1892:(EPA) issued a final rule to prohibit the manufacture (including importing and exporting), processing, and distribution of DCM in all paint removers for consumer use, effective in 180 days. However, it does not affect other products containing DCM, including many consumer products not intended for paint removal. On April 20, 2023, the EPA proposed a widespread ban on the production of DCM with some exceptions for military and industrial uses. On April 30, 2024, the EPA finalized a ban on most commercial uses of DCM, which mainly banned its application for stripping paint and degreasing surfaces but allowed for some remaining commercial applications, such as chemical production.
35:
353:
214:
1506:
849:
844:
59:
44:
940:
1196:
1901:
943:
1940:. Dichloromethane has been classified as a very short-lived substance (VSLS). Despite their short atmospheric lifetimes of less than 0.5 year, VSLSs can contribute to stratospheric ozone depletion, particularly if emitted in regions where rapid transport to the stratosphere occurs. Atmospheric abundances of dichloromethane have been increasing in recent years.
945:
944:
2329:
Regnault, V. (1839) "De l'action du chlore sur les éthers hydrochloriques de l'alcool et de l'esprit de bois, et de plusieurs points de la théorie des éthers" (On the action of chlorine on the hydrochloric ethers of ethanol and methanol, and on several points of the theory of ethers),
1884:
warned that at least 14 bathtub refinishers have died since 2000 from DCM exposure. These workers had been working alone, in poorly ventilated bathrooms, with inadequate or no respiratory protection, and no training about the hazards of DCM. OSHA has since then issued a DCM standard.
1320:
with chlorine gas at 400–500 °C. At these temperatures, both methane and chloromethane undergo a series of reactions producing progressively more chlorinated products. In this way, an estimated 400,000 tons were produced in the US, Europe, and Japan in 1993.
6560:
1660:
Although DCM is a common solvent in organic chemistry laboratories and is commonly assumed to be inert, it does react with some amines and triazoles. Tertiary amines can react with DCM to form quaternary chloromethyl chloride salts via the
857:
6460:
5410:
824:
1850:
In many countries, products containing DCM must carry labels warning of its health risks. Concerns about its health effects have led to a search for alternatives in many of its applications.
5492:
2983:
Kobayashi A, Ando A, Tagami N, Kitagawa M, Kawai E, Akioka M, Arai E, Nakatani T, Nakano S, Matsui Y, Matsumura M (2008). "Severe optic neuropathy caused by dichloromethane inhalation".
1665:. Secondary amines can react with DCM to yield an equilibrium of iminium chlorides and chloromethyl chlorides, which can react with a second equivalent of the secondary amine to form
1540:
that have a colored bubbling tube above a lamp as a source of heat and a small amount of rock salt to provide thermal mass and a nucleation site for the phase changing solvent.
1709:
makes it an inhalation hazard. It can also be absorbed through the skin. Symptoms of acute overexposure to dichloromethane via inhalation include difficulty concentrating,
5522:
4211:
3979:
3961:
3381:
3359:
3993:
3970:
3910:
919:
4111:
4102:
4072:
4019:
4010:
3931:
1858:
946:
3737:
3186:
2253:
5537:
5527:
4060:
3798:
3751:
2248:[Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese).
4093:
4081:
4043:
3940:
954:
3434:
1601:
Dichloromethane is widely used as a solvent in part because it is relatively inert. It does participate in reactions with certain strong nucleophiles however.
1589:
It has been used as the principal component of various paint and lacquer strippers, although its use is now restricted in the EU and many such products now use
6882:
4144:
4119:
4051:
5512:
5497:
4156:
4135:
3803:
3756:
3714:
3412:
2227:
2013:
1881:
1094:
5482:
5477:
5472:
3828:
3819:
5517:
3308:
1209:
1162:
85:
Methylene bichloride; Methylene chloride gas; Methylene dichloride; Solmethine; Narkotil; Solaesthin; Di-clo; Refrigerant-30; Freon-30; R-30; DCM; MDC
6812:
6546:
5507:
3553:
3322:
6714:
4366:
4204:
2476:
2339:
968:
1877:
6877:
4220:
2392:"Ueber die Wirkung des Chlors auf den Chlorwasserstoffäther des Alkohols und des Holzgeistes, so wie über mehrere Puncte der Aethertheorie"
402:
2342:(Second part. On the action of chlorine on the hydrochloric ether of methanol ), pages 377–380. Regnault gives dichloromethane the name
1873:
voted in 2009 to ban the use of DCM in paint-strippers for consumers and many professionals, with the ban taking effect in
December 2010.
1459:
DCM's volatility and ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds makes it a useful solvent for many chemical processes. In the
6763:
5585:
4242:
4197:
2721:"Reaction of amines with methylene chloride. Evidence for rapid aminal formation from N-methylenepyrrolidinium chloride and pyrrolidine"
1543:
DCM chemically welds certain plastics. For example, it is used to seal the casing of electric meters. Often sold as a main component of
6784:
6470:
6465:
6015:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5729:
5580:
2436:
3323:"Biden-Harris Administration Finalizes Ban on Most Uses of Methylene Chloride, Protecting Workers and Communities from Fatal Exposure"
2366:"Ueber die Einwirkung des Chlors auf die Chlorwasserstoffäther des Alkohols und Holzgeistes und über mehrere Punkte der Aethertheorie"
961:
5940:
5400:
3424:
1561:; specifically it is used during the testing of bituminous materials as a solvent to separate the binder from the aggregate of an
3385:
3178:
3471:
1300:, wetlands, and volcanoes. However, the majority of dichloromethane in the environment is the result of industrial emissions.
773:
3401:
2535:
2029:
746:
1204:
3295:
3135:
Bell BP, Franks P, Hildreth N, Melius J (1991). "Methylene chloride exposure and birthweight in Monroe County, New York".
2245:
1974:
6862:
3263:
2501:
2314:
2241:
3309:"EPA Proposes Ban on All Consumer, Most Industrial and Commercial Uses of Methylene Chloride to Protect Public Health"
6887:
6847:
6808:
6239:
3209:
Recommendation from the
Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits for methylene chloride (dichloromethane)
2042:
367:
3179:"Summary of Regulations Controlling Air Emissions from Paint Stripping and Miscellaneous Surface Coating Operations"
1216:
3208:
2596:
Matteson, Donald S.; Majumdar, Debesh (1983). "Homologation of boronic esters to .alpha.-chloro boronic esters".
1889:
1147:
805:
1528:
that can extract mechanical energy from small temperature differences. An example of a DCM heat engine is the
6872:
6857:
5759:
2246:"RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial"
2121:
1933:
2190:
6842:
6804:
3988:
2912:
2346:(monochlorinated hydrochloric ether). Note: Regnault gives the empirical formula for dichloromethane as C
2249:
905:
300:
209:
2284:(2006) "Chlorinated Hydrocarbons" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
6528:
5639:
1862:
1178:
331:
3337:
2719:
Mills, John E.; Maryanoff, Cynthia A.; McComsey, David F.; Stanzione, Robin C.; Scott, Lorraine (1987).
2510:
1815:
has not been proven. In animal experiments, it was fetotoxic at doses that were maternally toxic but no
848:
171:
5649:
3902:
3464:
3379:
2623:
Mills, John E.; Maryanoff, Cynthia A.; Cosgrove, Robin M.; Scott, Lorraine; McComsey, David F. (1984).
2458:
1949:
1122:
1105:
843:
3429:
1920:) at stations around the world. Abundances are given as pollution free monthly mean mole fractions in
3216:
1969:
1866:
1753:
221:
5664:
5659:
5654:
6892:
6221:
6217:
5390:
3732:
1702:
1544:
991:
348:
2064:
3890:
2806:
2664:"Reaction of N , N -Dimethyltryptamine with Dichloromethane Under Common Experimental Conditions"
1726:
1674:
1574:
1483:
1244:
636:
2425:
6867:
6832:
4406:
3952:
3919:
3865:
2624:
1706:
897:
722:
3419:
2525:
2365:
2147:
6852:
6837:
6751:
6429:
4179:
4001:
3873:
3723:
3698:
3457:
1803:. Research is not yet clear as to what levels may be carcinogenic to humans. DCM crosses the
1800:
1738:
1436:
871:
836:
582:
2508:
6533:
5159:
5034:
4035:
4027:
3881:
3789:
3772:
3742:
3706:
3144:
2873:"Fatal Exposure to Methylene Chloride Among Bathtub Refinishers — United States, 2000–2011"
2568:
2491:
1678:
1551:
hobbyists for joining plastic components together. It is commonly referred to as "Di-clo".
1509:
1425:
1409:
1281:
561:
309:
71:
5623:
2131:, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 2014-05-26)
1554:
It is used in the garment printing industry for removal of heat-sealed garment transfers.
