276:
justify their association in each entry. Two entries (58, 79) are devoted not to individuals, but to schools of thought (Pythagoreanism and
Sophism), and the last two (89, 90) reproduce contemporaneous anonymous texts. Although "the Seven Sages of Greece" implies a clearly defined set of seven people, historical disagreement renders intractable the problem of exactly who they were, with multiple sources suggesting several different candidates. If one takes the Seven Sages as a group of seven and includes the later Iamblichus, Diels–Kranz encompasses 106 named personalities and two anonymous authors. The chapter on Sophism is concerned with the named sophists who take up most of the rest of the scheme, and per Freeman with regard to the chapter on Pythagoreanism, a catalogue due to Iamblichus lists 218 named men and 17 named women as Pythagoreans, along with other probable, anonymous adherents.
268:, the first to be revised by Kranz. The fifth edition's numbering is the scheme which has since gained the most traction in modern Pre-Socratic scholarship, and it is the one used consistently throughout this article. It should not be confused with the numberings given in other versions, which changed frequently depending on the particular edition of the
139:
These quotations, paraphrases and other references to pre-Socratic philosophers were collected by Diels and Kranz in their book, which became a standard text in modern pre-Socratic education and scholarship. Because of its influence, Diels–Kranz numbering became the standard way of referencing the
75:
and again in a sixth edition (1952). In Diels–Kranz, each passage, or item, is assigned a number which is used to uniquely identify the ancient personality with which it is concerned, and the type of item given. Diels–Kranz is used in academia to cite pre-Socratic philosophers, and the system also
275:
Most entries (78) are concerned with a single, named individual, while the remaining minority of entries (12) have more complex context. Of these latter, eight (10, 19, 39, 46, 53-56) are each concerned with groups of named personalities, who typically have a clear relationship of some kind to
214:
Why, take the case of Thales, Theodorus. While he was studying the stars and looking upwards, he fell into a pit, and a neat, witty
Thracian servant girl jeered at him, they say, because he was so eager to know the things in the sky that he could not see what was there before him at his very
1145:
prepared a new Pre-Socratic reader, which uses an entirely different scheme unrelated to Diels–Kranz. Nevertheless, Waterfield gives a partial concordance of his own scheme with that of Diels–Kranz, and the partial DK numbering given by
Waterfield matches the fifth-edition
284:
of any of their ideas, or what they might have written. That is, these more obscure personalities survive in the historical record only as names cited by others, and so came to be included in Diels–Kranz for the sake of scholarly completeness.
251:
Rather than "22B22" the above may also instead be referred to as "Heraclitus B22" as it is a direct transmission of the words of
Heraclitus (thus, B) and is the 22nd item in the chapter about Heraclitus (whose chapter number is 22) in the
279:
In several cases, the personalities listed are so obscure that they are merely mentioned by name in other sources, commonly with hints as to their geographical and philosophical associations, and without even surviving
243:
Sometimes, the chapter (personality) number may simply be replaced by the name, which can be helpful in cases where the former is the same as the passage number, to avoid ambiguity. For example:
28:
197:: Literally translated to "exact words", and sometimes also termed "fragments", these are items containing exact words of the author in the form of quotations in later works.
114:
The works of the pre-Socratics have not survived extant to the present day. Our knowledge of them exists only through references in the works of later philosophers (known as
264:
The following table gives the Diels–Kranz numbering of Pre-Socratic philosophers. Note that the numbering scheme presented is that of the fifth edition of
71:
was first published in 1903, was later revised and expanded three times by Diels, and was finally revised in a fifth edition (1934–7) by
1453:
219:
The above text has a DK number of 11A9, since it refers to Thales who is, as mentioned above, chapter 11's subject. The source is
1203:
17:
122:
comes largely from the works of
Aristotle, who lived centuries after him. Another interesting example of such a source is
310:
1351:
190:
include commentaries on the works of the pre-Socratics and accounts of their lives and of their philosophical views.
1458:
152:
a number representing the personality the item is concerned with - this number is also the chapter number in the
1126:
1448:
1319:
1137:, while also reproducing the fourth edition's numberings in parentheses. A matching online version of the
1463:
1009:
128:
842:
428:
1082:
64:
50:
666:
684:
624:
518:
502:
380:
221:
1295:
Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic
Philosophers: A complete translation of the Fragments in Diels,
1102:
929:
895:
606:
540:
464:
91:
1343:
1159:
For one example of a variant edition and numbering scheme, see ix-x in the following link.
