Enforced disappearance

44: 1962: 504:, Louis Joinet, prepared the draft text to be adopted in 1992 by the General Assembly with the title Declaration on the Protection of All Persons Against enforced disappearances. The definition presented was based on the one traditionally used by the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances. Although the Declaration included as the primary obligation of States to enact specific criminal legislation, unlike the Convention against Torture, the principle of universal jurisdiction was not established nor was it agreed that the provisions of the Declaration and the recommendations of the Working Group were legally binding so that only a few states took concrete steps to comply with them. 1561:

terrorist group before the Supreme State Security Prosecution (SSSP). She was detained for 15 days pending further investigations at al-Qanater women's prison, while her almost 3-year-old son was handed over to relatives. However, Omar continued to be subjected to enforced disappearance. Amnesty International urged Egypt to conduct an effective investigation into the disappearance of the family, saying, "Seizing a young mother with her one-year-old baby and confining them in a room for 23 months outside the protection of the law and with no contact with the outside world show that Egyptian authorities' ongoing campaign to stamp out dissent and instill fear has reached a new level of brutality."

2486: 404:, and Elena Quinteros Almeida, missing since her arrest at the Venezuelan Embassy in Montevideo in June 1976, in an incident that led to the suspension of diplomatic relations between the two countries. In its judgments, the Committee relied on a number of articles of the International Covenant, in particular, those relating to "the right to liberty and personal security", "the right of detainees to be treated humanely and with respect to the inherent dignity of the human being" and "the right of every human being to the recognition of his juridical personality", while in the case of Quinteros, it was solved for the first time in favor of the relatives considered equally victims. 2586: 710: 885: 3462:. Ackerman asserted that the facility was the "scene of secretive work by special police units," where the "basic constitutional rights" of "poor, black and brown" Chicago city residents were violated. Ackerman asserted that "Chicagoans who end up inside do not appear to have a public, searchable record entered into a database indicating where they are, as happens when someone is booked at a precinct. Lawyers and relatives insist there is no way of finding their whereabouts. Those lawyers who have attempted to gain access to Homan Square are most often turned away, even as their clients remain in custody inside." 2318: 1071: 376:, which confirmed the systematic practice of enforced disappearances by successive military juntas. Despite the exhortations of non-governmental organizations and family organizations of the victims, in the same resolution of 31 October 1979, the General Assembly of the OAS issued a statement, after receiving pressure from the Argentine government, in which only the states in which persons had disappeared were urged to refrain from enacting or enforcing laws that might hinder the investigation of such disappearances. 161:, adopted by the UN General Assembly on December 20, 2006, states that the widespread or systematic practice of enforced disappearances constitutes a crime against humanity. It gives victims' families the right to seek reparations and to demand the truth about the disappearance of their loved ones. The convention provides the right not to be subjected to enforced disappearance, as well as the right for the relatives of the disappeared person to know the truth and ultimate fate of the disappeared person. 4110:"the Assembly expresses ... its special concern and indignation at the incessant disappearance of persons who, according to available evidence, can be attributed to political reasons and to the refusal of the Chilean authorities to accept their responsibility for a large number of Persons under such conditions or to explain it, or even to conduct an adequate investigation of the cases that have been brought to their attention." General Assembly resolution 32/118 of 16 December 1977, para. 2. 1387:, a Chinese Christian human rights attorney and dissident known for defending activists and religious minorities, has been subject to enforced disappearance since August 2017. Previously, in February 2009, Chinese security agents took him into custody, and his whereabouts remained unknown until March 2010, when he resurfaced and confirmed that he had been sentenced and tortured. In April 2010, his family reported him missing again. More than a year and a half later, in December 2011, CCP media 543:

Since 2004 the Working Group had clarified 1,776 cases. In the previous report of 2007, the number of cases had been 51,531 and affected 79 countries. Many of the countries in the cases are affected internally by violent conflicts, while in other countries the practice of repressive policies towards political opponents is denounced. In other countries, generally in the western and European hemispheres, there are still historical cases that remain unresolved and constitute permanent crimes.

3504: 2371: 2139: 1862: 1801: 1491: 858:. According to the report of a domestic human rights organization, 82 people have disappeared from January to September 2014. After the disappearances, at least 39 of the victims were found dead while others remained missing. On 25 June 2010, an opposition leader Chowdhury Alam was arrested by the state police and remained missing since then. His abduction was later denied by the law enforcing agencies. On 17 April 2012, another prominent leader, 2022: 384:

of disappearances in cases that can be attributed to governments, as well as issuing recommendations to the commission and governments on the improvement of the protection afforded to miss persons and their families and to prevent cases of enforced disappearance. Since then, different causes began to be developed in various international legal bodies, whose sentences served to establish a specific jurisprudence on enforced disappearance.

9252: 2230:, a Belfast mother of 10, widowed a few months before she disappeared, who the IRA claimed was an informer. The search for her remains was abandoned in 1999, but her body was discovered in 2003, a mile from where the IRA had indicated, by a family out on a walk. Since then seven more victims have been found—one in 2008, three in 2010, one in 2014, two in 2015 and one in 2017. As of 2017, three have yet to be located. 788:) to leave no trace of their death. Without any bodies, the government could deny any knowledge of their whereabouts and accusations that they had been killed. The forced disappearances were the military junta's attempt to silence the opposition and break the determination of the guerrillas. Missing people who are presumed to have been murdered in this and other ways are today referred to as "the disappeared" ( 2351:, and was last seen on the night of 19 March 1971 while putting up posters for the national congress of the Movement for a Democratic Philippines (MDP), inside the PCC Lepanto compound. The family suspected the Philippine government military in his abduction. Del Rosario, who was never seen nor heard from since, is considered the first victim of enforced disappearance during the Marcos regime. 3075: 2970: 3288:, a Thai political exile, and two aides went missing from their home in Vientiane, Laos. The two aides were later found murdered. Some in the Thai media see the forced disappearances and murders as a warning to anti-monarchists. As of January 2019, Surachai remains missing. The number of "disappeared" Thai activists exiled in Laos may be as high as five since 2015. 3358:, 12 individual cases of enforced disappearances in Turkey since 2016 were documented under the emergency rule. The research titled as "Enforced Disappearances in Turkey" claimed that all cases were connected to clandestine elements within Turkish security forces. Turkish authorities were reluctant to investigate the cases despite pleas from family members. 517:

convention within the framework of the United Nations. This was followed by the deliberations of the 1981 Paris Colloquium submitted by Louis Joinet in the form of a draft subcommittee in August 1988. Several governments, international organizations and non-governmental organizations responded to the invitation of Secretary-General

870:, at least 19 opposition men were picked up by security forces. The incidents of enforced disappearances were condemned by both domestic and international human rights organizations. Despite the demands for the government initiatives to probe such disappearances, investigations into such cases were absent. 9256: 2357:

was a group of activists working in Central Luzon during Marcos' martial law in the Philippines. These 10 university students and professors were abducted and made to disappear during martial law. Three of them were later killed and "surfaced" by suspected agents of the state. The rest remain missing

1589:

Disappearances usually took place during operations whose purpose was the detention and later the disappearance or execution of persons identified as or suspected of being government opponents, including civilians who had nothing to do with the conflict, with the apparent aim of generating terror and

1369:

to act as the Panchen Lama, though Norbu is not recognized as the Panchen Lama in Tibet or elsewhere (beyond China). Nyima has not been seen in public since he was taken into custody, though the Chinese government claims that he is alive and well, but that he "does not wish to be disturbed". Enforced

460:

and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950, became a single permanent and binding court for all the Member States of the Council of Europe. Although the European Convention does not contain any express prohibition of the practice of enforced disappearance, the Court dealt with several cases of disappearance in

803:

were formed in 1977 by mothers and grandmothers of the "disappeared" victims of the dictatorship to find the children born in captivity during the Dirty War, and later to determine the culprits of crimes against humanity and promote their trial and sentencing. Some 500 children are estimated to have

772:

justified torture to obtain intelligence and saw the disappearances as a way to curb political dissidence. Abducted pregnant women were kept captive until they gave birth, then often killed. It is estimated that 500 babies born in this way were given for informal adoption to families with close ties

335:

Earlier, in February 1975, the UN Commission on Human Rights had used the terms "persons unaccounted for" or "persons whose disappearance was not justified," in a resolution that dealt with the disappearances in Cyprus as a result of the armed conflict that resulted in the division of the island, as

272:

Throughout the nineteenth century, along with the technological advancements applied to wars that led to increased mortality among combatants and damage to civilian populations, movements for humanitarian awareness in Western societies resulted in the founding of the first humanitarian organizations

3040:

acquired confidential U.N. documents that record nearly 7,000 civilian deaths in the no-fire zone up to the end of April. The toll then surged, the paper quoted unidentified U.N. sources as saying, with an average of 1,000 civilians killed each day until 19 May, when the government declared victory

516:

In view of the meager success of the United Nations Declaration, a non-binding instrument that could only marginally influence the practice of enforced disappearances, a number of non-governmental organizations and several experts proposed strengthening protection against disappearances, adopting a

383:

considered one of the proposals made and decided on 29 February 1980 to set up the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, the first of the so-called thematic mechanisms of the commission and the most important body of the United Nations that has since been dealing with the problem

267:

Art. 7. No person may be charged, detained, or imprisoned except in cases determined by the law and in the manner prescribed therein. Those requesting, facilitating, executing, or executing arbitrary orders must be punished... Art. 12. The guarantee of the rights of man and of the citizen needs a

3019:

Since 1980, 12,000 Sri Lankans have gone missing after being detained by security forces. More than 55,000 people have been killed in the past 27 years. The figures are still lower than the then-current Sri Lankan government's 2009 estimate of 17,000 people missing, which was made after it came to

542:

The report of the 2009 Working Group recorded a total of 53,232 cases transmitted by the Working Group to Governments since their inception in 1980 and affecting 82 states. The number of cases that are still under study due to lack of clarification, closed or discontinuous cases amounts to 42,600.

3550:

cause a particular risk for migrants to become victims of enforced disappearances. This has been recognized by the UN's Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances. Also the UN Committee on Enforced Disappearances recognized the increased risk of enforced disappearances as a result of

3484:

documents that 200 cases of forced disappearances in 2018 increased to 524 in 2019, attributed to increased protests. The analysis found that the average disappearance lasted just over five days, suggesting the government sought to avoid the scrutiny that might accompany large-scale and long-term

538:

Since the establishment of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights (CHR) in 1980, the crime of enforced disappearance has proved to be a global problem, affecting many countries on five continents. It is the subject of a special

234:

he arrest, detention or abduction of persons by, or with the authorization, support or acquiescence of, a State or a political organization, followed by a refusal to acknowledge that deprivation of freedom or to give information on the fate or whereabouts of those persons, to remove them from the

153:

In February 1980, the United Nations established the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, "the first United Nations human rights thematic mechanism to be established with a universal mandate." Its main task "is to assist families in determining the fate or whereabouts of their

512:

in 1988, was subjected to lengthy discussions and modifications that resulted in their stagnation. In June 1994, the OAS General Assembly finally approved the Inter-American Convention on the Forced Disappearance of Persons, which would be the first legally binding instrument on the subject, and

230:, enforced disappearances constitute a crime against humanity when committed as a part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population with the knowledge of the attack. The Rome Statute defines enforced disappearances differently than international human rights law: 164:

The convention contains several provisions concerning the prevention, investigation, and sanctioning of this crime. It also contains provisions about the rights of victims and their relatives, and the wrongful removal of children born during their captivity. The convention further sets forth the

352:

had made an international appeal that, with the support of the French government, obtained the response of the General Assembly in the form of resolution 33/173 of 20 December 1978, which specifically referred to "missing persons" and requested the Commission on Human Rights to make appropriate

1537:

as a key instrument to terrify, interrogate and torture opponents of El-Sisi under the guise of counter-terrorism efforts. Hundreds of people forcibly disappeared including political activists, protesters, women and children. Around three to four people are seized per day by the heavily armed

1560:

condemned Egyptian authorities for the forced disappearance of a husband and wife, Omar Abdelhamid Abu el-Naga and Manar Adel Abu el-Naga, along with their one-year-old child, al-Baraa, after being arrested on 9 March 2019. On 20 February 2021, the wife was questioned about having links to a

529:

On 20 December 2006, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the text of the International Convention on the Forced Disappearance of Persons after more than 25 years of development and was signed in Paris on 6 February 2007 at a ceremony to which representatives of the 53 first signatory

476:

of 14 December 1995 which, although it was declared incompetent by ratione temporis to deal with the majority of the 20,000 cases reported, it issued a number of sentences against the Serbian Republic of Bosnia and the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which compensated several families of

3273:

in Thailand. The band announced on social media that its members feared for their lives after "many trusted people told us that the Thai military will come to kill us." All of those who disappeared in late-2018 and early-2019 were accused by Thai authorities of anti-monarchical activity.

675:

victory, thousands of people were forcibly disappeared. Disappearances continued up to the late 1990s, but thereafter dropped off sharply with the decline in violence in 1997. Some of the disappeared were kidnapped or killed by the guerrillas but others are presumed to have been taken by

312:

was condemned in connection with his role in the application of the "NN decree" by Adolf Hitler, although, as it had not been accepted at the time that enforced disappearances were crimes against humanity, the International Criminal Tribunal in Nuremberg found him guilty of war crimes.

489:(Institute of Human Rights of the Paris Law School) organized a high-level symposium to promote an international convention on disappearances, followed by several draft declarations and conventions proposed by the Argentine League for Human Rights, FEDEFAM at the annual congress of 3250:, was kidnapped by Thai police and has since disappeared. Officially listed as a disappeared person, his presumed widow, Ankhana Neelapaichit, has been seeking justice for her husband since Somchai went missing. On 11 March 2009, Mrs Neelapaichit was part of a special panel at the 1391:

reported that he had been sentenced to three years in prison. After his release in August 2014, he was placed under house arrest for three more years until August 13, 2017, when he disappeared again. There has been no information from the Chinese government about his whereabouts.

2440:(ECHR). In March 2005 the court issued the first rulings on Chechnya, finding the Russian government guilty of violating the right to life and the prohibition of torture with respect to civilians who had died or been forcibly disappeared at the hands of Russia's federal troops. 2524:

During the persecution of alleged leftist sympathizers during the war, ordinary civilians under suspicion were rounded up and grouped into four groups A, B, C and D. Groups C and D were shot immediately and buried in unmarked mass graves. A and B were drafted and/or sent on to

3049:

said. "Higher", a U.N. source told the paper. "Keep going." The United Nations has previously said 7,000 civilians were killed in fighting between January and May. A top Sri Lankan official called the 20,000-figure unfounded. Gordon Weiss, a U.N. spokesman in Sri Lanka, told

176:

Disappearances work on two levels: not only do they silence opponents and critics who have disappeared, but they also create uncertainty and fear in the wider community, silencing others they think would oppose and criticize. Disappearances entail the violation of many

3350:

In April 2009, state prosecutors in Turkey ordered the excavation of several sites around Turkey believed to hold Kurdish victims of state death squads from the 1980s and 1990s, in response to calls for Turkey's security establishment to come clean about past abuses.

364:, issuing a report to the General Assembly on 21 November 1979. Felix Ermacora's report became a reference point on the legal issue of crime by including a series of conclusions and recommendations which were later collected by international organizations and bodies. 2613:'s dictatorship (1939–1975), an estimated 114,226 people "disappeared" by being forcibly taken away by either official or unofficial armed groups, where they were secretly murdered and later buried in undisclosed locations. The report also mentions the systematic 2252:

in 2001.Enforced disappearances constitute a significant human rights issue in Pakistan, with the reported alleged cases exceeding 7,000 according to Commission of Inquiry on Enforced Disappearances however about 5000 of these cases have been resolved.

3299:

Indonesian passports. The trio are wanted in Thailand for insulting the monarchy and failing to report when summoned by the junta after the 2014 Thai coup d'état. Their disappearance passed the one year mark on 8 May 2020 with still no sign of the trio.

4210:

Blake v. Guatemala, complaint No. 11219/1993, judgment of 24 January 1998. Villigran Morales y Alcase v. Guatemala, complaint No. 11383/1994, judgment of 19 November 1999. Bámaca Velásquez v. Guatemala, complaint No. 11129/1993, judgment of 25 November

1759:

have perpetrated gross human rights violations with impunity. The report by Ensaaf and HRDAG, "Violent Deaths and Enforced Disappearances During the Counterinsurgency in Punjab, India", presents empirical findings suggesting that the intensification of

1694:

was one of the first countries where people were disappeared as a generalized practice of terror against a civilian population. Forced disappearances was widely practiced by the United States-backed military government of Guatemala during the 36-year

3138:

took his father's policy further and considered any voice questioning anything about Syria's political, economic, social, or otherwise policies should be monitored and when needed, detained and accused of weakening national empathy. A recent case is

396:, established in 1977 in accordance with article 28 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to monitor compliance by states parties with their obligations, issued in March 1982 and July 1983, two sentences condemning the State of 2225:

admitted to killing nine of the disappeared and gave information on the location of these bodies, but only three bodies were recovered on that occasion, one of which had already been exhumed and placed in a coffin. The best-known case was that of

1545:

Between 1 August 2016 and mid-August 2017, 378 individuals have been forcibly disappeared. 291 people have been located, while the rest are still forcibly disappeared. Of the 52 children who disappeared in 2017, three were extrajudicially killed.

684:. This latter group has become the most controversial. Their exact numbers remain disputed, but the government has acknowledged a figure of just over 6,000 disappeared, now presumed dead. The war claimed a total toll of 150,000–200,000 lives. 295:

and whom the regime detained and condemned to death in the occupied territories of Europe. However, the executions were not carried out immediately; at one time, the people were deported to Germany and imprisoned at locations such as the

423:

by heavily armed civilians connected with the Honduran Armed Forces and Saúl Godínez Cruz. Since the express definition of the crime of enforced disappearance had not yet been defined, the Court had to rely on different articles of the

1988:), between 2006 and 2011, 5,397 people have disappeared. Of these, 3,457 are men, 1,885 are women, but there is no information about the other 55. Usually, the forced disappearances occur in groups and are of people not related to the 3154:

and its allied militants of kidnapping tens of thousands of people since 2011. The international organization said that such acts represent a crime against humanity. The organization called Syrian government to allow the entry of the

371:

adopted a resolution on Chile on 31 October, in which it declared that the practice of disappearances was "an affront to the conscience of the hemisphere", after having sent in September a mission of the Inter-American Commission to

168:

The convention establishes a Committee on Enforced Disappearances, which will be charged with important and innovative functions of monitoring and protection at an international level. Currently, an international campaign called the

1764:

operations in Punjab in the 1980s to 1990s was accompanied by a shift in state violence from targeted lethal human rights violations to systematic enforced disappearances and extrajudicial executions, accompanied by mass "illegal

6192: 3281:: Itthipol Sukpaen, who vanished in June 2016; and Wuthipong "Ko Tee" Kochathamakun, who disappeared from his residence in July 2017. Eyewitnesses said Wuthipong was abducted by a group of Thai-speaking men dressed in black. 328:, 1973. The report of the Working Group to Investigate the Situation of Human Rights in that country, which was submitted to the United Nations Commission on February 4, 1976, illustrated such a case for the first time, when 3632: 1784:, the border that has divided India and Pakistan since 1972. According to a report published by the commission, many of the bodies were likely to be those of civilians who disappeared more than a decade earlier in a brutal 158: 123: 1461:

Lee's disappearance drew wide attention. The disappearance of all five men were speculated to be connected to some upcoming news releases that would have embarrassed the Chinese Communist Party. Hong Kong citizens, under

1022:

system, which required extreme action to overturn. Some of the most famous cases of human rights violations occurred during the early period: in October 1973, at least 70 people were killed throughout the country by the

3927: 6446: 2545: 8170: 3385:

was abducted. The de facto DPR government first denied knowing his whereabouts, but on 16 July, an agent of the DPR's Ministry of State Security confirmed that Aseyev was in their custody and that he is suspected of

5434: 1525:. In 2008, the corpses of 300 victims were identified and 600 more during the following year. According to Colombian officials, it will take many years before all the bodies that have been recovered are identified. 975:'s UP coalition. All other parties were placed in "indefinite recess", and later banned outright. The regime's violence was directed not only against dissidents, but also against their families and other civilians. 5582: 1311:(FPMR, the armed wing of the PCC, created in 1983, which had attempted to assassinate Pinochet on 7 September 1986), was assassinated by a group of military personnel who were supposed to arrest him on orders of 9123:"USA: Torture, War Crimes, Accountability: Visit to Switzerland of Former U.S. President George W. Bush and Swiss Obligations Under International Law: Amnesty International's Memorandum to the Swiss Authorities" 2532:

Survivors and family members of extrajudicially killed and disappeared or re-educated persons faced death and forced disappearance if they talked about these incidences during the period of authoritarian rule.

4064:

Office of United States Chief of Counsel for Prosecution of Axis Criminality, Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression, 8 vols. and 2 suppl. vols.VII, 873-874 (Doc. No. L-90) Washington, DC: Government Printing Office,

3183:

reported that Police General Vasit Dejkunjorn, founder of the Thai Spring movement, told a seminar that forced disappearance is a tool which corrupt state power uses to eliminate individuals deemed a threat.

1703:

and security forces between 1954 and 1996. The tactic of disappearance first saw widespread use in Guatemala during the mid-1960s, as government repression became widespread when the military adopted harsher

3427:("Gitmo") in Cuba secret, from its opening on 11 January 2002 to 20 April 2006. An official list of the 558 individuals then held in the camp was published on 20 April 2006 in response to a court order from 982:

concluded 2,279 persons who disappeared during the military dictatorship were killed for political reasons or as a result of political violence, and approximately 31,947 were tortured according to the later

1788:. "There is every probability that these unidentified dead bodies buried in various unmarked graves at 38 places of North Kashmir may contain the dead bodies of enforced disappearances", the report stated. 831:

cable first published by John Dinges in 2004, the Argentine 601st Intelligence Battalion, which started counting victims in 1975, in mid-1978 estimated that 22,000 persons had been killed or "disappeared".

71:

followed by a refusal to acknowledge the person's fate or whereabouts with the intent of placing the victim outside the protection of the law. Often, forced disappearance implies murder whereby a victim is

823:. They are not alive, neither are they dead. They are just missing". It is thought that between 1976 and 1983 in Argentina, up to 30,000 people (8,960 named cases, according to the official report by the 530:

countries attended and in which 20 of them immediately ratified it. On 19 April 2007, the Commission on Human Rights updated the list of countries that ratified the convention, which included 59 nations.

