3392:
36:
783:
of instruction in the schools, oral communication and teaching is done mostly through
Jaipuri language in the rural areas where Jaipuri speakers are in dominance. Many people in the last years have migrated to Hindi and stopped using Dhundhari altogether and this trend continues. It reduces the actual number of speakers in the census.
765:
Dhundhari vocabulary is somewhat similar to other
Western Indo-Aryan languages, especially Rajasthani. A little similarity can be traced between Dhundhari and Gujarati too. However, elements of grammar and fundamental terminology differ enough to significantly impede mutual intelligibility. Dhundhari
782:
Though
Jaipuri is used as a mother tongue in the home domains, the usage varies since the younger generation use Jaipuri mixed with Hindi. Jaipuri is used in the public places of the locality and the market among the Jaipuri speakers. Though Jaipuri is not taught as a separate subject or as a medium
744:
Nasalization is a suprasegmental phoneme found in
Jaipuri language which occurs with all vowels. Some of the occurrences of nasalized vowels are given below in contrast with non-nasalised vowels. Examples—'Ãguli' means finger where the first letter A(ɐ) is nasalized; 'bɐgicho' is garden in Dhundhari
371:
It is called
Dhundhari as it was mainly spoken in the Dhundhar region. The state was divided into-Marwar, Mewar, Dhundhar, Hadoti, and Vagad. These divisions were based on culture and language. Now there is no such division and the districts which fall in that region are the ones listed above. Most
501:
phonemes and suprasegmental phonemes. There are 6 vowel phonemes and 32 consonantal phonemes in
Jaipuri language. Out of the 32 consonantal phonemes, there are 20 Stops, 2 fricatives, 4 nasals, 2 flaps and 2 lateral and 2 semivowels.
386:
The other opinion is that it is named after a river called Dhundh flowing through this region. Hence the name became
Dhundhar. This tract is the place lying to the southeast of the range of the hills forming the boundary between
863:
3199:
3064:
489:
comparison). It has many cognate words with Hindi. It also shares many words with other
Rajasthani dialects. In some parts, it is also spoken mixed with Hindi and other similar languages.
349:
With some 1.5 million speakers, it is not the largest speaking dialect in
Rajasthan, though fairly used in the regions mentioned above. Dhundhari is spoken widely in and around
3492:
3051:
380:
363:
have been written in
Dhundari by Acharya Kalpa Pt. Todarmalji. The Serampore missionaries translated the New Testament into Jaipuri proper in 1815.
3371:
890:
3433:
2772:
2723:
485:
Modern Dhundhari , which is used in the present time, in Rajasthan shares a 75-80% lexical similarity with Hindi (this is based on a
3487:
2740:
100:
72:
3366:
79:
3497:
883:
53:
3426:
2416:
774:
Dhundhari is generally written in Devanagari script. Though not very much use of written Dhundhari is seen nowadays.
119:
2716:
86:
3482:
3451:
1289:
57:
68:
2068:
1106:
876:
3419:
3356:
2039:
1859:
1705:
1025:
202:
753:
Dhundhari have a structure that is quite similar to Hindustani (Hindi or Urdu). The primary word order is
3477:
3351:
2709:
2602:
2570:
2426:
754:
2136:
858:
303:
2575:
2276:
2250:
1689:
1573:
356:
MacAlister completed the grammatical analysis on 24 February 1884. Books on Jain philosophy, such as
17:
3361:
2471:
1235:
323:
187:
46:
836:"Memoir relative to the progress of the translations of the Sacred Scriptures, in the year 1815"
379:
According to the first opinion, Dhundhari is believed to have drawn its name from the Dhundh or
2917:
2679:
2548:
1824:
1618:
1445:
973:
358:
192:
93:
2795:
2777:
2349:
2162:
1648:
1613:
1608:
1440:
953:
835:
800:
498:
408:
in Bharatpur. Mewati is actually the language of the former Mewat, the abode of the Meos in
3407:
3399:
3274:
3169:
2637:
2612:
2481:
2451:
2308:
2088:
2078:
1888:
1467:
899:
299:
207:
197:
745:
and ɐ is not nasalized. 'pũ:cʰŋo' is 'to wipe’ and again u is the suprasegmental phoneme.