191:
8:
6659:
6542:
5669:
5595:
4684:
4526:
4234:
3780:
3587:
3380:
World
Meteorological Organization, United Nations Environmental Program (15 April 2020).
3264:"COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 276/2010 (Official Journal of the European Union, L 86/7)"
2872:
1870:
1662:
97:
3283:
3148:
2572:
352:
213:
151:
131:
107:
6636:
6299:
6197:
5854:
5487:
4859:
4461:
4164:
3857:
3626:
3596:
3085:
3060:
3036:
3019:
2960:
2935:
2696:
2663:
2340:"Seconde partie. De l'action du chlore sur l'éther hydrochlorique de l'esprit de bois"
1964:
1921:
3156:
2822:
34:
6779:
6550:
6493:
6434:
6202:
5774:
4869:
4646:
4641:
4189:
4127:
3635:
3605:
3160:
3090:
3041:
3000:
2965:
2884:
2853:
2849:
2787:
2779:
2740:
2701:
2683:
2644:
2531:
2521:
2497:
2470:
2310:
2099:
2038:
1929:
1792:
1714:
1602:
1583:
1558:
1348:
1309:
6455:
6121:
5608:
5385:
5355:
5287:
5194:
4864:
4744:
4636:
4348:
4338:
3849:
3656:
3191:
3152:
3080:
3072:
3031:
2992:
2955:
2947:
2845:
2818:
2771:
2732:
2720:
2691:
2675:
2636:
2605:
2576:
2403:
2377:
2285:
1959:
1823:
1757:
1505:
1248:
649:
522:
425:
2836:
Rioux JP, Myers RA (1988). "Methylene chloride poisoning: a paradigmatic review".
2289:
6747:
6612:
6596:
6584:
6538:
6489:
6279:
6274:
6088:
5821:
5674:
4476:
4471:
4333:
4266:
3575:
3509:
3112:
2160:
2083:
1937:
1749:
1004:
686:
273:
3435:
Canadian
Environmental Protection Act Priority Substances List Assessment Report
2760:"Reaction of Dichloromethane with Pyridine Derivatives under Ambient Conditions"
2423:
1681:
and related reagents used in peptide coupling react with DCM in the presence of
6759:
6588:
6497:
6364:
6359:
5783:
4671:
4576:
4451:
4416:
4411:
4297:
4262:
3682:
3644:
1854:
1835:
1769:
1765:
1590:
1548:
1464:
1187:
911:
614:
595:
16:"Di-clo" redirects here. For the anti-inflammatory drug trade named Diclo, see
3439:
3408:
3238:
2951:
2640:
2581:
2552:
2009:
1428:
as well as hydrogen chloride as a byproduct. These compounds are separated by
1420:
The output of these processes is a mixture of chloromethane, dichloromethane,
1076:
1048:
1028:
6826:
6755:
6718:
6592:
6518:
6513:
6503:
6439:
6379:
6309:
6154:
6111:
5317:
5282:
5257:
5069:
4929:
4909:
4904:
4894:
4889:
4789:
4679:
4621:
4616:
4601:
4581:
4571:
4551:
4541:
4531:
4496:
4466:
4456:
4401:
4325:
4272:
4257:
3665:
3567:
3526:
3517:
3357:
3335:
2783:
2759:
2744:
2687:
2679:
2648:
2407:
2381:
2143:
1954:
1830:, sometimes without any other symptoms of overexposure. People with existing
1796:
1697:
Serious health risks are associated with DCM, despite being one of the least
1682:
1631:
1627:
1529:
1521:
1487:
1460:
1440:
1340:
1313:
703:
568:
545:
505:
495:
202:
2807:"Studies on the reactions of HOBt, HOOBt, HOSu with dichloroalkane solvents"
2219:
915:
58:
6627:
6369:
6319:
6289:
6234:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6172:
6167:
6096:
5754:
5719:
5714:
5684:
5633:
5560:
5252:
5242:
5014:
5009:
4999:
4994:
4924:
4749:
4739:
4631:
4591:
4556:
4536:
4521:
4506:
4441:
4436:
4421:
4391:
4386:
4371:
4317:
4307:
3535:
3004:
2888:
2791:
2705:
2551:
Machado, Lorenna; Magnusson, Marie; Paul, Nicholas; Tomkins, Nigel (2016).
1827:
1788:
1537:
1491:
1429:
3164:
3094:
3045:
2996:
2969:
2857:
967:
6709:
6704:
6674:
6654:
6409:
6389:
6339:
6162:
6144:
6139:
6129:
6106:
6101:
6068:
5990:
5831:
5798:
5788:
5644:
5628:
5532:
5415:
5332:
5312:
5302:
5272:
5237:
5189:
5179:
5139:
5134:
5109:
5094:
5054:
5044:
4979:
4949:
4899:
4844:
4819:
4799:
4794:
4759:
4656:
4611:
4566:
4546:
4511:
4486:
4381:
4358:
4282:
4252:
3544:
3480:
3360:"Questions and Answers on Ozone-Depleting Solvents and Their Substitutes"
3076:
1928:
Dichloromethane is not classified as an ozone-depleting substance by the
1917:
1784:
1734:
1525:
980:
43:
6774:
2758:
Rudine, Alexander B.; Walter, Michael G.; Wamser, Carl C. (2010-06-18).
2736:
2609:
953:
6742:
6694:
6689:
6607:
6602:
6508:
6479:
6475:
6384:
6349:
6294:
6284:
6244:
6177:
6005:
5970:
5935:
5930:
5884:
5874:
5803:
5764:
5724:
5709:
5689:
5679:
5618:
5613:
5603:
5570:
5552:
5448:
5395:
5360:
5307:
5297:
5267:
5262:
5199:
5174:
5129:
5104:
5084:
5064:
5059:
5049:
5029:
4984:
4974:
4959:
4919:
4914:
4884:
4839:
4834:
4814:
4804:
4784:
4779:
4769:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4661:
4516:
4431:
4426:
4312:
4302:
4277:
3764:
3690:
1816:
1776:
1421:
1389:
1297:
1269:
960:
572:
539:
477:
450:
222:
182:
17:
2775:
1822:
In people with pre-existing heart problems, exposure to DCM can cause
1112:
25 ppm over 8 hours (time-weighted average), 125 ppm over 15 minutes (
6732:
6684:
6679:
6664:
6622:
6617:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6523:
6419:
6404:
6344:
6329:
6314:
6134:
6045:
6000:
5965:
5955:
5925:
5920:
5905:
5879:
5841:
5836:
5813:
5808:
5793:
5699:
5694:
5575:
5453:
5443:
5435:
5370:
5347:
5327:
5322:
5292:
5277:
5247:
5229:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5184:
5169:
5164:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5114:
5089:
5039:
5024:
5019:
5004:
4989:
4969:
4964:
4954:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4854:
4849:
4824:
4754:
4734:
4704:
4626:
4561:
4491:
4481:
4446:
4343:
4247:
3811:
3444:
2034:
1812:
1761:
1710:
1532:. The toy works at room temperature. It is also used as the fluid in
1513:
1479:
668:
320:
2936:"Carbon monoxide poisoning secondary to inhaling methylene chloride"
2391:
1186:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
6789:
6722:
6699:
6648:
6644:
6640:
6580:
6554:
6414:
6374:
6354:
6334:
6324:
6264:
6259:
6073:
6035:
5985:
5950:
5915:
5910:
5894:
5889:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5846:
5734:
5542:
5419:
5405:
5380:
5375:
5365:
5337:
5124:
5119:
5099:
5079:
5074:
4874:
4829:
4809:
4774:
4764:
4651:
4606:
4596:
4501:
4396:
4376:
4292:
3836:
2424:
Office of
Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (September 2000).
1804:
1722:
1670:
1448:
1444:
1333:
1277:
1261:
1255:
926:
248:
3406:
2007:
1764:. Prolonged skin contact can result in DCM dissolving some of the
130:
6736:
6726:
6485:
6424:
6399:
6394:
6269:
6249:
6229:
6050:
6040:
6025:
6010:
5995:
5980:
5975:
5960:
5945:
5826:
5565:
5425:
4879:
4586:
4287:
3496:
3488:
2087:
1566:
1562:
1533:
1326:
1317:
1285:
1273:
557:
553:
549:
485:
260:
3190:. US Environmental Protection Agency. April 2008. Archived from
2625:"The Reaction of Amines with Methylene Chloride. A Brief Review"
6669:
6632:
6254:
6207:
6078:
6060:
6020:
5704:
5502:
3449:
2718:
2358:
because during that era, chemists used incorrect atomic masses.
1780:
1718:
1686:
1666:
1579:
1467:
1252:
1056:
889:
162:
3358:
3020:"Chemically induced hepatitis after inhaling organic solvents"
2161:"Real time measurement of dichloromethane containing mixtures"
1912:
measured by the
Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (
1677:, react with DCM to form methylene bispyridinium dichlorides.
