15074: 14695: 14672: 14530: 13952:. Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series. 12819: 11114:

Weber, Harry R.; Kunzelman, Michael; Cappiello, Dina (8 September 2010).

9965:"Back to Work Coalition Established to Address Federal Permitting Issues" 9038: 8146: 7120:. Deep Water Horizon Unified Command Agency. 28 June 2010. Archived from 4897: 4679: 4650:"Simulations of underwater plumes of dissolved oil in the Gulf of Mexico" 4617: 2795: 2788: 2767: 2327: 2188: 2169: 1982: 1709: 1541: 1510:. Signs of an oil-and-dispersant mix were found under the shells of tiny 1507: 1300:

On 18 May 2010, BP was designated the lead "Responsible Party" under the

926: 781: 737: 481: 14146: 13629:"Nicolas Cage Gets Serious About the BP Oil Spill In The Runner Trailer" 13496: 13446:"Meet David Murphy: The Next Generation of Scientists (Gulf Dispatches)" 13220: 13042: 12869: 12779: 12756: 12735: 12681: 12679: 10355:"More than a thousand people attend rally against BP and the government" 9507: 9428:

International, Living on Earth / World Media Foundation / Public Radio.

9054: 7746:

Transcript: Media Encounter Access Problems While Covering The Oil Spill

5705:"Coast Guard, BP investigating reports of oil at Deepwater Horizon site" 885:

crystals that blocked the opening at the top of the dome. Pumping heavy

15528: 15367: 14927: 14857: 14690: 14624: 14540: 13191: 12444:"'Worst Case' BP Ruling on Gulf Spill Means Billions More in Penalties" 11211:"Deep Water: The Gulf Oil Disaster and the Future of Offshore Drilling" 10830:"Why we disrupted Tony Hayward's award at the University of Birmingham" 4555:

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Recent Activities and Ongoing Developments

2810: 2664: 2192: 2123: 2068: 2009: 1803: 1685: 1644: 1503: 1499: 1421: 1413: 1405: 1358: 1120: 1042:

only in relatively calm and slow-moving waters. Including one-time use

992: 948: 560: 477: 425: 405:, also in the Gulf of Mexico. Caused in the aftermath of a blowout and 160: 14349: 11150:

Transocean, Halliburton blast BP report on cause of blowout, oil spill

10858:(Press release). Scotland: Friends of the Earth Scotland. 12 July 2013 9615: 9598: 8155: 7481:

Marisa Taylor and Renee Schoof for McClatchy Newspapers, 18 May 2010.

5744:"Sheen at Deepwater Horizon disaster site is BP oil, Coast Guard says" 5404: 5036: 4921: 3855:"BP confirms that Transocean Ltd issued the following statement today" 1786:

Map of the area where fishing was affected because of the BP oil spill

1030: 695: 15116: 14350:

BBC News – interactive animation to the disaster and blocking efforts

14169: 12676: 8465:"Submarine Dive Finds Oil, Dead Sea Life at Bottom of Gulf of Mexico" 8248:"Eyeless shrimp and mutant fish raise concerns over BP spill effects" 7874:. Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies. Archived from 7797: 7428:

The microbes did a spectacular job of eating a lot of the natural gas

7118:"Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Response: Current Operations as of June 28" 7105:"BP 'Excited' Over Kevin Costner's Oil Cleanup Machine, Purchases 32" 3831: 3145: 1987: 1778:

Economic and political consequences of the Deepwater Horizon disaster

1665:

By June 2010, 143 spill-exposure cases had been reported to the

1471: 898: 591: 461: 449: 441: 398: 13983: 13094:"Vanishing Pearls: The Oystermen of Pointe a la Hache (2014) – IMDb" 12948: 12617:"BP Managers Plead Not Guilty to Deepwater Horizon Criminal Charges" 9246:"BP Reportedly Preventing Clean-Up Workers From Wearing Respirators" 8592:"Restoring A Degraded Gulf of Mexico – National Wildlife Federation" 7143: 7033:"Giant oil skimmer 'A Whale' deemed a bust for Gulf of Mexico spill" 6880:"22-mile-long oily plume mapped near BP site – Disaster in the Gulf" 5426:

Achenbach, Joel; Mufson, Steven; Branigin, William (5 August 2010).

4585:"Environmental effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: A review" 3938:. Southern California Public Radio. Associated Press. Archived from 3613:"BP suspended from new US federal contracts over Deepwater disaster" 3411:"Toxins released by oil spills send fish hearts into cardiac arrest" 436:, controlled burns and 1,840,000 US gal (7,000 m) of 179:

4.9 MMbbl (210,000,000 U.S. gal; 780,000 m) ±10%

15518: 15160: 15013: 14325:

Underwater Video Examines Multiple Leak Points Causing BP Oil Spill

12264:"BP to begin presenting its defense Monday in Gulf oil spill trial" 12119:"Halliburton Pleads Guilty to Destroying Evidence After Gulf Spill" 10879:"University defends degree for Deepwater Horizon boss Tony Hayward" 10389: 8981:. Louisiana Department of Health & Hospitals(DHH). 14 June 2010 8234:"BP oil spill: The 'horribly mutated' creatures living in the Gulf" 8065: 7153: 5960:

Suzanne Goldenberg, US environment correspondent (19 August 2010).

5907: 5823: 5795: 4879:"BP Pulls Out of Gulf Cleanup, Leaving Unanswered Questions Behind" 4773:"Scientists call new gulf spill report 'ludicrous' – Oneindia News" 2808:

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is referenced in a 2010 episode of

2184:, had a hydraulic leak and a failed battery, and therefore failed. 1941:

In March 2014, BP was again allowed to bid for oil and gas leases.

1733: 1713: 1688:

in June 2010 in response to these reports. The study is run by the

1631: 1563: 1553: 1409: 1366: 1332: 1171: 1128: 890: 733: 707:

Burning and skimming operations in the Gulf of Mexico; 10 June 2010

137: 14135: 14091:"Critical Lessons from the Federal Response to the Gulf Oil Spill" 13969: 13699:"Black Water (BP Version) – Gulf Oil Spill Doobie Brothers Parody" 13391:"Dispatches from the Gulf – Screenscope – Journey to Planet Earth" 10617:"Deepwater Horizon disaster altered building blocks of ocean life" 10037:"Citing BP oil spill, Schwarzenegger drops offshore drilling plan" 9298:"Petition Urges Obama Admin to Protect Gulf Spill Cleanup Workers" 3473:"Deepwater Horizon Joint Investigation Team Releases Final Report" 2522:

featured the accident in an episode titled "The Deepwater Horizon"

2373:

United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana

2347:

to approve the settlement, saying its actions "did not constitute

1990:

accused President Obama of being anti-business and "un-American".

1865:

United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana

1034:

Oil containment boom used in an attempt to protect barrier islands

995:

and was not large enough to pose an immediate threat to wildlife.

15523: 15503: 15165: 15155: 15131: 14871: 13809: 13781: 12920:"'The Great Invisible' Wins Full Frame's Best Environmental Film" 11984:"U.S. bans BP from new government contracts after oil spill deal" 11703: 11701: 11148:

Mark Clayton for the Christian Science Monitor. 8 September 2010

10905:"Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: International Offers of Assistance" 10328: 10302: 10121:"Party-line vote ends Florida's oil drilling ban special session" 9234:

National Institute for Occupation Safety and Health, August 2011.

8513:. Reefrelieffounders.com (30 March 2011). Retrieved 7 April 2011. 6604:"In Gulf oil spill, how helpful – or damaging – are dispersants?" 3610: 3499:"BP Mostly, But Not Entirely, to Blame for Gulf Spill – National" 2823: 2682: 2587: 1593: 1519: 1515: 1495: 1482: 1434: 1426: 1354: 1265: 1234: 1092: 1076: 1043: 998: 745: 741: 643: 457: 429: 14271: 11676:"Lloyd's syndicates launch legal action over BP insurance claim" 11405:"Gulf oil spill report: BP ultimately responsible in Gulf spill" 9488:"2016 Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill and Ecosystem Science Conference" 9430:"Living on Earth: Research Update on the Impact of BP Oil Spill" 8862: 8446:"BP oil spill seriously harmed deep-sea corals, scientists warn" 8061:"Dispersed Oil Disrupts Microbial Pathways in Pelagic Food Webs" 7639:"Limits on access to oiled waters, coast frustrates journalists" 7345:"Bacteria in the gulf mostly digested gas, not oil, study finds" 6476:"Government defends BP's use of dispersants, but worries linger" 6276:"EPA slams Jindal's sand berm plan | wwltv.com New Orleans" 4713:

Bolsatd, Erika; Schoof, Renee; Talev, Margaret (5 August 2010).

3990:"The 11 Workers Who Died During The Deepwater Horizon Explosion" 1603:

Heavy oiling of Bay Jimmy, Plaquemines Parish; 15 September 2010

805:, where it risks damage to ecosystems and commercial fisheries. 468:

might have been widespread in animal life exposed to the spill.

15243: 15177: 15111: 13141:"Review: 'Vanishing Pearls' shows fallout after Gulf disasters" 9822: 9485:

Conferences on this theme occurred at least in 2016 and 2017.

9352:"Coast Guard Photos Show Spill Workers Without Protective Gear" 8979:"Louisiana DHH Releases Oil Spill-Related Exposure Information" 8361:"Gulf Oil Spill: Coral Death 'Definitively' Linked To BP Spill" 5445: 3739:"Deepwater Horizon oil spill settlements: Where the money went" 3707: 3705: 2564:

Vanishing Pearls: The Oystermen of Pointe a la Hache, Louisiana

1968:

On 30 April, President Obama dispatched the Secretaries of the

1430: 1264:

Dispersants are said to facilitate the digestion of the oil by

1211: 603: 14345:

Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Interactive: Smithsonian Ocean Portal

14160:

Oil Spill: Interim Report by the National Academy of Sciences"

12615:

Cronin Fisk, Margaret; Johnson, Allen Jr. (28 November 2012).

11698: 10856:"Honorary degree for ex-BP Gulf of Mexico boss is a sick joke" 9232:

Health Hazard Evaluation of Deepwater Horizon Response Workers

7826: 6675:. Environmental Protection Agency. 20 May 2010. Archived from 6646:. Environmental Protection Agency. 13 May 2010. Archived from 6505:(Photo credit Jerry Moran\Native Orleanian) (31 August 2010). 6312: 5467: 4490:"Massive stretches of weathered oil spotted in Gulf of Mexico" 4087:

Krauss, Clifford; Broder, John; Calmes, Jackie (30 May 2010).

2955:(Report). Office of the Maritime Administrator. 17 August 2011 2750:. The song is about the event and the greed of those involved. 2071:, who is an American citizen and previously worked for Amoco. 1479:

reported that the BP statement was contradicted by the study.

1374: 15488: 15331: 15198: 14850: 14318: 14274:

interactive map and form for citizen reporting (SkyTruth.org)

12645:"Halliburton manager gets 1 year probation in Gulf oil spill" 11849:"Federal judge approves BP Gulf oil spill medical settlement" 11511:"Gulf residents to get extra $ 64M for 2010 oil spill claims" 10562:. The White House Office of the Press Secretary. 19 July 2010 10170: 8948:"Hundreds of baby dolphin deaths tied to BP's Gulf oil spill" 8736:"Tropical Storm Lee surge reveals tar mats on Fourchon Beach" 8566:"Gulf Dolphins Exposed to Oil Are Seriously Ill, Agency Says" 7386:"Oil-eating microbes may not be all they're cracked up to be" 6626:"Gulf oil spill: Has BP 'turned corner' with siphon success?" 5552: 3758:

Fire on the horizon the untold story of the Gulf oil disaster

2136:

Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement

2046: 2042: 1249: 1207: 914: 726:

4.9 MMbbl (210,000,000 US gal; 780,000 m)

691:

oil spill approaches the coast of Mobile, Alabama, 6 May 2010

13322: 12562:"First Criminal Charges Filed in Deepwater Horizon Accident" 12237:"Halliburton to pay around $ 1.1 bn for US oil spill claims" 12176:"The ideas that underly BP's cert petition don't make sense" 11894:"BP appeal to stop 'fictitious' U.S. oil spill claims fails" 11875:"BP, plaintiffs reach billion dollar deal in Gulf oil spill" 11709:"BP, Transocean Lawsuits Surge as Oil Spill Spreads in Gulf" 10958:"Jones Act: Maritime politics strain Gulf oil spill cleanup" 10001: 9882:"New Offshore Oil Drilling Must Have Safeguards, Obama Says" 9378:"What BP Doesn't Want You to Know About the 2010 Gulf Spill" 9218:"Health of Exxon Valdez cleanup workers was never studied", 7933:. Oregon State University. 30 September 2010. Archived from 6729:"BP Used Much Dispersant Despite E.P.A. Directive of Rarely" 6372:"Oil dispersants used in Gulf of Mexico spill causing alarm" 5094:

Brenner, Noah; Guegel, Anthony; Pitt, Anthea (15 May 2010).

5007:

Bolstad, Erika; Clark, Lesley; Chang, Daniel (14 May 2010).

3702: 3349:"For BP Cleanup, 2013 Meant 4.6 Million Pounds Of Oily Gunk" 3021:"BP / Gulf Oil Spill – 68,000 Square Miles of Direct Impact" 2396:

and $ 150 million to the National Academy of Sciences.

15508: 15203: 15193: 14203: 13749:"Russell Crowe and Jimmy Fallon sing 'Balls in Your Mouth'" 13680: 12588:"BP to pay $ 4.5bn penalty over Deepwater Horizon disaster" 12539:"Feds File First Criminal Charges Related to BP Gulf Spill" 11341: 11339: 11337: 11022: 10358: 10194: 6902: 6670:"Dispersant Monitoring and Assessment Directive – Addendum" 5758:"Coast Guard Says Sheen Near Macondo Matches 2010 BP Spill" 5184: 4865:"40,000-Pound Tar Mat Reminds Us the Oil Spill is Not Over" 4553:

Ramseur, Jonathan L.; Hagerty, Curry L. (31 January 2013).

3023:(Press release). SkyTruth.org. 27 July 2010. Archived from 2819: 1906:

withdrew his support for a proposed plan to allow expanded

1802:

The spill had a strong economic impact to BP and also the

1757: 453: 12421:"BP found "grossly negligent' in Gulf of Mexico oil spill" 12207:"BP's Appeal Fails to Interest Supreme Court, Cert Denied" 8657: 7603:"Is BP Stopping Journalists from Observing the Oil Slick?" 6935:"Chemical Dispersant Made BP Oilspill 52 Times More Toxic" 5679: 3906: 3712:

Robertson, Campbell; Krauss, Clifford (4 September 2014).

2986:

On Scene Coordinator Report on Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

2886:

Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico (United States)

2590:, where all the oil went, as a follow-up to the pre-spill 2086:

In July 2013, Hayward was awarded an honorary degree from

187:

2,500 to 68,000 sq mi (6,500 to 176,100 km)

13842: 13071: 12639: 12637: 12016: 11877: 11162:"Gulf oil spill: President's panel says firms complacent" 11089:"Deepwater Horizon blowout preventer 'faulty' – Congress" 10265:"Barack Obama's attacks on BP hurting British pensioners" 8927:

Study Links Dolphin Deaths to Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

8525:"Spike Reported in Number of Stillborn Dolphins on Coast" 8216:"Gulf's dolphins pay heavy price for Deepwater oil spill" 7868:"The BP Spill's Growing Toll on the Sea Life of the Gulf" 6855:"Gulf oil spill: Effects of dispersants remain a mystery" 6286: 5428:"BP begins pumping cement in next stage of 'static kill'" 4439:"Oil in Lake Pontchartrain stokes worries in New Orleans" 3827:"At least 11 workers missing after La. oil rig explosion" 3585:"BP pleads guilty to manslaughter in 2010 gulf oil spill" 3054: 2744:

released a song titled "At the Bird's Foot" on his album

2620: 1215: 940: 658:

or helicopter, 17 of whom were treated for injuries. The

432:

from the spreading oil utilizing skimmer ships, floating

358: 12949:

DP/30: The Oral History Of Hollywood (30 October 2014).