507:

The United Nations Declaration, despite its shortcomings, served to awaken the regional project for the American continent commissioned by the OAS General Assembly in 1987, which, although drafted by the

9520: 1441:

leaders. These books were banned from mainland China but were popular among the tourists visiting Hong Kong. Towards the end of October 2015, four co-owners and managers of the bookstore and publisher,

3949: 2173:, forced disappearances of nationals are characterized by detention without contact or explanation to the families of the detained. Foreign citizens, many of whom are ethnic Koreans who were living in 6577: 2114:

and ongoing opposition movement, thousands of people have been abducted by Myanmar security forces, including politicians, election officials, journalists, activists, and protesters. According to the

1458:. Lee had expressed concern for his safety in various interviews after his colleagues disappeared and intentionally left all travel documents at home (confirmed by his wife after his disappearance). 8619: 6256: 2065:(mostly controlled by Morocco). There have been charges brought against some Moroccan military heads, some of them currently in power as of 2010, such as the head of Morocco's armed forces, General 5552: 2643:

is failing to its duties in these matters. As of 2017 the Spanish authorities keep actively hampering the investigation into forced disappearances that took place during and after the civil war.

2299:

Iyad al Bazom said "We urge the Egyptian interior ministry to secure the lives of the kidnapped passengers and free them". Until the moment, no group claimed responsibility for the kidnappings.

8329: 1755:(HRDAG), claiming "verifiable quantitative" findings on mass disappearances and extrajudicial executions in the Indian state of Punjab. It claims that in conflict-afflicted states like Punjab, 1471: 3163:, have been forcibly disappeared between March 2011 and August 2015. The Syrian government, on the other hand, has repeatedly denied reports accusing it of committing crimes against humanity. 1585:, it is estimated that more than 5,500 persons may have been the victims of enforced disappearance. The Office of the Procurator for the Protection of Human Rights of El Salvador claims that: 7557: 6967: 4821: 415:

promulgated the first convictions declaring the State of Honduras guilty of violating its duty to respect and guarantee the rights to life, liberty, and personal integrity of the disappeared

8680: 9448: 8813: 5123: 8713: 8910: 4868: 3378:

said that his forces detained up to five "Ukrainian subversives" each day. It was estimated that about 632 people were under illegal detention by separatist forces on 11 December 2014.

3291:

Siam Theerawut, Chucheep Chivasut, and Kritsana Thapthai, three Thai anti-monarchy activists, went missing on 8 May 2019, when they are thought to have been extradited to Thailand from

2308: 4192:

Molina Theissen: Court I.D.H., Case of Velásquez Rodríguez, Judgment of 29 July 1988. Series C No. 4; And, Court I.D.H., Godínez Cruz Case, Judgment of 20 January 1989. Series C No. 5.

146:'s Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance of Persons. There is also evidence that enforced disappearances occur systematically during armed conflict, such as Nazi Germany's 6184: 2654:

Identification and systematic analysis of the bones of victims in mass graves have not yet, to date, been undertaken by any government of the current Spanish democracy (since 1977).

1437:

Lee was a co-owner of the Causeway Bay Books and the Might Current publishing house that specialized in selling books concerning the political gossip and other lurid subjects of the

291:

decree, one of the most prominent antecedents of the crime of enforced disappearance. The trials included the testimony of 20 of those persons considered a threat to the security of

8148: 304:

III. …In case German or foreign authorities inquire about such prisoners, they are to be told that they were arrested, but that the proceedings do not allow any further information.

9001: 4796: 1570: 7620: 7100: 6785: 106:, which came into force on July 1, 2002, when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed at any civilian population, enforced disappearance qualifies as a 6753: 3159:'s international committee of inquiry observers in order to access information related to the detainees. Amnesty International has claimed that more than 65,000 people, mostly 9163: 8780: 7524: 6214:

Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (26 October 2007). Mission to El Salvador (Report). United Nations Human Rights Council. pp. 8–9. A/HRC/7/2/Add.2.

2215: 501: 4681: 8178: 912:(KGB) had had them under constant surveillance, the official investigation announced that the case could not be solved. The investigation of the disappearance of journalist 6438: 5935: 5424: 9328: 8747: 7067: 7003: 5574: 5370: 485:

In parallel with the resolutions of the international organizations, several non-governmental organizations drafted projects for an international convention. In 1981, the

8393: 4574:"Death Flight Tale Rekindles Memories of 'Dirty War': Argentina: Ex-officer describes throwing leftists out of planes into sea. Thousands believed victims of this policy" 9033: 8555: 5608: 5039: 411:(OAS) declared by its resolution 666 XIII-0/83 that any enforced disappearance should be described as a crime against humanity. A few years later, in 1988 and 1989, the 9289: 904:, as well as his business associate Anatol Krasouski, disappeared. Hanchar and Krasouski disappeared the same day of a broadcast on state television in which President 691:

was approved in a referendum. It granted financial compensation to families of the "disappeared", but also effectively ended the police investigations into the crimes.

8877: 5774: 5166: 1935:

activists, have been targeted by forced disappearances. Dissident writers have been the target of disappearances, as have members of religious minorities, such as the

6288: 2049:, where some of them died due to poor conditions or lack of medical treatment. The most famous case of forced disappearance in Morocco is that of political dissident 9065: 8458: 7742: 3627: 8940: 8515: 6477: 6227: 5069: 4937: 3416:. AI lists at "least 39 detainees, all of whom are still missing, who are believed to have been held in secret sites run by the United States government overseas." 513:

entered into force on 28 March 1996, after its ratification by eight countries: Argentina, Panama, Uruguay, Costa Rica, Paraguay, Venezuela, Bolivia and Guatemala.

9570:'Nieto Recuperado'—Born to Parents Disappeared by Argentina's Dictatorship, Kidnapped and Raised by a Military Family, a 'Recovered Grandchild' Finds His Way Home" 7494: 5996: 4746: 3593: 824: 7960: 5324: 8012: 4545:

Gandsman, Ari (16 April 2009). "'A Prick of a Needle Can Do No Harm': Compulsory Extraction of Blood in the Search for the Children of Argentina's Disappeared".

2463:

footage from a camera at a nearby shop captured a group of men stopping Ibragimov, speaking with him briefly before forcing him into their van. According to the

2273:. They were abducted by unidentified gunmen according to the Egyptian security officials. The abducted men were in a bus carrying fifty of the Palestinians from 757:, contributed up to 30,000 desaparecidos, or disappeared persons, to the overall count in the Dirty War. The victims would be shipped to places like a garage or 546:

In the official UN report of 2009, of the 82 countries where the cases of missing persons were identified, the largest number (more than 1000) transmitted were:

170: 4904: 1434:

in which they would usually converse) he had to assist with some investigation for a while, and he could not be home nor provide more information for a while.

9380:

Citroni, Gabriella (2016). "The Specialist Chambers of Kosovo: The Applicable Law and the Special Challenges Related to the Crime of Enforced Disappearance".

2436:

committed during the course of the conflict in Chechnya. Unable to secure justice domestically, hundreds of victims of abuse have filed applications with the

1769:". Furthermore, there is key evidence suggesting security forces tortured, executed, and disappeared tens of thousands of people in Punjab from 1984 to 1995. 1521:

In 2009, Colombian prosecutors reported that an estimated 28,000 people have disappeared due to paramilitary and guerrilla groups during the nation's ongoing

1094:, Pinochet's predecessor and army commander under Allende, who had resigned rather than support the moves against Allende's government, was assassinated by a 154:

family members who have reportedly disappeared." In August 2014, the working group reported 43,250 unresolved cases of disappearances in 88 different states.

9494:

Report of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances on enforced disappearances in the context of migration, A/HRC/36/39/Add.2, 28 July 2017

6567: 4776: 4381: 4125: 400:

for the cases of Eduardo Bleier, a former member of the Communist Party of Uruguay, residing in Hungary and Israel, disappeared after his arrest in 1975 in

8609: 6816: 6246: 4300: 6159: 5542: 3546:

The increasingly perilous journeys of migrants and refugees and the ever more rigid migration policies of states and transnational organizations like the

1597:

occurred, which is thought to have been "part of a deliberate strategy within the violence institutionalized by the State during the period of conflict".

8586: 4406: 2635:

It was not until 2008 that the first attempt was made to take the issue to court, with that attempt failing and with the judge in charge of the process,

909: 256: 5228: 539:

follow-up by the HRC which regularly publishes reports on its complaint and situation, as well as the response and action of the governments concerned.

9602: 7035: 3412:(AI), the United States has engaged in forced disappearance of prisoners of war, all captured overseas and never taken to the US, in the course of its 8321: 5869: 10170: 5402: 3872: 3692: 3347:(İHD) and the International Committee Against Disappearances (ICAD), organise a series of events in Turkey to mark the "Week of Disappeared People". 2639:, being himself impeached and subsequently disqualified. The UN's Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances has openly stated that the 2057:

in 1965. In February 2007, Morocco signed an international convention protecting people against forced disappearance. In October 2007, Spanish judge

324:

have been the first international human rights bodies to react to the phenomenon of disappearances, following complaints made in connection with the

274: 9358: 7547: 6957: 5833: 5693: 4832: 9557: 8671: 5006: 4973: 1371: 8972: 6935: 10060: 9438: 8803: 8052: 7832: 6025: 5133: 5101: 3762: 1927:, more than 70 students disappeared. In addition to an estimated 1,200–1,400 detained, the "whereabouts and condition" of five students named by 917: 165:

obligation of international cooperation, both in the suppression of the practice and in dealing with humanitarian aspects related to the crime.

8703: 8234: 7799: 8900: 4583: 2548:. Some of the forced disappearance victims include high-profile politicians such as late South Korean President and Nobel Peace Prize laureate 2444: 2115: 8085: 4858: 4009: 7431: 7310: 5277: 1319:

him; this case was included in the Rettig Report. Among the killed and disappeared during the military dictatorship were 440 MIR guerrillas.

688: 677: 268:

public force. This force is therefore instituted for the benefit of all, and not for the particular utility of those who are in charge of it.

7951:"Observaciones preliminares del Grupo de Trabajo sobre las Desapariciones Forzadas o Involuntarias de la ONU al concluir su visita a España" 2126:, there are over 1,000 cases of children who have been arbitrarily arrested and detained, many without access to lawyers or their families. 8415: 7684: 3261:

According to the legal assistance group Thai Lawyers for Human Rights, at least 86 Thais left Thailand seeking asylum abroad following the

1831:

According to historian John Roosa, the first example of forced disappearances being used as a weapon of terror in Asia occurred during the

776:

Eventually, many of the captives were heavily drugged and loaded onto aircraft, from which they were thrown alive while in flight over the

7715: 6420: 1903:

On 15 December 2019, two Iraqi activists and friends – Salman Khairallah Salman and Omar al-Amri – disappeared amidst ongoing protests in

9472:

Disappeared Migrants and Refugees. The Relevance of the International Convention on Enforced Disappearance in their search and protection

8994: 8231:"SRI LANKA: Registers on entry and leaving of internally displaced persons needs to be created urgently to prevent forced disappearances" 8138: 6510: 6091: 6081:"Continuous violation and justice absent: A report on the phenomenon of the disappearance of the priest in rural Egypt within five years" 4468: 3251: 2557: 1550: 7090: 5464: 4783: 43: 9540:—Website for people looking for family members missing due to a conflict or natural disaster. International Committee of the Red Cross. 9132: 9100: 8484: 8298: 7612: 6839: 3697: 2628:. The families of the deceased soldiers speculate that the bodies of the disappeared members of this unit may have ended up in unknown 2576: 1553:(ECRF) released a five-year report on forced disappearances, revealing that the country documented 2,723 such cases since August 2015. 761:

and tortured for multiple days. Many of the disappeared were people who were considered to be a political or ideological threat to the

139: 7462: 6775: 1470:

in that PRC law enforcement cannot operate in the special administrative region (SAR). Lee's disappearance was considered a threat to

9949: 9197: 7400: 7370: 7340: 6962: 6745: 6629: 4714: 4614: 2348: 1848: 954: 509: 380: 321: 317: 277:

in 1859, and the first international typification of abuses and crimes in the form of the 1864 Geneva Convention. In 1946, after the

9155: 8770: 7516: 5807: 4256:

Unkovic v. The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Case No. CH / 99/2150, decision on admissibility and merits of 9 November 2001.

1657:), to describe those who disappeared after being arrested by Nazi forces without any warning. The Nazis applied this policy against 1106:, in 1974. A year later, the deaths of 119 opponents abroad were claimed as the product of infighting between Marxist factions, the 10225: 10130: 9621:

What is considered a human right is in some cases controversial; not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights

7889: 6723: 4663: 3897: 3832: 1911:

warning to security forces and other unnamed militia groups, of carrying out a campaign of kidnapping and 'deliberate killings' in

1844: 9223: 7982: 1613:

from other countries in the region and holding them in secret detention. For example, in January 2010 four men were abducted from

468:

Another body providing the basis for the legal definition of the crime of enforced disappearance was the Human Rights Chamber for

10240: 9854: 6362: 5925: 5496: 1832: 1582: 9312: 8736: 7057: 6993: 6697: 6665: 5350: 4640: 4083:

Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, 1974 OEA / Ser.L / V / II.34, Doc.31, Rev.1, of 30 December 1974

300:, where they ended up disappearing and no information about their whereabouts and fate was given as per point III of the decree: 9655: 9595: 8383: 7178: 4351: 3200: 1977:

disappeared, although the exact number is unclear. During the 1970s, around 470 people were disappeared in the municipality of

1717: 1708:

measures. The first documented case of forced disappearance by the government in Guatemala occurred in March 1966, when thirty

1246: 1239: 931:, confirmed that it was his unit which had arrested, taken away, and murdered Zecharanka and that they later did the same with 928: 769: 297: 8208: 5604: 2244:

In Pakistan, the systematic practice of enforced disappearance in Pakistan originated in the era of military dictator General

10025: 9479: 9273: 9026: 7934: 7237: 6418:

Violent Deaths and Enforced Disappearances During the Counterinsurgency in Punjab, India: A Preliminary Quantitative Analysis

6323: 5676: 5643: 5526: 5364: 5301: 5263: 5200: 3911: 3728: 3323:

Turkish human rights groups accuse the Turkish security forces of being responsible for the disappearance of more than 1,500

2869: 2464: 1744:

Ensaaf, a nonprofit organization working to end impunity and achieve justice for mass state crimes in India, with a focus on

393: 185: 9416: 8867: 7589: 6329: 5784: 5156: 1107: 1083: 1064: 10140: 10120: 10080: 9823: 8267: 7769: 7280: 6607: 6278: 5352:

Su revolución contra nuestra revolución: izquierdas y derechas en el Chile, Verónica Valdivia Ortiz de Zárate, p. 179, 2006

5031: 3842: 3822: 3782: 3637: 3471: 2959: 2536:

Many of the forced disappearances and accidentally discovered mass graves during authoritarian rule were falsely blamed on

841: 416: 412: 9224:"List of Individuals Detained by the Department of Defense at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba from January 2002 through May 15, 2006" 9058: 8545: 8448: 7651: 5665:

Quindoza, Rosa Bella M. (2008). "At the Heart of Tiananmen: Involuntary Disappearance in the People's Republic of China".

5252:"Chapter 1: Finding the Pinochet File: Pursuing Truth, Justice, and Historical Memory Through Declassified U.S. Documents" 3093: 3085: 2988: 2980: 999:, a combined operation between the intelligence agencies of various South American countries, assisted by a United States 208:. Their families, who often spend the rest of their lives searching for information on the disappeared, are also victims. 10195: 10050: 9982: 9934: 9705: 9230: 8932: 8523: 7866: 7484: 7122: 6469: 6224: 5902: 5061: 4926: 3752: 3668: 3420: 3172: 2329: 2239: 1773: 1726:

petitions) to require the government to present the detainees at court, some of the students were "disappeared" in turn.

1573:, enforced disappearances were systematically carried out in El Salvador both prior to (starting in 1978) and during the 1231: 457: 425: 360:

and Waleed M. Sadi, who later resigned due to political pressure, to study the question of the fate of disappearances in

6225:

Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, Manfred Nowak

5986: 1716:. This was one of the first major instances of forced disappearance in Latin American history. When law students at the 1308: 10150: 10090: 10045: 9257:

List of Individuals Detained by the Department of Defense at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba from January 2002 through 15 May 2006

6550: 5321: 4438: 3852: 3792: 3747: 3737: 3663: 2341: 1776:

State Human Rights Commission (SHRC) recommended the identification of 2,156 people buried in unmarked graves in north

1254: 1188: 879: 859: 742: 9566: 8020: 7950: 10160: 10125: 10070: 9588: 8845: 4325: 4101:

General Assembly resolution 3450 (XXX) of 9 December 1975. General Assembly resolution 3448 (XXX) of 9 December 1975.

3862: 3827: 3772: 3588: 3344: 3111: 3006: 1401: 1210:(the assassination attempt seriously injured Leighton and his wife, Anita Fresno, leaving her permanently disabled); 867: 800: 9548: 3434:. Another list, stated to be of all 759 individuals who had been held in Guantanamo, was published on 20 May 2006. 850:

regime, at least 500 people – most of whom are opposition leaders and activists – have been declared disappeared in

10115: 10085: 10055: 8139:"España sigue bloqueando la investigación de las desapariciones del franquismo tras 15 años de reproches de la ONU" 7901: 5631: 4894: 3817: 3787: 3757: 3254:

to commemorate her husband's disappearance and to keep attention focused on the case and on human rights abuses in

2061:

declared the competence of the Spanish jurisdiction in the Spanish-Sahrawi disappearances between 1976 and 1987 in

1752: 1539: 944: 587: 8115: 7148: 2553: 1249:

intelligence officers for his denunciation of Operation Condor. Furthermore, according to current investigations,

718: 10190: 10165: 10135: 10110: 8641: 6904: 5957: 5397: 4374: 3867: 3837: 3812: 3561: 3494: 2618: 2526: 1785: 762: 408: 368: 345: 143: 119: 6808: 5425:"Dalai Lama cites 'reliable source' as saying Panchen Lama alive, speaks well for the Chinese appointed counter" 4297: 4120: 3895: 1996:

in 2006. The main difference from the kidnappings is that usually there is no ransom asked for the disappeared.

1961: 138:, disappearances at the hands of the state has been labelled as "enforced" or "forced disappearances" since the 84:

during interrogation, ultimately killed, and the body disposed of secretly. The party committing the murder has

10155: 10145: 10095: 10075: 10065: 9987: 9884: 9640: 8361: 6149: 3857: 3847: 3797: 3777: 3767: 3566: 3481: 3232: 3191:, at least 59 human-rights defenders have been victims of forced disappearance between 1998 and 2018. Attorney 2437: 2200: 2190: 2119: 2090: 2012: 1931:

remain unknown. The United Nations has also reported other disappearances. Many groups, from teacher unions to

1662: 1647:

in occupied countries, to hunt down known or suspected dissidents or partisans. This tactic was given the name

1455: 453: 135: 52: 35: 8578: 2947:

The final total number was corrected and expanded during the course of the trials, reaching a total of 143,353

2111: 960: 325: 10220: 10105: 10100: 5218: 4510:

Robben, Antonius C. G. M. (September 2005). "Anthropology at War?: What Argentina's Dirty War Can Teach Us".

3807: 3802: 3515: 3270: 3143:, a 19-year-old blogger summoned for interrogation on 27 December 2009, who was released over 4 years later. 2402: 2382: 2150: 1873: 1812: 1578: 1502: 1474:

and most importantly the many rights, freedom, and protection promised to Hong Kong citizens often denied in

1018:

Some political scientists have ascribed the relative bloodiness of the coup to the stability of the existing

278: 7025: 4736: 4461:"Algeria: Amnesty Law Risks Legalizing Impunity for Crimes Against Humanity (Human Rights Watch, 14-4-2005)" 1381:

since 2013. New laws grant the police unrestricted power to hold detainees secretly for indefinite periods.

1257:

President of Chile from 1964 to 1970, may have been poisoned in 1982 by a toxin produced by DINA biochemist

866:

disappeared by unknown armed personnel. The incident received much media coverage. Before the controversial

749:

or "ESMA", where they were questioned, tortured, and almost always killed. There were about 500 clandestine

10210: 9924: 9533: 9515: 6124: 5859: 3682: 3647: 3547: 3428: 3371: 3355: 2485: 1735: 863: 796: 227: 103: 31: 9354: 6395: 5392: 2455:, none of which has been effectively investigated. On 24 May 2014 Ervin Ibragimov, a former member of the 1712:

associates were kidnapped, tortured and killed by the security forces; their bodies were put in sacks and

10230: 9750: 9660: 6844: 5096: 5001: 4968: 4573: 3328: 2625: 2541: 2409:, it is claimed that forced disappearances occurred. For example, during the strikes of 1977 and 1987 in 2278: 2038: 2000: 1956: 1658: 1000: 462: 461:

1993 in the context of the conflict between the Turkish security forces and members or supporters of the

17: 9554: 7204: 6538:

The Jakarta Method: Washington's Anticommunist Crusade and the Mass Murder Program that Shaped Our World

4996: 4963: 4375:"A/HRC/13/31. Report of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances. Annex II, page 145" 4201:

Case of Caballero-Delgado and Santana v. Colombia, complaint No. 10319/1989, judgment of 8 December 1995

3262: 3228: 2585: 884: 709: 336:

part of the two General Assembly resolutions adopted in December 1975 with respect to Cyprus and Chile.

9627: 8962: 6927: 4348:"Implementation of General Assembly resolution 60/251 of 15 March 2006 entitled "Human Rights Council"" 4247:

Palic v. Republika Srpska, Case No. CH / 99/3196, decision on admissibility and merits, 11 January 2001

2249: 1924: 1709: 1328: 746: 115: 9525: 7821: 6018: 5605:"China: End Enforced Disappearances & Provide Redress to Victims | Chinese Human Rights Defenders" 5091: 1418:. On 30 December 2015 evening, Lee disappeared. His wife shortly received a phone call from him (with 10205: 10200: 10018: 9972: 9914: 8230: 8042: 7791: 6357: 6185:"Egypt End and redress shocking crimes against toddler and family forcibly disappeared for 23 months" 4792: 3721: 3424: 3285: 2460: 1932: 1700: 1542:

officers who usually storm their homes, detain many of them, blindfold and handcuff them for months.