985:
None, but can form flammable vapor-air mixtures above ≈100 °C
885:
6030:
2805:
Ji, Jian-guo; Zhang, De-yi; Ye, Yun-hua; Xing, Qi-yi (1998).
2224:
Immediately
Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
2124:
in
Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.);
1865:
for DCM of 100 ppm (8-hour time-weighted average) and a
1831:
1808:
1698:
284:
142:
120:
3336:
1900:
1296:
Natural sources of dichloromethane include oceanic sources,
336:
5463:
3298:. Occupational Safety & Health Administration. osha.gov
2982:
2622:
2550:
1839:
1742:
1494:
1475:
1135:
1113:
1062:
881:
471:
239:
2456:
2126:
1859:
Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limit Values
1842:
problems may worsen after exposure to methylene chloride.
3420:
National Pollutant Inventory – Dichloromethane Fact Sheet
1730:
1471:
893:
3134:
1913:
2915:. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
4219:
794:-454.0 kJ/mol (from standard enthalpies of formation)
3413:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2228:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2014:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1882:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1435:
DCM was first prepared in 1839 by the French chemist
2933:
2191:"Methylene Chloride Hazards for Bathtub Refinishers"
877:
2553:"Identification of bioactives from the red seaweed
2433:
Public Health Goals for Chemicals in Drinking Water
1795:in laboratory animals. Other animal studies showed
1512:of dichloromethane showing complicated overlapping
2757:
2304:
6772:Unsorted benzodiazepine site positive modulators:
2629:Organic Preparations and Procedures International
2496:. Vol. 2. Hyperion Books. pp. 175–178.
6824:
3382:"Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2018"
3017:
2595:
2557:that promote antimethanogenic activity in vitro"
272:
3430:IARC Summaries & Evaluations Vol. 71 (1999)
3277:
1811:toxicity in women who are exposed to it during
1756:. Acute exposure by inhalation has resulted in
1439:(1810–1878), who isolated it from a mixture of
942:
106:
3425:Dichloromethane at National Toxicology Program
3113:"Toxicological Profile for Methylene Chloride"
2662:Dunlap, Lee E.; Olson, David E. (2018-05-31).
6883:GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators
4205:
3465:
3445:Sustainable uses and Industry recommendations
2804:
2520:
1878:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
1557:DCM is used in the material testing field of
514:39.75 °C (103.55 °F; 312.90 K)
500:−96.7 °C (−142.1 °F; 176.5 K)
3289:
3058:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2129:, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69
1869:of 200 ppm for a 15-minute period. The
1725:, numbness, weakness, and irritation of the
4221:
2661:
2475:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2307:Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
1582:for cattle, has been found to reduce their
510:39.6 °C (103.3 °F; 312.8 K)
4212:
4198:
3472:
3458:
2835:
2437:California Environmental Protection Agency
2300:
2298:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2270:
1482:. Its volatility has led to its use as an
351:
212:
190:
3106:
3104:
3084:
3035:
2959:
2895:
2695:
2580:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
1768:in skin, resulting in skin irritation or
1268:. This colorless, volatile liquid with a
308:
3407:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
2489:
2483:
2389:
2363:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2051:
2008:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
1936:does not regulate dichloromethane as an
1899:
1895:
1504:
999:556 °C (1,033 °F; 829 K)
3402:International Chemical Safety Card 0058
2934:Fagin J, Bradley J, Williams D (1980).
2457:James2014-04-09T00:00:00+01:00, Emily.
2295:
2267:
2214:
2212:
2139:
2137:
1733:. More severe consequences can include
1630:reacts with methylene chloride to give
1569:to allow the testing of the materials.
347:
6825:
3101:
3018:Cordes DH, Brown WD, Quinn KM (1988).
2240:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2092:
2070:
2026:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1272:-like, sweet odor is widely used as a
203:
4193:
3453:
3239:"EU Banning Most DCM Paint Strippers"
3231:
2178:
2030:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
1596:
1524:allows the chemical to function in a
379:Key: YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
170:
150:
6813:GABA metabolism/transport modulators
2910:
2209:
2134:
6878:Halogen-containing natural products
6430:Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
2911:Hall, Ronald M. (4 February 2013).
2870:
2106:
1986:
1975:Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules
1500:
389:Key: YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYAG
263:
247:
13:
5493:11-Methoxy-12-hydroxydehydrokavain
3110:
2338: : 353–431; see especially:
2020:
1474:as well as to prepare extracts of
938:
42:
33:
14:
6904:
6240:Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate
3395:
2344:éther hydrochlorique monochloruré
2033:(92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL:
1547:, it is also used extensively by
1284:, and miscible with many organic
3479:
2913:"Dangers of Bathtub Refinishing"
2764:The Journal of Organic Chemistry
2725:The Journal of Organic Chemistry
2370:Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie
2195:OSHA-NIOSH Hazard Alert 2013-110
2166:. Health & Safety Laboratory
2027:Haynes, William M., ed. (2011).
1194:
847:
842:
440:
434:
57:
6660:Menthyl isovalerate (validolum)
3373:
3351:
3329:
3315:
3301:
3256:
3201:
3171:
3128:
3052:
3011:
2976:
2927:
2864:
2829:
2798:
2751:
2712:
2655:
2616:
2589:
2544:
2514:
2450:
2417:
2323:
2256:from the original on 2023-08-03
2234:
1890:Environmental Protection Agency
1190:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1083:5000 ppm (guinea pig, 2 h)
5609:Allopregnanolone (brexanolone)
2153:
1156:
806:Occupational safety and health
431:
1:
6805:Receptor/signaling modulators
5361:Ampelopsin (dihydromyricetin)
3157:10.1016/S0013-9351(05)80138-0
3059:Wells GG, Waldron HA (1984).
2823:10.1016/S0040-4039(98)01406-3
2396:Journal für Praktische Chemie
2332:Annales de chimie et physique
2290:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2
2065:Properties of Dichloromethane
1980:
1845:
1669:. At increased temperatures,
1516:of mid IR absorption features
1303:
1291:
1099:(US health exposure limits):
1085:10,000 ppm (rabbit, 7 h)
6555:ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine)
5640:anabolic-androgenic steroids
4422:Butabarbital/Secbutabarbital
4227:receptor positive modulators
3338:"Ozone-Depleting Substances"
2850:10.1016/0736-4679(88)90330-7
2561:Journal of Applied Phycology
1520:The chemical compound's low
1087:12,295 ppm (cat, 4.5 h)
7:
5195:Triflunordazepam (Ro5-2904)
2305:Gribble, Gordon W. (2009).
1943:
1916:) in the lower atmosphere (
1863:occupational exposure limit
1779:, as it has been linked to
1748:DCM is also metabolized to
1692:
1572:Dichloromethane extract of
1510:Near IR absorption spectrum
1280:with water, it is slightly
1179:Dichloromethane (data page)
1089:14,108 ppm (dog, 7 h)
1017:or concentration (LD, LC):
376:InChI=1S/CH2Cl2/c2-1-3/h1H2
29:
10:
6909:
5523:5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroyangonin
3440:Organic Compounds Database
3061:"Methylene chloride burns"
2527:The Shell Bitumen Handbook
2150:. Retrieved on 2014-05-26.
1950:Deuterated dichloromethane
1888:On March 15, 2019, the US
1061:14,400 ppm (mouse, 7
386:InChI=1/CH2Cl2/c2-1-3/h1H2
15:
6863:IARC Group 2A carcinogens
6798:
6448:
6216:
6153:
6120:
6087:
6059:
5773:
5715:Pregnanolone (eltanolone)
5594:
5551:
5462:
5434:
5346:
5228:
4670:
4357:
4258:Chlorobutanol (cloretone)
4233:
4176:
3848:
3681:
3566:
3508:
3487:
3217:European Chemicals Agency
2985:J Ocul Pharmacol and Ther
2952:10.1136/bmj.281.6253.1461
2641:10.1080/00304948409356172
2582:10.1007/s10811-016-0830-7
2493:Physics for Entertainment
2490:Perelman, Yakov (1972) .
2360:Reprinted in German in:
1970:List of organic compounds
1876:In February 2013, the US
1867:short-term exposure limit
1754:carbon monoxide poisoning
1545:plastic welding adhesives
1447:that had been exposed to
1184:
1177:
1172:
1093:
1055:24,929 ppm (rat, 30
1013:
823:
803:
798:
696:
679:
512:decomposes at 720 °C
418:
398:
363:
90:
82:
70:
65:
56:
28:
6888:Sweet-smelling chemicals
6848:Hazardous air pollutants
6809:GABA receptor modulators
6719:sulfonmethane (sulfonal)
2680:10.1021/acsomega.8b00507
2408:10.1002/prac.18400190134
2382:10.1002/jlac.18400330306
2252:(published 2023-04-04).