8:
3219:
2684:
2491:
2212:
2197:
2129:
2103:
2093:
2018:
1735:
1525:
1452:
1435:
1180:
1010:
444:) It belongs to the Rajasthani language group and is commonly taken to be a dialect of
383:, which is situated near Jobner in Jaipur District or in the West frontier of the State.
3174:
3134:
3027:
2732:
2496:
2409:
2374:
2146:
1664:
1402:
1092:
1020:
1015:
282:
3329:
3124:
3109:
3012:
2912:
2830:
2820:
2805:
2785:
2689:
2503:
2172:
2141:
2119:
2083:
1925:
1883:
1788:
1730:
1427:
1415:
1324:
1245:
1225:
1147:
1072:
989:
922:
445:
343:
2533:
2519:
801:"Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011"
3284:
3154:
3139:
3119:
3099:
3079:
2997:
2962:
2952:
2871:
2861:
2846:
2825:
2790:
2607:
2597:
2543:
2476:
2379:
2354:
2344:
2323:
2318:
2293:
2232:
2124:
2098:
2061:
2056:
2010:
1956:
1909:
1868:
1819:
1764:
1725:
1674:
1593:
1563:
1510:
1500:
1361:
1356:
1348:
1334:
1284:
1240:
1152:
958:
907:
422:
339:
212:
3334:
3299:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3229:
3224:
3214:
3189:
3164:
3159:
3074:
3037:
3032:
3022:
2982:
2972:
2967:
2942:
2927:
2886:
2876:
2851:
2840:
2652:
2486:
2441:
2328:
2298:
2255:
2207:
2167:
2073:
2023:
1994:
1972:
1904:
1814:
1774:
1740:
1684:
1679:
1638:
1623:
1603:
1598:
1588:
1578:
1568:
1540:
1530:
1520:
1515:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1457:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1329:
1250:
1175:
1131:
1087:
1082:
1067:
1062:
1005:
968:
963:
350:
319:
179:
3403:
3314:
3304:
3294:
3289:
3264:
3239:
3234:
3149:
3129:
3114:
3094:
3084:
3017:
3002:
2987:
2977:
2947:
2881:
2800:
2762:
2662:
2404:
2313:
2245:
2240:
2222:
2202:
1989:
1982:
1951:
1845:
1793:
1633:
1628:
1583:
1558:
1550:
1505:
1475:
1420:
1296:
1205:
1170:
1162:
1126:
1077:
943:
854:
372:
of the Dhundhari-speaking population is in Jaipur and hence, the name Jaipuri.
335:
327:
239:
3471:
3391:
3324:
3319:
3309:
3279:
3269:
3244:
3179:
3007:
2992:
2922:
2856:
2647:
2303:
2217:
2192:
1977:
1319:
1220:
404:
is another dialect of Rajasthani to the northeast, which assumes the form of
331:
3209:
2642:
1410:
486:
375:
The derivation of the name ‘Dhundhari’ is thought to be from two origins.
266:
2932:
1720:
1535:
1041:
757:. Most of the interrogatives used in Dhundhari are different from Hindi.
413:
2937:
1829:
1798:
1769:
868:
388:
246:
2835:
2701:
2619:
2528:
2508:
1200:
1195:
927:
311:
275:
259:
766:
also uses some words of Sanskrit which are not a part of Hindi now.
35:
2957:
2866:
2657:
2399:
1750:
1215:
1210:
1190:
948:
470:
457:
436:
431:
307:
160:
807:. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
3144:
3089:
2815:
2591:
2462:
1935:
1669:
1185:
449:
417:
2907:
1930:
1779:
1754:
1314:
1306:
1230:
1121:
1046:
465:
461:
453:
3184:
2810:
2757:
1745:
1643:
315:
150:
2891:
2446:
1759:
2538:
400:
Dhundhari is primarily spoken in the state of Rajasthan.
318:. Dhundari-speaking people are found in four districts –
3493:
Languages listed as Hindi dialects in latest census
497:The phonemic inventory of Jaipuri consists of both
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3444:
3469:
3461:. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
838:. Serampore, Printed at the Mission press. 1816.