12586:

Goldenberg, Suzanne; Rushe, Dominic (15 November 2012).

12391:"U.S. Justice, Gulf states crafting BP spill settlement" 11923:"DOJ accuses BP of 'gross negligence' in Gulf oil spill" 11403:

Weber, Dina Cappiello and Harry R. (14 September 2011).

11334: 11253:"BP and firms made risky decisions before spill: report" 10750:"BP buys 'oil spill' sponsored links for search engines" 10471:"Oil and gas industry creates offshore safety institute" 10065:"California's Schwarzenegger turns against oil drilling" 8870:"Tuna study reveals how pollution causes heart problems" 8119: 8058: 4465:"New wave of oil comes ashore west of Mississippi River" 4176:"New Estimate Puts Gulf Oil Leak at 205 Million Gallons" 2757:

wrote a song titled "Deep Water Horizon" on their album

1314:(FAA) implemented a 900 sq mi (2,300 km) 812:

It was first thought that oil had not reached as far as

15097: 14616: 14504: 12325:"BP, Transocean Accused of 'Reckless' Actions in Spill" 11982:

Rampton, Roberta; Gardner, Timothy (28 November 2012).

11657:"Judge Rules Against BP Over Settlement Payout Request" 11113: 10981:(Press release). US department of Interior. 11 May 2010 10299:"Memorial Day protest of BP held at Clearwater station" 10143: 9640:"BP costs for oil spill response pass $ 3 billion" 5903:"Unknown substance leaking from Deepwater Horizon site" 5425: 5009:"Engineers work to place siphon tube at oil spill site" 4582: 4316:"BP has another setback as oil slick threatens Florida" 3081:"Gulf Spill Is the Largest of Its Kind, Scientists Say" 3079:

Robertson, Campbell; Krauss, Clifford (2 August 2010).

1392:

Environmental impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

473: 390: 226: 164: 12634: 12512:"Kurt Mix, BP Engineer, Faces First Oil Spill Charges" 11631: 11629: 11176: 8274:"Gulf seafood deformities alarm scientists – Features" 7209:"An Audacious Decision in Crisis Gets Cautious Praise" 6953:"Dispersant makes oil from spills 52 times more toxic" 6161:

Containment boom effort comes up short in BP oil spill

5477:. Fox News Channel. Associated Press. 4 September 2010 5455:. Fox News Channel. Associated Press. 3 September 2010 5127:"Update on Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Response – May 24" 4982:"US oil spill 'threatens way of life', governor warns" 4895: 4517:"BP Oil Still Ashore One Year After End of Gulf Spill" 3812:

RIGZONE Industry News, Stories, Analysis and Editorial

3714:"BP May Be Fined Up to $ 18 Billion for Spill in Gulf" 3501:. The Atlantic Wire. 14 September 2011. Archived from 3404: 3402: 2950:

Deepwater Horizon Marine Casualty Investigation Report

1661:

Health consequences of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

699:

Oil-stained beaches in Pensacola, Florida; 1 July 2010

15066: 13717:"Eddie Vedder and Jimmy Fallon 'Balls in Your Mouth'" 13272:"New Film Focuses on the Demise of Louisiana's Coast" 12229: 11310: 11308: 11246: 11244: 11242: 11240: 11238: 10262:

Armitstead, Louise; Butterworth, Myra (9 June 2010).

10261: 9704:"Despite BP oil spill, Louisiana still loves Big Oil" 8692:"Tar Balls from BP Oil Spill Wash Up on Gulf Beaches" 8631: 7483:

BP withholds oil spill facts — and government lets it

6063:"Tar Balls from BP Oil Spill Wash Up on Gulf Beaches" 3555:

Krauss, Clifford; Schwartz, John (15 November 2012).

2770:

and Lorre Wyatt released the music video and single "

1749:

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

1241:. In mid-June 2010, BP ordered 32 machines that 1186:

Oil skimming vessels (distance) in the Gulf of Mexico

14187:

Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP)

12435: 12323:

Feeley, Jef; Johnson, Allen Jr. (26 February 2013).

11888: 11886: 10643:"BP Boss Admits Job on the Line over Gulf oil spill" 10209:"Full text of President Obama's BP Oil Spill speech" 10007: 9681:"Time to scrap BP brand? Gas-station owners divided" 9662:"Smaller BP's profits down as oil spill trial looms" 9002:"Is This Oil Spill Solution Worse Than The Problem?" 8831:"AP: BP oil not degrading on Gulf floor, study says" 8812:

Gulf of Mexico, since the BP Oil Spill of 2010 April

7989:"BP: Mile-long tube sucking oil away from Gulf well" 7383: 7103:

Clarke, Sanchez, Bonfiles, Escobedo (15 June 2010).

6803:"Dispersants flow into Gulf in 'science experiment'" 6012:"A Lot of Oil on the Loose, Not So Much to Be Found" 5518:

Mufson, Steven; Hilzenrath, David S. (31 May 2010).

4694:

Gillis, Justin; Robertson, Campbell (28 July 2010).

3652:"BP Deepwater Horizon costs balloon to $ 65 billion" 3433: 3431: 3389:"Record Dolphin, Sea Turtle Deaths Since Gulf Spill" 3194:"Blown-out BP well finally killed at bottom of Gulf" 2838: 2696:, created a protest song about how there were still 2174:

United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce

1894:

of Canada, which regulates offshore drilling in the

1747:

Two years after the spill, a study initiated by the

1063:

technique dating back to the Exxon Valdez disaster.

672:

Volume and extent of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

13302:"After the Spill: Louisiana Water Stories, Part II" 13015: 12660: 12658: 12318: 12316: 11795:"Accord Reached Settling Lawsuit Over BP Oil Spill" 11626: 11346:Cappiello, Dina; Weber, Harry R. (5 January 2011). 11281: 11279: 11277: 11275: 11273: 10803:"Bob Dudley: Profile of the new BP chief executive" 9845:"Potential Impact of the Gulf Oil Spill on Tourism" 9196:

Experts: Health Hazards in Gulf Warrant Evacuations

9160: 9084: 9082: 7963:"U.S. oil spill waters contain carcinogens: report" 7271: 7145:

The Use of Dispersants in Marine Oil Spill Response

6745: 5251:"Robots begin work to remove cap from gushing well" 5037:"'Top kill' BP operation to half US oil leak fails" 4437:Mui, Ylan Q.; Fahrenthold, David A. (7 July 2010). 4089:"White House Struggles as Criticism on Leak Mounts" 4062:"US military joins Gulf of Mexico oil spill effort" 3399: 2305: 2012:, presumably associating BP with the United Kingdom 1690:

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

861:under construction in Port Fourchon, Louisiana, at 381:which began on 20 April 2010, off the coast of the 14362:diagrams on the methods used to stop the oil spill 14040:"BP Research Dollars Yield Signs of Cautious Hope" 12614: 12352: 12350: 12038: 11765:"BP begins to put spill behind it with settlement" 11538:"Judge hears details of Gulf oil spill settlement" 11305: 11235: 10527: 10263: 10090:"Fla. governor calls special oil drilling session" 9932: 9930: 9928: 9603:Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 9324:"OSHA Says Cleanup Workers Don't Need Respirators" 8760: 8384: 8330:"Deep sea fish named in world top ten new species" 7734:As oil spread, did BP battle to contain the media? 7596: 7594: 7379: 7377: 6443: 5613:"Oil in new Gulf slick matches that of 2010 spill" 5334:"Relief wells and Subsea containment illustration" 5181:"Oil stains beaches and tourists as slick spreads" 4712: 4375:McConnaughey, Janet; Stacy, Mitch (27 June 2010). 4289:"Response To Oil on Gulf Island Beaches Continues" 4086: 3857:(Press release). BP. 21 April 2010. Archived from 3682: 3141:"Obama, in Gulf, pledges to push on stopping leak" 3107: 2774:", which they recorded and filmed live aboard the 1636:links the sharp increase in dolphin deaths to the 1582:(NWF) reports that sea turtles, mostly endangered 819: 715:Thick oil washes ashore in Louisiana; 10 June 2010 13598:"The Movie BP (Probably) Doesn't Want You To See" 13018:"The Great Invisible (Post-Screening Discussion)" 12531: 12503: 12441: 11883: 11288:"Blunders Abounded Before Gulf Spill, Panel Says" 11202: 10774:Macalister, Terry; Wray, Richard (26 July 2010). 10325:"Protest held near BP gas station in Bloomington" 10149: 9494:"2017 Oil Spill and Ecosystem Science Conference" 8852:"Study: "Dirty bathtub" buried oil from BP spill" 7689: 7687: 7685: 7517: 7515: 7513: 7511: 7509: 6555:"Corexit: Deadly Dispersant in Oil Spill Cleanup" 5219:"Hayward says spill 'never should have happened'" 5212: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5154:"Gulf awaits word on latest bid to plug oil leak" 5093: 5006: 4374: 3981: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3428: 3364: 3362: 3342: 3340: 3172:"Memorial service honors 11 dead oil rig workers" 3132: 1377:also helped to rescue the remaining marine life. 1202:From April to mid-July 2010, 411 controlled 954: 665: 590:is found roughly 41 mi (66 km) off the 525: 15686: 12655: 12608: 12313: 11667: 11270: 11055: 11037:"Attorney General Eric Holder on Gulf Oil Spill" 9984:"Obama Ends Ban On East Coast Offshore Drilling" 9880:Johnston, Nicholas; Nichols, Hans (1 May 2010). 9873: 9108: 9079: 8663: 8178: 8020:"Oil spill full of methane, adding new concerns" 7080:"Advances in Oil Spill Cleanup Lag Since Valdez" 7071: 6423:"DISPERANTS: Chemicals BP used may cause cancer" 5819:"Oil may be seeping from Deepwater Horizon site" 5517: 5151: 5129:(Press release). BP. 24 May 2010. Archived from 4147:"BP Seeks Gulf Oil Spill Size Ruling From Judge" 3954: 3475:(Press release). U.S. Government. Archived from 3253:"Rocky Kistner: The Macondo Monkey on BP's Back" 3109:"BP leak the world's worst accidental oil spill" 2102: 1828:2010 United States deepwater drilling moratorium 1440:A 2014 study of the effects of the oil spill on 877:. Next, it placed a 125-tonne (280,000 lb) 869:First, BP unsuccessfully attempted to close the 764:, its first appearance in Mississippi. In July, 14412: 14130:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 13705:on 28 October 2021 – via www.youtube.com. 13179:on 28 October 2021 – via www.youtube.com. 13114:on 28 October 2021 – via www.youtube.com. 12585: 12579: 12347: 12281: 12030: 11814: 11378:"DNV report on Deepwater Horizon BOP concluded" 11063:"Anadarko and Mitsui executives set to testify" 10490: 10469:Fowler, Tom; Dlouhy, Jennifer (17 March 2011). 10171:Office of the Press Secretary (30 April 2010). 10096:. Associated Press. 8 July 2010. Archived from 10034: 9925: 9879: 9134: 8844: 8463:Gutman, Matt; Netter, Sarah (3 December 2010). 7987:Collins, Jeffrey; Dearen, Jason (16 May 2010). 7777:PR Newser, 20 May 2010, Crisis Communications, 7591: 7433: 7404: 7374: 6474:Bolstad, Erika; Clark, Lesley (2 August 2010). 6243: 6170: 5927: 5576:"No end in sight for oil in the Gulf of Mexico" 5298: 5179:Nelson, Melissa; Mohr, Holbrook (5 June 2010). 4896:Paul, John H.; Hollander, David; Coble, Paula; 4693: 4687: 4247:Norse, Elliott A.; Amos, John (November 2010). 3934:Schwartz, Naoki; Weber, Harry R. (1 May 2010). 3711: 3557:"BP Will Plead Guilty and Pay Over $ 4 Billion" 3078: 3015: 3013: 2924:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2481:David Rainey and Robert Kaluza were acquitted. 2216: 2057:Initially, BP downplayed the incident; its CEO 1716:, a marine toxicologist with experience of the 1627:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1468:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 1446:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1225:Workers cleaning a beach affected by the spill. 826:Efforts to stem the Deepwater Horizon oil spill 407:explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil platform 14204:State of Florida Oil Spill Academic Task Force 12382: 12067:"BP Will Pay $ 4.5B in Plea Deal over Macondo" 11981: 11929: 11635: 11505: 11503: 11380:(Press release). 23 March 2011. Archived from 11345: 10932:"U.S. not accepting foreign help on oil spill" 10773: 10721: 10670:"Another Torrent BP Works to Stem: Its C.E.O." 10668:Mouawad, Jad; Krauss, Clifford (3 June 2010). 10412: 10410: 10257: 10255: 9467: 9465: 9272:"Fisherman files restraining order against BP" 9188: 8267: 8265: 8209: 8207: 7956: 7954: 7952: 7732:Dan Zak for the Washington Post, 3 June 2010. 7682: 7676:Mac McClelland for Mother Jones, 24 May 2010. 7632: 7630: 7506: 6529:"Riki Ott: An Open Letter to US EPA, Region 6" 6398: 6396: 6005: 6003: 5791:"BP finishes latest search for Gulf oil leaks" 5647: 5567: 5511: 5344: 5203: 5087: 4552: 4436: 4106: 3895: 3881:"Offshore Field Development Projects: Macondo" 3554: 3408: 3359: 3337: 2152:Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board 1928:Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement 1798:advising against swimming due to the oil spill 999:Containment, collection and use of dispersants 424:A massive response ensued to protect beaches, 15082: 14398: 14180: 13879:"God's Counting on Me, God's Counting on You" 13519:"Dispatches from the Gulf: A New Documentary" 12322: 11917: 11915: 11763:Fahey, Jonathan; Kahn, Chris (3 March 2012). 11029: 10667: 10614: 10296: 10238:"Rand Paul: Obama BP criticism 'un-American'" 10232: 10230: 9596: 8750:"Discovery of 'tar mat' prompts Gulf closure" 8522: 7986: 7500:Gerald Baron for Crisisblogger, 8 June 2012. 7052: 6347:"BP Provides Lessons Learned From Gulf Spill" 5680:Ben Raines, Press-Register (26 August 2011). 5152:Nuckols, Ben; Bluestein, Greg (27 May 2010). 4838:"Dirty blizzard buried Deepwater Horizon oil" 4795:"Foul waters, hard lessons from BP oil spill" 4224:Kennedy, Charles Kennedy (10 December 2012). 4036:"Coast Guard: Oil rig that exploded has sunk" 3933: 3755: 3643: 3576: 3221: 3219: 3217: 2663:, a film based on the explosion, directed by 2422: 2363:rig, was guilty of gross negligence as well. 1817: 1573:) observed in emulsified oil on 29 April 2010 1433:levels. The oil contained approximately 40% 1091:The spill was also notable for the volume of 318: 124:(4 months, 4 weeks and 2 days) 14247:oil spill caused lasting damage, report says 13569: 12992:"Disaster's Toll on the Gulf and Its People" 12484:Ed Crooks, Christopher Adams (9 July 2015). 11943: 11758: 11756: 11420: 11418: 10468: 10361:TV, New Orleans. 30 May 2010. Archived from 10201: 10056: 10028: 8462: 7563: 6644:"National Contingency Plan Product Schedule" 6623: 6601: 6473: 5872: 5844: 5702: 5632:"Probe Deepens on New Oil Linked to BP Site" 5520:"Oil could spew until August, officials say" 5402: 4829: 4807: 4368: 4339: 4337: 4182:. MacNeil/Lehrer Productions. Archived from 4115:"Scientists up estimate of leaking Gulf oil" 3808:"Deepwater Horizon Sinks Offshore Louisiana" 3550: 3548: 3546: 3010: 2980: 2978: 2976: 2974: 2972: 2970: 1951:Reactions to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill 1667:Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals 1066: 15700:Oil platform disasters in the United States 12975:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 12688:"Disaster prosecution is, well, a disaster" 12084: 12040:"US court accepts BP's Macondo guilty plea" 11868: 11840: 11727: 11615: 11589: 11500: 11396: 10923: 10794: 10767: 10741: 10715: 10703:. MSNBC. 9 June 2010. Event occurs at 3:42 10697:BP downplays government claim on oil plumes 10688: 10661: 10634: 10519: 10462: 10436: 10407: 10377: 10347: 10317: 10290: 10252: 10164: 10112: 10082: 10062: 9837: 9806: 9746: 9714: 9695: 9672: 9462: 9395: 9117:"Exposing the human side of BP's oil spill" 8971: 8945: 8742: 8557: 8516: 8504: 8438: 8378: 8352: 8303: 8262: 8240: 8226: 8204: 8113: 8014: 8012: 7949: 7890: 7859: 7627: 7459: 7336: 7200: 7024: 7008: 6894: 6872: 6794: 6765: 6739: 6703:"BP is sticking with its dispersant choice" 6694: 6662: 6636: 6619: 6617: 6573: 6521: 6498: 6469: 6467: 6437: 6414: 6393: 6378: 6364: 6338: 6154: 6000: 5953: 5933: 5866: 5838: 5736: 5722: 5539: 5379:"Relief wells aim at pipe 18,000 feet deep" 5000: 4810:"Spilled BP oil lingers on Louisiana coast" 4748:"Nearly 3/4 of BP spill oil gone from Gulf" 4140: 4138: 4136: 3466: 3464: 3462: 3460: 3138: 3074: 3072: 2772:God's Counting on Me, God's Counting on You 2035: 678:Timeline of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill 15089: 15075: 14405: 14391: 14338: 14126:Deepwater Horizon Incident, Gulf of Mexico 13931:. Vol. 87, no. 4. pp. 36–59 13052: 12879: 12553: 12458: 12413: 12145:"Judges Call BP's Arguments "Nonsensical"" 12010: 12004: 11912: 11786: 11673: 11370: 10971: 10800: 10583: 10579: 10577: 10331:, Minneapolis. 31 May 2010. Archived from 10227: 9815:"Big price tag for recovery of Gulf Coast" 9114: 8684: 8482: 8456: 8321: 7413:"How Microbes Helped Clean BP's Oil Spill" 7384:Dykes, Brett Michael (17 September 2010). 7364:"How Microbes Helped Clean BP's Oil Spill" 7265: 6823: 6384: 6294:"How can human hair mop up the oil spill?" 6189: 6117: 6115: 6113: 6111: 6109: 6107: 6105: 5894: 5810: 5782: 5696: 5673: 5582: 5326: 5178: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4377:"Admiral back on the Gulf Coast for spill" 4207:"New BP Oil Spill Emails Suggest Cover-Up" 3214: 3187: 3185: 2093: 1429:used to consume the oil can reduce marine 832:Offshore oil spill prevention and response 325: 311: 196:This article is part of a series about the 15008:Hornbeck Offshore Services LLC v. Salazar 14992:If God Is Willing and da Creek Don't Rise 13595: 12483: 12255: 11975: 11762: 11753: 11568: 11562: 11535: 11529: 11415: 11081: 10993: 9956: 9772: 9614: 9597:Sumaila, U.R.; et al. (March 2012). 9427: 9375: 9243: 9062: 8766: 8728: 8714: 8421: 8411: 8297:"Gulf ecosystem in crisis after BP spill" 8154: 8096: 8086: 7312: 7302: 7272:Valentine, David L.; et al. (2011). 7110: 7097: 6994: 6846: 6817: 6800: 6268: 6233:"Are the Sand Berms Really Stopping Oil?" 6225: 6207: 6167:. (11 June 2010). Retrieved 7 April 2011. 6055: 5900: 5816: 5788: 5750: 5623: 5605: 5489: 5419: 5396: 5370: 5271: 5242: 5172: 5145: 5055: 5029: 4960:"Robot subs trying to stop Gulf oil leak" 4801: 4787: 4765: 4745: 4739: 4678: 4641: 4616: 4508: 4482: 4456: 4430: 4343: 4334: 4313: 4307: 4281: 4246: 4144: 4117:. MSNBC. Associated Press. 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Lillehammer Energy Claims Conference. 5655:"20130127-Calm seas but troubled waters" 5119: 4974: 4462: 4217: 4133: 4054: 3674: 3457: 3310: 3245: 3069: 2243: 2003: 1959: 1919:United States Department of the Interior 1908:offshore drilling projects in California 1853:United States Department of the Interior 1837: 1789: 1781: 1694: 1671: 1598: 1562: 1481: 1395: 1220: 1189: 1181: 1138:According to a NALCO manual obtained by 1082: 1070: 1029: 967:well in the Gulf of Mexico. 26 June 2010 958: 852: 840: 710: 702: 694: 682: 619: 15715:2010 controversies in the United States 13921:Khatchadourian, Raffi (11 March 2011). 13657: 12843: 12358:"Blame game kicks off in Macondo trial" 12287: 11822:"US points to 'gross negligence' by BP" 11466: 11464: 10955: 10586:"Trump rescinds Obama-era ocean policy" 10574: 10496: 10118: 9899: 9812: 9349: 9018: 8563: 8271: 7728: 7726: 7724: 7536: 7534: 7527:Efforts to Limit the Flow of Spill News 6963: 6771: 6102: 5873:Schleifstein, Mark (28 December 2012). 5703:Schleifstein, Mark (26 November 2012). 5629: 5376: 5216: 4952: 4835: 4531: 4223: 4006: 3960: 3936:"Bubble of methane triggered rig blast" 3684:"BP hints at future dividend increases" 3346: 3319:"Bird Habitats Threatened by Oil Spill" 3316: 3182: 3164: 3100: 2912: 2629:, featured its characters covering the 2272:The GCCF was administrated by attorney 2172:was announced on 1 June 2010. Also the 1682:Department of Health and Human Services 1385: 748:coastlines. Oil sludge appeared in the 456:. In April 2013, it was reported that 15775:April 2010 events in the United States 15687: 15024:United States offshore drilling debate 13627:Campbell, Christopher (17 June 2015). 13124: 12989: 12559: 12509: 12288:Schmidt, Kathrine (25 February 2013). 12116: 12036: 12011:Hargreaves, Steve (28 November 2012). 11654: 11597:"Mississippi AG Sues Kenneth Feinberg" 11569:Kunzelman, Michael (10 January 2013). 11314: 11285: 11250: 10897: 10876: 10747: 10240:. MSNBC. Associated Press. 21 May 2010 10008:VanderKlippe, Nathan (30 April 2010). 9981: 9905: 9701: 9559: 9557: 9401: 9140: 9088: 8999: 8618: 8358: 7961:Schneyer, Joshua (27 September 2010). 7865: 7600: 7439: 7410: 6969: 6903:"News & latest headlines from AOL" 6700: 6406:. Audubon. 23 May 2012. Archived from 6344: 6258:11 July 2010. 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(19 September 2010). 