1593:as a safer alternative.
1484:aerosol spray propellant
1173:Supplementary data page
906:Precautionary statements
3187:NESHAP (Subpart HHHHHH)
2555:Asparagopsis taxiformis
2250:Diário Oficial da União
1752:potentially leading to
1727:upper respiratory tract
1575:Asparagopsis taxiformis
1454:
1245:organochlorine compound
1037:2 g/kg (rabbits, oral)
637:Magnetic susceptibility
6695:Retigabine (ezogabine)
5971:Lirequinil (Ro41-3696)
5538:7,8-Dihydromethysticin
5528:5,6-Dehydromethysticin
4407:Benzylbutylbarbiturate
2127:NIST Chemistry WebBook
2100:"Dichloromethane_msds"
1925:
1861:(SCOEL) recommends an
1824:abnormal heart rhythms
1517:
1035:1.25 g/kg (rats, oral)
949:
47:
38:
3388:on December 18, 2023.
2997:10.1089/jop.2007.0100
2390:Regnault, V. (1840).
2364:Regnault, V. (1840).
1903:
1896:Environmental effects
1801:salivary gland cancer
1739:loss of consciousness
1536:displays and holiday
1508:
1437:Henri Victor Regnault
1276:. Although it is not
948:
46:
37:
6873:Testicular toxicants
6858:Halogenated solvents
6750:constituents (e.g.,
6534:Deuterated etifoxine
5596:Neuroactive steroids
5566:Apronal (apronalide)
5418:constituents (e.g.,
5035:N-Desalkylflurazepam
3077:10.1136/oem.41.3.420
2220:"methylene chloride"
1679:Hydroxybenzotriazole
1651:Li → CHCl + CH
1426:carbon tetrachloride
1241:methylene bichloride
1165:(Psychoactive drugs)
1049:median concentration
931:(fire diamond)
490:1.3266 g/cm (20 °C)
72:Preferred IUPAC name
6843:Aerosol propellants
6543:dihydroergocryptine
5855:Pyrazolopyrimidines
5513:5,6-Dihydroyangonin
5498:7,8-Dihydroyangonin
4685:3-Hydroxyphenazepam
4527:Methylphenobarbital
3286:, February 1, 2013;
3220:(Report). June 2009
3149:1991ER.....55...31B
2811:Tetrahedron Letters
2737:10.1021/jo00385a038
2610:10.1021/om50005a008
2573:2016JAPco..28.3117M
1871:European Parliament
1819:effects were seen.
1663:Menshutkin reaction
1308:DCM is produced by
600:0.13 kPa (−70.5 °C)
523:Solubility in water
458: g·mol
25:
6637:4-O-methylhonokiol
6300:Dichloralphenazone
6198:Methylmethaqualone
5775:Nonbenzodiazepines
5488:Desmethoxyyangonin
5483:11-Hydroxyyangonin
5478:11-Methoxyyangonin
5473:10-Methoxyyangonin
4860:Ethyl carfluzepate
4462:Cyclopentobarbital
3296:Methylene Chloride
2530:. Thomas Telford.
2122:Methylene chloride
1965:Tetrachloromethane
1926:
1922:parts-per-trillion
1703:chlorohydrocarbons
1605:deprotonates DCM:
1597:Chemical reactions
1518:
1237:methylene chloride
1217:Infobox references
1138:(Immediate danger)
950:
608:79.99 kPa (35 °C)
48:
39:
23:
6820:
6819:
6780:MRK-409 (MK-0343)
6551:dihydroergotamine
6494:potassium bromide
6488:compounds (e.g.,
6435:Trichloroethylene
6203:Nitromethaqualone
6122:Pyrazolopyridines
5624:3α-Androstanediol
5518:7,8-Dihydrokavain
4870:Ethyl loflazepate
4647:Thiotetrabarbital
4263:Ethanol (alcohol)
4187:
4186:
2817:(36): 6515–6516.
2776:10.1021/jo100276m
2770:(12): 4292–4295.
2604:(11): 1529–1535.
2537:978-0-7277-3220-0
2459:"Dichloromethane"
2426:"Dichloromethane"
2144:Sigma-Aldrich Co.
2037:. p. 3.164.
1930:Montreal Protocol
1618:+ RLi → HCCl
1603:Tert-butyllithium
1584:methane emissions
1559:civil engineering
1225:Chemical compound
1223:
1222:
1160:
872:Hazard statements
675:0.413 cP (25 °C)
466:Colorless liquid
332:CompTox Dashboard
132:Interactive image
52:
51:
6900:
6539:Dihydroergolines
6456:3-Hydroxybutanal
6089:Piperidinediones
5822:Imidazopyridines
5356:6-Methylapigenin
5288:Hydroxyphenamate
5160:SH-053-R-CH3-2′F
4865:Ethyl dirazepate
4745:Chlordiazepoxide
4637:Thiobutabarbital
4349:Trifluoroethanol
4339:Trichloroethanol
4329:-Pentanol (2M2B)
4223:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4191:
4190:
3850:Tetrasubstituted
3474:
3467:
3460:
3451:
3450:
3416:
3390:
3389:
3384:. Archived from
3377:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3333:
3327:
3326:
3319:
3313:
3312:
3305:
3299:
3293:
3287:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3243:PaintSquare News
3235:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3213:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3183:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3108:
3099:
3098:
3088:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3039:
3015:
3009:
3008:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2963:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2908:
2893:
2892:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2731:(9): 1857–1859.
2716:
2710:
2709:
2699:
2674:(5): 4968–4973.
2659:
2653:
2652:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2567:(5): 3117–3126.
2548:
2542:
2541:
2518:
2512:
2507:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2474:
2466:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2430:
2421:
2415:
2411:
2385:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2302:
2293:
2278:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2216:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2197:. OSHA and NIOSH
2187:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2165:
2157:
2151:
2141:
2132:
2119:
2104:
2103:
2096:
2090:
2081:
2068:
2062:
2049:
2048:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2005:
1960:Trichloromethane
1758:optic neuropathy
1656:
1623:
1501:Specialized uses
1463:, it is used to
1416:
1396:
1372:
1351:
1267:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1158:
1155:
1077:lowest published
1005:Explosive limits
970:
963:
956:
941:
921:
917:
913:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
851:
846:
790:
763:
740:174.5 J/(mol·K)
736:
716:102.3 J/(mol·K)
712:
697:Thermochemistry
650:Refractive index
643:−46.6·10 cm/mol
606:57.3 kPa (25 °C)
534:5.2 g/L (60 °C)
532:15.8 g/L (30 °C)
530:17.5 g/L (25 °C)
528:25.6 g/L (15 °C)
457:
442:
436:
433:
426:Chemical formula
356:
355:
340:
338:
312:
276:
265:
251:
224:
216:
205:
194:
174:
154:
134:
110:
61:
30:
26:
24:Dichloromethane
22:
6908:
6907:
6903:
6902:
6901:
6899:
6898:
6897:
6893:Ozone depletion
6823:
6822:
6821:
6816:
6794:
6752:isovaleric acid
6715:Sulfonylalkanes
6613:Hopantenic acid
6597:tolfenamic acid
6585:flufenamic acid
6547:dihydroergosine
6490:lithium bromide
6449:Others/unsorted
6444:
6305:Dichloromethane
6280:Chloral hydrate
6275:Chloral betaine
6212:
6149:
6116:
6083:
6055:
5784:Cyclopyrrolones
5769:
5675:Etiocholanolone
5590:
5547:
5508:5-Hydroxykavain
5458:
5430:
5342:
5224:
4672:Benzodiazepines
4666:
4477:Ethallobarbital
4472:Enallylpropymal
4353:
4334:Tribromoethanol
4321:-Butanol (2M2P)
4267:alcoholic drink
4229:
4226:
4218:
4188:
4183:
4172:
4168:
4160:
4152:
4148:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4115:
4106:
4097:
4089:
4085:
4076:
4068:
4064:
4055:
4047:
4039:
4031:
4023:
4014:
4005:
3997:
3983:
3974:
3965:
3956:
3948:
3944:
3935:
3927:
3923:
3914:
3906:
3898:
3894:
3885:
3877:
3869:
3861:
3844:
3840:
3832:
3823:
3815:
3807:
3793:
3784:
3776:
3768:
3760:
3746:
3727:
3718:
3710:
3702:
3694:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3660:
3652:
3648:
3639:
3630:
3622:
3618:
3609:
3600:
3591:
3583:
3579:
3562:
3557:
3548:
3539:
3530:
3521:
3510:Monosubstituted
3504:
3500:
3483:
3478:
3398:
3393:
3378:
3374:
3364:
3362:
3356:
3352:
3342:
3340:
3334:
3330:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3294:
3290:
3284:OSHA QuickTakes
3282:
3278:
3269:
3267:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3248:
3246:
3237:
3236:
3232:
3223:
3221:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3194:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3133:
3129:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3109:
3102:
3057:
3053:
3016:
3012:
2981:
2977:
2932:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2909:
2896:
2869:
2865:
2834:
2830:
2803:
2799:
2756:
2752:
2717:
2713:
2660:
2656:
2621:
2617:
2598:Organometallics
2594:
2590:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2519:
2515:
2504:
2488:
2484:
2468:
2467:
2463:Chemistry World
2455:
2451:
2441:
2439:
2428:
2422:
2418:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2328:
2324:
2317:
2303:
2296:
2279:
2268:
2259:
2257:
2239:
2235:
2218:
2217:
2210:
2200:
2198:
2189:
2188:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2148:Dichloromethane
2142:
2135:
2120:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2082:
2071:
2063:
2052:
2045:
2025:
2021:
2006:
1987:
1983:
1946:
1911:
1907:
1898:
1880:(OSHA) and the
1848:
1750:carbon monoxide
1695:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1599:
1503:
1457:
1413:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1344:
1337:
1330:
1325:
1306:
1294:
1266:
1260:
1251:
1229:Dichloromethane
1226:
1219:
1214:
1213:
1212: ?)