1378: 6058: 2544:

of China. South Korea is currently involved in shedding light on some of these incidences using the

9929: 9894: 9839: 9725: 6568:"Kidnapping, lynching and deliberate killings: Iraq's protesters live in fear they 'could be next'" 4772: 4001: 2518: 1522: 1463: 1273: 1219: 1040: 1036: 205: 8075: 7302: 6417: 5251: 3339:

to demand that their lost ones to be found and those responsible be brought to justice. Each year

2859: 2333: 349: 9635: 7859:"Russia refuses to investigate the abduction of prominent Crimean Tatar activist Ervin Ibragimov" 7423: 3610: 3024: 2590: 2498: 2288: 2016: 1438: 1362: 672: 221: 92: 8425: 7676: 6871: 4750: 4742:

Nunca Más (Never Again): Report of CONADEP (National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons)

91:

Enforced disappearance was first recognized as a human rights issue in the 1970s as a result of

9665: 9650: 6500: 3598: 3375: 2781: 1852: 1666: 1297: 1292:

since its formation. During a 1986 protest against Pinochet, 21-year-old American photographer

1268:

Protests continued, however, during the 1980s, leading to several scandals. In March 1985, the

1164: 1156: 855: 828: 469: 111: 107: 7737: 7707: 7227: 6080: 3987: 3901: 927:

published a documentary film in which Yury Garavski, a former member of a special unit of the

10034: 9977: 9785: 9775: 9740: 9443: 9127: 9095: 8290: 6283: 6251: 5991: 5719: 5456: 5128: 3448: 3409: 3304: 3209:, a reformist and a separatist disappeared in 1954. He sought for greater recognition of the 3188: 3147: 2617:

and "stealing" of approximately 30,960 children and newborns, which continued even after the

2448: 1974: 1557: 1293: 1250: 1082:

Furthermore, many other important officials of Allende's government were tracked down by the

920:, which linked senior Belarusian officials to the cases of disappearances, were confiscated. 908:

ordered the chiefs of his security services to crack down on "opposition scum". Although the

753:, including those of Garaje Azopardo and Orletti. These places of torture, located mostly in 193: 85: 9122: 9090: 9032:. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. 2 March 2015. p. 4. 8579:"Arrests, killings strike fear in Thailand's dissidents: 'The hunting has been accelerated'" 6849: 2328:

Estimates vary for the number of victims of enforced disappearances in the Philippines. The

578:(1,235). Other countries with numerous cases under denunciation (between 1000 and 100) are: 192:, the right to personal security and humane treatment (including freedom from torture), the 67:) is the secret abduction or imprisonment of a person with the support or acquiescence of a 10011: 9904: 9864: 9745: 9543: 9186: 8492: 7454: 3714: 3054:

that a large number of civilians were killed, though he did not confirm the 20,000 figure.

3028: 2580: 2510: 2480: 2344:, many people who went missing were allegedly tortured, abducted, and killed by policemen. 2181:, have been disappeared after willfully traveling to North Korea or being abducted abroad. 2042: 1739: 1696: 1574: 1534: 1407: 1342: 1285: 1207: 1136: 905: 329: 7392: 7362: 7332: 6633: 5333: 4704: 4606: 4220:

Durán and Ugarte v. Peru, Complaints Num. 10009 and 10078/1987, judgment of 16 August 2000

2406: 1978: 1936: 8: 10235: 10215: 9954: 9675: 9670: 9645: 8905: 8672:"Gruesome Laos deaths of Thai activists sends chill through dissident community in exile" 8388: 4460: 3367: 3239: 3192: 2851: 2640: 2433: 2354: 2312: 2204: 1999:

Over 73,000 people in Mexico have been reported as disappeared in 2020, according to the

1756: 1686: 1533:

Enforced disappearance has been employed by the Egyptian authorities under the regime of

1467: 1346: 1332: 988: 971:

banned all the leftist parties that had constituted the democratically elected president

816: 804:

been illegally given for adoption; 120 cases had been confirmed by DNA tests as of 2016.

348:

again discussed disappearances in its resolution 32/118. By then, the Nobel Prize winner

189: 47:

Women of the Association of Families of the Detained-Disappeared demonstrate in front of

9091:"Off the Record: U.S. Responsibility for Enforced Disappearances in the 'War on Terror'" 6840:"Finally tackling the threat of 'disappearance' – Radio Netherlands Worldwide – English" 6719: 2803: 1132: 9992: 9869: 9795: 9690: 9234: 8808: 7453:

Shah, Text: Zulfiqar; Rights, Human; Karachi, labour rights expert based in; Pakistan.

7095: 7030: 6603: 6537: 6505: 6213: 5065: 4863: 4464: 3370:, there have been many cases of forced disappearances in the territory of the disputed 3312: 3125: 2665: 2429: 1940: 1928: 1674: 1388: 1215: 664: 635: 429: 9027:"Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine: 1 December 2014 to 15 February 2015" 7990: 5752: 5486: 4636: 3633:

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

2659: 2636: 2058: 1993: 1214:, the leader of the Chilean Socialist Party, targeted for murder in 1975 by Pinochet; 681: 255:

The crime of forced disappearance begins with the history of the rights stated in the

159:

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

124:

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

9899: 9859: 9812: 9760: 9685: 9475: 9320: 9281: 7930: 7233: 6687: 6655: 6546: 6352: 6319: 5727: 5672: 5639: 5522: 5360: 5269: 5259: 5223: 5196: 4673: 4578: 4558: 4527: 4407:"The Legacy of the Algerian Civil War: Forced Disappearances and the Cost of Amnesty" 3983: 3974:

Finucane, Brian (2010). "Enforced Disappearance as a Crime Under International Law".

3907: 3706: 3604: 3247: 3243: 3151: 2887: 2606: 2317: 2296: 2096: 2086: 2066: 1970: 1761: 1705: 1670: 1621:, and executed in August 2010 immediately after being convicted by a military court. 1606: 1316: 1211: 1192: 1187:

assassination. Other targeted victims, who survived assassination attempts, included

1115: 260: 178: 7174: 6117:"Continuous violation and absent justice: Forced Disappearance - A five-year report" 4347: 2685: 2421:

Russian rights groups estimate there have been about 5,000 forced disappearances in

1907:. The family and friends of the two fear the disappearance of more people following 1261:. Berríos himself is reputed to having been assassinated by Chilean intelligence in 1245:, who received death threats and was the potential assassination target by DINA and 259:, formulated on August 26, 1789, in France by the authorities that emerged from the 10003: 9889: 9805: 9770: 9389: 9194: 9159: 8967: 8614: 8200: 8080: 7897: 7552: 6998: 6154: 4899: 4554: 4519: 3678: 3438: 3399: 3382: 3332: 3216: 2739: 2610: 2605:

working group for Human Rights reported in 2013 that during the period between the

2489:

Political prisoners lie on the ground before execution by South Korean troops near

2337: 2245: 1989: 1944: 1427: 1301: 1227: 1184: 1168: 1152: 1128: 1087: 1070: 1048: 1044: 1024: 1008: 996: 972: 968: 950: 913: 734: 704: 473: 282: 245: 201: 48: 5298: 2413:, leading persons involved in the strikes are alleged to have been "disappeared". 2195:"The Disappeared" is the name given to eighteen people abducted and killed by the 1609:, agents of the Equatorial Guinean Government have been responsible for abducting 1277: 9967: 9919: 9879: 9780: 9730: 9561: 9537: 9408: 7924: 7746: 7582: 6599: 6572: 6424: 6399: 6311: 6231: 5864: 5666: 5328: 5305: 4304: 4129: 3657: 3403: 3135: 3058: 2901: 2614: 2425:

since 1999. Most of them are believed to be buried in several dozen mass graves.

2322: 2266: 2227: 2222: 2196: 2104: 2050: 1897: 1781: 1649: 1630: 1594: 1366: 1358: 1269: 1258: 1180: 897: 287: 147: 9549:

Video Reports from Argentina: The trials of those who carried out disappearances

8257: 8013:"Re: Necesito ayuda datos de la brigada mixta 221 y 222 en Castellon y Valencia" 7759: 7272: 6776:""Más de 5.000 desaparecidos" desde que México declaró la guerra a los carteles" 2459:

Town Council and a member of the World Congress of Crimean Tatars went missing.

1581:

estimate that more than 8,000 disappearances occurred, and in the Report of the

1118:. The campaign was legitimized and supported by the leading newspaper in Chile, 1056: 1011:

justified these operations as being necessary in order to save the country from

332:, of French origin, was arrested in July 1974 at his home in Santiago de Chile. 9909: 9834: 9790: 9574: 7643: 6630:"UN experts urge Iran to observe human rights norms in case of dead journalist" 6532: 5930: 5892: 5429: 5161: 3642: 3615: 3324: 3129: 3027:(ICRC) restarted investigations into the disappearance of 11,000 people during 2761: 2602: 2452: 2062: 2030: 1908: 1893: 1475: 1415: 1223: 1111: 1075: 1028: 964: 932: 924: 901: 777: 750: 357: 309: 182: 68: 9503:

Guiding principles for the search for disappeared persons, CED/C/7, 8 May 2019

9274:"The disappeared: Chicago police detain Americans at abuse-laden 'black site'" 5124:"16 Years of Silence: Enforced Disappearances in Belarus Must Be Investigated" 4664:"How an Argentinian man learned his 'father' may have killed his real parents" 2815: 2697: 2336:

places the number of the victims of enforced disappearances under the rule of

1617:

by Equatorial Guinean security forces, held in secret detention, subjected to

1590:

eliminating members of the population who might potentially become guerrillas.

10184: 9939: 9874: 9755: 9324: 9285: 8836:"1 year on, disappeared activist Siam Theerawut's whereabouts remain unclear" 7858: 7126: 6958:"UN body petitioned over enforced disappearance of Rohingya in Rakhine State" 6542: 5731: 5543:"China says Panchen Lama 'living a normal life' 20 years after disappearance" 5356: 5322:

Capítulos desconocidos de los mercenarios chilenos en Honduras camino de Iraq

4677: 4531: 4298:

Droits de l'homme : un traité international sur les disparitions forcées

4055:

United Nations Commission on Human Rights, E / CN.4 / 2002/71, 8 January 2002

3687: 3535: 3413: 3311:

on 4 June 2020, which prompted public concern and became a factor behind the

3296: 3220: 2839: 2797: 2793: 2502: 2476: 2467:, Russian authorities refused to investigate the disappearance of Ibragimov. 2218:, established in 1999, is the body responsible for locating the disappeared. 2026: 1745: 1722: 1713: 1176: 1160: 1144: 1060: 1032: 992: 984: 979: 781: 356:

On 6 March 1979, the Commission authorized the appointment as experts of Dr.

9313:"A Knock, Then Gone: Venezuela Secretly Detains Hundreds to Silence Critics" 5273: 4432: 3390:. Independent media is not allowed to report from DPR-controlled territory. 1312: 987:, while 1,312 were exiled. The latter were chased all over the world by the 9849: 9844: 9735: 9612: 9580: 8872: 8646: 8550: 8453: 6247:"Equatorial Guinea. Illegally detained irregular migrants must be released" 5575:"President Xi faces growing dissent in China over enforced Covid lockdowns" 5547: 4668: 4523: 3551:

migration in the Guiding Principles for the Search of Disappeared Persons.

3443: 3196: 3179: 2765: 2549: 2456: 2208: 1640: 1636: 1447: 1384: 1350: 1336: 1140: 1099: 1091: 847: 754: 714: 502:

Sub-commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities

292: 217: 99: 9393: 8835: 4637:"Argentina's Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo awarded UNESCO peace prize" 1370:

disappearances of human rights lawyers and defenders have increased under

9715: 8143: 4092:

Resolution 4 (XXXI) of the Commission on Human Rights of 13 February 1975

3621: 3577: 3211: 3206: 3140: 3042: 2895: 2789: 2537: 2497:

Forced disappearances and extrajudicial killings were openly used by the

2174: 2170: 1281: 1242: 1203: 1120: 595: 571: 420: 8901:"Opinion | Students in Bangkok are challenging Thailand's biggest taboo" 5457:"Gedhun Choekyi Nyima the XIth Panchen Lama turns 18: Still disappeared" 4265:

Colombia, Guatemala, Paraguay, Perú y Venezuela. E/CN.4/2002/71, page 28

3503: 2624:

The disappearances include whole Republican military units, such as the

2370: 2138: 2103:

forces have systematically carried out the disappearance and torture of

2041:

personnel suspected of being implicated in the 1970s coups against King

1861: 1800: 1780:. The graves were found in dozens of villages on the Indian side of the 1490: 9720: 9350: 8107: 7455:"Enforced disappearances: A chronic human rights violation in Pakistan" 7201:"Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains: homepage" 6900: 4434:

Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State

3583: 3477: 3459: 3431: 3308: 2835: 2755: 2663:

newspaper, the data of people buried in mass graves brought before the

2629: 1443: 1374: 1354: 1235: 851: 647: 518: 447: 401: 73: 8047: 7152: 6896: 6439:"2,156 unidentified bodies in Kashmir graves to undergo DNA profiling" 5961: 4317: 4134: 2677: 2594: 9700: 8933:"Los Desaparecidos – The Disappeared Turkish-Style - Diritti Globali" 8840: 7887: 7485:"Four Palestinian Hamas militants abducted in Egypt's Sinai: sources" 6780: 4927:"ASK Documentation: Forced Disappearances: January to September 2014" 4785:

Argentine Military Intelligence estimate on the number of disappeared

4610: 3572: 3387: 3340: 3278: 3160: 3036: 2845: 2823: 2775: 2673: 2506: 2074: 2046: 2021: 1892:

At least tens of thousands of people disappeared under the regime of

1766: 1691: 1431: 1419: 1411: 1103: 1019: 1012: 738: 730: 726: 700: 631: 607: 559: 555: 551: 433: 373: 30:"Disappeared" and "Desaparecidos" redirect here. For other uses, see 8514:

Cooper, Zac; Van Buskirk, Caroline; Fernes, Praveena (17 May 2017).

8351: 7613:"'Desaparecido' PUP Prof Well Remembered on Martial Law Anniversary" 6809:"México tiene más de 73,000 personas desaparecidas, actualiza Segob" 4031: 3534:

Thousands of people were subject to forced disappearance during the

3327:

minority civilians the 1980s and 1990s, in attempts to root out the

2701: 1699:. An estimated 40,000 to 50,000 individuals were disappeared by the 1307:

In August 1989, Marcelo Barrios Andres, a 21-year-old member of the

713:

Flag with images of those who disappeared during a demonstration in

428:

of 1969. Other rulings issued by the Inter-American Court condemned

95:

during the dirty wars. However, it has occurred all over the world.

9962: 9800: 8356: 8262: 7764: 6692: 6660: 5897: 5779: 4709: 3673: 3255: 3224: 2907: 2877: 2863: 2855: 2819: 2785: 2769: 2743: 2729: 2723: 2422: 2309:

Forced disappearances and extrajudicial killings in the Philippines

2100: 1749: 1451: 1423: 1200: 1172: 1095: 758: 668: 599: 591: 575: 9530: 9516:

International Center for Transitional Justice, Gender Justice page

9251: 8043:"Garzón abre la primera causa de la historia contra el franquismo" 6416:

Ensaaf and the Benetech Human Rights Data Analysis Group (HRDAG).

2873: 2807: 2733: 2681: 419:. Rodríguez was a Honduran student kidnapped in September 1981 in 9765: 9710: 9695: 9680: 8775: 8708: 7489: 6930:[Judge Ruz reinstates trial for genocide in the Sahara]. 6632:. Human Rights Education Associates. 27 July 2004. Archived from 5958:"Aterradora cifra de desaparecidos por paramilitares y guerrilla" 4740: 4122:

Una iniciativa de Argentina y de Francia con historia accidentada

3452: 3292: 2935: 2925: 2827: 2747: 2705: 2689: 2597:

in northern Spain. The excavation took place in July–August 2014.

2561: 2490: 2410: 1904: 1777: 1644: 1618: 1610: 1262: 619: 615: 567: 441: 436:(for several cases including the call of the "street children"), 397: 197: 81: 8076:"Las claves de las tres causas de Garzón en el Tribunal Supremo" 7681:

Samahan ng mga Ex-Detainees Laban sa Detensyon at Aresto (SELDA)

6116: 5834:"Gao Zhisheng, missing for seven years in China's prison system" 5694:"Gao Zhisheng, missing for seven years in China's prison system" 2552:, who was forcefully disappeared from his Tokyo hotel room. His 1571:

UN Working Group against Enforced and Involuntary Disappearances

1265:, after being spirited away to said country in the early 1990s. 892:, reminding about the disappearances of oppositionals in Belarus 246:

History of the legal development and international jurisprudence

9219: 8516:"Den Khamlae – The disappearing face of a land rights movement" 7517:"Tish, Jessica, Hermon and other missing martial law activists" 7177:. Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains. 7062: 6746:"Rosendo Radilla case: new investigations in Atoyac de Álvarez" 6392: 5032:"ENFORCED DISAPPEARANCE: Families call for return of 19 youths" 3954:

Human Rights Advocacy and the History of Human Rights Standards

3336: 3266: 2919: 2913: 2881: 2811: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2693: 2646: 2564: 2123: 2054: 1973:

in the 1970s, thousands of suspected guerrillas, leftists, and

1748:, released a report in January 2009, in collaboration with the 1052: 1004: 916:

in 2000 has also yielded no results. Copies of a report by the

889: 623: 77: 9439:"Balkans: Thousands still missing two decades after conflicts" 8704:"Opinion: Unmistakable Message to Thailand Surfaces in Mekong" 8610:"Thai musicians in exile for their songs fear for their lives" 7229:

New Sinn Féin: Irish Republicanism in the Twenty-first Century

5893:"Hong Kong bookstore disappearances shock publishing industry" 3265:

in May 2014. Among them are the four members of the Thai band

1175:

on 21 September 1976. This led to strained relations with the

827:) were killed and in many cases disappeared. In an originally 9555:

Behind the Wire: An Update to Ending Secret Detentions (2005)

8447:

Bangprapa, Mongkol; Charoensuthipan, Penchan (23 June 2013).

7955: 6994:"Myanmar's military disappearing young men to crush uprising" 6234: 6150:"Amnesty urges Egypt to probe forced disappearance of family" 5775:"China Sends Long-Missing Lawyer Gao Back To Jail | Fox News" 4494:. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Instituto Espacio para la Memoria. 3045:

rebels. That means the final death toll is more than 20,000,

2931: 2831: 2751: 2514: 2292: 2284: 2274: 2270: 2262: 2178: 2070: 1614: 1148: 643: 639: 627: 603: 583: 579: 367:

Meanwhile, during the same year, the General Assembly of the

361: 173:

is working towards universal ratification of the convention.

142:. For example, the practice is specifically addressed by the 7822:"URGENT ACTION: CRIMEAN TATAR ACTIVIST FORCIBLY DISAPPEARED" 6050: 5519:

Holder of the white lotus : the lives of the Dalai Lama

5155:

Trippe, Christian F.; Sotnik, Ekaterina (16 December 2019).

3203:, and activist Den Khamlae are among those who disappeared. 3020:

power with a commitment to correct the human rights issues.

2122:

have been disappeared through nighttime raids. According to

1677:, with the full expectation that they would then be killed. 741:

were abducted or illegally detained and kept in clandestine

480: 456:, established in 1959, in accordance with article 38 of the 387: 5157:"Belarus: How death squads targeted opposition politicians" 3541: 2216:

Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains

1912: 1196: 611: 563: 547: 490: 472:, a human rights tribunal established under Annex 6 of the 437: 9544:

UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances

8804:"Thailand: Disappeared activists forced home from Vietnam" 6928:"El juez Ruz reactiva la causa por genocidio en el Sáhara" 6897:"Genocide investigations into Morocco's Sahara occupation" 2248:. The extent of forced disappearances increased after the 2069:, charged for the detention and disappearance campaign of 1985: 8352:"Syrian President Bashar al-Assad: Facing down rebellion" 7058:"UN says North Korea is like a Nazi state: Main findings" 5808:"China's Nobel nominee lawyer released after three years" 5491: 5309: 3930:. Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances 3889: 3628:

Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance Persons

3456: 3277:

Two Thai activists went missing while living in exile in

3051: 2554:

attempted murder by throwing him with weights on his legs

2451:

has documented several enforced disappearances of ethnic

2347:

Charlie del Rosario was an activist and professor at the

1183:, a US citizen who worked for the DINA and had organized 8446: 7393:"Remains were 'Disappeared' Crossmaglen man Gerry Evans" 5062:"Bangladesh: Investigate Case of Enforced Disappearance" 4547:

The Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Anthropology

4437:(PhD dissertation). University of California, Berkeley. 9059:"URGENT ACTION: IMPRISONED JOURNALIST MUST BE RELEASED" 8513: 7200: 6318:. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. pp. 276–309. 5671:. Asian Federation Against Involuntary Disappearances. 5337:, 25 September 2005 – URL accessed on 14 February 2007 5195:. Duke University Press. pp. 32, 90, 101, 180–81. 4737:"Part VI: Recommendations and Conclusions: Conclusions" 3423:

kept the identity of the individuals it held in the US

3156: 1643:

set up secret police forces, including branches of the

1345:, along with his family, was taken into custody by the 171:

International Coalition against Enforced Disappearances

9064:(Press release). Amnesty International. 21 July 2017. 7888:

Charles J. Hanley & Hyung-Jin Kim (10 July 2010).

7452: 7424:"Remains found in France confirmed to be Seamus Ruddy" 7091:"U.N. Panel Says North Korean Leader Could Face Trial" 6600:"New Arrests And "Disappearances" Of Iranian Students" 6279:"Execution of four men in Equatorial Guinea condemned" 4829:

Statement on the International Week of the Disappeared

4229:

Trujillo Oroza v. Bolivia, judgment of 26 January 2000

3736: 1984:

According to the National Commission of Human Rights (

819:, who said in a press conference "They are just that… 671:

attacked the military government that had annulled an

458:

European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights

9311:

Turkewitz, Julie; Kurmanaev, Anatoly (19 June 2020).

7548:"3,257: Fact-Checking the Marcos killings, 1975-1985" 7363:"Body found in 'Disappeared' search for Peter Wilson" 7333:"Funeral for Charlie Armstrong, 'Disappeared' victim" 7151:. The Disappeared of Northern Ireland. Archived from 7125:. The Disappeared of Northern Ireland. Archived from 5636:

Comparative Perspectives on Criminal Justice in China

5258:. Brighton, Eng.: Sussex Academic Press. p. 22. 4705:"Death of Argentina's Videla evokes painful memories" 3173:

Human rights in Thailand § Forced disappearances

3061:

has accused Sri Lanka of "causing untold suffering".

