564:
1072:
1580:
47:
1763:, and de-mobilized soldiers. Temporary wooden bridges were put up over destroyed spans. Multiple tracks were disassembled into one smaller working line, equipment assessed and rebuilt. In three months, the railway was working again in a rudimentary form. The Armies of Occupation needed the railways to move coal and the soon to be gathered agricultural harvest. Deutschebahn had a critical shortage of wagons, carriages and locomotives, so much so that the US gave war surplus engines to ensure the movement of freight.
921:
2634:
2067:
2053:
1681:... so long as the railroads were paid by the track kilometer, so many pfennigs per mile. The rate was the same throughout the war, with children under ten going at half-fare and children under four going free. Payment had to be made for only one way. The guards of course had to have return fare paid for them because they were going back to their place of origin ...
679:). The stock already in use had been inherited from the various state railways and comprised a great number of designs, many of them quite old. In fact, the DRG was unable to procure new stock in the numbers it wanted to both for financial reasons and due to delays in upgrading the lines to carry higher
1734:
main railway station. The tour was scheduled to end on 8 May 2008 (the 63rd anniversary of the end of the
European portion of World War II) when the train arrived at Auschwitz. However, it continued to make appearances through 2009, and as of January 2010 the website requests visitors to look for
1685:
Conditions in the wagons were inhumane because no water or food was provided, and sanitary arrangements were minimal, usually a bucket in a corner of the wagon. Although each wagon was intended to hold about 50 people, they were frequently overcrowded and holding 100 to 150 people. No heating was
1755:
targeted locomotives and bombed them. As a result, trains were at a standstill in the spring of 1945. The cities of
Hamburg, Munich, Nuremberg, Frankfort, Dusseldorf, Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden and others were affected. Stations were completely destroyed and wagons and carriage set on fire and
721:
Taking lead from the German Labor Front, the
Deutsche Reichsbahn took part in the conflict of intermarriage in Germany. In August 1933 Robert Ley, leader of Reich Labor, demanded that those administrators working for the German Labor Front be married only to German individuals. The Deutsche
1029:
In all the occupied lands the
Reichsbahn endeavoured to incorporate the captured railways (rolling stock and infrastructure) into their system. Even towards the end of the war the Reichsbahn continued to move military formations. For example, in the last great offensive, the
1686:
provided, so people could freeze in winter and overheat in summer. Deaths in the wagons were frequent among the young, old, sick, and disabled, especially as travel was slow and often lasted many days since the trains had low priority on the tracks. Their small amount of
201:
has been described as "the largest enterprise in the capitalist world in the years between 1920 and 1932"; nevertheless, its importance "arises primarily from the fact that the
Reichsbahn was at the center of events in a period of great turmoil in German history".
1756:
destroyed. Bomb craters and blast seriously damaged the permanent way or rail track. The Allied forces of
Occupation were put in charge and instantly had myriad problems regarding food, lack of housing, fuel, displaced persons and people on the move.
1295:
2036:
On 3 October 1990, the GDR states acceded to the
Federal Republic of Germany. Initially the two railway administrations continued to operate separately, albeit with increasing cooperation, and in 1994 they were merged to form the new
1779:
were transferred to the ownership and administration of the states in whose territory they were situated. For example, on 27 April 1945, the
Austrian railways became independent again as the Austrian State Railway
722:
Reichsbahn took the lead in discriminating against intermarried workers, firing German employees married to Jews and forbidding intermarried
Germans from working there in the future, starting in November 1933.
748:
reached a speed of 200.4 km/h (124.5 mph) during a demonstration run, the
Reichsbahn preferred fast railcars on its high speed network. The potential of these express trains was demonstrated by the
254:("German Imperial Railway Company", DRG), a nominally private railway company, which was 100% owned by the German state. In 1937 the railway was reorganised again as a state authority and given the name
744:
was accelerated. Before that streamlined steam engines had been built, but they were not as economical as the high-speed diesel and electric railcars. Although the Borsig streamlined steam engine, the
589:
398:
908:
As a result of the Reichsbahn Act of 11 July 1939, the Reich Transport Minister became the director general of the Reichsbahn by his office. DorpmĂŒller, who since 1937 was also in charge of the
683:. The locomotive classes taken over from the old state railways, especially those from the Prussia, continued to dominate the scene until the end of the 1930s. They included, for example, the
2426:
828:) and was largely independent by § III 14 of the DRG's company regulations. It was responsible for the electrification of many lines, following the commencement of
1699:), began a 3,000 km (1,900 mi) tour of Germany as a rolling memorial to the thousands of youth and children who were deported from all over Europe, many via the
2228:
Germany's Economy, Currency and Finance: A Study Addressed by Order of the German Government to the Committees of Experts, as Appointed by the Reparations Commission.
1705:, to the camps. A certain amount of controversy has surrounded the train's tour through Germany, in part because of the apparent lack of cooperation on the part of
1588:
1669:
was ready to ship in principle any cargo in return for payment. And therefore, the basic key â price controlled key â was that Jews were going to be shipped to
583:. Following the plan's publication, on 12 February 1924, the Reich government announced the creation of the Deutsche Reichsbahn as a state enterprise under the
1714:(DB AG) concerning such matters as compensation for the use of the DB AG's right of way (during the tour) and the stationing of the train, during its visit to
2795:
1870:) with its headquarters in Speyer. The Operating Association included the railway divisions of Karlsruhe (in the US Zone), Mainz and SaarbrĂŒcken. After the
1125:. As a result, German standard gauge rolling stock had to be used for an additional logistic role within Russia; this required the laying of standard gauge
2409:
2729:
2622:
613:
to operate the national railways. The aim was to earn profits which, under the Dawes Plan, were to be used to contribute to Germany's war reparations.