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1168:
1139:
1126:
1109:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1060:
1052:
1046:
1036:
1032:
1026:
996:
993:
975:
974:
973:
972:
965:
958:
951:
947:
939:
908:
874:
860:
839:
816:
791:
788:
782:
778:
775:
774:Std enthalpy of
764:
761:
755:
751:
748:
747:Std enthalpy of
737:
734:
727:
724:
713:
706:
689:
674:
673:0.43 cP (20 °C)
663:1.4244 (20 °C)
660:
658:
640:
630:3.25 L·atm/mol
627:
625:
616:
607:
605:
604:19.3 kPa (0 °C)
603:
601:
576:
565:
533:
531:
529:
525:
515:
513:
511:
455:
445:
439:
428:
414:
411:
406:
405:
394:
391:
390:
387:
381:
380:
377:
371:
370:
359:
341:
334:
315:
295:
279:
266:
254:
234:
197:
177:
157:
137:
124:
113:
100:
86:
78:
77:
76:Dichloromethane
21:
12:
11:
5:
6906:
6896:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6818:
6817:
6799:
6796:
6795:
6793:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6768:
6767:
6760:valerenic acid
6745:
6740:
6730:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6589:mefenamic acid
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6498:sodium bromide
6483:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6452:
6450:
6446:
6445:
6443:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6365:Methoxypropane
6362:
6360:Methoxyflurane
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6320:Ethyl chloride
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6226:
6224:
6214:
6213:
6211:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6159:
6157:
6155:Quinazolinones
6151:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6126:
6124:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6093:
6091:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6065:
6063:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5898:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5850:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5779:
5777:
5771:
5770:
5768:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5600:
5598:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5557:
5555:
5549:
5548:
5546:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5469:
5467:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5440:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5352:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5234:
5232:
5226:
5225:
5223:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4577:Propylbarbital
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4452:Crotylbarbital
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4417:Brophebarbital
4414:
4412:Brallobarbital
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4363:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4323:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4298:Methylpentynol
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4239:
4237:
4231:
4230:
4224:
4217:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4194:
4185:
4184:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4079:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4012:
4008:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3977:
3972:
3968:
3963:
3959:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3787:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3687:
3685:
3683:Trisubstituted
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3637:
3633:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3607:
3603:
3598:
3594:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3551:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3477:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3454:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3404:
3397:
3396:External links
3394:
3392:
3391:
3372:
3350:
3328:
3314:
3300:
3288:
3276:
3255:
3230:
3200:
3197:on 2016-11-23.
3170:
3127:
3100:
3051:
3030:(4): 458–460.
3010:
2991:(6): 607–612.
2975:
2946:(6253): 1461.
2926:
2894:
2883:(7): 119–122.
2863:
2844:(3): 227–238.
2828:
2797:
2750:
2711:
2654:
2615:
2588:
2543:
2536:
2524:(2003-09-25).
2513:
2503:978-1401309213
2502:
2482:
2449:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2387:
2376:(3): 310–334.
2355:
2351:
2347:
2322:
2316:978-3211993248
2315:
2294:
2266:
2244:(2023-03-31).
2233:
2208:
2177:
2152:
2133:
2105:
2091:
2069:
2067:. chemister.ru
2050:
2043:
2019:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1945:
1942:
1938:ozone depleter
1909:
1905:
1897:
1894:
1855:European Union
1847:
1844:
1836:nervous system
1770:chemical burns
1694:
1691:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1598:
1595:
1591:benzyl alcohol
1549:model building
1502:
1499:
1456:
1453:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1305:
1302:
1293:
1290:
1264:
1258:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1193:
1192:
1188:standard state
1185:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1152:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1091:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1053:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1001:
1000:
997:
990:
987:
986:
983:
977:
976:
966:
959:
952:
937:
936:
935:
934:
932:
923:
922:
920:P305+P351+P338
909:
904:
901:
900:
875:
870:
867:
866:
861:
856:
853:
852:
840:
835:
832:
831:
821:
820:
817:
814:
811:
810:
801:
800:
796:
795:
792:
786:
780:
772:
769:
768:
767:−124.3 kJ/mol
765:
759:
753:
745:
742:
741:
738:
732:
721:
718:
717:
714:
702:
699:
698:
694:
693:
690:
685:
682:
681:
677:
676:
671:
665:
664:
661:
656:
648:
645:
644:
641:
635:
632:
631:
628:
623:
613:
610:
609:
602:2 kPa (−40 °C)
598:
596:Vapor pressure
592:
591:
588:
579:
578:
574:
563:
542:
536:
535:
526:
521:
518:
517:
508:
502:
501:
498:
492:
491:
488:
482:
481:
474:
468:
467:
464:
460:
459:
453:
447:
446:
443:
437:
429:
424:
421:
420:
416:
415:
413:
412:
409:
401:
400:
399:
396:
395:
393:
392:
388:
385:
384:
382:
378:
375:
374:
366:
365:
364:
361:
360:
358:
357:
344:
342:
330:
327:
326:
323:
317:
316:
314:
313:
305:
303:
297:
296:
294:
293:
289:
287:
281:
280:
278:
277:
269:
267:
259:
256:
255:
253:
252:
244:
242:
236:
235:
233:
232:
228:
226:
218:
217:
207:
199:
198:
196:
195:
187:
185:
179:
178:
176:
175:
167:
165:
159:
158:
156:
155:
147:
145:
139:
138:
136:
135:
127:
125:
118:
115:
114:
112:
111:
103:
101:
96:
93:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
75:
74:
68:
67:
63:
62:
54:
53:
50:
49:
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6905:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6868:Fetotoxicants
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6833:Chloroalkanes
6831:
6830:
6828:
6815:
6814:
6810:
6806:
6803:
6797:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6770:
6769:
6765:
6761:
6757:
6756:isovaleramide
6753:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6738:
6734:
6731:
6728:
6724:
6720:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6650:
6646:
6642:
6638:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6598:
6594:
6593:niflumic acid
6590:
6586:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6556:
6552:
6548:
6544:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6519:Clomethiazole
6517:
6515:
6514:Chlormezanone
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6504:Carbamazepine
6502:
6499:
6495:
6491:
6487:
6484:
6481:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6447:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6380:Nitrous oxide
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6310:Diethyl ether
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6227:
6225:
6223:
6219:
6215:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6160:
6158:
6156:
6152:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6119:
6113:
6112:Pyrithyldione
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6090:
6086:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6066:
6064:
6062:
6058:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5903:
5900:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5857:
5856:
5852:
5851:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5824:
5823:
5819:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5786:
5785:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5776:
5772:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5597:
5593:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5554:
5550:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5461:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5439:
5437:
5433:
5427:
5424:
5421:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5349:
5345:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5318:Phenprobamate
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5283:Hexapropymate
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5258:Difebarbamate
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5227:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5070:Nortetrazepam
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4930:Flutoprazepam
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4910:Flunitrazolam
4908:
4906:
4905:Flunitrazepam
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4895:Flubromazolam
4893:
4891:
4890:Flubromazepam
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4790:Cloniprazepam
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4680:2-Oxoquazepam
4678:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4622:Thialbarbital
4620:
4618:
4617:Tetrabarbital
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4602:Spirobarbital
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4582:Proxibarbital
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4572:Propallylonal
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4552:Phenobarbital
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4542:Pentobarbital
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4532:Narcobarbital
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4497:Heptobarbital
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4467:Difebarbamate
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4457:Cyclobarbital
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4402:Benzobarbital
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4273:Ethchlorvynol
4271:
4268:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4215:
4210:
4208:
4203:
4201:
4196:
4195:
4192:
4181:
4175:
4169:
4163:
4161:
4155:
4153:
4143:
4141:
4134:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4118:
4116:
4110:
4108:
4101:
4099:
4092:
4090:
4080:
4078:
4071:
4069:
4059:
4057:
4050:
4048:
4042:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4026:
4024:
4018:
4016:
4009:
4007:
4000:
3998:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3978:
3976:
3969:
3967:
3960:
3958:
3951:
3949:
3939:
3937:
3930:
3928:
3918:
3916:
3909:
3907:
3901:
3899:
3889:
3887:
3880:
3878:
3872:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3835:
3833:
3827:
3825:
3818:
3816:
3810:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3788:
3786:
3779:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3763:
3761:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3722:
3720:
3713:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3664:
3662:
3655:
3653:
3643:
3641:
3634:
3632:
3625:
3623:
3613:
3611:
3604:
3602:
3595:
3593:
3586:
3584:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3568:Disubstituted
3565:
3559:
3552:
3550:
3543:
3541:
3534:
3532:
3525:
3523:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3489:Unsubstituted
3486:
3482:
3475:
3470:
3468:
3463:
3461:
3456:
3455:
3452:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3387:
3383:
3376:
3361:
3354:
3339:
3332:
3325:. 2024-04-30.
