246:, Tom McFeeley, Sean McKenna, Leo Green, and INLA member John Nixon, began a hunger strike aimed at restoring political status for paramilitary prisoners by securing the "Five Demands". After a 53-day hunger strike with McKenna lapsing in and out of a coma and on the brink of death, the government appeared to concede the essence of the prisoners' five demands with a 30-page document detailing a proposed settlement. With the document in transit to Belfast, Hughes took the decision to save McKenna's life and end the strike after 53 days on 18 December.
811:
22:
154:, then temporarily removing the prisoners and sending in rubber-suited prison officers with steam hoses to clean the walls. However, as soon as the prisoners were returned to their cells they resumed their protest. By mid-1978 there were between 250 and 300 protesting prisoners, and the protest was attracting media attention from around the world.
95:, for example, not having to wear prison uniforms or do prison work. In 1976, as part of the policy of "criminalisation", the British Government brought an end to Special Category Status for paramilitary prisoners in Northern Ireland. The policy was not introduced for existing prisoners, but for those convicted after 1 March 1976.
179:
isolation and perpetual boredom they maintain their sanity by studying Irish. It was an indication of the triumph of the human spirit over adverse material conditions to notice Irish words, phrases and songs being shouted from cell to cell and then written on each cell wall with the remnants of toothpaste tubes.
170:
have seen was the spectacle of hundreds of homeless people living in the sewer pipes in the slums of
Calcutta. The stench and filth in some of the cells, with the remains of rotten food and human excreta scattered around the walls was almost unbearable. In two of them I was unable to speak for fear of vomiting.
169:
Having spent the whole of Sunday in the prison, I was shocked at the inhuman conditions prevailing in H-Blocks, three, four and five, where over 300 prisoners were incarcerated. One would hardly allow an animal to remain in such conditions, let alone a human being. The nearest approach to it that I
208:
and over thirty other prisoners in Armagh Women's Prison joined the dirty protest following a series of disputes with the prison governor, including allegations they had been ill-treated by male prison officers. They did not conduct a blanket protest, as women prisoners in
Northern Ireland already
128:
The prisoners responded by smashing the furniture in their cells, and the prison authorities responded by removing the remaining furniture from the cells, leaving the prisoners in cells with just blankets and mattresses. The prisoners responded by refusing to leave their cells, and as a result the
120:
In March 1978 some prisoners refused to leave their cells to shower or use the lavatory because of attacks by prison officers, and were provided with wash-hand basins in their cells. The prisoners requested showers installed in their cells, and when this request was turned down they refused to use
103:
asking them to assassinate prison officers, stating "We are prepared to die for political status. Those who try to take it away from us must be fully prepared to pay the same price". Outside the prison the IRA responded by shooting prison officer
Patrick Dillon in April 1976, the first of nineteen
98:
The end to
Special Category Status was a serious threat to the authority which the paramilitary leaderships inside prison had been able to exercise over their own men, as well as being a propaganda blow. The imminent withdrawal of Special Category Status caused relations between the prisoners and
178:
From talking to them it is evident that they intend to continue their protest indefinitely and it seems they prefer to face death rather than to submit to being classed as criminals. Anyone with the least knowledge of Irish history knows how deeply this attitude is in our country's past. In
183:
The protest continued with no sign of compromise from the
British government, and by late 1979 nine out of ten newly arriving prisoners were choosing to join the protest. In January 1980 the prisoners issued a statement outlining what were known as the "Five Demands":
145:
There were times when you would vomit. There were times when you were so run down that you would lie for days and not do anything with the maggots crawling all over you. The rain would be coming in the window and you would be lying there with the maggots all over the
249:
In
January 1981 it became clear that the prisoners' demands had not been conceded. On 4 February the prisoners issued a statement saying that the British government had failed to resolve the crisis and declared their intention of "hunger striking once more". The
1830:
1723:
1561:
1254:
61:
in
Northern Ireland. In March 1978 some prisoners refused to leave their cells to shower or use the lavatory because of attacks by prison officers, and the inmates would later start smearing
258:
refused food, and the dirty protest ended the following day. By the time the hunger strike ended on 3 October ten men, including Sands, had starved to death. Two days later, the incoming
1245:
220:, that conditions inside the prison were "inhuman". The Commission's ruling was that the conditions were self-inflicted and "designed to enlist sympathy for the political aims".