3427:
2717:
884:
395:
434:and the southern parts of Kota. Similarly,
3434:
3420:
2724:
2710:
891:
877:
739:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
898:
468:(in the district of Alwar, Rajasthan),
14:
3470:
2731:
2705:
872:
3386:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
24:
864:Dhundhari-Hindi-English dictionary
27:Rajasthani dialect spoken in India
25:
3509:
848:
769:
577:Consonants in Dhundhari Language
3390:
2594:(unknown further classification)
452:region the abode of Ahirs/Heers
34:
3488:Languages written in Devanagari
45:needs additional citations for
3452:"Jaipuri in India Census 2011"
828:
819:
793:
13:
1:
3372:Scheduled languages in states
786:
760:
748:
3406:. You can help Knowledge by
492:
412:is a further sub-dialect of
366:
172:1,476,446 (2011 census)
7:
10:
3514:
3385:
859:Linguistic Survey of India
304:Indo-Aryan language family
294:(ढूंढाड़ी), also known as
3498:Indo-Aryan language stubs
3347:
3198:
3063:
3050:
2900:
2771:
2750:
2739:
2671:
2628:
2584:
2561:
2517:
2460:
2434:
2425:
2392:
2367:
2337:
2286:
2275:
2268:
2231:
2185:
2155:
2112:
2049:
2038:
2003:
1965:
1944:
1918:
1897:
1876:
1867:
1858:
1838:
1807:
1713:
1704:
1657:
1549:
1466:
1401:
1394:
1347:
1305:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1161:
1140:
1114:
1105:
1055:
1034:
998:
982:
936:
915:
906:
396:Geographical Distribution
273:
257:
252:
236:
176:
166:
156:
146:
141:
136:
2472:Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit
777:
480:
740:Suprasegmental Phonemes
310:region of northeastern
3483:Languages of Rajasthan
2680:Indo-Iranian languages
805:www.censusindia.gov.in
359:Moksha Marga Prakashak
306:. It is spoken in the
2778:Constitution of India
2350:Maharashtrian Konkani
487:Swadesh 207 word list
381:Dhundhakriti mountain
3400:Indo-Aryan languages
2638:Andaman Creole Hindi
2069:Bishnupriya Manipuri
1889:Caribbean Hindustani
900:Indo-Aryan languages
506:Vowels in Dhundhari
54:improve this article
3398:This article about
3200:100,000 – 1 million
2685:Nuristani languages
2417:Mitanni superstrate
1026:Wotapuri-Katarqalai
755:subject–object–verb
578:
507:
300:Rajasthani language
69:"Dhundari language"
3478:Languages of India
3352:Linguistic history
2733:Languages of India
2571:Proto-Indo-Iranian
2452:Early Ardhamagadhi
576:
505:
473:in Jaipur district
448:. It is spoken in
334:and some parts of
3415:
3414:
3380:
3379:
3343:
3342:
3046:
3045:
2699:
2698:
2690:Iranian languages
2557:
2556:
2477:Dramatic Prakrits
2388:
2387:
2363:
2362:
2264:
2263:
2181:
2180:
2137:Rajbanshi (Nepal)
2034:
2033:
1854:
1853:
1700:
1699:
1690:list of languages
1390:
1389:
1343:
1342:
1259:
1258:
1101:
1100:
737:
736:
574:
573:
289:
288:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3505:
3463:
3462:
3456:
3448:
3436:
3429:
3422:
3394:
3387:
3061:
3060:
2901:State-level only
2748:
2747:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2703:
2702:
2576:Proto-Indo-Aryan
2432:
2431:
2355:Canarese Konkani
2284:
2283:
2273:
2272:
2047:
2046:
1874:
1873:
1865:
1864:
1711:
1710:
1399:
1398:
1275:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1112:
1111:
913:
912:
893:
886:
879:
870:
869:
840:
839:
832:
826:
823:
817:
816:
814:
812:
797:
579:
575:
508:
504:
285:
269:
262:
242:
182:
134:
133:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3459:Census of India
3454:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3383:
3381:
3376:
3362:Multilingualism
3339:
3201:
3194:
3066:
3055:
3053:
3042:
2896:
2776:
2767:
2742:
2735:
2730:
2700:
2695:
2694:
2667:
2630:
2624:
2580:
2563:
2553:
2513:
2456:
2442:Ashokan Prakrit
2421:
2384:
2359:
2333:
2278:
2260:
2227:
2177:
2151:
2108:
2041:
2030:
1999:
1961:
1940:
1914:
1893:
1850:
1834:
1803:
1775:Hyderabadi Urdu
1696:
1653:
1545:
1462:
1386:
1339:
1330:Pahari-Pothwari
1301:
1255:
1236:Pahari Kinnauri
1157:
1136:
1097:
1063:Indus Kohistani
1056:Hazara Division
1051:
1030:
994:
978:
932:
902:
897:
851:
844:
843:
834:
833:
829:
824:
820:
810:
808:
799:
798:
794:
789:
780:
772:
763:
751:
742:
495:
483:
440:(also known as
398:
369:
281:
265:
258:
243:
238:
232:
183:
180:Language family
178:
169:
168:Native speakers
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3511:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3465:
3464:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3431:
3424:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3395:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3206:
3204:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3071:
3069:
3065:Over 1 million
3058:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2754:
2752:
2745:
2737:
2736:
2729:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2706:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2634:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2600:
2595:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2525:
2523:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2474:
2468:
2466:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2290:
2288:
2281:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2053:
2051:
2044:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2013:
2007:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1878:
1871:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1757:
1748:
1743:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1715:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1654:
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188:Indo-European
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
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43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3458:
3446:
3408:expanding it
3397:
3382:
3104:
2773:8th schedule
2643:Bombay Hindi
2585:Unclassified
2482:Ardhamagadhi
2309:Berar Deccan
2163:Chittagonian
2156:Chittagonian
1649:Vaagri Booli
1614:Pauri Bareli
1609:Palya Bareli
1574:Dhodia–Kukna
1495:
1264:Northwestern
954:Kundal Shahi
845:
830:
821:
809:. Retrieved
804:
795:
781:
773:
764:
752:
743:
719:Semi Vowels
632:
626:
620:
614:
608:
496:
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441:
435:
427:
421:
420:and that of
409:
406:Braja Bhasha
405:
401:
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295:
291:
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274:
217:
193:Indo-Iranian
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2751:Union-level
2631:and creoles
2613:Lahul Lohar
2492:Maharashtri
2089:Mal Paharia
2079:Kharia Thar
1721:Braj Bhasha
641:Fricatives
414:Braja Bhasa
391:and Jaipur.
302:within the
3472:Categories
3367:Endangered
3170:Rajasthani
3054:unofficial
3013:Rajbangshi
2938:Kamatapuri
2843:(Manipuri)
2534:Apabhraṃśa
2520:Apabhraṃśa
2497:Shauraseni
2213:Bodo Parja
2198:Sambalpuri
2130:Goalpariya
2104:Tanchangya
2094:Noakhailla
2019:Bote-Darai
1830:Fiji Hindi
1799:Sadhukkadi
1770:Judeo-Urdu
1736:Hindustani
1526:Shekhawati
1468:Rajasthani
1453:Saurashtra
1181:Bhadarwahi
1011:Gawar-Bati
787:References
761:Vocabulary
749:Morphology
590:Retroflex
538:Close-mid
389:Shekhawati
346:District.