494:
416:
In the remaining German states, by contrast, the existing state railways continued to be subject to their respective sovereigns, despite the fact that
1465:
640:
was the Reichsbahn released from its financial obligations. In total, about 3.87 billion Goldmarks was paid in reparations to the Allied powers.
2790:
671:
The beginning of the DRG was characterised by the acquisition of new rolling stock built to standard types, such as the standard steam locomotives (
1759:
The Engineering Corps of British and American forces oversaw the partial rebuilding of the lines and cars with local labour from Prisoners-of-War,
1137:
had to convert a total of 16,148 kilometres (10,034 mi) of Soviet trackage to German standard gauge track between 22 June and 8 October 1941.
17:
1690:
was stored separately, sometimes at the station and never left with the train, but examined for valuables which were stolen or resold for profit.
603:
As this was not enough to satisfy the reparations creditors, on 30 August 1924 a law was enacted providing for the establishment of a state-owned
836:, and for the independent trialling and procurement of locomotives and passenger coaches. The Group Administration introduced, for example, the
2785:
2600:
1900:(commonly known as East Germany), on 7 October 1949. One month prior, on 7 September 1949, the railway systems in the three western zones (the
2430:
2810:
2780:
2775:
287:
German states were founded in 1949. East Germany took over the control of the DR on its territory and continued to use the traditional name
2805:
620:
to be paid to the Allied powers, while its original capital was valued at fifteen billion Goldmarks. These terms were later amended in the
2575:
2567:
2554:
2339:
2318:
2293:
420:
had tried in vain to purchase the main railway lines for the Empire. A similar attempt failed in 1875 as a result of opposition from the
854:
In 1933 the Group Administration was disbanded and administration of the railways in Bavaria was taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn.
32:
This article is about the national railways of Germany between the two world wars. For state railways of the post-war East Germany, see
2800:
2171:
1994:
1195:, which was almost exclusively due to the takeover of other national railways. This affected both parts of foreign state railways (in
181:, also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the
1140:
During the war, locomotives in the war zones were sometimes given camouflage livery. In addition, locomotives were painted with the
725:
In 1935 the railway network had a total of 68,728 kilometres (42,706 mi) of line, of which 30,330 km (18,850 mi) was
2655:
1245:
2734:
1473:
1469:
499:
2615:
2100:
2480:
2212:
2021:, classes was carried out in the 1950s. Gradually, however, they were replaced by the more economical and easier-to-maintain
2709:
2650:
2595:
2138:
2115:
2105:
1989:
In the post-war years, the DR in East Germany continued to develop independently of the DB, but very much in parallel. The
363:
1864:
In the French Occupation Zone, the railways were grouped into the Operating Association of the Southwest German Railways (
2724:
993:
489:
2754:
514:
445:("German Reich Railways") came into force on 1 April 1920. This resulted in the merger of the existing state railways (
2714:
2686:
2251:
2185:
2177:
1984:
1918:
1852:
1826:
the Reichsbahn divisions of Augsburg, Frankfurt am Main, Kassel, Munich, Regensburg and Stuttgart (for the railways in
1805:
324:
290:
127:
33:
1844:
The Reichsbahn divisions of Essen, Hamburg, Hanover, Cologne, MĂŒnster (Westfalen) and Wuppertal were grouped into the
2608:
2518:
2464:
2143:
2085:
563:
519:
1381:
2630:
1022:
829:
385:
2406:
764:
the most important railway lines ran in an eastâwest direction. The high-speed lines at that time were on the
537:, the company was formally given the name "Deutsche Reichsbahn" by decree of the Reich Minister of Transport,
2719:
2090:
813:
504:
1915:
On the formation of East Germany on 7 October 1949, the railway system in the Soviet Zone retained the name
1637:
2030:
1990:
1670:
1071:
2591:
2241:
1968:
1874:
was transferred from the French Zone and was given its own state railway â the Railways of the Saarland (
1775:
in 1945 those parts of the Deutsche Reichsbahn that were outside the new German borders laid down in the
909:
793:
637:
584:
1280:
1060:
757:
in its record run on 21 June 1931 when it reached a top speed of 230.2 km/h (143.0 mph).
2749:
1897:
1678:
1367:
568:
509:
1310:
2202:
2128:
2110:
1230:
935:
With the Act for the New Regulation of the Conditions of the Reichsbank and the Deutsche Reichsbahn (
929:
873:
429:
242:), took national control of the German railways, which had previously been run by the German states (
2269:
1286:
Lines in regions that had been German to 1918 and in adjacent areas with a German-speaking minority
1263:
616:
At the same time as the Reichsbahn law was enacted, the company was handed a bill of eleven billion
2394:
1177:
were crucial to the conduct of Germany's military offensives. The preparations for the invasion of
848:
765:
718:
were new goods locomotives built in large numbers, but of course now for a very different purpose.
674:
478:
318:
1884:
division. After the Deutsche Bundesbahn was formed this Operating Association was merged with it.