521:

to provide comments and observations to the project.

10033: 8417:منظمة العفو الدولية تدين عمليات اختفاء قسري في سوريا 7929:. University of California Press. pp. 226–227. 4702: 2118:, thousands of people suspected of participation in 1605:

According to the UN Human Rights Council Mission to

524: 465:

from the Kurdish region to the southeast of Turkey.

448:

Situation in Europe and resolutions of 1993 and 1995

263:, where it was already stated in Articles 7 and 12: 235:

protection of the law for a prolonged period of time

8737:"What do Thailand and Saudi Arabia have in common?" 8662: 8478: 8476: 8384:"Tal al-Mallohi is free, the Syrian people triumph" 7890:"Korea bloodbath probe ends; US escapes much blame" 7712:

Asian Federation Against Involuntary Disappearances

6501:"Mass Graves Hold Thousands, Kashmir Inquiry Finds" 5926:"The Case of the Missing Hong Kong Book Publishers" 5860:"Hong Kong: Missing Booksellers Spark Deep Anxiety" 5720:"Chinese Activist Surfaces After a Year in Custody" 3650:, an Argentine activist group formed by mothers of 3594:

Comisión Nacional sobre la Desaparición de Personas

2556:overboard into the open sea was coordinated by the 1454:and mainland China, believed to be detained by the 910:

State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus

487:

Institute des droits de l'homme du Barreau de Paris

257:

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

9973:Freedom from involuntary female genital mutilation 9310: 9178: 9147: 8670: 6470:"Kashmir unmarked graves hold thousands of bodies" 6179: 6177: 4032:"Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court" 3354:In a study published in June 2017 by Sweden-based 3227:labour union leader who disappeared following the 1131:included, among thousands of less famous persons, 1074:Disappeared people in art at Parque por la Paz at 93:its use by military dictatorships in Latin America 9355:Reporte Sobre La Represión En Venezuela. Año 2019 7923:Kaplan, David E.; Dubro, Alec (22 October 2012). 6992:Milko, Victoria; Gelineau, Kristen (5 May 2021). 5393:"China in Tibet - Panchen Lama | Dreams of Tibet" 5254:. In Nagy-Zekmi, Silvia; Leiva, Fernando (eds.). 5207:, Retrieved 24 October 2006 through Google Books. 4492:Centros Clandestinos de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires 4283:United Nations, E/CN.4/2001/69, 21 December 2000. 3693:Residential Surveillance at a Designated Location 3128:, no fewer than 17,000 people disappeared during 1195:, who barely escaped an assassination attempt in 500:In that same year, the French expert in the then 10182: 9407:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. 9153: 8898: 8771:"Family Hopes Missing Republican is Still Alive" 8608:Vejpongsa, Tassanee; Peck, Grant (29 May 2019). 8473: 5092:"Editorial: The disappearance of Chowdhury Alam" 4350:. United Nations Digital Library. 27 June 2006. 2517:to speak about these incidents lasted until the 2432:failed to pursue any accountability process for 959:Almost immediately after the Chilean military's 379:Shortly after the report by Félix Ermacora, the 188:. For the disappeared person, these include the 88:as there is no evidence of the victim's death. 9409:"Refworld | "Disappeared" in Former Yugoslavia" 6436: 6174: 3903:Customary International Humanitarian Law: Rules 3295:after they attempted to enter the country with 2529:or held in Bodo League reeducation facilities. 2184: 1167:after his release from internment and exile in 918:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 533: 226:According to the Rome Statute establishing the 9526:International Committee Against Disappearances 7258: 7256: 6412: 6410: 6408: 5026: 5024: 4771: 2445:annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation 2116:Assistance Association for Political Prisoners 2053:, who disappeared in obscure circumstances in 1063:, which was used as a detention center by the 10019: 9596: 9521:Amnesty International: Day of the Disappeared 8607: 7088: 6991: 5638:, Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 411–438, 5632:"'Disappearing' China's human rights lawyers" 4859:"'Forced disappearances' surge in Bangladesh" 4856: 3722: 211: 9610: 9184: 9156:"Judge Orders Release of Gitmo Detainee IDs" 8860: 8424:(in Arabic). 5 November 2015. Archived from 7082: 6314:. In Grandin, Greg; Joseph, Gilbert (eds.). 5154: 4895:"Enforced Disappearances Rise in Bangladesh" 4607:"Painful search for Argentina's disappeared" 3896:Jean-Marie Henckaerts; Louise Doswald-Beck; 2669:court on 16 October 2008 are the following: 2045:were held in secret detention camps such as 339: 186:Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) 9641:Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention 9187:"Pentagon Plans to Tell Names of Detainees" 9000:. Stockholm Center for Freedom. June 2017. 8768: 8701: 8108:"A/HRC/27/49/Add.1 - E - A/HRC/27/49/Add.1" 7922: 7253: 6467: 6405: 6121:Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms 6088:Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms 5021: 4183:Bleier v. Uruguay, communication Nº 30/1978 3906:. Cambridge University Press. p. 342. 2006: 1551:Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms 1349:shortly after being identified as the 11th 1315:'s public prosecutor. However, they simply 1043:, and many others, in 1973. Mathematician 717:to commemorate the 35th anniversary of the 10026: 10012: 9603: 9589: 9469: 9349: 8899:Chachavalpongpun, Pavin (20 August 2020). 8482: 7273:"'Disappeared' families put lives on hold" 6837: 6383:McClintock 1985: 82–83; CIIDH and GAM 1998 6309: 6303: 4850: 4745:. National Commission on the Disappeared ( 3729: 3715: 3698:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action 2577:List of people executed by Francoist Spain 2256: 1234:, who escaped an assassination attempt in 495:Colectivo de Abogados José Alvear Restrepo 9382:Journal of International Criminal Justice 9212: 8546:"Activist goes missing amid land dispute" 7749:. Harvard University Press, 1971, p. 200. 6963:International Federation for Human Rights 4997:"How Alam was abducted: Driver's account" 4604: 4505: 4503: 4501: 3269:, some of whose songs mock the monarchy, 3112:Learn how and when to remove this message 3007:Learn how and when to remove this message 2349:Polytechnic University of the Philippines 1943:. Examples include Muhammad Movahhed and 1849:Human rights in ISIL-controlled territory 955:Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet 510:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 481:Towards the 1992 International Convention 388:1983 OAS resolution and first convictions 322:United Nations Commission on Human Rights 318:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 9271: 8868:"Cambodia to probe activist 'abduction'" 8483:Saengpassa, Chularat (5 December 2018). 8291:"U.S. Faults Sri Lanka on Civilian Woes" 8288: 7881: 7642:Ilagan, Bonifacio P. (11 October 2017). 7089:Cumming-Bruce, Nick (18 February 2014). 7026:"Myanmar: Hundreds Forcibly Disappeared" 6498: 5664: 5249: 5216: 5186: 5184: 4964:"DCC councillor Chowdhury Alam arrested" 4544: 4489: 3973: 3898:International Committee of the Red Cross 3542:Enforced disappearances within migration 3252:Foreign Correspondents' Club of Thailand 2584: 2484: 2316: 2020: 1960: 1466:, are supposedly to be protected by the 1446:, Lui Bo (呂波), Cheung Jiping (張志平), and 1276:(PCC) members led to the resignation of 1069: 883: 708: 140:Vienna Declaration and Program of Action 42: 9855:Right to an adequate standard of living 9379: 8702:Rojanaphruk, Pravit (26 January 2019). 8576: 8449:"Govt urged to tackle 'state killings'" 7856: 7611:Soriano, Liezelle (22 September 2020). 7610: 7225: 7050: 6925: 6350: 6019:"EGYPT: 'OFFICIALLY, YOU DO NOT EXIST'" 5857: 5831: 5806:Monitor, World Watch (15 August 2014). 5805: 5691: 4892: 4822:"International Week of the Disappeared" 4430: 2033:, is a former "disappeared" in Morocco. 1583:Commission on the Truth for El Salvador 929:Belarusian Ministry of Internal Affairs 150:program, which constitutes war crimes. 14: 10183: 9656:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment 9272:Ackerman, Spencer (24 February 2015). 9267: 9265: 9200:from the original on 21 September 2013 8734: 8136: 7739:Encyclopedia of Human Rights, Volume 1 7671: 7669: 7644:"The story of the Southern Tagalog 10" 7641: 7577: 7575: 6987: 6985: 6819:from the original on 16 September 2020 6531: 5717: 5499:from the original on 23 September 2011 5315: 5217:Gallardo, Eduardo (11 December 2006). 4994: 4831:. Odhikar. 25 May 2015. Archived from 4509: 4498: 3681:, a Turkish activist group similar to 3331:. Every week on Saturdays since 1995, 3034:On 29 May 2009, the British newspaper 2077:, reopened the case in November 2010. 1661:within Germany as well as against the 995:, this was made under the auspices of 346:General Assembly of the United Nations 298:Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp 10007: 9584: 9474:. German Institute for Human Rights. 9071:from the original on 8 September 2020 8963:"Turkey Begins Dig for Missing Kurds" 8668: 8319: 8256:Kirby, Emma Jane (19 February 2003). 8255: 8073: 7863:Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group 7792:"European Court Rules Against Moscow" 7708:"No Closure 'til Justice is Achieved" 7545: 7527:from the original on 13 February 2023 7207:from the original on 10 November 2022 7103:from the original on 18 February 2014 7038:from the original on 18 February 2023 6926:VÁZQUEZ, ÁNGELES (19 November 2010). 6720:"WAN protests disappearances in Iran" 6437:Shujaat Bukhari (16 September 2011). 6353:"U.S. POLICY IN GUATEMALA, 1966–1996" 6144: 6142: 5981: 5979: 5190: 5181: 5169:from the original on 18 November 2020 5072:from the original on 28 November 2022 4888: 4886: 4605:Hernandez, Vladimir (23 March 2013). 3710: 2465:Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group 1845:Human rights in Saddam Hussein's Iraq 394:United Nations Human Rights Committee 326:Chilean military coup of September 11 250: 9451:from the original on 10 January 2023 9419:from the original on 10 January 2023 9406: 9361:from the original on 25 October 2022 9154:Larry Neumeister (23 January 2006). 9135:from the original on 10 January 2023 9103:from the original on 10 January 2023 9007:from the original on 10 January 2023 8943:from the original on 10 January 2023 8880:from the original on 8 November 2023 8750:from the original on 1 February 2019 8716:from the original on 26 January 2019 8683:from the original on 12 January 2022 8558:from the original on 8 November 2023 8461:from the original on 8 November 2023 8396:from the original on 10 January 2023 8301:from the original on 7 February 2012 8270:from the original on 20 October 2013 8237:from the original on 3 December 2010 8151:from the original on 10 January 2023 8118:from the original on 10 January 2023 8088:from the original on 13 January 2023 8055:from the original on 10 January 2023 7983:"Memoria Digital, 221 Brigada Mixta" 7963:from the original on 10 January 2023 7869:from the original on 10 January 2023 7838:from the original on 10 January 2023 7802:from the original on 27 January 2023 7772:from the original on 10 January 2023 7705: 7560:from the original on 10 January 2023 7546:Reyes, Rachela A.G (12 April 2016). 7465:from the original on 4 November 2023 7434:from the original on 13 January 2023 7421: 7403:from the original on 10 January 2023 7373:from the original on 10 January 2023 7343:from the original on 10 January 2023 7313:from the original on 10 January 2023 7283:from the original on 19 January 2023 7006:from the original on 3 December 2022 6907:from the original on 13 January 2023 6806: 6756:from the original on 7 December 2022 6700:from the original on 20 October 2013 6668:from the original on 1 February 2011 6610:from the original on 20 October 2013 6580:from the original on 10 January 2023 6565: 6449:from the original on 8 November 2023 6332:from the original on 8 November 2023 6061:from the original on 2 November 2022 6031:from the original on 20 October 2022 5999:from the original on 9 November 2022 5938:from the original on 9 November 2019 5905:from the original on 11 January 2016 5629: 5521:. Little, Brown. 2008. p. 165. 5373:from the original on 8 November 2023 5280:from the original on 8 November 2023 5191:Stern, Steve J. (8 September 2004). 5104:from the original on 8 December 2015 5009:from the original on 8 December 2015 4943:from the original on 16 January 2015 4907:from the original on 8 February 2019 4703:Ignacio de los Reyes (17 May 2013). 4661: 4586:from the original on 19 January 2023 4571: 3638:International Day of the Disappeared 3498: 3488: 3472:Enforced disappearances in Venezuela 3381:On 2 June 2017 freelance journalist 3068: 2963: 2960:Enforced disappearances in Sri Lanka 2365: 2133: 1856: 1795: 1600: 1485: 1329:Extraordinary rendition § China 1047:is thought to have disappeared near 842:Enforced disappearance in Bangladesh 413:Inter-American Court of Human Rights 9357:(Report) (in Spanish). p. 13. 9262: 9231:United States Department of Defense 8995:"Enforced Disappearances in Turkey" 8913:from the original on 22 August 2020 8801: 8769:Rojanaphruk, Pravit (14 May 2019). 8201:"Sri Lanka's disappeared thousands" 7926:Yakuza: Japan's Criminal Underworld 7666: 7572: 7070:from the original on 7 January 2016 6982: 6807:Díaz, Arturo Ordaz (13 July 2020). 6365:from the original on 9 October 2014 6127:from the original on 9 January 2023 6097:from the original on 9 January 2023 5923: 5890: 5437:from the original on 22 August 2021 5132:. 18 September 2015. Archived from 4976:from the original on 7 January 2016 4961: 4717:from the original on 2 October 2021 4617:from the original on 9 January 2023 4471:from the original on 9 January 2023 4387:from the original on 19 August 2021 4174:OEA, AG/Res. 443 (IX-0/79), para. 5 4156:A / 34/583 / Add.1 21 November 1979 3669:North Korean abductions of Japanese 3421:United States Department of Defense 2546:Truth and Reconciliation Commission 2330:William S. Richardson School of Law 2240:Enforced disappearances in Pakistan 2073:in 1976. Garzón's successor, Judge 2001:Secretaría de Gobernación of Mexico 1833:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66 1595:Enforced disappearances of children 1163:and minister in Allende's cabinet, 967:led by the then commander-in-chief 426:American Convention on Human Rights 285:brought to public attention to the 129: 24: 9218: 9166:from the original on 13 March 2007 9039:from the original on 12 March 2022 8485:"Bill on torture to go before NLA" 8364:from the original on 11 April 2019 8289:Sengupta, Somini (23 April 2009). 8211:from the original on 23 April 2010 7760:"Russia censured over Chechen man" 7497:from the original on 13 April 2016 6970:from the original on 20 March 2023 6688:"Clashes at Iran teachers protest" 6656:"Iran 'targeting' women activists" 6499:Polgreen, Lydia (23 August 2011). 6139: 5976: 5753:"China lawyer Gao 'missing again'" 5467:from the original on 27 March 2019 4883: 4871:from the original on 1 August 2018 4684:from the original on 20 April 2021 4372: 4036:International Criminal Court Forum 3738:Forced disappearances in the World 3664:National Defense Authorization Act 3084:tone or style may not reflect the 2979:tone or style may not reflect the 2938:and North African territories: 464 1084:Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional 880:Enforced disappearances in Belarus 417:Angel Manfredo Velásquez Rodríguez 25: 10252: 9776:Right to refuse medical treatment 9509: 9331:from the original on 19 June 2020 9185:Thom Shanker (26 February 2006). 8975:from the original on 6 March 2023 8669:Smith, Nicola (24 January 2019). 8622:from the original on 6 March 2023 8577:Bengali, Shashank (28 May 2019). 8332:from the original on 7 March 2023 8177:. 16 October 2008. Archived from 8074:Peral, María (2 September 2012). 7959:(in Spanish). 30 September 2013. 7904:from the original on 20 June 2022 7718:from the original on 29 July 2020 7623:from the original on 7 March 2022 7592:from the original on 7 March 2022 6788:from the original on 6 March 2023 6726:from the original on 6 March 2023 6480:from the original on 21 July 2016 6312:"A Headlong Rush into the Future" 6291:from the original on 6 March 2023 6259:from the original on 6 March 2023 6195:from the original on 4 March 2021 6162:from the original on 6 March 2023 5960:. canalrcnmsn.com. Archived from 5891:Liu, Juliana (10 November 2015). 5611:from the original on 24 July 2023 5585:from the original on 24 July 2023 5555:from the original on 13 June 2019 5487:"Tibet's missing spiritual guide" 5405:from the original on 9 March 2021 5231:from the original on 6 March 2023 5219:"Dictator unrepentant to the end" 5042:from the original on 16 July 2018 4893:Hussain, Maaz (1 November 2016). 4857:David Bergman (20 October 2014). 4802:from the original on 17 June 2014 4749:). September 1984. Archived from 4643:from the original on 12 July 2015 4572:Long, William R (13 March 2013). 4441:from the original on 6 March 2023 4354:from the original on 7 March 2023 4165:OEA AG/Rev.443 (IX-0/79), para. 3 4012:from the original on 17 July 2019 3976:Yale Journal of International Law 3589:Causeway Bay Books disappearances 3246:activist lawyer in the kingdom's 2321:Bantayog Ng Mga Desaparecidos at 2287:confirmed that the four abducted 1402:Causeway Bay Books disappearances 1151:, assassinated in July 1976; and 862:, of the main opposition parties 801:Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo 525:The 2006 International Convention 206:right of presumption of innocence 9497: 9488: 9463: 9431: 9400: 9373: 9343: 9304: 9292:from the original on 7 June 2017 9250: 9115: 9083: 9051: 9019: 8987: 8955: 8925: 8892: 8848:from the original on 23 May 2020 8828: 8816:from the original on 15 May 2019 8795: 8783:from the original on 15 May 2019 8762: 8735:Norman, Anne (30 January 2019). 8728: 8695: 8634: 8601: 8589:from the original on 2 June 2019 8570: 8538: 8507: 8440: 8408: 8376: 8344: 8313: 8282: 8249: 8223: 8193: 8163: 8137:Borraz, Marta (30 August 2017). 8130: 8100: 8067: 8035: 8005: 7975: 7943: 7916: 7857:Coynash, Halya (27 March 2018). 7850: 7814: 7784: 7752: 7730: 7699: 7635: 7604: 7539: 7509: 7477: 7446: 7415: 7385: 7355: 7325: 7303:"Funeral for Disappeared victim" 7295: 7265: 7219: 7193: 7167: 7141: 7115: 7018: 6950: 6938:from the original on 23 May 2021 6919: 6889: 6864: 6838:Beauchemin, Eric (2 July 2007). 6831: 6800: 6768: 6738: 6712: 6680: 6648: 6622: 6592: 6559: 6525: 6492: 6461: 6430: 5872:from the original on 6 June 2016 5858:Jenkins, Nash (7 January 2016). 5783:. 3 January 2012. Archived from 5718:Jacobs, Andrew (28 March 2010). 5299:Ex-Chilean leader 'was murdered' 4995:Sarkar, Kailash (13 July 2010). 4791:(in Spanish). Washington, D.C.: 4639:. UN News Centre. 4 March 2011. 4559:10.1111/j.1935-4940.2009.01043.x 4328:from the original on 17 May 2017 4002:"OHCHR | WGEID - Annual reports" 3502: 3393: 3345:Turkish Human Rights Association 3235:against the elected government. 3201:Pholachi "Billy" Rakchongcharoen 3094:guide to writing better articles 3073: 2989:guide to writing better articles 2968: 2369: 2261:In August 2015, four members of 2137: 1860: 1799: 1753:Human Rights Data Analysis Group 1489: 1309:Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front 1147:, a UN diplomat working for the 945:Enforced disappearances in Chile 10226:Crimes against humanity by type 8258:"Red Cross tackles war missing" 7687:from the original on 9 May 2019 7654:from the original on 9 May 2019 7459:The Norwegian Human Rights Fund 7232:. Routledge. pp. 162–165. 7181:from the original on 4 May 2014 6513:from the original on 2 May 2016 6402:. Retrieved on 8 November 2015. 6386: 6377: 6344: 6271: 6239: 6218: 6207: 6109: 6073: 6043: 6011: 5950: 5924:Fan, Jiayang (8 January 2016). 5917: 5884: 5851: 5825: 5799: 5767: 5745: 5711: 5685: 5658: 5623: 5597: 5567: 5535: 5511: 5479: 5449: 5417: 5385: 5343: 5292: 5243: 5210: 5148: 5116: 5084: 5054: 4988: 4955: 4919: 4814: 4765: 4729: 4696: 4655: 4629: 4598: 4565: 4538: 4483: 4453: 4424: 4399: 4366: 4340: 4310: 4286: 4277: 4268: 4259: 4250: 4241: 4232: 4223: 4214: 4204: 4195: 4186: 4177: 4168: 4159: 4150: 4141: 4113: 4104: 4095: 4086: 4077: 3562:Lists of people who disappeared 3495:War crimes in the Yugoslav Wars 3150:released a report accusing the 1992:which was started by President 409:Organization of American States 369:Organization of American States 120:United Nations General Assembly 10241:Extrajudicial killings by type 9988:Sexual and reproductive health 9885:Right to a healthy environment 6566:Trew, Bel (14 December 2019). 6468:Jason Burke (21 August 2011). 5630:Pils, Eva (28 February 2013), 4068: 4058: 4049: 4024: 3994: 3967: 3942: 3928:"About enforced disappearance" 3920: 3567:Arbitrary arrest and detention 3482:Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights 3441:wrote a series of articles in 3233:National Peace Keeping Council 2470: 2438:European Court of Human Rights 2302: 2201:Irish National Liberation Army 2191:Disappeared (Northern Ireland) 2129: 2013:Human rights in Western Sahara 1714:dumped at sea from helicopters 1579:non-governmental organizations 1564: 1456:Central Case Examination Group 454:European Court of Human Rights 136:international human rights law 36:Desaparecidos (disambiguation) 13: 1: 9905:Right to public participation 8320:Houry, Nadim (16 July 2010). 6351:Doyle, Kate; Osorio, Carlos. 4238:E / CN.4 / 2002/71 pag. 20-23 3883: 3437:In 2015, American journalist 3057:Former US Secretary of State 2558:National Intelligence Service 1720:used legal measures (such as 1051:, a German colony founded by 835: 381:UN Commission on Human Rights 181:human rights declared in the 27:Unlawful secret disappearance 9925:Right to science and culture 9470:Baranowska, Grażyna (2020). 8939:(in Italian). 19 July 2018. 8642:"Solve Mekong killings case" 8233:. Ahrchk.net. 16 June 2009. 6784:(in Spanish). 3 April 2011. 6310:McAllister, Carlota (2010). 5193:Remembering Pinochet's Chile 4431:Landers, Neil Grant (2013). 3683:Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo 3648:Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo 3465: 3429:United States District Judge 3356:Stockholm Center for Freedom 3303:Thai pro-democracy activist 2953: 2649:Desaparecidos del franquismo 2621:during the 1970s and 1980s. 2265:Armed wing were abducted in 2185:Northern Ireland and Ireland 1791: 1736:Encounter killings by police 1680: 1395: 1003:(CIA) communication base in 864:Bangladesh Nationalist Party 797:Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo 694: 669:militant Islamist guerrillas 534:Report of the UN (1980–2009) 228:International Criminal Court 118:. On December 20, 2006, the 104:International Criminal Court 32:Disappeared (disambiguation) 7: 9751:Right to keep and bear arms 9661:Freedom from discrimination 6845:Radio Netherlands Worldwide 4962:Unb, Dhaka (26 June 2010). 4773:Alemparte Diaz, Luis Filipe 3554: 3166: 2609:(1936–1939) and the end of 2233: 1965:Mexico's disappeared people 1957:2014 Iguala mass kidnapping 1481: 1426:) in which he explained in 1218:, writer and member of the 1127:Other prominent victims of 1001:Central Intelligence Agency 896:In 1999 opposition leaders 689:a controversial amnesty law 653: 463:Kurdish Workers Party (PKK) 10: 10257: 10196:Imprisonment and detention 8802:Hay, Wayne (13 May 2019). 7422:Ryan, Órla (10 May 2017). 4662:Goñi, Uki (22 July 2016). 3492: 3469: 3397: 3361: 3170: 2957: 2574: 2474: 2361: 2306: 2250:US invasion of Afghanistan 2237: 2188: 2091:2021–2023 Myanmar protests 2084: 2080: 2010: 1954: 1925:Iran student riots in 1999 1842: 1733: 1710:Guatemalan Party of Labour 1684: 1628: 1624: 1399: 1353:by the 14th (and current) 1326: 1179:and to the extradition of 1114:to propagate this thesis, 963:on 11 September 1973, the 948: 942: 877: 873: 839: 747:Navy Petty-Officers School 698: 658: 215: 212:International criminal law 116:international criminal law 29: 10042: 9948: 9915:Right to rest and leisure 9821: 9626: 9619: 7521:Philippine Daily Inquirer 6722:. IFEX. 8 December 1998. 6423:29 September 2022 at the 6358:National Security Archive 4793:National Security Archive 4490:Goyochea, Agueda (2007). 