1094:
129:
prison officers were unable to clear them. This resulted in the blanket protest escalating into the dirty protest, as the prisoners could not leave their cells to "
266:, announced a number of changes in prison policy, including that from then on all paramilitary prisoners would be allowed to wear their own clothes at all times.
3331:
1149:
1104:
3123:
1089:
983:
2907:
2757:
973:
121:
the wash-hand basins. At the end of April 1978 a fight occurred between a prisoner and a prison officer in H-Block 6. The prisoner was taken away to
1574:
407:
1337:
3113:
2011:
1795:
729:
2948:
2882:
2767:
1185:
1079:
3429:
3352:
2165:
1427:
2510:
3439:
112:, in which IRA and INLA prisoners refused to wear prison uniform and either went naked or fashioned garments from prison blankets.
1594:
1287:
3434:
3383:
3378:
3347:
2842:
2832:
1629:
1604:
1084:
1039:
590:
162:
3260:
2693:
2500:
1770:
1392:
1225:
2260:
3053:
3011:
1878:
1740:
1731:
1673:
1332:
1277:
1230:
213:
2225:
2210:
2190:
2475:
2450:
2160:
2050:
1522:
1362:
1109:
1025:
647:
615:
507:
449:
391:
341:
42:
3024:
2729:
2485:
2470:
2460:
2435:
2305:
2060:
1948:
1664:
1144:
722:
298:
3357:
3205:
2580:
2325:
2250:
2155:
2145:
2095:
1977:
1893:
1883:
1402:
1215:
797:
787:
209:
had the right to wear their own clothes, but this did include smearing their menstrual blood on the cell walls.
3305:
3280:
3190:
3180:
3098:
3048:
3020:
2575:
2570:
2550:
2375:
2200:
2140:
2025:
1815:
1745:
1634:
1624:
1477:
1357:
1164:
1154:
1016:
869:
859:
851:
836:
772:
46:
3388:
2953:
2555:
2330:
2270:
1868:
1765:
1713:
1472:
1220:
54:
3250:
3136:
3058:
2016:
1790:
1614:
1367:
782:
194:
The right of free association with other prisoners, and to organise educational and recreational pursuits;
3210:
3159:
3093:
3043:
2862:
2847:
2698:
2290:
1997:
1923:
1853:
1820:
1417:
1292:
978:
922:
715:
275:
104:
prison officers to be killed during the five-year protest. On 14 September 1976 newly convicted prisoner
2922:
2734:
1848:
1708:
1678:
1551:
1432:
1422:
259:
1982:
150:
The prison authorities attempted to keep the cells clean by breaking the cell windows and spraying in
2930:
2917:
2867:
1987:
1805:
1780:
1584:
1531:
1447:
1442:
1262:
491:
2495:
2300:
2285:
3398:
3290:
3141:
3088:
2968:
2963:
2837:
2065:
1938:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1693:
1639:
1619:
1589:
1382:
1347:
1272:
1134:
1068:
738:
251:
229:
58:
2505:
2100:
3408:
3164:
3004:
2902:
2857:
2827:
2802:
2777:
1972:
1943:
1888:
1863:
1858:
1688:
1683:
1536:
1497:
1467:
1462:
1407:
1397:
1342:
1327:
1297:
816:
80:
2943:
2812:
2617:
1992:
1962:
1750:
1698:
1609:
1569:
1507:
1372:
1302:
1205:
159:
2520:
3103:
1933:
1873:
1703:
1546:
1487:
1457:
1377:
1322:
1169:
499:
99:
prison officers to deteriorate, and in early 1976 the IRA leaders in prison sent word to the
3146:
3063:
2912:
2265:
1928:
1898:
1775:
1760:
1755:
1502:
1482:
1452:
1412:
1387:
1312:
1282:
1235:
1200:
1195:
1059:
122:
2420:
79:
Convicted paramilitary prisoners were treated as ordinary criminals until July 1972, when
8:
3131:
2713:
2660:
2655:
2530:
1967:
1903:
1800:
1659:
1210:
947:
932:
333:
155:
2380:
3295:
3285:
3255:
3240:
2997:
2280:
2215:
1654:
1579:
1541:
1492:
1437:
1307:
1159:
1139:
1009:
666:
401:
2185:
205:
3245:
2650:
2515:
2415:
2390:
2360:
1957:
1649:
1517:
1352:
902:
897:
643:
611:
586:
503:
445:
387:
337:
294:
243:
91:. Special Category (or political) status meant prisoners were treated very much like
2688:
994:
3275:
3151:
2978:
2887:
2445:
2440:
2370:
2365:
2030:
1644:
1190:
841:
762:
100:
92:
3300:
3270:
3220:
3195:
3108:
3068:
2872:
2852:
2645:
2630:
2455:
2425:
2410:
2355:
2295:
2055:
1838:
1599:
1512:
1114:
1049:
963:
912:
907:
864:
767:
631:
582:
571:
239:
109:
74:
2605:
360:
3373:
3215:
3185:
3078:
2958:
2938:
2877:
2817:
2683:
2525:
2400:
2385:
2340:
2235:
2230:
2195:
2135:
2125:
2105:
2080:
2035:
1317:
1124:
1099:
792:
757:
566:
235:
2565:
3423:
3393:
3315:
2897:
2807:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2762:
2752:
2635:
2625:
2595:
2535:
2490:
2345:
2315:
2245:
2240:
2120:
2085:
2075:
2040:
1843:
1002:
777:
578:
217:
105:
84:
174:
Despite the conditions, Ă“ Fiaich said the morale of the prisoners was high:
3225:
3083:
3038:
2892:
2797:
2708:
2640:
2590:
2585:
2540:
2480:
2320:
2205:
2180:
2175:
2130:
2110:
1810:
1267:
1129:
1064:
1054:
707:
303:
151:
125:, and news spread across the wing that the prisoner had been badly beaten.
38:
1044:
3403:
3265:
3235:
3230:
3200:
2560:
2430:
2405:
2395:
2335:
2255:
2220:
2170:
2150:
2090:
1074:
927:
846:
752:
255:
212:
In June 1980 the
British government's position was strengthened when the
165:, visited the prison on 31 July 1978 and condemned the conditions there:
138:
88:
50:
3310:
2973:
2772:
2665:
2545:
2350:
2310:
2275:
2115:
2070:
1785:
942:
937:
2600:
2465:
2045:
917:
639:
263:
62:
2989:
381:
130:
2822:
141:
described the conditions inside the prison in a 1985 interview:
21:
2703:
134:
197:
The right to one visit, one letter and one parcel per week;
667:"The Hunger Strike of 1981 – A Chronology of Main Events"
200:
Full restoration of remission lost through the protest.
3332:
Irish
Republican Socialist Committees of North America
1024:
806:
984:August 1981 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election
570:
87:by 40 IRA prisoners led by the veteran republican
974:April 1981 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election
293:
3421:
133:" (i.e., empty their chamber pots), and smeared
16:Part of a five-year protest during the Troubles
3005:
1010:
723:
382:Bishop, Patrick & Mallie, Eamonn (1987).
216:rejected a case by four prisoners, including
737:
406:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1428:Carlton Tower & Portman Hotel shootings
3012:
2998:
1796:Paddington & Victoria station bombings
1017:
1003:
730:
716:
661:
659:
605:
327:
37:) was part of a five-year protest during
20:
656:
630:
474:
472:
470:
188:The right not to wear a prison uniform;
3422:
3353:Irish People's Liberation Organisation
1595:Hyde Park & Regent's Park bombings
636:Armed Struggle: The History of the IRA
565:
549:
547:
545:
543:
490:
425:
423:
421:
419:
417:
137:on the walls of their cells. Prisoner
25:A prison cell during the dirty protest
3019:
2993:
1085:Chronology of Provisional IRA actions
998:
711:
361:"A Chronology of the Conflict – 1976"
355:
353:
323:
321:
2694:South Armagh Republican Action Force
1771:Honourable Artillery Company bombing
624:
467:
3054:Irish Republican Socialist Movement
1879:Forensic Science Laboratory bombing
540:
414:
214:European Commission of Human Rights
13:
1338:King's Cross & Euston bombings
350:
318:
299:"The legacy of the hunger strikes"
14:
3451:
1110:Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape
1026:Provisional Irish Republican Army
484:
223:
43:Provisional Irish Republican Army
3430:Penal system in Northern Ireland
2730:Continuity Irish Republican Army
1605:Royal Artillery Barracks bombing
1145:Armalite and ballot box strategy
979:June 1981 Irish general election
809:
610:. New Island. pp. 103–104.