1579:
1189:
Characteristic of the first six and a half years of this period was the exponential growth of the
271:
2744:
2429:[On the German railway network to Auschwitz: 11,000 children] (in German). Archived from
580:
161:
1005:
314:("Austrian Federal Railways", ĂBB) was founded in 1945, and was given its present name in 1947.
2336:
2312:
2287:
1893:
1126:
833:
63:
1751:
bombers. Marshalling yards, bridges, repair shops, and service facilities were all destroyed.
902:
346:("German Rail", DBAG), technically no longer a government agency but still a 100% state-owned
1052:
381:
2361:
Vol. 1: 1920â1932. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill / London 1999, p. 26
2095:
1923:(DR), despite the connotations of the word "Reich". This was due to the designation of the
1433:
1106:
1018:
470:
1827:
879:
8:
2681:
2026:
1972:
1907:
1729:
1625:
1031:
912:, continued in office as the director general after 1939 under this new legal framework.
550:
436:
347:
332:
298:
122:
1945:
in 1946 the Head Office of the Railways of the American and British Occupation Regions (
1450:
private railways, which the DR had already taken over the operations of in October 1938
46:
2739:
1617:
1613:
1425:
1122:
1056:
999:
704:
458:
454:
425:
2416:, dokumentiert beim Institut fĂŒr Stadtgeschichte, Karmeliterkloster, Frankfurt am Main
1933:, a role it retained until the creation of the unified DBAG at the beginning of 1994.
2532:
Vol 2: 1933â1945, Chapel Hill und London, The University of North Carolina Press 2000
2529:
Vol 1: 1920â1932, Chapel Hill und London, The University of North Carolina Press 1999
2514:
2460:
2247:
2208:
2181:
2133:
2022:
1998:
1952:
1776:
1721:
1429:
967:
had an important logistic role in supporting the rapid movement of the troops of the
896:
789:
726:
462:
417:
2484:
2018:
1948:
Hauptverwaltung der Eisenbahnen des amerikanischen und britischen Besatzungsgebiets
1772:
1629:
1569:
1497:
1012:
987:
938:
Gesetz zur Neuregelung der VerhÀltnisse der Reichsbank und der Deutschen Reichsbahn
761:
752:
713:
625:
617:
1348:
Private railway companies taken over or incorporated into the Deutsche Reichsbahn
2587:
2452:
2413:
2343:
2322:
2297:
2273:
2029:
classes. In general this happened rather later than in the West. In 1970, the DR
1744:
1649:
1332:
1204:
1113:
lines or converting them to German standard gauge. Confounding German plans, the
1109:
on 22 June 1941, the problem arose of transferring troops and materiel to Soviet
769:
629:
610:
593:
538:
410:
402:
389:
377:
223:
217:
182:
145:
52:
2701:
2660:
448:
244:
73:
2525:
The Most Valuable Asset of the Reich: A History of the German National Railway.
2359:
The most valuable asset of the Reich. A history of the German National Railway.
2072:
2012:
1752:
1447:
1436:, Lower Austrian Waldviertel Railway, ViennaâAspang railway, MĂŒhlkreis Railway
1162:" was replaced by the letters "DR". Postal coaches continued to bear the name "
1130:
1102:
841:
740:
In the latter part of the 1930s, the development of high-speed trains like the
700:
659:
186:
2173:
The Most Valuable Asset of the Reich: A History of the German National Railway
1760:
466:
2769:
2676:
2513:. Internationales Archiv fĂŒr Lokomotivgeschichte Vol 14, Slezak, Wien, 1999,
2080:
2058:
2038:
1823:
1706:
1200:
1118:
837:
741:
734:
696:
692:
688:
359:
340:
194:
2004:
920:
2313:
Law relating to the state treaty for the transfer of state railways to the
2120:
2009:
classes being rationalised and withdrawn from service. A major conversion (
1901:
1656:
1633:
1399:
1395:
1317:
1143:
745:
684:
482:
421:
284:
280:
153:
2267:
Information about railroad, history and technology of German state railway
2243:
Constructing Iron Europe: Transnationalism and Railways in the Interbellum
1880:) â the rest of the network of the SaarbrĂŒcken division went into the new
1693:
Beginning in November 2007, a museum train, the "Train of Commemoration" (
1339:
772:(albeit slower there due to the poor state of the tracks), the lines from
373:
2537:
1930:
1804:
Operational control of the rest of the DR was devolved to the respective
1251:
1149:
1110:
983:
730:
474:
190:
2033:
its locomotives in order to conform to new computerised data standards.
376:(now Strasbourg). It was formed after France had ceded the territory of
1592:
1461:
1211:
State railways taken over or incorporated into the Deutsche Reichsbahn
1117:
and Soviet railways managed to withdraw or destroy the majority of its
1094:
785:
633:
621:
576:
1929:
in postwar treaties and military protocols as the railway operator in
792:
to southwest Germany, on which the diesel express trains ran, and the
579:
was a plan to utilize the state railway completely for the payment of
2691:
1674:
1645:
1605:
1601:
1269:
1250:
Only railways located in the regions annexed by the Deutsche Reich ("
1236:
The takeover of rolling stock officially followed on 1 January 1939.
