20:
738:
658:. There are eight courts operating in separate districts, the District Court of Reykjavík, the District Court of Reykjanes, the District Court of Western Iceland, the District Court of the Westfjords, the District Court of Northwest Iceland, the District Court of Northeast Iceland, the District Court of East Iceland and the District Court of South Iceland. The courts handle all cases in their first instance. Subject to conditions, cases can be appealed to a higher court, ultimately the
66:
300:
1 million or, where the claims are for recovery of land, the annual rent or rateable value does not exceed HK$ 240,000. In its criminal jurisdiction, the court may try the more serious cases, with the main exceptions of murder, manslaughter and rape. The maximum term of imprisonment it may impose is
243:
is the name given to the intermediate court in most
Australian states. They hear indictable (serious) criminal offences excluding treason, murder and, in some states, manslaughter. Their civil jurisdiction is also intermediate, typically being for civil disputes where the amount claimed is greater
777:
was used for courts already in 17th century Sweden, but was later discontinued. It's the court of first instance; dealing with criminal cases, some civil law disputes and a number of non-contentious matters. Private cases against decisions by the public authorities are generally handled by the
371:
serve both as the appellate courts and also as the court of first instance for some cases (e.g. real estate or IP). In criminal matters, they try cases where the accused faces a penalty of at least seven years imprisonment. As of 2007, there are six district courts:
605:. Each court is headed by the Chief Judge and other District Judges. In certain cases, the district court may also have lay judges. The cases are handled and resolved either in a session or in chambers. In simple cases decisions can be made by notaries.
453:
The
District Court of New Zealand deals with all criminal matters other than murder, manslaughter and specified offences such as treason. The court can also hear civil claims up to $ 350,000. District courts were called magistrates' courts until 1980.
911:
918:. Responsibility for the courts was transferred from the local authorities in a rolling programme of court unification which concluded in February 2010. District courts were replaced by JP courts in sheriffdoms as follows:
277:
The
District Courts are courts of first instance for civil matters (except those which are dealt with by special courts) and criminal cases involving prison sentences of five years of less. There are six such courts.
301:
seven years. There are one Chief
District Judge and 30 District Judges, among which three district judges sit in the Family Court and two district judges sit in the Lands Tribunal as Presiding Officers.
353:
are part of public courts for all cases non-related to religion, constitutions or military matters. The decisions of guilt or innocence are made by a panel of three judges led by a chair judge.
296:, established in 1953, has limited jurisdiction in both civil and criminal matters. With effect from 1 December 2003, it has civil jurisdiction to hear monetary claims up to
773:("thing"), the ancient term for governing assemblies in these and other Nordic and Germanic countries, where disputes would be brought up to be settled. The specific term
244:
than a $ 75 000 but less than $ 750 000. The limits vary between
Australian states. In Victoria, the equivalent court is called the County Court. Below them are the
549:
is divided between two district because of its size. Before 2007, when the number of municipalities was reduced from 271 to 98, there were 82 district courts.
1129:
1176:"Criminal Justice Directorate Circular No: JD/5/2008: The Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007 (Commencement No. 4) Order 2008"
1010:
1191:"Criminal Justice Directorate Circular JD/9/2008 The Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007 (Commencement No. 5) Order 2008"
819:
in other parts of the country. Later reforms have substantially reduced the number of these courts from around 100 to currently (2014) 48.
763:); Tingsrätt is also used to describe such courts in Finland and Norway. While relatively recent creations in their current form, the term
589:
has 27 district courts, which deal with criminal cases, civil cases and petitionary matters. Since
December 1, 1993 these have been called
142:
of different states and/or countries). There are 89 federal districts in the 50 states. United States district courts also exist in
1133:
1161:"Circular JD/1/2008: The Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007 (Commencement No. 3 and Savings) Order 2008"
991:
889:
1245:
235:
963:
579:
167:
1227:
The
Justice of the Peace Courts (Sheriffdom of South Strathclyde, Dumfries and Galloway) etc. Order 2009 SSI 2009/332
1206:"JD Circular No. JD/2/2009 The Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform)(Scotland) Act 2007 (Commencement No. 6) Order 2008"
182:
105:
680:
criminal trials (minor offences tried by a judge alone where the maximum penalty is 12 months on indictment in the
439:
on
Hokkaido. They are the first court level for most civil and criminal cases. Most cases are held with one judge.
162:. In total, there are 94 U.S. district courts. Decisions from these courts are subject to review by one of the 13
41:
These courts generally work under a higher court which exercises control over the lower court and supervises it.