247:Devanagari
208:Rajasthani
198:Indo-Aryan
80:newspapers
3357:Classical
3175:Surjapuri
3135:Khandeshi
3105:Dhundhari
3056:languages
3028:Sikkimese
2836:Malayalam
2743:languages
2620:Sheikhgal
2564:languages
2529:Abahattha
2509:Paishachi
2410:Classical
2375:Maldivian
2147:Surjapuri
2113:Kamarupic
2015:Kuswaric
1877:Bhojpuric
1665:Khandeshi
1201:Chambeali
1196:Bilaspuri
1093:Mankiyali
1021:Shumashti
1016:Nangalami
928:Kishtwari
825:Dhundhari
681:Laterals
587:Alveolar
584:Bilabial
551:Open-mid
499:segmental
493:Phonology
367:Etymology
312:Rajasthan
292:Dhundhari
276:Glottolog
260:ISO 639-3
218:Dhundhari
137:Dhundhari
18:Dhundhari
3330:Tangkhul
3202:speakers
3125:Haryanvi
3110:Garhwali
3067:speakers
2958:Kokborok
2913:Bhojpuri
2867:Sanskrit
2831:Maithili
2821:Kashmiri
2806:Gujarati
2786:Assamese
2741:Official
2676:See also
2658:Nefamese
2653:Nagamese
2544:Kamarupi
2504:Gāndhārī
2461:Middle (
2400:Sanskrit
2338:Konkanic
2287:Marathic
2277:Marathi–
2269:Southern
2173:Rohingya
2142:Rangpuri
2120:Assamese
2084:Kurmukar
2062:dialects
2042:Kamarupa
1926:Maithili
1919:Maithili
1884:Bhojpuri
1789:Kannauji
1751:Hinglish
1731:Haryanvi
1496:Dhundari
1446:Wadiyara
1428:Jandavra
1416:Gujarati
1403:Gujarati
1325:Khetrani
1290:dialects
1246:Sirmauri
1226:Jaunsari
1216:Mandeali
1211:Pangwali
1191:Bhateali
1148:Garhwali
1107:Northern
1073:Chilisso
949:Brokskat
923:Kashmiri
916:Kashmiri
599:Glottal
593:Palatal
517:Central
471:Kotputli
458:Mundawar
446:Haryanvi
437:Ahirwati
432:Jhalawar
344:Gangapur
308:Dhundhar
283:dhun1238
161:Dhundhar
142:ढूंढाड़ी
110:May 2022
3285:Ladakhi
3190:Varhadi
3155:Marwari
3145:Lambadi
3140:Kumaoni
3120:Harauti
3100:Bundeli
3090:Bajjika
3080:Bagheli
2998:Mundari
2963:Kurmali
2953:Khortha
2872:Santali
2862:Punjabi
2847:Marathi
2826:Konkani
2816:Kannada
2791:Bengali
2763:English
2629:Pidgins
2608:Chinali
2598:Bazigar
2592:Badeshi
2487:Magadhi
2463:Prakrit
2380:Sinhala
2368:Insular
2345:Konkani
2324:Katkari
2319:Phudagi
2299:Varhadi
2294:Marathi
2279:Konkani
2251:Bhunjia
2125:Kamrupi
2099:Sylheti
2057:Bengali
2050:Bengali
2011:Kumhali
1978:Kochila
1966:Tharuic
1957:Kurmali
1945:Sadanic
1936:Bajjika
1910:Khortha
1860:Eastern
1820:Bagheli
1808:Eastern
1765:Deccani
1741:Kauravi
1726:Bundeli
1714:Western
1706:Central
1675:Dawoodi
1670:Lambadi
1594:Bhilori
1564:Bhilali
1511:Marwari
1501:Harauti
1441:Parkari
1395:Western
1362:Kholosi
1357:Jadgali
1335:Saraiki
1285:Punjabi
1278:Eastern
1271:Punjabi
1241:Hinduri
1186:Churahi
1163:Western
1153:Kumaoni
1141:Central
1115:Eastern
1042:Kalasha
1035:Chitral
990:Pashayi
983:Pashayi
959:Kalkoti
855:Jaypuri
660:Nasals
633:g gʱ
631:k kʰ
627:ɟ ɟʱ
625:c cʰ
621:ɖ ɖʱ
619:ʈ ʈʰ
615:d dʱ
613:t tʰ
609:b bʱ
607:p pʰ
511:Vowels
450:Ahirwal
442:Hīrwāṭī
423:Bundeli
418:Karauli
340:Karauli