3950:"Enforced Disappearances" 3744: 3425:Guantanamo Bay Naval Base 3372:Donetsk People's Republic 3318: 3286:Surachai Danwattananusorn 2521:in South Korea in 1993. 2519:end of authoritarian rule 2513:during the Korean war. A 2416: 1950: 868:national election of 2014 737:, many alleged political 667:, which began in 1992 as 340:1977 and 1979 resolutions 9930:Right to social security 9895:Right to Internet access 9840:Equal pay for equal work 9726:Presumption of innocence 8416: 7583:"Del Rosario, Carlos B." 6398:17 November 2015 at the 5250:Kornbluh, Peter (2003). 3064: 2941:Other territories: 7,000 2570: 2542:People's Liberation Army 2120:anti-coup demonstrations 2007:Morocco / Western Sahara 1729: 1718:University of San Carlos 1528: 1322: 1296:and 18-year-old student 1274:Communist Party of Chile 1035:, "disappeared", as did 1031:, a journalist from the 938: 53:Pinochet military regime 9806:right to be a candidate 9636:Equality before the law 9536:20 January 2022 at the 7894:San Diego Union Tribune 7745:8 November 2023 at the 7262:Maillot (2005), p. 165. 7226:Maillot, Agnes (2005). 7149:"About the Disappeared" 6316:A Century of Revolution 5668:Reclaiming Stolen Lives 4411:Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung 4324:(in European Spanish). 4303:8 February 2007 at the 3611:Extraordinary rendition 3335:hold silent vigils and 3025:International Red Cross 2619:end of the dictatorship 2499:First Republic of Korea 2355:The Southern Tagalog 10 2295:. The spokesman of the 2257:Palestinian territories 2017:Years of Lead (Morocco) 1918: 1838: 1538:security forces led by 1464:one-country two-systems 1439:Chinese Communist Party 1363:Chinese Communist Party 1112:disinformation campaign 935:and Anatol Krassouski. 673:Islamic Salvation Front 222:crimes against humanity 204:under the law, and the 10191:Enforced disappearance 10061:Bosnia and Herzegovina 9666:Freedom of information 9651:Freedom of association 7648:Bantayog ng mga Bayani 7586:Bantayog ng mga Bayani 6815:(in Mexican Spanish). 5304:20 August 2007 at the 4524:10.1525/an.2005.46.6.5 4274:E/CN.4/2002/71-page 28 4147:E/CN.4/2002/71-page 10 4074:E/CN.4/2002/71-page 37 3763:Bosnia and Herzegovina 3599:Command responsibility 3376:Alexander Zakharchenko 2598: 2494: 2325: 2034: 2029:, daughter of General 1975:human rights defenders 1966: 1896:, many of them during 1853:Camp Speicher massacre 1757:Indian security forces 1592: 1298:Carmen Gloria Quintana 1280:, head of the Chilean 1079: 893: 846:Since 2010, under the 722: 474:Dayton Peace Agreement 470:Bosnia and Herzegovina 306: 270: 243: 112:statute of limitations 108:crime against humanity 61:enforced disappearance 56: 10035:Forced disappearances 9978:Intersex human rights 9786:Right of self-defense 9741:Right to a fair trial 9444:Amnesty International 9128:Amnesty International 9096:Amnesty International 7829:Amnesty International 7677:"Southern Tagalog 10" 7523:. 22 September 2018. 7339:. 16 September 2010. 6284:Amnesty International 6252:Amnesty International 6189:Amnesty International 5992:Amnesty International 5129:Amnesty International 3476:A report produced by 3449:Homan Square facility 3410:Amnesty International 3305:Wanchalearn Satsaksit 3229:1991 Thai coup d'état 3148:Amnesty International 3029:Sri Lanka's civil war 2588: 2509:, and as part of the 2488: 2449:Amnesty International 2320: 2207:organizations during 2024: 1964: 1587: 1558:Amnesty International 1372:CCP general secretary 1294:Rodrigo Rojas DeNegri 1251:Eduardo Frei Montalva 1230:and president of the 1073: 1067:, the secret police. 989:intelligence agencies 949:Further information: 887: 856:state security forces 712: 678:state security forces 497:from Bogotá in 1988. 477:disappeared persons. 350:Adolfo Pérez Esquivel 308:German Field Marshal 302: 265: 232: 216:Further information: 194:right to a fair trial 86:plausible deniability 46: 10221:Political repression 10171:United Arab Emirates 9865:Right to development 9746:Right to family life 9696:Freedom from torture 9681:Freedom from slavery 9560:21 June 2010 at the 9553:Human Rights First; 9531:Familylinks.icrc.org 9240:on 30 September 2007 8392:. 11 February 2014. 7399:. 29 November 2010. 7309:. 22 December 2008. 7066:. 17 February 2014. 6664:. 28 February 2008. 5551:. 6 September 2015. 5461:The Buddhist Channel 5136:on 21 September 2017 4373:HR, Council (2009). 3873:United Arab Emirates 3455:, comparing it to a 3309:Phnom Penh, Cambodia 2581:White Terror (Spain) 2511:Bodo league massacre 2481:Bodo League massacre 2334:University of Hawaii 1740:Insurgency in Punjab 1697:Guatemalan Civil War 1669:. Most victims were 1575:Salvadoran Civil War 1535:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi 1450:, went missing from 1361:. In his place, the 1343:Gedhun Choekyi Nyima 1286:Carabineros de Chile 1208:Stefano delle Chiaie 1137:President of Bolivia 1078:in Santiago de Chile 906:Alexander Lukashenko 65:forced disappearance 10211:Human rights abuses 9676:Freedom of religion 9671:Freedom of movement 9646:Freedom of assembly 9628:Civil and political 9394:10.1093/jicj/mqv084 9353:(23 January 2020). 9131:. 6 February 2011. 8971:. 2 November 2009. 8906:The Washington Post 8744:The Washington Post 8389:Middle East Monitor 8360:. 21 October 2015. 8181:on 19 February 2023 8051:. 16 October 2008. 7736:Forsythe, David P. 7683:. 22 October 2012. 7588:. 15 October 2015. 7369:. 2 November 2010. 7155:on 18 November 2013 6903:. 31 October 2007. 6876:Maghreb Arabe Press 6696:. 26 January 2002. 6230:5 July 2010 at the 5812:World Watch Monitor 5327:27 May 2011 at the 5038:. 5 December 2015. 4936:. 13 October 2014. 4934:Ain o Salish Kendra 4128:8 July 2018 at the 3368:Russo-Ukrainian War 3366:During the ongoing 3240:Somchai Neelapaijit 3193:Somchai Neelapaijit 2852:Valencian Community 2626:221st Mixed Brigade 2591:Spanish republicans 2434:human rights abuses 2342:Marcos dictatorship 2340:at 783. During the 2313:Philippine Drug War 2095:During the ongoing 1701:Guatemalan military 1687:Guatemalan genocide 1675:concentration camps 1659:political opponents 1333:Kidnapping in China 1238:in March 1976; and 1155:, a former Chilean 1055:Christian minister 1037:Víctor Olea Alegría 817:Jorge Rafael Videla 786:vuelos de la muerte 110:, not subject to a 76:, may be illegally 10231:War crimes by type 9993:Right to sexuality 9870:Right to education 9796:Security of person 9691:Freedom of thought 9572:– video report by 9447:. 29 August 2012. 9317:The New York Times 9191:The New York Times 8526:on 31 October 2020 8495:on 10 January 2023 8428:on 6 November 2015 8326:Human Rights Watch 8295:The New York Times 7993:on 10 January 2023 7493:. 20 August 2015. 7096:The New York Times 7031:Human Rights Watch 6966:. 27 August 2020. 6604:Human Rights Watch 6506:The New York Times 6427:. 26 January 2009. 6287:. 23 August 2010. 5724:The New York Times 5256:Democracy in Chile 5066:Human Rights Watch 4465:Human Rights Watch 3514:. You can help by 3374:(DPR). DPR leader 3313:2020 Thai protests 3307:was abducted from 3284:In December 2018, 3238:On 12 March 2004, 3146:In November 2015, 3126:Human Rights Watch 2782:Castilla-La Mancha 2666:Audiencia Nacional 2641:Spanish Government 2599: 2495: 2430:Russian government 2381:. You can help by 2326: 2149:. You can help by 2112:2021 military coup 2035: 1967: 1941:Iranian Revolution 1929:Human Rights Watch 1872:. You can help by 1811:. You can help by 1671:killed on the spot 1501:. You can help by 1406:Lee Bo (李波) was a 1347:Chinese government 1317:summarily executed 1288:and member of the 1255:Christian Democrat 1216:Volodia Teitelboim 1189:Christian-Democrat 1139:, assassinated in 1080: 1039:, a member of the 923:In December 2019, 894: 815:President General 770:Argentine military 723: 665:Algerian Civil War 636:Russian Federation 251:General background 57: 10178: 10177: 10001: 10000: 9900:Right to property 9860:Right to clothing 9845:Fair remuneration 9813:Right to homeland 9761:Right to petition 9686:Freedom of speech 9481:978-3-946499-76-3 9255:Works related to 8650:. 25 January 2019 8583:Los Angeles Times 8554:. 22 April 2016. 8322:"A Wasted Decade" 8207:. 28 March 1999. 7936:978-0-520-27490-7 7239:978-0-415-32197-6 7175:"The Disappeared" 6852:on 28 August 2007 6393:Ensaaf - About Us 6325:978-0-8223-9285-9 6255:. 29 April 2022. 6055:www.belady-ih.org 5987:"Egypt 2017/2018" 5787:on 3 January 2012 5678:978-971-92451-1-7 5645:978-1-78195-586-4 5581:. 5 August 2022. 5528:978-0-316-85988-2 5433:. 28 April 2018. 5366:978-956-282-853-6 5312:, 23 January 2007 5265:978-1-84519-081-1 5224:The Seattle Times 5202:978-0-8223-3354-8 5068:. 17 March 2015. 4753:on 2 October 2003 4579:Los Angeles Times 4512:Anthropology News 4467:. 13 April 2005. 4318:"ACNUDH | Inicio" 4295:6 February 2007, 3913:978-0-521-80899-6 3880: 3879: 3605:Damnatio memoriae 3532: 3531: 3489:Former Yugoslavia 3271:a serious offense 3263:military takeover 3152:Syrian government 3132:'s 30-year rule. 3122: 3121: 3114: 3088:used on Knowledge 3086:encyclopedic tone 3017: 3016: 3009: 2983:used on Knowledge 2981:encyclopedic tone 2888:Basque Government 2607:Spanish Civil War 2407:Nicolae Ceaușescu 2399: 2398: 2297:interior ministry 2167: 2166: 2097:Rohingya genocide 2087:Rohingya genocide 2067:Housni Benslimane 1979:Atoyac de Álvarez 1890: 1889: 1829: 1828: 1774:Jammu and Kashmir 1762:counterinsurgency 1706:counterinsurgency 1607:Equatorial Guinea 1601:Equatorial Guinea 1569:According to the 1523:internal conflict 1519: 1518: 1304:, killing Rojas. 1212:Carlos Altamirano 1193:Bernardo Leighton 1116:Operation Colombo 888:Demonstration in 790:los desaparecidos 773:to the military. 743:detention centers 353:recommendations. 330:Alfonso Chanfreau 261:French Revolution 98:According to the 16:(Redirected from 10248: 10206:Political crimes 10201:Counterterrorism 10028: 10021: 10014: 10005: 10004: 9890:Right to housing 9824:Economic, social 9771:Right to protest 9766:Right to privacy 9605: 9598: 9591: 9582: 9581: 9569: 9504: 9501: 9495: 9492: 9486: 9485: 9467: 9461: 9460: 9458: 9456: 9435: 9429: 9428: 9426: 9424: 9404: 9398: 9397: 9377: 9371: 9370: 9368: 9366: 9347: 9341: 9340: 9338: 9336: 9308: 9302: 9301: 9299: 9297: 9269: 9260: 9254: 9249: 9247: 9245: 9239: 9233:. Archived from 9228: 9216: 9210: 9209: 9207: 9205: 9195:Washington, D.C. 9182: 9176: 9175: 9173: 9171: 9160:The Boston Globe 9151: 9145: 9144: 9142: 9140: 9119: 9113: 9112: 9110: 9108: 9087: 9081: 9080: 9078: 9076: 9070: 9063: 9055: 9049: 9048: 9046: 9044: 9038: 9031: 9023: 9017: 9016: 9014: 9012: 9006: 8999: 8991: 8985: 8984: 8982: 8980: 8968:Voice of America 8959: 8953: 8952: 8950: 8948: 8929: 8923: 8922: 8920: 8918: 8896: 8890: 8889: 8887: 8885: 8876:. 10 June 2020. 8864: 8858: 8857: 8855: 8853: 8832: 8826: 8825: 8823: 8821: 8799: 8793: 8792: 8790: 8788: 8766: 8760: 8759: 8757: 8755: 8741: 8732: 8726: 8725: 8723: 8721: 8699: 8693: 8692: 8690: 8688: 8674: 8666: 8660: 8659: 8657: 8655: 8638: 8632: 8631: 8629: 8627: 8615:Associated Press 8605: 8599: 8598: 8596: 8594: 8574: 8568: 8567: 8565: 8563: 8542: 8536: 8535: 8533: 8531: 8522:. Archived from 8520:The Isaan Record 8511: 8505: 8504: 8502: 8500: 8491:. Archived from 8480: 8471: 8470: 8468: 8466: 8444: 8438: 8437: 8435: 8433: 8412: 8406: 8405: 8403: 8401: 8380: 8374: 8373: 8371: 8369: 8348: 8342: 8341: 8339: 8337: 8317: 8311: 8310: 8308: 8306: 8286: 8280: 8279: 8277: 8275: 8253: 8247: 8246: 8244: 8242: 8227: 8221: 8220: 8218: 8216: 8197: 8191: 8190: 8188: 8186: 8167: 8161: 8160: 8158: 8156: 8134: 8128: 8127: 8125: 8123: 8104: 8098: 8097: 8095: 8093: 8071: 8065: 8064: 8062: 8060: 8039: 8033: 8032: 8030: 8028: 8019:. Archived from 8009: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7998: 7989:. Archived from 7979: 7973: 7972: 7970: 7968: 7947: 7941: 7940: 7920: 7914: 7913: 7911: 7909: 7898:Associated Press 7885: 7879: 7878: 7876: 7874: 7854: 7848: 7847: 7845: 7843: 7837: 7826: 7818: 7812: 7811: 7809: 7807: 7788: 7782: 7781: 7779: 7777: 7768:. 27 July 2006. 7756: 7750: 7734: 7728: 7727: 7725: 7723: 7706:Faustino, Joey. 7703: 7697: 7696: 7694: 7692: 7673: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7659: 7639: 7633: 7632: 7630: 7628: 7608: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7597: 7579: 7570: 7569: 7567: 7565: 7553:The Manila Times 7543: 7537: 7536: 7534: 7532: 7513: 7507: 7506: 7504: 7502: 7481: 7475: 7474: 7472: 7470: 7450: 7444: 7443: 7441: 7439: 7419: 7413: 7412: 7410: 7408: 7389: 7383: 7382: 7380: 7378: 7359: 7353: 7352: 7350: 7348: 7329: 7323: 7322: 7320: 7318: 7299: 7293: 7292: 7290: 7288: 7279:. 20 July 1999. 7269: 7263: 7260: 7251: 7250: 7248: 7246: 7223: 7217: 7216: 7214: 7212: 7197: 7191: 7190: 7188: 7186: 7171: 7165: 7164: 7162: 7160: 7145: 7139: 7138: 7136: 7134: 7119: 7113: 7112: 7110: 7108: 7086: 7080: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7054: 7048: 7047: 7045: 7043: 7034:. 2 April 2021. 7022: 7016: 7015: 7013: 7011: 6999:Associated Press 6989: 6980: 6979: 6977: 6975: 6954: 6948: 6947: 6945: 6943: 6932:Publico - España 6923: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6912: 6893: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6868: 6862: 6861: 6859: 6857: 6848:. Archived from 6835: 6829: 6828: 6826: 6824: 6804: 6798: 6797: 6795: 6793: 6772: 6766: 6765: 6763: 6761: 6742: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6731: 6716: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6705: 6684: 6678: 6677: 6675: 6673: 6652: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6641: 6626: 6620: 6619: 6617: 6615: 6606:. 30 July 1999. 6596: 6590: 6589: 6587: 6585: 6563: 6557: 6556: 6529: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6496: 6490: 6489: 6487: 6485: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6456: 6454: 6434: 6428: 6414: 6403: 6390: 6384: 6381: 6375: 6374: 6372: 6370: 6348: 6342: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6307: 6301: 6300: 6298: 6296: 6275: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6264: 6243: 6237: 6222: 6216: 6215: 6211: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6200: 6191:. 4 March 2021. 6181: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6167: 6158:. 4 March 2021. 6155:Associated Press 6146: 6137: 6136: 6134: 6132: 6113: 6107: 6106: 6104: 6102: 6096: 6085: 6077: 6071: 6070: 6068: 6066: 6047: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6036: 6030: 6024:. 12 July 2016. 6023: 6015: 6009: 6008: 6006: 6004: 5983: 5974: 5973: 5971: 5969: 5954: 5948: 5947: 5945: 5943: 5921: 5915: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5888: 5882: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5855: 5849: 5848: 5846: 5844: 5829: 5823: 5822: 5820: 5818: 5803: 5797: 5796: 5794: 5792: 5771: 5765: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5749: 5743: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5715: 5709: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5689: 5683: 5682: 5662: 5656: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5627: 5621: 5620: 5618: 5616: 5601: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5571: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5560: 5539: 5533: 5532: 5515: 5509: 5508: 5506: 5504: 5483: 5477: 5476: 5474: 5472: 5453: 5447: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5421: 5415: 5414: 5412: 5410: 5389: 5383: 5382: 5380: 5378: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5319: 5313: 5296: 5290: 5289: 5287: 5285: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5214: 5208: 5206: 5188: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5152: 5146: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5120: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5100:. 14 July 2010. 5088: 5082: 5081: 5079: 5077: 5058: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5028: 5019: 5018: 5016: 5014: 4992: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4959: 4953: 4952: 4950: 4948: 4942: 4931: 4923: 4917: 4916: 4914: 4912: 4900:Voice of America 4890: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4854: 4848: 4847: 4845: 4843: 4837: 4826: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4807: 4801: 4790: 4781: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4733: 4727: 4726: 4724: 4722: 4700: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4648: 4633: 4627: 4626: 4624: 4622: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4593: 4591: 4569: 4563: 4562: 4542: 4536: 4535: 4507: 4496: 4495: 4487: 4481: 4480: 4478: 4476: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4448: 4446: 4428: 4422: 4421: 4419: 4417: 4403: 4397: 4396: 4394: 4392: 4386: 4379: 4370: 4364: 4363: 4361: 4359: 4344: 4338: 4337: 4335: 4333: 4314: 4308: 4290: 4284: 4281: 4275: 4272: 4266: 4263: 4257: 4254: 4248: 4245: 4239: 4236: 4230: 4227: 4221: 4218: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4199: 4193: 4190: 4184: 4181: 4175: 4172: 4166: 4163: 4157: 4154: 4148: 4145: 4139: 4119:Eduardo Febbro, 4117: 4111: 4108: 4102: 4099: 4093: 4090: 4084: 4081: 4075: 4072: 4066: 4062: 4056: 4053: 4047: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4028: 4022: 4021: 4019: 4017: 3998: 3992: 3991: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3946: 3940: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3924: 3918: 3917: 3893: 3731: 3724: 3717: 3708: 3707: 3679:Saturday Mothers 3527: 3524: 3506: 3499: 3439:Spencer Ackerman 3400:Operation Condor 3383:Stanislav Aseyev 3333:Saturday Mothers 3189:Amnesty Thailand 3117: 3110: 3106: 3103: 3097: 3096:for suggestions. 3092:See Knowledge's 3077: 3076: 3069: 3012: 3005: 3001: 2998: 2992: 2991:for suggestions. 2987:See Knowledge's 2972: 2971: 2964: 2740:Balearic Islands 2647:Estimate of the 2611:Francisco Franco 2589:A mass grave of 2403:communist regime 2394: 2391: 2373: 2366: 2338:Ferdinand Marcos 2291:were heading to 2246:Pervez Musharraf 2205:Irish Republican 2162: 2159: 2141: 2134: 2025:Moroccan writer 1969:During Mexico's 1945:Ali Murad Davudi 1885: 1882: 1864: 1857: 1824: 1821: 1803: 1796: 1514: 1511: 1493: 1486: 1365:(CCP) appointed 1228:Salvador Allende 1226:, the nephew of 1153:Orlando Letelier 1143:on 2 June 1976; 1133:Juan José Torres 1129:Operation Condor 1090:. Thus, General 1088:Operation Condor 1049:Colonia Dignidad 1045:Boris Weisfeiler 1025:Caravan of Death 997:Operation Condor 973:Salvador Allende 969:Augusto Pinochet 961:seizure of power 951:Operation Condor 914:Dzmitry Zavadski 795:Activist groups 735:Operation Condor 705:Operation Condor 316:Since 1974, the 283:Nuremberg trials 279:Second World War 241: 240:(Article 7.2(i)) 202:equal protection 190:right to liberty 130:Human rights law 49:La Moneda Palace 21: 10256: 10255: 10251: 10250: 10249: 10247: 10246: 10245: 10181: 10180: 10179: 10174: 10038: 10032: 10002: 9997: 9968:Family planning 9953: 9944: 9920:Right of return 9880:Right to health 9828: 9825: 9817: 9781:Right to resist 9731:Right of asylum 9622: 9615: 9609: 9567: 9562:Wayback Machine 9538:Wayback Machine 9512: 9507: 9502: 9498: 9493: 9489: 9482: 9468: 9464: 9454: 9452: 9437: 9436: 9432: 9422: 9420: 9405: 9401: 9378: 9374: 9364: 9362: 9348: 9344: 9334: 9332: 9309: 9305: 9295: 9293: 9270: 9263: 9243: 9241: 9237: 9226: 9217: 9213: 9203: 9201: 9183: 9179: 9169: 9167: 9152: 9148: 9138: 9136: 9121: 9120: 9116: 9106: 9104: 9099:. 7 June 2007. 9089: 9088: 9084: 9074: 9072: 9068: 9061: 9057: 9056: 9052: 9042: 9040: 9036: 9029: 9025: 9024: 9020: 9010: 9008: 9004: 8997: 8993: 8992: 8988: 8978: 8976: 8961: 8960: 8956: 8946: 8944: 8937:Diritti Globali 8931: 8930: 8926: 8916: 8914: 8897: 8893: 8883: 8881: 8866: 8865: 8861: 8851: 8849: 8844:. 16 May 2020. 8834: 8833: 8829: 8819: 8817: 8800: 8796: 8786: 8784: 8767: 8763: 8753: 8751: 8739: 8733: 8729: 8719: 8717: 8700: 8696: 8686: 8684: 8667: 8663: 8653: 8651: 8640: 8639: 8635: 8625: 8623: 8606: 8602: 8592: 8590: 8575: 8571: 8561: 8559: 8544: 8543: 8539: 8529: 8527: 8512: 8508: 8498: 8496: 8481: 8474: 8464: 8462: 8445: 8441: 8431: 8429: 8418: 8414: 8413: 8409: 8399: 8397: 8382: 8381: 8377: 8367: 8365: 8350: 8349: 8345: 8335: 8333: 8318: 8314: 8304: 8302: 8287: 8283: 8273: 8271: 8254: 8250: 8240: 8238: 8229: 8228: 8224: 8214: 8212: 8199: 8198: 8194: 8184: 8182: 8175:La Nueva España 8169: 8168: 8164: 8154: 8152: 8135: 8131: 8121: 8119: 8106: 8105: 8101: 8091: 8089: 8072: 8068: 8058: 8056: 8041: 8040: 8036: 8026: 8024: 8011: 8010: 8006: 7996: 7994: 7981: 7980: 7976: 7966: 7964: 7949: 7948: 7944: 7937: 7921: 7917: 7907: 7905: 7886: 7882: 7872: 7870: 7855: 7851: 7841: 7839: 7835: 7831:. 25 May 2016. 7824: 7820: 7819: 7815: 7805: 7803: 7790: 7789: 7785: 7775: 7773: 7758: 7757: 7753: 7747:Wayback Machine 7735: 7731: 7721: 7719: 7704: 7700: 7690: 7688: 7675: 7674: 7667: 7657: 7655: 7640: 7636: 7626: 7624: 7609: 7605: 7595: 7593: 7581: 7580: 7573: 7563: 7561: 7544: 7540: 7530: 7528: 7515: 7514: 7510: 7500: 7498: 7483: 7482: 7478: 7468: 7466: 7451: 7447: 7437: 7435: 7420: 7416: 7406: 7404: 7391: 7390: 7386: 7376: 7374: 7361: 7360: 7356: 7346: 7344: 7331: 7330: 7326: 7316: 7314: 7301: 7300: 7296: 7286: 7284: 7271: 7270: 7266: 7261: 7254: 7244: 7242: 7240: 7224: 7220: 7210: 7208: 7199: 7198: 7194: 7184: 7182: 7173: 7172: 7168: 7158: 7156: 7147: 7146: 7142: 7132: 7130: 7129:on 25 June 2014 7121: 7120: 7116: 7106: 7104: 7087: 7083: 7073: 7071: 7056: 7055: 7051: 7041: 7039: 7024: 7023: 7019: 7009: 7007: 6990: 6983: 6973: 6971: 6956: 6955: 6951: 6941: 6939: 6924: 6920: 6910: 6908: 6895: 6894: 6890: 6880: 6878: 6870: 6869: 6865: 6855: 6853: 6836: 6832: 6822: 6820: 6805: 6801: 6791: 6789: 6774: 6773: 6769: 6759: 6757: 6744: 6743: 6739: 6729: 6727: 6718: 6717: 6713: 6703: 6701: 6686: 6685: 6681: 6671: 6669: 6654: 6653: 6649: 6639: 6637: 6636:on 28 July 2011 6628: 6627: 6623: 6613: 6611: 6598: 6597: 6593: 6583: 6581: 6573:The Independent 6564: 6560: 6553: 6545:. p. 295. 6533:Bevins, Vincent 6530: 6526: 6516: 6514: 6497: 6493: 6483: 6481: 6466: 6462: 6452: 6450: 6435: 6431: 6425:Wayback Machine 6415: 6406: 6400:Wayback Machine 6391: 6387: 6382: 6378: 6368: 6366: 6349: 6345: 6335: 6333: 6326: 6308: 6304: 6294: 6292: 6277: 6276: 6272: 6262: 6260: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6232:Wayback Machine 6223: 6219: 6212: 6208: 6198: 6196: 6183: 6182: 6175: 6165: 6163: 6148: 6147: 6140: 6130: 6128: 6115: 6114: 6110: 6100: 6098: 6094: 6083: 6079: 6078: 6074: 6064: 6062: 6049: 6048: 6044: 6034: 6032: 6028: 6021: 6017: 6016: 6012: 6002: 6000: 5985: 5984: 5977: 5967: 5965: 5956: 5955: 5951: 5941: 5939: 5922: 5918: 5908: 5906: 5889: 5885: 5875: 5873: 5856: 5852: 5842: 5840: 5838:www.asianews.it 5830: 5826: 5816: 5814: 5804: 5800: 5790: 5788: 5773: 5772: 5768: 5758: 5756: 5755:. 30 April 2010 5751: 5750: 5746: 5736: 5734: 5716: 5712: 5702: 5700: 5698:www.asianews.it 5690: 5686: 5679: 5663: 5659: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5628: 5624: 5614: 5612: 5603: 5602: 5598: 5588: 5586: 5579:Hindustan Times 5573: 5572: 5568: 5558: 5556: 5541: 5540: 5536: 5529: 5517: 5516: 5512: 5502: 5500: 5495:. 16 May 2005. 