444:, where excavations had commenced in 1928. She was the first to study the faunas of the area, her stated research aim being the reconstruction of the natural history of the Pleistocene (Ice Age) fauna of the Levant region. Being aware of the fossils and the numerous human occupations her study of the Carmel Caves was pioneering. She described several new species, and identified several species that had previously not been known to have existed in this area in the Pleistocene. She constructed one of the first quantitative curves of faunal succession, and in reference to ancient climate she identified a faunal break between primitive and modern mammal communities during the Middle of the Ice Age. Bate identified the shifts from deer to gazelle dominance as rooted in changes of regional
209:, Ireland) and his wife Elizabeth Fraser Whitehill. She had an older sister and a younger brother. She had little formal education and once commented that her education "was only briefly interrupted by school". When she was 34 her brother broke his leg and she spent around 18 months looking after her parents. She was later disinherited by her parents in order to provide a dowry for her brother to marry a wealthy woman.
391:
Her days were spent on foot or mule, traversing barren and bandit-infested terrains and sleeping in flea-ridden hovels and shacks. She would wade through turbulent swells to reach isolated cliff caves where she scuffled about, covered in mud and clay, never without her collecting bag, nets, insect
421:
caves, which contained a succession of Upper
Pleistocene levels. Instead of just inferring climatic conditions from the presence or absence of cold- or warm-loving animals, she was an early pioneer of the approach to take large samples of fauna of a succession of
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discovered an extinct elephant species, an early horse and a prehistoric giant tortoise. They also discovered evidence that animals had been hunted by
Bethlehem's first human inhabitants. In the 1930s Bate studied the animal bones Garrod had excavated in the
429:. These provided a series of plots. Bate worked on the basis that alterations in the frequency of species of animal hunted by early man reflected naturally occurring changes. This work made her an early pioneer of
303:, later described in a paper for the Royal Society. While in Cyprus she also observed—and trapped, shot and skinned—living mammals and birds and prepared a number of other papers, including descriptions of the
524:, and in 1948, a few months short of her seventieth birthday, she was appointed officer-in-charge there. Although suffering from cancer, she died of a heart attack on 13 January 1951, and as a
538:
In 2005, a 'Dorothea Bate facsimile' was created at the
Natural History Museum as part of a project to develop notable gallery characters to patrol its display cases. Along with those of
528:
was cremated. Her personal papers were destroyed in a house fire shortly after her death. On her desk at Tring was a list of 'Papers to write'. By the last in the list she had written
40:
654:
portrait of Bate as a young woman, drawn by her sister, is at the
Natural History Museum. In it she wears a black dress trimmed with white lace, and a large pink rose.
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1245:
557:, Karolyn Shindler describes Bate as "witty, acerbic, clever and courageous". Shindler is also the author of the biography in the 2004 edition of the
276:, staying for 18 months at her own expense, to search for bones there, finding twelve new deposits in ossiferous caves, among them bones of the
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225:. She was probably the first woman to be employed as a scientist by the museum. There she remained for fifty years and studied
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Bones and
Identity: Zooarchaeological Approaches to Reconstructing Social and Cultural Landscapes in Southwest Asia
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378:, Bate commented: "I do hate old men who try to make love to one and ought not to in their official positions."
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The Stone Age of Mount Carmel, volume 1, part 2: Palaeontology, the Fossil Fauna of the Wady el-Mughara Caves
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Many archaeologists and anthropologists relied on her expertise in identifying fossil bones, including
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to have lived in the Ice Age, based on a skull that had been found. Decades later more remains of
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1107:"Pioneering scientist Dorothea Bate receives blue plaque recognition | Natural History Museum"
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On the
Occurrence of Hippopotamus in the Iron Age of the Coastal Area of Israel (Tell Qasileh)
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in London, sorting bird skins in the
Department of Zoology's Bird Room and later preparing
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were found. Her pioneering research was published in 1937, when Bate and Garrod published
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In 1901 Bate published her first scientific paper, "A short account of a bone cave in the
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342:, publishing work on their prehistoric fauna. In the Balearics in 1909, she discovered
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1048:, Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character, Vol. 197 (1905), pp. 347–360
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Preliminary Note on the
Discovery of a Pigmy Elephant in the Pleistocene of Cyprus
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Preliminary Note on the
Discovery of a Pigmy Elephant in the Pleistocene of Cyprus
205:, Bate was the daughter of Police Superintendent Henry Reginald Bate (born in Co.