3191: 2944: 2942: 2940: 2484: 2377:National Fish and Wildlife Foundation 2150:, National Oil Spill Commission, and 1742:American Journal of Disaster Medicine 1692:, and will last at least five years. 1592:published a study finding that of 32 875:remotely operated underwater vehicles 836: 504:, and a felony count of lying to the 15669: 15049: 14278:Map and Estimates of the Oil Spilled 14151:Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 13658:Debruge, Peter (14 September 2016). 13572:"The Newsroom: "We Just Decided To"" 13416:"GulfCast: Dispatches from the Gulf" 12685: 12174:Lahav, Alexandra (15 October 2014). 11937:"Sorry – this page has been removed" 11536:Kunzelman, Michael (25 April 2012). 11461: 11013:from the original on 3 February 2017 10640: 10540:from the original on 11 January 2022 10529:"UK firms suffer after BP oil spill" 10278:from the original on 11 January 2022 9143:"Gulf spill sickness wrecking lives" 8946:Staletovich, Jenny (13 April 2016). 7841:"Gulf Oil Spill | Smithsonian Ocean" 7779:CBS Denied Access to Shoot Oil Spill 7721: 7531: 6852: 6726: 6547: 6385:Lustgarten, Abrahm (30 April 2010). 6345:Swartz, Spencer (3 September 2010). 6009: 5306:"BP begins testing new oil well cap" 5280:"Sealing Cap Installation Animation" 4808:Schleifstein, Mark (20 April 2012). 4746:Zabarenko, Deborah (4 August 2010). 4696:"Gulf Surface Oil Vanishing Quickly" 4346:"Oil spewing once again in the Gulf" 4173: 4167: 4038:. 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Documentary about the oil spill 14106: 14038:Erik Stokstad (8 February 2013). 13278:. 3 February 2015. Archived from 12794:"Beyond Pollution (2012) Trailer" 12117:Krauss, Clifford (25 July 2013). 11674:Pagnamenta, Robin (26 May 2010). 11315:Mufson, Steven (5 January 2011). 11251:Rascoe, Ayesha (5 January 2011). 11190:. London. Reuters. 5 January 2011 10909:United States Department of State 10416: 9962: 9679:Weber, Harry (19 December 2010). 9569:Natural Resources Defense Council 9402:Juhasz, Antonia (18 April 2012). 9376:Hertgaard, Mark (22 April 2013). 9115:Blumenfeld, Erika (17 May 2011). 9026:Environmental Health Perspectives 9000:Leader, Jessica (23 April 2013). 8564:Kaufman, Leslie (23 March 2012). 8214:Beaumont, Peter (31 March 2012). 8042:"Oil spill's environmental costs" 7343:Brown, Eryn (16 September 2010). 6782:. Environmental Protection Agency 6727:Wald, Matthew L. (31 July 2010). 6444:Suzanne Goldenberg (5 May 2010). 5766:. 11 October 2012. 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Archived from 2855: 2841: 2740:In June 2011, Canadian musician 2407:In January 2014, a panel of the 2306:Civil litigation and settlements 2148:Government Accountability Office 1418:polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 915:Well declared "effectively dead" 784:gases (HC) into the atmosphere. 411:United States federal government 397:, considered the largest marine 345: 215: 43: 15710:Explosions in the United States 15705:Oil spills in the United States 14581:Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling 14149:a multimedia presentation from 14023:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.041 13204: 13189: 11793:Schwartz, John (3 March 2012). 11636:Stephen Teague (31 July 2013). 11481:. 19 April 2012. Archived from 11216:. US Government. Archived from 11116:"All eyes on BP report on Gulf" 11069:. 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In late June, oil reached 609: 122:20 April – 19 September 2010 7: 15695:Deepwater Horizon oil spill 15534:Commonwealth Oil Refineries 15337:BP Ultimate Acropolis Rally 15317:BP Natural World Book Prize 14572:Minerals Management Service 14288:Where Oil Has Made Landfall 13602:National Geographic Society 12706:"BP – In Deep Water (2011)" 12541:. ProPublica. 24 April 2012 12486:"BP: Into uncharted waters" 11120:Oil Spill News/Artesia News 10584:David Abel (22 June 2018). 6581:"What are oil dispersants?" 4496:. Nola.com. 23 October 2010 4408:"BP spill spreads to Texas" 4113:Henry, Ray (15 June 2010). 3681:Ward, Andrew (1 May 2018). 2834: 2760:Requiem for the Indifferent 2514:National Geographic Channel 2328:Halliburton Energy Services 2159:Minerals Management Service 1923:Minerals Management Service 1861:United States federal judge 1362:further breakdown the oil. 1210:, including cancer-causing 1162:In late 2012, a study from 1054:was developed to construct 946:National Incident Commander 616:Deepwater Horizon explosion 21:Deepwater Horizon explosion 10: 15796: 15740:Maritime incidents in 2010 15612:Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. case 14820:GSF Development Driller II 14181:Lead state agency websites 14142:Smithsonian's Ocean Portal 14119: (archive index) – at 13497:"Dispatches from the Gulf" 13366:"Dispatches from the Gulf" 13209:[1h 11min]. UFOTV. 11900:. Reuters. 11 January 2014 11734:Leo King (21 April 2011). 10930:Rogin, Josh (6 May 2010). 9967:. KATC.com. 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September 2011. 2462: 2423:Justice Department lawsuit 2355:On 31 August 2012, the US 2315: 2309: 2257: 2254:Gulf Coast Claims Facility 2251: 2111: 1948: 1868:Martin Leach-Cross Feldman 1831: 1821: 1818:Offshore drilling policies 1775: 1771: 1708:, environmental scientist 1706:volatile organic compounds 1658: 1544:especially endangered the 1490:near Grand Isle, Louisiana 1389: 1343: 1177: 1002: 932:GSF Development Driller II 829: 823: 675: 669: 613: 532: 373:(also referred to as the " 49:As seen from space by the 18: 15725:2010 industrial disasters 15654: 15604: 15499:Anglo-Persian Oil Company 15476: 15411: 15345: 15312:BP National Championships 15299: 15233:Castrol Technology Centre 15218: 15186: 15148: 15104: 15032: 14983: 14936: 14910: 14899: 14790: 14772: 14765: 14739: 14719: 14681: 14653: 14615: 14608: 14567:Flow Rate Technical Group 14554: 14518: 14492: 14481: 14446:Efforts to stem the spill 14423: 14298: 14252:12 September 2015 at the 14093:. The Heritage Foundation 14002:Marine Pollution Bulletin 13507:– via www.imdb.com. 13230:– via www.imdb.com. 13161:– via www.imdb.com. 13096:– via www.imdb.com. 12745:– via www.imdb.com. 11939:– via The Guardian. 11409:Christian Science Monitor 10776:"Tony Hayward to quit BP" 10641:Webb, Tim (13 May 2010). 10016:. Canada. pp. B1, B8 9222:(McClatchy), 4 July 2010. 8621:"Is The Gulf Still Sick?" 7472:. Retrieved 7 April 2011. 6089:nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu 4962:. CBC News. 25 April 2010 4589:Marine Pollution Bulletin 3116:. London. 3 August 2010. 2798:'s song "Gulf of Mexico". 2144:National Research Council 2118:In the United States the 2074:Hayward's involvement in 1584:Kemp's ridley sea turtles 1546:Louisiana pancake batfish 1350:United States Coast Guard 1302:Oil Pollution Act of 1990 1067:Use of Corexit dispersant 925:started drilling a first 722:Flow Rate Technical Group 578:Block 253 (MC253) of the 344: 339: 183: 175: 170: 156: 146: 133: 128: 118: 81: 62: 58: 42: 34: 15494:Anglo-Egyptian Oilfields 15307:BP Ford World Rally Team 14315:GOES-13 satellite images 13549:Dispatches from the Gulf 13523:Dispatches from the Gulf 12692:The New Orleans Advocate 11925:. CNN. 5 September 2012. 11682:. London. Archived from 9906:CBS/AP (29 April 2010). 9201:15 November 2012 at the 7802:Smithsonian Ocean Portal 7784:19 December 2014 at the 7718:(New York), 2 June 2010. 3531:. London. 5 January 2011 2753:In 2012, the Dutch band 2723:released a song titled " 2675: 2609: 2603:Dispatches From The Gulf 2332:multidistrict litigation 2088:Robert Gordon University 2036:United Kingdom reactions 1870:when ruling in the case 1075:A C-130 Hercules sprays 582:, in the United States' 557:Hyundai Heavy Industries 476:, but also rig operator 53:satellite on 24 May 2010 15730:2010 in the environment 14806:Discoverer Clear Leader 14799:Development Driller III 14339:Animations and graphics 12566:The Wall Street Journal 10305:, News Channel 8, Tampa 9784:. Retrieved 1 May 2010" 9329:The Wall Street Journal 8413:10.1073/pnas.1118029109 7304:10.1073/pnas.1108820109 7019:The Wall Street Journal 6882:. MSNBC. 19 August 2010 6351:The Wall Street Journal 6252:article by Amy Wold in 4797:. CNN. 13 January 2011. 2794:The oil spill inspired 2501:aired a documentary by 2435:The Wall Street Journal 2094:International reactions 1883:and along the coast of 1285:Alcanivorax borkumensis 922:Development Driller III 584:exclusive economic zone 15745:Disasters in Louisiana 15569:Llandarcy Oil Refinery 15096: 14510:Mitsui Oil Exploration 14371:12 August 2014 at the 14311:, video at CNN iReport 14272:Gulf Oil Spill Tracker 14170:The Role of BP in the 14113:Deepwater BP Oil Spill 13472:"Press & Outreach" 13173:"Pretty Slick Trailer" 11599:. WKRG. Archived from 11543:Bloomberg Businessweek 11164:. BBC. 9 November 2010 10153:The Charlotte Observer 9819:Pensacola News Journal 8936:Retrieved 21 May 2015. 8916:Retrieved 20 May 2015. 8752:. WDSU. Archived from 8643:Huffington Post Canada 8553:. NOLA. December 2013. 7666:May 18, 2010 Broadcast 7192:: CS1 maint: others ( 6427:Pensacola News Journal 5763:Bloomberg Businessweek 5017:. McClatchy Newspapers 3047:"Frontline: The Spill" 2871:Exxon Valdez oil spill 2516:'s documentary series 2249: 2217: 2013: 1970:Department of Interior 1965: 1900:British Columbia Coast 1890:On 28 April 2010, the 1857:Back to Work Coalition 1843: 1799: 1787: 1718:Exxon Valdez oil spill 1700: 1677: 1604: 1574: 1491: 1470:, found that tuna and 1401: 1243:separate oil and water 1226: 1195: 1187: 1088: 1080: 1035: 968: 866: 850: 716: 708: 700: 692: 632: 550:dynamically positioned 506:United States Congress 415:several failed efforts 379:environmental disaster 15514:BP Biofuels Highlands 15455:Prudhoe Bay oil spill 14813:Discoverer Enterprise 14663:S. Elizabeth Birnbaum 14536:Nalco Holding Company 14526:Cameron International 12758:The Deepwater Horizon 12096:Department of Justice 10881:. STV. Archived from 10476:The Houston Chronicle 9971:on 29 September 2011. 8022:. MSNBC. 18 June 2010 7488:25 March 2013 at the 4902:Environ. Sci. Technol 4293:National Park Service 2519:Seconds From Disaster 2357:Department of Justice 2247: 2007: 1963: 1917:In October 2011, the 1904:Arnold Schwarzenegger 1892:National Energy Board 1841: 1796:Orange Beach, Alabama 1793: 1785: 1698: 1675: 1602: 1570:Stenella coeruleoalba 1566: 1525:University of Florida 1485: 1454:Monterey Bay Aquarium 1399: 1224: 1193: 1185: 1086: 1074: 1033: 962: 903:Discoverer Enterprise 856: 844: 750:Intracoastal Waterway 714: 706: 698: 686: 630: 171:Spill characteristics 103:28.73806°N 88.36611°W 15403:Carl-Henric Svanberg 15322:BP Pedestrian Bridge 14918:Environmental impact 14886:California Responder 14640:Carl-Henric Svanberg 14596:Worst Case Discharge 14197:20 June 2010 at the 13754:Entertainment Weekly 13420:feeds.soundcloud.com 13032:– via YouTube. 12965:– via YouTube. 12672:. 21 September 2016. 11773:The Associated Press 11358:on 20 September 2011 9039:10.1289/ehp.119-a204 8914:The Huffington Post. 8817:8 March 2014 at the 8670:The Independent (UK) 8147:10.1029/2011GL049505 7994:The Washington Times 7872:Yale Environment 360 7572:"The Other Gulf War" 7521:Jeremy W Peters for 6480:McClatchy Newspapers 6262:12 July 2010 at the 5336:. BP. Archived from 5282:. BP. Archived from 4680:10.1029/2010GL044689 3479:on 24 September 2011 2849:United States portal 2619:", the pilot of the 1625:A 2015 study by the 1550:Gulf coral community 1386:Environmental impact 1329:Jean-Michel Cousteau 1281:Genetically modified 1117:endocrine-disrupting 803:deep ocean sediments 351:Frontline: The Spill 269:Environmental impact 14923:Health consequences 14056:2013Sci...339..636S 14015:2014MarPB..89...20M 13962:2011GMS...195.....L 13639:on 11 December 2018 13633:Film School Rejects 13252:on 2 September 2016 13192:"Pretty Slick 2014" 13044:The Great Invisible 12924:National Geographic 12871:The Great Invisible 12736:"BP: In Deep Water" 12335:on 28 February 2013 11963:on 25 February 2021 11435:Stanford Law Review 11321:The Washington Post 10534:The Daily Telegraph 10271:The Daily Telegraph 9542:. Tourism Economics 9450:on 23 February 2017 8696:National Geographic 8404:2012PNAS..10920303W 8398:(50): 20303–20308. 8139:2012GeoRL..39.1605M 8079:2012PLoSO...742548O 7937:on 17 November 2020 7751:17 May 2013 at the 7608:The Weekly Standard 7446:Scientific American 7417:Scientific American 7368:Scientific American 7295:2012PNAS..10920286V 7289:(50): 20286–20291. 7228:2010Sci...329..735K 7004:. 12 November 2010. 6959:. 30 November 2012. 6410:on 19 January 2013. 6219:Scientific American 6067:National Geographic 6033:2010Sci...329..734K 5525:The Washington Post 5432:The Washington Post 4914:2013EnST...47.9651P 4671:2010GeoRL..3718605A 4601:2016MarPB.110...28B 4443:The Washington Post 4262:(11): 11058–11073. 3942:on 27 February 2021 3529:The Daily Telegraph 3395:on 30 January 2016. 3298:on 24 February 2021 3259:. 30 September 2011 3114:The Daily Telegraph 2920:"Deepwater Horizon" 2548:The Great Invisible 2512:In April 2012, the 2240:Spill response fund 2081:People & Planet 2045:in 1998 to form BP 1655:Health consequences 1494:The oil dispersant 1450:Stanford University 1321:air traffic control 1296:Access restrictions 1260:Oil-eating microbes 791:That means over 100 568:flag of convenience 274:Health consequences 163:under contract for 108:28.73806; -88.36611 99: / 15585:Shell-Mex & BP 15509:Atlantic Richfield 14994:(2010 documentary) 14752:Mississippi Canyon 14500:Anadarko Petroleum 14232:The Times-Picayune 14221:The New York Times 14136:RestoreTheGulf.gov 13986:on 6 November 2014 13817:on 28 October 2021 13729:on 10 October 2021 13608:on 4 November 2015 13452:on 28 October 2021 13024:on 28 October 2021 12996:The New York Times 12957:on 28 October 2021 12900:. 24 December 2014 12820:"Beyond Pollution" 12800:on 28 October 2021 12780:"Beyond Pollution" 12651:. 21 January 2014. 12401:on 30 January 2016 12370:. 26 February 2013 12268:The Times-Picayune 12243:. 