5485: 5484: 5480: 5470: 5468: 5455: 5454: 5450: 5440: 5438: 5423: 5422: 5418: 5408: 5406: 5391: 5390: 5386: 5376: 5374: 5367: 5349: 5348: 5344: 5338: 5329:Wayback Machine 5320: 5316: 5306:Wayback Machine 5297: 5293: 5283: 5281: 5266: 5248: 5244: 5234: 5232: 5215: 5211: 5203: 5189: 5182: 5172: 5170: 5153: 5149: 5139: 5137: 5122: 5121: 5117: 5107: 5105: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5075: 5073: 5060: 5059: 5055: 5045: 5043: 5030: 5029: 5022: 5012: 5010: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4960: 4956: 4946: 4944: 4940: 4929: 4925: 4924: 4920: 4910: 4908: 4891: 4884: 4874: 4872: 4855: 4851: 4841: 4839: 4838:on 4 March 2016 4835: 4824: 4820: 4819: 4815: 4805: 4803: 4799: 4788: 4779: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4754: 4735: 4734: 4730: 4720: 4718: 4701: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4660: 4656: 4646: 4644: 4635: 4634: 4630: 4620: 4618: 4603: 4599: 4589: 4587: 4570: 4566: 4543: 4539: 4508: 4499: 4488: 4484: 4474: 4472: 4459: 4458: 4454: 4444: 4442: 4429: 4425: 4415: 4413: 4405: 4404: 4400: 4390: 4388: 4384: 4377: 4371: 4367: 4357: 4355: 4346: 4345: 4341: 4331: 4329: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4305:Wayback Machine 4291: 4287: 4282: 4278: 4273: 4269: 4264: 4260: 4255: 4251: 4246: 4242: 4237: 4233: 4228: 4224: 4219: 4215: 4209: 4205: 4200: 4196: 4191: 4187: 4182: 4178: 4173: 4169: 4164: 4160: 4155: 4151: 4146: 4142: 4130:Wayback Machine 4118: 4114: 4109: 4105: 4100: 4096: 4091: 4087: 4082: 4078: 4073: 4069: 4063: 4059: 4054: 4050: 4040: 4038: 4030: 4029: 4025: 4015: 4013: 4000: 3999: 3995: 3972: 3968: 3958: 3956: 3948: 3947: 3943: 3933: 3931: 3926: 3925: 3921: 3914: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3740: 3735: 3704: 3702: 3658:Nacht und Nebel 3557: 3544: 3528: 3522: 3519: 3512:needs expansion 3497: 3491: 3474: 3468: 3406: 3404:CIA black sites 3396: 3364: 3337:sit-in protests 3321: 3279:Vientiane, Laos 3248:southern region 3242:, a well-known 3175: 3169: 3136:Bashar al-Assad 3118: 3107: 3101: 3098: 3091: 3082:This article's 3078: 3074: 3067: 3059:Hillary Clinton 3013: 3002: 2996: 2993: 2986: 2977:This article's 2973: 2969: 2962: 2956: 2944:Total: 114,266 2660:La Nueva España 2652: 2637:Baltasar Garzón 2583: 2573: 2483: 2473: 2419: 2395: 2389: 2386: 2379:needs expansion 2364: 2332:Library at the 2323:Baclaran Church 2315: 2307:Main articles: 2305: 2259: 2242: 2236: 2228:Jean McConville 2197:Provisional IRA 2193: 2187: 2163: 2157: 2154: 2147:needs expansion 2132: 2105:Rohingya people 2093: 2083: 2059:Baltasar Garzón 2051:Mehdi Ben Barka 2019: 2011:Main articles: 2009: 1994:Felipe Calderón 1959: 1953: 1921: 1909:United Nations' 1898:Operation Anfal 1886: 1880: 1877: 1870:needs expansion 1855: 1843:Main articles: 1841: 1825: 1819: 1816: 1809:needs expansion 1794: 1782:Line of Control 1742: 1732: 1689: 1683: 1667:occupied Europe 1650:Nacht und Nebel 1633: 1631:Nacht und Nebel 1627: 1603: 1567: 1556:In March 2021, 1531: 1515: 1509: 1506: 1499:needs expansion 1484: 1404: 1398: 1367:Gyaincain Norbu 1341:On 17 May 1995 1339: 1325: 1270:gruesome murder 1259:Eugenio Berrios 1220:Communist Party 1199:in 1975 by the 1181:Michael Townley 1169:Washington D.C. 1041:Socialist Party 957: 947: 941: 898:Yury Zacharanka 882: 876: 844: 838: 751:detention camps 707: 699:Main articles: 697: 682:Mohamed Mediène 661: 656: 536: 527: 493:in 1982 or the 483: 452:In Europe, the 450: 390: 342: 288:Nacht und Nebel 253: 248: 242: 239: 224: 214: 132: 80:, and is often 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10254: 10244: 10243: 10238: 10233: 10228: 10223: 10218: 10213: 10208: 10203: 10198: 10193: 10176: 10175: 10173: 10168: 10163: 10158: 10153: 10148: 10143: 10138: 10133: 10128: 10123: 10118: 10113: 10108: 10103: 10098: 10093: 10088: 10083: 10078: 10073: 10068: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10040: 10039: 10031: 10030: 10023: 10016: 10008: 9999: 9998: 9996: 9995: 9990: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9959: 9957: 9946: 9945: 9943: 9942: 9937: 9935:Right to water 9932: 9927: 9922: 9917: 9912: 9910:Right of reply 9907: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9872: 9867: 9862: 9857: 9852: 9847: 9842: 9837: 9835:Digital rights 9831: 9829: 9822: 9819: 9818: 9816: 9815: 9810: 9809: 9808: 9798: 9793: 9791:Right to truth 9788: 9783: 9778: 9773: 9768: 9763: 9758: 9753: 9748: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9632: 9630: 9624: 9623: 9620: 9617: 9616: 9608: 9607: 9600: 9593: 9585: 9579: 9578: 9575:Democracy Now! 9564: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9528: 9523: 9518: 9511: 9510:External links 9508: 9506: 9505: 9496: 9487: 9480: 9462: 9430: 9399: 9388:(1): 123–143. 9372: 9342: 9303: 9261: 9211: 9177: 9146: 9114: 9082: 9050: 9018: 8986: 8954: 8924: 8891: 8859: 8827: 8794: 8761: 8727: 8694: 8661: 8633: 8600: 8569: 8537: 8506: 8472: 8439: 8407: 8375: 8343: 8312: 8281: 8248: 8222: 8192: 8162: 8147:(in Spanish). 8129: 8099: 8084:(in Spanish). 8066: 8034: 8023:on 12 May 2016 8017:Melodysoft.com 8004: 7974: 7942: 7935: 7915: 7880: 7849: 7813: 7783: 7751: 7729: 7698: 7665: 7634: 7603: 7571: 7538: 7508: 7476: 7445: 7414: 7384: 7354: 7324: 7294: 7264: 7252: 7238: 7218: 7192: 7166: 7140: 7123:"Lisa Dorrian" 7114: 7081: 7049: 7017: 6981: 6949: 6934:(in Spanish). 6918: 6888: 6863: 6830: 6799: 6767: 6737: 6711: 6679: 6647: 6621: 6591: 6558: 6552:978-1541742406 6551: 6524: 6491: 6460: 6429: 6404: 6385: 6376: 6343: 6324: 6302: 6270: 6238: 6217: 6206: 6173: 6138: 6108: 6072: 6042: 6010: 5975: 5964:on 8 July 2011 5949: 5931:The New Yorker 5916: 5883: 5850: 5824: 5798: 5766: 5744: 5710: 5684: 5677: 5657: 5644: 5622: 5596: 5566: 5534: 5527: 5510: 5478: 5448: 5430:Tibetan Review 5416: 5384: 5365: 5342: 5314: 5291: 5264: 5242: 5209: 5201: 5180: 5162:Deutsche Welle 5147: 5115: 5097:The Daily Star 5083: 5053: 5020: 5002:The Daily Star 4987: 4969:The Daily Star 4954: 4918: 4882: 4849: 4813: 4764: 4728: 4695: 4654: 4628: 4597: 4564: 4537: 4497: 4482: 4452: 4423: 4398: 4365: 4339: 4309: 4285: 4276: 4267: 4258: 4249: 4240: 4231: 4222: 4213: 4203: 4194: 4185: 4176: 4167: 4158: 4149: 4140: 4138:, 20 June 2006 4112: 4103: 4094: 4085: 4076: 4067: 4057: 4048: 4023: 3993: 3966: 3941: 3919: 3912: 3887: 3885: 3882: 3878: 3877: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3840: 3835: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3742: 3741: 3734: 3733: 3726: 3719: 3711: 3701: 3700: 3695: 3690: 3685: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3654: 3645: 3643:Missing person 3640: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3618: 3616:Ghost detainee 3613: 3608: 3601: 3596: 3591: 3586: 3581: 3575: 3569: 3564: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3548:European Union 3543: 3540: 3530: 3529: 3509: 3507: 3493:Main article: 3490: 3487: 3470:Main article: 3467: 3464: 3395: 3392: 3363: 3360: 3320: 3317: 3168: 3165: 3130:Hafez al-Assad 3120: 3119: 3081: 3079: 3072: 3066: 3063: 3015: 3014: 2976: 2974: 2967: 2958:Main article: 2955: 2952: 2951: 2950: 2949: 2948: 2942: 2939: 2929: 2923: 2917: 2911: 2905: 2899: 2893: 2892: 2891: 2870:Basque Country 2867: 2849: 2843: 2801: 2779: 2773: 2762:Canary Islands 2759: 2737: 2727: 2709: 2651: 2645: 2603:United Nations 2572: 2569: 2493:, South Korea. 2472: 2469: 2453:Crimean Tatars 2418: 2415: 2397: 2396: 2376: 2374: 2363: 2360: 2304: 2301: 2258: 2255: 2238:Main article: 2235: 2232: 2189:Main article: 2186: 2183: 2165: 2164: 2144: 2142: 2131: 2128: 2110:Following the 2082: 2079: 2063:Western Sahara 2031:Mohamed Oufkir 2008: 2005: 1952: 1949: 1939:following the 1933:women's rights 1923:Following the 1920: 1917: 1894:Saddam Hussein 1888: 1887: 1867: 1865: 1840: 1837: 1827: 1826: 1806: 1804: 1793: 1790: 1731: 1728: 1685:Main article: 1682: 1679: 1629:Main article: 1626: 1623: 1602: 1599: 1566: 1563: 1530: 1527: 1517: 1516: 1496: 1494: 1483: 1480: 1476:mainland China 1416:United Kingdom 1397: 1394: 1324: 1321: 1240:US Congressman 1224:Pascal Allende 1086:(DINA) during 1076:Villa Grimaldi 1029:Charles Horman 965:military junta 943:Main article: 940: 937: 933:Viktar Hanchar 925:Deutsche Welle 902:Viktar Hanchar 878:Main article: 875: 872: 840:Main article: 837: 834: 778:Atlantic Ocean 763:military junta 696: 693: 660: 657: 655: 652: 535: 532: 526: 523: 482: 479: 449: 446: 389: 386: 358:Felix Ermacora 341: 338: 310:Wilhelm Keitel 252: 249: 247: 244: 237: 213: 210: 183:United Nations 131: 128: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10253: 10242: 10239: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10229: 10227: 10224: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10212: 10209: 10207: 10204: 10202: 10199: 10197: 10194: 10192: 10189: 10188: 10186: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10144: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10047: 10044: 10041: 10036: 10029: 10024: 10022: 10017: 10015: 10010: 10009: 10006: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9960: 9958: 9956: 9951: 9947: 9941: 9940:Right to work 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9926: 9923: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9908: 9906: 9903: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9875:Right to food 9873: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9858: 9856: 9853: 9851: 9848: 9846: 9843: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9833: 9832: 9830: 9827: 9820: 9814: 9811: 9807: 9804: 9803: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9779: 9777: 9774: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9756:Right to life 9754: 9752: 9749: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9633: 9631: 9629: 9625: 9618: 9614: 9606: 9601: 9599: 9594: 9592: 9587: 9586: 9583: 9577: 9576: 9571: 9565: 9563: 9559: 9556: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9539: 9535: 9532: 9529: 9527: 9524: 9522: 9519: 9517: 9514: 9513: 9500: 9491: 9483: 9477: 9473: 9466: 9450: 9446: 9445: 9440: 9434: 9418: 9414: 9410: 9403: 9395: 9391: 9387: 9383: 9376: 9360: 9356: 9352: 9346: 9330: 9326: 9322: 9318: 9314: 9307: 9291: 9287: 9283: 9279: 9275: 9268: 9266: 9259:at Wikisource 9258: 9253: 9236: 9232: 9225: 9221: 9215: 9199: 9196: 9192: 9188: 9181: 9165: 9161: 9157: 9150: 9134: 9130: 9129: 9124: 9118: 9102: 9098: 9097: 9092: 9086: 9067: 9060: 9054: 9035: 9028: 9022: 9003: 8996: 8990: 8974: 8970: 8969: 8964: 8958: 8942: 8938: 8934: 8928: 8912: 8908: 8907: 8902: 8895: 8879: 8875: 8874: 8869: 8863: 8847: 8843: 8842: 8837: 8831: 8815: 8811: 8810: 8805: 8798: 8782: 8778: 8777: 8772: 8765: 8749: 8745: 8738: 8731: 8715: 8711: 8710: 8705: 8698: 8682: 8678: 8677:The Telegraph 8673: 8665: 8649: 8648: 8643: 8637: 8621: 8617: 8616: 8611: 8604: 8588: 8584: 8580: 8573: 8557: 8553: 8552: 8547: 8541: 8525: 8521: 8517: 8510: 8494: 8490: 8486: 8479: 8477: 8460: 8456: 8455: 8450: 8443: 8427: 8423: 8419: 8411: 8395: 8391: 8390: 8385: 8379: 8363: 8359: 8358: 8353: 8347: 8331: 8327: 8323: 8316: 8300: 8296: 8292: 8285: 8269: 8265: 8264: 8259: 8252: 8236: 8232: 8226: 8210: 8206: 8202: 8196: 8180: 8176: 8172: 8166: 8150: 8146: 8145: 8140: 8133: 8117: 8113: 8109: 8103: 8087: 8083: 8082: 8077: 8070: 8054: 8050: 8049: 8044: 8038: 8022: 8018: 8014: 8008: 7992: 7988: 7984: 7978: 7962: 7958: 7957: 7952: 7946: 7938: 7932: 7928: 7927: 7919: 7903: 7899: 7895: 7891: 7884: 7868: 7864: 7860: 7853: 7834: 7830: 7823: 7817: 7801: 7797: 7793: 7787: 7771: 7767: 7766: 7761: 7755: 7748: 7744: 7741: 7740: 7733: 7717: 7713: 7709: 7702: 7686: 7682: 7678: 7672: 7670: 7653: 7649: 7645: 7638: 7622: 7618: 7614: 7607: 7591: 7587: 7584: 7578: 7576: 7559: 7555: 7554: 7549: 7542: 7526: 7522: 7518: 7512: 7496: 7492: 7491: 7486: 7480: 7464: 7460: 7456: 7449: 7433: 7429: 7428:TheJournal.ie 7425: 7418: 7402: 7398: 7394: 7388: 7372: 7368: 7364: 7358: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7328: 7312: 7308: 7304: 7298: 7282: 7278: 7274: 7268: 7259: 7257: 7241: 7235: 7231: 7230: 7222: 7206: 7202: 7196: 7180: 7176: 7170: 7154: 7150: 7144: 7128: 7124: 7118: 7102: 7098: 7097: 7092: 7085: 7069: 7065: 7064: 7059: 7053: 7037: 7033: 7032: 7027: 7021: 7005: 7001: 7000: 6995: 6988: 6986: 6969: 6965: 6964: 6959: 6953: 6937: 6933: 6929: 6922: 6906: 6902: 6898: 6892: 6877: 6873: 6867: 6851: 6847: 6846: 6841: 6834: 6818: 6814: 6813:Forbes México 6810: 6803: 6787: 6783: 6782: 6777: 6771: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6741: 6725: 6721: 6715: 6699: 6695: 6694: 6689: 6683: 6667: 6663: 6662: 6657: 6651: 6635: 6631: 6625: 6609: 6605: 6601: 6595: 6579: 6575: 6574: 6569: 6562: 6554: 6548: 6544: 6543:PublicAffairs 6540: 6539: 6534: 6528: 6512: 6508: 6507: 6502: 6495: 6479: 6475: 6471: 6464: 6448: 6444: 6440: 6433: 6426: 6422: 6419: 6413: 6411: 6409: 6401: 6397: 6394: 6389: 6380: 6364: 6360: 6359: 6354: 6347: 6331: 6327: 6321: 6317: 6313: 6306: 6290: 6286: 6285: 6280: 6274: 6258: 6254: 6253: 6248: 6242: 6236: 6233: 6229: 6226: 6221: 6210: 6194: 6190: 6186: 6180: 6178: 6161: 6157: 6156: 6151: 6145: 6143: 6126: 6122: 6118: 6112: 6093: 6089: 6082: 6076: 6060: 6056: 6052: 6046: 6027: 6020: 6014: 5998: 5994: 5993: 5988: 5982: 5980: 5963: 5959: 5953: 5937: 5933: 5932: 5927: 5920: 5904: 5900: 5899: 5894: 5887: 5871: 5867: 5866: 5861: 5854: 5839: 5835: 5832:AsiaNews.it. 5828: 5813: 5809: 5802: 5786: 5782: 5781: 5776: 5770: 5754: 5748: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5714: 5699: 5695: 5692:AsiaNews.it. 5688: 5680: 5674: 5670: 5669: 5661: 5647: 5641: 5637: 5633: 5626: 5610: 5606: 5600: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5570: 5554: 5550: 5549: 5544: 5538: 5530: 5524: 5520: 5514: 5498: 5494: 5493: 5488: 5482: 5466: 5462: 5458: 5452: 5436: 5432: 5431: 5426: 5420: 5404: 5400: 5399: 5394: 5388: 5372: 5368: 5362: 5358: 5357:LOM Ediciones 5354: 5353: 5346: 5336: 5335: 5330: 5326: 5323: 5318: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5300: 5295: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5267: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5246: 5230: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5213: 5204: 5198: 5194: 5187: 5185: 5168: 5164: 5163: 5158: 5151: 5135: 5131: 5130: 5125: 5119: 5103: 5099: 5098: 5093: 5087: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5057: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5027: 5025: 5008: 5004: 5003: 4998: 4991: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4965: 4958: 4939: 4935: 4928: 4922: 4906: 4902: 4901: 4896: 4889: 4887: 4870: 4866: 4865: 4860: 4853: 4834: 4830: 4823: 4817: 4798: 4794: 4787: 4786: 4778: 4775:(July 1978). 4774: 4768: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4743: 4738: 4732: 4716: 4712: 4711: 4706: 4699: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4670: 4665: 4658: 4642: 4638: 4632: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4601: 4585: 4581: 4580: 4575: 4568: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4541: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4493: 4486: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4456: 4440: 4436: 4435: 4427: 4412: 4408: 4402: 4383: 4376: 4369: 4353: 4349: 4343: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4313: 4307: 4306: 4302: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4280: 4271: 4262: 4253: 4244: 4235: 4226: 4217: 4207: 4198: 4189: 4180: 4171: 4162: 4153: 4144: 4137: 4136: 4131: 4127: 4124: 4123: 4116: 4107: 4098: 4089: 4080: 4071: 4061: 4052: 4037: 4033: 4027: 4011: 4007: 4006:www.ohchr.org 4003: 3997: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3970: 3955: 3951: 3945: 3929: 3923: 3915: 3909: 3905: 3904: 3899: 3892: 3888: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3739: 3732: 3727: 3725: 3720: 3718: 3713: 3712: 3709: 3705: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3688:Secret police 3686: 3684: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3659: 3655: 3653: 3652:desaparecidos 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3623: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3606: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3595: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3559: 3552: 3549: 3539: 3537: 3536:Yugoslav Wars 3526: 3517: 3513: 3510:This section 3508: 3505: 3501: 3500: 3496: 3486: 3483: 3479: 3473: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3417: 3415: 3414:War on Terror 3411: 3408:According to 3405: 3401: 3394:United States 3391: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3359: 3357: 3352: 3348: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3316: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3301: 3298: 3294: 3289: 3287: 3282: 3280: 3275: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3259: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3236: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3221:Tanong Po-arn 3218: 3215:community in 3214: 3213: 3208: 3204: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3187:According to 3185: 3182: 3181: 3177:In 2013, the 3174: 3164: 3162: 3158: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3142: 3137: 3133: 3131: 3127: 3124:According to 3116: 3113: 3105: 3095: 3089: 3087: 3080: 3071: 3070: 3062: 3060: 3055: 3053: 3048: 3044: 3039: 3038: 3032: 3030: 3026: 3023:In 2003, the 3021: 3011: 3008: 3000: 2990: 2984: 2982: 2975: 2966: 2965: 2961: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2940: 2937: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2894: 2889: 2886: 2885: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2804:Castilla-León 2802: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2672: 2671: 2670: 2668: 2667: 2662: 2661: 2657:According to 2655: 2650: 2644: 2642: 2638: 2633: 2631: 2627: 2622: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2596: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2578: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2538:North Koreans 2534: 2530: 2528: 2527:death marches 2522: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2505:, during the 2504: 2503:Jeju uprising 2500: 2492: 2487: 2482: 2478: 2477:Jeju uprising 2468: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2441: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2426: 2424: 2414: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2393: 2384: 2380: 2377:This section 2375: 2372: 2368: 2367: 2359: 2358:to this day. 2356: 2352: 2350: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2310: 2300: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2280: 2279:Cairo airport 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2254: 2251: 2247: 2241: 2231: 2229: 2224: 2221:In 1999, the 2219: 2217: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2192: 2182: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2161: 2152: 2148: 2145:This section 2143: 2140: 2136: 2135: 2127: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2092: 2088: 2078: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2039:Moroccan Army 2032: 2028: 2027:Malika Oufkir 2023: 2018: 2014: 2004: 2002: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1982: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1963: 1958: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1916: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1901: 1899: 1895: 1884: 1875: 1871: 1868:This section 1866: 1863: 1859: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1836: 1834: 1823: 1814: 1810: 1807:This section 1805: 1802: 1798: 1797: 1789: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1772:In 2011, the 1770: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1754: 1751: 1747: 1741: 1737: 1727: 1725: 1724: 1723:habeas corpus 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1702: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1678: 1676: 1673:, or sent to 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1655:Night and Fog 1652: 1651: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1632: 1622: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1598: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1584: 1580: 1577:. Salvadoran 1576: 1572: 1562: 1559: 1554: 1552: 1549:In 2020, the 1547: 1543: 1541: 1536: 1526: 1524: 1513: 1504: 1500: 1497:This section 1495: 1492: 1488: 1487: 1479: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1403: 1393: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1380: 1376: 1373: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1359:Tenzin Gyatso 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1278:César Mendoza 1275: 1271: 1266: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1161:United States 1158: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1145:Carmelo Soria 1142: 1138: 1135:, the former 1134: 1130: 1125: 1123: 1122: 1117: 1113: 1110:setting up a 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1077: 1072: 1068: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 993:Latin America 990: 986: 985:Valech Report 981: 980:Rettig Report 976: 974: 970: 966: 962: 956: 952: 946: 936: 934: 930: 926: 921: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 891: 886: 881: 871: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 849: 843: 833: 830: 826: 822: 821:desaparecidos 818: 814: 810: 809:desaparecidos 805: 802: 798: 793: 791: 787: 783: 782:death flights 779: 774: 771: 766: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 732: 728: 720: 716: 711: 706: 702: 692: 690: 685: 683: 679: 674: 670: 666: 651: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 597: 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 544: 540: 531: 522: 520: 514: 511: 505: 503: 498: 496: 492: 488: 478: 475: 471: 466: 464: 459: 455: 445: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 422: 418: 414: 410: 407:In 1983, the 405: 403: 399: 395: 385: 382: 377: 375: 370: 365: 363: 359: 354: 351: 347: 344:In 1977, the 337: 333: 331: 327: 323: 319: 314: 311: 305: 301: 299: 294: 290: 289: 284: 280: 276: 273:known as the 269: 264: 262: 258: 236: 231: 229: 223: 219: 209: 207: 203: 199: 198:legal counsel 195: 191: 187: 184: 180: 174: 172: 166: 162: 160: 155: 151: 149: 148:Night and Fog 145: 141: 137: 127: 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 101: 96: 94: 89: 87: 83: 79: 75: 70: 66: 62: 54: 50: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 9955:reproductive 9850:Labor rights 9826:and cultural 9736:Right to die 9613:human rights 9611:Substantive 9573: 9499: 9490: 9471: 9465: 9455:28 September 9453:. Retrieved 9442: 9433: 9421:. Retrieved 9412: 9402: 9385: 9381: 9375: 9363:. Retrieved 9345: 9333:. Retrieved 9316: 9306: 9294:. Retrieved 9278:The Guardian 9277: 9242:. Retrieved 9235:the original 9214: 9202:. Retrieved 9190: 9180: 9168:. Retrieved 9149: 9137:. Retrieved 9126: 9117: 9105:. Retrieved 9094: 9085: 9073:. Retrieved 9053: 9041:. Retrieved 9021: 9009:. Retrieved 8989: 8977:. Retrieved 8966: 8957: 8945:. Retrieved 8936: 8927: 8915:. Retrieved 8904: 8894: 8882:. Retrieved 8873:Bangkok Post 8871: 8862: 8850:. Retrieved 8839: 8830: 8818:. Retrieved 8807: 8797: 8785:. Retrieved 8774: 8764: 8752:. Retrieved 8743: 