38:
which exists in several nations, some call them "small case court" usually as the lowest level of the hierarchy.
83:
1092:
163:
134:(trials and cases interpreting the Constitution, Federal law, or which involve federal statutes or crimes) and
87:
448:
344:
131:
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869:(lay magistrates) who sat alone or in threes with a qualified legal assessor as convener or clerk of court.
862:
676:
The
District Court in Ireland was established in 1924. The court handles civil claims of up to €15,000 and
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and could not impose a fine in excess of £2,500 or sentence an offender to more than 60 days in
942:
915:
135:
1218:
The
Justice of the Peace Courts (Sheriffdom of North Strathclyde) etc. Order 2009 SSI 2009/331
541:, literally meaning "town court"). Each district court serves one or more of the country's 98
432:
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248:, known as the Local Court in New South Wales. Above them are the state supreme courts.
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138:(cases otherwise subject to jurisdiction in a state trial court but which are between
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217:, and those in Alaska, New York, and Kentucky, to name a few, are courts of
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level. These courts are under administrative and judicial control of the
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level. These courts are under administrative and judicial control of the
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90: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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District courts were introduced in 1975 as replacement for the
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District courts in Scotland were abolished and replaced with
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35:
504:
has some 200 district, or local, courts, which decide minor
297:
155:
1012:
Indonesian Trial Process and Legal System Background Notes
929:
Sheriffdom of Grampian, Highlands and Islands, 2 June 2008
935:
Sheriffdom of Tayside, Central and Fife, 23 February 2009
903:. In practice, most offences were dealt with by a fine.
397:
706:
was introduced in 2002, and replaced the previous terms
236:
Judiciary of Australia § Australian court hierarchy
932:
Sheriffdom of Glasgow and Strathkelvin, 8 December 2008
914:. The justice of the peace courts are managed by the
912:
Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007
684:
and the granting of licences for the sale of alcohol.
654:
The district courts are the lowest judicial level in
130:. The federal district courts have jurisdiction over
938:Sheriffdom of North Strathclyde, 14 December 2009
822:Appeals against a district court are made to the
1257:
166:, which are, in turn, subject to review by the
702:deals with criminal and civil cases. The term
423:has 50 district courts, one in each of the 47
804:, replacing the previous distinction between
1251:United States District Courts in each state
1062:The Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet
790:), depending on the authority in question.
628:), which are superior to the local courts (
476:. They administer justice in Pakistan at a
427:' capitals, and one in the three cities of
345:Judiciary of Indonesia § Public courts
213:controversies, and many civil matters. The
1038:"New District Court Opens: Central Region"
650:Politics of Iceland § Judicial branch
363:Judiciary of Israel § District courts
273:Judiciary of Cyprus § District Courts
1082:Criminal Procedure Act 1947 (NZ) ss 73-74
755:In Sweden, there are 48 district courts (
533:, each being served by a district court (
488:to which the district concerned belongs.
335:to which the district concerned belongs.
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
736:
634:) and below the higher regional courts (
323:. They administer justice in India at a
18:
1122:
1258:
1203:
1188:
1173:
1158:
1134:Swedish National Courts Administration
966:. District Court of Western Australia.
416:Judicial system of Japan § Courts
714:as designations for district courts.
890:Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982
88:adding citations to reliable sources
59:
1204:Bonnar, Gerard (10 February 2009).
1189:Bonnar, Gerard (24 November 2008).
1159:Bonnar, Gerard (25 February 2008).
1008:
865:. Each court comprised one or more
224:
13:
168:Supreme Court of the United States
23:Allegheny General District Court,
14:
1277:
1234:
941:Sheriffdom of South Strathclyde,
857:; they dealt with the most minor
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183:Florida District Courts of Appeal
64:
49:
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1212:
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1182:
1167:
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1095:Retrieved on September 27, 2012
895:District courts operated under
75:needs additional citations for
1174:Bonnar, Gerard (29 May 2008).
1098:
1085:
1076:
1058:"The Japanese Judicial System"
1050:
1030:
1002:
984:
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472:are presided over by a senior
442:
164:United States court of appeals
1:
1246:United States district courts
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662:whose conclusions are final.
449:District Court of New Zealand
177:called "district courts." In
124:United States district courts
910:under the provisions of the
338:
281:
229:
215:Hawaii State District Courts
120:United States federal courts
56:United States district court
7:
1091:General civil jurisdiction
980:. County Court of Victoria.
908:justice of the peace courts
872:They handled many cases of
842:
464:District courts of Pakistan
457:
44:
10:
1282:
1208:. The Scottish Government.
