670:) commented against the film in 1926. Looking back on the banned film, this criticism was on the grounds that the manufacturer of the film had sensed the deal: "Even within the circles of the cinema industry itself, protests were loud, and public opinion arose in a chorus of many voices against the danger of making perverse forms of sexual behaviour to be the content of films about sexual enlightenment." („Allein selbst in den Kreisen der Kinoindustrie wurden Proteste laut, und die öffentliche Meinung wandte sich mit einem vielstimmigen Chor gegen das Wagnis, perverse Erscheinungen des Sexuallebens zum Inhalt von Aufklärungsfilmen zu machen.“)
31:
586:. The Munich Film Museum has a restored version of the film, which was first released on VHS-cassette as a silent film with German intertitles. Since October 2006, a DVD edition from the Munich Film Museum has been available in both German and English languages. This DVD version also includes a short documentary about the history of censorship and a section of
681:) saw Oswald’s work completely positively: "This exemplary intimate play, the first German film about homosexuality, avoids every cliché and shimmers with outstanding performances" (“Das beispielhafte Kammerspiel, der erste deutsche film über Homosexualität, vermeidet jedes Klischee und glänzt mit exzellenten Darstellerleistungen.“)
638:
copies of the film were destroyed after the film was banned and performances were restricted, only being allowed to be shown to preapproved groups such as doctors and other medical professionals in educational and scientific institutions. At the end, the only venue where the film was screened for public viewing was the
405:, but Sivers' parents object to the increasingly large amount of attention he focuses on the violin and his unusual infatuation with Körner, and the Körners do not understand why he has shown no interest in finding a wife and starting a family. Körner sends his parents to see his mentor, known as just "the Doctor" (
658:
sparked. B.Z. on Midday wrote on August 18, 1919, after a private showing of the film, that the film had been a vehicle of antisemitic propaganda. However, there was a consensus among those invited that the film’s story did not seem indecent or unmoral. Those invited to this private showing included
637:
The judgment was that the film was biased towards
Paragraph 175 and thus presents a one-sided view, confuses young audiences about homosexuality, and can be used for the recruitment of underage viewers to become homosexuals. The film was banned in several cities, including Munich and Stuttgart. Many
551:
The film was premiered on May 28, 1919 in a special performance at the Berlin Apollo-Theater and then on May 30, 1919 at the Prinzeß-Theater. The film started out with 40 prints, which was a high number for the time and was initially successful. It was classified as an Aufklärungsfilm, or a sexual
610:
groups started to protest and disturb the public screenings. Conservative and reactionary sides called for a reintroduction of censorship policy, claiming that they wanted to protect young people. Some people also reacted to the film with antisemitism, which was seen in a range of publications
535:
You have to keep living; live to change the prejudices by which this man has been made one of the countless victims. ... ou must restore the honor of this man and bring justice to him, and all those who came before him, and all those to come after him. Justice through
581:
The original version of the film is no longer preserved, as the film copies were banned and destroyed. Because of this, large parts of the film were lost beyond recall. The current versions of the film were reconstructed from the shortened version of the film in
458:
512:, the perils of stereotypes, and the idea that sexuality is physically determined, rather than a mental condition. Enlightened by the presentation, Else renounces her wish for a relationship with Körner and instead pledges her friendship and support.
526:
Allowed to go home before starting his term, Körner finds himself shunned by friends and strangers alike, and no longer employable. Even his family tells him there is only one honorable way out. He then takes a handful of pills, committing suicide.
440:). Bollek decides instead to break into Körner's house while he and Sivers are performing, but he is discovered by Sivers and Körner on their return and a fight breaks out. In the course of the fight, Bollek reveals to Sivers that he has been
530:
Sivers rushes to his side as he lies dead. Körner's parents blame Sivers for what has happened, but Else harshly rebukes them. Meanwhile, Sivers attempts to kill himself as well, but the Doctor prevents him and delivers his final speech:
354:
and tried first to change it, then to understand it. Körner and the extortionist end up in court, where the judge is sympathetic to the violinist, but when the scandal becomes public, Körner's career is ruined and he is driven to
480:
Love for one of the same sex is no less pure or noble than for one of the opposite. This orientation can be found in all levels of society, and among respected people. Those that say otherwise come only from ignorance and
454:, when he and his boyfriend Max are discovered kissing by their teacher and he is expelled. Next, he remembers University and his solitary and lonely life there, and the growing impossibility of trying to play straight.