314:state,
298:, is a
296:Jaipuri
213:Marwari
203:Western
94:scholar
3335:Thadou
3300:Mising
3260:Konyak
3255:Kolami
3250:Kodava
3245:Khotta
3230:Dimasa
3225:Badaga
3215:Angami
3165:Nimadi
3160:Mewari
3130:Kangri
3075:Awadhi
3038:Tamang
3033:Sunwar
3023:Sherpa
3003:Newari
2983:Magahi
2973:Lepcha
2968:Kurukh
2943:Kharia
2928:Gurung
2908:Angika
2887:Telugu
2877:Sindhi
2852:Nepali
2841:Meitei
2775:to the
2562:Proto-
2518:Late (
2427:Middle
2329:Kadodi
2256:Nahari
2233:Halbic
2208:Bhatri
2168:Chakma
2074:Hajong
2040:Gauda–
2024:Danwar
2004:Others
1995:Musasa
1931:Angika
1905:Magahi
1898:Magahi
1869:Bihari
1839:Others
1815:Awadhi
1780:Rekhta
1755:Urdish
1685:Romani
1680:Domari
1658:Others
1639:Vasavi
1624:Pardhi
1604:Magari
1599:Mawchi
1589:Bauria
1579:Dhanki
1569:Chodri
1541:Nimadi
1531:Dhatki
1521:Mewari
1516:Mewati
1491:Gujari
1486:Loarki
1481:Goaria
1458:Vaghri
1382:Sindhi
1377:Memoni
1372:Luwati
1367:Kutchi
1349:Sindhi
1315:Hindko
1307:Lahnda
1251:Sarazi
1231:Kullui
1176:Kangri
1132:Nepali
1122:Doteli
1088:Tirahi
1083:Kalami
1068:Bateri
1047:Khowar
1006:Dameli
969:Palula
964:Ushoji
908:Dardic
811:7 July
700:Flaps
604:Stops
596:Velar
525:Close
514:Front
466:Bansur
462:Tijara
454:Behror
402:Mewati
351:Jaipur
320:Jaipur
157:Region
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3455:(PDF)
3402:is a
3315:Rabha
3305:Nishi
3295:Malto
3290:Lotha
3265:Korku
3240:Karbi
3235:Halbi
3185:Wagdi
3150:Malvi
3115:Gondi
3095:Bhili
3085:Bagri
3052:Major
3018:Sadri
2988:Magar
2978:Limbu
2948:Khasi
2882:Tamil
2811:Hindi
2801:Dogri
2758:Hindi
2663:Vedda
2435:Early
2405:Vedic
2314:Varli
2246:Kamar
2241:Halbi
2223:Kupia
2203:Desia
1990:Majhi
1983:Buksa
1973:Tharu
1952:Sadri
1846:Parya
1794:Sansi
1746:Hindi
1644:Wagdi
1634:Kalto
1629:Gamit
1584:Dubli
1559:Bhili
1506:Malvi
1476:Bagri
1436:Kachi
1432:Koli
1297:Sansi
1206:Gaddi
1171:Dogri
1127:Jumli
1078:Gowro
999:Kunar
944:Shina
937:Shina
778:Usage
563:Open
520:Back
481:Lexis
428:Malvi
336:Sikar
328:Dausa
316:India
151:India
101:JSTOR
87:books
3404:stub
3325:Sora
3320:Sema
3310:Phom
3280:Kuvi
3270:Koya
3180:Tulu
2993:Mizo
2923:Garo
2892:Urdu
2857:Odia
2796:Bodo
2447:Pāli
2304:Andh
2218:Reli
2193:Odia
2186:Odia
1760:Urdu
1551:Bhil
1320:Inku
974:Sawi
813:2018
426:and
410:Dang
342:and
332:Tonk
73:news
3275:Kui
3210:Adi
3008:Rai
2539:Elu
2393:Old
1411:Aer
857:at
430:in
416:in
267:dhd
56:by
3474::
3457:.
3220:Ao
2933:Ho
1536:Od
803:.
729:j
722:w
708:ɽ
705:ɾ
689:ɭ
686:l
674:ŋ
669:ɳ
666:n
663:m
655:h
646:s
568:ä
556:ɐ
546:o
541:e
533:u
528:i
464:,
460:,
456:,
353:.
338:,
330:,
326:,
322:,
3435:e
3428:t
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3410:.
2725:e
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2522:)
2465:)
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