234:On 27 October 1980, IRA members
191:The right not to do prison work;
115:
53:(also known as "Long Kesh") and
3440:The Troubles (Northern Ireland)
3358:Republican Socialist Collective
1393:British Airways bombing attempt
891:Political and religious figures
693:
681:
599:
559:
528:
516:
3099:Northern Ireland peace process
1816:Musgrave Park Hospital bombing
1165:Northern Ireland peace process
554:Provos The IRA & Sinn FĂ©in
496:Provos The IRA & Sinn FĂ©in
455:
435:
375:
287:
47:Irish National Liberation Army
1:
3261:Christopher "Crip" McWilliams
1766:London Stock Exchange bombing
281:
68:
65:on the walls of their cells.
49:(INLA) prisoners held in the
3435:Protests in Northern Ireland
3137:Assassination of Airey Neave
1791:Downing Street mortar attack
1615:Ballygawley land mine attack
1363:Houses of Parliament bombing
1105:Improvised tactical vehicles
386:. Corgi Books. p. 350.
7:
3348:Independent Socialist Party
3160:1994 Shankill Road killings
2848:William "Frenchie" Marchant
2699:Direct Action Against Drugs
2291:Antoine Mac Giolla Bhrighde
1998:1997 Northern Ireland riots
1821:Crumlin Road Prison bombing
1635:RUC Birches barracks attack
1478:Walton's Restaurant bombing
1418:Telephone exchange bombings
1278:Scottish soldiers' killings
923:Bernadette Devlin McAliskey
276:Armagh Prison Dirty Protest
269:
83:was introduced following a
10:
3456:
2735:Real Irish Republican Army
1978:Hammersmith Bridge bombing
1679:Glamorgan barracks bombing
1473:Scott's Oyster Bar bombing
1423:1974 Oxford Street bombing
1403:London pillar box bombings
260:Northern Ireland Secretary
227:
72:
3366:
3340:
3324:
3173:
3122:
3031:
2743:
2722:
2676:
2614:
2010:
1988:Thiepval barracks bombing
1884:Stoke Newington Road bomb
1829:
1806:Glenanne barracks bombing
1781:RFA Fort Victoria bombing
1746:Downpatrick roadside bomb
1722:
1630:Enniskillen mortar attack
1560:
1532:La Mon restaurant bombing
1288:Balmoral showroom bombing
1253:
1244:
1178:
1032:
956:
890:
827:Participants who survived
826:
804:
745:
328:Beresford, David (1987).
3399:Patrick Joseph Morrissey
3142:1982 Divis Flats bombing
3089:1981 Irish hunger strike
1939:1993 Fivemiletown ambush
1894:Night of the Long Knives
1674:1988 Netherlands attacks
1590:Chelsea Barracks bombing
1348:1973 Westminster bombing
1273:1970 Crossmaglen bombing
1135:1981 Irish hunger strike
739:1981 Irish hunger strike
606:O'Rawe, Richard (2005).