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by Oswald, and it was shown for nearly a year before the authorities stepped in and banned public screenings, allowing it to be shown only to doctors and lawyers. The Nazis destroyed the majority of the prints and
435:
Körner pays him and keeps it a secret from Sivers that he does so. Eventually, however, the blackmailer's demands become too great and Körner refuses to pay (Bollek reads Körner's reply to his demand in a
611:
including strict conservative pages and the gay journals of
Friedrich Radszuweit-Verlag. It was claimed that Hirschfeld and Oswald, who were both Jews, were promoting the Jewish vice of homosexuality.
209:
412:
The Doctor appears several times in the film, each time to deliver speeches more intended for the audience than the advancement of the plot. In this, his first appearance, he tells Körner's parents:
398:) is a fan and admirer of Körner and approaches him in hopes of becoming a student of his. Körner agrees, and they begin lessons together, during which they fall for one another.
614:
In response to this controversy, censorship laws for cinema were re-launched in the Weimar
Republic. These new film censorship laws were entitled the Reichslichtspielgesetz (
1426:
874:
1092:"Sexology, Popular Science and Queer History in Anders als die Andern (Different from the Others): Sexology, Popular Science and Queer History in Anders als die Andern"
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After Körner's coming out, he and Sivers begin seeing each other more openly. While walking together, hand in hand, through the park, they pass a man, Franz Bollek (
1399:
578:
A new censorship program was created in response to the film in May 1920, and the film was banned except for private educational showings in August 1920.
1549:
1984:
709:; these scenes are the earliest film footage of gay men and lesbians dancing. The film was initially shipped in 40 copies throughout Germany and the
598:
This film, along with other moral and sexual enlightenment films, incited a cultural debate in
Germany. Shortly after the premiere, conservative
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Magnus
Hirschfeld, refers to Hirschfeld's theory of "sexual intermediacy". The theory places homosexuality within a broad spectrum comprising
268:
and by
October 1920 only doctors and medical researchers could view it. Prints of the film were among the many "decadent" works burned by the
1714:
705:(a word invented by Hirschfeld). The film's protagonist first meets his blackmailer at a costume party, and the blackmailer also frequents a
420:. It is not wrong, nor should it be a crime. Indeed, it is not even an illness, merely a variation, and one that is common to all of nature.
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also fell to censorship laws, but not before a copy made its way to
Ukraine, where it was subtitled in the local language. This version of
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Sivers runs away and faces hardships trying to survive alone. Körner is left dejected and, over a photo of Sivers, remembers his past.
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476:. Then he first met the Doctor, whose reaction was much different from those he had previously met. Among other things, he told him:
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Körner reports Bollek for blackmail and has him arrested. In retaliation, Bollek exposes Körner. The Doctor gives
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The film closes with an open German law book, turned to
Paragraph 175, as a hand holding a brush crosses it out.
519:
on Körner's behalf, but both are found guilty of their respective crimes. Bollek is sentenced to three years for
2044:
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496:), Kurt Sivers' sister, to the Doctor's lecture on alternative sexuality. The Doctor speaks on topics such as
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1427:"Berlinale 2016: Panorama Celebrates Teddy Award's 30th Anniversary and Announces First Titles in Programme"
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enlightenment film, in
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was outlawed on August 18, 1920 that same year. This was the new censorship panel’s first review.
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906:"Richard Oswald, Magnus Hirschfeld, and the possible impossibility of hygienic melodrama"
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a criminal offense. It was one of the first sympathetic portrayals of gay men in cinema.
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A History of
Homosexuality in Europe, Vol. I & II: Berlin, London, Paris 1919-1939
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The film arose in a time where there was no national film censorship in Germany.
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Sexualität und Neurose im Film : die Kinomythen von Griffith bis Warhol
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Both men experience the disapproval of their parents. Neither are
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ANDERS ALS DIE ANDERN (1919) Documents on a Controversy (Deutsch)
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of the film's footage, which Hirschfeld inserted in his own film
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later became a director of more mainstream films, as did his son
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After this thesis statement, the main plot begins. Kurt Sivers (
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Remembering further, he recalled first meeting Bollek at a gay
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339:
943:
992:
Carnal Knowledge: Baxter's Concise Encyclopedia of Modern Sex
269:
1400:"Outfest screens groundbreaking 'Different From the Others'"
875:
List of lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender-related films
646:), where it was shown for education and at special events.