136:
as well as of other philosophers, thereby perpetuating the work of those he was refuting.
8:
910:
778:
640:
632:
564:
472:
438:
240:. Finally, it is the ninth item in its chapter, giving it the overall number of DK 11A9.
1367:
920:
209:
a number representing the position of the particular item in its chapter. For example:
123:
1347:
1074:
957:
953:
886:
574:
320:
229:
119:
53:
philosophers, based on the collection of quotations from and reports of their work,
1421:
1372:
1142:
1107:
901:
790:
527:
99:
1336:
1228:
768:
760:
544:
446:
1314:
1027:
742:
709:
523:
47:
1442:
72:
1045:
965:
420:
118:) in the form of quotations and paraphrases. For example, our knowledge of
27:
692:
598:
556:
412:
1236:
1141:
table of contents is available at Sacred Texts, for reference. Later,
1064:
1053:
1019:
868:
860:
834:
824:
650:
614:
480:
344:
302:
133:
115:
1150:
numbering used by
Freeman, so far as it is taken in Waterfield's case.
782:
726:
658:
582:
536:
531:
490:
454:
334:
103:
1403:
1179:
937:
850:
752:
734:
402:
1250:
1035:
987:
876:
816:
799:
676:
498:
294:
85:
77:
148:
The number corresponding to an item was made up of three parts:
140:
material: in literature, conferences, and even in conversation.
548:
366:
161:
1227:
226:
95:
81:
247:
Those who seek for gold dig up much earth and find a little.
1300:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. vii-ix.
1338:
1282:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. v-vii.
186:: These are accounts of the authors' life and doctrines.
179:, corresponding to the type of item given, respectively:
46:
is the standard system for referencing the works of the
232:), and gives an account of Thales' life, hence it is a
156:. For example, "11", also the eleventh chapter of the
1276:
1315:"Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers: Contents"
1129:
adopted the fifth edition's numberings for both her
1335:
1440:
1342:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.
1333:
102:is the comparable system for referring to
94:is the comparable system for referring to
204:: Works which take the author as a model.
132:is a source of many direct quotations of
26:
1292:
1273:
14:
1441:
1180:"IEP: "Diels–Kranz Numbering System""
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24:
1172:
60:The Fragments of the Pre-Socratics
25:
1475:
1396:
1368:"Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker"
1302:1971 Importation, SBN 674-03500-3
1454:Ancient Greek philosophy studies
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981:Simus, Myonides, and Euphranor
266:Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker
55:Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker
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1278:Fragmente der Vorsokratiker
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1334:Waterfield, Robin (2000).
1293:Freeman, Kathleen (1971).
1274:Freeman, Kathleen (1959).
129:Refutation of All Heresies
1422:"Pre-Socratic Philosophy"
519:The Seven Sages of Greece
1113:
259:
1404:"Diels–Kranz Numbering"
1230:Fragments of Heraclitus
65:Hermann Alexander Diels
31:Hermann Alexander Diels
1459:Presocratic philosophy
1028:The Pythagorean School
249:
217:
32:
1208:www.perseus.tufts.edu
928:Prorus, Amyclas, and
245:
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18:Diels-Kranz numbering
1103:Stephanus pagination
1061:The Anonymous Writer
802:': Name and Concept
92:Stephanus pagination
1449:Referencing systems
1464:1903 introductions
1426:plato.stanford.edu
1090:Twofold Arguments
124:Hippolytus of Rome
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120:Thales of Miletus
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1429:. Retrieved
1425:
1411:. Retrieved
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1371:
1362:
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1320:Sacred Texts
1318:
1309:
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1280:(Second Ed.)