1134:
976:
968:
925:
680:
636:
annually) put a considerable strain on the Reichsbahn. Not until the
263:
1655:
The following is an excerpt from the testimony of Holocaust scholar
885:
From 1925, the director general had a permanent deputy. These were:
409:) and then sold it again to the German Empire. After the end of the
2017:) programme to update steam locomotives and rectify flawed, mainly
1871:
1641:
1321:
1153:
1114:
1039:
220:, which still used the nation-state term of the previous monarchy,
1105:
networks could be used without difficulty. By contrast, after the
369:
Kaiserliche General-Direktion der Eisenbahnen in Elsass-Lothringen
366:, whose Imperial General Division of Railways in Alsace-Lorraine (
2633:
2542:
Die Eisenbahn in Deutschland. Von den AnfÀngen bis zur Gegenwart.
1687:
1196:
1090:
1035:
809:
797:
781:
777:
304:
2204:
Driving Germany: The Landscape of the German Autobahn, 1930â1970
1942:
1715:
1178:
1098:
1086:
1068:, but from November 1939 by the Ostbahn (Generalgouvernement).
1034:(from 16 December 1944), tank formations were transported from
773:
558:
1997:, was extended. The production, conversion and development of
1793:
309:
2427:"Auf dem deutschen Schienennetz nach Auschwitz: 11000 Kinder"
1881:
1748:
1621:
1203:) in the countries annexed by the Deutsche Reich, as well as
1081:
military marked railwayman's carbide burner lantern (c. 1942)
439:
of 11 August 1919, the state treaty on the foundation of the
231:
1148:
symbol (the eagle, Germany's traditional symbol of national
1609:
1604:
of the Reichsbahn were also an important factor during the
647:
1 October 1930: the DRG took over the Bremen Port Railway (
413:
this national "imperial railway" was taken back by France.
193:
from the regional railways of the individual states of the
2052:
1830:) were subordinated to the Senior Control Office US Zone (
1786:
or ĂStB), later renamed as the Austrian Federal Railways (
947:
was placed under Reich sovereignty and was given the name
2337:
Act for the creation of the "Deutsche Reichsbahn" company
2266:
1301:
Gradual takeover of the regions ceded to Belgium in 1920
643:
During the DRG period the following milestones occurred:
353:
2457:
Shoah: The Complete Text of the Acclaimed Holocaust Film
2383:
Schlag nach! â Wissenswerte Tatsachen aus allen Gebieten
1045:
The railways managed by the "Eastern Railway Division" (
667:
1 March 1935: the railways of the Saar were incorporated
1129:. The price was high: Reichsbahn railway staff and the
2576:
Law on the reorganization of the circumstances of the
1181:
saw the greatest troop deployment by rail in history.
862:
At the head of the Reichsbahn was a director general (
541:, on 27 June 1921. In 1922 the old railway divisions (
2001:
initially continued in earnest; older, especially ex-
1640:, for example, thus played a significant role in the
609:("German Imperial Railway Company", DRG) as a public
248:). In 1924 it was reorganised under the aegis of the
236:
in the name of the railway; the monarchical term was
2385:. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig, 1938, p. 341.
2373:. Rudgers University Press, New Jersey, 1996, .p.44.
2048:
1964:
Deutsche Reichsbahn im Vereinigten Wirtschaftsgebiet
1951:) was created. In 1947 it moved its headquarters to
1867:
Betriebsvereinigung der SĂŒdwestdeutschen Eisenbahnen
710:
Not until the procurement programme for the wartime
2511:
Deutsche Reichsbahn in Ăsterreich 1938â1945 (â1953)
1856:under Director General Max Leibbrand in Bielefeld.
1799:
380:in 1871 to the German Empire and the newly created
2481:"'Train of Commemoration' Travels Through Germany"
1978:
915:
2588:Documents and clippings about Deutsche Reichsbahn
1338:Lines located in the pre-1939 Polish district of
2767:
1936:
956:
803:
1652:in recognition of this dark period of history.
857:
295:, while the railway in West Germany became the
210:The company was founded on 1 April 1920 as the
1743:German railways were heavily bombed by Allied
1726:station instead of the more centrally located
1486:Mecklenburg Frederick William Railway Company
2616:
1735:further travel plans at the end of February.
2796:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft locomotives
2239:
2230:Zentral-Verlag GmbH, 1924, pp. 4, 98 and 99.
2169:
2010:
2002:
1962:
1956:
1946:
1924:
1916:
1905:
1896:became a self-declared socialist state, the
1875:
1865:
1846:
1831:
1809:
1787:
1781:
1766:
1727:
1719:
1707:
1700:
1694:
1664:
1190:
1172:
1163:
1157:
1141:
1076:
1061:
1051:) were initially run from that part of the
1046:
962:
948:
942:
936:
863:
823:
817:
750:
711:
672:
657:
648:
604:
559:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (1924â1937)
548:
542:
532:
526:
446:
440:
367:
338:
330:
322:
307:
296:
288:
269:
261:
260:("German Imperial Railway", DRB). After the
255:
249:
237:
229:
221:
211:
2246:. Amsterdam University Press. p. 134.
656:27 June 1933: the DRG's sister company the
547:) were renamed as Reich railway divisions (
485:. The state railways that merged were the:
428:presented a draft Reich Railway Act to the
2623:
2609:
1814:legally existed in four parts until 1949.
1644:within the extermination machinery of the
1316:Lines within the incorporated regions of
830:electric power generation to the railways
707:even continued in production until 1930.