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was discovered by the city museum of Munich in the 1970’s.
222:) is a silent German melodramatic film produced during the
555:
Magnus Hirschfeld also filmed a documentary film entitled
755:
The film was screened as part of the official program at
320:
The film's basic plot was used again in the 1961 UK film
1508:
Anders als die Andern / Different from the Others (1919)
1483:"Lost Treasurers of German: Different from the Others"
1199:
Skandalfilme. Cineastische Aufregen gestern und heute.
1555:
Sexuality Archive Humboldt University Berlin - Films
350:. Flashbacks show us how Körner became aware of his
1550:
Peculiarities of the Reich Moving Picture Law (RLG)
563:in 1927 which used a shortened version of the film
1511:is available for free viewing and download at the
1188:, Lieferung 23, 1993, in der dortigen Filmografie.
989:
767:in February 2016. The New York LGBT film festival
759:in 2012. To celebrate the 30th anniversary of the
654:Contemporary comments mirror the controversy that
1985:We Belong to the Imperial-Royal Infantry Regiment
1226:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 166.
689:The film, which co-starred and was co-written by
2340:
307:. Veidt became a major film star the year after
1589:
1545:Transgender-Net:Anders als die Andern (Deutsch)
659:scientists, government officials, and writers.
492:Back in the present, Körner takes Else Sivers (
1186:CineGraph - Lexikon zum deutschsprachigen Film
775:in October 2016. A special event screening at
289:, one of the earliest cinematic treatments of
250:against the then-current laws under Germany's
1575:
1182:Richard Oswald - Regisseur, Autor, Produzent.
1329:(Orig.-Ausg ed.). München. p. 84.
1280:(Orig.-Ausg ed.). München. p. 86.
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264:laws were enacted in reaction to films like
2285:When You're Young, the World Belongs to You
1223:Gay Berlin: Birthplace of a Modern Identity
1031:Gay Berlin: Birthplace of a Modern Identity
987:
716:only one copy of the film is known to exist
1582:
1568:
1357:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1308:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
226:. It was first released in 1919 and stars
29:
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1326:Sex verklärt der deutsche Aufklärungsfilm
1277:Sex verklärt der deutsche Aufklärungsfilm
1145:. München: W. Heyne Verlag. p. 204.
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765:66th Berlin International Film Festival
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1457:"Different From The Others at NewFest"
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801:Ilse von Tasso-Lind as Körner's Sister
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996:. New York: HarperCollins. pp.
870:List of films made in Weimar Germany
804:Alexandra Willegh as Körner's Mother
750:
734:Russian State Film and Photo Archive
684:
1220:Beachy, Robert (18 November 2014).
1204:
952:
675:Encyclopedia of International Films
461:Körner first meets with the doctor.
13:
1905:The Love Affairs of Hector Dalmore
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272:after they came to power in 1933.
14:
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1253:. Algora Publishing. p. 64.
955:"A Daring Film, Silenced No More"
679:Lexikon des internationalen Films
367:The film opens with Paul Körner (
2384:Films directed by Richard Oswald
2035:The Transformation of Dr. Bessel
953:Ito, Robert (15 November 2013).
763:, the film was selected for the
722:UCLA Film and Television Archive
346:threatens to expose Körner as a
1815:Around the World in Eighty Days
1398:King, Susan (10 October 2012).
1365:
1316:
1267:
1240:
640:Institut für Sexualwissenschaft
472:, but finding him only to be a
432:or else he will expose Sivers.
2379:Films about conversion therapy
1373:"Anders als die Andern (1919)"
1191:
1132:
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897:
383:. Körner, however, knows that
1:
2125:The Hound of the Baskervilles
922:10.1080/17411548.2017.1376857
890:
543:
246:. The film was intended as a
2409:German black-and-white films
2389:Films of the Weimar Republic
2374:Banned films in Nazi Germany
2275:My Song Goes Round the World
2095:The Mistress and her Servant
885:List of partially lost films
593:
375:reading the daily newspaper
338:Veidt portrays a successful
244:Institute for Sexual Science
7:
2414:German silent feature films
2354:1910s German-language films
2255:A Song Goes Round the World
1090:Linge, Ina (October 2018).