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Garrod, D. A. E., Buxton, L. H. D., Elliot Smith, G. & Bate, D. M. A. (1928)
202:
166:
100:
1094:
The
Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
994:
892:
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
874:, 3 volumes, Natural History Museum's earth sciences library, palaeontology MSS
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A short account of a bone cave in the Carboniferous limestone of the Wye valley
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She later undertook expeditions to many other Mediterranean islands, including
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Further Note on the Remains of Elephas cypriotes from a Cave-Deposit in Cyprus
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Further Note on the Remains of Elephas cypriotes from a Cave-Deposit in Cyprus
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Discovering Dorothea: the Life of the Pioneering Fossil-Hunter Dorothea Bate
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Discovering Dorothea: the Life of the Pioneering Fossil-Hunter Dorothea Bate
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Discovering Dorothea: the Life of the Pioneering Fossil-Hunter Dorothea Bate
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Discovering Dorothea: the Life of the Pioneering Fossil-Hunter Dorothea Bate
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The Stone Age of Mount Carmel, Volume 1: Excavations at the Wady El-Mughara
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400:. She was in her late 40s and well respected. Bates had been invited by
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on fossil ostriches in China. She compared the relative proportions of
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On Elephant Remains from Crete, with Description of Elephas creticus
355:. On the plateau of Kat, in eastern Crete, she found remains of the
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Excavation of a Mousterian Rock-shelter at Devil's Tower, Gibraltar
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Excavation of a Mousterian rock-shelter at Devil's Tower, Gibraltar
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331:
186:
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Nimrod Marom; Reuven Yeshuran; Lior Weissbrod; Guy Bar-Oz (2016).
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The Early Nilotic, Libyan and Egyptian Relations with Minoan Crete
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was erected on Bate's birthplace, by the Carmarthen Civic Society.
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Finding herself sexually harassed by the British Vice-Consul in
39:
520:'s department of geology in London to its zoological branch at
359:. In Crete, she got to know the archaeologists then excavating
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and other sites on the island, who were throwing light on the
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606:(with Dorothy Garrod, L. H. D. Buxton, and G. M. Smith, 1928)
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excavations. Among other finds, they reported remains of the
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by Karolyn Shindler at ucl.ac.uk (accessed 23 November 2007)
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at telegraph.co.uk dated 4 July 2005 (accessed 5 March 2013)
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Palaeontology, the Fossil Fauna of the Wady el-Mughara Caves
1096:, Vol. 62, Jul. – Dec. 1932 (Jul. – Dec. 1932), pp. 277–279
1046:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
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Vol. 55, Jul. – Dec. 1925 (Jul. – Dec. 1925), pp. 199–228
285:. In 1902, with the benefit of a hard-won grant from the
733:
Bate, Dorothea Minola Alice (1878–1951), palaeontologist
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and paleoclimates. She was also the first to identify a
217:
In 1898, at the age of nineteen, Bate got a job at the
774:"Dorothea Bate: Carmarthen scientist gets blue plaque"
433:, especially in the field of climatic interpretation.
1015:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
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On Elephant Remains from Crete, with Description of
161:(8 November 1878 – 13 January 1951), also known as
579:, new series, 4th decade, 8 (1901), pp. 101–6
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1241:Employees of the Natural History Museum, London
1076:Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
634:1940: Elected fellow of the Geological Society
245:, paid by the number of fossils she prepared.
436:Bate also worked alongside the archaeologist
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1246:Fellows of the Geological Society of London
1061:sp.n. Proc. zool. Soc. London. pp. 238–250.
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1139:, 2005, 390pp, 48 black and white plates)
859:Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
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16:Welsh palaeontologist and archaeozoologist
535:Her estate at death amounted to £15,369.
181:with a view to understanding how and why
803:. Oxford University Press. p. 333.
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396:In the late 1920s Bate travelled to the
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1089:A Note on the Fauna of the Athlit Caves
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117:Discovery and identification of animal
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1197:BBC Radio 4 programme on Bate, in the
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756:Making no bones about hunting fossils
618:(with Professor Dorothy Garrod, 1937)
408:by the British military governor. In
392:boxes, hammer and – later – dynamite.
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739:online (accessed 23 November 2007)
681:. The Geological Society of London
289:, she discovered in a cave in the
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317:Troglodytes troglodytes cypriotes
1158:, London, 167, pp. 301–302.
1017:, No. 132 (Dec. 1953), pp. 30–34
861:Vol. 71 (1902–1903), pp. 498–500
737:Dictionary of National Biography
560:Dictionary of National Biography
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1026:Probate, granted 5 April 1951,
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1001:(Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1937)
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921:. Hachette UK. pp. 20–21.