252:1981 Irish hunger strike
230:1981 Irish hunger strike
3165:Newtownhamilton bombing
2803:Christopher Ewart-Biggs
1983:OsnabrĂĽck mortar attack
1973:1996 Manchester bombing
1889:1992 Manchester bombing
1859:Baltic Exchange bombing
1689:Ballygawley bus bombing
1684:Inglis Barracks bombing
1498:West Ham station attack
1468:Trattoria Fiore bombing
1398:Birmingham pub bombings
1368:Tower of London bombing
1298:Donegall Street bombing
817:Northern Ireland portal
160:Roman Catholic Cardinal
81:Special Category Status
2753:Jeffery Stanford Agate
2286:Breandán Mac Cionnaith
1924:Finchley Road bombings
1751:Operation Conservation
1699:Clive Barracks bombing
1610:Brighton hotel bombing
1570:Dunmurry train bombing
1373:Guildford pub bombings
1303:Battle at Springmartin
1263:Battle of St Matthew's
1206:Internal Security Unit
334:Atlantic Monthly Press
254:began on 1 March when
181:
172:
148:
26:
3104:Good Friday Agreement
1934:Shankill Road bombing
1909:Cullaville occupation
1849:London Bridge bombing
1704:Deal barracks bombing
1585:1981 Bessbrook attack
1488:Balcombe Street siege
1458:London Hilton bombing
1448:Caterham Arms bombing
1383:Brooks's Club bombing
1378:Harrow School bombing
1323:Newry customs bombing
1170:Good Friday Agreement
746:Participants who died
500:Bloomsbury Publishing
176:
167:
143:
59:Armagh Women's Prison
24:
3281:Martin "Rook" O'Prey
3147:Droppin Well bombing
3114:INLA Belfast Brigade
2486:Thomas "Slab" Murphy
2266:Patrick Joseph Kelly
1929:Battle of Newry Road
1899:1993 Harrods bombing
1776:Lichfield gun attack
1761:Carlton Club bombing
1756:1990 Wembley bombing
1483:Drummuckavall ambush
1453:Tullyvallen massacre
1388:Woolwich pub bombing
1236:Balcombe Street Gang
1226:South Armagh Brigade
1201:IRA Southern Command
1196:IRA Northern Command
642:. pp. 195–196.
502:. pp. 221–222.
163:Archbishop of Armagh
123:solitary confinement
3132:Central Bar bombing
2714:Troops Out Movement
2661:Freddie Scappaticci
1968:Aldwych bus bombing
1919:Bishopsgate bombing
1904:Warrington bombings
1864:Sussex Arms bombing
1854:Staples Cnr bombing
1801:Mullacreevie ambush
1741:South Armagh sniper
1694:Jonesborough ambush
1640:Rheindahlen bombing
1620:Newry mortar attack
1575:Lough Foyle attacks
1433:Mountainview attack
1408:Talbot Arms bombing
1333:Honey Trap killings
1231:East Tyrone Brigade
1211:Active service unit
1075:Haughey arms crisis
700:The Provisional IRA
535:The Provisional IRA
523:The Provisional IRA
479:The Provisional IRA
462:The Provisional IRA
430:The Provisional IRA
384:The Provisional IRA
3389:William McCullough
3367:Prominent killings
3256:Dominic McGlinchey
3044:Official Sinn FĂ©in
2843:Baroness Brabourne
2281:Proinsias Mac Airt
2216:John Francis Green
1655:Corporals killings
1625:Ballygawley attack
1580:Glasdrumman ambush
1542:Warrenpoint ambush
1537:Crossmaglen ambush
1508:Store bar shooting
1493:Kingsmill massacre
1463:Piccadilly bombing
1438:Bayardo Bar attack
1343:Coleraine bombings
1328:Old Bailey bombing
1308:Battle of Lenadoon
1160:Smithwick Tribunal
1150:Punishment attacks
1140:Maze Prison escape
833:Brendan McLaughlin
336:. pp. 13–16.
204:In February 1980,
27:
3417:
3416:
3291:Thomas "Ta" Power
3246:Harry Kirkpatrick
3211:Bernadette Devlin
3156:
3059:The Starry Plough
2987:
2986:
2935:
2927:
2669:
2651:Martin McGartland
2496:Ruairà Ó Brádaigh
2421:Pádraig McKearney
2416:Martin McGuinness
2391:Brendan McFarlane
2361:Raymond McCartney
2301:Seán Mac StĂofáin
2019:
2006:
2005:
1993:Coalisland attack
1963:Docklands bombing
1958:Drumcree conflict
1709:Mayobridge attack
1650:Operation Flavius
1518:Garryhinch ambush
992:
991:
903:Garret FitzGerald
898:Margaret Thatcher
592:978-0-00-653155-5
444:by Peter Taylor (
295:Melanie McFadyean
244:Raymond McCartney
33:(also called the
3447:
3286:Michael Plunkett
3191:Patrick Campbell
3154:
3152:Darkley killings
3064:Marxism–Leninism
3014:
3007:
3000:
2991:
2990:
2979:Michael Willetts
2933:
2925:
2923:Robert McCartney
2888:Lord Mountbatten
2863:Robert McConnell
2663:
2656:Sean O'Callaghan
2531:Diarmuid O'Neill
2521:Siobhán O'Hanlon
2511:Éamonn O'Doherty
2506:Dáithà Ó Conaill
2446:Michael McKevitt
2441:Laurence McKeown
2381:SĂ©amus McElwaine
2371:Raymond McCreesh
2366:Martin McCaughey
2101:Carál NĂ ChuilĂn
2031:Martina Anderson
2015:
1944:Heathrow attacks
1874:Coalisland riots
1645:Loughgall ambush
1552:Dungannon attack
1547:Brussels bombing
1293:Abercorn bombing
1283:Red Lion bombing
1251:
1250:
1191:IRA Army Council
1090:Arms importation
1019:
1012:
1005:
996:
995:
842:Laurence McKeown
819:
814:
813:
812:
763:Raymond McCreesh
732:
725:
718:
709:
708:
703:
697:
691:
685:
679:
678:
676:
674:
663:
654:
653:
632:English, Richard
628:
622:
621:
603:
597:
596:
576:
563:
557:
551:
538:
532:
526:
520:
514:
513:
488:
482:
476:
465:
459:
453:
439:
433:
427:
412:
411:
405:
397:
379:
373:
372:
370:
368:
357:
348:
347:
325:
316:
315:
313:
311:
297:(4 March 2006).