2 September 2014 12211:The Legal Examiner 12180:The Legal Examiner 12155:on 7 February 2018 12149:The Legal Examiner 12123:The New York Times 12047:. NHST Media Group 11854:The Times-Picayune 11828:. 5 September 2012 11800:The New York Times 11642:The New York Times 11577:. Associated Press 11384:on 21 January 2013 11292:The New York Times 10674:The New York Times 10158:The New York Times 10014:The Globe and Mail 9683:. Associated Press 9668:. 5 February 2013. 9642:. Associated Press 9322:Trotman, Melanie. 8932:The New York Times 8876:. 14 February 2014 8645:. 12 February 2014 8570:The New York Times 7997:. Associated Press 7911:on 30 January 2016 7644:The Times-Picayune 7523:The New York Times 7084:The New York Times 7038:The Times-Picayune 6752:The New York Times 6733:The New York Times 6583:. CNN. 15 May 2010 5992:has generic name ( 5880:The Times-Picayune 5852:The Times-Picayune 5770:on 16 October 2012 5709:The Times-Picayune 5661:on 4 February 2013 5259:. Associated Press 5160:. Associated Press 4815:The Times-Picayune 4775:. News.oneindia.in 4700:The New York Times 4494:The Times-Picayune 4469:The Times-Picayune 4322:. Associated Press 4186:on 22 January 2014 4155:. Associated Press 4093:The New York Times 4014:The Times-Picayune 3967:The New York Times 3915:. NHST Media Group 3835:. Associated Press 3718:The New York Times 3662:on 16 January 2018 3635:has generic name ( 3562:The New York Times 3444:The New York Times 3202:. Associated Press 3086:The New York Times 2881:List of oil spills 2863:Environment portal 2828:two episodes later 2725:Help Is on the Way 2617:We Just Decided To 2495:On 28 March 2011, 2485:In popular culture 2398:MOEX Offshore 2007 2250: 2219:Det Norske Veritas 2014: 1966: 1844: 1800: 1788: 1701: 1680:The United States 1678: 1605: 1575: 1567:Striped dolphins ( 1492: 1477:The New York Times 1402: 1227: 1196: 1188: 1089: 1081: 1036: 969: 867: 851: 837:Short-term efforts 814:Tampa Bay, Florida 778:Plaquemines Parish 774:Lake Pontchartrain 772:and the shores of 717: 709: 701: 693: 633: 600:MOEX Offshore 2007 596:Anadarko Petroleum 576:Mississippi Canyon 544:was a 10-year-old 71:Mississippi Canyon 15780:2010 in Louisiana 15682: 15681: 15636:D'Arcy Concession 15540:Deepwater Horizon 15438:Deepwater Horizon 15430:Deepwater Horizon 15327:BP Portrait Award 15127:Prudhoe Bay Trust 15064: 15063: 15000:Deepwater Horizon 14979: 14978: 14895: 14894: 14879:Pacific Responder 14791:Relief ships/rigs 14781:Deepwater Horizon 14735: 14734: 14604: 14603: 14591:U. S. Coast Guard 14579:Deepwater Horizon 14546:Wild Well Control 14519:Major contractors 14441:Volume and extent 14434:Deepwater Horizon 14415:Deepwater Horizon 14307:Deepwater Horizon 14245:Deepwater Horizon 14172:Deepwater Horizon 14158:Deepwater Horizon 14050:(6120): 636–637. 13979:978-0-87590-485-6 13551:. 26 January 2019 13525:. 29 January 2016 13276:pastemagazine.com 13221:"After the Spill" 13145:Los Angeles Times 11039:(Press release). 11023:National Archives 10907:(Press release). 10447:(Press release). 10195:National Archives 10181:(Press release). 9616:10.1139/f2011-171 9578:on 1 January 2018 7744:NPR. 4 June 2010 7693:Matthew Philips, 7349:Los Angeles Times 7222:(5993): 735–736. 7163:978-0-309-47818-2 6917:"Drowning in Oil" 6859:Los Angeles Times 6237:Popular Mechanics 6142:on 21 August 2014 6073:on 22 March 2012. 5915:on 18 August 2024 4922:10.1021/es401761h 4908:(17): 9651–9659. 4291:(Press release). 3590:Los Angeles Times 3415:Los Angeles Times 3376:. 20 August 2013. 3323:National Wildlife 3057:. 26 October 2010 3027:on 11 August 2010 2898:Deepwater Horizon 2816:Coon 2: Hindsight 2782:Deepwater Horizon 2735:Hurricane Katrina 2727:" on their album 2660:Deepwater Horizon 2652:Deepwater Horizon 2631:Deepwater Horizon 2596:Deepwater Horizon 2540:Deepwater Horizon 2507:BP: In Deep Water 2361:Deepwater Horizon 2336:blowout preventer 2299:Deepwater Horizon 2266:Deepwater Horizon 2233:Deepwater Horizon 2229:Deepwater Horizon 2204:Deepwater Horizon 2178:blowout preventer 2163:Deepwater Horizon 2130:Deepwater Horizon 2120:Deepwater Horizon 2076:Deepwater Horizon 2029:Deepwater Horizon 1978:EPA Administrator 1976:, as well as the 1974:Homeland Security 1638:Deepwater Horizon 1558:Deepwater Horizon 1534:Deepwater Horizon 1039:Containment booms 1016:benthic ecologist 965:Deepwater Horizon 871:blowout preventer 863:Wild Well Control 847:Deepwater Horizon 762:Gulf Park Estates 689:Deepwater Horizon 660:Deepwater Horizon 635:At approximately 628: 541:Deepwater Horizon 535:Deepwater Horizon 527:Deepwater Horizon 513:65 billion. 446:Florida Panhandle 419:Deepwater Horizon 403:Ixtoc I oil spill 369:Deepwater Horizon 364: 363: 335: 334: 254:Volume and extent 233:Deepwater Horizon 205:Deepwater Horizon 191: 190: 152:17 people injured 36:Deepwater Horizon 15787: 15672: 15671: 15662: 15661: 15574:National Benzole 15477:Historical units 15445:Invasion of Iran 15135: 15091: 15084: 15077: 15068: 15067: 15052: 15051: 15040: 15039: 14956:Economic effects 14908: 14907: 14845:Overseas Cascade 14839:Mighty Servant 3 14827:Helix Producer 1 14770: 14769: 14747:Macondo Prospect 14727:Kenneth Feinberg 14683:U.S. Coast Guard 14668:Michael Bromwich 14613: 14612: 14490: 14489: 14407: 14400: 14393: 14384: 14383: 14266:Interactive maps 14102: 14100: 14098: 14087:Daniel Kaniewski 14082: 14080: 14078: 14034: 13995: 13993: 13991: 13982:. Archived from 13940: 13938: 13936: 13908: 13907: 13905: 13903: 13888: 13882: 13875: 13869: 13868: 13861: 13855: 13854: 13852: 13850: 13833: 13827: 13826: 13824: 13822: 13801: 13795: 13794: 13792: 13790: 13773: 13767: 13766: 13764: 13762: 13745: 13739: 13738: 13736: 13734: 13713: 13707: 13706: 13701:. Archived from 13695: 13689: 13688: 13677: 13671: 13670: 13668: 13666: 13655: 13649: 13648: 13646: 13644: 13635:. Archived from 13624: 13618: 13617: 13615: 13613: 13604:. Archived from 13593: 13587: 13586: 13584: 13582: 13567: 13561: 13560: 13558: 13556: 13541: 13535: 13534: 13532: 13530: 13515: 13509: 13508: 13506: 13504: 13493: 13487: 13486: 13484: 13482: 13468: 13462: 13461: 13459: 13457: 13448:. Archived from 13442: 13436: 13435: 13433: 13431: 13422:. Archived from 13412: 13406: 13405: 13403: 13401: 13387: 13381: 13380: 13378: 13376: 13362: 13356: 13355: 13344: 13338: 13337: 13335: 13333: 13323:"Oceans 8 Films" 13319: 13313: 13312: 13310: 13308: 13298: 13292: 13291: 13289: 13287: 13268: 13262: 13261: 13259: 13257: 13248:. Archived from 13238: 13232: 13231: 13229: 13227: 13217: 13211: 13210: 13202: 13196: 13195: 13187: 13181: 13180: 13175:. Archived from 13169: 13163: 13162: 13155: 13149: 13148: 13147:. 17 April 2014. 13137: 13131: 13130: 13122: 13116: 13115: 13110:. Archived from 13104: 13098: 13097: 13090: 13084: 13083: 13081: 13079: 13063: 13057: 13056: 13040: 13034: 13033: 13031: 13029: 13020:. Archived from 13013: 13007: 13006: 13004: 13002: 12987: 12981: 12980: 12974: 12966: 12964: 12962: 12953:. Archived from 12946: 12940: 12939: 12937: 12935: 12916: 12910: 12909: 12907: 12905: 12898:texasmonthly.com 12890: 12884: 12883: 12867: 12861: 12860: 12858: 12856: 12841: 12835: 12834: 12832: 12830: 12816: 12810: 12809: 12807: 12805: 12796:. Archived from 12790: 12784: 12783: 12776: 12770: 12769: 12768: 12766: 12753: 12747: 12746: 12744: 12742: 12732: 12726: 12725: 12723: 12721: 12712:. Archived from 12702: 12696: 12695: 12683: 12674: 12673: 12662: 12653: 12652: 12641: 12632: 12631: 12629: 12627: 12612: 12606: 12605: 12603: 12601: 12583: 12577: 12576: 12574: 12572: 12557: 12551: 12550: 12548: 12546: 12535: 12529: 12528: 12526: 12524: 12507: 12501: 12500: 12498: 12496: 12481: 12475: 12474: 12462: 12456: 12455: 12453: 12451: 12439: 12433: 12432: 12430: 12428: 12417: 12411: 12410: 12408: 12406: 12397:. Archived from 12386: 12380: 12379: 12377: 12375: 12368:NHST Media Group 12354: 12345: 12344: 12342: 12340: 12331:. Archived from 12320: 12311: 12310: 12308: 12306: 12300:NHST Media Group 12285: 12279: 12278: 12276: 12274: 12259: 12253: 12252: 12250: 12248: 12233: 12227: 12226: 12224: 12222: 12217:on 22 March 2016 12213:. Archived from 12202: 12196: 12195: 12193: 12191: 12182:. Archived from 12171: 12165: 12164: 12162: 12160: 12151:. Archived from 12140: 12134: 12133: 12131: 12129: 12114: 12108: 12107: 12105: 12103: 12088: 12082: 12081: 12079: 12077: 12063: 12057: 12056: 12054: 12052: 12042: 12034: 12028: 12027: 12025: 12023: 12008: 12002: 12001: 11999: 11997: 11979: 11973: 11972: 11970: 11968: 11962: 11956:. 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Archived from 11343: 11332: 11331: 11329: 11327: 11312: 11303: 11302: 11300: 11298: 11283: 11268: 11267: 11265: 11263: 11248: 11233: 11232: 11230: 11228: 11223:on 15 March 2011 11222: 11215: 11206: 11200: 11199: 11197: 11195: 11180: 11174: 11173: 11171: 11169: 11158: 11152: 11146: 11140: 11139: 11137: 11135: 11126:. Archived from 11124:Associated Press 11111: 11105: 11104: 11102: 11100: 11085: 11079: 11078: 11076: 11074: 11059: 11053: 11052: 11050: 11048: 11033: 11027: 11026: 11020: 11018: 10997: 10991: 10990: 10988: 10986: 10975: 10969: 10968: 10966: 10964: 10953: 10947: 10946: 10944: 10942: 10927: 10921: 10920: 10918: 10916: 10901: 10895: 10894: 10892: 10890: 10874: 10868: 10867: 10865: 10863: 10852: 10846: 10845: 10843: 10841: 10836:on 29 March 2013 10825: 10819: 10818: 10816: 10814: 10798: 10792: 10791: 10789: 10787: 10771: 10765: 10764: 10762: 10760: 10745: 10739: 10738: 10736: 10734: 10719: 10713: 10712: 10710: 10708: 10702: 10692: 10686: 10685: 10683: 10681: 10665: 10659: 10658: 10656: 10654: 10638: 10632: 10631: 10629: 10627: 10612: 10606: 10605: 10603: 10601: 10592:. Archived from 10581: 10572: 10571: 10569: 10567: 10556: 10550: 10549: 10547: 10545: 10531: 10523: 10517: 10516: 10514: 10512: 10494: 10488: 10487: 10485: 10483: 10466: 10460: 10459: 10457: 10455: 10440: 10434: 10433: 10431: 10429: 10414: 10405: 10404: 10402: 10400: 10394:Associated Press 10381: 10375: 10374: 10372: 10370: 10351: 10345: 10344: 10342: 10340: 10321: 10315: 10314: 10312: 10310: 10294: 10288: 10287: 10285: 10283: 10267: 10259: 10250: 10249: 10247: 10245: 10234: 10225: 10224: 10222: 10220: 10205: 10199: 10198: 10192: 10190: 10168: 10162: 10161: 10147: 10141: 10140: 10138: 10136: 10127:. Archived from 10125:The Miami Herald 10116: 10110: 10109: 10107: 10105: 10094:The Miami Herald 10086: 10080: 10079: 10077: 10075: 10060: 10054: 10053: 10051: 10049: 10032: 10026: 10025: 10023: 10021: 10005: 9999: 9998: 9996: 9994: 9979: 9973: 9972: 9960: 9954: 9953: 9951: 9949: 9934: 9923: 9922: 9920: 9918: 9903: 9897: 9896: 9894: 9892: 9877: 9871: 9870: 9868: 9866: 9860: 9852:Oxford Economics 9849: 9841: 9835: 9834: 9832: 9830: 9825:on 27 April 2011 9821:. Archived from 9810: 9804: 9803: 9801: 9799: 9776: 9770: 9769: 9767: 9765: 9750: 9744: 9743: 9741: 9739: 9733: 9726: 9718: 9712: 9711: 9699: 9693: 9692: 9690: 9688: 9676: 9670: 9669: 9658: 9652: 9651: 9649: 9647: 9635: 9629: 9628: 9618: 9594: 9588: 9587: 9585: 9583: 9577: 9571:. Archived from 9561: 9552: 9551: 9549: 9547: 9536: 9530: 9529: 9517: 9511: 9504: 9498: 9497: 9491: 9483: 9477: 9476: 9469: 9460: 9459: 9457: 9455: 9446:. Archived from 9440: 9434: 9433: 9425: 9419: 9418: 9416: 9414: 9399: 9393: 9392: 9390: 9388: 9373: 9367: 9366: 9364: 9362: 9347: 9341: 9340: 9338: 9336: 9319: 9313: 9312: 9310: 9308: 9293: 9287: 9286: 9284: 9282: 9267: 9261: 9260: 9258: 9256: 9241: 9235: 9229: 9223: 9216: 9210: 9192: 9186: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9164: 9158: 9157: 9155: 9153: 9138: 9132: 9131: 9129: 9127: 9112: 9106: 9105: 9103: 9101: 9086: 9077: 9076: 9066: 9016: 9010: 9009: 8997: 8991: 8990: 8988: 8986: 8975: 8969: 8968: 8966: 8964: 8958:The Miami Herald 8943: 8937: 8923: 8917: 8906: 8900: 8899: 8892: 8886: 8885: 8883: 8881: 8866: 8860: 8859: 8848: 8842: 8841: 8839: 8837: 8827: 8821: 8809: 8803: 8802: 8790: 8784: 8783: 8781: 8779: 8764: 8758: 8757: 8756:on 16 June 2013. 8746: 8740: 8739: 8732: 8726: 8725: 8718: 8712: 8711: 8709: 8707: 8702:on 22 March 2012 8688: 8682: 8681: 8679: 8677: 8661: 8655: 8654: 8652: 8650: 8635: 8629: 8628: 8616: 8610: 8609: 8602: 8596: 8595: 8588: 8582: 8581: 8579: 8577: 8561: 8555: 8554: 8547: 8541: 8540: 8538: 8536: 8520: 8514: 8508: 8502: 8501: 8499: 8497: 8486: 8480: 8479: 8477: 8475: 8460: 8454: 8453: 8442: 8436: 8435: 8425: 8415: 8382: 8376: 8375: 8373: 8371: 8356: 8350: 8349: 8347: 8345: 8336:. Archived from 8325: 8319: 8318: 8307: 8301: 8300: 8292: 8286: 8285: 8283: 8281: 8269: 8260: 8259: 8257: 8255: 8244: 8238: 8237: 8230: 8224: 8223: 8211: 8202: 8201: 8199: 8197: 8182: 8176: 8175: 8173: 8171: 8158: 8117: 8111: 8110: 8100: 8090: 8056: 8050: 8049: 8038: 8032: 8031: 8029: 8027: 8016: 8007: 8006: 8004: 8002: 7984: 7978: 7977: 7975: 7973: 7958: 7947: 7946: 7944: 7942: 7927: 7921: 7920: 7918: 7916: 7910: 7903: 7894: 7888: 7887: 7885: 7883: 7863: 7857: 7856: 7854: 7852: 7837: 7831: 7830: 7823:"gulfsource.org" 7819: 7813: 7812: 7810: 7808: 7798:"Gulf Oil Spill" 7794: 7788: 7775: 7769: 7768: 7761: 7755: 7742: 7736: 7730: 7719: 7708: 7702: 7691: 7680: 7674: 7668: 7662: 7656: 7655: 7653: 7651: 7634: 7625: 7624: 7622: 7620: 7611:. Archived from 7598: 7589: 7588: 7586: 7584: 7567: 7561: 7560: 7558: 7556: 7546: 7538: 7529: 7519: 7504: 7498: 7492: 7479: 7473: 7463: 7457: 7456: 7454: 7452: 7437: 7431: 7430: 7425: 7423: 7408: 7402: 7400: 7398: 7396: 7381: 7372: 7371: 7359: 7353: 7352: 7340: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7329: 7316: 7306: 7278: 7269: 7263: 7262: 7260: 7258: 7252: 7246:. Archived from 7213: 7204: 7198: 7197: 7191: 7183: 7140: 7134: 7133: 7131: 7129: 7114: 7108: 7101: 7095: 7094: 7092: 7090: 7075: 7069: 7056: 7050: 7049: 7047: 7045: 7028: 7022: 7012: 7006: 7005: 6998: 6992: 6991: 6989: 6987: 6982:on 20 March 2012 6978:. Archived from 6967: 6961: 6960: 6949: 6943: 6942: 6931: 6925: 6924: 6923:. 22 April 2013. 