1193:. The Scottish Government.
1178:. The Scottish Government.
1163:. The Scottish Government.
992:"District Courts of India"
978:"County Court of Victoria"
964:"About the District Court"
846:
748:
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580:Judicial system of Finland
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288:District Court (Hong Kong)
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1018:. University of Melbourne
888:, and offences under the
849:District court (Scotland)
808:in larger cities and the
802:district courts of Sweden
751:District courts of Sweden
741:Örebro District Court in
732:
717:
687:
622:has 115 regional courts (
491:
356:
266:
672:District Court (Ireland)
660:Supreme Court of Iceland
409:
311:District courts of India
304:
251:
160:Northern Mariana Islands
1241:Finnish district courts
1093:District Court Act 2016
943:Dumfries & Galloway
861:. They were run by the
817:assize courts of Sweden
724:Regional court (Poland)
694:District court (Norway)
547:Copenhagen Municipality
468:The district courts of
367:The district courts in
349:The district courts of
319:are presided over by a
315:The district courts of
916:Scottish Court Service
831:
760:
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292:The District Court in
258:Primary people's court
28:
867:justices of the peace
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613:Further information:
520:Further information:
414:Further information:
361:Further information:
343:Further information:
256:Further information:
234:Further information:
195:Texas District Courts
173:Some states maintain
22:
1106:"The Swedish courts"
788:administrative court
615:Judiciary of Germany
262:Local people's court
219:limited jurisdiction
199:general jurisdiction
197:are trial courts of
152:District of Columbia
84:improve this article
924:Lothian and Borders
874:breach of the peace
855:burgh police courts
728:Judiciary of Poland
246:magistrates' courts
25:Covington, Virginia
945:, 22 February 2010
747:
637:Oberlandesgerichte
531:judicial districts
34:are a category of
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16:Category of courts
897:summary procedure
863:local authorities
522:Courts of Denmark
185:are intermediate
132:federal questions
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1140:on 1 August 2014
1136:. Archived from
1130:"District court"
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784:förvaltningsrätt
566:courts of appeal
396:Central Region (
225:Asia and Oceania
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1266:Courts by type
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1138:the original
1124:
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1100:
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1011:
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631:Amtsgerichte
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591:käräjäoikeus
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128:trial courts
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82:Please help
77:verification
74:
40:
31:
30:
1064:. July 1999
886:petty theft
878:drunkenness
712:herredsrett
564:) serve as
554:high courts
443:New Zealand
425:prefectures
144:Puerto Rico
1115:2014-03-14
1043:2007-08-21
950:References
815:s for the
810:häradsrätt
806:rådhusrätt
722:See also:
648:See also:
482:high court
329:high court
158:, and the
96:April 2016
795:tingsrätt
780:tingsrätt
775:tingsrätt
765:tingsrätt
761:tingsrätt
599:tingsrätt
578:See also
433:Asahikawa
404:Beersheba
377:Jerusalem
351:Indonesia
339:Indonesia
294:Hong Kong
282:Hong Kong
230:Australia
140:litigants
136:diversity
1260:Category
843:Scotland
745:, Sweden
704:tingrett
700:tingrett
552:The two
486:province
478:district
470:Pakistan
458:Pakistan
429:Hakodate
392:Nazareth
382:Tel Aviv
325:district
211:election
45:Americas
1144:30 July
1022:May 30,
832:hovrätt
828:Swedish
782:or the
757:Swedish
678:summary
666:Ireland
656:Iceland
644:Iceland
620:Germany
609:Germany
603:Swedish
595:Finnish
587:Finland
572:Finland
562:Western
558:Eastern
527:Denmark
516:Denmark
502:Austria
497:Austria
484:of the
437:Kushiro
331:of the
209:cases,
207:divorce
179:Florida
118:In the
901:prison
859:crimes
743:Örebro
733:Sweden
718:Poland
708:byrett
688:Norway
535:Danish
492:Europe
369:Israel
357:Israel
267:Cyprus
203:felony
193:, the
181:, the
150:, the
146:, the
122:, the
36:courts
1016:(PDF)
813:'
798:'
556:(the
539:byret
506:civil
474:judge
421:Japan
410:Japan
387:Haifa
333:state
321:judge
317:India
305:India
252:China
191:Texas
189:. In
1146:2014
1070:2012
1024:2014
770:ting
726:and
710:and
597:and
560:and
508:and
435:and
298:HK$
260:and
205:and
156:Guam
834:).
640:).
601:in
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