291:
101:IRA Army Council
93:prisoners of war
3455:
3454:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3362:
3336:
3320:
3301:Gerard Steenson
3221:Raymond Gilmour
3196:Seamus Costello
3169:
3118:
3109:Organized crime
3094:July 1997 riots
3069:Blanket protest
3027:
3018:
2988:
2983:
2931:Joseph Rafferty
2883:Stephen Melrose
2873:Columba McVeigh
2868:Jean McConville
2853:Martin McBirney
2768:Robert Bradford
2745:
2739:
2718:
2672:
2646:Raymond Gilmour
2631:Denis Donaldson
2616:
2610:
2456:Jackie McMullan
2426:Tommy McKearney
2411:John Joe McGirl
2356:Jennifer McCann
2296:Joseph MacManus
2226:George Harrison
2211:Michael Gaughan
2191:William Fleming
2186:Mairéad Farrell
2056:Charles Breslin
2014:
2002:
1869:Cloghoge attack
1839:Teebane bombing
1825:
1718:
1714:Derryard attack
1660:Lisburn bombing
1600:Harrods bombing
1556:
1513:Stag Inn attack
1503:Olympia bombing
1443:Forkhill attack
1413:Bristol bombing
1240:
1216:Belfast Brigade
1174:
1115:Blanket protest
1050:Republican News
1040:Anti-Treaty IRA
1028:
1023:
993:
988:
964:Blanket protest
952:
913:Humphrey Atkins
908:Charles Haughey
886:
880:Gerard Hodgkins
865:Jackie McMullan
860:Patrick Sheehan
822:
815:
810:
808:
802:
741:
736:
706:
698:
694:
686:
682:
672:
670:
665:
664:
657:
650:
629:
625:
618:
604:
600:
593:
564:
560:
552:
541:
533:
529:
521:
517:
510:
489:
485:
477:
468:
460:
456:
440:
436:
428:
415:
399:
398:
394:
380:
376:
366:
364:
359:
358:
351:
344:
326:
319:
309:
307:
292:
288:
284:
272:
240:Tommy McKearney
232:
226:
206:Mairéad Farrell
118:
110:blanket protest
77:
75:Blanket protest
71:
35:no wash protest
17:
12:
11:
5:
3453:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3374:Billy McMillen
3370:
3368:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3344:
3342:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3216:Gino Gallagher
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3186:Ronnie Bunting
3183:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3079:HM Prison Maze
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3017:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2994:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2969:Stephen Tibble
2966:
2961:
2959:Norman Stronge
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2939:Ray Smallwoods
2936:
2928:
2920:
2918:Robert Seymour
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2878:Ross McWhirter
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2838:Andrew Kearney
2835:
2833:Donald Kaberry
2830:
2825:
2820:
2818:Maurice Gibson
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:Johnathan Ball
2755:
2749:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2689:Fianna Éireann
2686:
2684:Cumann na mBan
2680:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:Joe B. O'Hagan
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2476:Danny Morrison
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2451:Thomas McMahon
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2401:Gerry McGeough
2398:
2393:
2388:
2386:Thomas McElwee
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2341:Pearse McAuley
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2236:Francis Hughes
2233:
2231:Brendan Hughes
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2196:Kieran Fleming
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2161:Martin Doherty
2158:
2156:Kieran Doherty
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2136:Gerard Davison
2133:
2128:
2126:Eddie Copeland
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2106:Gabriel Cleary
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2081:Fergal Caraher
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2051:Patricia Black
2048:
2043:
2038:
2036:Declan Arthurs
2033:
2028:
2022:
2020:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1914:Camden bombing
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1786:Proxy bombings
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1566:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1358:Clogher attack
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1318:Claudy bombing
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1259:
1257:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1186:Chief of Staff
1182:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1125:HM Prison Maze
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1100:Barrack buster
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1062:
1060:The Green Book
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1007:
999:
990:
989:
987:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
960:
958:
954:
953:
951:
950:
945:
940:
935:
933:Tomás Ó Fiaich
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
894:
892:
888:
887:
885:
884:
881:
878:
877:John Pickering
875:
872:
867:
862:
857:
856:Liam McCloskey
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
830:
828:
824:
823:
821:
820:
805:
803:
801:
800:
798:Michael Devine
795:
793:Thomas McElwee
790:
788:Kieran Doherty
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
758:Francis Hughes
755:
749:
747:
743:
742:
735:
734:
727:
720:
712:
705:
704:
692:
680:
655:
648:
623:
616:
598:
591:
558:
556:, pp. 229–234.
539:
527:
515:
508:
483:
466:
464:, pp. 351–352.
454:
434:
413:
392:
374:
349:
342:
317:
285:
283:
280:
279:
278:
271:
268:
236:Brendan Hughes
228:Main article:
225:
224:Hunger strikes
222:
202:
201:
198:
195:
192:
189:
156:Tomás Ó Fiaich
117:
114:
73:Main article:
70:
67:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3452:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3394:John McKeague
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3317:
3316:Johnnie White
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3276:Dessie O'Hare
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3206:Mickey Devine
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3174:Personalities
3172:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3074:Dirty protest
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3015:
3010:
3008:
3003:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2964:Richard Sykes
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2954:James Stronge
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2932:
2929:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2903:Thomas Oliver
2901:
2899:
2898:Robert Nairac
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2808:Joseph Fenton
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2793:Raymond Elder
2791:
2789:
2788:Eamon Collins
2786:
2784:
2783:Martin Cahill
2781:
2779:
2778:Matthew Burns
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Anthony Berry
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2742:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2667:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2636:Joseph Fenton
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2626:Eamon Collins
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2615:Espionage and
2613:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2596:Seamus Twomey
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:Dolours Price
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2491:Kieran Nugent
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2471:Arthur Morgan
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2461:Martin Meehan
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2436:Kevin McKenna
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2376:Joe McDonnell
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2346:Daniel McCann
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2316:Donna Maguire
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2306:Patrick Magee
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2246:Pearse Jordan
2244:
2242:
2241:Martin Hurson
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2121:Eamon Collins
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2086:Malachy Carey
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2076:Liam Campbell
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2061:Edward Butler
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:Thomas Begley
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2013:
2012:Personalities
2009:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1844:Clonoe ambush