8730: 8718:. Retrieved 8707: 8697: 8685:. Retrieved 8676: 8664: 8652:. Retrieved 8647:Bangkok Post 8645: 8636: 8624:. Retrieved 8613: 8603: 8591:. Retrieved 8582: 8572: 8560:. Retrieved 8551:Bangkok Post 8549: 8540: 8528:. Retrieved 8524:the original 8519: 8509: 8497:. Retrieved 8493:the original 8488: 8463:. Retrieved 8454:Bangkok Post 8452: 8442: 8430:. Retrieved 8426:the original 8421: 8410: 8398:. Retrieved 8387: 8378: 8366:. Retrieved 8355: 8346: 8334:. Retrieved 8325: 8315: 8303:. Retrieved 8294: 8284: 8272:. Retrieved 8261: 8251: 8239:. Retrieved 8225: 8213:. Retrieved 8204: 8195: 8183:. Retrieved 8179:the original 8174: 8165: 8153:. Retrieved 8142: 8132: 8120:. Retrieved 8111: 8102: 8090:. Retrieved 8079: 8069: 8057:. Retrieved 8046: 8037: 8025:. Retrieved 8021:the original 8016: 8007: 7995:. Retrieved 7991:the original 7986: 7977: 7965:. Retrieved 7954: 7945: 7925: 7918: 7906:. Retrieved 7893: 7883: 7871:. Retrieved 7862: 7852: 7840:. Retrieved 7828: 7816: 7804:. Retrieved 7795: 7786: 7774:. Retrieved 7763: 7754: 7738: 7732: 7720:. Retrieved 7711: 7701: 7689:. Retrieved 7680: 7656:. Retrieved 7647: 7637: 7625:. Retrieved 7616: 7606: 7594:. Retrieved 7585: 7562:. Retrieved 7551: 7541: 7529:. Retrieved 7520: 7511: 7499:. Retrieved 7488: 7479: 7467:. Retrieved 7458: 7448: 7436:. Retrieved 7427: 7417: 7405:. Retrieved 7396: 7387: 7375:. Retrieved 7366: 7357: 7345:. Retrieved 7336: 7327: 7315:. Retrieved 7306: 7297: 7285:. Retrieved 7276: 7267: 7243:. Retrieved 7228: 7221: 7209:. Retrieved 7195: 7183:. Retrieved 7169: 7157:. Retrieved 7153:the original 7143: 7131:. Retrieved 7127:the original 7117: 7105:. Retrieved 7094: 7084: 7072:. Retrieved 7061: 7052: 7040:. Retrieved 7029: 7020: 7008:. Retrieved 6997: 6972:. Retrieved 6961: 6952: 6940:. Retrieved 6931: 6921: 6909:. Retrieved 6891: 6879:. Retrieved 6875: 6866: 6854:. Retrieved 6850:the original 6843: 6833: 6821:. Retrieved 6812: 6802: 6790:. Retrieved 6779: 6770: 6758:. Retrieved 6749: 6740: 6728:. Retrieved 6714: 6702:. Retrieved 6691: 6682: 6670:. Retrieved 6659: 6650: 6638:. Retrieved 6634:the original 6624: 6612:. Retrieved 6594: 6582:. Retrieved 6571: 6561: 6536: 6527: 6515:. Retrieved 6504: 6494: 6482:. Retrieved 6474:The Guardian 6473: 6463: 6451:. Retrieved 6442: 6432: 6388: 6379: 6367:. Retrieved 6356: 6346: 6334:. Retrieved 6315: 6305: 6293:. Retrieved 6282: 6273: 6261:. Retrieved 6250: 6241: 6220: 6209: 6197:. Retrieved 6188: 6164:. Retrieved 6153: 6129:. Retrieved 6120: 6111: 6099:. Retrieved 6087: 6075: 6063:. Retrieved 6054: 6045: 6033:. Retrieved 6013: 6001:. Retrieved 5990: 5966:. Retrieved 5962:the original 5952: 5940:. Retrieved 5929: 5919: 5907:. Retrieved 5896: 5886: 5874:. Retrieved 5863: 5853: 5841:. Retrieved 5837: 5827: 5815:. Retrieved 5811: 5801: 5789:. Retrieved 5785:the original 5778: 5769: 5757:. Retrieved 5747: 5735:. Retrieved 5723: 5713: 5701:. Retrieved 5697: 5687: 5667: 5660: 5649:, retrieved 5635: 5625: 5613:. Retrieved 5599: 5587:. Retrieved 5578: 5569: 5557:. Retrieved 5548:The Guardian 5546: 5537: 5518: 5513: 5501:. Retrieved 5490: 5481: 5469:. Retrieved 5460: 5451: 5439:. Retrieved 5428: 5419: 5407:. Retrieved 5396: 5387: 5375:. Retrieved 5351: 5345: 5339:(in Spanish) 5332: 5317: 5294: 5282:. Retrieved 5255: 5245: 5233:. Retrieved 5222: 5212: 5192: 5171:. Retrieved 5160: 5150: 5140:21 September 5138:. Retrieved 5134:the original 5127: 5118: 5106:. Retrieved 5095: 5086: 5074:. Retrieved 5064:. New York: 5056: 5044:. Retrieved 5035: 5011:. Retrieved 5000: 4990: 4978:. Retrieved 4967: 4957: 4945:. Retrieved 4933: 4921: 4909:. Retrieved 4898: 4873:. Retrieved 4862: 4852: 4840:. Retrieved 4833:the original 4828: 4816: 4804:. Retrieved 4784: 4767: 4755:. Retrieved 4751:the original 4741: 4731: 4719:. Retrieved 4708: 4698: 4686:. Retrieved 4669:The Guardian 4667: 4657: 4645:. Retrieved 4631: 4619:. Retrieved 4600: 4588:. Retrieved 4577: 4567: 4550: 4546: 4540: 4515: 4511: 4491: 4485: 4473:. Retrieved 4455: 4443:. Retrieved 4433: 4426: 4414:. Retrieved 4410: 4401: 4389:. Retrieved 4368: 4356:. Retrieved 4342: 4330:. Retrieved 4321: 4312: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4279: 4270: 4261: 4252: 4243: 4234: 4225: 4216: 4206: 4197: 4188: 4179: 4170: 4161: 4152: 4143: 4133: 4121: 4115: 4106: 4097: 4088: 4079: 4070: 4060: 4051: 4039:. Retrieved 4035: 4026: 4014:. Retrieved 4005: 3996: 3979: 3975: 3969: 3957:. Retrieved 3953: 3944: 3932:. Retrieved 3922: 3902: 3891: 3703: 3656: 3651: 3620: 3603: 3545: 3533: 3520: 3516:adding to it 3511: 3485:detentions. 3475: 3444:The Guardian 3442: 3436: 3418: 3407: 3380: 3365: 3353: 3349: 3322: 3302: 3290: 3283: 3276: 3260: 3237: 3210: 3205: 3186: 3180:Bangkok Post 3178: 3176: 3145: 3134: 3123: 3108: 3099: 3083: 3056: 3046: 3035: 3033: 3022: 3018: 3003: 2994: 2978: 2766:Gran Canaria 2664: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2648: 2634: 2623: 2600: 2550:Kim Dae-jung 2535: 2531: 2523: 2496: 2457:Bakhchysarai 2442: 2427: 2420: 2400: 2387: 2383:adding to it 2378: 2353: 2346: 2327: 2289:Palestinians 2283: 2260: 2243: 2220: 2213: 2209:the Troubles 2203:, and other 2194: 2168: 2155: 2151:adding to it 2146: 2109: 2094: 2036: 1998: 1983: 1968: 1937:Baháʼí Faith 1922: 1902: 1891: 1878: 1874:adding to it 1869: 1830: 1817: 1813:adding to it 1808: 1771: 1743: 1721: 1690: 1654: 1648: 1641:Nazi Germany 1637:World War II 1634: 1604: 1593: 1588: 1568: 1555: 1548: 1544: 1532: 1520: 1507: 1503:adding to it 1498: 1460: 1448:Lam Wing-kei 1436: 1408:dual citizen 1405: 1385:Gao Zhisheng 1383: 1351:Panchen Lama 1340: 1337:Lee Ming-che 1306: 1289: 1267: 1165:assassinated 1141:Buenos Aires 1126: 1119: 1100:Buenos Aires 1092:Carlos Prats 1081: 1057:Paul Schäfer 1017: 977: 958: 922: 895: 848:Awami League 845: 820: 812: 811:was used by 808: 806: 794: 789: 785: 775: 767: 755:Buenos Aires 724: 721:in Argentina 715:Buenos Aires 686: 662: 574:(2,661) and 545: 541: 537: 528: 515: 506: 499: 494: 486: 484: 467: 451: 406: 391: 378: 366: 355: 343: 334: 315: 307: 303: 293:Nazi Germany 286: 271: 266: 254: 233: 225: 218:Rome Statute 175: 167: 163: 156: 152: 133: 122:adopted the 100:Rome Statute 97: 90: 64: 60: 58: 40: 10141:South Korea 10131:Philippines 10121:North Korea 10081:El Salvador 9983:LGBT rights 9716:Nationality 9706:LGBT rights 9075:10 February 8947:15 November 8432:25 November 8241:30 December 8144:elDiario.es 7564:14 December 7501:28 November 7074:21 February 6911:27 November 6856:30 December 6730:30 December 6672:30 December 6640:30 December 6614:30 December 6584:15 December 5968:30 December 5173:13 February 5036:The New Age 4911:11 December 4553:: 162–184. 4475:30 December 4416:23 February 4041:14 February 3959:22 December 3934:22 December 3843:South Korea 3833:Philippines 3823:North Korea 3783:El Salvador 3622:Gukurahundi 3584:Black sites 3578:Black jails 3523:August 2021 3297:counterfeit 3244:Thai Muslim 3207:Haji Sulong 3141:Tal Mallohi 3043:Tamil Tiger 2997:August 2021 2896:Extremadura 2890:data: 8,650 2790:Ciudad Real 2630:mass graves 2567:syndicate. 2501:during the 2471:South Korea 2401:During the 2303:Philippines 2175:South Korea 2171:North Korea 2130:North Korea 1565:El Salvador 1302:burnt alive 1282:gendarmerie 1243:Edward Koch 1204:neo-fascist 1191:politician 1121:El Mercurio 663:During the 596:Philippines 572:El Salvador 421:Tegucigalpa 179:fundamental 51:during the 18:Disappeared 10236:Euphemisms 10216:Kidnapping 10185:Categories 10051:Bangladesh 10037:by country 9721:Personhood 9365:1 February 9351:Foro Penal 8809:Al Jazeera 8754:2 February 8720:26 January 8687:25 January 8654:25 January 8562:5 December 8530:5 December 8499:5 December 8489:The Nation 8185:27 January 8112:undocs.org 7873:26 January 7842:26 January 7407:4 December 7377:4 December 7347:4 December 7317:4 December 7287:4 December 7245:4 December 6901:Afrol News 6881:7 February 6750:PBI Mexico 6336:14 January 5559:29 October 5503:29 October 5471:29 October 5441:29 October 5409:29 October 5108:8 December 5076:8 December 5046:8 December 5013:8 December 4980:8 December 4947:8 December 4875:8 December 4864:Al Jazeera 4842:8 December 4777:"Page A-8" 4757:13 January 4647:9 December 4065:1946-1948. 3884:References 3753:Bangladesh 3571:Argentine 3478:Foro Penal 3460:black site 3432:Jed Rakoff 3398:See also: 3171:See also: 3102:March 2023 2836:Valladolid 2806:: 12,979 ( 2756:Formentera 2714:: 10,178 ( 2676:: 32,289 ( 2615:kidnapping 2575:See also: 2475:See also: 2443:Since the 2390:March 2023 2158:March 2023 2085:See also: 1955:See also: 1881:April 2008 1820:March 2023 1786:insurgency 1767:cremations 1734:See also: 1663:resistance 1510:March 2023 1472:Article 27 1444:Gui Minhai 1400:See also: 1375:Xi Jinping 1355:Dalai Lama 1327:See also: 1313:Valparaíso 1236:Costa Rica 1206:terrorist 1185:Letelier's 1157:ambassador 1020:democratic 852:Bangladesh 836:Bangladesh 829:classified 739:dissidents 648:East Timor 646:(155) and 554:(12,226), 550:(16,544), 519:Kofi Annan 402:Montevideo 10151:Sri Lanka 10091:Guatemala 10046:Argentina 9701:Legal aid 9325:0362-4331 9286:0261-3077 9011:4 January 8917:22 August 8841:Prachatai 8740:(Opinion) 8155:30 August 7469:7 October 6872:"Accueil" 6781:BBC Mundo 6443:The Hindu 6101:29 August 5909:8 January 5732:0362-4331 5398:Frontline 5334:La Nación 4678:0261-3077 4611:BBC Mundo 4532:1541-6151 4391:24 August 4322:ohchr.org 3853:Sri Lanka 3793:Guatemala 3748:Argentina 3573:Dirty War 3466:Venezuela 3388:espionage 3341:Yakay-Der 3199:activist 3161:civilians 3047:The Times 3041:over the 3037:The Times 2954:Sri Lanka 2878:Guipúzcoa 2872:: 9,459 ( 2862:: 1,303, 2860:Castellón 2854:: 4,345 ( 2846:Catalonia 2838:: 2,555, 2824:Salamanca 2822:: 1,180, 2818:: 1,250, 2814:: 4,800, 2792:: 1,694, 2788:: 1,026, 2784:: 7,067 ( 2776:Cantabria 2746:: 1,486, 2742:: 1,777 ( 2732:: 1,246 ( 2722:: 1,338, 2718:: 2,061, 2704:: 7,797, 2700:: 3,253, 2696:: 3,805, 2692:: 5,048, 2688:: 7,091, 2684:: 1,665, 2674:Andalusia 2507:Korea War 2075:Pablo Ruz 2047:Tazmamart 2043:Hassan II 1971:Dirty War 1792:Indonesia 1692:Guatemala 1681:Guatemala 1468:Basic Law 1432:Cantonese 1420:caller ID 1412:Hong Kong 1396:Hong Kong 1272:of three 1247:Uruguayan 1104:Argentina 1013:communism 860:Ilyas Ali 807:The term 731:Dirty War 727:Argentina 719:1976 coup 701:Dirty War 695:Argentina 632:Nicaragua 608:Indonesia 570:(2,939), 566:(3,009), 562:(3,155), 560:Guatemala 558:(3,449), 556:Argentina 552:Sri Lanka 434:Guatemala 374:Argentina 275:Red Cross 10161:Thailand 10126:Pakistan 10071:Colombia 9963:Abortion 9801:Suffrage 9558:Archived 9534:Archived 9449:Archived 9417:Archived 9413:Refworld 9359:Archived 9329:Archived 9290:Archived 9204:11 April 9198:Archived 9170:11 April 9164:Archived 9133:Archived 9101:Archived 9066:Archived 9034:Archived 9002:Archived 8973:Archived 8941:Archived 8911:Archived 8878:Archived 8846:Archived 8814:Archived 8781:Archived 8748:Archived 8714:Archived 8681:Archived 8620:Archived 8587:Archived 8556:Archived 8459:Archived 8400:30 March 8394:Archived 8368:30 March 8362:Archived 8357:BBC News 8330:Archived 8305:30 March 8299:Archived 8274:30 March 8268:Archived 8263:BBC News 8235:Archived 8215:30 March 8209:Archived 8205:BBC News 8171:"Report" 8149:Archived 8116:Archived 8086:Archived 8081:El Mundo 8053:Archived 8027:22 March 7997:22 March 7961:Archived 7902:Archived 7867:Archived 7833:Archived 7800:Archived 7796:iwpr.net 7770:Archived 7765:BBC News 7743:Archived 7716:Archived 7685:Archived 7652:Archived 7621:Archived 7617:The Post 7590:Archived 7558:Archived 7525:Archived 7495:Archived 7463:Archived 7438:6 August 7432:Archived 7401:Archived 7397:BBC News 7371:Archived 7367:BBC News 7341:Archived 7337:BBC News 7311:Archived 7307:BBC News 7281:Archived 7277:BBC News 7205:Archived 7179:Archived 7101:Archived 7068:Archived 7036:Archived 7004:Archived 6968:Archived 6936:Archived 6905:Archived 6817:Archived 6786:Archived 6754:Archived 6724:Archived 6698:Archived 6693:BBC News 6666:Archived 6661:BBC News 6608:Archived 6578:Archived 6535:(2020). 6511:Archived 6478:Archived 6447:Archived 6421:Archived 6396:Archived 6363:Archived 6330:Archived 6289:Archived 6257:Archived 6228:Archived 6193:Archived 6160:Archived 6125:Archived 6092:Archived 6059:Archived 6051:"Belady" 6026:Archived 5997:Archived 5936:Archived 5903:Archived 5898:BBC News 5870:Archived 5843:2 August 5817:2 August 5791:2 August 5780:Fox News 5759:2 August 5737:2 August 5703:2 August 5651:25 March 5609:Archived 5583:Archived 5553:Archived 5497:Archived 5465:Archived 5435:Archived 5403:Archived 5377:10 March 5371:Archived 5359:. 2006. 5325:Archived 5302:Archived 5278:Archived 5274:60373757 5229:Archived 5167:Archived 5102:Archived 5070:Archived 5040:Archived 5007:Archived 4974:Archived 4938:Archived 4905:Archived 4869:Archived 4797:Archived 4715:Archived 4710:BBC News 4682:Archived 4641:Archived 4621:13 April 4615:Archived 4590:17 April 4584:Archived 4518:(6): 6. 4469:Archived 4439:Archived 4382:Archived 4352:Archived 4326:Archived 4301:Archived 4293:Le Monde 4126:Archived 4010:Archived 3900:(2005). 3863:Thailand 3828:Pakistan 3773:Colombia 3674:Salt Pit 3555:See also 3256:Thailand 3167:Thailand 2908:La Rioja 2898:: 10,266 2866:: 2,300) 2864:Valencia 2856:Alicante 2842:: 1,237) 2820:Palencia 2800:: 3,970) 2786:Albacete 2770:Tenerife 2744:Mallorca 2736:: 1,246) 2730:Asturias 2726:: 6,779) 2724:Zaragoza 2708:: 3,257) 2560:and the 2423:Chechnya 2234:Pakistan 2101:Tatmadaw 2037:Several 1990:drug war 1750:Benetech 1611:refugees 1482:Colombia 1452:Thailand 1428:Mandarin 1424:Shenzhen 1414:and the 1173:car bomb 1096:car bomb 1009:Pinochet 813:de facto 759:basement 745:such as 687:In 2005 654:Examples 600:Honduras 592:Ethiopia 576:Colombia 430:Colombia 320:and the 238:— 82:tortured 78:detained 74:abducted 10116:Myanmar 10086:Germany 10056:Belarus 9711:Liberty 9335:20 June 9296:4 March 9043:3 March 8979:6 March 8884:10 June 8776:Khaosod 8709:Khaosod 8626:6 March 8465:6 March 8422:Reuters 8122:19 June 8048:El País 7967:31 July 7627:7 March 7596:7 March 7490:Reuters 7042:3 March 7010:3 March 6974:3 March 6823:6 March 6792:6 March 6295:6 March 6263:6 March 6199:4 March 6166:6 March 6131:8 March 5942:6 March 5615:24 July 5589:24 July 5235:6 March 4747:CONADEP 4688:6 March 4445:6 March 4358:7 March 4135:El País 4016:17 July 3988:1427062 3982:: 171. 3818:Myanmar 3788:Germany 3758:Belarus 3580:(China) 3453:Chicago 3447:on the 3362:Ukraine 3325:Kurdish 3293:Vietnam 3267:Fai Yen 2936:Melilla 2928:: 3,431 2926:Navarra 2916:: 2,995 2910:: 2,007 2904:: 4,396 2902:Galicia 2884:: 369) 2882:Vizcaya 2880:: 340, 2876:: 100, 2858:: 742, 2848:: 2,400 2834:: 287, 2830:: 370, 2828:Segovia 2826:: 650, 2810:: 650, 2796:: 377, 2768:: 200, 2764:: 262 ( 2752:Eivissa 2750:: 106, 2748:Menorca 2706:Sevilla 2690:Granada 2686:Córdoba 2680:: 373, 2678:Almería 2595:Estépar 2562:Toa-kai 2540:or the 2491:Daejeon 2411:Romania 2362:Romania 2081:Myanmar 1981:alone. 1905:Baghdad 1778:Kashmir 1645:Gestapo 1635:During 1625:Germany 1619:torture 1263:Uruguay 1201:Italian 1159:to the 874:Belarus 854:by the 825:CONADEP 725:During 659:Algeria 650:(504). 638:(478), 634:(234), 630:(672), 626:(392), 622:(268), 620:Morocco 618:(320), 616:Lebanon 614:(532), 610:(165), 606:(430), 602:(207), 598:(780), 594:(119), 590:(114), 586:(116), 582:(907), 568:Algeria 442:Bolivia 398:Uruguay 200:and to 102:of the 10166:Turkey 10136:Russia 10111:Mexico 9950:Sexual 9478: 9423:23 May 9323: 9284: 9244:15 May 9220:OARDEC 8852:17 May 8820:15 May 8787:15 May 8593:2 June 8336:23 May 8092:21 May 8059:21 May 7933: 7908:23 May 7806:23 May 7236: 7107:21 May 7063:CBC.ca 6942:23 May 6760:2 July 6549: 6517:21 May 6484:21 May 6453:21 May 6369:9 June 6322: 6065:31 May 6035:31 May 6003:31 May 5876:21 May 5730: 5675: 5642: 5525: 5363: 5284:9 June 5272: 5262: 5199: 4806:9 June 4721:24 May 4676: 4530: 4332:16 May 3986: 3910: 3868:Turkey 3838:Russia 3813:Mexico 3343:, the 3319:Turkey 3223:. The 3217:Patani 2920:Murcia 2914:Madrid 2840:Zamora 2812:Burgos 2798:Toledo 2794:Cuenca 2758:: 185) 2720:Teruel 2716:Huesca 2712:Aragón 2702:Málaga 2694:Huelva 2565:yakuza 2417:Russia 2199:, the 2124:UNICEF 2055:France 1951:Mexico 1851:, and 1746:Punjab 1389:Xinhua 1335:, and 1253:, the 1061:Parral 1005:Panama 890:Warsaw 680:under 624:Mexico 440:, and 281:, the 10156:Syria 10146:Spain 10096:India 10076:Egypt 10066:China 9238:(PDF) 9227:(PDF) 9139:8 May 9107:8 May 9069:(PDF) 9062:(PDF) 9037:(PDF) 9030:(PDF) 9005:(PDF) 8998:(PDF) 7987:Elche 7956:OHCHR 7836:(PDF) 7825:(PDF) 7776:8 May 7722:9 May 7691:9 May 7658:9 May 7531:9 May 7211:3 May 7185:3 May 7159:3 May 7133:3 May 6704:2 May 6235:UNHCR 6095:(PDF) 6084:(PDF) 6029:(PDF) 6022:(PDF) 4941:(PDF) 4930:(PDF) 4836:(PDF) 4825:(PDF) 4800:(PDF) 4789:(PDF) 4780:(PDF) 4549:. 1. 4385:(PDF) 4378:(PDF) 4211:2000. 3858:Syria 3848:Spain 3798:India 3778:Egypt 3768:China 3197:Karen 3065:Syria 2932:Ceuta 2922:: 855 2874:Álava 2832:Soria 2808:Ávila 2778:: 850 2772:: 62) 2734:Gijón 2682:Cádiz 2593:near 2571:Spain 2515:taboo 2293:Cairo 2285:Hamas 2277:, to 2275:Rafah 2271:Egypt 2267:Sinai 2263:Hamas 2179:Japan 2071:Smara 1730:India 1615:Benin 1529:Egypt 1430:(not 1422:from 1323:China 1300:were 1290:junta 1171:by a 1149:CEPAL 991:. In 939:Chile 644:Yemen 640:Sudan 628:Nepal 604:India 588:Congo 584:China 580:Chile 362:Chile 196:, to 114:, in 69:state 10106:Iraq 10101:Iran 9476:ISBN 9457:2020 9425:2023 9367:2020 9337:2020 9321:ISSN 9298:2023 9282:ISSN 9246:2006 9206:2015 9172:2015 9141:2013 9109:2013 9077:2018 9045:2015 9013:2019 8981:2023 8949:2018 8919:2020 8886:2020 8854:2020 8822:2019 8789:2019 8756:2019 8722:2019 8689:2019 8656:2019 8628:2023 8595:2019 8564:2018 8532:2018 8501:2018 8467:2023 8434:2015 8402:2017 8370:2017 8338:2023 8307:2010 8276:2010 8243:2010 8217:2010 8187:2015 8157:2017 8124:2019 8094:2016 8061:2016 8029:2015 7999:2015 7969:2014 7931:ISBN 7910:2011 7875:2020 7844:2020 7808:2023 7778:2009 7724:2019 7693:2019 7660:2019 7629:2022 7598:2022 7566:2019 7533:2019 7503:2015 7471:2023 7440:2018 7409:2010 7379:2010 7349:2010 7319:2010 7289:2010 7247:2010 7234:ISBN 7213:2014 7187:2014 7161:2014 7135:2014 7109:2016 7076:2014 7044:2023 7012:2023 6976:2023 6944:2021 6913:2010 6883:2007 6858:2010 6825:2023 6794:2023 6762:2020 6732:2010 6706:2010 6674:2010 6642:2010 6616:2010 6586:2019 6547:ISBN 6519:2016 6486:2016 6455:2016 6371:2013 6338:2014 6320:ISBN 6297:2023 6265:2023 6201:2021 6168:2023 6133:2021 6103:2020 6067:2018 6037:2018 6005:2018 5970:2010 5944:2023 5911:2016 5878:2016 5865:Time 5845:2024 5819:2024 5793:2024 5761:2024 5739:2024 5728:ISSN 5705:2024 5673:ISBN 5653:2024 5640:ISBN 5617:2023 5591:2023 5561:2019 5523:ISBN 5505:2019 5473:2019 5443:2019 5411:2019 5379:2010 5361:ISBN 5286:2014 5270:OCLC 5260:ISBN 5237:2023 5197:ISBN 5175:2020 5142:2017 5110:2015 5078:2015 5048:2015 5015:2015 4982:2015 4949:2015 4913:2016 4877:2015 4844:2015 4808:2014 4759:2011 4723:2021 4690:2023 4674:ISSN 4649:2013 4623:2013 4592:2013 4528:ISSN 4477:2010 4447:2023 4418:2024 4393:2022 4360:2023 4334:2017 4043:2024 4018:2019 3984:SSRN 3961:2023 3936:2023 3908:ISBN 3808:Iraq 3803:Iran 3480:and 3419:The 3402:and 3225:Thai 3219:and 3212:Jawi 2816:León 2754:and 2698:Jaén 2601:The 2579:and 2479:and 2461:CCTV 2428:The 2311:and 2214:The 2177:and 2089:and 2015:and 1986:CNDH 1919:Iran 1913:Iraq 1839:Iraq 1738:and 1379:rule 1284:the 1197:Rome 1108:DINA 1065:DINA 1053:Nazi 978:The 953:and 900:and 799:and 780:in " 768:The 733:and 703:and 612:Iran 564:Peru 548:Iraq 491:Peru 438:Peru 392:The 220:and 157:The 63:(or 34:and 9952:and 9390:doi 5492:BBC 5310:BBC 4555:doi 4520:doi 3518:. 3457:CIA 3451:in 3329:PKK 3231:by 3052:CNN 2405:of 2385:. 2223:IRA 2169:In 2153:. 1876:. 1815:. 1665:in 1540:NSA 1505:. 1410:of 1377:'s 1232:MIR 1098:in 1059:in 792:). 784:" ( 729:'s 144:OAS 134:In 59:An 10187:: 9441:. 9415:. 9411:. 9386:14 9384:. 9327:. 9319:. 9315:. 9288:. 9280:. 9276:. 9264:^ 9229:. 9222:. 9193:. 9189:. 9162:. 9158:. 9125:. 9093:. 8965:. 8935:. 8909:. 8903:. 8870:. 8838:. 8812:. 8806:. 8779:. 8773:. 8746:. 8742:. 8712:. 8706:. 8679:. 8675:. 8644:. 8618:. 8612:. 8585:. 8581:. 8548:. 8518:. 8487:. 8475:^ 8457:. 8451:. 8420:. 8386:. 8354:. 8328:. 8324:. 8297:. 8293:. 8266:. 8260:. 8203:. 8173:. 8141:. 8114:. 8110:. 8078:. 8045:. 8015:. 7985:. 7953:. 7900:. 7896:. 7892:. 7865:. 7861:. 7827:. 7798:. 7794:. 7762:. 7714:. 7710:. 7679:. 7668:^ 7650:. 7646:. 7619:. 7615:. 7574:^ 7556:. 7550:. 7519:. 7487:. 7461:. 7457:. 7430:. 7426:. 7395:. 7365:. 7335:. 7305:. 7275:. 7255:^ 7203:. 7099:. 7093:. 7060:. 7028:. 7002:. 6996:. 6984:^ 6960:. 6899:. 6874:. 6842:. 6811:. 6778:. 6752:. 6748:. 6690:. 6658:. 6602:. 6576:. 6570:. 6541:. 6509:. 6503:. 6476:. 6472:. 6445:. 6441:. 6407:^ 6361:. 6355:. 6328:. 6281:. 6249:. 6187:. 6176:^ 6152:. 6141:^ 6123:. 6119:. 6090:. 6086:. 6057:. 6053:. 5995:. 5989:. 5978:^ 5934:. 5928:. 5901:. 5895:. 5868:. 5862:. 5836:. 5810:. 5777:. 5726:. 5722:. 5696:. 5634:, 5607:. 5577:. 5545:. 5489:. 5463:. 5459:. 5427:. 5401:. 5395:. 5369:. 5355:. 5331:, 5308:, 5276:. 5268:. 5227:. 5221:. 5183:^ 5165:. 5159:. 5126:. 5094:. 5034:. 5023:^ 5005:. 4999:. 4972:. 4966:. 4932:. 4903:. 4897:. 4885:^ 4867:. 4861:. 4827:. 4795:. 4782:. 4739:. 4713:. 4707:. 4680:. 4672:. 4666:. 4613:. 4609:. 4582:. 4576:. 4551:14 4526:. 4516:46 4514:. 4500:^ 4463:. 4409:. 4380:. 4320:. 4132:. 4034:. 4008:. 4004:. 3980:35 3978:. 3952:. 3538:. 3315:. 3258:. 3195:, 3157:UN 3031:. 2934:, 2632:. 2447:, 2281:. 2269:, 2211:. 2107:. 2099:, 2003:. 1947:. 1915:. 1900:. 1847:, 1835:. 1639:, 1478:. 1357:, 1331:, 1222:; 1177:US 1124:. 1102:, 1033:US 1027:. 1015:. 1007:. 765:. 642:, 444:. 432:, 126:. 10027:e 10020:t 10013:v 9604:e 9597:t 9590:v 9568:" 9484:. 9459:. 9427:. 9396:. 9392:: 9369:. 9339:. 9300:. 9248:. 9208:. 9174:. 9143:. 9111:. 9079:. 9047:. 9015:. 8983:. 8951:. 8921:. 8888:. 8856:. 8824:. 8791:. 8758:. 8724:. 8691:. 8658:. 8630:. 8597:. 8566:. 8534:. 8503:. 8469:. 8436:. 8404:. 8372:. 8340:. 8309:. 8278:. 8245:. 8219:. 8189:. 8159:. 8126:. 8096:. 8063:. 8031:. 8001:. 7971:. 7939:. 7912:. 7877:. 7846:. 7810:. 7780:. 7726:. 7695:. 7662:. 7631:. 7600:. 7568:. 7535:. 7505:. 7473:. 7442:. 7411:. 7381:. 7351:. 7321:. 7291:. 7249:. 7215:. 7189:. 7163:. 7137:. 7111:. 7078:. 7046:. 7014:. 6978:. 6946:. 6915:. 6885:. 6860:. 6827:. 6796:. 6764:. 6734:. 6708:. 6676:. 6644:. 6618:. 6588:. 6555:. 6521:. 6488:. 6457:. 6373:. 6340:. 6299:. 6267:. 6203:. 6170:. 6135:. 6105:. 6069:. 6039:. 6007:. 5972:. 5946:. 5913:. 5880:. 5847:. 5821:. 5795:. 5763:. 5741:. 5707:. 5681:. 5619:. 5593:. 5563:. 5531:. 5507:. 5475:. 5445:. 5413:. 5381:. 5288:. 5239:. 5205:. 5177:. 5144:. 5112:. 5080:. 5050:. 5017:. 4984:. 4951:. 4915:. 4879:. 4846:. 4810:. 4761:. 4725:. 4692:. 4651:. 4625:. 4594:. 4561:. 4557:: 4534:. 4522:: 4479:. 4449:. 4420:. 4395:. 4362:. 4336:. 4045:. 4020:. 3990:. 3963:. 3938:. 3916:. 3730:e 3723:t 3716:v 3525:) 3521:( 3115:) 3109:( 3104:) 3100:( 3090:. 3010:) 3004:( 2999:) 2995:( 2985:. 2392:) 2388:( 2160:) 2156:( 1883:) 1879:( 1822:) 1818:( 1653:( 1512:) 1508:( 55:. 38:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index