6913: 6907: 6906: 6898: 6892: 6891: 6889: 6887: 6876: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6865: 6850: 6844: 6843: 6841: 6839: 6821: 6815: 6814: 6812: 6810: 6798: 6792: 6791: 6789: 6787: 6781: 6773:Jackson, Lisa P. 6769: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6758: 6743: 6737: 6736: 6724: 6718: 6717: 6715: 6713: 6698: 6692: 6691: 6689: 6687: 6681: 6674: 6666: 6660: 6659: 6657: 6655: 6640: 6634: 6633: 6621: 6612: 6611: 6599: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6577: 6571: 6570: 6568: 6566: 6551: 6545: 6544: 6542: 6540: 6535:. 27 August 2010 6525: 6519: 6518: 6516: 6514: 6502: 6496: 6495: 6493: 6491: 6486:on 3 August 2010 6482:. Archived from 6471: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6457: 6441: 6435: 6434: 6433:on 28 July 2013. 6429:. Archived from 6418: 6412: 6411: 6400: 6391: 6390: 6382: 6376: 6375: 6368: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6357: 6342: 6336: 6335: 6333: 6331: 6316: 6310: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6290: 6284: 6283: 6282:on 26 July 2014. 6278:. Archived from 6272: 6266: 6247: 6241: 6240: 6229: 6223: 6216:David Biello in 6211: 6205: 6204: 6199:. Archived from 6193: 6187: 6186: 6174: 6168: 6158: 6152: 6151: 6149: 6147: 6141: 6135:. Archived from 6130: 6119: 6100: 6099: 6097: 6095: 6081: 6075: 6074: 6059: 6053: 6052: 6016: 6007: 5998: 5997: 5991: 5987: 5985: 5977: 5975: 5973: 5957: 5951: 5950: 5948: 5946: 5931: 5925: 5924: 5922: 5920: 5911:. Archived from 5898: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5887: 5870: 5864: 5863: 5861: 5859: 5842: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5814: 5808: 5807: 5805: 5803: 5786: 5780: 5779: 5777: 5775: 5754: 5748: 5747: 5740: 5734: 5733: 5726: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5715: 5700: 5694: 5693: 5691: 5689: 5677: 5671: 5670: 5668: 5666: 5651: 5645: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5627: 5621: 5620: 5609: 5603: 5602: 5600: 5598: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5571: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5560: 5543: 5537: 5536: 5534: 5532: 5515: 5509: 5508: 5506: 5504: 5493: 5487: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5471: 5465: 5464: 5462: 5460: 5449: 5443: 5442: 5440: 5438: 5423: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5412: 5407:. Theoildrum.com 5400: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5389: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5363: 5348: 5342: 5341: 5340:on 20 July 2010. 5330: 5324: 5323: 5321: 5319: 5302: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5275: 5269: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5246: 5240: 5239: 5237: 5235: 5229:NHST Media Group 5214: 5201: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5191:on 30 April 2011 5176: 5170: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5149: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5138: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5112: 5106:NHST Media Group 5091: 5085: 5084: 5082: 5080: 5073:NHST Media Group 5063:"Top kill fails" 5059: 5053: 5052: 5050: 5048: 5033: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5022: 5004: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4993: 4978: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4967: 4956: 4950: 4949: 4893: 4887: 4886: 4875: 4869: 4868: 4861: 4855: 4854: 4852: 4850: 4833: 4827: 4826: 4824: 4822: 4805: 4799: 4798: 4791: 4785: 4784: 4782: 4780: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4743: 4737: 4736: 4734: 4732: 4723:. Archived from 4710: 4704: 4703: 4691: 4685: 4684: 4682: 4654: 4645: 4639: 4638: 4620: 4580: 4574: 4573: 4571: 4569: 4559: 4550: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4512: 4506: 4505: 4503: 4501: 4486: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4475: 4460: 4454: 4453: 4451: 4449: 4434: 4428: 4427: 4425: 4423: 4403: 4397: 4396: 4394: 4392: 4387:on 22 March 2012 4372: 4366: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4356:on 20 March 2012 4341: 4332: 4331: 4329: 4327: 4320:The Plain Dealer 4311: 4305: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4285: 4279: 4278: 4276: 4274: 4253: 4244: 4238: 4237: 4235: 4233: 4221: 4215: 4214: 4202: 4196: 4195: 4193: 4191: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4142: 4131: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4110: 4104: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4084: 4078: 4077: 4075: 4073: 4058: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4042:on 25 April 2010 4032: 4026: 4025: 4023: 4021: 4004: 3998: 3997: 3985: 3979: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3931: 3925: 3924: 3922: 3920: 3904: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3877: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3861:on 25 April 2010 3851: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3822: 3816: 3815: 3814:. 22 April 2010. 3804: 3798: 3797: 3795: 3793: 3788:on 26 April 2010 3778: 3772: 3771: 3753: 3747: 3746: 3745:. 20 April 2017. 3735: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3709: 3700: 3699: 3697: 3695: 3686: 3678: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3667: 3658:. Archived from 3647: 3641: 3640: 3634: 3630: 3628: 3620: 3608: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3569: 3552: 3541: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3505:on 2 August 2013 3495: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3468: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3435: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3421: 3406: 3397: 3396: 3391:. Archived from 3384: 3378: 3377: 3366: 3357: 3356: 3344: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3297: 3286: 3278: 3269: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3240: 3238: 3223: 3212: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3189: 3180: 3179: 3168: 3162: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3151:Associated Press 3136: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3111: 3104: 3098: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3076: 3067: 3066: 3064: 3062: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3032: 3017: 3008: 3007: 3005: 3003: 2997: 2990: 2982: 2965: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2954: 2946: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2916: 2896:Timeline of the 2891:Taylor oil spill 2865: 2860: 2859: 2851: 2846: 2845: 2844: 2557:Independent Lens 2527:Beyond Pollution 2459:Criminal charges 2349:gross negligence 2274:Kenneth Feinberg 2260:Kenneth Feinberg 2222: 1859:. On 22 June, a 1851:enforced by the 1275:UC Santa Barbara 1104: 1103: 893:") also failed. 879:containment dome 859:containment dome 797: 796: 652:U.S. Coast Guard 641: 629: 572:Macondo Prospect 395:Macondo Prospect 349: 348: 337: 336: 327: 320: 313: 279:Economic effects 219: 210: 208: 193: 192: 150:11 people killed 114: 113: 111: 110: 109: 104: 100: 97: 96: 95: 92: 67:Macondo Prospect 47: 32: 31: 15795: 15794: 15790: 15789: 15788: 15786: 15785: 15784: 15685: 15684: 15683: 15678: 15650: 15641:North Sea crash 15600: 15472: 15407: 15353:Robert Anderson 15341: 15295: 15214: 15182: 15144: 15133: 15100: 15095: 15065: 15060: 15028: 14975: 14932: 14903: 14891: 14786: 14761: 14731: 14715: 14711:Paul F. Zukunft 14706:James A. Watson 14701:Peter Neffenger 14677: 14649: 14600: 14586:Unified Command 14550: 14514: 14485: 14483: 14477: 14419: 14411: 14373:Wayback Machine 14341: 14301: 14268: 14254:Wayback Machine 14212: 14199:Wayback Machine 14192:Mississippi DEQ 14183: 14117:Wayback Machine 14109: 14096: 14094: 14085: 14076: 14074: 14037: 13998: 13989: 13987: 13980: 13943: 13934: 13932: 13920: 13917: 13915:Further reading 13912: 13911: 13901: 13899: 13890: 13889: 13885: 13876: 13872: 13863: 13862: 13858: 13848: 13846: 13834: 13830: 13820: 13818: 13803: 13802: 13798: 13788: 13786: 13775: 13774: 13770: 13760: 13758: 13757:. 23 April 2015 13747: 13746: 13742: 13732: 13730: 13715: 13714: 13710: 13697: 13696: 13692: 13679: 13678: 13674: 13664: 13662: 13656: 13652: 13642: 13640: 13625: 13621: 13611: 13609: 13594: 13590: 13580: 13578: 13568: 13564: 13554: 13552: 13543: 13542: 13538: 13528: 13526: 13517: 13516: 13512: 13502: 13500: 13499:. 25 March 2016 13495: 13494: 13490: 13480: 13478: 13476:murphyfluidslab 13470: 13469: 13465: 13455: 13453: 13444: 13443: 13439: 13429: 13427: 13426:on 7 March 2021 13414: 13413: 13409: 13399: 13397: 13389: 13388: 13384: 13374: 13372: 13364: 13363: 13359: 13346: 13345: 13341: 13331: 13329: 13321: 13320: 13316: 13306: 13304: 13300: 13299: 13295: 13285: 13283: 13282:on 8 March 2021 13270: 13269: 13265: 13255: 13253: 13240: 13239: 13235: 13225: 13223: 13219: 13218: 13214: 13203: 13199: 13188: 13184: 13171: 13170: 13166: 13157: 13156: 13152: 13139: 13138: 13134: 13123: 13119: 13106: 13105: 13101: 13092: 13091: 13087: 13077: 13075: 13065: 13064: 13060: 13041: 13037: 13027: 13025: 13014: 13010: 13000: 12998: 12988: 12984: 12968: 12967: 12960: 12958: 12947: 12943: 12933: 12931: 12930:on 4 March 2020 12918: 12917: 12913: 12903: 12901: 12892: 12891: 12887: 12868: 12864: 12854: 12852: 12842: 12838: 12828: 12826: 12818: 12817: 12813: 12803: 12801: 12792: 12791: 12787: 12778: 12777: 12773: 12764: 12762: 12761:, 15 April 2012 12755: 12754: 12750: 12740: 12738: 12734: 12733: 12729: 12719: 12717: 12716:on 29 July 2020 12704: 12703: 12699: 12684: 12677: 12664: 12663: 12656: 12643: 12642: 12635: 12625: 12623: 12613: 12609: 12599: 12597: 12584: 12580: 12570: 12568: 12558: 12554: 12544: 12542: 12537: 12536: 12532: 12522: 12520: 12517:Huffington Post 12508: 12504: 12494: 12492: 12490:Financial Times 12482: 12478: 12463: 12459: 12449: 12447: 12446:. Bloomberg LLP 12440: 12436: 12426: 12424: 12419: 12418: 12414: 12404: 12402: 12387: 12383: 12373: 12371: 12363:Upstream Online 12356: 12355: 12348: 12338: 12336: 12321: 12314: 12304: 12302: 12295:Upstream Online 12286: 12282: 12272: 12270: 12260: 12256: 12246: 12244: 12235: 12234: 12230: 12220: 12218: 12203: 12199: 12189: 12187: 12186:on 11 June 2018 12172: 12168: 12158: 12156: 12141: 12137: 12127: 12125: 12115: 12111: 12101: 12099: 12090: 12089: 12085: 12075: 12073: 12071:www.rigzone.com 12065: 12064: 12060: 12050: 12048: 12045:Upstream Online 12035: 12031: 12021: 12019: 12009: 12005: 11995: 11993: 11989:Chicago Tribune 11980: 11976: 11966: 11964: 11960: 11953: 11949: 11948: 11944: 11935: 11934: 11930: 11921: 11920: 11913: 11903: 11901: 11892: 11891: 11884: 11873: 11869: 11859: 11857: 11845: 11841: 11831: 11829: 11820: 11819: 11815: 11805: 11803: 11791: 11787: 11777: 11775: 11761: 11754: 11744: 11742: 11732: 11728: 11718: 11716: 11707: 11706: 11699: 11689: 11687: 11672: 11668: 11661:Huffington Post 11653: 11649: 11644:. Biloxi, Miss. 11634: 11627: 11620: 11616: 11606: 11604: 11603:on 17 July 2011 11595: 11594: 11590: 11580: 11578: 11575:Huffington Post 11567: 11563: 11553: 11551: 11534: 11530: 11520: 11518: 11517:. 19 April 2012 11509: 11508: 11501: 11491: 11489: 11485: 11474: 11470: 11469: 11462: 11452: 11450: 11429: 11423: 11416: 11401: 11397: 11387: 11385: 11376: 11375: 11371: 11361: 11359: 11352:Chicago Tribune 11344: 11335: 11325: 11323: 11313: 11306: 11296: 11294: 11284: 11271: 11261: 11259: 11249: 11236: 11226: 11224: 11220: 11213: 11207: 11203: 11193: 11191: 11182: 11181: 11177: 11167: 11165: 11160: 11159: 11155: 11147: 11143: 11133: 11131: 11130:on 23 July 2011 11112: 11108: 11098: 11096: 11087: 11086: 11082: 11072: 11070: 11067:Upstream Online 11061: 11060: 11056: 11046: 11044: 11035: 11034: 11030: 11016: 11014: 10999: 10998: 10994: 10984: 10982: 10977: 10976: 10972: 10962: 10960: 10954: 10950: 10940: 10938: 10928: 10924: 10914: 10912: 10903: 10902: 10898: 10888: 10886: 10885:on 4 March 2016 10875: 10871: 10861: 10859: 10854: 10853: 10849: 10839: 10837: 10826: 10822: 10812: 10810: 10799: 10795: 10785: 10783: 10772: 10768: 10758: 10756: 10746: 10742: 10732: 10730: 10720: 10716: 10706: 10704: 10700: 10694: 10693: 10689: 10679: 10677: 10666: 10662: 10652: 10650: 10639: 10635: 10625: 10623: 10613: 10609: 10599: 10597: 10596:on 19 July 2018 10582: 10575: 10565: 10563: 10558: 10557: 10553: 10543: 10541: 10524: 10520: 10510: 10508: 10495: 10491: 10481: 10479: 10467: 10463: 10453: 10451: 10441: 10437: 10427: 10425: 10415: 10408: 10398: 10396: 10382: 10378: 10368: 10366: 10353: 10352: 10348: 10338: 10336: 10323: 10322: 10318: 10308: 10306: 10295: 10291: 10281: 10279: 10260: 10253: 10243: 10241: 10236: 10235: 10228: 10218: 10216: 10207: 10206: 10202: 10188: 10186: 10169: 10165: 10148: 10144: 10134: 10132: 10131:on 22 July 2010 10117: 10113: 10103: 10101: 10088: 10087: 10083: 10073: 10071: 10061: 10057: 10047: 10045: 10033: 10029: 10019: 10017: 10006: 10002: 9992: 9990: 9980: 9976: 9961: 9957: 9947: 9945: 9942:Upstream Online 9936: 9935: 9926: 9916: 9914: 9904: 9900: 9890: 9888: 9878: 9874: 9864: 9862: 9858: 9847: 9843: 9842: 9838: 9828: 9826: 9811: 9807: 9797: 9795: 9778: 9777: 9773: 9763: 9761: 9760:on 18 June 2010 9752: 9751: 9747: 9737: 9735: 9731: 9724: 9720: 9719: 9715: 9700: 9696: 9686: 9684: 9677: 9673: 9660: 9659: 9655: 9645: 9643: 9636: 9632: 9595: 9591: 9581: 9579: 9575: 9563: 9562: 9555: 9545: 9543: 9538: 9537: 9533: 9518: 9514: 9505: 9501: 9492: 9486: 9484: 9480: 9471: 9470: 9463: 9453: 9451: 9442: 9441: 9437: 9426: 9422: 9412: 9410: 9400: 9396: 9386: 9384: 9374: 9370: 9360: 9358: 9348: 9344: 9334: 9332: 9320: 9316: 9306: 9304: 9294: 9290: 9280: 9278: 9268: 9264: 9254: 9252: 9242: 9238: 9230: 9226: 9217: 9213: 9209:, 22 July 2010. 9203:Wayback Machine 9194:Rose Aguilar, " 9193: 9189: 9179: 9177: 9166: 9165: 9161: 9151: 9149: 9139: 9135: 9125: 9123: 9113: 9109: 9099: 9097: 9087: 9080: 9017: 9013: 9006:Huffington Post 8998: 8994: 8984: 8982: 8977: 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7908: 7901: 7895: 7891: 7881: 7879: 7878:on 12 June 2010 7864: 7860: 7850: 7848: 7847:. 30 April 2018 7839: 7838: 7834: 7829:on 17 May 2016. 7821: 7820: 7816: 7806: 7804: 7796: 7795: 7791: 7786:Wayback Machine 7776: 7772: 7763: 7762: 7758: 7753:Wayback Machine 7743: 7739: 7731: 7722: 7709: 7705: 7692: 7683: 7675: 7671: 7663: 7659: 7649: 7647: 7635: 7628: 7618: 7616: 7615:on 16 July 2010 7599: 7592: 7582: 7580: 7577:Air & Space 7568: 7564: 7554: 7552: 7544: 7540: 7539: 7532: 7520: 7507: 7499: 7495: 7490:Wayback Machine 7480: 7476: 7470:Huffington Post 7464: 7460: 7450: 7448: 7438: 7434: 7421: 7419: 7409: 7405: 7394: 7392: 7382: 7375: 7362:Biello, David. 