1842:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1559:
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106:Kieran Nugent
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85:hunger strike
82:
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66:
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56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:dirty protest
23:
19:
3409:Billy Wright
3271:Patsy O'Hara
3241:Stephen King
3226:Tony Gregory
3084:Anti H-Block
3073:
3049:Official IRA
3039:The Troubles
2893:Lenny Murphy
2858:Jerry McCabe
2828:Heidi Hazell
2798:Gerard Evans
2709:Clan na Gael
2664:(allegedly "
2641:Kevin Fulton
2618:Supergrasses
2606:SĂ©anna Walsh
2591:Gerard Tuite
2586:Bobby Storey
2581:Jimmy Steele
2541:Marian Price
2481:Conor Murphy
2326:Paul Marlowe
2321:Larry Marley
2251:Brian Keenan
2206:Angelo Fusco
2181:Dessie Ellis
2176:Rose Dugdale
2146:Hugh Doherty
2131:Marion Coyle
2111:Peter Cleary
2096:Gerard Casey
2017:(Volunteers)
1950:
1949:Crossmaglen
1811:Coagh ambush
1733:
1666:
1524:
1268:Falls Curfew
1179:Organisation
1130:Anti H-Block
1119:
1080:IRA campaign
1065:The Troubles
1055:An Phoblacht
968:
883:James Devine
768:Patsy O'Hara
699:
695:
688:Ten Men Dead
687:
683:
671:. Retrieved
635:
626:
607:
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553:
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495:
486:
478:
461:
457:
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383:
377:
365:. Retrieved
330:Ten Men Dead
329:
308:. Retrieved
304:The Guardian
302:
289:
248:
233:
211:
203:
182:
177:
173:
168:
152:disinfectant
149:
144:
127:
119:
97:
78:
39:the Troubles
34:
30:
28:
18:
3404:Trevor King
3384:John Morley
3379:Henry Byrne
3341:Derivatives
3306:Hugh Torney
3266:Colm Murphy
3251:Kevin Lynch
3236:Seamus Grew
3231:Dessie Grew
3201:Miriam Daly
3181:Jimmy Brown
2949:Nick Spanos
2944:Sammy Smyth
2934:(allegedly)
2926:(allegedly)
2723:Derivatives
2576:Frank Stagg
2571:Pat Sheehan
2566:Seán Savage
2561:Bobby Sands
2551:Paddy Quinn
2526:Rita O'Hare
2431:Billy McKee
2406:Pat McGeown
2396:Tom McFeely
2336:Alex Maskey
2256:Gerry Kelly
2221:Dessie Grew
2201:Bernard Fox
2171:Colin Duffy
2166:Pat Doherty
2151:Joe Doherty
2141:Matt Devlin
2091:Owen Carron
2066:Paul Butler
2026:Paddy Agnew
1732:Derrygorry
1665:Aughanduff
1353:M62 bombing
1155:Disappeared
928:Owen Carron
870:Bernard Fox
852:Matt Devlin
847:Pat McGeown
837:Paddy Quinn
783:Kevin Lynch
753:Bobby Sands
567:Coogan, Tim
452:), page 229
367:1 September
256:Bobby Sands
139:Pat McGeown
89:Billy McKee
51:Maze Prison
3424:Categories
3325:Associates
3311:Sammy Ward
2974:Sammy Ward
2913:Paul Quinn
2773:Joe Bratty
2677:Associates
2666:Stakeknife
2556:Billy Reid
2546:Liam Quinn
2501:Ed O'Brien
2351:Fra McCann
2331:Leo Martin
2311:Paul Magee
2276:Jim Lynagh
2271:Sean Kelly
2261:John Kelly
2116:Kevin Coen
2071:Joe Cahill
957:Key events
948:John Magee
943:Denis Faul
938:Basil Hume
608:Blanketmen
581:. p.
310:16 October
282:References
108:began the
69:Background
45:(IRA) and
3296:Mary Reid
2908:Tim Parry
2813:Billy Fox
2744:Prominent
2601:Roy Walsh
2466:Ian Milne
2046:Ivor Bell
1831:1992–1997
1724:1990–1991
1669:shootdown
1562:1980–1989
1255:1970–1979
1045:Sinn FĂ©in
918:Jim Prior
702:, p. 375.
640:Pan Books
537:, p. 354.
525:, p. 353.
481:, p. 352.
432:, p. 351.
402:cite book
264:Jim Prior
135:excrement
63:excrement
55:a protest
3155:(denied)
3023:and the
2746:killings
1095:Weaponry
1069:Timeline
690:, p. 55.
634:(2003).
569:(2000).
494:(1997).
270:See also
131:slop out
3124:Attacks
3032:General
2823:Ian Gow
1953:downing
1736:downing
1734:Gazelle
1527:downing
1525:Gazelle
1246:Actions
1033:General
573:The IRA
2704:NORAID
673:27 May
669:. CAIN
646:
614:
589:
506:
448:
390:
363:. CAIN
340:
158:, the
146:place.
442:Brits
3025:IRSP
3021:INLA
1951:Lynx
1667:Lynx
675:2007
644:ISBN
612:ISBN
587:ISBN
504:ISBN
446:ISBN
408:link
388:ISBN
369:2007
338:ISBN
312:2007
29:The
583:490
57:at
41:by
3426::
2668:")
658:^
638:.
585:.
577:.
542:^
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410:)
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346:.
314:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