863:
852:as Arzt (German for Doctor)
333:
314:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
286:Das Bildnis des Dorian Gray
10:
2455:
2404:German LGBTQ-related films
2185:Schubert's Dream of Spring
1895:The House in Dragon Street
1715:The Picture of Dorian Gray
1247:Tamagne, Florence (2007).
910:Studies in European Cinema
880:List of rediscovered films
726:fine-grain master positive
664:Sittengeschichte des Kinos
649:
296:The Picture of Dorian Gray
136:Richard Oswald-Film Berlin
2434:Silent German drama films
2429:Rediscovered German films
2419:LGBTQ-related drama films
2394:First homosexual movement
2359:1910s LGBTQ-related films
2215:The Captain from Köpenick
1785:Different from the Others
1598:
1530:Different From the Others
773:Different from the Others
662:Curt Moreck, in his book
656:Different from the Others
632:Different from the Others
565:Different from the Others
204:Different from the Others
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24:Different from the Others
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2364:1910s rediscovered films
1765:The House of Three Girls
2235:Unheimliche Geschichten
2205:Victoria and Her Hussar
1945:The Wife of Forty Years
1825:Unheimliche Geschichten
1735:Jettchen Gebert's Story
1725:The Story of Dida Ibsen
1108:10.1111/1468-0424.12381
1065:"Anders als die Andern"
1028:Beachy, Robert (2014).
904:Malakaj, Ervin (2017).
782:
779:followed in June 2017.
668:Moral Stories of Cinema
465:He remembers trying an
450:His first memory is of
362:
2265:Adventures on the Lido
2195:Poor as a Church Mouse
1695:The Lord of Hohenstein
1323:Thissen, Rolf (1995).
1274:Thissen, Rolf (1995).
1139:Scheugl, Hans (1978).
777:Jerusalem Cinematheque
724:purchased an original
701:, transgenderism, and
644:Institute for Sexology
538:
483:
462:
422:
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149:30 June 1919
1745:Diary of a Lost Woman
1519:Anders als die Andern
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414:
407:Dr. Magnus Hirschfeld
266:Anders als die Andern
234:. It was directed by
219:Anders als die Andern
169:50 minutes (fragment)
40:Anders als die Andern
2245:The Flower of Hawaii
2165:The Tender Relatives
2145:Vienna, City of Song
1965:Should We Be Silent?
1925:Carlos and Elisabeth
1835:Figures of the Night
1096:Gender & History
988:John Baxter (2009).
858:as Young Paul Körner
2315:Isle of Missing Men
2105:Marriage in Trouble
1995:The White Horse Inn
1865:Manolescu's Memoirs
1437:on 21 December 2015
1180:Hans-Michael Bock:
826:Clementine Plessner
810:as Sister's Husband
2439:1910s German films
2045:Lützow's Wild Hunt
1855:The Merry-Go-Round
1705:Let There Be Light
1463:on 20 October 2016
960:The New York Times
939:– via EBSCO.
820:Wilhelm Diegelmann
798:as Körner's Father
561:Gesetze der Liebe)
463:
193:German intertitles
2424:Magnus Hirschfeld
2399:Gay-related films
2336:
2335:
2325:The Lovable Cheat
1885:The Golden Plague
1675:The Uncanny House
1665:A Night of Horror
1655:Tales of Hoffmann
1405:Los Angeles Times
1377:www.filmdienst.de
1336:978-3-453-09005-7
1287:978-3-453-09005-7
1260:978-0-87586-357-3
1233:978-0-385-35307-6
1045:978-0-307-47313-4
1007:978-0-06-087434-6
850:Magnus Hirschfeld
838:Reinhold Schünzel
828:as Sivers' Mother
822:as Sivers' Father
751:Modern screenings
685:Other information
628:Siegfried Placzek
426:Reinhold Schünzel
311:was released, in
240:Magnus Hirschfeld
232:Reinhold Schünzel
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110:Magnus Hirschfeld
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1461:the original
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1068:
1034:. New York:
1030:
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1011:. Retrieved
991:
964:. Retrieved
958:
933:. Retrieved
913:
909:
899:
832:Anita Berber
814:Fritz Schulz
790:Conrad Veidt
772:
761:Teddy Awards
754:
738:
730:Laws of Love
729:
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703:transvestism
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308:
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284:
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228:Conrad Veidt
218:
203:
202:
201:
165:Running time
142:Release date
106:Anita Berber
96:Fritz Schulz
91:Conrad Veidt
39:
18:
2015:Radio Magic
1441:20 December
1379:(in German)
1071:(in German)
1013:24 December
796:Leo Connard
711:Netherlands
699:bisexuality
624:Albert Moll
608:antisemitic
418:orientation
352:orientation
326:, starring
299:. Director
291:Oscar Wilde
189:Silent film
76:Produced by
47:Directed by
38:poster for
2349:1919 films
2343:Categories
2295:Bleeke Bet
2115:Cagliostro
935:10 October
891:References
856:Karl Giese
741:gay anthem
739:The early
691:sexologist
604:Protestant
544:Background
536:knowledge!