2791:Railway companies disestablished in 1949
2483:. Zug der Erinnerung e.V. Archived from
2451:
1738:
1070:
919:
733:and 10,496 km (6,522 mi) were
562:
337:to form Germany's new national carrier,
1466:Prince Henri Railway and Mining Company
729:, 27,209 km (16,907 mi) were
435:In the wake of the stipulations of the
14:
2768:
2200:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2101:German steam locomotive classification
1833:Oberbetriebsleitung United States Zone
847:Bavaria also continued to use its own
362:, which was founded in 1871, were the
358:The first railways to be owned by the
354:Deutsche Reichseisenbahnen (1920â1924)
228:(German Reich, hence the usage of the
216:("German Imperial Railways") when the
2786:Railway companies established in 1920
2656:History of the railway in WĂŒrttemberg
2604:
1554:SchipkauâFinsterwald Railway Company
1008:(the invasions of Denmark and Norway)
394:Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est
276:("Federal Railway of Austria", BBĂ).
27:Former German national railway system
2811:German companies established in 1920
2781:Defunct railway companies of Germany
2776:History of rail transport in Germany
2651:History of rail transport in Germany
2139:Ranks and insignia of the Reichsbahn
2116:Railway sabotage during World War II
2106:List of DRG locomotives and railcars
1636:from the goods station of the great
1612:were transported like cattle to the
1279:Parts of the Polish State Railways (
982:October 1938: the annexation of the
364:Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
303:("German Federal Railway", DB). The
2806:Companies involved in the Holocaust
2156:
1967:). Following the foundation of the
1941:To conform to the formation of the
1521:EutinâLĂŒbeck Railway Company (ELE)
1309:Parts of the Yugoslavian Railways (
1207:in Germany and in other countries:
994:German occupation of Czechoslovakia
571:in 1928 complete with rank insignia
24:
2687:Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany)
2233:
1985:Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany)
1904:), were reunified and renamed the
1470:William Luxembourg Railway Company
268:in 1938 the DR also took over the
128:Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany)
34:Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany)
25:
2822:
2801:1949 disestablishments in Germany
2548:
2407:Gedenktafel an der GroĂmarkthalle
2194:
2144:Chain boat navigation on the Main
2086:Deutsche Reichsbahn service ranks
1543:ToitzâRustowâLoitz light railway
977:annexation of Austria (Anschluss)
851:for many years after the merger.
575:Among the provisions of the 1924
407:Französische Ostbahn-Gesellschaft
2692:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
2632:
2570:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
2557:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
2170:Mierzejewski, Alfred C. (2014).
2065:
2051:
1991:locomotive classification scheme
1912:(DB â German Federal Railways).
1800:Railways in the occupation zones
1648:. In 1997, the market erected a
1578:
1246:Czechoslovak State Railway (ÄSD)
944:Deutsche Reichsbahn Gesellschaft
606:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
251:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
189:system created after the end of
45:
18:Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
2544:Verlag C. H. Beck, Munich, 1999
2473:
2445:
2419:
2400:
2388:
2376:
2364:
1979:East German Deutsche Reichsbahn
1961:in the United Economic Region (
1839:
1783:Ăsterreichische Staatseisenbahn
1474:Luxemburg Narrow Gauge Railways
1294:Parts of the Belgian Railways (
1107:start of the invasion of Russia
916:Deutsche Reichsbahn (1937â1945)
825:Zentrales Maschinen- und Bauamt
520:Prussian-Hessian state railways
2509:Roland Beier, Hans Sternhart:
2351:
2330:
2306:
2281:
2260:
2221:
2207:. Bergbahn Books. p. 51.
1887:
1859:
1673:, were going to be shipped to
1620:by the Deutsche Reichsbahn in
1532:Kreis Oldenburg Railway (KOE)
1510:WittenbergeâPerleberg Railway
386:French Eastern Railway Company
13:
1:
2149:
2091:DRG locomotive classification
1937:Bizone and creation of the DB
957:World War II and military use
814:Bavarian Group Administration
804:Bavarian Group Administration
2240:Anastasiadou, Irene (2011).
1789:Ăsterreichische Bundesbahnen
1563:
1184:
1156:. On goods wagons the name "
1048:Generaldirektion der Ostbahn
998:September/October 1939: the
868:). The office holders were:
858:Leadership of the Reichsbahn
329:merged with the West German
310:Ăsterreichische Bundesbahnen
7:
2592:20th Century Press Archives
2459:. New York: Da Capo Press.
2044:
1969:Federal Republic of Germany
1902:Federal Republic of Germany
1848:Reichsbahn-Generaldirektion
910:Reich Ministry of Transport
889:1925â1926 Julius DorpmĂŒller
638:Lausanne Conference of 1932
628:and the regular payment of
585:Reich Ministry of Transport
384:had formally purchased the
317:In January 1994, following
205:
10:
2827:
2503:
2180:. pp. v, xiâxii, 26.
2176:. Vol. 1: 1920â1932.
1982:
1898:German Democratic Republic
1877:Eisenbahnen des Saarlandes
1817:
1567:
941:) of 10 February 1937 the
924:1938 military ticket from
892:1926â1933 Wilhelm Weirauch
534:Deutsche Reichseisenbahnen
515:WĂŒrttemberg state railways
495:Mecklenburg state railways
442:Deutsche Reichseisenbahnen
372:) had its headquarters in
213:Deutsche Reichseisenbahnen
31:
2700:
2669:
2643:
2217:– via Google Books.