7360: 7356: 7341: 7337: 7327: 7325: 7276: 7270: 7266: 7256: 7254: 7253:on 29 July 2013 7250: 7211: 7205: 7201: 7185: 7184: 7164: 7142: 7141: 7137: 7127: 7125: 7124:on 30 June 2010 7116: 7115: 7111: 7102: 7098: 7088: 7086: 7076: 7072: 7057: 7053: 7043: 7041: 7029: 7025: 7013: 7009: 7000: 6999: 6995: 6985: 6983: 6968: 6964: 6951: 6950: 6946: 6933: 6932: 6928: 6915: 6914: 6910: 6899: 6895: 6885: 6883: 6878: 6877: 6873: 6863: 6861: 6851: 6847: 6837: 6835: 6822: 6818: 6808: 6806: 6799: 6795: 6785: 6783: 6779: 6775:(24 May 2010). 6770: 6766: 6756: 6754: 6744: 6740: 6725: 6721: 6711: 6709: 6699: 6695: 6685: 6683: 6679: 6672: 6668: 6667: 6663: 6653: 6651: 6642: 6641: 6637: 6622: 6615: 6600: 6596: 6586: 6584: 6579: 6578: 6574: 6564: 6562: 6561:. 19 April 2013 6553: 6552: 6548: 6538: 6536: 6533:Huffington Post 6527: 6526: 6522: 6512: 6510: 6503: 6499: 6489: 6487: 6472: 6465: 6455: 6453: 6442: 6438: 6419: 6415: 6402: 6401: 6394: 6383: 6379: 6370: 6369: 6365: 6355: 6353: 6343: 6339: 6329: 6327: 6325:Washington Post 6317: 6313: 6303: 6301: 6292: 6291: 6287: 6274: 6273: 6269: 6264:Wayback Machine 6248: 6244: 6239:. 22 July 2010. 6231: 6230: 6226: 6212: 6208: 6203:on 17 May 2013. 6195: 6194: 6190: 6175: 6171: 6159: 6155: 6145: 6143: 6139: 6128: 6120: 6103: 6093: 6091: 6083: 6082: 6078: 6061: 6060: 6056: 6027:(5993): 734–5. 6014: 6008: 6001: 5989: 5988: 5979: 5978: 5971: 5969: 5958: 5954: 5944: 5942: 5932: 5928: 5918: 5916: 5899: 5895: 5885: 5883: 5871: 5867: 5857: 5855: 5843: 5839: 5829: 5827: 5815: 5811: 5801: 5799: 5787: 5783: 5773: 5771: 5756: 5755: 5751: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5728: 5727: 5723: 5713: 5711: 5701: 5697: 5687: 5685: 5678: 5674: 5664: 5662: 5653: 5652: 5648: 5643: 5639: 5628: 5624: 5617:Washington Post 5611: 5610: 5606: 5596: 5594: 5587: 5583: 5572: 5568: 5558: 5556: 5555:. 22 March 2011 5545: 5544: 5540: 5530: 5528: 5516: 5512: 5502: 5500: 5495: 5494: 5490: 5480: 5478: 5473: 5472: 5468: 5458: 5456: 5451: 5450: 5446: 5436: 5434: 5424: 5420: 5410: 5408: 5401: 5397: 5387: 5385: 5375: 5371: 5361: 5359: 5356:Upstream Online 5350: 5349: 5345: 5332: 5331: 5327: 5317: 5315: 5304: 5303: 5299: 5289: 5287: 5286:on 14 July 2010 5276: 5272: 5262: 5260: 5247: 5243: 5233: 5231: 5224:Upstream Online 5215: 5204: 5194: 5192: 5177: 5173: 5163: 5161: 5150: 5146: 5136: 5134: 5125: 5124: 5120: 5110: 5108: 5101:Upstream Online 5092: 5088: 5078: 5076: 5068:Upstream Online 5061: 5060: 5056: 5046: 5044: 5035: 5034: 5030: 5020: 5018: 5005: 5001: 4991: 4989: 4980: 4979: 4975: 4965: 4963: 4958: 4957: 4953: 4898:Daly, Kendra L. 4894: 4890: 4885:. 16 June 2013. 4883:Huffington Post 4877: 4876: 4872: 4867:. 27 June 2013. 4863: 4862: 4858: 4848: 4846: 4834: 4830: 4820: 4818: 4806: 4802: 4793: 4792: 4788: 4778: 4776: 4771: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4754: 4744: 4740: 4730: 4728: 4727:on 3 April 2012 4711: 4707: 4692: 4688: 4652: 4646: 4642: 4581: 4577: 4567: 4565: 4557: 4551: 4532: 4522: 4520: 4513: 4509: 4499: 4497: 4488: 4487: 4483: 4473: 4471: 4461: 4457: 4447: 4445: 4435: 4431: 4421: 4419: 4418:on 3 April 2012 4404: 4400: 4390: 4388: 4373: 4369: 4359: 4357: 4342: 4335: 4325: 4323: 4312: 4308: 4298: 4296: 4287: 4286: 4282: 4272: 4270: 4251: 4245: 4241: 4231: 4229: 4222: 4218: 4211:Huffington Post 4203: 4199: 4189: 4187: 4172: 4168: 4158: 4156: 4152:Huffington Post 4143: 4134: 4124: 4122: 4111: 4107: 4097: 4095: 4085: 4081: 4071: 4069: 4068:. 29 April 2010 4060: 4059: 4055: 4045: 4043: 4034: 4033: 4029: 4019: 4017: 4005: 4001: 3994:Huffington Post 3986: 3982: 3972: 3970: 3959: 3955: 3945: 3943: 3932: 3928: 3918: 3916: 3913:Upstream Online 3905: 3896: 3886: 3884: 3879: 3878: 3874: 3864: 3862: 3853: 3852: 3848: 3838: 3836: 3823: 3819: 3806: 3805: 3801: 3791: 3789: 3780: 3779: 3775: 3768: 3754: 3750: 3737: 3736: 3732: 3722: 3720: 3710: 3703: 3693: 3691: 3689:Financial Times 3679: 3675: 3665: 3663: 3648: 3644: 3632: 3631: 3622: 3621: 3609: 3605: 3595: 3593: 3581: 3577: 3567: 3565: 3553: 3544: 3534: 3532: 3523: 3522: 3518: 3508: 3506: 3497: 3496: 3492: 3482: 3480: 3469: 3458: 3448: 3446: 3436: 3429: 3419: 3417: 3407: 3400: 3385: 3381: 3374:Tampa Bay Times 3368: 3367: 3360: 3345: 3338: 3328: 3326: 3315: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3295: 3284: 3280: 3279: 3272: 3262: 3260: 3257:Huffington Post 3251: 3250: 3246: 3236: 3234: 3224: 3215: 3205: 3203: 3190: 3183: 3170: 3169: 3165: 3155: 3153: 3137: 3133: 3123: 3121: 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According to 1180: 1152:Lisa P. Jackson 1101: 1099: 1069: 1056:barrier islands 1028: 1007: 1001: 957: 929:on 2 May 2010. 917: 887:drilling fluids 883:methane hydrate 839: 834: 828: 822: 794: 792: 754:Pensacola Beach 681: 674: 668: 636: 620: 618: 612: 537: 531: 523: 480:and contractor 346: 340:External videos 331: 203: 201: 151: 123: 107: 105: 101: 98: 93: 90: 88: 86: 85: 54: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 15793: 15783: 15782: 15777: 15772: 15767: 15762: 15757: 15752: 15747: 15742: 15737: 15732: 15727: 15722: 15717: 15712: 15707: 15702: 15697: 15680: 15679: 15677: 15676: 15666: 15655: 15652: 15651: 15649: 15648: 15643: 15638: 15633: 15626: 15621: 15614: 15608: 15606: 15602: 15601: 15599: 15598: 15592: 15587: 15582: 15576: 15571: 15566: 15561: 15556: 15551: 15548:Noble Seillean 15543: 15536: 15531: 15526: 15521: 15516: 15511: 15506: 15501: 15496: 15491: 15486: 15480: 15478: 15474: 15473: 15471: 15470: 15462: 15457: 15452: 15447: 15442: 15434: 15426: 15424:ARCO explosion 15421: 15415: 15413: 15409: 15408: 15406: 15405: 15400: 15395: 15390: 15385: 15380: 15378:William D'Arcy 15375: 15373:William Fraser 15370: 15365: 15360: 15355: 15349: 15347: 15343: 15342: 15340: 15339: 15334: 15329: 15324: 15319: 15314: 15309: 15303: 15301: 15297: 15296: 15294: 15293: 15286: 15281: 15276: 15269: 15264: 15259: 15254: 15247: 15240: 15235: 15230: 15222: 15220: 15216: 15215: 15213: 15212: 15207: 15201: 15196: 15190: 15188: 15184: 15183: 15181: 15180: 15175: 15174: 15173: 15163: 15158: 15152: 15150: 15146: 15145: 15143: 15142: 15137: 15129: 15124: 15122:Lightsource BP 15119: 15114: 15108: 15106: 15102: 15101: 15094: 15093: 15086: 15079: 15071: 15062: 15061: 15059: 15058: 15046: 15033: 15030: 15029: 15027: 15026: 15021: 15016: 15011: 15004: 14996: 14987: 14985: 14981: 14980: 14977: 14976: 14974: 14973: 14968: 14963: 14958: 14953: 14952: 14951: 14940: 14938: 14937:Socio-economic 14934: 14933: 14931: 14930: 14925: 14920: 14914: 14912: 14905: 14897: 14896: 14893: 14892: 14890: 14889: 14882: 14875: 14868: 14861: 14854: 14847: 14842: 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York Times 14275: 14267: 14264: 14263: 14262: 14256: 14241: 14236: 14224: 14211: 14208: 14207: 14206: 14201: 14189: 14182: 14179: 14178: 14177: 14167: 14162: 14153: 14144: 14139: 14133: 14123: 14121:Whitehouse.gov 14108: 14107:External links 14105: 14104: 14103: 14083: 14035: 14009:(1–2): 20–29. 13996: 13978: 13941: 13928:The New Yorker 13916: 13913: 13910: 13909: 13898:. 7 March 2012 13883: 13877:Seeger, Pete. 13870: 13856: 13828: 13796: 13785:. 30 July 2013 13768: 13740: 13708: 13690: 13672: 13650: 13619: 13588: 13562: 13536: 13510: 13488: 13463: 13437: 13407: 13382: 13357: 13352:www.amazon.com 13339: 13314: 13293: 13263: 13233: 13212: 13197: 13182: 13164: 13150: 13132: 13117: 13099: 13085: 13058: 13035: 13008: 12982: 12941: 12911: 12885: 12862: 12836: 12811: 12785: 12771: 12748: 12727: 12697: 12675: 12654: 12633: 12607: 12578: 12552: 12530: 12502: 12476: 12457: 12434: 12412: 12381: 12346: 12312: 12280: 12254: 12228: 12197: 12166: 12135: 12109: 12083: 12058: 12029: 12003: 11974: 11942: 11928: 11911: 11882: 11880:, 3 March 2012 11867: 11839: 11813: 11785: 11752: 11726: 11697: 11686:on 26 May 2010 11666: 11647: 11625: 11614: 11588: 11561: 11550:on 5 June 2013 11528: 11499: 11488:on 6 June 2013 11479:BDO Consulting 11460: 11442:(3): 765–795. 11414: 11395: 11369: 11333: 11304: 11269: 11234: 11201: 11175: 11153: 11141: 11106: 11080: 11054: 11028: 11006:whitehouse.gov 10992: 10970: 10948: 10936:Foreign Policy 10922: 10911:. 29 June 2010 10896: 10869: 10847: 10820: 10793: 10766: 10740: 10714: 10687: 10660: 10633: 10607: 10573: 10551: 10518: 10489: 10461: 10435: 10406: 10376: 10365:on 6 July 2010 10346: 10335:on 4 June 2010 10316: 10289: 10251: 10226: 10215:. 15 June 2010 10200: 10178:whitehouse.gov 10163: 10142: 10111: 10100:on 24 May 2024 10081: 10055: 10027: 10000: 9974: 9963:Durio, Katie. 9955: 9924: 9898: 9872: 9836: 9805: 9771: 9745: 9734:on 5 July 2010 9713: 9694: 9671: 9653: 9630: 9609:(3): 499–510. 9589: 9553: 9531: 9512: 9499: 9478: 9461: 9435: 9420: 9394: 9368: 9342: 9314: 9288: 9262: 9236: 9224: 9211: 9187: 9173:Democracy Now! 9159: 9133: 9107: 9078: 9011: 8992: 8970: 8938: 8918: 8901: 8887: 8874:The Australian 8861: 8843: 8822: 8804: 8785: 8759: 8741: 8727: 8713: 8683: 8656: 8630: 8611: 8597: 8583: 8556: 8542: 8515: 8503: 8481: 8455: 8437: 8377: 8351: 8340:on 26 May 2011 8320: 8302: 8295:Jamail, Dahr. 8287: 8261: 8239: 8225: 8203: 8177: 8112: 8051: 8033: 8008: 7979: 7948: 7922: 7889: 7858: 7832: 7814: 7789: 7770: 7756: 7737: 7720: 7703: 7701:, 25 May 2010. 7681: 7669: 7657: 7626: 7590: 7562: 7551:. 25 July 2010 7530: 7525:, 9 June 2010 7505: 7493: 7474: 7458: 7432: 7403: 7373: 7354: 7335: 7264: 7199: 7162: 7154:10.17226/25161 7135: 7109: 7096: 7070: 7051: 7023: 7007: 6993: 6962: 6944: 6926: 6908: 6893: 6871: 6845: 6816: 6793: 6764: 6738: 6719: 6707:Times-Picayune 6693: 6682:on 23 May 2010 6661: 6650:on 21 May 2010 6635: 6613: 6594: 6572: 6546: 6520: 6497: 6463: 6436: 6413: 6392: 6377: 6374:. 17 May 2010. 6363: 6337: 6311: 6285: 6267: 6242: 6224: 6206: 6188: 6169: 6153: 6133:BDO Consulting 6101: 6076: 6054: 5999: 5952: 5926: 5893: 5865: 5837: 5809: 5781: 5749: 5735: 5721: 5695: 5672: 5646: 5637: 5622: 5604: 5581: 5574:Jamail, Dahr. 5566: 5538: 5510: 5488: 5466: 5444: 5418: 5395: 5369: 5343: 5325: 5314:. 15 July 2010 5297: 5270: 5241: 5202: 5171: 5158:Knoxville News 5144: 5133:on 24 May 2010 5118: 5086: 5054: 5028: 4999: 4973: 4951: 4888: 4870: 4856: 4828: 4800: 4786: 4764: 4738: 4705: 4686: 4665:(18): L18605. 4640: 4575: 4530: 4507: 4481: 4455: 4429: 4398: 4367: 4333: 4306: 4280: 4239: 4228:. OilPrice.com 4216: 4197: 4166: 4132: 4121:on 4 July 2013 4105: 4079: 4053: 4027: 3999: 3980: 3953: 3926: 3894: 3872: 3846: 3817: 3799: 3773: 3766: 3748: 3730: 3701: 3673: 3642: 3603: 3575: 3542: 3516: 3490: 3456: 3427: 3398: 3379: 3358: 3336: 3309: 3270: 3244: 3213: 3181: 3163: 3131: 3099: 3068: 3038: 3009: 2966: 2936: 2910: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2903: 2902: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2867: 2866: 2852: 2836: 2833: 2832: 2831: 2804: 2801: 2800: 2799: 2792: 2785: 2764: 2751: 2738: 2717: 2714:Florence Welch 2686: 2677: 2674: 2673: 2672: 2655: 2642:, directed by 2636:The 2015 film 2634: 2611: 2608: 2607: 2606: 2599: 2575: 2574: 2567: 2560: 2553:Margaret Brown 2543: 2530: 2523: 2510: 2503:James Brabazon 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2463:Main article: 2460: 2457: 2424: 2421: 2310:Main article: 2307: 2304: 2291:New York Times 2286:BDO Consulting 2252:Main article: 2241: 2238: 2112:Main article: 2109: 2108:Investigations 2106: 2104: 2101: 2095: 2092: 2037: 2034: 1957: 1956:U.S. reactions 1954: 1949:Main article: 1946: 1943: 1898:and along the 1819: 1816: 1776:Main article: 1773: 1770: 1659:Main article: 1656: 1653: 1464:cardiac arrest 1390:Main article: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1345: 1342: 1297: 1294: 1261: 1258: 1254:bioremediation 1179: 1176: 1096:oil dispersant 1068: 1065: 1027: 1024: 1003:Main article: 1000: 997: 956: 953: 916: 913: 908:drilling riser 838: 835: 824:Main article: 821: 818: 670:Main article: 667: 664: 614:Main article: 611: 608: 580:Gulf of Mexico 533:Main article: 530: 524: 522: 519: 466:cardiotoxicity 438:oil dispersant 387:Gulf of Mexico 362: 361: 342: 341: 333: 332: 330: 329: 322: 315: 307: 304: 303: 302: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 236: 229: 221: 220: 212: 211: 198: 197: 189: 188: 185: 181: 180: 177: 173: 172: 168: 167: 158: 154: 153: 148: 144: 143: 135: 131: 130: 126: 125: 120: 116: 115: 83: 79: 78: 75:Gulf of Mexico 64: 60: 59: 56: 55: 48: 40: 39: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15792: 15781: 15778: 15776: 15773: 15771: 15768: 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15401: 15399: 15396: 15394: 15393:Angela Strank 15391: 15389: 15388:Robert Horton 15386: 15384: 15381: 15379: 15376: 15374: 15371: 15369: 15368:Robert Dudley 15366: 15364: 15361: 15359: 15356: 15354: 15351: 15350: 15348: 15344: 15338: 15335: 15333: 15330: 15328: 15325: 15323: 15320: 15318: 15315: 15313: 15310: 15308: 15305: 15304: 15302: 15298: 15292: 15291: 15290:Thunder Horse 15287: 15285: 15282: 15280: 15277: 15275: 15274: 15270: 15268: 15265: 15263: 15260: 15258: 15255: 15253: 15252: 15248: 15246: 15245: 15241: 15239: 15236: 15234: 15231: 15229: 15228: 15224: 15223: 15221: 15217: 15211: 15208: 15205: 15202: 15200: 15197: 15195: 15192: 15191: 15189: 15185: 15179: 15176: 15172: 15171:Castrol India 15169: 15168: 15167: 15164: 15162: 15159: 15157: 15154: 15153: 15151: 15147: 15141: 15138: 15136: 15130: 15128: 15125: 15123: 15120: 15118: 15115: 15113: 15110: 15109: 15107: 15103: 15099: 15092: 15087: 15085: 15080: 15078: 15073: 15072: 15069: 15057: 15056: 15047: 15045: 15044: 15035: 15034: 15031: 15025: 15022: 15020: 15017: 15015: 15012: 15010: 15009: 15005: 15003: 15001: 14997: 14995: 14993: 14989: 14988: 14986: 14982: 14972: 14971:Response fund 14969: 14967: 14964: 14962: 14961:Investigation 14959: 14957: 14954: 14950: 14947: 14946: 14945: 14942: 14941: 14939: 14935: 14929: 14926: 14924: 14921: 14919: 14916: 14915: 14913: 14911:Environmental 14909: 14906: 14902: 14898: 14888: 14887: 