502:lesbianism
487:dance hall
430:hush money
377:obituaries
348:homosexual
262:Censorship
153:1919-06-30
114:Karl Giese
57:Written by
1935:Semi-Silk
1805:Peer Gynt
1775:Die Arche
1488:19 August
1467:19 August
1431:Berlinale
1411:19 August
1353:cite book
1345:243809109
1304:cite book
1296:243809109
1075:2 October
966:19 August
930:194582691
771:screened
732:from the
707:drag club
594:Reception
590:.
521:extortion
517:testimony
474:charlatan
373:violinist
340:violinist
210:‹See Tfd›
182:Languages
1645:The Vice
1535:AllMovie
1126:30546198
864:See also
600:Catholic
481:bigotry.
389:Damocles
381:suicides
334:Synopsis
84:Starring
2155:Alraune
2135:Dreyfus
1383:26 June
1161:4822573
1117:6282845
834:as Else
769:NewFest
757:Outfest
650:Reviews
438:gay bar
357:suicide
279:was by
248:polemic
174:Country
151: (
2328:(1949)
2318:(1942)
2308:(1938)
2298:(1934)
2288:(1934)
2278:(1934)
2268:(1933)
2258:(1933)
2248:(1933)
2238:(1932)
2228:(1932)
2218:(1931)
2208:(1931)
2198:(1931)
2188:(1931)
2178:(1931)
2168:(1930)
2158:(1930)
2148:(1930)
2138:(1930)
2128:(1929)
2118:(1929)
2108:(1929)
2098:(1929)
2088:(1929)
2078:(1928)
2068:(1928)
2058:(1927)
2048:(1927)
2038:(1927)
2028:(1927)
2018:(1927)
2008:(1927)
1998:(1926)
1988:(1926)
1978:(1926)
1968:(1926)
1958:(1925)
1948:(1925)
1938:(1925)
1928:(1924)
1918:(1922)
1908:(1921)
1898:(1921)
1888:(1921)
1878:(1921)
1868:(1920)
1858:(1920)
1848:(1920)
1838:(1920)
1828:(1919)
1818:(1919)
1808:(1919)
1798:(1919)
1788:(1919)
1778:(1919)
1768:(1918)
1758:(1918)
1748:(1918)
1738:(1918)
1728:(1918)
1718:(1917)
1708:(1917)
1698:(1917)
1688:(1917)
1678:(1916)
1668:(1916)
1658:(1916)
1648:(1915)
1638:(1915)
1628:(1914)
1618:(1914)
1608:(1914)
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626:, and
606:, and
467:ex-gay
323:Victim
309:Anders
214:German
36:German
1000:–12.
926:S2CID
444:him.
270:Nazis
2175:1914
1524:IMDb
1490:2017
1469:2017
1443:2015
1413:2017
1385:2021
1359:link
1341:OCLC
1331:ISBN
1310:link
1292:OCLC
1282:ISBN
1255:ISBN
1228:ISBN
1184:In:
1157:OCLC
1147:ISBN
1122:PMID
1077:2019
1040:ISBN
1015:2011
1002:ISBN
968:2017
937:2022
783:Cast
673:The
363:Plot
305:Gerd
275:The
230:and
1533:at
1522:at
1112:PMC
1104:doi
1069:SMU
918:doi
409:).
403:out
391:."
293:'s
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1351:{{
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970:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