2129:Transportation in Germany
2111:Rail transport in Germany
1957:
1894:Soviet zone of occupation
1847:
1767:Breakup of the Reichsbahn
1413:Lusatian Railway Company
1231:Austrian Federal Railways
1164:
1158:
1085:In the campaigns against
598:Reichsverkehrsministerium
136:
115:
97:
79:
69:
59:
44:
2670:German railway companies
2638:German railway companies
2523:Alfred C. Mierzejewski:
2357:Alfred C. Mierzejewski:
1632:. These movements using
1264:Lithuanian State Railway
1101:etc. the newly acquired
819:Gruppenverwaltung Bayern
766:Prussian Eastern Railway
675:Einheitsdampflokomotiven
500:Oldenburg state railways
2371:Resistance of the Heart
2201:Zeller, Thomas (2007).
1993:, based on that of the
1382:Brunswick State Railway
1063:Polnischen Staatsbahnen
822:) had its head office (
505:Bavarian state railways
481:under the newly formed
162:Allied-occupied Germany
85:; 104 years ago
2644:German railway history
2011:
2003:
1963:
1955:and called itself the
1947:
1925:
1917:
1906:
1876:
1866:
1832:
1810:
1788:
1782:
1728:
1720:
1708:
1701:
1695:
1683:
1665:
1191:
1173:
1142:
1082:
1077:
1062:
1059:-assigned part of the
1047:
963:
949:
943:
937:
932:
864:
844:railcar into service.
834:Walchensee Power Plant
824:
818:
768:which ran through the
751:
712:
673:
658:
649:
605:
597:
572:
549:
543:
533:
527:
447:
441:
406:
393:
368:
339:
331:
323:
308:
297:
289:
270:
262:
256:
250:
238:
230:
222:
212:
103:; 74 years ago
64:Rail transport company
2395:Ăffentlichkeitsarbeit
1739:Rebuilding after 1945
1661:
1638:Frankfurt Market Hall
1368:LĂŒbeck-BĂŒchen Railway
1171:The logistics of the
1074:
1055:within the so-called
1053:Polish State Railways
923:
566:
551:Reichsbahndirektionen
525:Initially called the
382:Third French Republic
272:Bundesbahn Ăsterreich
239:Deutsches Kaiserreich
74:German state railways
51:DR emblem during the
2300:affecting railways.
2288:Constitution of the
2096:DRG locomotive types
1796:) on 5 August 1947.
1771:With the end of the
1626:covered goods wagons
1591:The wagon monument,
1434:Steyr Valley Railway
1019:Operation Barbarossa
1006:Operation WeserĂŒbung
808:Within the state of
624:. Nevertheless, the
544:Eisenbahndirektionen
510:Saxon state railways
490:Baden state railways
319:German reunification
2682:Deutsche Bundesbahn
2582:Deutsche Reichsbahn
1973:Deutsche Bundesbahn
1958:Deutsche Reichsbahn
1919:Deutsche Reichsbahn
1908:Deutsche Bundesbahn
1806:zones of occupation
1618:extermination camps
1424:In former Austria:
1349:
1212:
1192:Deutsche Reichsbahn
1165:Deutsche Reichspost
1159:Deutsche Reichsbahn
1032:Battle of the Bulge
1011:May/June 1940: the
950:Deutsche Reichsbahn
903:Albert GanzenmĂŒller
701:Bavarian S 3/6
695:(BR 58.10) and the
632:(about 660 million
437:Weimar Constitution
348:joint stock company
333:Deutsche Bundesbahn
325:Deutsche Reichsbahn
299:Deutsche Bundesbahn
291:Deutsche Reichsbahn
257:Deutsche Reichsbahn
199:Deutsche Reichsbahn
178:Deutsche Reichsbahn
123:Deutsche Bundesbahn
101:7 October 1949
41:
40:Deutsche Reichsbahn
2540:and Manfred Pohl:
2412:2015-09-24 at the
2342:2012-02-16 at the
2321:2012-02-16 at the
2296:2012-04-25 at the
2272:2006-04-08 at the
1696:Zug der Erinnerung
1426:Schneeberg Railway
1347:
1210:
1083:
1057:General Government
1000:invasion of Poland
933:
742:"Flying Hamburger"
705:express locomotive
699:(BR 95). The
697:Prussian T 20
693:Prussian G 12
689:Prussian P 10
573:
426:Albert von Maybach
321:, the East German
39:
2763:
2762:
2214:978-1-84545-309-1
2134:Bahnschutzpolizei
2019:wartime austerity
1999:steam locomotives
1971:, it was renamed
1953:Offenbach am Main
1828:WĂŒrttemberg-Baden
1777:Potsdam Agreement
1561:
1560:
1430:Schafberg Railway
1353:Date of takeover
1345:
1344:
1216:Date of takeover
897:Wilhelm Kleinmann
880:Julius DorpmĂŒller
849:signalling system
790:Frankfurt am Main
727:main line railway
714:Kriegslokomotiven
685:Prussian P 8
528:Reichseisenbahnen
418:Otto von Bismarck
173:
172:
83:1 April 1920
16:(Redirected from
2818:
2637:
2636:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2602:
2601:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2487:on 17 April 2008
2477:
2471:
2470:
2453:Lanzmann, Claude
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2423:
2417:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2386:
2380:
2374:
2368:
2362:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2167:
2075:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2016:
2008:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1950:
1928:
1922:
1911:
1879:
1869:
1850:
1849:
1836:) in Frankfurt.