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919:Bethlehem: Biography of a Town
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173:. Her life's work was to find
143:Natural History Museum, London
89:Natural History Museum, London
1:
1251:British women paleontologists
1150:Miss D. M. A. Bate (Obituary)
1125:
460:The Stone Age of Mount Carmel
44:Bate in Valletta, Malta, 1934
1256:British women archaeologists
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628:1940: Wollaston Fund of the
516:, Bate transferred from the
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272:The same year, she visited
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1092:by Dorothea M. A. Bate in
1044:by Dorothea M. A. Bate in
944:The Archaeology of Animals
942:Simon J. M. Davis (2012).
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311:) and a subspecies of the
154:Dorothea Minola Alice Bate
1173:Goats from a Small Island
946:. Routledge. p. 62.
917:Nicholas Blincoe (2017).
872:Cyprus work diary 1901–02
493:Later life, death, legacy
357:Cretan dwarf hippopotamus
256:", which appeared in the
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1231:British palaeontologists
1109:. Natural History Museum
679:Award Winners Since 1831
438:Professor Dorothy Garrod
179:recently extinct mammals
997:, D. M. A. Bate, Eds.,
835:Review by Miles Russell
799:Fara, Patricia (2018).
735:by Karolyn Shindler in
398:British ruled Palestine
293:hills a new species of
262:, about bones of small
1261:Welsh palaeontologists
1236:People from Carmarthen
1226:British archaeologists
1199:Natural History Heroes
518:Natural History Museum
477:Bate also worked with
442:Caves of Nahal Me'arot
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219:Natural History Museum
197:Born at Napier House,
853:Bate, Dorothy M. A.:
567:Selected publications
389:
193:Early and family life
414:Elinor Wight Gardner
345:Myotragus balearicus
1131:Shindler, Karolyn:
1057:Bate, D.M.A. 1907.
1030:England & Wales
903:Shindler, Karolyn:
637:6 December 2017: a
577:Geological Magazine
526:Christian Scientist
466:, interpreting the
384:The Daily Telegraph
365:Minoan civilisation
259:Geological Magazine
1162:Miss Dorothea Bate
801:A lab of one's own
630:Geological Society
507:John Desmond Clark
462:volume 1, part 2:
305:Cyprus Spiny Mouse
297:, which she named
282:Hippopotamus minor
1185:978-1-84024-760-2
1168:, 23 January 1951
1013:by Georg Haas in
978:978-1-78570-173-3
953:978-1-135-10659-1
928:978-1-4721-2863-8
810:978-0-19-879498-1
780:. 6 December 2017
553:In her biography
300:Elephas cypriotes
252:limestone of the
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134:Scientific career
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597:Elephas creticus
514:Second World War
503:Charles McBurney
451:Canis familiaris
340:Balearic Islands
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106:archaeozoologist
78:, Essex, England
76:Westcliff-on-Sea
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169:and pioneer of
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241:. She was a
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163:Dorothy Bate
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140:Institutions
133:
87:At home and
70:(1951-01-13)
18:
1221:1951 deaths
1216:1878 births
1177:Summersdale
652:watercolour
639:Blue Plaque
585:(1902–1903)
544:Mary Anning
512:During the
264:Pleistocene
227:ornithology
95:Occupations
1210:Categories
1126:References
1113:8 December
784:6 December
446:vegetation
412:Bates and
367:, such as
338:, and the
254:Wye valley
199:Carmarthen
57:Carmarthen
1175:(London,
1166:The Times
1135:(London,
658:Footnotes
530:Swan Song
489:remains.
410:Bethlehem
350:subfamily
84:Education
778:BBC News
646:Portrait
353:Caprinae
332:Sardinia
1201:series.
623:Honours
483:Gazella
440:in the
376:Majorca
361:Knossos
328:Corsica
291:Kyrenia
278:species
267:mammals
239:anatomy
235:geology
223:fossils
207:Wexford
175:fossils
119:fossils
59:, Wales
1183:
1155:Nature
1143:
975:
950:
925:
807:
685:20 May
612:(1932)
599:(1907)
591:(1905)
546:, and
505:, and
427:strata
274:Cyprus
213:Career
125:Awards
1028:CGPLA
522:Tring
406:Haifa
336:Malta
324:Crete
187:dwarf
183:giant
1181:ISBN
1141:ISBN
1115:2017
973:ISBN
948:ISBN
923:ISBN
805:ISBN
786:2017
687:2014
487:Dama
485:and
237:and
185:and
65:Died
50:Born
1152:in
1074:in
890:in
857:in
837:of
575:,
319:).
177:of
158:FGS
30:FGS
1212::
987:^
886::
846:^
819:^
776:.
763:^
744:^
695:^
677:.
666:^
650:A
563:.
542:,
532:.
509:.
501:,
474:.
387:–
371:.
334:,
330:,
326:,
269:.
233:,
229:,
201:,
1117:.
981:.
956:.
931:.
813:.
788:.
689:.
315:(
307:(
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