3324:
3318:
3311:. 2023-04-20.
3310:
3304:
3297:
3292:
3285:
3280:
3265:
3259:
3244:
3240:
3234:
3219:
3218:
3210:
3204:
3193:
3189:
3188:
3180:
3174:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3131:
3114:
3107:
3105:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3055:
3047:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3014:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2979:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2930:
2914:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2867:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2801:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2754:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2715:
2707:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2658:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2635:(2): 97–114.
2634:
2630:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2556:
2547:
2539:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2522:Shell Bitumen
2517:
2511:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2486:
2478:
2472:
2464:
2460:
2453:
2438:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2362:
2361:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2326:
2318:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2299:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2280:Rossberg, M.
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2213:
2196:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2162:
2156:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2138:
2130:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2046:
2044:1-4398-5511-0
2040:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1985:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1955:Chloromethane
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1934:Clean Air Act
1931:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1902:
1893:
1891:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1828:heart attacks
1825:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1797:breast cancer
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1766:fatty tissues
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1745:, and death.
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1683:triethylamine
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:chlorocarbene
1629:
1628:Methyllithium
1608:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1539:
1538:bubble lights
1535:
1531:
1530:drinking bird
1527:
1523:
1522:boiling point
1515:
1511:
1507:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1488:blowing agent
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1461:food industry
1452:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1441:chloromethane
1438:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1414:
1398:
1394:
1374:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1314:chloromethane
1311:
1301:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1263:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1218:
1211:
1206:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1125:(Recommended)
1124:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1108:(Permissible)
1107:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1082:
1078:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1041:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
998:
995:
989:
988:
984:
982:
979:
978:
971:
964:
957:
933:
930:
929:
925:
924:
910:
907:
903:
902:
876:
873:
869:
868:
865:
862:
859:
855:
854:
850:
845:
841:
838:
834:
833:
829:
827:
822:
818:
813:
812:
808:
807:
802:
797:
793:
785:
777:
771:
770:
766:
758:
750:
744:
743:
739:
731:
726:
720:
719:
715:
710:
705:
704:Heat capacity
701:
700:
695:
691:
688:
687:Dipole moment
684:
683:
678:
672:
670:
667:
666:
662:
655:
651:
647:
646:
642:
638:
634:
633:
629:
622:
618:
612:
611:
599:
597:
594:
593:
589:
587:
586:
581:
580:
577:
570:
569:diethyl ether
566:
559:
555:
551:
547:
546:ethyl acetate
543:
541:
538:
537:
527:
524:
520:
519:
509:
507:
506:Boiling point
504:
503:
499:
497:
496:Melting point
494:
493:
489:
487:
484:
483:
479:
475:
473:
470:
469:
465:
462:
461:
454:
452:
449:
448:
430:
427:
423:
422:
417:
408:
407:
404:
397:
383:
373:
372:
369:
362:
354:
350:
349:DTXSID0020868
346:
345:
343:
333:
329:
328:
324:
322:
319:
318:
311:
307:
306:
304:
302:
299:
298:
291:
290:
288:
286:
283:
282:
275:
271:
270:
268:
262:
258:
257:
250:
246:
245:
243:
241:
238:
237:
230:
229:
227:
225:
220:
219:
215:
211:
208:
206:
204:ECHA InfoCard
201:
200:
193:
189:
188:
186:
184:
181:
180:
173:
169:
168:
166:
164:
161:
160:
153:
149:
148:
146:
144:
141:
140:
133:
129:
128:
126:
122:
117:
116:
109:
105:
104:
102:
99:
95:
94:
89:
81:
73:
69:
64:
60:
55:
45:
41:
36:
32:
31:
27:
19:
6853:Refrigerants
6838:Halomethanes
6801:
6800:
6771:
6628:Lavender oil
6370:Nitric oxide
6304:
6290:Cryofluorane
6235:Acetophenone
6193:Methaqualone
6188:Mecloqualone
6183:Mebroqualone
6173:Diproqualone
6168:Cloroqualone
6097:Glutethimide
5901:
5853:
5820:
5782:
5755:Testosterone
5720:Progesterone
5685:Hydroxydione
5634:Androsterone
5561:Acecarbromal
5466:constituents
5253:Cyclarbamate
5243:Carisoprodol
5015:Metaclazepam
5010:Menitrazepam
5000:Meclonazepam
4995:Lormetazepam
4925:Flutemazepam
4750:Ciclotizolam
4740:Carburazepam
4632:Thiobarbital
4592:Secobarbital
4557:Phetharbital
4537:Nealbarbital
4522:Methohexital
4507:Hexobarbital
4442:Butallylonal
4437:Butobarbital
4392:Barbexaclone
4387:Aprobarbital
4372:Allobarbital
4359:Barbiturates
4326:
4318:
4308:Petrichloral
3614:
3481:Halomethanes
3386:the original
3375:
3363:. Retrieved
3353:
3341:. Retrieved
3331:
3317:
3303:
3291:
3279:
3268:. Retrieved
3266:. 2010-04-01
3258:
3247:. Retrieved
3245:. 2012-03-09
3242:
3233:
3222:. Retrieved
3215:
3203:
3192:the original
3185:
3173:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3119:. Retrieved
3068:
3065:Br J Ind Med
3064:
3054:
3027:
3023:
3013:
2988:
2984:
2978:
2943:
2939:
2929:
2917:. Retrieved
2880:
2876:
2871:CDC (2012).
2866:
2841:
2837:
2831:
2814:
2810:
2800:
2767:
2763:
2753:
2728:
2724:
2714:
2671:
2667:
2657:
2632:
2628:
2618:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2546:
2526:
2516:
2492:
2485:
2462:
2452:
2440:. Retrieved
2432:
2419:
2399:
2395:
2373:
2369:
2343:
2335:
2334:, series 2,
2331:
2325:
2309:. Springer.
2306:
2281:
2258:. Retrieved
2236:
2223:
2199:. Retrieved
2194:
2168:. Retrieved
2155:
2125:
2094:
2028:
2022:
1927:
1887:
1875:
1852:
1849:
1821:
1777:carcinogenic
1774:
1747:
1696:
1659:
1626:
1600:
1588:
1578:, a seaweed
1573:
1571:
1556:
1553:
1542:
1519:
1492:polyurethane
1465:decaffeinate
1458:
1434:
1430:distillation
1419:
1307:
1295:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1148:Legal status
1095:
1014:
992:Autoignition
927:
863:
825:
804:
783:
756:
729:
708:
653:
620:
584:
544:Miscible in
516:at 760 mmHg
285:RTECS number
91:Identifiers
83:Other names
6710:Stiripentol
6705:Seproxetine
6675:Niacinamide
6655:Loreclezole
6476:Avermectins
6440:Vinyl ether
6410:Sevoflurane
6390:Paraldehyde
6340:Halopropane
6163:Afloqualone
6145:Tracazolate
6140:ICI-190,622
6130:Cartazolate
6107:Piperidione
6102:Methyprylon
6069:Fospropofol
5991:Pipequaline
5799:Pazinaclone
5789:Eszopiclone
5645:Cholesterol
5629:Androstenol
5553:Monoureides
5533:Methysticin
5333:Tetrabamate
5313:Pentabamate
5303:Meprobamate
5273:Febarbamate
5238:Carisbamate
5190:Triflubazam
5180:Tolufazepam
5140:Rilmazafone
5135:Remimazolam
5110:Proflazepam
5095:Pivoxazepam
5055:Nitrazepate
5045:Nimetazepam
4980:Lopirazepam
4950:Haloxazolam
4900:Fludiazepam
4845:Doxefazepam
4820:Delorazepam
4800:Clotiazepam
4795:Clorazepate
4760:Cinolazepam
4657:Vinbarbital
4612:Tetrabamate
4567:Probarbital
4547:Phenallymal
4512:Metharbital
4487:Febarbamate
4382:Amobarbital
4283:Isopropanol
4253:Chloralodol
3143:(1): 31–9.