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1258:. Retrieved
1254:
1251:"Heraclitus"
1245:
1235:– via
1229:
1222:
1211:. Retrieved
1207:
1198:
1187:. Retrieved
1183:
1174:
1155:
1147:
1138:
1134:
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1122:
966:Thrasymachus
904:, and Arion
810:Parmeniscus
396:Thrasyalces
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76:encompasses
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51:pre-Socratic
43:
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34:
1373:archive.org
708:Archippus,
693:Nausiphanes
667:Apollodorus
607:Hippocrates
599:Anaximander
557:Polycleitus
429:Antisthenes
413:Cleostratus
282:paraphrases
234:testimonium
167:the letter
82:pre-Homeric
36:Diels–Kranz
1443:Categories
1431:2017-08-30
1413:2017-08-30
1386:Freeman's
1260:2017-08-30
1237:Wikisource
1213:2017-08-30
1189:2017-08-30
1167:References
1065:Iamblichus
1063:quoted by
1054:Anaxagoras
1020:Parmenides
896:Echecrates
887:Epicharmus
869:Xenophilus
861:Heraclitus
835:Xenophanes
825:Protagoras
651:Pythagoras
625:Anaximenes
615:Anaxarchus
565:Metrodorus
503:Hippodamus
481:Democritus
439:Pherecydes
345:Epimenides
311:Metrodorus
303:Empedocles
222:Theaetetus
202:Imitations
188:Testimonia
184:Testimonia
134:Heraclitus
116:doxography
110:Background
1390:, 244-245
1388:Companion
1148:Fragmente
1139:Ancilla's
1131:Companion
1083:Archelaus
997:Ameinias
911:Licophron
894:Diocles,
843:Ecphantus
783:Democedes
779:Calliphon
727:Brontinus
718:Diotimus
659:Philolaus
641:Hecataeus
633:Theodorus
590:Diogenes
583:Oenopides
537:Periander
532:Cleobulus
491:Acusilaus
465:Theagenes
455:Leucippus
335:Cleidemus
328:Menestor
270:Fragmente
254:Fragmente
230:dialogues
158:Fragmente
154:Fragmente
104:Aristotle
69:Fragmente
44:numbering
1097:See also
1075:Melissus
1010:Antiphon
958:Phintias
938:Prodicus
930:Cleinias
921:Alcmaeon
851:Xeniades
753:Hippasos
735:Archytas
541:Pittacus
403:Cratylus
381:Diogenes
225:(one of
78:Sophists
1376:. 1903.
1344:345-349
1135:Ancilla
1036:Critias
988:Hippias
902:Phanton
877:Gorgias
817:Hicetas
800:Sophist
791:Timaeus
761:Ocellus
702:Petron
685:Eurytus
677:Cercops
510:Nessas
499:Phaleas
390:Phocus
374:Boidas
358:Idaeus
352:Xuthus
321:Musaeus
295:Orpheus
227:Plato's
86:Orpheus
1350:
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1003:Lycon
975:Paron
947:Iccus
575:Thales
549:Thales
547:, and
528:Chilon
473:Hippon
367:Hesiod
162:Thales
98:, and
67:. The
63:), by
1114:Notes
954:Damon
769:Bolus
710:Lysis
545:Solon
447:Damon
260:Table
215:feet.
175:, or
96:Plato
1348:ISBN
1133:and
1046:Zeno
956:and
781:and
743:Bion
524:Bias
501:and
80:and
1087:90
1079:60
1071:30
1058:89
1050:59
1042:29
1032:88
1024:58
1016:28
1006:87
1000:57
994:27
984:86
978:56
972:26
962:85
950:55
944:25
934:84
925:54
917:24
907:83
891:53
883:23
873:82
865:52
857:22
847:81
839:51
831:21
821:80
813:50
807:20
795:79
787:49
775:19
765:78
757:48
749:18
739:77
731:47
723:17
715:76
705:46
699:16
689:75
681:45
673:15
663:74
655:44
647:14
637:73
629:43
621:13
611:72
603:42
595:12
587:71
579:41
571:11
561:70
553:40
515:10
507:69
495:39
477:68
469:38
451:67
443:37
425:66
421:Ion
417:36
399:65
393:35
377:64
371:34
355:63
349:33
331:62
325:32
307:61
299:31
200:C:
193:B:
182:A:
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1182:.
543:,
539:,
530:,
526:,
487:9
461:8
435:7
409:6
387:5
363:4
341:3
317:2
291:1
272:.
256:.
171:,
106:.
88:.
42:)
40:DK
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1416:.
1356:.
1323:.
1263:.
1239:.
1216:.
1192:.
898:,
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534:,
521::
238:A
177:C
173:B
169:A
164:.
57:(
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