1835:
1813:
1791:
1785:
1773:Second World War
1733:
1725:
1711:
1704:
1698:
1668:
1630:Holocaust trains
1582:
1570:Holocaust trains
1498:Prignitz Railway
1350:
1346:
1276:1 November 1939
1241:19 October 1938
1213:
1209:
1205:private railways
1194:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1147:
1080:
1065:
1050:
1013:Battle of France
992:March 1939: the
988:Munich Agreement
975:March 1938: the
966:
952:
946:
940:
930:Königsberg (Pr.)
867:
842:Class ET 85
827:
821:
794:Silesian Railway
762:Second World War
756:
753:Schienenzeppelin
717:
678:
663:
652:
650:Hafenbahn Bremen
626:Great Depression
608:
592:
554:
546:
536:
530:
452:
444:
401:
371:
345:
336:
328:
313:
302:
294:
275:
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259:
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166:
158:
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111:
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104:
93:
91:
86:
49:
42:
38:
21:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2820:
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2817:
2816:
2815:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2759:
2710:Alsace-Lorraine
2696:
2665:
2639:
2631:
2629:
2568:By-laws of the
2551:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2490:
2488:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2467:
2450:
2446:
2436:
2434:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2414:Wayback Machine
2405:
2401:
2393:
2389:
2381:
2377:
2369:
2365:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2344:Wayback Machine
2335:
2331:
2325:
2323:Wayback Machine
2311:
2307:
2301:
2298:Wayback Machine
2290:Deutsches Reich
2286:
2282:
2276:
2274:Wayback Machine
2265:
2261:
2254:
2238:
2234:
2226:
2222:
2215:
2199:
2195:
2188:
2178:UNC Press Books
2168:
2157:
2152:
2071:
2066:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2047:
1987:
1981:
1939:
1890:
1862:
1842:
1820:
1802:
1769:
1753:Fighter-bombers
1741:
1650:memorial plaque
1628:, now known as
1598:
1597:
1596:
1590:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1572:
1566:
1540:1 January 1943
1507:1 January 1941
1494:1 January 1941
1483:1 January 1941
1410:1 January 1939
1378:1 January 1938
1364:1 January 1938
1359:Network length
1333:Soviet Railways
1187:
1023:Balkan Campaign
971:, for example:
959:
918:
865:Generaldirektor
860:
840:locomotive and
838:Class E 32
806:
800:(now WrocĆaw).
796:from Berlin to
770:Polish corridor
687:(BR 38.10-40),
630:war reparations
611:holding company
588:
581:war reparations
561:
539:Wilhelm Groener
411:First World War
397:
378:Alsace-Lorraine
356:
224:Deutsches Reich
218:Weimar Republic
208:
169:
164:
156:
148:
146:Weimar Republic
139:
132:
107:
105:
102:
89:
87:
84:
55:
53:Weimar Republic
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2824:
2814:
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2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2673:
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2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2585:
2573:
2565:
2550:
2549:External links
2547:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2521:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2472:
2465:
2444:
2433:on 25 May 2015
2418:
2399:
2387:
2375:
2363:
2350:
2329:
2305:
2280:
2259:
2253:978-9052603926
2252:
2232:
2220:
2213:
2193:
2187:978-1469620206
2186:
2154:
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2098:
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2083:
2077:
2076:
2073:Germany portal
2062:
2046:
2043:
2013:Rekonstruktion
1983:Main article:
1980:
1977:
1938:
1935:
1889:
1886:
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1819:
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1568:Main article:
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1529:1 August 1941
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1519:
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1511:
1508:
1504:
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1500:
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1491:
1490:
1489:112.6 km
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1405:187.7 km
1403:
1393:
1392:1 August 1938
1389:
1388:
1387:109.5 km
1385:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1373:160.8 km
1371:
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1322:Upper Carniola
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1259:23 March 1939
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1234:
1228:
1227:18 March 1938
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1183:
1131:railway troops
1103:standard gauge
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735:light railways
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669:
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2677:Deutsche Bahn
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2059:Trains portal
2054:
2049:
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2039:Deutsche Bahn