3137:Environ Res
2838:J Emerg Med
2412:See p. 210.
2402:: 193–218.
2386:See p. 328.
1918:troposphere
1817:teratogenic
1735:suffocation
1705:. Its high
1526:heat engine
1480:flavourings
1029:median dose
1015:Lethal dose
994:temperature
981:Flash point
858:Signal word
815:Eye hazards
809:(OHS/OSH):
615:Henry's law
463:Appearance
419:Properties
210:100.000.763
172:ChEMBL45967
152:CHEBI:15767
6827:Categories
6743:Topiramate
6733:Terpenoids
6690:Propanidid
6680:Org 25,435
6608:Flupirtine
6603:Fluoxetine
6509:Chloralose
6480:ivermectin
6385:Norflurane
6350:Isoflurane
6295:Desflurane
6285:Chloroform
6245:Aliflurane
6178:Etaqualone
6006:SB-205,384
5936:CP-615,003
5931:CL-218,872
5885:Panadiplon
5875:Lorediplon
5804:Suproclone
5765:Zuranolone
5725:Renanolone
5710:Posovolone
5690:Minaxolone
5680:Ganaxolone
5619:Alfaxalone
5614:Alfadolone
5604:Acebrochol
5571:Bromisoval
5449:Metomidate
5436:Imidazoles
5396:Hispidulin
5348:Flavonoids
5308:Nisobamate
5298:Mebutamate
5268:Ethinamate
5263:Emylcamate
5230:Carbamates
5200:Tuclazepam
5175:Tetrazepam
5130:Reclazepam
5105:Premazepam
5085:Phenazepam
5065:Nordazepam
5060:Nitrazolam
5050:Nitrazepam
5030:Motrazepam
4985:Loprazolam
4975:Lofendazam
4960:Imidazenil
4920:Flutazolam
4915:Flurazepam
4885:Fletazepam
4840:Dimdazenil
4835:Diclazepam
4815:Cyprazepam
4805:Cloxazolam
4785:Clonazolam
4780:Clonazepam
4770:Climazolam
4730:Brotizolam
4725:Bromazolam
4720:Bromazepam
4715:Bretazenil
4710:Bentazepam
4700:Arfendazam
4695:Alprazolam
4690:Adinazolam
4662:Vinylbital
4642:Thiopental
4517:Methitural
4432:Buthalital
4427:Butalbital
4278:Isobutanol
3270:2012-02-07
3249:2023-09-07
3224:2023-09-07
3121:2006-09-10
3071:(3): 420.
3024:West J Med
2919:21 January
2260:2023-08-16
2201:22 January
1981:References
1932:. The US
1846:Regulation
1775:It may be
1707:volatility
1685:, forming
1673:including
1478:and other
1422:chloroform
1304:Production
1298:macroalgae
1292:Occurrence
1270:chloroform
837:Pictograms
776:combustion
680:Structure
540:Solubility
478:chloroform
451:Molar mass
310:588X2YUY0A
183:ChemSpider
119:3D model (
98:CAS Number
18:Diclofenac
6802:See also:
6764:valerenol
6685:Phenytoin
6665:Monastrol
6623:Lanthanum
6618:KRM-II-81
6581:Fenamates
6576:Etifoxine
6571:Etazepine
6566:Efavirenz
6524:Darigabat
6420:Teflurane
6405:Roflurane
6400:Propylene
6345:Halothane
6330:Fluroxene
6315:Enflurane
6218:Volatiles
6135:Etazolate
6046:Viqualine
6001:RWJ-51204
5966:L-838,417
5956:Imepitoin
5926:CGS-20625
5921:CGS-13767
5906:Adipiplon
5880:Ocinaplon
5842:Saripidem
5837:Necopidem
5814:Zopiclone
5809:Suriclone
5794:Pagoclone
5700:ORG-21465
5695:ORG-20599
5586:Ectylurea
5576:Carbromal
5454:Propoxate
5444:Etomidate
5371:Baicalein
5328:Styramate
5323:Procymate
5293:Lorbamate
5278:Felbamate
5248:Clocental
5220:Zomebazam
5215:Zolazepam
5210:Zapizolam
5205:Uldazepam
5185:Triazolam
5170:Temazepam
5165:Sulazepam
5155:Ro48-8684
5150:Ro48-6791
5145:Ripazepam
5115:Pyrazolam
5090:Pinazepam
5040:Nifoxipam
5025:Midazolam
5020:Mexazolam
5005:Medazepam
4990:Lorazepam
4970:Ketazolam
4965:Irazepine
4955:Iclazepam
4945:Halazepam
4940:Gidazepam
4935:Fosazepam
4855:Estazolam
4850:Elfazepam
4825:Demoxepam
4755:Cinazepam
4735:Camazepam
4705:Avizafone
4627:Thiamylal
4562:Primidone
4492:Heptabarb
4482:Eterobarb
4447:Carbubarb
4344:Triclofos
4243:Brometone
4182:compound.
3365:April 20,
3343:April 20,
2784:0022-3263
2745:0022-3263
2688:2470-1343
2668:ACS Omega
2649:0030-4948
2035:CRC Press
1813:pregnancy
1762:hepatitis
1723:headaches
1711:dizziness
1671:pyridines
1622:Li + RH
1514:overtones
1486:and as a
1247:with the
828:labelling
819:Irritant
749:formation
723:Std molar
669:Viscosity
321:UN number
292:PA8050000
231:200-838-9
223:EC Number
6790:TCS-1205
6785:TCS-1105
6775:α-Pinene
6748:Valerian
6723:tetronal
6700:Safranal
6649:obovatol
6645:magnolol
6641:honokiol
6471:Alogabat
6466:AA-29504
6415:Synthane
6375:Nitrogen
6355:Kerosine
6335:Gasoline
6325:Ethylene
6265:Centalun
6260:Butylene
6074:Propofol
6036:U-89843A
6016:TGSC01AA
5986:NS-11394
5951:GBLD-345
5916:CGS-9896
5911:CGS-8216
5895:Zaleplon
5890:Taniplon
5870:Indiplon
5865:Fasiplon
5860:Divaplon
5847:Zolpidem
5750:SAGE-872
5745:SAGE-689
5740:SAGE-516
5735:SAGE-324
5730:SAGE-105
5638:Certain
5581:Capuride
5543:Yangonin
5420:baicalin
5416:Skullcap
5406:Luteolin
5381:Catechin
5376:Baicalin
5366:Apigenin
5338:Tybamate
5125:Quazepam
5120:QH-II-66
5100:Prazepam
5080:Oxazolam
5075:Oxazepam
4875:Etizolam
4830:Diazepam
4810:CP-1414S
4775:Clobazam
4765:Clazolam
4652:Valofane
4607:Talbutal
4597:Sigmodal
4502:Hexethal
4397:Barbital
4377:Alphenal
4367:(-)-DMBB
4313:Propanol
4303:Pentanol
4293:Methanol
4235:Alcohols
3989:C*BrClFI
3799:C*HBrClI
3733:C*HBrClF
3415:(NIOSH).
3111:USDHHS.
3005:19049266
2940:Br Med J
2889:22357403
2792:20469919
2706:29876537
2471:cite web
2254:Archived
2230:(NIOSH).
2170:5 August
2084:CID 6344
2016:(NIOSH).
1944:See also
1805:placenta
1793:pancreas
1693:Toxicity
1586:by 79%.