14883: 14881: 14880: 14876: 14874: 14873: 14869: 14867: 14866: 14862: 14860: 14859: 14855: 14853: 14852: 14848: 14846: 14843: 14841: 14840: 14836: 14834: 14831: 14829: 14828: 14824: 14822: 14821: 14817: 14815: 14814: 14810: 14808: 14807: 14803: 14801: 14800: 14796: 14795: 14793: 14789: 14783: 14782: 14778: 14777: 14775: 14771: 14768: 14764: 14758: 14755: 14753: 14750: 14748: 14745: 14744: 14742: 14738: 14728: 14725: 14724: 14722: 14718: 14712: 14709: 14707: 14704: 14702: 14699: 14697: 14694: 14692: 14689: 14688: 14686: 14684: 14680: 14674: 14671: 14669: 14666: 14664: 14661: 14660: 14658: 14656: 14652: 14646: 14645:Darryl Willis 14643: 14641: 14638: 14636: 14633: 14631: 14628: 14626: 14623: 14622: 14620: 14618: 14614: 14611: 14607: 14597: 14594: 14592: 14589: 14587: 14584: 14582: 14580: 14575: 14573: 14570: 14568: 14565: 14563: 14560: 14559: 14557: 14553: 14547: 14544: 14542: 14539: 14537: 14534: 14532: 14529: 14527: 14524: 14523: 14521: 14517: 14511: 14508: 14506: 14503: 14501: 14498: 14497: 14495: 14491: 14488: 14486:organisations 14480: 14472: 14469: 14467: 14464: 14462: 14459: 14457: 14454: 14453: 14452: 14449: 14447: 14444: 14442: 14439: 14437: 14435: 14431: 14430: 14428: 14426: 14422: 14418: 14416: 14408: 14403: 14401: 14396: 14394: 14389: 14388: 14385: 14379: 14376: 14374: 14370: 14367: 14364: 14361: 14360:exploded view 14358: 14357: 14353: 14351: 14348: 14346: 14343: 14342: 14334: 14332: 14328: 14326: 14323: 14320: 14316: 14313: 14310: 14308: 14303: 14302: 14293: 14289: 14286: 14283: 14279: 14276: 14273: 14270: 14269: 14260: 14257: 14255: 14251: 14248: 14246: 14242: 14240: 14237: 14235: 14234:(New Orleans) 14233: 14228: 14227:Full coverage 14225: 14223: 14222: 14217: 14216:Full coverage 14214: 14213: 14205: 14202: 14200: 14196: 14193: 14190: 14188: 14185: 14184: 14176: 14173: 14168: 14166: 14163: 14161: 14159: 14154: 14152: 14148: 14145: 14143: 14140: 14137: 14134: 14131: 14127: 14124: 14122: 14118: 14114: 14111: 14110: 14092: 14088: 14084: 14073: 14069: 14065: 14061: 14057: 14053: 14049: 14045: 14041: 14036: 14032: 14028: 14024: 14020: 14016: 14012: 14008: 14004: 14003: 13997: 13985: 13981: 13975: 13971: 13970:10.1029/GM195 13967: 13963: 13959: 13955: 13951: 13947: 13942: 13930: 13929: 13924: 13919: 13918: 13897: 13896:The A.V. Club 13893: 13892:"Andrew Bird" 13887: 13880: 13874: 13866: 13860: 13845: 13844: 13839: 13832: 13816: 13812: 13811: 13806: 13800: 13784: 13783: 13778: 13772: 13756: 13755: 13750: 13744: 13728: 13724: 13723: 13722:Rolling Stone 13718: 13712: 13704: 13700: 13694: 13686: 13682: 13676: 13661: 13654: 13638: 13634: 13630: 13623: 13607: 13603: 13599: 13592: 13577: 13573: 13566: 13550: 13546: 13540: 13524: 13520: 13514: 13498: 13492: 13477: 13473: 13467: 13451: 13447: 13441: 13425: 13421: 13417: 13411: 13396: 13392: 13386: 13371: 13367: 13361: 13353: 13349: 13343: 13328: 13324: 13318: 13303: 13297: 13281: 13277: 13273: 13267: 13251: 13247: 13243: 13237: 13222: 13216: 13208: 13201: 13193: 13186: 13178: 13174: 13168: 13160: 13154: 13146: 13142: 13136: 13128: 13121: 13113: 13109: 13103: 13095: 13089: 13074: 13073: 13068: 13062: 13055: 13050: 13046: 13045: 13039: 13023: 13019: 13012: 12997: 12993: 12986: 12978: 12972: 12956: 12952: 12945: 12929: 12925: 12921: 12915: 12899: 12895: 12889: 12882: 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11843: 11827: 11823: 11817: 11802: 11801: 11796: 11789: 11774: 11770: 11766: 11759: 11757: 11741: 11737: 11730: 11714: 11710: 11704: 11702: 11685: 11681: 11677: 11670: 11662: 11658: 11651: 11643: 11639: 11632: 11630: 11623: 11618: 11602: 11598: 11592: 11576: 11572: 11565: 11549: 11545: 11544: 11539: 11532: 11516: 11512: 11506: 11504: 11484: 11480: 11473: 11467: 11465: 11449: 11445: 11441: 11437: 11436: 11428: 11421: 11419: 11410: 11406: 11399: 11383: 11379: 11373: 11357: 11353: 11349: 11342: 11340: 11338: 11322: 11318: 11311: 11309: 11293: 11289: 11282: 11280: 11278: 11276: 11274: 11258: 11254: 11247: 11245: 11243: 11241: 11239: 11219: 11212: 11205: 11189: 11188:The Telegraph 11185: 11179: 11163: 11157: 11151: 11145: 11129: 11125: 11121: 11117: 11110: 11095:. 13 May 2010 11094: 11090: 11084: 11068: 11064: 11058: 11043:. 1 June 2010 11042: 11038: 11032: 11024: 11012: 11008: 11007: 11002: 10996: 10980: 10974: 10959: 10952: 10937: 10933: 10926: 10910: 10906: 10900: 10884: 10880: 10873: 10857: 10851: 10835: 10831: 10824: 10808: 10804: 10797: 10781: 10777: 10770: 10755: 10754:New Scientist 10751: 10744: 10729: 10725: 10718: 10701:(Flash video) 10699: 10698: 10691: 10676: 10675: 10671: 10664: 10648: 10644: 10637: 10622: 10618: 10611: 10595: 10591: 10587: 10580: 10578: 10561: 10555: 10539: 10535: 10530: 10522: 10506: 10505: 10500: 10493: 10478: 10477: 10472: 10465: 10450: 10446: 10439: 10424: 10420: 10413: 10411: 10395: 10391: 10387: 10380: 10364: 10360: 10356: 10350: 10334: 10330: 10326: 10320: 10304: 10300: 10293: 10277: 10273: 10272: 10266: 10258: 10256: 10239: 10233: 10231: 10214: 10210: 10204: 10196: 10184: 10180: 10179: 10174: 10167: 10160:. p. 4A. 10159: 10155: 10154: 10146: 10130: 10126: 10122: 10115: 10099: 10095: 10091: 10085: 10070: 10066: 10059: 10044: 10043: 10038: 10031: 10015: 10011: 10004: 9989: 9985: 9978: 9970: 9966: 9959: 9943: 9939: 9933: 9931: 9929: 9913: 9909: 9902: 9887: 9883: 9876: 9861:on 7 May 2012 9857: 9853: 9846: 9840: 9824: 9820: 9816: 9809: 9794:on 3 May 2010 9793: 9789: 9785: 9783: 9775: 9759: 9755: 9749: 9730: 9723: 9717: 9709: 9705: 9698: 9682: 9675: 9667: 9663: 9657: 9641: 9634: 9626: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9608: 9604: 9600: 9593: 9574: 9570: 9566: 9560: 9558: 9541: 9535: 9527: 9523: 9516: 9509: 9503: 9495: 9489: 9482: 9474: 9468: 9466: 9449: 9445: 9439: 9431: 9424: 9409: 9405: 9398: 9383: 9379: 9372: 9357: 9353: 9346: 9331: 9330: 9325: 9318: 9303: 9299: 9292: 9277: 9273: 9266: 9251: 9247: 9240: 9233: 9228: 9221: 9220:Herald-Review 9215: 9208: 9204: 9200: 9197: 9191: 9176:. 7 July 2010 9175: 9174: 9169: 9163: 9148: 9144: 9137: 9122: 9118: 9111: 9096: 9092: 9085: 9083: 9074: 9070: 9065: 9060: 9056: 9052: 9048: 9044: 9040: 9036: 9032: 9028: 9027: 9022: 9015: 9007: 9003: 8996: 8980: 8974: 8959: 8955: 8954: 8949: 8942: 8935: 8933: 8928: 8922: 8915: 8911: 8905: 8897: 8891: 8875: 8871: 8865: 8857: 8853: 8847: 8832: 8826: 8820: 8816: 8813: 8808: 8800: 8796: 8789: 8774: 8770: 8763: 8755: 8751: 8745: 8737: 8731: 8723: 8717: 8701: 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Al Jazeera. 8298: 8291: 8275: 8272:Dahr Jamail. 8268: 8266: 8249: 8243: 8235: 8229: 8221: 8217: 8210: 8208: 8192: 8188: 8181: 8166: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8148: 8144: 8140: 8136: 8133:(1): L01605. 8132: 8128: 8124: 8116: 8108: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8080: 8076: 8073:(7): e42548. 8072: 8068: 8067: 8062: 8055: 8047: 8043: 8037: 8021: 8015: 8013: 7996: 7995: 7990: 7983: 7968: 7964: 7957: 7955: 7953: 7936: 7932: 7926: 7907: 7900: 7893: 7877: 7873: 7869: 7862: 7846: 7842: 7836: 7828: 7824: 7818: 7803: 7799: 7793: 7787: 7783: 7780: 7774: 7766: 7760: 7754: 7750: 7747: 7741: 7735: 7729: 7727: 7725: 7717: 7713: 7707: 7700: 7696: 7690: 7688: 7686: 7679: 7673: 7667: 7661: 7646: 7645: 7640: 7633: 7631: 7614: 7610: 7609: 7604: 7597: 7595: 7579: 7578: 7573: 7566: 7550: 7543: 7537: 7535: 7528: 7524: 7518: 7516: 7514: 7512: 7510: 7503: 7497: 7491: 7487: 7484: 7478: 7471: 7467: 7462: 7447: 7443: 7436: 7429: 7418: 7414: 7407: 7391: 7387: 7380: 7378: 7369: 7365: 7358: 7350: 7346: 7339: 7324: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7296: 7292: 7288: 7284: 7283: 7275: 7268: 7249: 7245: 7241: 7237: 7233: 7229: 7225: 7221: 7217: 7210: 7203: 7195: 7189: 7181: 7177: 7173: 7169: 7165: 7159: 7155: 7151: 7147: 7146: 7139: 7123: 7119: 7113: 7106: 7100: 7085: 7081: 7074: 7067: 7066: 7061: 7055: 7040: 7039: 7034: 7027: 7021:, 2 July 2010 7020: 7016: 7011: 7003: 6997: 6981: 6977: 6973: 6966: 6958: 6954: 6948: 6940: 6936: 6930: 6922: 6918: 6912: 6904: 6897: 6881: 6875: 6860: 6856: 6849: 6833: 6832: 6827: 6820: 6804: 6797: 6778: 6774: 6768: 6753: 6749: 6742: 6734: 6730: 6723: 6708: 6704: 6697: 6678: 6671: 6665: 6649: 6645: 6639: 6631: 6627: 6620: 6618: 6609: 6605: 6598: 6582: 6576: 6560: 6556: 6550: 6534: 6530: 6524: 6509:. Blog.al.com 6508: 6501: 6485: 6481: 6477: 6470: 6468: 6451: 6447: 6440: 6432: 6428: 6424: 6417: 6409: 6405: 6399: 6397: 6389:. ProPublica. 6388: 6381: 6373: 6367: 6352: 6348: 6341: 6326: 6322: 6315: 6300:. 11 May 2010 6299: 6295: 6289: 6281: 6277: 6271: 6265: 6261: 6257: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6238: 6234: 6228: 6221: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6202: 6198: 6192: 6184: 6180: 6173: 6166: 6162: 6157: 6138: 6134: 6127: 6126: 6118: 6116: 6114: 6112: 6110: 6108: 6106: 6090: 6086: 6080: 6072: 6068: 6064: 6058: 6050: 6046: 6042: 6038: 6034: 6030: 6026: 6022: 6021: 6013: 6006: 6004: 5995: 5990:|author= 5983: 5967: 5963: 5956: 5941: 5937: 5930: 5914: 5910: 5909: 5904: 5897: 5882: 5881: 5876: 5869: 5854: 5853: 5848: 5841: 5826: 5825: 5820: 5813: 5798: 5797: 5792: 5785: 5769: 5765: 5764: 5759: 5753: 5745: 5739: 5731: 5725: 5710: 5706: 5699: 5684:. Blog.al.com 5683: 5676: 5660: 5656: 5650: 5641: 5633: 5626: 5618: 5614: 5608: 5592: 5585: 5578:. Al Jazeera. 5577: 5570: 5554: 5550: 5549: 5542: 5527: 5526: 5521: 5514: 5498: 5492: 5476: 5470: 5454: 5448: 5433: 5429: 5422: 5406: 5399: 5384: 5380: 5373: 5357: 5353: 5347: 5339: 5335: 5329: 5313: 5312: 5307: 5301: 5285: 5281: 5278:Wells, Kent. 5274: 5258: 5257: 5256:Boston Herald 5252: 5245: 5230: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5213: 5211: 5209: 5207: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5175: 5159: 5155: 5148: 5132: 5128: 5122: 5107: 5103: 5102: 5097: 5090: 5075:. 28 May 2010 5074: 5070: 5069: 5064: 5058: 5043:. 29 May 2010 5042: 5038: 5032: 5016: 5015: 5010: 5003: 4987: 4983: 4977: 4961: 4955: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4892: 4884: 4880: 4874: 4866: 4860: 4845: 4844: 4839: 4832: 4817: 4816: 4811: 4804: 4796: 4790: 4774: 4768: 4753: 4749: 4742: 4726: 4722: 4721: 4716: 4709: 4701: 4697: 4690: 4681: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4659: 4651: 4644: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4619: 4618:11250/2569780 4614: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4579: 4563: 4556: 4549: 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2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2549: 2544: 2541: 2537: 2536: 2531: 2528: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2515: 2511: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2499: 2494: 2493: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2445: 2440: 2437: 2436: 2429: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2364: 2362: 2358: 2353: 2350: 2346: 2340: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2319: 2313: 2303: 2300: 2295: 2292: 2287: 2281: 2279: 2275: 2270: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2246: 2237: 2234: 2230: 2224: 2221: 2220: 2213: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2196: 2194: 2190: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2155: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2131: 2125: 2121: 2115: 2100: 2091: 2089: 2084: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2055: 2052: 2051:David Cameron 2048: 2044: 2033: 2030: 2025: 2023: 2019: 2011: 2006: 2002: 2000: 1995: 1991: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1962: 1952: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1924: 1920: 1915: 1913: 1912:Charlie Crist 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1888: 1886: 1882: 1877: 1875: 1874: 1869: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1849: 1840: 1835: 1829: 1825: 1815: 1812: 1807: 1805: 1797: 1792: 1784: 1779: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1759: 1754: 1750: 1745: 1743: 1737: 1735: 1731: 1725: 1721: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1697: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1674: 1670: 1668: 1662: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1613: 1609: 1601: 1597: 1595: 1591: 1590: 1585: 1581: 1572: 1571: 1565: 1561: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1538: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1489: 1488:brown pelican 1484: 1480: 1478: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1460: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1412:, 1,503 1411: 1407: 1398: 1393: 1378: 1376: 1370: 1368: 1363: 1360: 1356: 1351: 1341: 1337: 1334: 1330: 1324: 1322: 1317: 1313: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1293: 1291: 1287: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1276: 1270: 1267: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1223: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1200: 1192: 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383:United States 380: 376: 372: 370: 360: 356: 352: 343: 338: 328: 323: 321: 316: 314: 309: 308: 306: 305: 300: 297: 295: 292: 290: 289:Investigation 287: 285: 282: 280: 277: 275: 272: 270: 267: 265: 262: 260: 257: 255: 252: 250: 247: 245: 242: 240: 237: 235: 234: 230: 228: 225: 224: 223: 222: 218: 214: 213: 209: 206: 200: 199: 195: 194: 186: 182: 178: 174: 169: 166: 162: 159: 155: 149: 145: 142: 139: 136: 132: 127: 121: 117: 112: 84: 80: 76: 72: 68: 65: 61: 57: 52: 46: 41: 37: 33: 30: 26: 22: 15628: 15624:BP Structure 15616: 15564:Helios House 15547: 15538: 15465: 15450:Iranian coup 15437: 15436: 15429: 15398:Doug Suttles 15383:Tony Hayward 15300:Sponsorships 15288: 15271: 15249: 15242: 15225: 15149:Subsidiaries 15054: 15041: 15006: 14999: 14991: 14884: 14877: 14870: 14865:Toisa Pisces 14863: 14856: 14849: 14844: 14837: 14833:Loch Rannoch 14832: 14825: 14818: 14811: 14804: 14797: 14779: 14757:Perdido Pass 14635:Doug Suttles 14630:Tony Hayward 14578: 14433: 14414: 14413: 14355: 14330: 14306: 14305:Rig fire at 14291: 14281: 14259:BP Oil Spill 14244: 14230: 14219: 14171: 14157: 14095:. 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