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2015:
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1524:39.3 km
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1421:1939 to 1940
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1331:Parts of the
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360:German Empire
351:
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30:
19:
2755:WĂŒrttemberg
2702:LĂ€nderbahnen
2661:LĂ€nderbahnen
2581:
2577:
2569:
2560:
2556:
2541:
2524:
2510:
2489:. Retrieved
2485:the original
2475:
2456:
2447:
2435:. Retrieved
2431:the original
2421:
2402:
2397:Bundesarchiv
2390:
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2196:
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2121:
2035:
1988:
1940:
1914:
1891:
1863:
1853:British Zone
1845:
1843:
1840:British Zone
1821:
1808:so that the
1803:
1770:
1761:rubble women
1758:
1742:
1730:Hauptbahnhof
1692:
1684:
1662:
1657:Raul Hilberg
1654:
1599:
1595:, Jerusalem
1551:1 July 1943
1460:Railways in
1448:Czechoslovak
1318:Lower Styria
1268:Railways in
1188:
1170:
1152:) holding a
1144:Hoheitsadler
1139:
1084:
1044:
1028:
1004:April 1940:
960:
934:
907:
884:
874:Rudolf Oeser
861:
853:
846:
807:
759:
739:
731:branch lines
724:
720:
709:
670:
642:
615:
602:
574:
524:
483:German Reich
449:LĂ€nderbahnen
434:
415:
357:
316:
278:
245:LĂ€nderbahnen
243:
209:
198:
177:
176:
174:
154:Nazi Germany
29:
2730:Mecklenburg
2555:Law on the
2538:Lothar Gall
2347:(in German)
2326:(in German)
2302:(in German)
2277:(in German)
1931:West Berlin
1888:Soviet Zone
1860:French Zone
1557:33 km
1518:1 Mai 1941
1513:10 km
1252:Sudetenland
1199:the entire
1150:sovereignty
1121:during its
1111:broad gauge
984:Sudetenland
760:Before the
664:was founded
634:Reichsmarks
475:Mecklenburg
467:WĂŒrttemberg
191:World War I
165:(1945â1949)
157:(1933â1945)
149:(1920â1933)
138:Area served
70:Predecessor
2770:Categories
2740:Palatinate
2578:Reichsbank
2561:Reichsbahn
2150:References
2031:renumbered
2005:LĂ€nderbahn
1926:Reichsbahn
1811:Reichsbahn
1722:Ostbahnhof
1702:Reichsbahn
1666:Reichsbahn
1593:Yad Vashem
1546:7 km
1462:Luxembourg
1457:From 1940
1335:(SĆœD/ĐĄĐĐ)
1291:from 1940
1174:Reichsbahn
1095:Yugoslavia
1093:, France,
1078:Reichsbahn
986:after the
964:Reichsbahn
901:1942â1945
895:1933â1942
878:1926â1945
872:1924â1926
786:Ruhrgebiet
746:no. 05 002
703:(BR 18.5)
681:axle loads
622:Young Plan
577:Dawes Plan
116:Successors
108:1949-10-07
90:1920-04-01
2735:Oldenburg
1718:, at the
1675:Auschwitz
1671:Treblinka
1646:Holocaust
1606:Holocaust
1602:logistics
1564:Holocaust
1446:9 former
1396:Lokalbahn
1340:BiaĆystok
1296:NMBS/SNCB
1270:Memelland
1185:Expansion
1135:Wehrmacht
969:Wehrmacht
926:Rendsburg
618:Goldmarks
590:âčSee Tfdâș
569:conductor
479:Oldenburg
430:Bundesrat
399:âčSee Tfdâș
374:StraĂburg
264:Anschluss
185:national
2580:and the
2491:14 April
2455:(1995).
2410:Archived
2340:Archived
2319:Archived
2294:Archived
2270:Archived
2045:See also
2027:electric
1872:Saarland
1642:genocide
1398:Munich (
1222:Remarks
1154:swastika
1115:Red Army
1040:Ardennes
1021:and the
305:Austrian
206:Overview
60:Industry
2745:Prussia
2720:Bavaria
2594:of the
2590:in the
2504:Sources
1851:in the
1822:In the
1818:US Zone
1688:luggage
1679:Sobibor
1197:Austria
1133:of the
1123:retreat
1091:Denmark
1038:to the
1036:Hungary
832:at the
810:Bavaria
798:Breslau
784:to the
782:Hanover
778:Hamburg
459:Bavaria
455:Prussia
187:railway
106: (
98:Defunct
88: (
80:Founded
2750:Saxony
2517:
2463:
2437:25 May
2250:
2211:
2184:
2124:(film)
2023:diesel
1943:Bizone
1716:Berlin
1622:trains
1384:(BLE)
1370:(LBE)
1233:(BBĂ)
1179:Russia
1099:Greece
1087:Poland
1017:1941:
812:, the
788:, via
780:, via
774:Berlin
594:German
567:A DRG
463:Saxony
403:German
390:French
197:. The
183:German
2725:Hesse
2715:Baden
2315:Reich
2122:Shoah
1882:Trier
1749:USAAF
1443:1940
1356:Name
1328:1941
1311:JĆœ-ĐĐ
1306:1941
1219:Name
1127:track
1075:WWII
1066:(PKP)
471:Baden
453:) of
424:when
232:Reich
2563:law)
2515:ISBN
2493:2008
2461:ISBN
2439:2015
2248:ISBN
2209:ISBN
2182:ISBN
2025:and
1892:The
1747:and
1663:The
1616:and
1610:Jews
1600:The
1320:and
961:The
477:and
285:West
283:and
281:East
279:The
175:The
2596:ZBW
1995:DRG
1794:ĂBB
1792:or
1745:RAF
1624:of
1400:LAG
1281:PKP
1254:")
1168:".
979:and
928:to
776:to
600:).
555:).
531:or
396:or
2772::
2158:^
2041:.
1975:.
1712:AG
1677:,
1659::
1608:.
1476:)
1472:,
1468:,
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1428:,
1402:)
1313:)
1298:)
1283:)
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1089:,
1042:.
953:.
737:.
596::
473:,
469:,
465:,
461:,
457:,
432:.
405::
392::
350:.
343:AG
2624:e
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2610:v
2559:(
2495:.
2469:.
2441:.
2256:.
2190:.
1780:(
1464:(
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816:(
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36:.
20:)
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