1449:sunlight
1445:chlorine
1310:treating
1286:solvents
1278:miscible
1243:) is an
1163:Class B1
1009:13%-23%
928:NFPA 704
799:Hazards
639:(χ)
617:constant
6737:borneol
6735:(e.g.,
6727:trional
6717:(e.g.,
6635:(e.g.,
6633:Lignans
6583:(e.g.,
6541:(e.g.,
6486:Bromide
6478:(e.g.,
6461:α-EMTBL
6425:Toluene
6395:Propane
6270:Chloral
6250:Benzene
6230:Acetone
6061:Phenols
6051:Y-23684
6041:U-90042
6026:TPA-023
6011:SX-3228
5996:ROD-188
5981:NS-2710
5976:NS-2664
5961:JM-1232
5946:ELB-139
5941:CTP-354
5827:Alpidem
5426:Wogonin
5401:Linarin
4880:FG-8205
4587:Reposal
4288:Menthol
4248:Butanol
3752:C*HBrFI
3738:C*HClFI
3409:"#0414"
3165:1855488
3145:Bibcode
3095:6743591
3086:1009322
3046:3388849
3037:1026148
2970:7437838
2961:1714874
2858:3049777
2697:5981293
2569:Bibcode
2442:June 5,
2088:PubChem
2010:"#0414"
1853:In the
1826:and/or
1783:of the
1715:fatigue
1701:simple
1687:acetals
1667:aminals
1655:+ LiCl
1567:macadam
1563:asphalt
1534:jukebox
1359:Cl + Cl
1318:methane
1312:either
1274:solvent
1249:formula
1210:what is
1208: (
864:Warning
725:entropy
619: (
558:benzene
554:hexanes
550:alcohol
486:Density
476:Faint,
261:PubChem
108:75-09-2
6670:Niacin
6255:Butane
6208:SL-164
6079:Thymol
6021:TP-003
5902:Others
5705:P1-185
5665:5β-DHP
5660:5α-DHP
5655:3α-DHP
5503:Kavain
5411:Rc-OMe
4180:Chiral
4112:CBrClI
3903:CBrClF
3773:CHBrCl
3163:
3093:
3083:
3044:
3034:
3003:
2968:
2958:
2887:
2856:
2790:
2782:
2743:
2704:
2694:
2686:
2647:
2534:
2500:
2313:
2282:et al.
2242:Anvisa
2041:
1857:, the
1791:, and
1781:cancer
1719:nausea
1580:fodder
1468:coffee
1424:, and
1205:verify
1202:
1161:
692:1.6 D
480:-like
403:SMILES
249:D02330
163:ChEMBL
66:Names
6529:DEABL
6222:gases
6031:TP-13
5760:THDOC
5650:DHDOC
4073:CBrCl
4044:CBrCl
4020:CBrFI
3994:CClFI
3962:CBrCl
3829:CHBrI
3804:CHClI
3707:CHBrF
3699:CHClF
3212:(PDF)
3195:(PDF)
3182:(PDF)
3116:(PDF)
2429:(PDF)
2164:(PDF)
2086:from
1914:AGAGE
1838:, or
1832:liver
1809:fetal
1789:liver
1785:lungs
1699:toxic
1647:+ CH
1495:foams
1415:+ HCl
1395:+ HCl
1371:+ HCl
1282:polar
1239:, or
1096:NIOSH
590:1.19
456:84.93
410:ClCCl
368:InChI
325:1593
143:ChEBI
121:JSmol
5832:DS-1
5464:Kava
5391:EGCG
4327:tert
4319:tert
4222:GABA
4157:CBrI
4120:CClI
3932:CBrF
3911:CClF
3874:CBrF
3866:CClF
3820:CHBr
3812:CHBr
3790:CHBr
3781:CHCl
3765:CHCl
3757:CHFI
3743:CHBr
3724:CHCl
3631:BrCl
3367:2018
3345:2018
3161:PMID
3091:PMID
3042:PMID
3001:PMID
2966:PMID
2921:2015
2885:PMID
2877:MMWR
2854:PMID
2788:PMID
2780:ISSN
2741:ISSN
2702:PMID
2684:ISSN
2645:ISSN
2532:ISBN
2498:ISBN
2477:link
2444:2016
2311:ISBN
2203:2015
2172:2015
2039:ISBN
1840:skin
1807:but
1799:and
1760:and
1743:coma
1731:eyes
1729:and
1675:DMAP
1490:for
1476:hops
1470:and
1455:Uses
1443:and
1404:+ Cl
1400:CHCl
1390:CHCl
1384:+ Cl
1363:→ CH
1142:Ca
1136:IDLH
1114:STEL
916:P281
912:P261
898:H373
894:H351
890:H336
886:H335
882:H319
878:H315
583:log
573:CHCl
472:Odor
301:UNII
274:6344
240:KEGG
192:6104
6561:DS2
5670:DHT
5386:EGC
4145:CBr
4136:CBr
4128:CBr
4107:ClI
4103:CBr
4094:CBr
4082:CCl
4061:CBr
4052:CCl
4036:CCl
4028:CFI
4011:CBr
4002:CBr
3984:ClF
3980:CBr
3971:CCl
3953:CCl
3920:CBr
3891:CCl
3837:CHI
3715:CHF
3691:CHF
3661:BrI
3640:ClI
3601:BrF
3592:ClF
3153:doi
3081:PMC
3073:doi
3032:PMC
3028:148
2993:doi
2956:PMC
2948:doi
2944:281
2846:doi
2819:doi
2772:doi
2733:doi
2692:PMC
2676:doi
2637:doi
2606:doi
2577:doi
2404:doi
2378:doi
2286:doi
1614:CCl
1565:or
1472:tea
1410:CCl
1349:HCl
1316:or
1233:DCM
1129:Ca
1123:REL
1106:PEL
1057:min
826:GHS
787:298
760:298
733:298
562:CCl
337:EPA
264:CID
6829::
6811:•
6807:•
6762:,
6758:,
6754:,
6725:,
6721:,
6647:,
6643:,
6639:,
6595:,
6591:,
6587:,
6553:,
6549:,
6545:,
6496:,
6492:,
5904::
5858::
5825::
5787::
4178:*
4165:CI
4098:Cl
4065:Cl
4015:FI
3975:FI
3941:CF
3882:CF
3858:CF
3794:Cl
3666:CH
3657:CH
3649:Br
3645:CH
3636:CH
3627:CH
3619:Cl
3615:CH
3610:FI
3606:CH
3597:CH
3588:CH
3576:CH
3558:At
3554:CH
3545:CH
3540:Br
3536:CH
3531:Cl
3527:CH
3518:CH
3497:CH
3411:.
3241:.
3214:.
3184:.
3159:.
3151:.
3141:55
3139:.
3103:^
3089:.
3079:.
3069:41
3067:.
3063:.
3040:.
3026:.
3022:.
2999:.
2989:24
2987:.
2964:.
2954:.
2942:.
2938:.
2897:^
2881:61
2879:.
2875:.
2852:.
2840:.
2815:39
2813:.
2809:.
2786:.
2778:.
2768:75
2766:.
2762:.
2739:.
2729:52
2727:.
2723:.
2700:.
2690:.
2682:.
2670:.
2666:.
2643:.
2633:16
2631:.
2627:.
2600:.
2575:.
2565:28
2563:.
2559:.
2473:}}
2469:{{
2461:.
2435:.
2431:.
2400:19
2398:.
2394:.
2374:33
2372:.
2368:.
2354:Cl
2336:71
2297:^
2269:^
2226:.
2222:.
2211:^
2193:.
2180:^
2146:,
2136:^
2108:^
2072:^
2053:^
2012:.
1988:^
1908:Cl
1904:CH
1834:,
1787:,
1772:.
1741:,
1737:,
1721:,
1717:,
1713:,
1689:.
1643:Cl
1639:CH
1634::
1497:.
1451:.
1432:.
1408:→
1388:→
1380:Cl
1376:CH
1367:Cl
1355:CH
1347:+
1345:Cl
1341:CH
1339:→
1334:Cl
1332:+
1327:CH
1288:.
1262:Cl
1235:,
1157:BR
1116:)
1073:Lo
1071:LC
1065:)
1045:50
1043:LC
1025:50
1023:LD
918:,
914:,
896:,
892:,
888:,
884:,
880:,
830::
779:(Δ
752:(Δ
571:,
567:,
560:,
556:,
552:,
548:,
441:Cl
6766:)
6739:)
6729:)
6651:)
6599:)
6557:)
6500:)
6482:)
6220:/
5422:)
4269:)
4265:(
4225:A
4213:e
4206:t
4199:v
4167:4
4159:3
4151:2
4149:I
4147:2
4140:I
4138:3
4130:4
4122:3
4114:2
4105:2
4096:3
4088:2
4086:I
4084:2
4077:I
4075:2
4067:2
4063:2
4056:I
4054:3
4046:3
4038:4
4030:3
4022:2
4013:2
4006:F
4004:3
3996:2
3982:2
3973:2
3966:F
3964:2
3957:F
3955:3
3947:2
3945:I
3943:2
3936:I
3934:2
3926:2
3924:F
3922:2
3915:I
3913:2
3905:2
3897:2
3895:F
3893:2
3886:I
3884:3
3876:3
3868:3
3860:4
3839:3
3831:2
3824:I
3822:2
3814:3
3806:2
3792:2
3785:I
3783:2
3775:2
3767:3
3759:2
3747:F
3745:2
3728:F
3726:2
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